〔Med. Entomol. Zool. Vol. 66 No. 4 p. 167‒200 2015〕 167 reference DOI: 10.7601/mez.66.167 Keys to the esh ies of Japan, with the description of a new genus and species from Honshu (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) Hiromu Kurahashi*, 1) and Susumu Kakinuma2) * Corresponding author: [email protected] 1) Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama 1‒23‒1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162‒8640 Japan 2) IDD Yamaguchi Lab., Aobadai 11‒22, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi 753‒0012 Japan (Received: 9 June 2015; Accepted: 2 October 2015) Abstract: A new genus and species of the Japanese Sarcophagidae, Papesarcophaga kisarazuensis gen. & sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Honshu, Japan. Practical keys to the Japanese 43 genera and 122 species are provided including this new species. A check list and data of specimens examined are also provided. Key words: Diptera, flesh flies, new species, new genus, Sarcophagidae, Japan INTRODUCTION The collection of Sarcophagidae made by the first author was studied during the course of the taxonomical studies on the calypterate muscoid flies from Japan since 1970 (Kurahashi, 1970). This was a revision of the subfamily Miltogramatinae dealing with seven genera and 14 species. Before this, Takano (1950) recorded seven genera and nine species of Japanese Sarcophagidae. Many investigation on the Japanese flesh flies made by Drs. K. Hori, R. Kano and S. Shinonaga beside the present authors. The results of these authors were published in the part of Sacophagidae, Fauna Japanica (Insecta: Diptera) and treated 23 genera and 65 species of the subfamilies of Sarcophaginae and Agriinae (=Paramacronychiinae), but the subfamily Miltogrammatinae was not included (Kano et al., 1967). Kurahashi (2014) listed up a total 36 genera and 119 species in “Catalogue of the Insects of Japan”. Two new species of the genus Oebalia were described after this catalogue published (Kurahashi and Kakinuma, 2014). Very recently the present authors found one peculiar sarcophagid fly on costal area in Tokyo bay and collected enough number of specimens to describe the new species and to establish the new genus. The present authors prefer here in this paper to resurrect Blaesoxipha takanoi Rohdendorf & Verves, 1980 as valid species, based on a distinctive difference in the shape of ovipositor. This is similar to that of Blaesoxipha sublaticornis Hsue, 1978. We had an opportunity to examine male and female specimens reared from the same host grasshopper, Miramella sapporensis (Shiraki, 1910) collected in Hokkaido. They have aedeagus and ovipositor quite agree with those originally illustrated by Rohdendorf and Verves (1980). It seems to be strange that the female form was synonymized as B. (Blaesoxipha) dupuisi Leonide, J. & Leonide, J.-G., 1973 and male form as B. (Blaesoxipha) grylloctona Loew, 1861[=B. (Blaesoxipha) laticornis (Meigen, 1826)] in Verves (1985). The present authors considered B. takanoi Rohdendorf & Verves should be resurrected to be a member of the Japanese Sarcophagidae. The present paper deals with a total 43 genera and 122 species. Practical identification keys to the Japanese genera and species are provided to include these three new species described and one resurrected after the catalogue. The present authors also prefer to revise the previous keys (Kano et al., 1967) based upon the detail examination of external morphology and genitalia. We propose our tentative systematics of the tribe Sarcophagini. Some subgenera of Myorhina and Parasarcophaga in the catalogue are raised to such a higher status as the genera, Asceloctella, Mehria, Phallantha, Varirosellea, Liopygia and Phallanthisca. Identified specimens are mostly deposited in the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba (NSMT) and Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), but all fly speciemens in TMDU were already transferred to NSMT for a permanent preservation. Some were shared and deposited in several museums such as the Reference Museum of Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infecious Diseases, Tokyo (NIID); Bishop Museum, Honolulu (BPBM); Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh (CMNH); Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen (ZMUC); Sarawak Museum Department, Kuching (SM). Sources of material: Abbreviations for museums, institutions and private collections where material is located and examined in the section on checklist are as follows: BPBM: Bishop Museum, Honolulu CER: Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto 168 Med. Entomol. Zool. CMNH: Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh FFPRI: Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Hitachiota HKH: Hiwa Museum for Natural History, Shobara IPM: Iwate Prefectural Museum, Morioka IDD: International Department of Dipterology, Tokyo KU/BLKU: Kyushu University Museum, Fukuoka NSMT: National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba PCHY: Private collection of H. Yoshida PCIT: Private collection of I. Togashi PCKHa: Private collection of K. Harusawa PCKHo: Private collection of K. Hoshino PCMS: Private collection of M. Sagara PCNH: Private collection of N. Hayashida PCMO: Private collection of M. Ohmiya PCMT: Private collection of M. Takeuchi PCSHT: Private collection of S. H. Tan PCTC: Private collection of T. Chiba PCTM: Private collection of T. Matsumura PCTT: Private collection of T. Tachi SM: Sarawak Museum Department, Kuching TMDU: Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo UM: University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur ZMUC: Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen Locality names of specimens examined are cited as shown on the label of specimen. Terminology mainly follows Senior-White et al. (1940) and measurement of frons was made in a similar manner to Fan (1965). Frons index is the same as Fan’s index of frons. PRACTICAL KEYS Key to the subfamilies of Japanese SARCOPHAGIDAE 1. Hind coxa hairy on posterior surface (Fig. 5a); notopleural bristles (n) 4, two strong primary bristles, two smaller subprimary bristles; sternites 3 to 4 (ST3‒4) fully exposed and overlapping ventral margins of corresponding tergite. .................................................................... Subfamily Sarcophaginae ̶ Hind coxa bare on posterior surface (Fig. 5b); n 2; ST3‒4 more or less concealed by ventral margin of corresponding tergite. ........................................................................... 2 2. Arista plumose or pubescent; hypopygium large; first genital segment (GS1) amalgamated with tergite 6 (T6) with row of erect marginal bristles in ♂. .................................Subfamily Paramacronychiinae ̶ Arista bare or pubescent; hypopygium small; T6 free, not amalgamated with GS1 in ♂ .................... ......................................................................Subfamily Miltogrammatinae Subfamily Miltogrammatinae Key to the tribes and genera of Miltogrammatinae 1. Vibrissa situated above lower margin of facial plate; metathoracic spiracle open, without operculum; legs long, bristly, with elongated claws in ♂; parafacial and gena broad, hairy; oral margin in profile not projecting forward; body covered with pale pollinosity, sometimes having long ovipositor exerted; length 5‒11.5 mm ..........................................................Tribe Macronychiini, Macronychia Rondani ̶ Vibrissa if present, situated at about lower margin of facial plate; metathoracic spiracle covered with operculum; legs short, usually with short claws, sometimes with elongated ones in ♂ of Senotainia; but in this case epistomal margin in profile angulated, and body length not more than 6 mm; colouration variable, often with pale spots in contrast with black bands and spots. ............................................................... 2 2. Head hemi-spherical; eye very large; numerous fine proclinate and 1‒2 strong reclinate fronto-orbital bristles (ors) present (Kurahashi, 1970: 95, fig. 1C). ...................Tribe Amobiini, Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy ̶ Head subquadrate or conical; eye normal or very large; 0‒4 (proclinate)+1‒3 (reclinate) ors. .............. 3 3. Head conical: eye very large; ors 2+3 (Kurahashi, 1970: 95, fig. 1D). Tribe Metopiini, Metopia Meigen ̶ Head subquadrate; eye usually normal in size; ors 0‒4+1‒2 (Kurahashi, 1970: 95, Fig. 1A, B). .............. .Tribe Miltogrammatini.4 4. Claws and pulvilli long in both sexes (Kurahashi, 1970: 97, fig. 2A), sometimes normal in ♀; abdominal tergites Vol. 66 No. 4 2015 169 with three spots on dorsum. .................................Senotainia Macquart, S. albifrons (Rondani) ̶ Claws and pulvilli normal in both sexes (Kurahashi, 1970: 97, fig. 2B); abdominal tergites either with three spots or dark marginal band, or with three spots and dark marginal bands forming 山-shaped marks, or tessellate. ............................................................................................... 5 5. Abdominal tergites with dark marginal band or tesselate. ............................................. 6 ̶ Abdominal tergites with three dark spots, or marginal bands and three dark spots forming 山-shaped marks. ............................................................................... 8 6. Vibrissa present on vibrissal angle high above oral margin. ............................................ 7 ̶ Vibrissa absent. ................................................................Miltogramma Meigen 7. Presutural dc well developed; frons at vertex broader than width of one eye (WE); T5 in ♂ without long ventral bristles. ............................................. Pterella Robineau-Desvoidy,