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HITCHIKER MISSION OPERATIONS Past, Present and Future Kathryn Anderson Omitron, Inc

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HITCHIKER MISSION OPERATIONS Past, Present and Future Kathryn Anderson Omitron, Inc HITCHIKER MISSION OPERATIONS Past, Present and Future Kathryn Anderson Omitron, Inc. 6411 Ivy Lane, Suite 600 Greenbelt, Maryland 20770 (301) 474-1 700 Contributors: Agustin J. Alfonzo, Georgeann Brophy, Victor Gehr, Brian Murphy, Francis Wasiak ABSTRACT; What is mission operations? Mission operations is an iterative process aimed at achieving the greatest possible mission success with the resources available. The process involves understanding of the science objectives, investigation of which system capabilities can best meet these objectives, integration of the objectives and resources into a cohesive mission operations plan, evaluation of the plan through simulations, and implementation of the plan in real-time. In this paper, the authors present a comprehensive description of what the Hitchhiker mission operations approach is and why it is crucial to mission success. The authors describe the significance of operational considerations from the beginning and throughout the experiment ground and fright systems development. The authors also address the necessity of training and simulations. Finally, the authors cite several examples illustrating the benefits of understanding and utilizing the mission operations process. INTRODUCTION mission operations plan through an interactive dialogue between Hitchhiker, Orbiter, and experiment personnel. The The mission operations process starts at the earliest stages of resulting operations plan prepares and guides the Hitchhiker Hitchhiker Project and customer interaction and culminates Flight Operations Team (FOT), consisting of both in on-orbit operations. Experience has proven that an operations personnel and experiment teams, through both attention to operations is integral to the development and nominal and contingency flight situations. ultimate success of a Hitchhiker Payload. MISSION OPERATIONS PLANNING Ideally, payload operations activity begins even before an experiment is manifested as a shuttle payload. At this stage, Mission planning is a multi-faceted and interactive process, when experiments are still being conceptualized, mission as illustrated in Figure 1. Early reviews are essential in the operations plays a crucial role. A customer can design an planning of flight timelines and procedures. Operations experiment to maximize the possibility of mission success training, provided through all stages of payload development, by understanding the capabilities and limitations of the plays a fundamental role by introducing the capabilities and Hitchhiker and Orbiter systems up front. constraints of the Hitchhiker and Orbiter systems. Knowledge of these constraints aids in the development of The Hitchhiker operations group aims to capitalize on the hardware, software, and mission operations documentation wide range of services and capabilities available to and plans. Once the flight activities and requirements have Hitchhiker customers. As the team investigates which been documented and the Hitchhiker ground system has been capabilities can best meet science objectives, compatibility verified, the Hitchhiker operations group prepares between payload requirements and Space Shuttle Program experimenters for real-time operations through further (SSP) resources is determined. Mission Operations is a classroom training and interactive simulations. driving factor in the definition of the Space Shuttle Manifest. The mission planning process involves years of preparation which culminate in a relatively brief period of flight. As the Once a payload is manifested on a compatible flight, mission success of the payloads, not to mention the safety requirements and resources are integrated into a cohesive of the Orbiter and crew, are dependent upon the thorough 265 ion 00s Mdtmtw (in months) L-24 TIMs/CPR L-18 PIP & AIIWXS L-18 Train #I L18 POWG L-13 DMR L-12 SRR L-12 CIR @+$+ f+ @+@-> 00Train + Simulations 1. L-6 L3 GDSI&TTrain #2 UllUl L6- L6 Crew Brief L-6 Pre-Ship Rev. L-6 FAM, POWG L-6 SDR L-3 FOR L-3 Train #3/MOD L3 - L-1 Sims L- 1 ORR L- I FRR Figure 1: Mission Planning Process Doc u m e n tuti0 nlE v e n t Corresponding Review Customer Payload Requirements (CPR) Technical Interchange Meeting (TIM) Training #I/ Payload Operations Working Group (POWG) ~ayloodIntegration plan (PIP) Capo Integration Review (CIR) Detailed Mission Requirements (DMR) Svstem Reauirements Review (SRR) $stem Dedign Review (SDR) Ground Data System I&T (GDS I&T) Ship to KSC Pre-Ship Review Document Publication/rraining #2 Payload Operations Working Group (POWG) Crew Brief/Familiarization Brief (FAM) Flight Operations Review (FOR) Simulations/Training #3 Sim Debrief Mission Operations Document (MOD) "GO"for Launch I Operational Readiness Review (ORR ) L* Flight Readiness Review (FRR ) planning and preparation of the entire flight team, final experiment flight and ground systems. These preliminary simulations and reviews are held to verify the flight readiness meetings, designated Technical Interchange Meetings status of all supporting elements, both human and (TIMs), are ideally scheduled approximately two years prior mechanical. to flight. TIMs provide a forum for the discussion of payload requirements and goals as defined in the agreement Flight Operations DocumentationlMeetings between the Hitchhiker Project and the customer, the Customer Payload Requirements (CPR) Document. The Refinitinn CPR contains a myriad of detailed experiment information: operation cycles, crew involvement, commandtelemetry The earliest stage of the mission operations planning process requirements, power requirements, ground system is concentrated about the generation of documentation within requirements, Orbiter pointing restrictions, instrument field the customer's facilities and at the Goddard Space Flight of view, descriptive material and mission objectives. The Center (GSFC). Early technical interchange between the Mission Manager (MM) utilizes the CPR and information Hitchhiker team and the customer is crucial in the definition gathered at TIMs to oversee the integration of the customer's of payload requirements and the development of the experiment with the Hitchhiker and Orbiter communities. 266 In preparation for the TIMs, the MM gathers lead personnel requirements and to resolve any issues during the from various disciplines supporting Hitchhiker missions to development process. discuss payload integration issues and payload operational requirementsand constraints. The team leads are then After submittal of the PIP and Annexes to the JSC, payload responsible for generating and maintaining documentation of representatives attend a Cargo Integration Review (CIR) at payload requirements and specifications for submittal to the which the SSP assesses the compatibilities between the manifested payloads well the capabilities of the to Johnson Space Center (JSC). The Operations lead, as as SSP meet payload requirements. As stated earlier, mission designatedthe Operations Director (OD), maintains an on- operations requirements are a driving factor in the going dialogue with the customer point of contact consideration of payload compatibility. Once the SSP feels throughout the mission operations planning process and confident that all mission requirements can be met, the verifies hidher work through customer feedback. The OD shuttle manifest is formally solidified and the PIP and also supports payload status meetings to determine if Annexes are baselined. payload development and integration issues could impact mission operations. A basic version of all flight documentation products, including the Flight Data File (FDF), is then developed from The OD supplements the TIMs with preliminary mission the requirements in the baselined PIP and Annexes. The operations training sessions, providing the customer with an FDF is the total on-board complement of documentation and early awareness of the operational capabilities and constraints related aids available to the crew for execution of the flight, of the Orbiter and Hitchhiker systems. From these sessions, including operations plans, crew checklists, and reference data. The Flight Plan is the most significant component of an expanded definition of payload requirements materializes the FDF as it is the control document for on-orbit and the OD begins to analyze customer requirements versus operations, tying mission operations together by timelining the wide range of services and capabilities available. the crew, Orbiter and payload activities. The Flight Plan is developed pre-mission and is updated daily during the flight. As payload development progresses, the OD integrates Various other documentation is developed to coordinate payload requirements into both joint (between the JSC and ground operations. These documents govern nominal all payloads) and Hitchhiker specific documentation and procedures and define payload priorities and constraints for support JSC in the final preparation of these documents. consideration in contingency scenarios, Hitchhiker specific documents are developed defining internal operations to be followed by the Hitchhiker FOT. The All flight operations documentation is published in basic operations training provided throughout development aids in form approximately 6 months prior to launch. At this time the definition and refinement of these requirements. the documents undergo extensive review by mission Engineering and operations reviews are held throughout the personnel. The OD involves the customer in this review mission planning process to analyze the after
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