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International System of Units (SI units)  SI units  Structure of SI and JIS Z 8203

The International System of Units, or SI, comprises seven ⎧ Base units (seven) ｜ base units, prefixes to represent integer powers of 10 in the ｜ 18 −18 ⎧ SI Supplementary units (two) range from 10 to −10 , supplementary units of radians Unit ⎨ ｜ ｜ ⎧Derived units with special names and steradians, and twenty-seven derived units defined ｜ ｜ ⎧ ｜ Derived units (eighteen) SI ⎨ ⎩ ⎨ according to the resolution by the International Committee ｜ ｜ ｜ ｜ Other derived units ｜ ⎩ of Weights and Measures. JIS Z 8203 ⎨ Prefixes (sixteen) and integer powers of 10 of SI units ｜ ⎩ It is often abbreviated as SI from its French expression ｜ "Systeme International d'Unites". ⎩ Important units outside SI - Usable in parallel with SI units Its use in ISO standards started in 1971. In Japan, the Conference on Standardization of the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee decided in 1972 to introduce the SI units to JIS in a stepwise manner. And in 1974, JIS Z 8203 International System of Units (SI) (established based Appendix table 4 Example of SI derived units on ISO1000) and the guide for its use were enacted and that are expressed with special names promulgated, and their dissemination is in progress. Quantity Name Symbol viscosity pascal second Pa·s Appendix table 1 SI base units moment of force newton meter N·m Quantity Name Symbol Quantity Name Symbol surface tension newton per meter N/m heat flux density, length meter m thermodynamic temperature kelvin K watt per square meter W/m2 irradiation mass kilogram kg luminous intensity candela cd heat capacity, entropy joule per kelvin J/K time second s amount of substance mole mol specific heat capacity, joule per kilogram kelvin J/(kg·K) current ampere A specific entropy * thermal conductivity watt per meter kelvin W/(m·K) Appendix table 2 SI supplementary units permittivity farad per meter F/m permeability henry per meter H/m Quantity Name Symbol Plane related angle radian rad * It is also referred to as mass entropy. solid angle steradian sr Table 5 SI prefixes Appendix table 3 SI derived units with special names Multiplication Prefix Symbol Multiplication Prefix Symbol 1018 exa E 10−1 deci d Quantity Name Symbol Definition 1015 peta P 10−2 centi c frequency hertz Hz s−1 1012 tera T 10−3 milli m force newton N m·kg·s−2 109 giga G 10−6 micro μ pressure, stress pascal Pa N/m2 106 mega M 10−9 nano n energy, work, heat joule J N·m 103 kilo k 10−12 pico p power, radiant flux watt W J/s 102 hecto h 10−15 femto f quantity of electricity, coulomb C A·s 1 −18 electric charge 10 deca da 10 atto a voltage, electrical potential volt V W/A Multiplications of 106 (M: mega) and larger are expressed with capital electrical capacitance farad F C/V letters. electrical resistance ohm Ω V/A Appendix table 6 Units used in parallel with SI units conductance siemens S A/V Name Symbol Value in SI units magnetic flux weber Wb V·s minute min 1 min = 60 s magnetic flux density tesla T Wb/m2 hour h 1 h = 60 min = 3,600 s inductance henry H Wb/A day d 1 d = 24 h = 86,400 s celsius' temperature scale degree Celsius * °C t°C = (t + 273.15) K degree ° 1° = (π/180) rad luminous flux lumen lm cd·sr minute ' 1' = (1/60)" = (π/10,800) rad illuminance lux lx 1 second " 1" = (1/60)' = (π/648,000) rad radioactivity becquerel Bq liter L 1 L = 1 dm3 = 10−3 m3 absorbed dose gray Gy ton t 1 t = 103 kg Appendix table 7.1 Conversion table from conventional gravitation units to SI units T Quantity Unit name Symbol Conversion factor SI unit name Symbol degree ° π/180 angle minute ' π/10800 radian rad second " π/648000 meter m 1 length micron μm 10−6 meter m angstrom Å 10−10 square meter m2 1 area square meter m2 are a 102

3 cubic meter m 1 3 volume −3 cubic meter m

liter L 10 TECHNICAL SERVICE DATA

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International System of Units (SI units)

Appendix table 7.2 Conversion table from conventional gravitation units to SI units Quantity Unit name Symbol Conversion factor SI unit name Symbol degree ° π/180 angle minute ' π/10800 radian rad second " π/648000 meter m 1 length micron μ 10−6 meter m angstrom Å 10−10 square meter m2 1 area square meter m2 are a 102 cubic meter m3 1 volume cubic meter m3 liter l, L 10−3 kilogram kg 1 mass ton t 103 kilogram kg atomic mass unit u 1.6606 × 10−27 second s 1 minute min 60 time second s hour h 3600 day d 86400 speed, velocity meter per second m/s 1 meter per second m/s frequency cycle s−1 1hertz Hz rotational speed times per minute min−1 1/60 revolutions per second s−1

angular velocity radian per second rad/s 1 radian per second rad/s meter per second squared m/s2 1 meter per acceleration m/s2 g G 9.8067 second squared weight kilogram kgf 9.8067 force weight ton tf 9806.7 newton N dyne dyn 10−5 moment of force weight kilogram meter kgf·m 9.8067 newton meter N·m weight kilogram per square meter kgf/m2 9.8067 stress weight kilogram per square centimeter kgf/cm2 9.8067 × 104 pascal Pa weight kilogram per square millimeter kgf/mm2 9.8067 × 106 weight kilogram per square meter kgf/m2 9.8067 meter of water mH O 9806.7 pressure 2 pascal Pa millimeter mercury column mmHg 101325/760 bar bar 105 erg erg 10−7

International Steam Table calorie calIT 4.1868 energy weight kilogram meter kgf·m 9.8067 joule J kilowatt hour kW·h 3.600 × 106 metric horse power hour PS·h 2.6478 × 106 watt W 1 work rate and power metric horse power PS 735.5 watt W kilocalorie per hour kcal/h 1.163 poise P 10−1 viscosity and viscosity centipoise cP 10−3 pascal second Pa·s coefficient weight kilogram second per square meter kgf·s/m2 9.8067 dynamic viscosity and stokes St 10−4 square meter dynamic viscosity m2/s centistokes mm2/S, cSt 10−6 per second coefficient temperature degree °C +273.15 kelvin K

−8 magnetic flux maxwell MX 10 weber Wb gamma γ 10−9 magnetic flux density −4 tesla T gauss GS 10 3 π magnetic field strength oersted Oe 10 /4 ampere per meter A/m quantity of electricity coulomb C 1 coulomb C electrical potential volt V 1 volt V difference electrical capacitance farad F 1 farad F electrical resistance ohm Ω 1ohm Ω conductance siemens S 1 siemens S inductance henry H 1 henry H current ampere A 1 ampere A

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Appendix table 8 Comparison table between SI and CGS/system of gravitational units

Absolute system of units Gravity unit system Representative quantity SI units m - kg ft - lb m - kgf ft - lbf

length m m ft m ft

mass kg kg lb kgf·s2/m lbf·s2/ft timesssss gravity (force) N kg·m/s2 lb·ft/s2 kgf lbf

acceleration m/s2 m/s2 ft/s2 kgf/s2 lbf/s2 pressure (stress) Pa kg/m·s2 lb/ft·s2 kgf/m2 lbf/ft2 energy J kg·m2/s2 lb·ft2/s2 kgf·m lbf/ft work rate W kg·m2/s3 lb·ft2/s3 kgf·m/s lbf·ft/s density kg/m3 kg/m3 lb/ft3 kgf·s2/m4 lbf·s2/ft4

viscosity Pa·s kg/m·s lb/ft·s kgf·s/m2 lbf·s/ft2

temperature K °C °C °C °C

Note: 1 N = 105 g·cm/s2, 1 Pa = IN/m2, 1J = 1 N·m, 1 W = 1 N·m/s 1 dyn = 1 g·cm/s2, 1 Poundal = 1 lb·ft/s2, 1 slug = 1 lb·s2/ft 1 Poise = 1 g/cm·s

T TECHNICAL SERVICE DATA

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International System of Units (SI units)

 Conversion tables for frequently used units to SI units

 Force  Moment of force N N·m dyn kgf kgf·m newton newton meter

1 1 × 105 1.019 72 × 10−1 1 0.102 0 1 × 10−5 1 1.019 72 × 10−6 9.807 1

5 9.806 65 9.806 65 × 10 1 2 Note: 1 N·m = 1 kg·m /S2

 Pressure  Viscosity

2 mmHg or Pa·s Pa bar kgf/cm atm mmH2O cP P (poise) Torr pascal second × −5 × −5 × −6 × −1 × −3 1 1 10 1.019 72 10 9.869 23 10 1.019 72 10 7.500 62 10 1 1 × 103 1 × 10 × 5 × −1 × 4 × 2 1 10 1 1.019 72 9.869 23 10 1.019 72 10 7.500 62 10 1 × 10−3 1 1 × 10−2 × 4 × −1 × −1 × 4 × 2 9.806 65 10 9.806 65 10 1 9.678 41 10 1 10 7.355 59 10 1 × 10−1 1 × 102 1 1.013 25 × 105 1.013 25 1.033 23 1 1.033 23 × 104 7.600 00 × 102 Note: 1 P = 1 dyn·s/cm2 = 1 g/cm·s − − − − 9.806 65 9.806 65 × 10 5 1 × 10 4 9.678 41 × 10 5 1 7.355 59 × 10 2 1 Pa·s = 1 N·s/m2, 1 cP = 1 mPa·s 1.333 22 × 102 1.333 22 × 10−3 1.359 51 × 10−3 1.315 79 × 10−3 1.359 51 × 10 1

Note: 1 Pa = 1 N/m2  Dynamic viscosity

2 2  Stress m /S mm /S St

2 2 2 Pa MPa or N/mm kgf/mm kgf/cm 1 1 × 106 1 × 104 1 × 10−6 1 1 × 10−2 1 1 × 10−6 1.019 72 × 10−7 1.019 72 × 10−5 1 × 10−4 1 × 102 1 1 × 106 1 1.019 72 × 10−1 1.019 72 × 10 9.806 65 × 106 9.806 65 1 1 × 102 Note: 1 St = 1 cm2/s 9.806 65 × 104 9.806 65 × 10−2 1 × 10−2 1  Thermal conductivity

 Work, Energy, Heat W/(m·K) kcal/(h·m·°C)

JkW·hkgf·mkcal 1 8.600 0 × 10−1

1 2.777 78 × 10−7 1.019 72 × 10−1 2.388 89 × 10−4 1.162 79 1

3.600 × 106 1 3.670 98 × 105 8.600 0 × 102 Note: 1 cal = 4.186 05 J 9.806 65 2.724 07 × 10−6 1 2.342 70 × 10−3 4.186 05 × 103 1.162 79 × 10−3 4.268 58 × 102 1  Heat transfer coefficient Note: 1 J = 1 W·s, 1 W·h3 600 W·s 1 cal = 4.186 05 J W/(m2·K) kcal/(h·m2·°C)  Power 1 8.600 0 × 10−1 kW kgf·m/s PS kcal/h 1.162 79 1

1 1.019 72 × 102 1.359 62 8.600 0 × 102 Note: 1 cal = 4.186 05 J 9.806 65 × 10−3 1 1.333 33 × 10−2 8.433 71 7.355 × 10−1 7.5 × 10 1 6.325 29 × 102  Specific heat capacity 1.162 79 × 10−3 1.185 72 × 10−1 1.580 95 × 10−3 1 kcal/(kg·°C) J/(kg·K) Note: 1 W = 1 J/s, PS: metric horsepower cal/(g·°C) 1 PS = 0.735 5 kW 1 cal = 4.186 05 J 1 2.388 89 × 10−4 4.186 05 × 103 1

 Temperature Note: 1 cal = 4.186 05 J

T1 = T2 + 273.15

T3 = 1 . 8T2 + 32

T1: thermodynamic temperature K (kelvin) ° T2: Celsius’ temperature scale C (degree Celsius) ° T3: F

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