NUREG/CR-4679 SAND86-0311 RP Printed February 1987

Quantitative Data on the Behavior of Combustible Materials Found in Nuclear Power Plantt: A Literature Review

S. P. Nowlen

Prepared by " Sandia N ational Laboratories . .e C alif Albuquerque. New Mexico 87185 and Livermore, Catifomia 94550 for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-76DP00789

Prepared for U. S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION SF2900Q(8-81)

NUREG/CR-4679 SAND86-0311 RP

QUANTITATIVE DATA ON THE FIRE BEHAVIOR OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS FOUND IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

S. P. Nowlen

February 1987

Sandia National Laboratory Albuquerque. New Mexico 87185 operated by Sandia Corporation for the U. S. Department of Energy

Prepared for Electrical Engineering Branch Division of Engineering Technology Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Washington. D.C. 20555 Under Memorandum of Understanding DOE 40-550-75 NRC FIN A1010

ABSTRACT

This report presents the findings of a task in which cur- rently available fire research literature was reviewed for quantitative data on the burning characteristics of combus- tible materials that are found in nuclear power plants. The materials considered for which quantitative data were available include cable insulation materials, flammable liquids, furniture, trash and general refuse, and and wood products. A total of 90 figures and tables, taken pri- marily from the referenced works, which summarize the available quantitative fire characterization information for these materials is presented.

Eighty-two references are cited. Many more were con- sidered though it was found that much of the data presented on fire behavior of materials is of a qualitative nature. This data often results from qualitative pass-fail or rela- tive ranking tests. Information of a qualitative nature was not considered for presentation in this review.

Fire characteristics emphasized include mass release, heat release, distribution of heat released into radiative and convective fractions, products generation rates. heights, ignitability. flame spread rate, and feedback effects. The toxicity of combustion products was not con- sidered in this study..

It is identified in the review that fire characterization information for nuclear power plant type is needed primarily for use in risk assessment analyses. Much of the data presented here may be used as stand-alone results for use as input to environmental simulation computer codes. This generally requires direct knowledge of the actual heat release rate-of a given fire. Data of this type are pre- sented for most types including cable insulation in a cable tray configuration, liquid fuels, and trash . Other applications in risk assessment require the use of computer simulation models that not only predict the envi- ronmental effects of a given fire but also attempt to predict the growth and development history of a fire in a particular fuel configuration. This requires more general- ized information on the physical properties of the fuel element. These properties include the common physical properties such as density, thermal conductivity, and specific heat, as well as other properties more directly related to fire behavior including ignition criteria, sensitivity of mass loss to fire feedback, flame spread properties, and heat release per unit mass. Data of this type, particularly for cable insulation materials, are presented. These data were typically obtained from small-scale tests and the limitations of these small-scale test results are discussed.

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