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NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev

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NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 LAFAYETTE BUILDING Page 1 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service_____________________________________National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 1. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: Lafayette Building Other Name/Site Number: Export-Import Bank Building 2. LOCATION Street & Number: 811 Vermont Avenue, NW Not for publication: N/A City/Town: Washington Vicinity: N/A State: District of Columbia County: N/A Code: 001 Zip Code: 20009 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: _ Building(s): X_ Public-Local: _ District: _ Public-State: _ Site: _ Public-Federal: X Structure: _ Object: _ Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 1 _ buildings _ sites _ structures _ objects 1 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register:_0_ Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: N/A NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 LAFAYETTE BUILDING Page 2 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service_____________________________________National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this __ nomination __ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property __ meets __ does not meet the National Register Criteria. Signature of Certifying Official Date State or Federal Agency and Bureau In my opinion, the property __ meets __ does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of Commenting or Other Official Date State or Federal Agency and Bureau 5. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CERTIFICATION I hereby certify that this property is: __ Entered in the National Register __ Determined eligible for the National Register __ Determined not eligible for the National Register __ Removed from the National Register __ Other (explain): __________________________ Signature of Keeper Date of Action NFS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 LAFAYETTE BUILDING Page 3 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service_____________________________________National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 6. FUNCTION OR USE Historic: Government Sub: Government office Commerce/Trade Sub: Specialty store Current: Government Sub: Government office Commerce/Trade Sub: Specialty store Commerce/Trade Sub: Restaurant 7. DESCRIPTION Architectural Classification: Classical Revival/Commercial Style Materials: Foundation: Not visible Walls: Limestone, brick, black granite Roof: Not visible (built-up roofing) Other: Bronze, aluminum, steel NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 LAFAYETTE BUILDING Page 4 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form Describe Present and Historic Physical Appearance. Summary Description The Lafayette Building is a 12 story (plus basement), limestone-clad office building located on a prominent site in downtown Washington, D.C., facing Lafayette Park and McPherson Square and one block from the White House. It occupies approximately two-thirds of the block bounded by the diagonal of Vermont Avenue on the west, I Street on the north, 15th Street on the east, and H Street on the south (see Figure 1). The 1928 Shoreham Building occupies the southeastern part of the block. The trapezoidal site and the preexisting building determined the plan of the Lafayette Building, which resembles a lower case "e." This irregular plan is arranged around two courtyards, one enclosed and one open, that provide natural light and ventilation to interior offices. The main mass of this very large building is ten stories high (Photo 1). The top two floors are set back behind a narrow, terraced balcony. A relatively unobtrusive, one-and-one-half story penthouse originally housed elevator and mechanical equipment; some of this space has been converted to office use. The building was designed in 1939 in a collaboration between the well-known Chicago architectural firm of Holabird and Root and their former associate, A. R. Clas of Washington. In July 1941, Architectural Forum described the building as a good example of "an observance of the classic formula with the elimination of the accompanying detail." This style, now often called "stripped" or "starved" Classical, was popular for government and other public buildings in Washington. 1 The Lafayette Building is unusual among government buildings in incorporating a row of commercial stores along its 15th Street elevation. Among the earliest government office buildings in Washington to be centrally air-conditioned, it is also one of the first to include a built-in garage. In 2004, the Export-Import Bank of the United States, one of its original tenants, still occupied most of the building, which was owned and cared for by the U.S. General Services Administration.2 The exterior of the building is plain, almost to severity. The walls are sheathed with smooth, light-colored limestone, which contrasts with a low, slightly projecting base of polished black granite. Few details disturb the smooth expanse of wall. The regularly spaced, square windows that fill most openings are set back from the wall plane. Narrow flush parapets that mark the tops of the main mass of the building and of the two-story setback are defined only by a deeply struck mortar joint. Simple recessed panels at both ends of the Vermont Avenue and 15th Street elevations and the Vermont Avenue end of the H Street elevation, run the full height of the main mass of the building and suggest highly simplified Classical pilasters. Recessed, vertical groupings of first and second floor windows read as single, shadowed voids. The pale wall surfaces between these voids again suggest simplified Classical piers. This suggestion of 1 "Federal Loan Agency Building, Washington, D.C." Architectural Forum 75, no. 1 (July 1941): 47. 2 The description of the Lafayette Building in this section relies heavily on the "Lafayette Building: Historic Structures Report" prepared by Geier Brown Renfrew Architects with Oehrlein and Associates for the General Services Administration in 1986. NPS Form 10-900 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-86) OMB No. 1024-0018 LAFAYETTE BUILDING Page 5 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form classicism continues in the use of dark spandrels linking the eleventh and twelfth-story windows of the two-story setback and in the tall openings of the penthouse. Ornamentation is confined largely to the Vermont Avenue entrance and it too is pulled back into the building. The restraint of the exteriors extends to the interiors as well. Most floors consist of rows of standardized offices lining either side of a central corridor. The most significant spaces are the main entrance and attached elevator lobbies on the first floor, the two board rooms on the 11th floor, and the executive suite on the 12th. The Lafayette Building is remarkably intact. The exterior is virtually unaltered, except for some modernization of the commercial store fronts on 15th Street. The interior of the building also remains largely as built. The few major changes that have occurred include replacement of the original travertine marble floor in the main lobby, elimination of the second floor cafeteria, partitioning some large spaces originally left open, renovation of the elevator cabs, covering of original paneling in the 12th floor executive suite with fabric, removal of some original light fixtures, and installation of fluorescent lighting in the corridors and board rooms. Exterior Description A. Form, Massing, and Materials The Vermont Avenue fa?ade is the longest continuous elevation of the building and contains the main entrance. The I Street fa?ade is the simplest of the main elevations. The 15th Street elevation extends from I Street to the alley that separates the Lafayette Building from the adjacent Shoreham building and contains a number of original storefronts, all still in use. The H Street fa?ade abuts the Shoreham Building on the north and continues to the intersection with Vermont Avenue. This oblique intersection is addressed by an unusual concave fa?ade. A tall flagpole is set into the sidewalk at approximately the point where the lines of the Vermont Avenue and H Street elevations would converge if they were extended. A cornerstone incised with the date 1940 and the names of the architects and contractor is located at the southwest corner of the Vermont Avenue elevation. A granite retaining wall surrounds the building on all elevations except that facing H Street. Set about two feet away from the polished black base, the retaining walls create a narrow space for plantings. The steel frame of the Lafayette Building is encased with concrete fireproofing and brick infill. The walls are faced with limestone on the street fa£ades and brick on the alley and courtyard elevations. The polished black granite base, which rises to enclose the principle entrance on Vermont Avenue, the shops on 15th Street, and the vehicular bays on H Street, contrasts sharply with the light, reflective limestone. Bronze is used for the first and second story window frames, the spandrels between the first and second story windows, the entrance doors, the shopfronts, and the railings on the Vermont Avenue and I Street elevations; all other window frames are painted steel, as is the railing for the eleventh floor terrace. The spandrels set between the vertically aligned eleventh and twelfth-story windows are aluminum. Except for the shops on 15th Street and the vehicular bays on H Street, all openings on the first and second floors are articulated as two-stories high.
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