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The Immigration Crime and Policy: Implementation of PPNS Authorities on Investigation Law Quote The end of law is not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom. For in all the states of created beings capable of law, where there is no law, there is no freedom. John Locke Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 147 Vol I Issue 01, 2016 Volume 3 Issue 02 NOVEMBER 2018 JILS 3 (2) 2018, pp. 147- 148 ISSN (Print) 2548-1584 ISSN (Online) 2548-1592 EDITORIAL COMMENTARY Introducing JILS 3(2), November 2018 Edition: Crimes and Society and its Contemporary Issues Dani Muhtada, Ridwan Arifin Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) CRIME in the midst of society has undergone various changes, both in terms of form, type, motive, even to the cause of occurrence. The legal aspects in responding to crime are not only related to aspects of law enforcement or repression, but also prevention. Law is considered as a way to create a peaceful and prosperous society, one of which is through social engineering. In many countries, including Indonesia, industrialization, urbanization and rapid social change are among the causes of the emergence and development of various crimes. To highlight the significance development of crime in the society, this Journal volume is dedicated to discuss several issues related to the criminal law, crimes and society. Najih, for example, discuss the ideas of penal reform in Indonesia. Using a legal perspective and local wisdom approach, he analyzes how to create a law—criminal law—based on Indonesian characters. He promote the concept of penal reform by local wisdom Pancasila approach to provide justice and legal certainty which is in accordance with the character of Indonesian people. Another author, Syahrin, discusses how legal reform and policy is needed to resolve current condition in immigration crimes. He analyzes that the authority of PPNS Investigators on immigration crime cases need to be strengthened. An article by Ash-shidiqqi and Wibisono focuses specifically on the corruption and the village accountability. They argue that http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jils Copyright © 2017 by Postgraduate Program Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang Dani Muhtada, Ridwan Arifin 148 JILS 3 (2) November 2018, 147-148 the Village Law in Indonesia and village funds raises various misuse of use, one of which is corruption of village funds. However, the problem is in the aspects of accountability management, which according to them, need to be encouraged not only by the government but also the community. Another article by Wibowo analyzes the corporate responsibility the case of money laundering. He discusses about whether the company can be subjected as criminal actors and in what way the company can be subjected. He emphasized that in the globalisation era, money laundering and corruption is one of the worst enemies of business because it can result in far-reaching consequences. The clear and firm law enforcement, according to him is one of the important factors in solving this problem. Another article by Pasaribu focuses on community policing or Pemolisian Masyarakat, Polmas on combating narcotics and drugs abuse crimes. She highlights the important role of society in reducing crime. Article by Arifin discusses about the method handling the juvenile delinquency. He argues that the proper and the right method will effectively reduce the crimes committed by children. He emphasized the important role of LPKA Kutoarjo as one of special institution in dealing with child crime. Article written by Lewerissa concerning to the relationship between illegal fishing and illegal immigrant in the contexts of crimes. She revealed that many illegal fishing cases in Indonesia were also accompanied by several immigration and smuggling problems. In almost the same context, article written by Widyawati focuses on migrant workers protection. I would like to thank all the authors who have contributed their articles for this JILS edition. I would also like to extend my sincere gratitude to the board of editors and administrative staff of the Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, who have made a great effort to make this edition possible. For the readers of this Academic Journal, I wish this edition provides you with some new insights on the practices of the legal system in Indonesia. Enjoy! Dani Muhtada, M.P.A., Ph.D. Ridwan Arifin, S.H., LL.M. Editor in Chief Journal of Managing Editor Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies Indonesian Legal Studies http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jils Copyright © 2017 by Postgraduate Program Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 149 Vol 3 Issue 02, 2018 Volume 3 Issue 02 NOVEMBER 2018 JILS 3 (2) 2018, pp. 149-174 ISSN (Print) 2548-1584 ISSN (Online) 2548-1592 Indonesian Penal Policy: Toward Indonesian Criminal Law Reform Based on Pancasila Mokhammad Najih Mokhammad Najih Faculty of Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM) [email protected] TABLE of CONTENTS INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………….. 150 THE CONCEPT of NATIONAL PENAL POLICY ………………... 152 BUILDING THE CHARACTER of INDONESIAN CRIMINAL LAW: AN EXPLORATION …………………………………………... 158 PANCASILA AS A SOURCE IN THE ESTABLISHMENT of INDONESIAN CRIMINAL LAW …………………………………… 161 FORMULATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS of PANCASILA 167 AS A SOURCE of INDONESIAN CRIMINAL LAW …………...…. CONCLUSION ………………………………………………………… 171 REFERENCE ………….……………………………………………….. 172 Copyright © 2018 by Author(s) This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 International License. All writings published in this journal are personal views of the authors and do not represent the views of this journal and the author's affiliated institutions. http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jils Mokhammad Najih 150 JILS 3 (2) November 2018, 149-174 Article Info Abstract Submitted on January 2018 Criminal law enforcement in Indonesia has always been a Approved on July 2018 Published on November 2018 very crucial and the sexiest issue. Almost 35 years the idea of criminal law enforcement has been carried out and so far several concepts of the National Criminal Code have Keywords: been born which continue to experience developmental dynamics that are quite interesting to study. The desire to Penal Reform, Criminal realize a better criminal law and be able to fulfill the Law, Pancasila, aspirations of the people is the ideal criminal law politics Indonesian Criminal (penal policy). National Criminal Law must have Law characteristics that are typical of Indonesia, authentic and original, encompassing customary law, systems of values and beliefs, characteristics of modern states and international values. Pancasila as the source of all sources of law, which has not received serious attention needs to be used as a recommendation for the paradigm of penal reform. Pancasila has at least the main principles that must be implemented in all formulations of criminal legislation. These principles are among others, principles based on the source of religious values (Godhead / Divine God), the value of humanity (humanism), the value of unity and peace, the value of democracy and the value of social justice. Therefore, Indonesian criminal law must have values that are based on Pancasila, both in the form of legal norms (addresaat norm), on the types of acts that are regulated (straafbar), in the form of punishment or sanctions (straafmaat), as well as regulatory aspects and implementation of law enforcement law (formal law). HOW TO CITE (Chicago Manual Style) Najih, Mokhammad. 2018. “Indonesian Penal Policy: Toward Indonesian Criminal Law Reform Based on Pancasila”, Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies (JILS), 3 (2): 149-174. INTRODUCTION HAVING an Indonesian Criminal Law in the national legal system is a dream that to this day has not become real. It has been a long way for generations of criminal law intellectuals to still be incapable of embodying an ideal that wants to free themselves from the grip of the nails of the colonialism http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jils Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 151 Vol 3 Issue 02, 2018 product law (Reksodiputro 1995; Reksodiputro 2009)1. This is due to the legal politics of state administrators who are not consistently committed to resolving it, since the Old Order, New Order regimes and the current Reform Order. Looking at the history of the draft Criminal Code Bill until 2012, it cannot be separated from the effort to reform the Criminal Code thoroughly. This effort began only after the recommendation of the results of the National Law Seminar I, on 11-16 March 1963 in Jakarta calling for the draft codification of national criminal law to be resolved as soon as possible (Saleh 1980). Then in 1964 the draft Criminal Code was first issued and continued until 2012. Thus it can be concluded that the universal/global/comprehensive criminal law reform effort is still a rechtside (legal idea) or ius constituendum, because it has not been ratified into a law (ius constitutum). This penal reform effort in its entirety can be considered as an implementation of the mandate of the founding fathers implicitly contained in Article II of the Transitional Rules.2 If so, then the implementation of the ideals of the founding fathers of this nation could only begin after 19 years of independent Indonesia. It is understandable that the effort to compile the Criminal Code can only begin in 1964 because during the period of 19 years (1945-1964), Indonesia's political and state conditions were not stable. The draft of the 1964 Criminal Code was then followed by the following year's designs, namely the Draft Criminal Code 1968, Draft Criminal Code 1971/1972, Draft Basaroedin Criminal Code (BAS Concept) 1977, Draft Penal Code 1979, Draft Criminal Code 1982/1983, Draft Criminal Code 1984/1985, Draft KUHP 1986/1987, KUHP Draft 1987/1988, Draft KUHP 1989/1990, Draft KUHP 1991/1992 revised until 1997/1998, and Draft 1 This also emphasized that the government seriously formed a team to draft a new Criminal Code Bill since 1981/1982 (35 years after independence).
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