SUMMARY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

KLANG RIVER FLOOD MITIGATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT PROJECT

IN MALAYSIA

March 1995 KLANG RIVER FLOOD MITIGATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROJECT, MALAYSIA

SUMMARY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

A. INTRODUCTION

1. The Klang River Flood Mitigation and Environmental Management Project has been proposed by the Drainage and Irrigation Department (DID) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Malaysia to integrate three ongoing flood mitigation and environmental management projects to expedite protection. The three ongoing projects are: (i) The Federal Territory Drainage Project; (ii) The Klang River Valley Flood Mitigation Project (following a Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) study); and (iii) The Ten Year Program on Cleaning Up the Klang River (TYPCRKR).

2. The proposed project includes priority drainage works and environmental management in the Federal Territory and the surrounding Klang River catchment area in the state of Selangor.

3. The project was classified a Category A project by the Asian Development Bank and requires an environmental impact assessment (EIA). The objectives of the EIA study were to:

(i) assess the immediate and long-term overall environmental impacts during implementation of the project and upon its completion;

(ii) propose preventive and/or remedial measures to avoid or minimize adverse impacts induced by the project; and

(iii) recommend a monitoring program for the project.

4. The EIA study involved a review of the technical reports about the project and detailed site assessments. The EIA was submitted to the Department of Environment (DOE) for review, although an EIA would normally not be required by the Malaysian Government under its current environmental legislation which uses a list of types and sizes of projects to determine the need for an EIA. Nevertheless, the DOE appreciated the Bank’s action in initiating the EIA and approved it subject to the condition that all mitigation and control measures outlined in the EIA need to be fully implemented.

B. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

5. The study area is the Klang River basin on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The river basin fully encompasses the Federal Territory and parts of Gombak, Petaling, Klang, and Hulu Langat districts in the state of Selangor.

6. The focus of the study has been on the Klang River, from its head waters to the estuary, and the main tributaries of the Batu, Gombak, Jinjang, Keroh, Bunus, Ampang, Kerayong, Kuyoh, Penchala, and Damansara rivers. The local drainage network associated with these rivers has been reviewed in broad terms only.

7. The Klang River basin comprises all of the Federal Territory, which includes Kuala Lumpur, the major urban area in Malaysia that is part of the conurbation that comprises the other highly developed, urbanized, and industrialized areas of Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam, Klang, and Port Klang. Recently, the rate of development and growth in this region has accelerated.

8. Periodic flooding has always been a significant constraint to optimal land use and quality of life in the Klang Valley. Approximately 14 per cent of the Klang Valley administrative area (234,347 ha) is flood prone. On average, there are three floods a year, which usually cover approximately 32,800 ha. About 500,000 people live in the flood prone area. Of these, 38 per cent (190,000 are squatters. The main flood area is below central Kuala Lumpur and adjacent to the Klang River.

9. The flood mitigation measures implemented so far have included enlarging the river channel to a vegetated trapezoidal cross section and constructing canals with concrete revetments and berms to increase channel flood conveyance capacity and reduce the need for wide river reserves. The major sections of most of the rivers upstream of the Federal Highway Bridge are concrete lined and further works are being constructed. Sheet piling or concrete blocks have also been used. These measures are expected to improve the hydraulic efficiency of the channel and to reduce scour and maintenance.

10. The accumulated silt in the channel has significantly reduced its flood conveyance capacity. To maintain the required channel, the sediment needs to be excavated. The accumulation of solid waste also impedes channel flow and has been addressed by installing floating trash booms.

11. Two of the recommendations in the JICA study were to the Gombak diversion channel and with the Batu retention pond. These are currently under construction. The JICA report also recommended that the Puchong drop be removed.

12. The proejct includes structural works on the main Klang River System, on the major tributaries, and on the lesser tributary channels in the Klang River catchment. These structural works are to be complemented by nonstructural measures, for the beautification of the river and its environs.

1. Structural Works

13. The structural works have been broken into four subproject categories:

(i) Klang River Channel improvement

− A total of 43 kilometers (km) of channel improvement works on the Klang River from the Federal Highway bridge to below the junction with the Damansara River,

− Removal of the Puchong drop bridge and weir, and construction of a new bridge, and

− Construction of internal drainage, pumping stations, and related structures.

(ii) Extension of Klang River Downstream Levees

− Levee improvements on the right (6.7 km) and left bank (9.5 km) of the Klang River downstream from the channel improvements.

(iii) Construction of 12 Sediment Traps

− Sediment trap construction program for Batu River and tributaries, Gombak River, Klang River, Kerayong River and Kuyoh River, Damansara River, and Penchala Rivers.

(iv) Improvement of Tributary Rivers and Drainage Areas

− Improvements of 23 tributary rivers and drainage lines for about 80 km in the various local authority areas identified and reviewed by DID, Federal Territory; Kuala Lumpur City Hall; Gombak District Council; Hulu Langat, and Petaling, and Shah Alam areas.

2. Nonstructural Works

14. The nonstructural measures include:

(i) Integrated Catchment Management

− Establishment of a permanent integrated catchment management (ICM) unit within DID and carry out a pilot ICM program to conserve soil and reduce the sediment volumes entering the river system;

(ii) Solid Waste Management

− Implementation of an effective solid waste management network combined with public education;

(iii) Flood Forecasting and Warning System

− A flood forecasting and warning system (FFWS) will be established by joint venture between DID and Malaysia Meteorological Services to provide flood warning, better reservoir operation, and less transportation interruption;

− The progressive enhancement by landscaping and by fixing the river corridor for recreational and tourism use. (iv) Squatters’ Resettlement

− About 1,000 units of houses, shop houses, and workshops situated in the Government’s river reserve lands will be relocated under the project during the construction of the flood mitigation facilities.

C. THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

1. Physical Characteristics

15. The Klang River, and its major tributaries the Gombak and Batu rivers, originates in the main mountain range and flows in an east-west direction through hilly areas and the coastal plain before entering the Strait of Melaka about 55 km away. The Klang River basin is the most developed and densely populated area in Malaysia. In the past two decades, the use of the land in the basin has changed from agriculture and mining to residential, commercial, and industrial.

16. The Klang River flows continuously, with the streamflow fluctuating similarly to the monthly distribution of rainfall. Floods can occur in any month of the year. Critical duration of floods vary from 1 to 24 hours, most tributary catchments have a critical storm duration of six hours.

17. The increase in socioeconomic activity, urbanization, and industrialization has had an impact on the quality of the river water. The deterioration in the quality in the Klang River is due to the direct discharge into the waterways of sewage, solid waste, and industrial effluent as well as silt from erosion. The Environmental Quality Report (1991) listed the Klang River as among one of the six most polluted rivers in Malaysia. Pollution comes from both point and non-point sources and is compounded by the presence of squatter settlements along the river.

18. Floating debris in the rivers remains a problem despite a general improvement in the solid waste collection service. Trash booms have been erected in strategic locations to screen and remove the floating rubbish. An average of 14 metric tons (t) of solid waste are collected each day from the trash booms.

19. The high suspended solid content of the water needs to be reduced, however, recently there has been some reduction in suspended solid levels in the Klang River. Erosion from development sites has been identified as the main factor contributing to this condition, although in the past plantation and mining activities were the main sources of sediment. Previous erosion studies showed that some 3 million t of soil a year are eroded from the basin or an average loss of 23.4 t per hectare a year with a sediment yield varying between 6.0 and 42.6 per hectare a year.

20. The quality of the landscape is unsightly within the urban areas along most reaches of the Klang River and its tributaries. The river is highly polluted and unattractive as it passes through low quality squatter housing areas.

2. Biological Characteristics 21. The upper reaches of the Batu, Gombak, and Klang rivers are covered by tropical forest and its associated fauna and flora. The foothills, upstream of the city, used to be rubber plantations, however, currently most of them have been cleared for development. Downstream of the city area, the river banks are mostly covered with grasses and native shrubs. Towards to mouth of the river, and particularly downstream of Klang Town, mangrove species predominate.

22 Fauna in the basin is closely related to the flora distribution and is generally not very diverse. A list of flora and fauna found in the Klang River basin was included in the Environmental Report.

23. A 20 square kilometer low lying area adjacent to the Klang River about 6.4 km downstream of Puchong drop bridge is called the Rasau Swamp. This low area, which sometimes acts as a flood water detention basin, includes portion of the Kuala Langat North Reserve that has one of the last major stands of swamp forest remaining on the west coast.

3. Socioeconomic Characteristics

24. The population living along the rivers in the Klang basin includes people in squatter settlements, traditional villages, and business and commercial communities. There are housing estates near the river that will probably be affected by flooding from the river during major storms. Some flooding in these housing estates also occurs because of local drainage problems.

25. There are a total of 65 squatter settlements with a total of about 70,000 households found along the river system in the study area. The squatter settlements are poorly planned and lack sanitation and utilities. Only a limited number of squatters are expected to be adversely affected by the project. However, about 700 squatter houses are within the river reserve areas and will be relocated during construction.

26. The residents in these squatter settlements are generally from the lower income groups. The surveys indicate that the total household income is normally less than RM 1,500 a month. Squatters prefer to stay close to these settlements because they are close to their work place, even though the settlements are occasionally subject to flooding.

27. The Government through the TYPCKR has a program to resettle squatters. However, it is anticipated only a few households will be relocated.

28. Traditional villages are found along the upstream section of the Gombak and Klang Rivers and downstream of Puchong drop bridge. Most of the population in these villages work in factories, in the public sector, or in business. Most of them own the land, either under Malay reservation or temporary occupational license.

D. IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES

29. Overall, the proposed activities under the project are expected to have a significant positive long-term impact on the environment in the Klang Valley. The disturbances caused by construction activity and the relocation of existing residents within parts of the river reserve should be short term in nature. The expected impacts and mitigation measures for the proposed structural components of the project are shown in Table 1 (See Appendix 1).

30. The impacts from the channel improvement works will be significant in localized areas during the construction phase. The earthworks will need to be stabilized to ensure that the works are not affected by river bank erosion. Although the social impacts will be largely positive, relocation will be unavoidable and disrupting. The cultural impacts will also be significant because some religious structures may require relocation.

31. The construction of the levee improvement works will have a significant short- term impact on the local environment. It will disturb the ground along the alignment and require access tracks. Proper management measures will be needed to minimize these impacts. The original conceptual alignment for the levee improvement works upstream of Klang town had undesirable impacts on the riverain ecology. Subsequently, the EIA recommended changes in the alignment to mitigate such impacts. These changes will avoid an area with difficult construction conditions adjacent to the old river channel and will protect significant stands of nipa palm as well.

32. An estimate has been made of the amount of sediment that can safely be removed without adversely affecting the river system. The amount to be extracted is conservative but ongoing monitoring of the water course upstream and downstream of the sites will be necessary. The volumes extracted should be adjusted if any deleterious effects become evident. It should be noted that this excavation program is tackling the effects of a significant erosion problem in the catchments and more attention needs to be given to preventing erosion at the source through the implementation of an effective catchment management program.

33. Most of the sites chosen for the trapping and excavation of sediment are in relatively isolated locations and are unlikely to affect adversely the local communities. However, two of the sites are in close proximity to densely settled areas and it will be necessary to establish and operate the facilities in a way to minimize the impact on the adjacent areas. Some visual and acoustic buffering may be necessary at each of these sites.

34 The Klang River coastal ecosystem has not been in equilibrium for many decades because of the development activities in the catchment that have affected the flow of sediment to the coast. At present, there are also large-scale works under construction, or planned, on coastal lands at the delta that are also affecting the coastal ecosystem.

35. As a result of the rapid development, baseline mapping of the existing ecosystem will be required as a prerequisite for determining future environmental change. However, because of the range of activities in progress, it will be difficult to determine which projects have caused which changes.

36. The removal of coarse sediments from the river does not necessarily mean that there will be a reduced flow of sediment to the coast, compared with the amount that would occur under a natural system. A large proportion of the coarse sediments have been the result of earth moving activities associated with mining, agriculture, and urban development. The volume of fine (suspended) sediments transported down the river will not change significantly as a result of the proposed flood mitigation works such as sediment traps.

37. Predicting the changes to the coastal ecosystem will be difficult because of the extent of works taking place throughout the catchment and in particular within the coastal system itself. Catchment management plans and master planning for the coastal region need to be implemented to prepare realistic predictions about the likely changes in the coastal ecosystem. In the meantime, the emphasis needs to be on monitoring and managing the changes as they occur.

38. The Rasau Swamp area has been shown by hydrological studies to generate benefits as a flood detention basin. The swamp and the associated forest reserve are also of significant ecological value, because they form one of the last remnants of lowland swamp forest in the region. The open grassland and weed area are also valuable as a buffer for the swamp ecosystem. The long-term survival of vegetation of the area depends on the maintenance of the existing hydrological balance, i.e., a continuation of water flows from both the local catchment area and the periodic flood inflows from the Klang River. The EIA study indicated that the proposed channel improvement measures around the major loop of the Klang River combined with the removal of short lengths of the existing levee are essential to maintain the existing balance of the swamp area. In broader terms, it is also considered vital that the swamp area be protected from land development activities and land fill should not be permitted, to preserve the ecological integrity of the area.

39. The relocation required under the Project will need to be carried out based on the residents requirements and needs and with guidance to the affected communities. The Government has sufficient allocation to provide adequate compensation for the relocation. A separate resettlement plan consistent with Bank policy has been prepared by the Government and has been included as a separate component of the project.

40. Significant long-term environmental benefits are expected from the nonstructural components such as solid waste disposal and management, catchment management, riverain aesthetics, and flood forecasting and warning system.

ALTERNATIVES

41. The options considered before the present recommendations were made are shown in the following table. Also the “no project” option was considered and rejected as flooding would continue, causing significant adverse social and economic effects.

Present Recommendation Options Considered Impact 1. Improve the Channel Build larger levees or raise “Perched” river system created’ existing levees. potentially catastrophic during major floods. 2. Remove Puchong Drop Construct diversion channel i. Greater risks of bank scour Bridge and Weir with another bridge to divert and flooding over adjacent part of the flood flow around levees. the existing bridge and weir. ii. Additional land requirements and displacement of people adjacent to Puchong drop bridge and weir.

3. Construct Levees i. Extend widening and Extensive widening and deepening Downstream of Channel deepening of existing required because of the low lying Improvement Works river channel (very land on left bank resulting in loss of unfavorable option). river bank vegetation. ii. Do nothing and enforce minimum fill levels on any future development along this reach.

4. Implement Silt Trapping No alternative but to Costly, disruptive in central city and Program continue desilting river on a urban areas. Damaging to flood periodic basis. mitigation works constructed.

5. Implement Drainage i. Relocate flood impacted i. Allow vacant land to be Improvement Works residents. periodically flooded. ii. Flood proof all flood ii. Roads and infrastructure still impacted housing. vulnerable to flooding. Residents still disrupted.

6. Nonstructural Measures (i) Integrated Catchment Impose severe penalties on Not effective and creates serious Management and Solid those causing soil erosion social problems. Waste Management and dumping rubbish into river. (ii) Flood Forecasting and Increase staff in field to Higher cost and ineffective. Warning System watch rainfall and floods. (iii) Resettlement Provide concrete channel to Costly, effects are limited, and minimize the land required. aesthetically displeasing.

F. COSTS AND BENEFITS

42. The major costs and benefits of environmental and social mitigation are shown in Table 2. (see Appendix 2) Because the project will significantly improve environmental conditions for 500,000 people, who are affected in varying degrees by flooding, the benefits of the Project exceed the minor adverse impacts of the Project.

G. MONITORING AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT

43. A detailed monitoring program was proposed in the EIA and is summarized in Table 3. (see Appendix 3)

H. CONCLUSIONS

44. The conclusions of the SEIA are:

(i) It is vital that the Rasau swamp be protected from land development activities and land filling to preserve the ecological integrity of the area. (ii) A minor deviation to the levee alignment along the southern banks downstream of the Shah Alam bridge is recommended to maintain the conservation and aesthetic value of the overall corridor.

(iii) The relocation of temples and mosques needs to be carried out sensitively.

(iv) The relocation of people affected needs to be carried out with due consideration of their individual needs and requirements.

(v) An effective catchment management program needs to be implemented to tackle the effects of the significant erosion problem in the catchments.

(vi) An effective solid waste management strategy with community support, needs to be implemented to address the problem of solid waste disposal within the river reserve area.

LIST OF APPENDIXES

Appendix No. Page No.

Appendix 1 Impacts and Mitigation Measures 11

Appendix 2 Environment and Social Mitigation Measures - Cost and Benefits 17

Appendix 3 Monitoring Program 18 Appendix 1

Table 1. Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Comments on Benefits, Potential Mitigation Measures and Impacts Significance Design Criteria Residual Impacts SUBPROJECT 1 – KLANG RIVER CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT a. Federal Highway to Puchong Drop

Construction

Temporary impacts S Major improvements likely in Major social and during construction riverain stability – improved economic benefits to phase including minor flood immunity for riverain large areas of flood increase in turbidity communities. Acceptable prone land. levels. compensation and resettlement arrangements Operation will be required. Significant improvements are also likely May require removal of L, P in aesthetic values while solid up to 654 dwellings, 29 waste deposition into river is industrial, 51 likely to reduce in volume. commercial, and 26 other facilities, 9 religious buildings and 4 fish or agriculture plots to outside reserve. Riverain environment highly degraded at present – insignificant adverse impact. b. Puchong Drop to below Damansara River Junction

Construction

Some temporary impacts S The relocation exercise must Major social and to air and noise quality be sensitive to the social, economic benefits to during construction cultural and economic needs large areas of flood phase. of the affected community. prone land.

Operation

May require the removal Stabilization of riverain of up to 193 dwellings, L, P corridor with improved flood 15 retail shops, 2 immunity for riverain and workshops, 1 temple, surrounding community – up and fish ponds to outside to 12,200 dwellings, 520 the river reserve area. commercial and industrial establishments, 3 schools, 5 Minimal impact on N sewerage treatment plants, riverain biological and 610 ha of agricultural and aquatic environment. aquaculture land and 42 km Ecological integrity of of roads will benefit. Most Kuala Langat Forest in vegetation species along the Rasau Swamp will be corridor are common. maintained. Realignment of proposed new channel recommended to avoid significant vegetation pockets. River improvement provides opportunity to improve aesthetic quality. Large rubbish disposal area within floodplain should be removed or protected from flood flows. Puchong Drop New Bridge Construction

Construction of bridge together with temporary S Improvement in flood Improved traffic crossing and traffic protection of nearby areas as conditions. diversion will cause short part of overall program. term impacts of traffic Acceptable compensation disruption to local area. and resettlement arrangements will be Operation required. Will require removal and relocation of up to 25 L, P existing buildings. Supporting Local Drainage

Construction Construction activity may cause short term S Significant improvement in Significant social impacts to air and noise flood immunity from locatlized benefits levels in local areas. inundation will facilitate coordinated drainage Operation network. Establishment may necessitate relocation of a small number of dwellings – routes L generally follow existing drainage corridors. SUBPROJECT 2 – KLANG RIVER LEVEE EXTENSIONS a. Right Bank Levee

Construction

Short term construction S Flood immunity for up to 4600 Social and economic impacts (air and noise) dwellings (left and right bank). benefits. generally minor due to 300 commercial and industrial reserve width between establishments, 1 school, 8 river and dwellings. km of roads, and 80 ha of Minor increase in agricultural land. Biological turbidity levels due to values generally low and runoff from construction vegetation disturbed is areas. common and of minimal ecological value. Stabilization Operation and vegetation of levees will provide opportunity to May require removal of N enhance riverain vegetation. minor areas of riverain Overall significant beneficial trees. impact.

Left Bank Levee

Construction

Construction impacts S Biological values in some Retention of short term and minimal areas are significant and have ecologically due to absence of necessitated the realignment important vegetation dwellings in proximity. of the levee to around southern extent of “loop” Access constraints will L area. require construction of new tracks.

Operation

The realignment of the L levee will conserve significant areas of riverain and inter-tidal vegetation which are ecologically important. SUBPROJECT 3 – SEDIMENT TRAPPING

Construction

Where a link from an S, N For both off-river and on-river The ecological value existing mining pond to sediment traps, construction of the Jinjiang, the river is required, impacts to the physical and Kuyoh and Keroh some local disturbance biological system will be ponds and the will occur for short minimal and short term. existing pond periods to adjacent capacity will be settled areas. For on- P Permanent social impacts maintained. river sediment traps, may occur at sediment trap Prediction of impacts construction impacts will locations (Batu) if dwellings on the coastal be minor. are removed. ecosystem is difficult because of extent of No dwellings or other S The impact to the physical works taking place structures are expected system will be minimal and throughout to be removed except short term. catchment and in that the Batu secondary particular within the pond may involve 1 or 2 coastal system itself. buildings being removed.

Operation

Operational effects will L The impact to the biological mainly result from system of the Jinjiang, Kuyoh periodic desilting and Keroh ponds will however operations which may be in the long term, beneficial cause a moderate and significant. increase in turbidity levels downstream of the facility.

Noise and dust levels S, N Impacts to the social system associated with sediment will be minimal and short removal away from site. term. SUBPROJECT 4 – TRIBUTARY RIVER CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT IN FOUR LOCAL AUTHORITY AREAS

Construction

Construction methods S Improved flood immunity Major social and and impacts will together with opportunities to economic benefits in essentially be a improve the aesthetic values most areas. continuation of existing of the riverain corridors – Aesthetic will program effects, i.e., deposition of solid waste into improve. generally short term local river is likely to reduce. disturbances.

Operation

Minimal operational L Aesthetics will improve with impacts. landscaping.

Aesthetics will improve N General biological values of with landscaping. existing corridors are very low and are highly degraded. Impacts to biological N system are minimal.

S – Short-Term Impacts L – Long-Term Impacts P – Permanent Impacts N – Not Significant Appendix 2

Table 2. Environment and Social Mitigation Measures – Costs and Benefits

Project Components and Mitigation Costs Benefits Measures (RM Million) Subproject 1 – Klang River Channel Major social benefits to residents Improvement protected from flooding. Relocated families adequately compensated will Land acquisition, compensation and 42.5 reduce potential for social disruption resettlement and minimize project delays.

Subproject 2 – Klang River Levee As above Extensions

Land acquisition, compensation and 11.4 resettlement

Subproject 3 – Sediment Trapping Reduced cost of removing sediment from lower reaches, improved water Total subproject cost 35.2 quality, lower costs of levee construction and reduced potential for elevated river to develop. Also provides construction material reducing impacts of quarrying/mining elsewhere.

Subproject 4 – Tributary River As for subprojects 1 and 2. Channel Improvement

Land acquisition, compensation and 0.1 resettlement

Subproject 5 – Flood Forecasting Advanced warning of potential floods and Warning allowing residents to take necessary evasive action. Will also permit Total subproject cost 6.9 enhanced operation of flood mitigation works on the Batu at Gombak. Subproject 6 – Integrated Catchment Improved catchment management Management Pilot Program techniques and reduced sedimentation in downstream areas. Total subproject cost 8.9 Beautification of the river corridor.

Subproject 7 – Solid Waste Reduced rubbish in trash screens, Management rubbish booms and along the river. Improved health and sanitation in Total subproject cost 14.5 squatter areas and traditional villages targeted by the program Total Mitigation Measures 112.6

Total Project Cost 456.5

Percentage 25% Appendix 3

Table 3. Monitoring Program

Subproject Facet Objectives Monitoring Required Timing Responsibility 1 and 2 Monitoring base To establish a base for • Carry out photographic record of Prior to works DID and data bank ongoing construction and existing conditions prior to works. commencing at specific operational phase • Establish monitoring data bank and sites monitoring. keep on computer file. Construction To ensure impacts from • Ensure all equipment of good • Initial set-up phase Constructing agency impacts – noise construction equipment operating condition and only + ongoing weekly and traffic and trucks are kept to a experienced operators used for river checks. minimum. extraction operations. • Spot checks or at DID/Local authority • Check that designated cartage routs weekly intervals. only are used and roads are maintained in good condition. • Liaise with local community to ascertain whether problems are occurring and take remedial action as necessary.. Works control and To ensure that works are • Full record of activities to be Daily basis by works Constructing agency stabilization carried out with a maintained with regular checks on supervisor with weekly procedures minimum of disturbance progress and effectiveness of check by environmental and stabilization is carried channel and bank stabilization management personnel. out as possible. procedures. 1 Water quality/ To ensure channel • Check on general operating • On weekly basis Constructing agency turbidity control excavation works are procedures to ensure measures carried out with minimal described in text are implemented effect on river water appropriately in channel area. quality. • Establish water quality monitoring of • Monitoring on turbidity levels upstream and weekly basis to DID downstream of works areas as supplement existing described in text. Take remedial DID/DOW action if levels shown to be monitoring program. excessive. 1, 2 and 3 Construction work To ensure construction • Regularly liaise with local community • On a monthly basis Constructing agency force impacts work force has minimal regarding impacts. and also to act effect on local • General operational checks. immediately in communities. response to complaints 1 and 2 Channel and To evaluate the ongoing • Monitor the establishment success of • On a monthly basis DID/Local authority levee stabilization effectiveness of vegetation and stability of structural following completion stabilization and works and take remedial action if of works and landscaping measures necessary. following each major • Encourage ‘Adopted River’ river flow. strategies. 1 and 2 Reserve land To ensure encroachment Regular monitoring required in an ad-hoc Ad-hoc or complaint DID/Local authority uses into river reserves by basis or in response to complaints. response unauthorized uses does not occur. 1 and 2 Resettlement of To ensure the Monitoring to be carried out by specialist As per established City Council Relocation dislocated resettlement program is agency to ensure concerns of dislocated procedure Committee residents carried out in an persons are addressed. appropriate fashion. 3 Sediment trapping To maintain the required Monitor (both visually and by survey data) Survey data initially to Facility operator effects balance of sediment the bed and banks of channels upstream be on a quarterly basis removal from river and downstream of sediment trapping with frequency to be system. points with focus on secondary trapping adjusted with time. facilities as per text-regulate extraction based on results of data analysis To ensure ex-mining pond Monitoring procedure indicated in text. Before and after Facility operator water quality is not extraction operations adversely affected by (refer text) operations