University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations 8-1-2013 The Effect of Urban Fortification on Public Space Ryan Lee Anderson University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Anderson, Ryan Lee, "The Effect of Urban Fortification on Public Space" (2013). Theses and Dissertations. 655. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/655 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. THE EFFECT OF URBAN FORTIFICATION ON PUBLIC SPACE by Ryan Anderson A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Urban Studies at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee August 2013 ABSTRACT THE EFFECT OF URBAN FORTIFICATION ON PUBLIC SPACE by Ryan Anderson The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2013 Under the Supervision of Professor Donald Green This dissertation contributes to empirical studies on the spatial extent and intensity of urban fortification/security zones and their influence on urban public space. Urban public space has been based on creating open and safe environments for city dwellers. However, ultra-secure urban spaces have been found to filter citizens, restrict movement, and modify individual behavior. This first part of this study determines where security zones manifest themselves, quantify the fortification of the security zones, and measure the intensity of these spaces in three major U.S.