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Contributions to the Systematics of the Family Buprestidae (Coleoptera)

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Contributions to the Systematics of the Family Buprestidae (Coleoptera) Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2020) 44: 531-537 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-2006-6 Contributions to the systematics of the family Buprestidae (Coleoptera) by the first description of male external genital organ and illustrations of six species from Ankara province 1 1,2, Ali Kemal KIRÇAKCI , Mahmut KABALAK * 1 Department of Biology, Applied Biology Section, Molecular Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey 2 Biological Diversity Research and Application Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey Received: 04.06.2020 Accepted/Published Online: 07.10.2020 Final Version: 20.11.2020 Abstract: The main aim of this study is to contribute to the systematics relating to the family Buprestidae, by studying the male external genital organs (aedeagi) of six species belonging to the genera Acmaeodera, Acmaeoderella, Anthaxia, Capnodis, and Perotis, none of which had been illustrated previously. Samples of these species were collected from the province of Ankara, Turkey, and the aedeagus of each was described and illustrated in detail for the first time. The findings were then compared with the current literature. Key words: Jewel beetles, systematics, male external genitalia, aedeagus, first descriptions, drawings 1. Introduction The locations from which specimens were collected are Buprestidae is one of the largest Coleopteran families in shown in Figure 1. Species were identified using literature the world. According to various researchers, it contains including diagnostic keys and species descriptions (Bílý, between 11,500 and 16,000 species (Tozlu and Özbek, 1980; Tezcan, 1990; Lodos and Tezcan, 1995; Tozlu, 1997; 2000a). Like in many insect groups, the richness of Tozlu and Özbek, 2000a, 2000b; Çağlar, 2009; Volkovitsh, insect biodiversity makes differentiation between species Sakalian, and Georgiev, 2015). The aedeagi of the samples difficult. As a result, aedeagi are inevitably used in species examined were prepared using standard methods. Their identification. The aedeagus of Buprestidae species take a morphology was described in detail, photographs of them modified trilobate form unique to that family. Aedeagus were taken, and detailed drawings were made from both consists of the paramers, which are median lobe and dorsal and lateral views. The aedeagi were compared with phalobase. The principal components of the median lobe those of closely related species, samples of which were are two flat plates: one ventral and one dorsal. It is almost collected during the field study (with others acquired from parallel basally, is deeply grooved on the ventral side, and present literature). Diagnostic characteristics of aedeagi apex acute to transverse. Parameres, which are generally for differential diagnosis are also given briefly in Table 1. symmetrical (but occasionally asymmetrical), sometimes bear membranous lateral lobes and sensory setae distally, 3. Results and have a highly modified structure. The phallobase is Specimens were collected from the following species: fused to form a plate (Bellamy and Volkovitsh, 2016). Acmaeodera (s.str.) flavolineata, Acmaeoderella Buprestids are different from all other elateroids in which (Euacmaeoderella) villosula, A. (E.) gibbulosa, Capnodis the phallobase is fused with the parameres (Crowson, 1967). carbonaria, Perotis cuprata, and Anthaxia (Cratomerus) The main aim of this study is examining and drawing male eugeniae. The localities from where they were collected, aedeagi of six Buprestid species for the first time in order to aedeagus descriptions, habitus photographs, aedeagus make contributions to Buprestidae systematics. drawings and photographs, distribution maps, and character table are given below. 2. Materials and methods Subfamily: Polycestinae Lacordaire, 1857 Male species examined were collected in Ankara province Acmaeodera (s.str.) flavolineata Laporte & Gory, 1835 in 2018 (May–October) and 2019 (April–October). (Figure 2.) * Correspondence: [email protected] 531 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. KIRÇAKCI and KABALAK / Turk J Zool Figure 1. The localities of the examined species collected in Ankara province (the map designed with ArcGIS Pro v.2.2). Table 1. Diagnostic characters of aedeagi of examined species. Median lobe Paramere apical Paramere Species Paramere lateral sides apex setae apex Expanded from posterior to middle, narrowed from Acmaeodera flavolineata Obtuse None Obtuse middle to anterior Acmaeoderella gibbulosa Obtuse Parallel-sided, narrowed in apical part None Pointed Expanded from posterior to anterior, narrowed in Acmaeoderella villosula Obtuse None Pointed apical part Expanded in posterior half to anterior, widened in Capnodis carbonaria Pointed Long, dense Pointed anterior half, narrowed in apical part Parallel in posterior third, expanded to anterior in Obliquely Perotis cuprata Pointed Long, dense medial third part, almost parallel in anterior third part truncated Expanded from posterior to almost middle, gradually Lobe-like Anthaxia eugeniae Obtuse narrowed from middle to apical part, expanded in apical Long, sparse expanded part and then narrowed to apex 532 KIRÇAKCI and KABALAK / Turk J Zool Material examined: Ankara (Beypazarı), 40°13ʹ21.60ʹʹ Subfamily Chrysochroinae Laporte, 1835 N, 31°53ʹ31.90ʹʹ E, 833.8m, 1♂, 18.6.2019. Capnodis carbonaria (Klug, 1829) (Figure 8.) Aedeagus (Figure 3. A–D): In the dorsal view, Material examined: Ankara (Evren), 39°05ʹ06.54ʹʹ phallobase hyaline, lateral margins narrowed posteriorly, N, 33°40ʹ58.56ʹʹ E, 930 m, 1♂, 18.5.2018; Ankara triangle-like, posterior margin rounded; parameres (Kızılcahamam), 40°31ʹ55.72ʹʹ N, 32°38ʹ20.81ʹʹ E, 1329 hyaline, stronger sclerotized in the apical part, lateral m, 1♂, 13.7.2018; Ankara (Evren), 39°01ʹ08.00ʹʹ N, margins slightly widened from the posterior to middle, 33°43ʹ30.30ʹʹ E, 1013 m, 2♂♂, 19.VII.2018; Ankara and gradually narrowed from the middle to the apices, (Kalecik), 40°12ʹ30.40ʹʹ N, 33°31ʹ50.00ʹʹ E, 665 m, 18♂♂, obtuse at apex; median lobe hyaline, apex hyaline, and 22.7.2018; Ankara (Kalecik), 40°12ʹ29.70ʹʹ N, 33°31ʹ51.10ʹʹ rounded. In lateral view, the phallobase slightly sclerotized, E, 671.6m, 3♂♂, 21.6.2019; Ankara (Polatlı), 39°08ʹ34.70ʹʹ posterior margin raised upwards; parameres straight in the N, 32°07ʹ08.80ʹʹ E, 912m, 1♂, 27.7.2019. dorsal fourth, then gradually narrowed to the apical part, Aedeagus (Figure 9. A–D): In the dorsal view, phallobase suddenly curved near the apex, then continued almost slightly sclerotized, the lateral margins slightly expanded to straight to the tip, rounded at apex. the anterior; parameres highly sclerotized, lateral margins Acmaeoderella (Euacmaeoderella) villosula (Steven, slightly widened towards the anterior in posterior half, 1830) (Figure 4.) clearly widened in anterior half and gradually narrowed Material examined: Ankara (Çubuk), 40°18ʹ13.67ʹʹ N, to the apex in the apical part, margins of narrowed area 32°55ʹ39.64ʹʹ E, 1163 m, 2♂♂, 11.6.2018. slightly less sclerotized than the other parts, and this area Aedeagus (Figure 5. A–D): In the dorsal view, longly setose almost in anterior half, apex pointed; median phallobase hyaline, lateral margins narrowed posteriorly, lobe less sclerotized than parameres, gradually narrowed triangle-like, posterior margin slightly rounded; parameres in apical part then more markedly, apex pointed. In lateral hyaline in posterior half, sclerotized in the anterior half, view, the phallobase inclined towards ventral, posterior lateral margins slightly widened from the posterior to margin raised; parameres dorsally straight, parameres the anterior, gradually narrowed towards apex in apical ventrally almost straight in posterior half, gradually part, the inner margins slightly bowed towards the apex narrowed towards the tip in anterior half, pointed at apex. in the apical part, parameres covered with campaniform Perotis cuprata (Klug, 1829) (Figure 10.) sensillae, with narrowly rounded apex; median lobe Material examined: Ankara (Pursaklar), 40°08ʹ29.14ʹʹ hyaline, its tip more hyaline, with rounded apex. In lateral N, 32°53ʹ21.52ʹʹ E, 1039.43m, 1♂, 11.6.2018; Ankara view, phallobase slightly sclerotized, posterior margin (Çubuk), 40°18ʹ13.67ʹʹ N, 32°55ʹ39.64ʹʹ E, 1163m, 1♂, raised upwards; parameres dorsally convex in posterior 11.6.2018. third, the rest gradually narrowed towards the end, ventral Aedeagus (Figure 11. A–D): In the dorsal view, part of parameres arcuate in posterior third, medial third phallobase slightly sclerotized, its lateral margins almost almost straight, narrowed gradually towards tip in anterior parallel, narrowing in the posterior, with a slightly pointed third, apex rounded. posterior margin; parameres quite sclerotized, and Acmaeoderella (Euacmaeoderella) gibbulosa covered with campaniform sensilla in anterior two thirds, (Ménétriés, 1832) (Figure 6.) lateral margins almost parallel in the posterior third, then Material examined: Ankara (Polatlı), 39°20ʹ00.00ʹʹ N, expanded in the medial third, and again almost parallel 32°01ʹ35.80ʹʹ E, 728m, 2♂♂, 27.7.2019. in the anterior third; apex slightly sclerotized, yellowish- Aedeagus (Figure 7. A–D): In the dorsal view, phallobase white, obliquely truncated, and blunt, yellowish-white area hyaline, anterior corners curved downward and pointed, densely long setose; median lobe sclerotized, gradually lateral margins narrowed from anterior to posterior, narrowing
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