• Restricted to the Use of Law Enforcement Officials

1953 Federal Bureau of Investigation MAY Department of Justice

Vol. 22 No.5 J. Edgar Hoover, Director FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin •

MAY 1953 Vol.22 No.5 CONTENTS

Statement of Director J. Edgar Hoover 1

Feature Article: The FBI Law En- The Green Mountain Troopers and Their State Work, by Sgt. forcement Bulletin Andrew H. Monti, ...... 2 is issued monthly Communication6 and Record6: to law-enforcement Police Radio Work Coordinated From One Central System 8 agencies through• out the United : States. Much of Strict Traffic Law Enforcement Wins IACP Award, by Capt. the data appearing Charles S. Fox, Director, Traffic Division, Bloomington, Ind., herein is of a confi• Police Department. . . 12 dential nature and Policewomen for Traffic Duty 13 its circulation Crime Prevention: should be restricted Midget Basketball Curbs Delinquency in North Tonawanda, by Pat· to law-enforcement rick F. Grimaldi, Chief of Police, North Tonawanda, N. Y. . . . 14 officers; therefore, What Is a Boy? From an address by the Honorable Herbert Hoover, material contained Chairman of the Board of Boys' Clubs of America ...... 15 in this Bulletin Identification: may not be re• Fingerprints Locate Brother Missing 18 Years 7 printed without Latent Fingerprints 11 prior authorization Position of Trust . 16 by the Federal Questionable Pattern back cover Bureau of Investi• Other Topic6: gation. Artist's Drawing and a Wax Dummy Identify a Robber . . . . . 17 Suppression of Prostitution in Military Camp Areas ...... 19 The Air Force Mortuary Affairs Program, by Kenneth R. Havens, Chief, Memorial Branch, Air Force Services Division 21 Maui Officers Build Hale Maka'i . . . . 22 Police Buildings in Orangeburg, S. C. . 23 Wanted by the FBI (David Dallas Taylor) 24

Published by the FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION, UNITED STATES _ DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Washington, D. C. • 1!Init~b itabs m~partm~nt of 1JWJtir~ .iH~b~ral ilur~au of Inu~stigatinn BlaslJington 25, il. Gr.

May 1, 1953

TO ALL LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICIALS:

Murder, rape and aggravated assault are prominent among the crimes to which greater attention should be paid during the coming months. Although he may be quite unaware of the fact, the average citizen and his family are in more danger of being the victims of these crimes during the summer months than at any other time of the year. It may be of some consolation to know, however, that during the same period their property is less likely to be taken by robbery or burglary and there is smaller chance that any of them will meet death from manslaughter by negligence.

These conclusions are based on statistical studies of crime by seasons which we publish in the annual bulletin of the Uniform Crime Reports. The general pattern, repeated year after year, shows that crimes against property are committed more frequently during the colder months while crimes against the person, often associated with passion of some nature and degree, occur at an above-normal rate during the summer months. Manslaughter by negligence, an exception to the rule for offense s against the per son, commonly involves carelessness rather than passion and has been highest when highway conditions are worst during the winter.

Seasonal trends in crime are only one of the flags posted through the Uniform Crime Reports bulletins. Analyses made of the data supplied by more than 5, 700 cooperating law enforcement agencies also show current developments in regard to the age and sex of offenders, crime rates in rural and city areas. vah,4€ of pL uperty stolen and recovered and many other facts which merit the closest attention of both police officers and the public.

Very truly yours, _~. ~~4~~

~ J ohn E~ar Hoover Director The Green Mountain Troopers antl Their e State Police Work

by SGT. ANDHEW H. MONTI, Verm()nt State Police

Amid the colorful and picturesque Green Moun- yet with its spaciousness provides ample quarters tains in the State of Vermont, a young organiza- for Vermont's State constabulary. tion equally as colorful is making a name for itself as an efficient . Commissioner Baumann Patrolling the highways and enforcing the motor vehicle and criminal law in rural Vermont The man heading this "top notch" State police or- are Vermont State troopers attired in snappy ganization is also young in years, but a veteran green and gold uniforms. Just as distinct as the in law enforcement. Directing the activities of resplendent uniforms is the efficient work which the department is William H. Baumann, Commis- is accomplished by this unit of 64 State policemen. sioner of Public Safety. At 32 he is the youngest man to hold the top post of State police executive Organized in 1947 in the United States. Baumann has risen through the ranks to the The State troopers, which are the uniformed office of commissioner, a just reward for the ener- division of the Department of Public Safety, came getic and efficient work he has accomplished. He into being on July 1, 1947. Prior to that time has had 7 years of federal law enforcement work Vermont's statewide law enforcement agency was with the Border Patrol of the United States De- the , whose activities were con- partment of Justice, 2 years as arson investigator fined solely to highway patrolling and traffic acci- for the State police and a great deal of other dent investigation. investigative work allied with law enforcement. In 1947 the legislature created the new depart- In 1949 Baumann resigned his position with the ment, thereby establishing Vermont's first State Immigration Service to assume the duties of in- police force. Twenty­seven veteran highway vestigator in the arson squad of the State police. patrolmen were transferred to the new depart- His training, experience and ability soon made ment. An additional 28 men were trained by the themselves obvious and he established an enviable Federal Bureau of Investigation in a 6­week record as a "crack investigator" on many difficult course held at Montpelier, Vt. Since that time arson cases. the total complement has risen to its present quota Second in command of Vermont's State police is of 64 uniformed troopers. Ray C. Smith, Deputy Commissioner, a veteran Lack of suitable housing for the administration officer who has served the State of Vermont for of the department retarded the progress of organ- over 25 years in law enforcement. Smith has ization until the legendary Burgess estate known earned himself a reputation as one of the best as "Redstone" in Montpelier was acquired for the "hit­run" accident investigators in New England. headquarters of the new department. This build- In carrying out its duties in the field of law en- ing, which had been vacant for almost 30 years, forcement the Vermont State Police depends to attracts hundreds of visitors each year, not only a large extent upon the services of the Federal as State police headquarters but for its historical Bureau of Investigation. As Commissioner background as well. Baumann points out, "We are indeed fortunate to The 18­room Gothic structure of red sandstone have the facilities of the Federal Bureau of Inves- and brick with tower, balconies, oriel windows and tigation at our disposal and it is gratifying to portico lends itself admirably to a state police know that only the finest of cooperation exists be- headquarters. Aside from the beauty of its plan tween the Vermont State police and the FBI." and its magnificent view, the building, whose The State is divided into 5 district or troop cornerstone bears the date 1890, is near the Capitol areas with 6 substations and 9 outposts. A ser­

2 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN geant is in charge of each district with a as second in command. The district headquarters are manned 24 hours a day with an officer on duty at all time.

Radio Network Covering the entire State is a modern 3­way fre• quency modulation radio sy tern with main trans• mitting-receiving stations located on Mount Mans• field, Mount Burke, Pico Peak and Mount Ascut• ney. These main stations are operated by remote control units at each of the five districts. Mobile equipment and emergency units are equipped with 50-watt transmitting and receiving units. The nerve center of the department is in the operations room at the State police headquarters in Montpelier. Here all radio traffic between sta• tions is monitored and in the event of an emer• gency "operations" is able to assume control over any or all districts and mobile equipment. To supplement the radio and to afford rapid means of interstate police communications the Commissioner William H. Baumann. State police in Vermont are directly linked with the Northeastern States teletypewriter police and day and handle numerous complaints from system. This system provides a formidable ally the temporary residents. in law enforcement work with other States. During this busy tourist season an increase in Another important function of the department thefts occurs. It is not unusual for troopers to is carried on by the Fire Prevention Division of be called to investigate the theft of various and the department. This bureau is under the capable sundry watercraft, outboard motors and other command of Lt. Chester M. Kirby. Numerous vacation paraphernalia. arson cases are investigated by this bureau and Late in the fall, the "migration" of tourists the majority are brought to a uccessful prosecu• commences its exodus. However, this does not tion by the squad of skilled investigators under mean that the work of the State police lessens. Lieutenant Kirby. Boarded up summer camps must be periodically checked and the areas regularly patrolled. Nu• Tourist Traffic merous breaks into the closed camps are investi• gated and in a majority of cases the loot, which Vermont with its "million dollar" a year tourist often runs into several hundreds of dollars, is business poses an additional problem to the State recovered for the camp owners. In a great many police. Commencing before Memorial Day and instances troopers discover a break, investigate, lasting well after Labor Dayan endless flow of apprehend the culprit and recover the stolen tourists from every State in the country crowds property before the camp owner, who may live the highways and byways of the Green Mountain in another State, is aware of the loss. He is State. This creates greater traffic accident ex• usually quite surprised and pleased when notified posure and troopers are kept on the jump 12 to by the State police. 16 hours evpry nSly. Pr~venti--;c ;york i:, u.v(.;tjl• There )s a short lull in our activities during erated and the normal curve of activities rises the early winter but with the first snow the Green sharply. Mountain State Police again swing into action, Summer resorts, colonies and campsites awaken this time kept busy by the multitude of skiing en• with hustle and bustle and far into the fall these thusiasts who tax the facilities of the famous ski locations take on the aspects of miniature cities. resorts in Vermont. Numerous ski meets and The troopers patrol these areas regularly night competitions bring "out-of-staters" in droves to

MAY 1953 3 in its forty-third sess~on is Sgt. Kennith J. Fletcher. Sergeant Fletcher is in charge of the department's Identification and Records Division. e Complying with the statutes creating the depart• ment, this division is set up as a general clearing and service agency for aU law enforcement groups and penal institutions within the State of Ver• mont as well as for "Ident" Bureaus of other States and the FBI. Herein are contained ex• tensive criminal files, fingerpriht files, photo• graphs, descriptive data, etc. In addition to his other duties Sergeant Fletcher maintains files of missing and wanted persons, photographs of criminals, cross-indexes of aliases, modus operandi, etc. The "Ident" Bureau has a modern and complete photographic laboratory where all work for the State police is processed. Each one of the State police districts is equipped with a 4 x 5 8peed Graphic camera. .

Training School Also in compliance with a directive contained in the enabling act of the department, i. e., to organ• ize and maintain a training school, the author, who graduated with the forty-sixth session of the ~~:$~h ~ ­ ~ FBI National Academy, was placed in charge of Sergeant Monti (left) supervisu firear1fl8 training. the training division. It is the function of this division to devise and administer examinations for the now ermine mantled hills. Again traffic State police applicants and to supervise and con• problems arise, this time on highways made haz• duct recruit and in-service schools for the depart• ardous by Old Man Winter. But, rain or shine, ment. The aid of the FBI has been enlisted in snow or sleet, warm or frigid, these Vermont State all of the training programs presented by the troopers, as hardy as the famous Green Moun• State police. tains, are on the job. Corp. H. Carlyle Lawson, an investigator in the In keeping with progressive law enforcement of Fire Prevention Division, is also a graduate of today the Vermont State Police has availed itself the FBI National Academy. Another experi• of the opportunities afforded by the Federal Bu• enced officer having the benefit of FBI training is reau of Investigation in its National Academy. Sgt. Edward J. Luce who has charge of "K" Dis• Several of the top ranking officers of Vermont's trict at Montpelier, Vt. State police are graduates of that school. The following are cases taken from the files of Sgt. KOlton T. Fitzsimons is a graduate of the the Vermont State police. While names of the thirty-seventh session of the academy. He holds principal characters have been changed the stories a responsible position in the unit as inspector and are of actual cases. operates out of the executive office of State Police Headquarters. Sergeant Fitzsimons is a sea• The Body in the Well soned officer and has served the State of Vermont for more than 20 years. He supervises the work• This actual case which transpired during the ings of the field force and carries on special in• night of July 29,1949, has its setting in the rustic vestigations for the executive office. atmosphere of the Green Mountains. Another. veteran officer with 14 years of service The first notification that all was not well was and also a graduate of the FBI National Academy when Sta te police received word at 2: 45 p. m., July

4 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN 29th, that a edan had been found on a side road under circumstances indicating violence. Upon being eli patched to the cene a Vermont State trooper found a 1940 Plymouth edan bearing California regi tration plate. The evidence upon and about the vehicle indicated that possibly a homicide, or at least orne yiolence, had occurred. The right side of the front eat cushion of the vehicle was covered with a ubstance which had the appearance of blood. orne of this ubstance had even flowed over the real' part of the front eat. There were al 0 traces of thi same substance spattered about in various places on the instrument panel of the vehicle and on the in ide of the wind• hield. There was a hole in the top of the car, lightly to the left, over the po ition where an operator of a vehicle would sit. A close inspection of this hole indicated that it was a bullet hole prob• A class in defensive tactics. ably made by a mall calibre rifle or pistol. The evidence relating to this bullet hole indicated that tations in Vermont. Meanwhile the vehicle had the mi ile had gone through the cloth covering been carefully proce ed for fingerprints and on the in ide of the roof of the car, penetrated the photographed and the seat covers were removed metal roof, and spent it elf after pa sing through and forwarded to the FBI Laboratory to undergo the roof. Two empty .22 cal. shells were found chemical tests and analyses to determine if the inside the car and a leather hunting knife case, or substance on the covers was blood and, if so, sheath, was also picked up. The ignition keys of human blood. the car were missing and a cursory examination indicated the fl1el tank was empty. The Crucial Interview There was no "information stolen" on this par• ticular vehicle nor were any personal effects or In further questioning of the Marks family an identifying certificates found within which would alert Vermont State trooper noticed a hesitancy disclo e the ownership or pos ible earlier occu• in an wering que tions on the part of the father pants of the vehicle. A check with the California of the Marks youth. Pressing his questioning of authorities brought to light the fact that the the elder Marks, the officers were finally able to vehicle was owned by a Vermont youth, Alton obtain the statement that his on Ronald had come Barker, 21 years of age, who had recently returned to him early in the morning and awakened him from California, and now resided in a small rural and related that he had been in a terrible fight settlement a few miles away. State troopers, the with the Barker boy. sheriff and the State's attorney, in checking the Mark claimed that his son informed him that home of Barker, found that he was missing and he had shot Barker, then knifed him and disposed members of the Barker family provided the in• of the body by throwing it in an abandoned well formation that Barker, and one Ronald Marks, in a field on the Marks property. The story the age 22, had been visiting at the home of a Barnard elder Marks gave the officers related how they had family and had left that place at approximately scraped together $67 in cash and he had taken his 2 a. m. the day the car was found on the side road. boy to the bus line the same afternoon to go to The investigatin~ officers immpoil'lte1y "'ent to the home of an Uilde ill a neighboring ~tate. the Marks residence and at that place were told Investigating and prosecuting officials were then by the Marks family that their son had left the led to the abandoned well by the elder Marks where house sometime the previous evening and he had the body of Barker was found. The body had not been seen or heard from since. The officers been thrown into the well, some loose hay thrown then obtained detailed descriptions of both Barker over it and an old board cover that had previously and Marks and these were given out by all radio covered the well was replaced. Photographs were

MAY 1953 5 taken of the body in its position within the well On November 23, 1949, Marks' attorneys entered lind it was then removed and taken to the morgue . a plea of guilty to second degree murder, where• . \.n immediate autopsy performed by the State upon Marks was committed to the State prison pathologist reyealed that Barker had met his for life. death as the result of the penetration of a small calibl'e bullet into the brain. The missile had en• Cattle Rustling tered the right eye of Barker and the exit wound was in the rear part of the skull. In addition to The following narrative, again taken from the case this wonnd, which had caused instantaneous death, files of the Vermont State police, is reminiscent it was found that numerous wounds apparently of the saga of rustling during the days of the made by a knife had been inflicted upon the body Wild 'West. However, in the story which follows after death according to medical determination. we have the factor of modern transportation as the In the meanwhile Vermont State Police Head• means used in conveying the stolen cattle. quarters notified the police of the city where At approximately 5: 30 p. m. on June 8,1949, a Ronald was reportedly hiding that he was wanted Vermont State police outpost in the northern in Vermont for murder. The police of that city part of the state was notified that 3 farmers in immediately went to the address furnished and the nearby vicinity had lost a total of 8 head of took Marks into custody. Upon being informed valuable cattle. The complainant advised that that Marks would waive extradition Vermont of• the ;3 men had diligently searched their pastures ficers immediately made arrangements to return and could find no trace of the cattle. State troop• Marks to Vermont. ers dispatched to the farm of the complainant Upon his return Marks was questioned by the round that all 3 men were made aware of their State police and the sheriff and while admitting loss because the cows failed to appear for the the slaying of Barker he gave several conflicting morning milking. versions of the affair. However, in a final story and reenactment of the crime Marks claimed that Crime Scene Search the slaying was the result of an argument over a girl. When Barker had returned from California The troopers conducted a thorough search of the he had taken Marks' place and' Marks had become pastures and evidence was found which indicated resentful over this state of affairs. that a truck had driven through one of the pasture The story as related by Marks was that both he fences. Impressions left on the surface of the and Barker had been drinking during the evening earth at that point gave indications that some ob• and that he, Marks, had brought along his rifle, ject had rested thereon. The investigating offi• with the intention of selling it to Barker. They cers were led to believe that the impressions were had both visited at the home of the Barnard girl made by the tail-gate of a truck. The officers and at approximately 2 a. m.left that place. They followed faintly discernible tire tracks to a point became involved in an argument over the girl. where further evidence was found which indi• According to Marks the argument became very cated that a red object had scraped a heavy fence heated and Barker pulled a knife and attempted post as it left the pasture. Gouge marks were to attack Marks. Ma'rks claimed that he grabbed present in the post and small chips of wood had the rifle, shot Barker and then took ' the knife been torn from the outer surface of the post. away from Barker and stabbed him several times. The residue of the red paint left on the fence While this story of Marks was inconsistent with post was carefully scraped from the post, prop• some of the evidence which the officers had found, erly identified and marked as evidence and the in• the main part of the story was apparently true. vestigating officers commenced an inquiry in that general vicinity in an effort to locate a person who Laboratory A.nalysis might have seen a truck-possibly a red one-in that area. All evidence obtained in the case was subjected to On the following afternoon troopers came upon laboratory tests and analyses by the FBI and a red truck in the yard of a commission auction this evidence together with all facts was presented stable located at a nearby village. The officers to the g,rand jury which formally indicted Marks thoroughly scrutinized various parts of the vehicle on a charge of murder. and evidence was found on the left side of the

6 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN body indicating that it had scraped against an• other object. Characteristic of cattle-type bodies, thi-s"articular truck body had protruding carriage bolts which secured the horizontal wood slats to the vertical uprights on the truck body proper. A close inspection of these bolts and the recess directly underneath the bolts, revealed small particles of fresh wood chips. Without benefit of scientific analysis the officers observed a similarity between the wood chips and the wood of the fence post which they had examined the previous day Sound truck l or traffic control and raids. in the pa ture. The driver of the truck was ques• of the Union have been greatly impressed with tpe tioned without avail. He denied knowledge of service of the Vermont State troopers as attested the theft of any cattle and denied being in the by the many letters of commendation received vicinity where the cattle were allegedly stolen. daily by Commissioner Baumann. To use the Commissioner's own words, "The Convincing the Suspect State Police of Vermont has and will continue to dedicate itself to serving its fellow citizens and The officers then requested the truck driver to all who enter the borders of the State with the drive the vehicle to the scene of the theft. At utmost of efficiency and courtesy on the part of its the scene the truck was placed in position next own personnel. Public safety and police service to the fence post which had been scraped and is the public's business, however, and only with the marks on the fence post and on the truck their full cooperation can law enforcement suc• body corresponded. The truck was also backed cessfully achieve its goal." to the position where it was believed the cattle were loaded. The tail-gate was carefully lowered Fingerprints Locate Brother into position and marks peculiar to that particular tail-gate fitted perfectly into the impressions left Missing 18 Years on the surface of the ground. The FBI, with the excellent cooperation of the The driver of the truck, who had observed the chief of police at St. Paul, Minn., was able to re• officers making their comparisons, broke down establish contact between a resident of Scotland and gave a signed statement. The driver claimed and her brother, who had left Scotland 44 years that he and two other men had discussed a plan before and from whom she had received no word for stealing cattle and selling them. Putting their for 18 years. plan into action, the three men went to the pasture On the basis of descriptive data furnished, the in question and loaded the eight head of cattle in FBI was able to determine that a man believed the truck. After loading the truck the men left to be the missing brother had had fingerprints with the cattle for a commission auction sale stable taken in 1941 and 1943 in connection with applica• in the southern end of the State where they were tions for employment and had given addresses in sold. State police near this sales stable were noti• t. Paul, Minn., and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, fied and a search of the stable located the cattle. respectively. Copies of the correspondence with The owner of the stable had purchased the cattle, the Scots-woman were sent to the chief of police unaware that they were stolen. The cattle were at t. Paul, since the brother's last-known address recovered for the owners and all 3 men were ar• in this country had been in that city. raigned and convicted on a charge of grand lar• The chief subsequently wrote the F BI that the ceny. Two of the men received 2- to 3-year missing man had been located in St. Paul through sentences at the State prison and the third man thp roopprRtiorr of the local BuilJing Trades rccei-, t:J ;) Lo 5 years in the same institution. Union, which had his name and current address This new State police organization even in its listed in their files. Interviewed by the local short existence has been creating for itself an police, he acknowledged that he was the person enviable reputation for efficiency and courtesy. sought. H e had believed all his relatives were Not only have Vermonters reason to be proud of dead and was very pleased with the joint effort their "crack" outfit but visitors from every State to locate him.

MAY 1953 7 Police Badio Work COMMUNICATIONS f .­1:­1 Coordinated From e _­mi.,.. AND RECORDS One Central System

Orange County, Calif., has a police radio system Ana. The physical plant consists of the main which serves the county sheriff's office, 13 munici- building, a converted surplus army structure pal police departments, and the following addi- having about 4,000 square feet of floor space, and tional agencies: the Orange County Squad of the auxiliary buildings. California Highway Patrol, California Division Besides housing the administrative offices, the of Forestry (fire protection services outside in- main building contains an auxiliary emergency corporated areas), seven municipal fire depQ.rt- gasoline­powered unit of ] 5­kilowatt capacity and ments, county fire districts, humane officers, fish enough gasoline for a long period of continuous and game wardens, constables, life guard services, use, a shop for installing equipment in mobile the highway maintenance division of the county vehicular units, facilities for general maintenance road department, and cooperating Federal agen- of all radio and technical equipment, and adequate cies in the local area. This system has been fur- bench space for all maintenance and repair work. nishing a coordinated radio service to all law It is completely equipped with power tools. enforcement agencies in Orange County since The main building also houses a machine shop March 1934. Recipient agencies serve in an ad- for metalworking and structural work and a visory capacity to the county board of supervisors, storage room for supplies and spare parts. All which controls the system. standard transmitters, microwave transmitters, monitoring receivers for local and outside law Personnel enforcement agencies, a direct wire communica- Mr. W. E. "Bud" Whiteman, chief technician, tions system, and the main controls for each of supervises the system's maintenance and traffic. these are kept here, as well as the State and county A staff of five technicians build and maintain police teletype system controls. equipment, while six dispatchers handle the traffic. A conference room with a seating capacity of The dispatchers' duties are: about 50 serves as a classroom for the system's A. Monitor all transmissions by law enforce- employees and a meeting place for the local ama- ment agencies served. teur radio operators' club. The work of the ama- B. Monitor all transmissions by mobile units teurs is thereby coordinated in order that their of law enforcement agencies served. radio units may be utilized in case of disaster or C. Monitor transmissions of law enforcement emergency. agencies in surrounding counties and furnish in- At the time the headquarters building was ob- formation obtained to interested local law enforce- tained, the foundation and floors were so designed ment officers and mobile units. that the entire wiring system was placed in floor D. Operate State and county police teletype wells, subsequently covered with metal plates. systems. This arrangement makes the wiring system easily E. Control and operate the direct wire inter- accessible for maintenance and installation pur- communication system between each and all major poses. law enforcement agencies in Orange County. Other buildings located at headquarters consist F. During emergencies or disasters, the dis- of two quonset huts, used for storing emergency patcher at headquarters assumes complete control transmitting equipment including a mobile emer- of aU transmissions and directs the operations of gency truck and trailer containing transmitting the mobile units of each of the law enforcement equipment, a complete woodworking shop where agencies. desks, cabinets, and other furnishings are made, All equipment and controls are located at the a small building containing remote monitor re- system's headquarters on the outskirts of Santa ceivers, and another building, complete with kit­

8 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN chen facilities, built to serve as living quarters for employees in event of emergencies. A steel tower, containing the antenna for t~e amplitude modulation Viz kilowatt transmitter, IS also located on the grounds of the· main head• quarters.

A.uxiliary Plants In addition to the equipment found at Santa Ana, the radio system has several auxiliary plants. One, a relay station housed in a brick building, contains mobile-type receivers and repeater trans• mitters. It was the first relay station set up by the system and is located in the Modjeska Canyon at a 3,000-foot elevation. The mobile receiver feeds a transmission into a repeater transmitter after receiving it from the main station. The message is then retransmitted, covering a much greater area because of the height of the tower at this station. The Modjeska Can• yon relay station also contains an emergency Max Elliott, technician (lelt) and W. E. Whiteman, chiel technician, in Iront 01 one 01 the quonset huts. power unit, which operates automatically should commercial power fail. The system also maintains small portable trans• The principal relay station of the system is mitting and receiving sets for use in surveillances, located in a quonset hut atop Santiago Peak, 22 terrain searches, and emergency uses. air miles southeast of headquarters. Set up at an The system's main transmitter operates on a fre• elevation of over 5,700 feet, it is located at the quency of 2,490 kilocycles with an input power highest point in the area served by the system. of 11!z kilowatts. It is of the amplitude modu• The equipment here consists of mobile type re• lation type. The mobile units located in the ceivers on amplitude modulation and frequency vehicles of the serviced agencies have AM-type modulation frequencies, repeater transmitters receivers which pick up the 2,490-kilocycle trans• which receive transmissions from the main station mlS~lOns. They also have AM- and/or FM-type through the receivers at the site and repeat or re• tram;mitters. The AM mobile units transmit on broadcast the message, and microwave facilities. A 10-kilowatt power plant with automatic switches, operating automatically in the event of power failure, is located here. All equipment is fully automatic, operating without personal upervision. Since the relay station at Santiago Peak is often isolated during inclement weather and can be approached only by a fire trail, two jeeps were acquired to transport maintenance personnel to it. Should the Santiago Peak relay station fail, the relay station at Modjeska Canyon can take over its duties. In addition to the relay stations listed, an emer• gency I-kilowatt spare transmitter and receiver with appropriate monitoring facilities is located George Lillis, control dispatcher, seated at the main on top of the Orange County sheriff's office in control panel and lacing the main transmitter 01 the Santa Ana, with emergency power equipment. system.

MAY 1953 9 24 295-53-2 mitter by pushing a button when they desire to transmit a message to one or more of their mobile A units. ., Law enforcement agencies not having direct lines to the headquarters of the system have mo• bile-type transmitter units at their control point. Dispatchers in these agencies transmit messages to be given to their vehicles directly to the dis• patcher at the system's headquarters. The dis• patcher then transmits the message to the agencies' Main headquarters building of the Orange County Police vehicles. Radio System. Note microwave antenna on top. The main transmitter controls are so con• structed that only one department may transmit at a frequency of 37.34 megacycles and the FM­type a time. When one remote control point is trans• transmitters operate on a frequency of 37.42 mitting, all other similar stations are locked out megacycles. until it leaves the air. This construction avoids Local agencies receiving the service possess confusion and garbling on the air. their own mobile transmitting and receiving equip• A direct wire interdepartmental communica• ment plus any control equipment they may have tions system has been installed. by the Orange at their local control group center or desk. This County Police Radio System. It is composed of equipment is installed and serviced by the Orange a network of lines between the 5ystem, the sheriff's County Police Radio System. office, nine police departments, and the California To help solve the maintenance problem pre• Highway Patrol. The master controls of this sented by nearly 300 radio-equipped vehicles, a system are located at the main facility. walk-in delivery truck obtained by the police Each agency having a direct line connection is radio system was equipped with work bench, stor• equipped with an individual control located on age drawers, light power equipment, testing equip• the dispatcher's desk. To contact anyone else on ment and a complete set of electric and hand the network, a dispatcher presses a button to estab- .. tools. It makes on-the-spot repairs within its area lish contact with the main dispatcher and asks ., of operations. him for one or more of the other departments having the same connection. The main dispatcher Direct Line Communications makes the connection by throwing the appropriate switch or switches. The major police agencies in Orange County have Individuals using the line can talk back and direct lines from the dispatching control point in forth by pressing a button. The lines in this sys• their departments to the main transmitter of the tem are the same lines that local law enforcement 5ystem. These agencies activate the main trans- agencies use for activating the main transmitter when sending to their mobile units. A department desiring information from an agency not on the direct wire interdepartmental communications system requests the main dispatcher by direct wire to secure the desired information from the agency not on the direct wire by direct radio transmission.

High Frequency A high frequenc} network of police communica• tions systems known as the inter5ystem network, links all major police agencies from Ventura, Calif., south to San Diego, and east to the Ari• zona line. The police departments of Los Angeles, Interior view of the mobile truck with transmitter and Ventura, Pasadena, San Diego, Pomona, Long receiver equipment installed. Beach, and Orange County are tied into this net-

10 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN work, as well as the sheriff's offices in Los Angeles County, Riverside County and El Centro. The Los Angeles Division of the California Highway Patrol is al 0 a member of the intersystem net• work. Other metropolitan areas contemplate joining the intersystem network within the near future. The Orange County Police Radio System owns and installed the main repeater tram,mitter for the intersystem network. It is located at the prin• cipal relay station atop Santiago Peak. Mobile truck and trailer carrying the transmitting and Since it is on a high frequency, the intersystem receiving equipment and a self­contained power unit. network operates as a semiconfidential radio net. a four-wheel-drive truck. An attached trailer Member agencies use it, for example, to secure mounts a lO-kilowatt power unit. This truck• such information as vehicle registrations through trailer unit houses portable lighting equipment the California Highway Patrol. Its use for inter• as well as other emergency equipment. This unit agency communications leaves the main transmit• can be used at any time or place or while in motion. ter free to handle local communication and avoids It will function with mobile law enforcement cluttering up the air with information of no value equipment, even though all othE'l' communication to local departments and/ or mobile units. facilities are inoperative. The dispatcher at the Orange County head• This mobile unit has been used in the field for quarters is kept aware of activities beyond the directing vehicles engaged in fighting forest fires, county through the use of monitoring receivers. floods, searches for victims of mountain airplane In case of a major crime, disaster, or a hot pur• crashes, terrain searches for fugitives, and other suit, for instance, the dispatcher is then able to similar uses. alert neighboring agencies which may be in a posi• Operating directly at the scene of activity, the tion to lend assistance. He can direct the setting mobile unit dispatcher can efficiently correlate the up of road blocks and coordinate movements of actions of participating radio-equipped vehicles mobile units of the departments concerned. and individuals on foot who can be contacted by Should a disaster or emergency occur, the con• radio. Use of this unit permits the main trans• trol dispatcher at headquarters notifies appro• mitter to handle normal traffic. priate agencies in order that facilities under the mutual aid program can be activated. * * * LATENT FINGERPRINTS Microwave Network The Single Fingerprint Section handles latent print The Orange County Police Radio System is cur• work. Articles of evidence submitted by law enforce• rently installing an intercounty microwave net• ment agencies are processed for the development of work, operating on a frequency of 954 megacycles. latent impressions in the Single Fingerprint Section. This network offers multiple advantages. Micro• In addition, photographs, negatives, and lifts of latents wave is not affected by flood, strife, or disaster; are scrutinized for prints of value for identification it surmounts the difficulties which prohibit direct purposes. Photographs of the prints of value are al• wire communications with remote departments; ways prepared for the FBI's files and are available for its use will link remote agencies with the interde• comparisons for an indefinite period. Should the law partmental communications system; and micro• enforcement agency desire additional comparisons it wave, because of its very high frequency, offers need only advise the FBI Identification Division, at• almost the same security as direct wire connec• tention Single Fingerprint Section, and either name or tions. submit the prints of the new suspect. It is not neces• Orange County has m reserve mobile and sary to resubmit the evidence. When necessary, a emergency equipment for use in case stationary fingerprint expert will testify in local court as to his communications facilities should be rendered findings. Should a department have any special prob• inoperable. lems involvi'lg the development or preservation of fin• A 500-watt transmitter and receivers capable of gerprints at a crime scene, the experts can give operating on various frequencies were installed in suggestions.

MAY 1953 11 Strict Traffic Law Enforcement TRAFFIC Wins IACP Award by CAPT. CHARLES S. Fox, Di1'ector, Traffic Divi• sion, Bloomington, Ind., Police Department.

Traffic law enforcement plays a very heavy part where he wishes. He fails to consider that his in the daily work of the police officer and every action, again t the rules of safe driving, may cause other citizen of this country of ours today. The inconvenience-property damage-injury-even way in which it is handled can make or break our death, to himself or to other people. complete law enforcement program. The reason for this line of thinking is that traffic law en• Job Analysis forcement is the most readily visible enforcement we have. It starts with enforcement of the lowly Our traffic officers need to know what actions violation and progresses through the against the rules are occurring most frequently hazardous . We believe con• and thus causing or contributing to the traffic ac• scientiolls work in the field can cidents of our own localities. They must know and will eliminate many violations of the hazard• how to enforce the law, also when and where their ous moving type, also that it may cut down some work will be most important. For these reasons activities of a criminal nature. A rigid parking we et up accident location maps, also violation enforcement policy indicates that the police are and arrest maps. Along this same line we make really interested in the enforcement programs of out time of day and day of week graphs for acci• their city. Besides the psycholpgical effect, it is dents and for arrests. If the enforcement pro• a means of putting officers on streets which would gram is effective, the pins on the arrest maps be patrolled less frequently if laxity of parking should coincide with the pins on the accident enforcement wei'e allowed. For these reasons we maps-if the program is correct, the curves on the place the fair and impartial enforcement of park• arrest graphs should coincide with the curves on ing regulations high on our list of traffic activities. the accident graphs. The difficulties experienced in the traffic field The informative maps and graphs should be come partly from our many and varied regula• posted where officers can study them at any time, tions, and partly from the fact that the average and should be kept current. Officers find this in• driver want· to do 'what he wishes, when and teresting and they will do their utmost to make the activity successful. Itis also quite important to make periodic speed checks of the informational type, not only in high accident locations but also in areas having a high accident potential. By this latter term we mean the school and church zones, where there is con• centrated pedestrian traffic, and the industrial dis• tricts where loading and unloading of passengers are particularly heavy. These periodic surveys will show where a little extra preventive patrol may save a lot of work later on. 'Ve must always consider the fact that good traffic arrests playa large part in our accident pre• vention program, also that these arrests should not be made merely for the sake of making arrests. Capt. Charles S. Fox (left) watches as Robert A. O'Nedl, It is not necessary to "billboard" or otherwise hide then Superintendent of the , presents the IACP Traffic Award for 1951 to Chief John Y. Axsom out in order to make or keep a high enforcement (right) of the Bloomington, 'nd., Police Department. record. Quite contrary to that line of thinking,

12 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN during the years 1948 through 1951 our squad cars Policewomen and motorcycles were painted a brilliant "Federal Yellow" and otherwise definitely designated as For Traffic Duty police equipment. Our men have always been in• The problem of handling traffic at school cross• structed to work in the open only, as we believe ings and otherwise safeguarding school age chil• violation prevention is as effective as arrests in the dren is an important one in most city police de• over-all accident prevention program. During partments. Chief of Police C. A. Hollingsworth the year 1951 our officers carried out the program of Greenville, Miss., believes the best solution lies well enough to win first place in the nation for in hiring women to perform these special duties. ritie. in the 25,000 to 50,000 population group, as The principal difficulties involved in this prob• showlI by an award from the r. A. C. P., for traffic lem in Greenville were the resentment of regular la w enforcement. officers toward the school crossing assignment and the lopsided shifts necessary to provide sufficient No Letup personnel during school hours, since uniformed officers were required at the crossings approxi• We believe in the rigid, impartial, sustained pro• mately 4 hours a day. A Safety Patrol composed gram of enforcement. The "get tough" policy of of school children had certain disadvantages and making a week's intensive "drive" on traffic vio• met with only partial success. lations, then coasting along perhaps a month doing As an experiment, on September 1, 1950, Chief next to nothing is definitely of no value in our Hollingsworth employed the first uniformed traffic era. This type of work does little except policewoman at Greenville for school crossing create a general feeling of contempt for the police. duty. This solution proved to be so successful Plan your work in such a manner, and with a that seven more have since been added. degree of intensity which your men can sustain, In an effort to find suitable applicants and in so that your program operates every day through• order that each of the policewomen employed out the year. Any letdown of enforcement, even might be assigned to a school near her residence, for a week, will damage the entire program, so do the assistance of the Greenville Parent-Teachers not try to set up a program which you cannot Association was sought. Each policewoman has maintain constantly. a child or children attending the school near which We feel that the traffic law enforcement program she gua rds the crossings. can be made more thorough by proper use of the The primary responsibility of the policewomen press and radio facilities. Publicize your plans, is to escort children across the street and to slow then use frequent releases to let the people know traffic in the . The policewomen are how the plan is working out. Have your monthly (Oontinued on page 16) activity reports published in plain and simple fashion so the people will know not only how much activity is going on, but also how this is influencing the overall traffic accident picture.

Driver Training

In conclusion, let us urge your wholehearted sup• port and cooperation with the driver training programs of your local high schools. Put the in• structor on your mailing list for copies of all your accident and enforcement summaries and bul• letins. The instructors will be happy t() 'I"e the intormatlOn you send them, and will do so to great advantage. Remember that the kids in those classes today will be the safety leaders tomorrow. Help start them off in the right direction, and a lot of tomorrow's traffic law enforcement prob• lems will be solved before we get to them. Greenville's policewom en. MAY 1953 13 Midget Basketball Curbs Delinquency CRIME REVENTION in North Tonawanda by PATIUCK F . GRIl\lALDI, Ohief of Police North Tonawanda, N. r. The North Tonawanda, New York, Police Depart• ticipating in the league each boy mllst have the ment, like many another progressive police organi• consent of his parents. Uniforms are supplied zation, has its police athletic league, designed to through the cooperation of busilfes organizations combat juvenile delinquency. Our plan, however, and club in North Tonawanda. Each team is start with athletic competition for boys under ponsor'ed by such an organization and it must 12 yer.rs of age. Our motto here in North Tona• be one with a good reputation in the community. wanda is "Get them young and train them right." Each team is completely outfi tted with uni• The North Tonawanda Boys Basketball League forms, sweaters, basketball and miscellaneous was started in 1951 with the cooperation of recrea• equipment by the sponsoring organization. The tion Director William "P op" Ramsay. This total cost of sponsoring a team in the league has league was originally composed of eight teams for been estimated at approximately $60 pel' year. boys 8 to 12 year of age, and approximately 100 The league meets each Saturday morning and at boys participated in the fi rst year of competition. the end of the basketball season playoffs are hbld ' Ve now have 16 teams and over 150 boys are and a championship team is crowned. Following participating. the playoffs, the league holds a dinner for all A police officer who acts as coach and advisor participating teams at which awards are given has been assigned to each team. Prior to par- for the mo t valuable players and trophies are

Chief Patrick F. Grimaldi (fifth officer, reading left to right, rear row) and his officer. pose with the playing cap• tains of the 16 teams. Others sholon are R ecreation Director William Ramsa:r (extreme right, busine81 suit) and Assistant R ecreation Director Felix Siezega ( extreme left, back row). 14 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN awarded to the championship team. In addition, What Is A Boy? the spon or of the championship team holds a econd dinner for his team and awards them gold From, an address by the HONORABLE IIERBE1

MAY 1953 15 is today widely separated from Mother Earth and growths. Somebody will say morals are the job all her works, except the weather. The outlet of of parents. The better the parents are, the better curiosity in exploring the streams and the fields the morals; the worse they are, the greater our is closed to him. The mysteries of birds and bees problem. But the best of parents cannot keep him and fish are denied to him. indoors all the time. And the world in the The normal boy is a primitive animal and takes streets is a distorted and dangerous world, which to competition and battle. In the days before our the parents cannot make or unmake. So it be• civilization became so perfect, he matched his wits comes a job of public concern. with the bees, the birds and the fish. If he cannot But there is more than that. The fine quallw~s find battle with animal or plant life in zoos or of loyalty to the pack, competition with violent parks; if he doesn't contend with nature, he is zeaI yet without bi tterness, the restraints that likely to take on contention with a policeman. cover the rights of others-these are the spirit of And yet we cannot restore many of the constructi ve sportsmanship. They are not so good on the joys in a land of cement and bricks. pavements. For here the pack turns to the gang, where his superabundant vitality leads him to The Problem depredation. And here we make gangsters and feed jails. This is a marginal problem. It concerns only a minority of boys. And I may state generally that POLICEWOMEN if the American people would only realize that our (Oontinued from page 13) national problems are all marginal problems of unarmed and, while they do not WrIte traffic sum· eliminating evil, correcting abuse and building up manses, should a traffic violation come to their the weak, rather than the legerdemain of Utopia, attention they note the license number of the of• we would make more progress. I dislike to refer fender or stop him to obtain his name and later to these boys as "underprivileged." That is only appear in police court to testify, if necessary. a half­truth. The government provides even the The policewomen receive $75 per month marginal city boys with better facilities for educa• throughout the year, plus their uniforms. When tion and better protection of health than any other school is not in session they are assigned to the government in the world. And we are today do• city park areas. ing a better job of these things than ever before in The policewomen enforce the school crossing our history. Far less than his grandfather does regulations remarkably well and receive better he suffer from mumps and measles; more quickly cooperation from motorists than the male police do we heal his fractures. Far less does he have to officers. In answer to a number of inquiries con• endure stench and filth. And the electric light cerning the feasibility of using policewomen at has banished the former curse of all boys, of clean• school crossings, Chief Hollingsworth states that ing lamps and everlastingly carrying them about. he considers their use to be by far the most eco• The light switch has driven away the goblins that nomical and satisfactory solution to the school lived in dark corners and under the bed. It crossing problem. clothes drab streets with gaiety and cheer by night. And it is the attraction of these bright lights that increases our problem. Position of Trust There are other p'rivileges that the most lowly The FBI received a civil-service fingerprint card of them have. It is a privilege to have been born on a man applying for the position of warehouse• in America. They live under a representative man in a Government establishment. These government where they have more opportunity of prints were identified in the Identification Divi• becoming a mayor or a policeman or an editor or sion as being identical with those of an individual even a banker than in any other country. So they \V ho had been arrested on various charges includ• have some privileges. ing larceny of domestic animals, stealing a mule, But we are concerned with the privileges which theft of mule by conversion, forgery, and larceny this civilization has taken away; and the particular of domestic fowls. It was interesting to note that ones with which we are concerned bear on his lhe applicant stated on his civil-service fingerprint character and moral stature. Now this brick and curd that he had never been arrested for any cement foundation of life is a hard soil for these reason whatsoever.

16 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN Artist~s Drawing and a Wax Dummy OTHER TOPICS Ide••tify a Bobber ldentification of suspects through the use of The younger man nimbly climbed up and over artist's drawings based on descriptions given by the 7- foot cage enclosure, gun till in uloved hand. witne es is a technique which may warrant more He bound the cashier· ankles and hands behind frequent u e in law enforcement. The followinu her with adhe ive tape as she lay face down on the story of an actual case hows how this method bank floor. In less than 5 minutes the men me• of identifying the subject was used to good ad• thodically tuffed a canvas bag with 50,6 2- all vantage. in paper money. 'Warm up the car, 'wa the order the younger Bank Robbery bandit leader gave to the older man. Then he in-. quired of the cashier when "the boy" would be At 12: 20 p. m. on April 17, 1952, the noon quiet back. Fearing "the boy," her brother, would re• of the Leaksville, N. C., bank was interrupted when turn from his lunch about the time the gunman the cashier looked down the "business end" of a walked from the bank, and knowing he would revolver held by a determined looking young come to her rescue and po sibly be shot, she quickly bandit who said, "Lady, do like we tell you and answered, "You must hurry, he will be back soon." you won't get hurt." I The cashier was found several minutes later in As she glanced around, the cashier heard a click a hy terical condition. North Carolina State at the front door. A second and older man was HiglnnlY patrolmen, Virginia tate patrolmen, standing at the front door pulling the cord to the sheriffs and deputy sheriffs of Rockingham and venetian blind. The click had been the door being nearby counties, Special Agents of the FBI and locked from the inside. She was alone. all nearby local police departments went into ac-

Wade Darnell Hamlin. Artist's conception 01 the bank robber. MAY 1953 17 A. Portrait Despite her harrowing experience the cashier, the A only witness to the crime, was able to give a com­ _ plete description of the robbers. From the hun• dreds of photographs exhibited she picked five as having some resemblance to the bandits. When asked if he could put her description and impres• sions on paper, she agreed to assist an artist. A commercial artist of Leaksville, well-known at east coast summer resorts for his photographic sketches, agreed to work with the witness in mak• ing a witness-artist conception of the two robbers_ Using as a basis for his work the five photographs picked by the witness as having some resemblance to the bandits, the artist began his sketch. After a number of "rehashes," the witness glanced back at the drawings and in a frightened tone ex• claimed, "That's him, the man who held a gun on me." Of the drawing of the bandit who stood by the door and pulled the venetian blind, the witness enthusiastically stated, "The drawing looks like that man." Local police officers recalled that a local morti• cian had done some amazing make-up likenesses in wreck cases. Using the artist's drawings, the mortician molded in wax the likeness of the first gunman. A store window mannequin of the cor• rect height completed the model. The witness, .. with officers, made the rounds of various stores and • picked out the robber's clothing-a pair of blue denim pants, a red sport corduroy coat, multicol• ored socks, brown shoes, and a grey felt hat turned up at front and back. His hair, the witness said, had been reddish blond, like that of a local truck driver. She had, in fact, mistaken him for the truck driver when she had first seen him with his back toward her only seconds before the robbery occurred. The truck driver graciously lent a large cutting of his reddish blond hair. A master dye man at a nearby rug mill was assigned the task of dupli• cating the reddish blond hair. The witness, as definite in her perception of colors as in her other observations, was amazed when she saw the "hair" made from hairlike rug wool fibres.

1dentification 'Life-sized figure of bank robber as prepared in wax by Photographs of the artist's sketches and the the mortician dummy were displayed at various places. An ob• tion. Road blocks were set up but there was no servant guard at a prison camp near Leaksville, immediate positive description of the get­a way viewing the artist's conception of the first gunman, car available and the bandits got away. identified the drawing as that of Wade Darnell

18 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN Hamlin, who had served a sentence in the prison net'dful to the efficiency, ht'alth. and wclfare of the Army, camp. This identification corroborated other the N:l\·Y, or tlte Air FO"ce and shall de ·ignate and publish information previously received. in general ordel's or hulletins, whoe,'cr engages in pro ti• tution or aid or abets prostitution or procures or solicits w~s A photograph of the suspected bank.robber for purpost's of pro titution, or k('('ps or et up a house obtained from the Durham, N. C., PolIce Depart• of ill fame, brothel or bawdy house, or receives any person ment. When the bank ca hier was shown this for purpo~t' " of lewdness, a ·· signation, or pro titution into photograph, she became hysterical. She was posi• any '"ehicle, con'eyance. place, structure, or building or tive that Hamlin was the leader of the bank rob• permits any person to remain for the purpose of lewdness, aSSignation, or prostitution in any Yehicle, con,eyance, bers. Known friends of the suspect were ques• place, structure, or huilding or leases or rent or contracts tioned and the evidence began pouring in. It was to lease or rent any vehicle, conveyance, place, structure learned that he had~tly been to New Yo~k or building, 01' part thcreof, knowing or with good reason in company with some of his friends and had dIS• to know that it is intended to be usee construed as conferring on the officers and released to Federal authorities. personnel of the D epartments of the A1'lnY, Navy, 01" Ai/' Fo/·ce or the Federal Security Agency any authority to Conviction make Cl"iminal investigations, searches, eizures, or arrest of ch·ilians charge

MAY 1953 19 corp orates the joint agreement on Armed Forces publicly declare to be subject to the provisions of Disciplinary Control Boards, specifying that the the May Act. Boards are an agency that the commander can use 4. Desi(J'nation of A?·ea,~.-If the special report in combating vice conditions detrimental to mem- referred to in paragraph 3b, together with the bers of his command. other available information, indicates the existence 3. Procediu:re: of a condition harmful to the efficiency, health, (/1l) Installation commanders are responsible and welfare of Air Force per onnel at the specified for determining when prostitution in areas ad- installation, which cannot be locally corrected, the jacent to their installation is having a material Secretary of the Air Force will designate and adverse effect on the efficiency, health and welfare publish in Department of the Air Force Orders, of Air Force personnel. The first step is to ap- the specific area or areas adjacent to the installa- proach the local civilian authorities with a view tion where it shall be unlawful to engage in prosti- toward eliminating these conditions. tution, or otherwise aid or abet same as described (0) If local cooperative measures are not ef- in the act of Congress referred to in paragraph 1. fective, the local installation commander will sub- 5. Limitation of Authority.-Nothing in this mit a written report to his major air commander regulation shall be construed as conferring on the setting forth the conditions of prostitution near personnel of the Air Force any authority to make his installation, the steps he has taken to combat criminal investigations, searches, seizures, or them, and a request for a special report of prosti- arrests of civilians charged with the violation of tution in the specific area adjacent to the air the act of Congress referred to in paragraph 1. installation. Such requests will be evaluated by As stated by Maj. Gen. Joseph V. Dillon, the the major air commander, and when warranted, Air Proyost Marshal, "The Air Force realizes that referred to the appropriate regional director of combating vice conditions detrimental to service the Federal Security Agency, who, under exist- personnel depends upon close cooperation between ing arrangements will conduct a special investiga- civilian law enforcement agencies and the military. tion, and forward a report of prostitution to the This point is firmly stressed in the new regulation major air commander concerned. where every opportunity is presented for settling (0) If the regional director's report to the vice conditions locally between the commander and major air commander supports the findings of the the civilian law enforcement officials." local installation commander, the major air com- The May Act does not in any way abrogate or mander will send the report to the installation displace the White Slave Traffic Act under which commander and direct him to consult again with it is a Federal crime to transport any female per- the local authorities, informing them of the gen- son in interstate or foreign commerce for prostitu- eral contents of the report, and advising them of tion, debauchery, or other immoral purpose. the action in d; below, which will be taken if the The May Act was originally enacted as emer- unfavorable conditions are not corrected. gency wartime legislation in July 1941, and was (d) If the local civil authorities fail to correct made permanent legislation by the 79th Congress the conditions inimical to the health and welfare in Title 18, U. S. C., Section 1384, effective Sep- of Air Force personnel within a reasonable period tember 1, 1948. The act has previously been in- of time after they have been informed of the con- voked (and later rescinded) at Camp Forrest, tents of the report, the local installation com- Tenn., and Fort Bragg, N. C. It is inoperative mander will inform the major air commander, at the present time but may be invoked again by who will submit a letter to The Inspector General, the Secretary of the Army, Navy or Air Force. USAF, Headquarters USAF, containing: 1. A statement of conditions which are inimical * * * to the efficiency, health, and welfare of his com- ASSAULTING OR KILLING A mand, including the report of the regional director FEDERAL OFFICER of the Federal Security Agency. 2. A narrative report of the efforts which have A Federal statute classifies as an offense the killing been made to cause the local authorities to correct or assaulting of anyone of a specified group of Fed· such conditions. eral officers who are engaged in their regular duties 3. A recommendation regarding the specific area or who are killed or assaulted as a result of their reg· or areas which the Secretary of the Air Force shall ular duties.

20 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN The Air Foree Mortuary a result of yiolent, unusual or abnormal circum• Affairs Program tances. In uch cases Department of Defen e re~ulation tate that the nearest military instal• by KENKETlI R. HAVENS, Ohief.lIfemorial Branch lation will be respon ible for the recovery, identi• Ai?' F01'ce Service.s Divi8ion fication, cnre and di po ition of all military per• sonnel. regardles of the department or a igned .\.pproximately 2 years ago the Department of home station. t11e Air Force assumed the functions incident to 1ilitary authorities have facilities and pro• the care and disposition of its own deceased per• cedure at their dispo al to locate the next of kin sonnel. which. formerly, were performed for the quickly and to advise them 011 all detail incident Air Force by the Quarterma tel' Corp, Depart• to funeral arrangements. These include prepa• ment of the .\rmy. ·When the Air Force became ration, shipment and interment, and likewise a eparate department, it was realized that the the monetary re ponsibilitie a sumed by the new arm mu t a ume, aloner with it other re• go,·ernment. spon ibilities, the care of its own deceased. Such The .\.ir Force recognize its re ponsibility of a program was placed under the control of the complying with existing public laws, local ordi• Dil'ector of Supply and Materiel, Headquarters, nances and procedures. In this connection, how• S.\F, and in order to' develop the technical areas ever, it hould be noted that frequently claims the Commanding General, Air fateriel Com• against the ..Air Force han been ubmitted by mand, was assigned the respon ibility. He, in funeral directors who have included charges for turn, delegated this work to the Memorial Branch, profe sional :5ervice incident to an autopsy. To Air Force Service Division, which is staffed by a"oid misunderstandings, the definite policy of technical and administrative personnel, all highly the Comptroller General on this subject is that qualified within the specialized fields of mortuary costs incident to an inque t or autopsy ordered by cience. civil authorities (medical examiner, coroner, etc.) The policy of the Air Force regarding care and for the purpose of a civil report or determination disposition of remains is twofold: first, to insure do not constitute an obligation on the part of the proper and reverent handling of deceased Air government. Force personnel; second, to render every possible If positive identification of decea ed Air Force assistance to the families of the deceased. Every• personnel cannot be readily accomplished, the one throughout the Air Force whose a signed neare t Air Force installation i directed to com• duties include these activitie is charged with municate with the Memorial Branch, Air Force the respon ibility of rendering all possible serv• Serv-ice Division, ·Wrierht-Patterson Air Force ices to the family, as ,yell as to the body of the Base, , where identification specialists are deceased. They keep in mind a statement made a va ilabIe on a 2-1-hour basis. Following such a by Gladstone: call, the Memorial Branch will immediately dis• "Show me the manner in which a nation or patch the e men to render technical assistance to community cares for its dead, and I will measure identify positively all personnel invohed. When with mathematical exactness the tender sym• military and civilians are involved in a common pathies of its people, their respect for the laws accident the Air Force identification specialist of the land and thE;ir loyalty to high ideals." will be pleased to assist in the identification of all In order to perpetuate those ideals, the Air personnel. Force has continually attempted to provide all In order to avoid possible misunderstanding personnel in the operating field with the proper regarding the release to the pres of names of tools, guidance and assistance. Likewise, in view deceased personnel involved in a disaster, the of the relative newness of the Air Force mortuary following Department of Defense directive was program and to implement thi. r()li~y, the _\"ir pu.blished Lj the Secretary of Defense on 22 Force desires to contact all law enforcement October 1952: agencies which, upon occasion, may investigate deaths involving Air Force personnel. Release of information concerning military personnel inyolyed in accidents: The necessity for uch coordination is especially I. Parpose of this directive is to establish uniform De• evident when the death of a member of the armed partment of Defense policy on the release of information forces occurs away from a military reservation as (Continued on in~ide back cover)

MAY 1953 21 Maul Officers Build Dale Maka'i The Maui Police Relief Association, Wailuku, To the right of the main hall is the 18- by 15-foot Maui, T. H., recognizing the need for training as kitchen with service counter openings for both the well as recreation facilities for the Maui County social hall and lanai. Police Department, built Hale Maka'i (House of To the left of the main room is a 30- by 26-foot Policemen), which was dedicated in August 1952. room known as the clubroom. Three pool tables The building is a one­story frame construction and comfortable lounge chairs are available for the with overall dimensions of 125 by 45 feet, which use of the police officers and their guests. Far• includes a 15­foot lanai (porch) running the full ther to the left of the club room and at the end length of the building. In front of the building is of the building is a dormitory 30 by 15 feet. It a 175­foot paved area, which will be used for bas• is equ.ipped with comfortable beds and an adjoin• ketball, volleyball and parking space. The view ing shower room for the use of visiting officers from the lanai looks toward a 30-position covered who might attend shooting matches. target range. Most of the materials for the building were sal• The sweep of the roof over the lanai is referred vaged from former military installations which to as being "Hawaiian" style and the open lanai were turned over to either the county or the Terri• lends itself to Hawaiian outdoor living. tory at the end of World War II. County jail The main social hall in the center of the build• prisoners helped to dismantle these buildings and ing is 30 feet wide and 69 feet long. It has been the material was stored until January of 1951, named the Frank Kong Recreational Hall in mem• when construction of Hale Maka'i actually started. ory of the officer of the same name, who was killed The planning and construction of the building in a recent jail break. This room will also playa were carried out by the officers themselves, includ• large part in the training and retraining of police ing Chief Jean Lane and Assistant Chief Andy officers. The room not only affords excellent Freitas. Technical assistance as well as the facilities for lectures, demonstrations and the "know how" was voluntarily provided, when working out of practical problems, but now makes needed, by the various trade unions. Some finan• it possible to use motion pictures and slides in the cial help for the purchase of portions of the ma• training program. The target range is easily terials and incidentals, which could not be sal• accessible from this space by walking across the vaged, was provided by some of the residents of paved parking area. Maui.

Hale Maka'i.

22 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN Each day during the period of construction, the work crew was made up of about 20 to 30 officers. Those having days off would work all day while officers on night duty managed to put in at least 4 or 5 hours each day. As an example of the volume of work these men produced, in one 3­day period the officers poured 5,600 square feet of concrete. The officers of the Maui County Police not only constructed the building incorporating the above facilities but, in addition, built some very fine Philippine mahogany furniture to adorn it. The Maui Police Relief Association, which was responsible for Hale Maka i, has two sources of in• Police Headquarter., Ora,ngeburg, S. C. come. Funds realized through an annual benefit dance are funneled into the officers' insurance Orangeburg officers also have a new recreation fund. Fees from the service of civil papers pro• camp located 7 miles from headquarters on the vide the second source of revenue. From a com• South Edisto River. It is a block and frame bination of these funds and the full cooperation building with a large screened porch, an assembly and wholehearted participation by all officers on room big enough to seat 50 persons at a meal, 1 the Maui County Police Department, "Hale bedroom, a bath and kitchen. An open shed and Maka'i is now a reality." a pit for cooking have been added on the outside. A pavilion will also be built for the Police Boys Club. Poliee Buildings In The camp is essentially a community project. Plans of the Police Recreation Club originally ~. Orangeburg, s. called for a simple shelter with cooking and eating Sheriff's offices and police departments with in• facilities but news of the project brought offers of adequate physical facilities may find a solution assistance from all over the city. Local merchants in the method used by Chief of Police T . E . Salley, donated much of the necessary materials, construc• of Orangeburg, S. C., to solve a similar problem. tion crews were made available on a cost basis and An entirely new set of quarters was obtained by the city and county engineering departments did adding a suitable extension to the old building. a weatherproofing job on the old logging road The original building was in two stories, with a leading to the camp. Other citizens made many cell block on the first and a courtroom and office voluntary contributions despite the fact that on the second. This met most of the needs of the solicitation by officers and their families was five officers working in 1928, but was found to be strictly forbidden. inadequate for a staff of 26 in 1951. The camp is operated by the P olice Recreation Following authorization by the city council, old Club, to which all officers belong. Monthly dues buildings adjoining police headquarters were ac• are $2 pel' member. quired and the new addition was started in May 1951. When completed in November, the new part was equipped to handle the police needs in a community of 21,000 and became the central police office. A booking and squad room, public lobby, desk sergeant's office and cell rooms are located on the first floor. Separate rooms for interviews, identification. photogrRphil' work !1nd offices for the chief of police, traffic lieutenant and detective lieutenant are on the second floor. The office space in the old building has been reserved for inter• views and use by visiting officers. The new facilities were built at an approximate cost of $12,000. Police recreation camp.

MAY 1953 23 W ANTED BY THE FBI death of an elderly prison guard. On June 25, 1948, Taylor, in company with another prisoner, David Dallas Taylor, with aliases: Clyde Ander- escaped from the 'Walker County Jail, Jasper, son, Joe Blake, Johnnie Cole, Gene Crockett, Ala., where he was serving a 2-year term on grand James Franks, Charles Gilmore, Jimmie Gleen, larceny charges. During the course of the escape, Bill Harrington, Leroy Hilton, Dan Kilgore, Rob- a prison guard was killed by a blow on the head ert H. Lewis, Don Mullins, Ray Pitts, Charles J. with a weight in the end of a stocking. Raymond, Bill Sharrow, William Utley, "Jack," Apprehended shortly after this escape, Taylor "Srun," and others. was prosecuted on charges of second degree mur• der and larceny. In an apparent effort to obtain leniency, Taylor, a veteran, introduced military discharge papers during the trial to show he had served with honor in the United States Army and had suffered wounds in combat. A subse• quent examination of these papers by the FBI Laboratory determined that the papers contained numerous erasures and alterations. Taylor was convicted of second degree murder and sentenced to a term of 20 years. He also received an addi• tional sentence of 12 years on the larceny charge. On August 7, 1950, in his second escape, Taylor and another inmate fled from the Atmore, Ala., Prison Farm in the dump truck to which they were assigned. Pursued by prison guards, the fugitives abandoned the truck and fled on foot. In the en• suing search, conducted with the aid of prison dogs, Taylor's companion was captured but Taylor remained at large. Prison authorities, learning that Taylor had been in Arkansas immediately following this escape, requested the assistance of the FBI in locating him. On November 21, 1950, a com• plaint was filed before the United States Com• Unlawful Flight to A.void Confinement missioner at Mobile, Ala., charging Taylor with unlawful flight from the State of Alabama to (Murder) avoid confinement dter conviction for the crime On September 1, 1952, David Dallas Taylor, a of murder. fugitive being returned to Alabama prison au• Shortly after his escape from the Atmore Prison thorities following his apprehension in Chicago, Farm, Taylor sought refuge in Memphis, Tenn., Ill., as an escaped convict, leaped from a train in where he assumed the name of Johnnie Cole. Birmingham, Ala., while handcuffed and under While in Memphis, he met, married and deserted guard. Following this spectacular escape, Tay• a girl, all in the space of a few weeks. At the lor' fourth, the handcuffs and the red shirt he had same time he had a wife and two children in been wearing. were found in a nearby junk yard. Alabama. Subsequent investigation determined that Tay• With the brother of his second "wife," Taylor lor had fled the State of Alabama. On Sept. 18, struck out for Louisville, Ky., where, it was later 1952, a complaint was filed before a United States reported, the pair stole a number of payroll checks Commissioner at Birmingham, Ala., charging and a check writer from a construction company Taylor with a violation of Title 18, United States early in January 1951. Taylor allegedly forged Code, Section 1073, in that he fled from the State a series of these checks which were passed through• of Alabama to avoid confinement after conviction out the South and Midwest. On February 13, for the crime of murder. 1951, a complaint "'as filed before a United States The first of Taylor's four escapes re ulted in the Commis ioner at Louisville, Ky., charging the

24 FBI LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN forger known as Johnnie Cole wIth the interstate Notify FBI transportation of fraudulent and fictitious checks. During February and ~larch 1951, four more Any person having information which may assist fraudulent checks were ca hed in Miami, Fla. In in locating David Dallas Taylor is requested to April 1951, Taylor appeared in Indianapolis, Ind.. immediately notify the Director of the Federal with a new female companion and obtained em- Bureau of Investigation, United States Depart- ployment as a cook. Xot long thereafter, he dis- ment of Justice, "\Yashington 25, D. C., or the appeared from hi job, but returned on June 29, Special Agent in Charge of the Division of the 1951, to collect wages due him and was appre- FBI nearest his city. hended by Special Agents of the FBI. When ar- re ted, Taylor was in po session of an automobile AIR FORCE PROGRAM stolen in South Carolina. He admitted at this (Continued frOll~ page 21) time that he had ca heJ fictitious check totaling concerning military personnel involved in accidents within more than ~ 1,100 in Kentucky, Indiana, Missis- the continental United States. sippi, Tennessee, Arkan a , Texa , and . II. Accidents within armed forces installations: in all On July 16, 1951, Taylor was turned over to case of accidents within the confines of installations of Alabama authorities and was incarcerated at armed forces: A. Public release of names and addresses of killed Draper Pri on, Speigner, Ala. or injured military personnel may be withheld until such Taylor did not remain in Draper Prison for time as the next of kin can reasonably be expected to long. On September 14, 1951, he joined 18 other ha ve received the official notification of the accident; convicts in a mass break. The escapees broke into B. Every effort should be made, however, to release the prison vault, stripping it of all the guns and such names and addresses simultaneously with, or as soon thereafter as poSSible, the release of the accident ammunition. news itself so as to remove or lessen the anxiety of Although Taylor'S fellow escapees were soon relatives of other personnel on the installation. apprehended and all the firearms with the excep- III. Accidents outside the armed forces installations: tion of a double­barreled shotgun accounted for, In all cases of accidents outside the confines of installa- tions of the armed forces: Taylor remained at large for almost a year. He A. It military personnel figure in accidents Involving was arrested on August 16, 1952, by Chicago, Ill., civilian or military automobiles, trains, commercial or police officers while attempting to sell a stolen private airplanes, or in any other types of accidents, with car and it was while being returned to Alabama the exception of III C below, the names and addresses that he made his fourth escape and the one for of the military personnel should be released immediately upon identification; . which he is presently being sought. B. If the accidents involve military airplanes which Taylor may be armed and should be consid- crash in or upon the borders of citieS or towns, or which ered extremely dangerous. cause civilian casualties or appreciable damage to prop- erty­that is, if there has been a major invasion of the He is described as follows: cll·ilian domain­the names and addresses of the mili- tary personnel should be released illlmediately upon iden- Age______26, born December 15, tlficatlon; if classified equipment is involved, normal se- 1926, Cullman, Ala. curity precautions should be observed with respect to (not verified) . the equipment; HelghL______5 feet 11 inches. Weight ­ ______144 pounds. C. If the accidents involve military airplanes which Build______Slender. crash in localities remote from populated areas, involve Hair­______Chestnut. no civilian casualties, and cause no appreciable property Eyes______Blue. damage­that is if there has been no major invasion Complexion ______Fair. of the civilian domain­names and addresses of the mili- Race______White. tal·y personnel may be withheld until such time as the Nationality ______American. next of kin can reasonably be expected to have received official notification of the accident. Occupations______Truck driver, farmer, mecnUlllc, weUler. The Air Force SOlICItS the cooperation of all law Scars and marks______11,4 ­inch scar across in- enforcement agencies in matters pertaining to the side right forearm. care and disposition of its deceased personnel. In Remarks______Has been known to dye hair red in the past. return, the Air Force desires to be of equal assist- FBI No______53, MA. ance to these same agencies, so that these ex- Fingerprint classification__ 10 0 21 W III 16 tremely sensitive situations may be quickly han- -117-U-OOO-- dled in the proper manner.

U. s. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFfiCE: 0-1953 Questionable Pattern FINGERPRINTS

The pattern presented this month has the mini• forms a complete circuit, and there are two mum requirements for a central pocket loop deltas. An imaginary line connecting the two whorl. deltas would not cut a recurving ridge in front a The tracing is meeting. One ridge, A, of either delta. •