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pairs 99 * 3 for 42.65 2 for 29 4 for 55.25 Walkers 5 for 67.25 Haband D Widths: 7 71⁄2 881⁄2 991⁄2 Black 1600 Pennsylvania Ave., Peckville, PA 18452 10 101⁄2 11 12 13 14 15 Send _____ pairs. I enclose $______EEE Widths (just $2 more per pair): purchase price plus $6.95 toward postage. 771⁄2 881⁄2 991⁄2 GA residents add sales tax 10 101⁄2 11 12 13 14 15 FREE Postage on this order! WHAT WHAT HOW 7TA–47501 SIZE? WIDTH? MANY? Check 09 White Exp.: ____/____ JD Bone Bone ® 03 Navy Card #______01 Black Mr./Mrs./Ms. ______Address______Apt. # ______White City & State ______Zip ______100% Satisfaction Guaranteed or Full Imported Refund of Purchase Price at Any Time! JULY 2003 Vol. 155, No. 1 features 12 Between Free Speech and the Flag DRAWING THE LINE 12 America faces a divide of legal gray area in the battle to protect Old Glory. By Stephen B. Presser 18 Winning the War, Losing the Peace For many who fought in Vietnam, the war will never be over. By Richard J. Sinsigalli 22 The Other Axis of Evil Brazil, Cuba and Venezuela are cultivating a new breeding ground for terror THE NEW and anti-Americanism. TERROR TEAM 22 By Paul Crespo 30 A Farewell to Armistice The North Korean regime remains as murderous as it was a half-century ago. By Mike O’Callaghan 36 COVER STORY 34 They Call Us Monsters? Beyond Baghdad A U.S. airman contrasts the combatants By Alan W. Dowd in Operation Iraqi Freedom. In the wake of war, Washington gambles on By Jon Sladek a bold vision to reshape the Middle East. COVER: A U.S. Marine from the 1st Marine Division NUKES AND holds up a portrait of ousted Iraqi leader Saddam THE NORTH 30 Hussein during a battle for a key river bridge south of Baghdad. Reuters/Oleg Popov departments 4 Vet Voice 42 Living Well 8 Commander’s Message Oral health, co-pay refunds and diet-related Veterans deserve good jobs diseases in black men. 10 Big Issues 44 Legion News Is the United Nations relevant? A trumpet act that won’t quit, National Oratorical 40 Under the Radar Contest winners, a membership drive with a Hainan II, the Coast Guard at war and personal touch and how a post in Guatemala U.S. combat deaths. helped save a teen’s life. 48 Comrades 5 Parting Shots

The American Legion Magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for its 2.7 million members. These wartime veterans, working through 15,000 community-level posts, dedicate themselves to God and Country and traditional American values; strong national security; adequate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our nation’s youth. July 2003 1 The American Legion Magazine

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The American Legion (ISSN 0886-1234) is published ORDER FORM monthly by The American Legion, 5745 Lee Road, India- Or, Mail to: napolis, IN 46216. Periodicals postage paid at Indianapolis, V eteran's Commemoratives Vietnam Rings 1250 Easton Road, Suite 290, Horsham, PA 19044 IN 46204 and additional mailing offices. Annual non- ❑ member and gift subscriptions, $15 ($21, foreign); post- YES. I wish to order the following Exclusive SHIPPING ADDRESS spon sored and widows’ subscriptions, $6; single copy, (We CANNOT ship to P.O. Boxes) Allow 6-8 weeks for delivery. Service Ring: Check (✓) choice: $3.50. Member annual subscription price $3.00, which ❑ ❑ RESERVE ❑ RESERVE is included in annual member dues. POST MASTER: Send AMVIETN Korean MINE NOW! WW2 MINE NOW! Name ______VIETRIN-ALM-0703 address changes to The American Legion, Data Services, ❑ ✓ Service Branch: Check ( ) choice: P. O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. Internet address: ❑ ❑ ❑ Army Navy Air Force Address ______http://www.legion.org. ❑ Marine ❑ Coast Guard Change of Address: Notify The American Legion, Data Services, P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. (317) City _____State _ Zip ______❑ Initials Desired (3): ______860-3111. Attach old address label, provide old and new addresses and current membership card number. ❑ Service Yrs: ______to ______Signature ______Canada Post International Publications Mall (Canadian Distribution) Sales Agreement No. 546321. Re-entered I NEED SEND NO MONEY NOW. Bill me in three Phone # ______second-class mail matter at Manila Central Post office monthly installments of $55* each, with the first dated Dec. 22, 1991. *Plus $9.95 for engraving, shipping, and handling. payment due prior to shipment. A custom ring sizer will PA residents add 6% ($10.50) sales tax. be sent to me before shipment to assure my correct fit. © ICM 2002-2003 These rings have been registered with the Printed in USA And my satisfaction is completely guaranteed. United States Copyright Office, as sculpture. Member Audit Bureau of Circulations VISIT VETERAN’S COMMEMORATIVES ONLINE AT WWW.VETCOM.COM They dedicated their best years to keeping America strong... Decades later many would get sick from the Asbestos

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Worth the cost service offi cer for each county. members of Congress are living The May issue asks, “Why These people are there to help the on another planet, how can they should Americans pay for veterans veteran take advantage of all the allow this to go on? I’m 85 years health care?” programs VA has to offer. How- old and served in the Army from As a World War ever, they can’t help if the veteran March 1941 to October 1945. I was II Marine Corps does not ask. honorably discharged with the veteran, I often I have compassion for veterans rank of master sergeant. Fortu- visited the who feel they are just a number, nately, I’ve never had to use VA, Philadelphia but these people need to make the but I’ve always thought if I Naval Hospital system work for them. Contact needed it, VA would be there for in 1945 in the your veterans service offi cer for me. I’m glad to see the problem is hope of cheer- help; that’s what he’s there for. receiving attention, but as the fi rst ing up some of – Bob Johnson, La Crosse, Wis. President Bush would say, I think the servicemen some butts need to be kicked. who had returned from the VA needs funding Thank you for a great magazine. battlefi eld. I can tell you that a Kudos to National Commander – Bill St. George Jr., Ocala, Fla. personal visit to such an institu- Ron Conley for his effort to direct tion should erase the question VA’s besieged health-care system No complaints from any American’s mind. away from disaster. His state- The May issue really gave the Young, handsome men missing ments were factual, and it’s VA health-care system a going- limbs – sometimes two or more, or evident he has spent much time over. I realize many veterans have their eyesight – so happy to have a and thought on this important waited long periods for appoint- visitor from the outside come to matter. He visited VA hospitals ments, but let’s give credit where talk with them or just hold their across the country and spoke with it is deserved. I enrolled in VA in hands and let them know they patients, staff and administrators 1996 and a year later received a were appreciated. Every citizen of about the system’s problems. favorable ruling on my application this wonderful country who feels As veterans, we can support for service-connected illness. A it is unfair to be expected to pay Conley’s efforts by writing to our year later, I had a cancer problem for the medical care of these senators and representatives, and was on “let’s-wait-and-see” veterans should be required to requesting that funding for status with my health-insurance visit a veterans facility and see the veterans health care become a carrier. I could not get them to conditions they live under. mandatory, rather than discre- approve treatment. The nurse in I would be honored to go to any tionary, item in the federal my doctor’s offi ce took me aside length for these soldiers, sailors, budget. This is crucial not only and told me I needed immediate Marines and Coast Guardsmen. for us but also for future veterans. attention. She said I should go to Were it not for them, how many – Richard J. May, Hyde Park, N.Y. the VA hospital in Loma Linda. of us today would be able to show The next day I was seen and our pride when the fl ag goes by? Wake up, Congress had two operations on my back – Ruth Endlar Cyphers, West Milford, N.J. I just fi nished reading the May that week. VA saved my life with issue and am livid. Unless our fast and caring treatment. I am Top priority now in northern California, and I want to thank National the San Francisco VA hospital has Commander Ron Conley for WE WANT picked up the ball. I feel safer with putting VA health care at the top YOUR OPINIONS them than with my HMO doctor. of our agenda. It should have The American Legion Magazine I know what care I am entitled been years ago. I’ve been to the welcomes letters concerning to and am getting it 100 percent. VA hospital a few times, and articles that appear in the – Ralph L. Landry, Laytonville, Calif. besides waiting six hours to see a publication. Be sure to include your doctor, everything else was fi ne. I hometown and a daytime phone Poor treatment may be one of the lucky ones, number for verifi cation. It was bad enough when VA only having to wait six months for All letters are subject to editing. raised the medication co-pay by my next appointment. Please keep Send your opinions to: 350 percent, but they sloughed it up the good work. The American Legion Magazine off as a pittance. It isn’t, especially – Nolan A. Prince, Henderson, Texas P.O. Box 1055 for someone who is on seven or Indianapolis, IN 46206 eight medications and lives on a Fight, don’t write fi xed income from Social Security. I found the May issue, “A You also can contact us After several months, I fi nally got System Worth Saving,” quite directly via e-mail or through my friend an appointment with a interesting. As an Air Force the World Wide Web: primary-care physician at VA. On veteran, I have learned to work [email protected] his second visit, he was told the within the system. To my knowl- http://www.legion.org medication prescribed by his heart edge, most states have a veterans specialist is too expensive, and VA

4 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine Celebrating the golden anniversary of America’s performance icon. FiftyFifty YearsYears ofof CorvetteCorvette n the half century since it was first Featuring 1:43 scale Custom wooden introduced, Chevrolet’s Corvette has replicas of every model display included at Ichanged significantly — both inside and year of the Corvette. no additional charge! out. The one thing that has never changed is the spirit of this great sports car. Now, you can own a landmark tribute to America’s sports car. Presenting...Fifty Years of Corvette, available exclusively from the Danbury Mint. Every year is precisely captured. This stunning 1:43 scale collection, official- ly authorized by Chevrolet, features every model year from the legendary 1953 model to the 2003 50th anniversary edition. The replicas are remarkably detailed down to the grilles, taillights, and undercarriages. Each car is crafted of cold-cast porce- lain, a blend of powdered porcelain and resin. Every model is hand painted in authentic factory colors and the clear win- dows allow easy viewing of the interiors. Handsome display included. Each replica comes with its own base, which features performance data, mechan- ical specifications, options and much more. Also included with your collection, at no additional charge, is a handsome wall-hanging wooden display with room for each of the 50 Corvettes. Attractively priced; convenient to acquire. Each stunning replica can be yours for 5 3 just $14.95 (plus a $1.95 total shipping Artist’s rendering shown much smaller than actual size of 25 /8" x 22 /4". and service charge per model). Your first and last cars will be shipped individually. In between, you will receive and pay for two cars each month. Your satisfaction is completely guaranteed. Don’t delay. Mail your Reservation Application today!

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RESERVATION APPLICATION The Danbury Mint 47 Richards Avenue Send Name Norwalk, CT 06857 no money Please print clearly. now. Address Fifty Years of Corvette City/State Zip Yes! Reserve Fifty Years of Corvette as described in this announcement. If not delighted, I may return any replica Signature within 30 days for replacement or refund. Orders subject to acceptance. Allow 4 to 8 weeks after initial payment for first shipment. 3631F053 vet voice can’t furnish it. Is this any way to Feet to the fi re the people of Iraq, but our veter- treat a guy who earned a Purple With respect to getting any ans should come fi rst. Heart in the Battle of the Bulge? action in Congress on more – John W. Janes, Bronx, N.Y. Here’s hoping your infl uence can funding for VA, I recommend that change situations like this. The American Legion develop two Make him squirm – Allan Young, Springfi eld, Mo. or three questions about VA Since Sen. Tom Daschle was the health-care funding, ask for a one who prevented the fl ag- Alert the public response from each U.S. senator protection amendment from Articles in the May issue impart and representative, and publish passing last year, I would have information we already know: the each of the responses in a future loved to be at The American VA health-care system has virtu- issue of The American Legion Legion’s annual Washington ally collapsed. Problem is, only Magazine. For example, “Do you Conference (“Goals Worthy of a we know about it. The general support mandatory funding for Great Nation,” May) and seen the public hasn’t a clue. Without their VA? At what level?” look on his face when Maj. Gen. active, vocal support, it’s only Veterans must hold their elected Patrick Brady said, “We need to going to get worse. offi cials’ feet to the fi re on tan- go to work for the fl ag that brings It’s obvious Congress won’t do a gible and concrete proposals. We … comfort to our troops every- blessed thing for us. Hours after need to identify the specifi c where. If that fl ag is precious the offi cial beginning of Operation proposals and fi nd out where each enough to cover their coffi ns, it’s Iraqi Freedom, it issued a procla- of our elected offi cials stands, precious enough to be protected.” mation supporting our troops – beyond simply “supporting” Or when Sen. Bill Frist, R-Tenn., and then turned around and cut veterans. Pressure needs to be put said, “When it comes to the millions more from an already on those elected offi cials who American fl ag, we must fi ght and scandalously underfunded VA. quibble or who don’t support our continue to stand to see that it is President Bush then signed on. proposals for reform. never, ever desecrated.” Or when We rely on an internal publica- We need to know – and the Rep. Randy “Duke” Cunningham, tion to get the word out about our general public needs to know – R-Calif., said, “I would say to interests and needs. Surely we whether or not our representatives those … who think it’s OK to burn can campaign in the popular support veterans. the American fl ag, ‘Go to hell.’” media to let citizens know how – Mike Doherty, Windham, Maine – Ronald H. Beam, Cedarville, Ill. the government demands unques- tioning service of us, but when Gross insult No privatization we need the help we earned the I’m terribly disappointed with Rep. Philip Crane, R-Ill., is way same government can’t give us your one-sided, short-sighted off the mark about the U.S. Postal more than a lame, “Gee, thanks.” report on VA health care in the Service (Big Issues, May). Yes, it We need to let the public know. May issue. I’m sorry for veterans operates at a loss, but Crane fails We deserve more than simply to who have problems securing VA to mention that USPS is mandated be ignored, and we deserve more medical services, and those by law not to make a profi t. It is than excuses. problems should defi nitely be to break even or lose money. – William D. Mayers, Canastota, N.Y. addressed, but to use such a broad He also fails to mention that a brush and paint the entire system large portion of the 2002 defi cit Given up hope as a complete fl op is a gross insult was due to the anthrax scare or After reading the article “Criti- to hundreds of dedicated, caring that USPS is the least expensive cal Condition” (May), I cannot medical-care providers who work postal service in the free world. imagine how much worse things within the VA system. He says privatization would make can get. I was in the U.S. Air I don’t care that you didn’t use USPS subject to certain laws such Force from 1952 to 1956 and in my favorable comments about the as consumer protection. Well, the the Reserves for four more years. I system submitted to your survey, U.S. Postal Inspection Service – a am now 71. I tried to get an but you didn’t use anybody’s. And federal law-enforcement agency – appointment in 1973 at the VA I know from talking with many is already in place and is doing a hospital. I waited all day, fi nally veterans in this area of Michigan bang-up job of protecting mail gave up and went to an outside that lots of us have had excellent and consumers. doctor. I tried again later, unsuc- care and service from VA. USPS delivers to every street cessfully, to get an appointment. I – Robert Lee, Cadillac, Mich. and every address. If you live in a have given up on seeing a doctor poor area where a private com- at the VA hospital, for I feel trying Veterans fi rst pany will not make a profi t, how is pointless. My years are num- I don’t understand our govern- will you get your mail? bered, so why worry? I just hope ment. It spends $80 billion to fi ght I would ask Crane to stop trying and pray things will change so the war in Iraq and millions more to make the rich richer on the more veterans will be able to get to fi x the damage we did. But it backs of hard-working Americans, treatment where I wasn’t. shortchanges the veterans and VA many of whom are veterans. – Vernon Nettles, Blue Springs, Mo. hospitals. I have nothing against – John Rubinsky, Philadelphia

6 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine NOW YOU DON’T HAVE TO BE AN OFFICER TO GET SPECIAL PRIVILEGES.

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Jeep is a registered trademark of DaimlerChrysler Corporation. *Must present current military ID or discharge papers at time of purchase. See your dealer for details. commander’s message Veterans deserve good jobs ow that the war with Iraq is over, The Offi ce of Personnel Management President George W. Bush is prop- quotes its director, Kay Cole James, on its Nerly turning his attention to an area Web site, www.opm.gov/veterans: “It is a of great importance: jobs – or to be more priority of President George W. Bush, and precise – the lack of them. Just as The it is my personal mission, to see that each American Legion stood behind the presi- and every veteran who wants to serve his dent as he waged war on a ruthless dicta- or her country as public servants be tor, the Legion supports his battles against given the chance to do so. Veterans have unemployment, a sluggish stock market served our country with distinction; they and a slow economy. have put their civilian lives on hold to During a recent speech in Little Rock, defend our democratic principles and Ark., the president talked about work, protect our friends around the world; workers and jobs 18 times and 30 times the and, they have sacrifi ced in ways we following day in Washington, according to cannot begin to understand.” Washington Post columnist David Broder. Homeland Security Secretary Tom Ridge When it comes to employment, veterans voiced his support for veterans’ preference should be placed at the front of the line. in the December issue of The American National Veterans are, after all, the people who made Legion Magazine. He was referring to his Commander it possible for Americans to be free and safe own department when he added, “the presi- Ronald F. Conley enough to even think about improving the dent feels very, very strongly that veterans’ Chase Studios economy. The federal government should preference remains with those who have it lead by example in this regard. and to those who might use it in the event When it The legislation is already in place, in the of being hired by the new department.” form of the Veterans’ Preference Act of The American Legion recognizes that comes to 1944 and the Veterans Employment Oppor- government employment is not for every- tunities Act (VEOA) of 1998. But enforcing one. That’s why the Legion has a partner- employment these laws has been another matter. The ship with Transition Assistance Online … veterans American Legion hears story after story of (TAOnline). Job-hunting veterans can link highly qualifi ed vets being denied opportu- to TAOnline from The American Legion should be nities. Veterans’ preference is not just a Web site (www.legion.org). TAOnline is well-earned benefi t. It’s the law. the premier recruiting site targeted at the placed at The Legion applauded the passage of the military community. Best of all, the VEOA. It improved the redress system for service is paid for by the employer, not the front of veterans who were unfairly passed over for the job-seeker. Employers who use the line. federal jobs. It ended the designer “reduc- TAOnline include Century 21, General tion-in-force” (RIF) gimmicks, which Motors, AT&T and Raytheon. Based in allowed agency managers to skirt veterans’ Atlanta, TAOnline helps place exiting preference by deciding in advance which servicemembers, veterans, reservists, employees could fi ll remaining jobs after guardsmen and military spouses in an RIF. But the complicated federal hiring thousands of jobs nationwide. system still needs reform, and some of the Our servicemembers just performed language of the VEOA is troubling. For magnifi cently in Iraq and Afghanistan. instance, Section 6 uses the word “know- This should not be a surprise considering ingly” when defi ning failure to comply the tremendous accomplishments of their with veterans’ preference requirements. In predecessors who served in hot spots other words, ignorance of the law is an around the globe. Smart employers realize excuse when denying veterans jobs. that those who make up this same military The American Legion is not advocating will continue to perform magnifi cently quotas. A veteran who is not qualifi ed for a even after they shed their uniforms. federal position would not and should not get hired. It’s intended as a tiebreaker for veterans who have earned their status by The American Legion their duty to this nation. Veterans who Career Center served during certain periods get fi ve points Post resumés, search job lists, research possible on their federal exams. Service-connected employers, explore continuing education disabled vets receive 10 points. In order to opportunities at the Web site: be hired, the veteran still must meet all the www.taonline.com other criteria that the position requires.

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BY STEPHEN B. PRESSERFlwhatag cannot, and how political, ticks and stones will break artistic or emotional thoughts our bones, and words can can be expressed – and how they Sreally hurt us, but in this may not – has kept American country we have made a funda- lawyers, judges and law profes- mental decision that free speech sors busy for decades. is something that ought to be promoted. In general, we have Senseless Decisions. The Consti- supported Voltaire’s dictum that tution, our fundamental legal “I may not agree with what you guide, has only a single phrase to have to say... but I will defend to guide us: “Congress shall make the death your right to say it.” no law abridging the freedom of We have occasionally sought to speech.” Still, our state and silence speech, as, for example, federal courts have read that many of the laws regarding language to mean a bewildering campaign-fi nance reform now variety of things, including that do. Political correctness – the neither state nor federal govern- view held by many academics, ments can forbid desecration of policymakers and opinion leaders the fl ag of the United States, that that certain propositions having problems arise when a state seeks to do with race, ethnicity, sex or to more severely punish crimes religion cannot be maintained in when they are products of “hate,” polite society – also exerts a and that publicly funded state powerful restraint on what can institutions of higher learning be said in the classroom, by the may not impose speech codes on water-cooler or on the air. their faculty or students. The competing pressures for Some of these decisions make freedom of speech and social or sense. Many do not, particularly ideological conformity now since the quoted language of the routinely end in litigation, as do First Amendment prohibits so many disputes in American actions only of “Congress” and life. Indeed, drawing the line not the states. Early in the 20th between what can be said and century, however, in a move of

12 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine America must conquer a divide of legal gray area to protect Old Glory. startling judicial legerdemain, now unclear whether states or the Supreme Court decided that municipalities can permit the some provisions of the Bill of display on public property of Rights – the fi rst 10 Amendments traditional holiday symbols such – were so fundamental that they as crèches, menorahs or tradi- ought to be read, in light of the tional moral symbols such as the 14th Amendment, which barred Ten Commandments. It is now any state from interfering with forbidden for public schools to due process, to mean states also require Bible reading, or to were prohibited from whatever conduct prayers in class, at Congress could not do. How this graduation ceremonies or football happened has never been clearly games. These activities went on understood, but it was part of a for decades until, in the cultur- larger assertion of power by the ally raucous 1960s, the Supreme federal courts over basic institu- Court began to interdict them. tions of state government, Some, if not all, of these matters including their legislatures, regarding religious icons might schools and law enforcement. properly be regarded as attempts This led more than one fi ne to exercise free speech rather constitutional historian to than attempts to establish declare that we now had not religion. Religious freedom is but government by the people but one of many areas where the law “government by judiciary.” regarding free speech has It was the claim of our Consti- become nearly incomprehensible. tution’s framers, and our found- ing fathers, that ours was a Heated Debate. Consider a “government of laws, not men,” current controversy swirling and thus it could be distin- before the U.S. Supreme Court. guished from the arbitrary For some 50 years, the state of colonial rule we repudiated in Virginia has had on its books a the American Revolution. Any- statute similar to the current one, one who today examines what which provides that: passes for the law on free speech, however, must wonder about It shall be unlawful for whether the rule of law still any person or persons, with prevails, or whether we have the intent of intimidating traded one arbitrary monarch for any person or group of a plethora of judicial law lords. persons, to burn, or cause to The First Amendment also be burned, a cross on the forbids Congress from making property of another, a any “law respecting an establish- highway or other public ment of religion.” This prohibi- place. Any person who shall tion has also been applied violate any provision of this against state and local govern- section shall be guilty of a ments by the federal courts, to Class 6 felony. such a confusing extent that it is Any such burning of a

July 2003 13 The American Legion Magazine cross shall be prima scribed by statute facie evidence of an For most Americans, to witness without infringing upon intent to intimidate a the First Amendment,” person or group of an act of fl ag desecration may the dissenters observed, persons. citing a 1994 U.S. Su- be as painful as to watch a preme Court opinion that In 1998, Virginia sought held that protesters at an to prosecute several cross-burning or to be subjected abortion clinic were not people under the statute, permitted to exercise two of whom were to verbal abuse at an abortion clinic. their First Amendment accused of burning a rights protesting abortion cross on the property of a black Court reasoned, then the Virginia at a distance less than 36 feet man with the intention of intimi- statute must be, as well. This from the clinic, lest women dating him. Another was accused was not because the government seeking abortions feel threatened of organizing and participating in could not punish breaches of by them or lest they inhibit a Ku Klux Klan rally, at which a peace or attempts to threaten access to the clinic of women cross was burned. The defendants others but because it could not seeking abortions. This 1994 were convicted under the Virginia do so in a manner that resulted holding led to a vigorous dissent statute, but then appealed their in the government’s punishing by Justice Antonin Scalia, who cases to the Virginia Supreme speech based on “content.” Said argued the Supreme Court was Court, which reversed the the Virginia court, interpreting bending the usually-applied rules convictions in 2001. The court the Supreme Court’s holding: of the First Amendment in order declared that the Virginia statute to restrict the speech of those violated the First Amendment While a statute of neutral protesting abortion, because the because: “It is well established application proscribing court in abortion cases habitually that non-verbal, symbolic expres- intimidation or threats may abandons its usually applied sion is ‘speech,’ and is as fully be permissible, a statute principles of jurisprudence. protected by the First Amend- punishing intimidation or Scalia’s dissent in the abor- ment to the United States Consti- threats based only upon tion-protest case makes clear that tution as more traditional means racial, religious or some federal judges’ preferences for of communication; However other selective content- certain kinds of speech or pernicious the expression may be, focused category of otherwise expression over others contrib- (i)f there is a bedrock principle protected speech violates the utes to confusion in free-speech underlying the First Amendment, First Amendment. doctrine. Thus, while the exer- it is that the government may not cise of speech against abortion is prohibit the expression of an idea A four-person majority decided restricted more, perhaps, than simply because society fi nds the the Virginia Supreme Court’s other categories of speech, those idea itself offensive or disagree- 2001 decision, but three justices who would seek to exercise able”; and applying the fi rst two strongly dissented. As the author purported freedom of expression principles, the U.S. Supreme of the dissenting opinion ex- by burning the American fl ag Court previously ruled unconsti- plained, “Without question, the have in recent years found tutional a Minnesota statute that framers of the First Amendment constitutional law quite sympa- provided the following: never contemplated that a court thetic to their activities. In Texas would construe that amendment v. Johnson, the 1989 decision that Whoever places on public so that it would permit a person ruled fl ag desecration is speech or private property a symbol, to burn a cross in a manner that protected by the First Amend- object, appellation, charac- intentionally places citizens in ment, the majority opinion by terization or graffi ti, includ- fear of bodily harm.” Noting the Justice William Brennan went so ing, but not limited to, a longstanding rule in Virginia law far as to declare, “We are tempt- burning cross or Nazi that a statute ought to be pre- ed to say, in fact, that the fl ag’s swastika, which one knows sumed to be constitutional, the deservedly cherished place in our or has reasonable grounds to dissenting judges indicated that community will be strengthened, know arouses anger, alarm for them the statute in question not weakened, by our holding or resentment in others on was simply a means of protecting today. Our decision is a reaffi r- the basis of race, color, creed, Virginia citizens from intimida- mation of the principles of religion or gender commits tion and that no First Amend- freedom and inclusiveness that disorderly conduct and shall ment issues were actually the fl ag best refl ects, and of the be guilty of a misdemeanor. implicated, because no citizen conviction that our toleration of has any right to seek to threaten criticism such as Johnson’s is a If the Minnesota statute was another with violence. sign and source of our strength.” unconstitutional because of the “It is well established that true For Brennan, then, the toler- First Amendment, the Virginia threats of violence can be pro- ance of desecration of the fl ag

14 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine was what the fl ag itself purpose to the (burning) stands for. For others – Most Americans do not appear cross. There was no com- indeed, for most Americans, munication, no particular if public opinion polls can be to have diffi culty distinguishing message. It was intended to relied upon – freely allowing cause fear and terrorize a desecration of the fl ag between intimidating and population.” diminishes something of Remarkably, at least one of value in the community. For harmful acts and protected the justices at the Supreme many veterans and their Court’s “cross-burning” case families, for example, the fl ag speech, though the distinction hearing appeared to believe stands for self-sacrifi ce or loss there ought to be no doctri- of loved ones in service to the may elude some judges. nal diffi culties in deciding nation, and its wanton that cross-burning could be desecration is deeply felt as a dissenters in the Virginia Supreme prohibited, but fl ag-burning could horrifying affront and coarsening Court, evaluating the cross- not. “The fl ag is a symbol of the of our culture. burning prohibition, believed that government,” Justice Ruth Gins- from the “clear and unambiguous burg said, and as The New York More Than Speech. Part of the language” of the statute, its aim Times’ Linda Greenhouse reported problem is that fl ag desecration was “not to suppress repugnant her comments, “It is inherent in and cross-burnings alike are ideas, but rather to proscribe the constitutional system that harmful acts, and not mere physical acts intended to infl ict ‘anyone can attack the govern- speech. No one denies that bodily harm upon the victims of ment.’ (So that, presumably, there harmful acts are subject to more such acts. “Simply stated,” the could be no problem with sym- regulation than pure speech. justices wrote, “the Virginia bolic acts such as fl ag-burning Unfortunately, the characteriza- statute proscribes acts of intimi- that do so.) But burning a cross, tion of expression as “speech” or dation, but it does not prohibit according to Ginsburg, means “acts” is anything but uniform. persons from expressing their ‘attacking people, threatening life For Justice Brennan, fl ag desecra- views, irrespective of how repug- and limb.’” tion was speech that somehow nant or offensive those views may For most Americans, the U.S. conveyed a message of freedom. be to others.” Flag does not stand for govern- For Justice Rehnquist, writing in The U.S. Supreme Court, by the ment. It stands for them, and to dissent in Texas v. Johnson, fl ag time you read this, will have desecrate it is to “attack people,” desecration was “an inarticulate decided which group of Virginia too. Ginsburg seems not to grunt,” unclear in its message, an justices got it right, and whether understand that if that act does act rather than speech, and an cross-burning is an act that may not directly threaten life and act that the American people for be prohibited or speech that is limb, it threatens other things as more than a century had rightly protected. At the December precious. Sadly, those who condemned by their law. hearing on the case, one of the would seek to protect those Rehnquist’s point was that where lawyers arguing that cross- precious things will not be the line was diffi cult to draw burning ought to be regarded as understood by the majority of between speech and prohibited speech – Rodney Smolla, a justices who reason like Gins- acts, the courts should defer to University of Richmond Law burg. It would be ironic, though the people, since ours is a School professor – acknowledged wonderful, if the U.S. Supreme republic based on popular that this particular act might be Court, in reversing the Virginia sovereignty. His voice did not “horrible, evil and disgusting,” Supreme Court, more clearly carry the day, but that spirit of but, like fl ag burning, is “free realizes the difference between popular sovereignty now ani- expression” protected by the Con- protected speech and pernicious mates the effort to pass a consti- stitution. Michael R. Dreeben, a acts at the same time that a fl ag- tutional amendment reversing deputy U.S. solicitor general who protection amendment is passed Texas v. Johnson, an effort that sought to defend the Virginia to correct the court’s previous has won the support of 50 state law, maintained that cross- failure of perception. n legislatures and is just a few burning should not be viewed as votes away from winning the free expression, but rather it was Stephen B. Presser is the Raoul required two-thirds consent of “akin to a threat to put somebody Berger Professor of Legal History both houses of Congress. in fear of bodily harm” and, thus, at Northwestern University School Most Americans do not appear “is not protected by the First of Law, as well as a constitutional to have diffi culty distinguishing Amendment.” At that point issues adviser to the Citizens’ between intimidating and harm- Justice Clarence Thomas – the Flag Alliance, a grass-roots ful acts and protected speech, U.S. Supreme Court’s only black organization campaigning for a though the distinction may elude justice, who rarely comments at fl ag-protection amendment. some judges. Others may have oral arguments – told Dreeben, less trouble. For example, the “My fear is that there is no other Article design: Holly K. Soria

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18 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine commentary losing the peace

BY RICHARD J. SINSIGALLI ished her unemployed, alcoholic into the city’s main airport son, a veteran of two tours in terminal, no family or friends to he fi ghting and dying in Nam, “Why don’t you forget greet him. No bands playing. No Vietnam ended for us when Vietnam? It’s over!” fl ags waving. No parades. For Tthe last Marine chopper lift- “But, it’s not over. It’s still most, there was nothing at all. ed off the roof of the American going on today! Don’t you But for some there were greetings embassy in downtown Saigon understand that, Mom?” of ridicule, being called “baby that gray day in April 1975. It We had fought in a real war, killer,” and being spat on. Others was the close of the longest war not some minor insurgency, returned to see fl ag- and draft- in American history. guerrilla war, limited war, police card burnings and student As a chopper pilot, I died a action or any other name Wash- demonstrations. This scenario little inside when I saw UH-1 ington came up with for the would occur over and over Hueys being ditched in the sea benefi t of the public. It was kill during the years following the next to ships waiting to take on or be killed. It was a matter of 1968 Tet Offensive. Defi nitely not more refugees, and CH-47 survival – 365 days of survival. It a hero’s welcome. Chinooks being pushed over- was that simple. Thousands, if not hundreds of board to make more room for When an American serviceman thousands, of Vietnam veterans those fl eeing Saigon. arrived at Travis Air Force Base suffer from post-traumatic stress Still, the war hasn’t ended for after that long year in Vietnam, disorder. They are still trying to many. and took a Greyhound down to forget Vietnam, still trying to Years later, a mother admon- San Francisco, he would walk cope. A few have taken to alcohol

July 2003 19 The American Legion Magazine commentary or drugs to help them forget. Jane Fonda goes to Hanoi and Others have become the We fought for the right embraces NVA troops stand- homeless you fi nd on the ing around their anti-aircraft streets of major cities. Some reasons, and we did our weapons, with a big smile on are in counseling at VA her face, while putting down medical centers. Many more American troops, the South are not. PTSD is the fancy job. We won the war. Vietnamese government and phrase given to what was Washington? She mistakenly called “shell shock” during Congress lost the peace. felt she was a good American World War I and “battle patriot just voicing her fatigue” during World War II opinion. Yet, the White and the Korean War. Whatever it Wall.” And there were unsung House decided not to seek a is called, a thorn is still a thorn. patriots as well – the wives, treason charge against her. They The effects of exposure to the husbands, mothers, fathers and felt such action would produce chemical Agent Orange are still sweethearts of the men and only adverse publicity for the felt by thousands of Vietnam women who served in Vietnam. war effort. veterans today. Agent Orange They deserved medals too. They Contrast Fonda’s conduct with was used extensively in Vietnam also fought a war: a war of fear that of Martha Raye, who came as a means of ridding the jungles and loneliness. to Vietnam with her USO show of canopy foliage and elephant On the other hand, there were “Hello Dolly.” Having already grasses. This made it easier to those who made victory impos- visited troops during World War spot Victor Charlie from the air sible and life unbearable. They II, the entertainer spent a total of and harder for them to hide or set are the ones who made the 14 months in Vietnam during up ambushes. The problem was, policies and directed the war 1966 and 1967. She was cited by the Army brass and the chemical from the safety of their homes. Gen. William Westmoreland for companies never mentioned the They are the ones who decided her nursing work in a combat possible after-effects until years on no-fl y zones over Cambodia zone. On one trip, she arrived at after the war ended. and Laos, while the enemy used Soc Trang in the Delta on the Two years after my release from these countries as sanctuaries morning of a major battle just as active duty in 1971, I developed a and avenues to supply the Viet casualties were coming in. The seminoma cancer and had an Cong and the North Vietnamese tireless patriot got into her operation and six months of Army in the South. They desig- fatigues, went to the fi eld medi- radiation treatment. Both the nated what targets to bomb in cal unit and put her training as a surgeon who operated and the the North, what ordnance to use nurse to practice for 13 straight radiologist who administered the and which rice paddies to avoid, hours, only to resume those treatment said they believed the allowing the North Vietnamese duties the next morning. cancer was caused by exposure to to set up anti-aircraft missile Five American presidents Agent Orange. Now, 29 years later, sites immune from attack while couldn’t solve the problem in VA still does not recognize this the enemy shot down our planes Southeast Asia. In the end, particular cancer as a result of and took prisoners who lan- Congress cut off the money and exposure to the herbicide. Since guished in the “Hanoi Hilton” betrayed the Vietnamese people, then, I have survived three for years. as well as the Americans who additional cancers. They directed our chopper laid down their lives. Countless pages have been pilots to “Call in and ask permis- The war in Vietnam should written about the Vietnam War, sion before returning enemy have been won. It could have the pros and cons. Many have the ground fi re...” been won if the politicians had view that we won the war. Many They decided U.S. and South not failed miserably. For many, more claim we lost. Some say we Vietnamese combat troops would Vietnam is over. But for those never lost a battle but lost the begin their incursion into Cam- who fought, it will never be over. war. A few think it was a draw. bodia. The enemy had been safe We fought for the right reasons, How can anyone believe a war and secure in their sanctuaries in and we did our job. We won the can end in a draw? Maybe in Cambodia and Laos until then. war. Congress lost the peace. n chess, but not in war. The only problem was that Some have espoused the Washington announced to the Richard J. Sinsigalli, a former greatness of those who bore the world that we would be out in 30 chief warrant offi cer, is a 10-year burden of battle. They were the days. So what do Charlie and the Army veteran who served in the patriots in this war. They were NVA do? They just pack up and Korean and Vietnam wars. He is the grunts, nurses, pilots, POWs, move deeper into Cambodia until author of “Chopper Pilot: Not All MIAs, KIAs or WIAs who spilled we are gone. The same thing Of Us Were Heroes”(Turner their blood and gave their lives happened a year later in Laos. Publishing Co.). for their county. More than Troop morale was at its lowest 58,000 are remembered on “the ever. What can you expect when Article design: Doug Rollison

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commentary

Brazil, Cuba and Venezuela share a hotbed of terror and anti-Americanism.

BY PAUL CRESPO he arrest of potential between Islamic terrorists and tional group of rogue states and Tsuicide bomber Hasil anti-American leaders such as terror groups called the “Sao Mohamad Rahaman at Fidel Castro and Venezuela’s Paulo Forum.” The group, London’s Gatwick Airport Hugo Chavez. Add the existing founded in 1990, espouses anti- in February should terrorist stomping grounds of American ideology and backs refocus our attention on areas such as the “tri-border” leftist guerrillas, coups and Latin America as a base region between Argentina, elected leftist leaders in Latin for international terror- Paraguay and Brazil to the mix, America who support anti- ism. Rahaman, a Muslim and Latin America poses a American goals. whose true nationality signifi cant terror threat to the has yet to be determined United States. Castro the Godfather. Castro’s ut who apparently had Highlighting this concern, connections to terrorism are well n authentic Venezuelan Miguel Toma — the head of known. He has trained thou- ssport, was caught carry- SIDE, the Argentine equivalent of sands of terrorists and commu- g a live hand grenade in the CIA — recently met with nist guerrillas during four carry-on bag shortly intelligence offi cials in Washing- decades in power and still r arriving from Caracas. ton to discuss the possibility of a maintains close ties to many rity experts believe he new terrorist offensive launched terror groups and rogue states ded to detonate it aboard from South America. such as Iran and North Korea. ne or at the airport. Constantine Menges, a senior His intelligence apparatus e a specifi c al-Qaida fellow with the Hudson Institute remains one of the most formi- on has yet to be estab- and a former special assistant to dable in the world, with more ahaman’s recent travels the president for national secu- than 10,000 agents. This global ly included Yemen, rity affairs, points to an even network may be at the disposal Afghanistan and Germa- broader threat: a Latin American of terror groups such as al-Qaida. g a pattern of several “axis of evil” that could include Castro’s spies have even s involved in the Sept. 11 Brazil, Cuba, Venezuela and penetrated the Pentagon. Ana This incident points to a possibly Ecuador. All are mem- Belen Montes, the Defense g nexus in Latin America bers of a Castro-inspired interna- Intelligence Agency’s senior Cuba

July 2003 23 The American Legion Magazine commentary analyst, was arrested shortly after fi nancial constraints and tries to Sept. 11, 2001, because U.S. gain American tourism, trade offi cials feared she would provide and fi nancing, Castro may now information to Castro that would be avoiding direct involvement be turned over to al-Qaida. Cuban in these types of activities. He military spy rings also have been seems instead to have become an uncovered in Miami. Communist anti-American godfather, in- Chinese-run electronic listening creasingly advising and aiding posts are known to exist in surrogates such as his new alter Bejucal, Cuba, and elsewhere on ego in Venezuela, Hugo Chavez, the island, eavesdropping on U.S. and the Sao Paulo Forum, to communications. threaten America.

The Castro-Chavez Team. As the Gatwick arrest suggests, the authoritarian and messianic Chavez — with Castro’s direction and support — may be turning Venezuela into a new anti-Ameri- can terrorism hub. Chavez report- edly meets regularly with Castro. Chavez has said Cuba and Venezu- ela are, in effect, “one team.” Since 2000, Chavez has pro- vided Castro with more than $2 billion in direct subsidies through reduced-cost oil sales. According to former Venezuelan Corbis Fidel Castro, shown here in 2001 leading intelligence and military sources, Cuba’s biggest anti-American march in Castro is repaying him with four decades, has become a “godfather” of The authoritarian and intelligence and security assis- U.S. animosity in Latin America. Corbis tance. Venezuela’s intelligence messianic Chavez — service, DISIP, has reportedly and opposition to the United come under control of the Cuban States, closely allying himself not with Castro’s direction intelligence service, the DGI. only with Castro but other anti- Specifi cally, Martin Arostegui American rogue states. In 2001, and support — has reported in Insight magazine Chavez paid state visits to, and that “European diplomatic signed “cooperation agreements” may be turning sources reportedly confi rmed with, Libya, Iraq and Iran. In that the Cubans are operating October 2001, he condemned Venezuela into a new DISIP’s key counter-terrorist and America’s Afghanistan campaign intelligence-analysis sections.” as “fi ghting terrorism with Several thousand Cuban “sports terrorism.” Chavez’ comment anti-American trainers” and “teachers” in prompted the White House to Venezuela also are believed to be recall U.S. Ambassador to terrorism hub. DGI operatives involved in Venezuela Donna Hrinak. communist indoctrination as well Chavez has publicly expressed as training pro-Chavez paramili- sympathy for Marxist terrorist Cuban defectors even allege tary groups called “Bolivarian Ilich Ramirez Sanchez. Sanchez, that Castro, in cooperation with Circles.” These armed groups known as “Carlos the Jackal,” is Saddam Hussein, may have been have been used to intimidate a vicious killer born in Venezuela behind the mysterious and deadly Chavez’ democratic opposition. who has been imprisoned in outbreak of West Nile virus in the According to Venezuelan sources, France for terrorism and murder United States beginning in 1999, between 300 and 400 Cuban since 1994. The infamous “Car- using migratory birds caught and military advisers — coordinated los” conducted high-profi le terror infected in Cuba and then by Cuba’s military attaché in attacks, skyjackings and bomb- released on their way north. Caracas, Navy Capt. Sergio ings throughout the 1970s and While intelligence sources have Cardona — also are directing 1980s in Europe, Africa and not publicly confi rmed this, Chavez’ elite presidential guard elsewhere. Chavez corresponded American scientists have added and inner circle of bodyguards. with him shortly after being credibility to these claims. Chavez in turn has openly elected president in 1999, ad- Yet, as he faces increasing stated his support for terrorists dressing the terrorist as a “distin-

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Corbis monitored by DISIP. Things are Havana was that socialism’s quite different now. losses in Eastern Europe would Evidence suggests Chavez is be offset by gains in Latin The Sao Paulo doing more than turning a blind America. Recent Forum meetings eye toward these groups. National have included representatives of Forum’s goal is to Guard Gen. Marcos Ferreira, who radical parties and movements resigned as director of Venezue- from nearly all of Latin America, fi nance and support la’s border-control service (DIEX), as well as local terrorist groups recently told Insight that Interior such as the FARC, ELN, MIR, leftist and Minister Ramon Rodriguez M19 and Tupac Amaru. Chacin pressured him to cover up More worrisome has been the the identities of terrorists — many participation of representatives of anti-American groups from the Middle East — passing rogue states like Iraq, Libya, through Venezuela and to deceive North Korea, Laos, Vietnam, and leaders U.S. terrorism investigators. He North Korea and China, as well and others have claimed that the as international terror groups throughout Latin Chavez government has illegally such as the IRA, Spain’s ETA, the given more than 270 Venezuelan Popular Front for the Liberation America, ultimately passports to Arab extremists. of Palestine (General Command) Venezuelan Air Force Maj. Juan and the PLO. The Forum seems creating Diaz Castillo, Chavez’ former to be the glue that binds these presidential Airbus pilot, defected rogue states with Latin American anti-American in December 2002 after an leftist movements and interna- assassination attempt in Caracas. tional terrorist groups. regimes that could He has since alleged that Chavez The Forum’s goal is to fi nance provided $1 million to al-Qaida and support leftist and anti- serve as bases for soon after the Sept. 11 attacks. American groups and leaders The money was reportedly throughout Latin America, international funneled to the Taliban and ultimately creating anti-Ameri- ultimately al-Qaida under the can regimes that could, among terrorism. cover of “humanitarian aid” via other things, serve as bases for the Venezuelan ambassador to international terrorism. The

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such as Islamic Jihad and Gamaa al Islamiya, an Egyptian group that has publicly allied itself with al-Qaida. U.S. and coalition intelligence operatives are operating in the tri-border area. Qatar, America’s Persian Gulf ally, announced in November it would establish diplomatic relations with Para- guay. While some commercial reasons exist for opening an embassy there, analysts believe Qatar’s decision will enhance U.S. intelligence operations against Islamic militants in the tri-border region. Yet while international intelligence agencies have focused on this area since Sept. 11, many of these potential terrorists may have moved on. Argentina’s counter-terrorism police assert that terrorist Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez speaks to his supporters at a rally in Caracas. Chavez operatives have dispersed east, continues to operate with a terrorist-friendly policy through the Sao Paulo Forum. Corbis to the remote jungles of Brazil and to Sao Paulo, the fi nancial recent elections of Lula da Silva terrorist groups. According to capital. They’ve also moved in Brazil and Col. Lino Gutierrez CNN, Argentine intelligence west to the free-trade zone of in Ecuador, a Chavez-supported documents spell out links be- Iquique in Chile’s northern former coup plotter, were seen as tween those groups and mosques desert, making surveillance victories for the Castro-Chavez and businesses in the area. efforts even more diffi cult. Sao axis and the Sao Paulo Forum. In November, CNN also report- Paulo is a city of 18 million and The next targets appear to be ed that several top terrorist has more than 1.5 million crisis-ridden Argentina, as well operatives met in the tri-border Muslim residents. Other hiding as Paraguay and Bolivia; all had region to plan attacks against U.S. places include Guayaquil, elections in the spring. and Israeli targets in the Western Ecuador, and Maracaibo, Ven- Hemisphere. Sources said the ezuela. As these terror groups Terrorist Stomping Grounds. meetings, which took place in disperse, Venezuela and Brazil Additional victories for the and around Ciudad del Este, were may become even more impor- Forum in these countries could attended by representatives of tant as potential terror bases. heighten the terror threat from Hezbollah and other terror groups The Latin American terror ungoverned areas such as the sympathetic to al-Qaida. nexus is a clear and present “tri-border” region, which The CNN story added that danger. Fidel Castro and Hugo according to U.S. and Argentine there may be a new terrorist Chavez, along with the Sao Paulo offi cials has an Arab population effort based in Latin America Forum, are leading an anti- of more than 20,000 — mostly aimed at U.S. and Israeli interests American crusade that may be from Lebanon and Syria — and is and is coordinated by a man allying with Middle East terror- “teeming with Islamic extremists named Imad Mugniyeh. Operat- ists bent on attacking the United and sympathizers.” Ciudad del ing from his bases in Iran and States. America needs to take Este in Paraguay is the largest Hezbollah-controlled areas of these dangers seriously and city in the area and may be the Lebanon, Mugniyeh is reportedly actively counter the growing new Casablanca of Latin America directing the activities of terror- terrorist threat brewing in our — the regional center of interna- ists in South America, planning hemisphere. n tional intrigue, smuggling, to hit U.S. and Israeli targets. contraband, money laundering Mugniyeh is suspected of being Paul Crespo is an international and fund-raising for Islamic behind numerous attacks against security and public-policy consul- terror groups. American and Israeli targets, tant. A former Marine Corps Arab businesses and mosques including the 1983 bombing of offi cer, he served as a military in this region have reportedly the U.S. Marine barracks in attaché at the U.S. embassy in raised more than $50 million in Beirut and the 1992 car bombing Caracas, Venezuela. recent years — both legally and of the Israeli Embassy in Buenos illegally — for Middle East Aires. He is connected to groups Article design: King Doxsee

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A Farewell to Armistice A half-century after the Korean War’s end, northern tyranny continues to threaten world peace and security.

BY MIKE O’CALLAGHAN what Lt. Col. Felix L. Ferrante, a wounded survivors, only one former POW, later wrote in his lived to recount the gruesome ifty years ago, in July 1953, I book “Tour of Duty.” details. Civilians estimated to was in the amputee ward of “I have said it before, and I say number between 5,000 and 7,000, FLetterman Army Hospital in it again: North Korean military as well as soldiers of the Republic San Francisco with four months to are inhumane, sadistic bastards,” of Korea, also were slaughtered at go before my release. The an- Ferrante wrote. Taejon between Sept. 23 and nounced cease-fi re in Korea had All Americans should read the Sept. 27, 1950.” some impact on the patients, but subcommittee report, so they won’t We have had an armistice but millions of Americans weren’t be shocked by the conduct of North never a peace agreement with overly impressed by the end of a Korea in 2003. It also should be North Korea. The demilitarized “police action” few knew or cared read by the thousands of young zone established between the about — that is, unless they had a South Koreans who now attack north and south after the cease- family member among the more American soldiers stationed in their fi re is still in place. Despite this than 33,000 killed there or the more country and believe North Korean separation, at least 50 Americans than 103,000 wounded in combat. leader Kim Jong Il is a good guy. have lost their lives, and more In December 1953, Chairman of Allow me to share but one than 100 have been wounded in the Subcommittee on Korean War paragraph from the 24-page and around the “Z.” Atrocities Sen. Charles E. Potter committee report, which includes In 1985, I returned to Korea of Michigan conducted hearings. many photographs of atrocities: and visited the 2nd Infantry The subcommittee’s report, “On Sept. 27, 1950, approximately Division, my outfi t in 1952 and released in January 1954, was 60 American prisoners who had 1953. I also went to the DMZ. based on eyewitness accounts of been confi ned in Taejon prison Upon returning home, I recalled American servicemen and U.S. were taken into the prison yard what I’d seen on the road from Army records. Testimony during in groups of 14, with their hands Seoul to the outpost overlooking those hearings substantiated wired together. These men were Pork Chop Hill, the site of brutal forced to sit hunched in hastily battles during the war. Happy Kim Il Sung’s death, mourned by thousands dug ditches and then were shot children on their way to school of North Koreans in Pyong Yang, above, by North Korean troops at point- waved to us. Parents bathed their gave rise to his son, Kim Jong Il, inset. America hoped for improvements in the blank range, with American M-1 babies in a river, rice paddies new regime, but the younger Kim had dif- rifl es, using armor-piercing awaited harvesting, red peppers ferent ideas. Corbis ammunition. Of the two seriously dried in the sun, and people

July 2003 31 The American Legion Magazine commentary worked in the fi elds. It was a American veterans of the and the Soviet Union, Kim Il peaceful scene worth recalling. Sung invaded South Korea. For I thought it was a damn shame Korean War reading this all practical purposes, his army the Korean War took so many was defeated within fi ve months. good lives to prove a point in an That’s when China came to his imperfect world that, overall, article have the rescue and halted the Americans really hasn’t changed that much. at the Yalu River. Nevertheless, I was satisfi ed that satisfaction of outliving We know the remainder of that the war we fought 50 years ago story. was justifi ed and refl ected by the the man who started the We had hopes young Kim smiling schoolchildren waving to would be an improvement. About us that day. war, which cost an the only thing he improved upon My next time in Korea came in is blackmail and the added threat 2000 with seven other outside estimated 2 million lives. of nuclear weapons. Some of our observers assigned by the Depart- younger soldiers who fought in ment of Defense to investigate the Korea may outlive Kim, but his alleged No Gun Ri massacre. As didn’t come home. There was no son, Kim Jong Chul, stands in our Black Hawk helicopters opportunity to have lawyers line to be an even more “Dearest carried us over dozens of golf plead for millions of additional Leader.” The people of his courses and traffi c-fi lled modern dollars or any foreign government country had better hope that the highways, we saw little to bring to pressure U.S. diplomats and new Kim on the scene, at 22, back memories of the fi rst time Congress to provide the money.” doesn’t have plans to improve we saw Korea. Prosperity dripped Today I ponder the past 50 years upon the methods of starvation from the eves of our hotel, and and wonder if those schoolchil- and brutal treatment his father the huge shopping malls in Seoul dren waving to us in 1985 are has brought to them. It’s doubtful were fi rst-class American style. now among those waving “Yan- if he can improve on the suc- After more than a year’s work, kee Go Home” signs in the streets cesses of his grandfather’s and the observers concluded that a of Seoul. I’m sure the Korean father’s blackmail, which includ- U.S. apology wasn’t justifi ed. The infantrymen attached to my ed monetary and economic demand of some Koreans that we platoon aren’t in those crowds. demands to return the bodies of pay monetary compensation for We can only hope that in the near American soldiers. His father the loss of life was bothersome. It future an even more deadly lesson extracted $500 million from was determined that civilian lives than the one South Korea and the South Korea’s Hyundai Group had been lost, but not nearly the world learned between 1950 and just to have a summit meeting number claimed and not as a 1953 isn’t again taught by the with then–South Korean Presi- result of an order to fi re given by hordes from the north. dent Kim Dae Jung. a 7th Cavalry offi cer or a noncom. Bringing both peace and Yes, American Korean War One of the key former soldiers security to the Korean peninsula veterans were the troops who whose claims were used to has never been a promising stopped the power grabs of the describe a massacre was later project. The North Korean Soviet Union and started the shown as not even being in the government was led by Kim Il decline of that nation’s spread of No Gun Ri area. Sung, the father of Kim Jong Il, communism. They saved the My individual report to then- from 1945 until his death in 1994. small nation of South Korea, Secretary of Defense William S. The senior Kim perfected the art which eventually became Asia’s Cohen concluded: “There isn’t a of blackmail to the degree never economic dynamo. Most of them clear-cut reason for monetary before seen in the modern world. came home and went back to compensation to be paid to those Since his son has taken the reins making a living and didn’t now making claims. Who would of the dictatorship, he has made expect or get large parades and receive payments and where past extortion efforts look puny. thanks. Now, 50 years later, they would they begin and end? Young Kim, now 61, has assumed can only hope that the Korean “Thousands of American the title of “Dear Leader.” Despite peninsula’s history isn’t repeated soldiers, who were drafted to his economic failures and the and doesn’t have to be learned save the Republic of Korea and suffering of his people, he is again by their grandchildren. n the claimants, died in combat. treated as the exalted leader of an Their wives or parents received imperial dynasty. Mike O’Callaghan, a former six months gratuity pay and American veterans of the governor of Nevada, earned a $10,000, period. The man who Korean War reading this article Silver Star in Korea. He is a reaped the farm crops to pay off have had the satisfaction of veteran of the Marine Corps, Army a mortgage, worked on the outliving the man who started and Air Force. He is executive railroad to feed his family or was the war, which cost an estimated editor of The Las Vegas Sun. a lumberjack and supported a 2 million lives. With encourage- widowed mother and siblings ment and weapons from China Article design: Doug Rollison

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Jubilant Iraqis cheer U.S. Army soldiers at a humanitarian aid compound in the city of Najaf. The U.S. military is working with international relief organizations to help provide food and medicine for the Iraqi people in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. U.S. Navy They Call Us Monsters? deception, they ambushed them, U.S. airman contrasts causing unacceptable American casualties. combatants in Iraqi war theater. In the war to liberate Iraq from Hussein, the Iraqi forces commit- BY JON SLADEK too great. We follow the orders of ted these and several more our superiors and always observe horrifi c acts. Simultaneously, the obody ever claimed war to the laws of morality and ethics, rest of world that was not part of be pleasant. For the United as well as those set forth by the the coalition of the willing NStates, war is always the Geneva Convention. continued to speak out against last and fi nal option, and even In Iraq, however, a stark and the United States. then we send our sons and disturbing contrast exists to the The United States is no stranger daugh ters with teary eyes and American view of war. While to this type of criticism, yet we heavy hearts. War is a time for earning unsubstantiated world- continue to fi ght the honorable prayer, and while we don’t enjoy wide sympathy and compassion, fi ght. We won’t resort to such casualties, it’s better them than us. the misguided minions of a brutal evil tactics the enemy has We cringe at the sight of and malevolent dictator contin- displayed. Sooner or later, we wounded or deceased Iraqi ued to cross even the lowest always emerge victorious. civilians but realize their loss boundaries of human decency. In the end, we know who we was not our intention. We are They used hospitals and schools are. And while Iraqis paraded our relieved when our boys emerge to house weaponry with inten- fallen soldiers and POWs around from a fi refi ght victorious, but tions of death and destruction. like circus attractions, we still get depressed at the sight of They used women and children continued to provide theirs with enemy bodies carpeting the as human shields, placing them adequate food, water and shelter desert sand. in advantageous positions, while allowing them to maintain We are the greatest fi ghting taking advantage of our sensitiv- their dignity. machine in the world. With the ity and humanitarian tendencies. So, the Canadian hockey fans Air Force, Navy, Army and It’s funny how confi dent they can continue to boo the Star Marines, we are superior by air, were that the American “mon- Spangled Banner. We are the land and sea. Still, we don’t sters” would let them live to greatest nation in the world, and abuse our devastating capabili- spare the innocents. not unlike competitive sports, you ties. We fi ght by the rules and They waved white fl ags, the have to be the best to be hated. n never mistreat enemy prisoners. international sign for surrender, We bypass enemy targets when to bait the honorable Marines. Air Force Staff Sgt. Jon Sladek is the risk of civilian casualties is Then, in the most immoral act of stationed in Montgomery, Ala.

34 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine My kids never call. But they do e-mail.

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s the war in Iraq wound down in AApril, the Pentagon released a set of playing cards emblazoned with the faces of key members of Saddam Hussein’s regime. The cards are helping allied troops hunt down and capture the worst of Saddam’s inner circle. The cards also serve as a symbolic remind- er that the war was a gamble just like the ensuing peace. Has it paid off? That’s the $60-billion question – $60 billion is how much a three-year reconstruction of Iraq is expected to cost, not including the $79-billion pricetag for the war itself. Of course, money isn’t the only thing America has been gambling in the Middle East. After the 1991 liberation of Kuwait, we bet that the Iraqi people would topple Saddam, that America’s presence in Saudi Arabia would be short and painless, and that Saddam’s hunger for weapons of mass destruction could be curbed by U.N. resolutions.

36 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine commentary

That gamble cost us much In these early stages, Death squads orphaned tens of more than a few billion dollars. thousands of Iraqi children. Saddam stayed in power, which the allies must show in Saddam became their father and forced Washington to keep god. “With our souls and our American troops in Saudi Arabia. a tangible way – blood,” they pledged each That galvanized an obscure band morning at school, “we sacrifi ce of terrorists known as al-Qaida, whether through public for Saddam. We will sacrifi ce which carried out the attacks of ourselves for you, O Saddam.” Sept. 11, 2001. That incident Those children who refused to triggered the U.S. war on terror, services, anti- join Saddam’s youth paramilitary which led back to Iraq, which gangs were imprisoned by the fragmented the international corruption efforts, local hundreds. A U.S. Marines community. The events between regiment set them free. August 1990 and March 2003 can rule, order – that life is One recalls the desperate be viewed like something out of words of a Soviet bureaucrat after a Greek tragedy – each decision better than before. the fall of communism in Eastern fateful, each step leading to the Europe and Russia: “And now we very thing we hoped to prevent. must try to produce good out of After playing it safe for a decade, since the fall of Baghdad, and all that evil.” Washington is gambling on a bold, the fl ow of foreign fi ghters and The interim U.S. administration new vision to turn tragedy into agitators into Iraq, the threat of is relying on what amounts to a triumph and reverse America’s terrorist and guerrilla activity three-phase process to do just fortunes in the Middle East. looms as long as U.S. forces that in Iraq. In the fi rst phase, control the country. Hence, the the allies divided Iraq into three Waging Peace. Thanks to the United States could lose more administrative zones and some nature of Gen. Tommy Franks’ troops keeping the peace than 26 metropolitan hubs, enabling military campaign, the most waging the war. Fewer than 130 them to employ different solu- ambitious nation-building effort U.S. troops were killed in four tions to different problems. For since MacArthur governed Japan weeks of combat. As the Marines instance, “de-Baathifi cation” may may not be as diffi cult as some learned in Beirut, a car bomb require sticks in Tikrit, carrots in predicted. Even so, it’s not going can take out twice as many in a Mosul and a little of both in to be easy. Iraq’s infrastructure split-second of peacekeeping. Baghdad, while respecting Shiite wasn’t fl attened by years of Simply put, the danger has not religious sensitivities may trigger carpet-bombing or a long siege. passed. Untold thousands of success in Najaf and Basrah. Instead, Franks’ war of decapita- weapons – and an equal number In the second phase, power tion destroyed Saddam’s Baathist of angry Iraqis – are fl oating will begin to shift to an interim regime without damaging the around the country. Franks government, run by Iraqis with rest of Iraq, sparing most estimates some 3,000 sites may the support of U.S. experts. A bridges, roads, dams, power be home to weapons of mass new constitution will be written. grids and oil wells. destruction. Allied troops are In these early stages, the allies As Marine Col. Mike Marletto tediously and gingerly investigat- must show in a tangible way – explained in a New York Times ing them at a rate of fi ve to 15 whether through public services, interview, Iraqi engineers say the sites a day. Moreover, it will take anti-corruption efforts, local rule, damage from the 1991 war was time to scour and decontaminate order – that life is better than far worse than that of the 2003 a land riven by ethnic divisions before. And the Iraqis must show war. This has enabled the allies and disfi gured by almost three they are willing and able to to focus on restoring services decades of Baathist brutality. replace the old infrastructure of rather than rebuilding mountains To get an idea of how deformed fear with the rule of law. of infrastructure. Iraq is, consider the generation Broadly speaking, two kinds of Less than a week after the born and raised under Saddam’s post-Saddam courts are being liberation of Baghdad, hundreds rule. Hundreds of thousands of created. One will deal with of Iraqis turned out for a job fair them were orphaned by his wars. atrocities committed by Sad- in the Iraqi capital. Six days after Perhaps 350,000 of them died dam’s regime before the 2003 they toppled the statues in from malnutrition or lack of war. It will be administered Baghdad, Iraqis formed city medical care. Saddam blamed the largely by Iraqi citizens with the councils in Karbala and Basrah. slow-motion genocide on sanc- assistance of allied legal special- By Day 7, joint U.S.-Iraqi teams tions, but the United Nations ists. According to the Council on were patrolling the streets of allowed Baghdad to trade oil for Foreign Relations, the United major Iraqi cities. food and medicine. Cynically, he States has trained dozens of Iraqi These are hopeful signs. shunted much of the food to the exiles to serve alongside current However, given the latent military and used black-market Iraqi citizens as judges in these resentment among many Iraqis oil profi ts to build 48 new palaces. special courts.

July 2003 37 The American Legion Magazine The other postwar courts, administered by U.S. military forces, are dealing with war crimes. Sadly, both these courts will be busy. From chemical- weapons attacks and purges dating back to the 1980s to fake surrenders and POW executions committed as recently as spring 2003, Saddam and his henchmen spread their brutality around. Ultimately, power will be transferred to a fully functioning representative government in the third phase. With different parts of Iraq progressing at different rates, it’s diffi cult to determine which phase the allies are in or how long the process will take. Some observers say months; others say years. The safe bet is on a long, sometimes-messy occupation rather than a short and easy one. As Franks puts it, “We will stay until there is a free government.”

Battle-Damage Assessment. Predictably, disagreement exists over the degree to which the United Nations will be involved in setting up the new Iraqi govern- ment. Secretary of State Colin Powell talks about a “partner- ship” with the United Nations, but not a 50-50 partnership. The peace, like the war, is a U.S.-led operation. Given the U.N.’s record Gen. Tommy Franks, commander of U.S. Forces Central Command, walks through piles of in Somalia, Bosnia, Rwanda and rubble where a Tomahawk land-attack missile destroyed a portion of one of former Iraqi Iraq, this is a good thing. leader Saddam Hussein’s many presidential palaces. Franks continues to lead the U.S. Most Americans knew the and coalition forces during Operation Iraqi Freedom. U.S. Navy United Nations was a farce before March 2003. Any organization and British perspective, the Turkey. Weeks later, Turkey that would allow Libya to head a United Nations is a means to an returned the favor by denying human-rights commission or end – a way to maintain peace Washington’s request to deploy Saddam Hussein’s Iraq to chair a and security. According to the the 4th Infantry Division on disarmament commission is French, Germans and others, the Iraq’s northern border. French simply not credible. Any pretense United Nations is an end in and President Jacques Chirac publicly of U.N. legitimacy was further of itself. Hence, 12 years of threatened his East European shattered when the Security fruitless resolutions and inspec- counterparts for siding with Council refused to enforce its tions are viewed as success in Washington on Iraq. And on the own resolutions in March. As Paris and failure in Washington. eve of war, the government of President George W. Bush put it, A war to enforce those resolu- British Prime Minister Tony Blair Iraq answered “a decade of U.N. tions is accepted as a necessary blasted Paris for rejecting a demands with a decade of evil in London, but rejected as compromise U.N. resolution even defi ance.” The United Nations unnecessary and evil in Berlin. before Baghdad rejected it. answered with a collective shrug. Of course, the divisions weren’t In so doing, the French pointed Why? It’s probably more quarantined within the United a loaded gun at the U.N. Security complex than resentment of U.S. Nations. Belgium, France and Council and poisoned the transat- power, as some suggest. Instead, Germany split the NATO alliance lantic waters. As Blair concludes, it may come down to divergent by blocking U.S.-led efforts to the consequences could range world views. From the American deploy defensive equipment to from “paralysis of the United

38 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine commentary

Nations” to a “world in which The Bush administration has proven it can carry there are rival poles of power – the United States and its allies in and wield a big stick; now it must learn to speak one corner, France, Germany and Russia in the other.” Given their hostility to Ameri- softly, especially across the Atlantic. ca’s military and economic strength, the French may never drawn closer together by the war. weapons program.” follow America to war. Given And their support will be crucial Finally, 15 of the 19 men who their history, the Germans may as the war against terror and attacked the United States on never follow anyone to war. weapons of mass murder moves Sept. 11, 2001, were born and While these nations don’t always beyond Iraq. raised in Saudi Arabia. Many of behave like friends, the chal- them had their fi rst taste of bin lenge now is to make sure they Road to Damascus? The next test Laden’s poisoned brand of Islam don’t behave like enemies. A is literally as close as next door. in Saudi-fi nanced schools where new round of diplomatic or Syria provides funding and students are virtually indoctri- economic salvos will not im- territory to Hezbollah, Hamas nated to despise the West. These prove the situation. As Robert and Islamic extremist groups. As schools dot the Muslim world. Kagan of the Carnegie Endow- the war crescendoed, Syria And they present graphic evi- ment for International Peace opened its doors to some of dence that the current Saudi observes, “The world’s sole Saddam’s leftovers and sent regime is no friend to America, superpower doesn’t need to hold volunteers across the border. which is why someday soon grudges.” Instead, Washington Knowing Damascus could send America is quietly withdrawing should emphasize the positive, far worse into postwar Iraq, from the land of Mecca and downplay the negative, and Powell issued a terse warning to Medina, and thus begin the next avoid situations and venues Syria’s rulers after the liberation: phase of the war on terror. where differences can force a “They should review their Blending the surprise and test of wills. This means U.S. actions and their behavior not lethality of traditional warfare coalition building will increas- only with respect to who gets with the tension and stalemate of ingly be conducted outside the haven in Syria and weapons of the Cold War, what lies ahead is United Nations. mass destruction, but especially something altogether different – The Bush administration has the support of terrorist activity.” a colder, harsher strain of confl ict proven it can carry and wield a Syria’s response has been that will either reform or replace big stick; now it must learn to mixed. Although the terror these regimes. America is well speak softly, especially across the camps are still open, Damascus suited for this “colder war.” Since Atlantic. Surprisingly, it was after has promised to cooperate on Sept. 12, 2001, America has been the Iraq war that U.S. diplomats Iraq. During a meeting with on guard, alternately showing the persuaded NATO to play a central Syrian leader Bashar Assad in clenched fi st of war and the open part in stabilizing Afghanistan. Damascus, Rep. Darrell Issa, R- hand of friendship. And now The White House is repairing Calif., reported that Assad “will Washington is in a position to America’s strategic relationship not harbor any war criminals use both of these hands to with Turkey – and for good and will expel any that are here.” reshape the Middle East. reason. “It would be politically Like Pakistan’s Pervez Musharraf and strategically insane,” Kagan in 2001, perhaps Assad is chang- Holding the Cards. “We have a concludes, “to punish the only ing his behavior to preserve his new situation in the region,” a well-established Muslim democ- regime. The alternative is the fate poker-faced Powell explained in racy in the region.” And thanks of Saddam and the Taliban. April. “And we hope that all the to some deft postwar diplomacy, To the east, Iran has provided nations in the region will now most European leaders now favor safe haven and passage to al- review their past practices and a NATO peacekeeping role in Qaida. Like Syria, Iran sent behavior.” Iraq. In fact, Italy is deploying thousands of guerrilla fi ghters He’s deliberately vague about some 3,000 peacekeepers and across the Iraqi border during what will happen if they do not. police to Iraq. the war. And like Syria, it Critics say this is a risky policy, The war exposed deep divi- supports all the major purveyors and they’re right. But it’s no sions, but it also exposed strong of terror. Unlike Syria, Tehran is riskier than trying to contain Iraq bonds. The United States, Britain, racing to build a nuclear bomb. by occupying Saudi Arabia – the Spain, Italy and most Eastern John Bolton, undersecretary of gamble we took in 1991. n European countries have effec- state for arms control, says, “In tively formed an alliance within the aftermath of Iraq, dealing Alan W. Dowd is assistant vice the NATO alliance. Along with with the Iranian nuclear program president at the Hudson Institute. Australia and key Gulf states, will be of equal importance to these countries were actually dealing with the North Korean Article design: King Doxsee

July 2003 39 The American Legion Magazine under the radar

Cost of war Desert Storm, 35 of 147 combat A pre-war fear that never deaths were due to friendly fi re; materialized was heavy U.S. in Iraqi Freedom, friendly fi re casualties. Between the initial accounted for just seven combat strike on Baghdad and the deaths. Land mines claimed 20 liberation of Iraq four weeks Americans in 1991 but none in later, 84 U.S. troops were killed 2003. The USA Today report in action. Another 45 died in found three combat deaths per accidents or other non-combat day in Iraqi Freedom, compared incidents. A USA Today analysis compared the to 18 per day during the thick of Vietnam and 221 fi gures to the fi rst Gulf War as well as other wars per day in World War II. in U.S. history. And while the pain cuts just as Retired Adm. Stephen Baker, a senior fellow at deeply for those 129 families as in any other war, the Center for Defense Information, attributes all the fi ndings are nonetheless astonishing. of this to technology. “Technology has changed Perhaps the most stunning comparison is the our strategy, and that’s changed the face of war,” most obvious. In 1991, U.S. forces pursued far he says. As USA Today notes, technology enables fewer objectives, covered less ground and faced U.S. forces to use air power effectively, thus an enemy that was not fi ghting for its very keeping U.S. casualties low and limiting the kind survival. Yet the U.S. military deployed and lost of collateral damage that undermined air power fewer troops in 2003. Of course, the Iraqi military in the past. Technology equips U.S. troops with was much weaker and smaller this time around, protective gear and enables them to gain a largely because of Desert Storm. mastery over the battle space. Technology makes Between the 1991 war and the 2003 war, training more realistic and more effective. accidental deaths were reduced by 75 percent. In –A.W.D.

Hainan II? United States will exercise our cousins in the U.S. Armed Forces. Two years after forcing a U.S. maritime rights in accordance Playing a major role were Port reconnaissance plane to crash- with international law,” a State Security Units 311 and 313, which land on the island of Hainan in Department offi cial told the Times. guarded two key oil platforms near the South China Sea, China is As in 2001, when a U.S. recon- the Iraqi coast. Navy SEALs had reasserting its control over a vast naissance plane and a Chinese seized the platforms early in the stretch of international waters – fi ghter jet collided, neither side is confl ict. PSU 311 – out of San Pedro, this time through a new decree. blinking. Calif. – and 313 – out of Tacoma, The decree aims to prevent Wash. – also saw action during the surveillance involving state Coasties at war early phases of Operation Noble secrets anywhere within a 200- As Air Force and Navy pilots Eagle, the military’s homeland- mile economic zone. According to swarmed over Iraq, Marines and defense mission in the immediate The Washington Times, the new law the 3rd Infantry troops slammed aftermath of Sept. 11, 2001. requires “Chinese civil and into Baghdad, Special Forces According to offi cials at the U.S. military authorities to approve all unraveled Saddam Hussein’s Coast Guard and the Department survey and mapping activity in regime from the inside out, and of Homeland Security, at the Chinese-controlled waters.” The the Coast Guard was alert in the height of the war in Iraq, the problem for China is that the law Gulf. In fact, some 650 Coast Coast Guard deployed four patrol has no authority over U.S. action. Guardsmen participated in boats, a cutter, a tender, two law- If conducted in international Operation Iraqi Freedom, operat- enforcement detachments, a waters, surveys, surveillance and ing in support of their larger harbor-defense command unit old-fashioned spying are and elements of its permitted under interna- National Strike Force. tional law. An elite group of Coast The U.S. Navy routine- Guardsmen trained to ly conducts such mis- respond to oil spills and sions in the international other hazardous- waters off China’s coast, substance releases was which begin just 12 also deployed. But miles out, not 200 miles. thanks to a lightning- And according to the fast war, potential State Department, the ecological disaster didn’t United States will materialize. continue to do so. “The – Alan W. Dowd

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between Proper oral care periodontal and cardiovas- strengthens cular disease. The fi rst- overall health. ever surgeon general’s BY DR. NELDA P. WRAY report You might think tobacco-related on oral oral-health problems such as black health, hairy tongue, stained teeth, gum issued in preferably after every meal – disease or cancer of the palate, 2000, called to clean the spots where your tongue, cheek or esophagus are the mouth “a mirror for general toothbrush can’t reach. When you enough to keep anyone from health and well-being.” The report can’t brush or fl oss, eating raw smoking or chewing tobacco. cited a strong tie between oral- celery, apples or carrots help Indeed, tobacco use is one of health problems and a range of clean teeth and freshen breath. the most unhealthy things you other diseases. Consider the Your dentist or dental hygienist can do to your mouth. About following: can watch you brush or fl oss to three in four cases of oral cancer ฀ About 95 percent of Americans make sure you’re doing it right. If result from smoking or chewing with diabetes also have periodontal you haven’t been to the dentist in tobacco. Yet every day, thousands disease, in part due to increased more than a year, schedule a of young Americans take their susceptibility to infections. check-up today. fi rst puff or chew, initiating what ฀ Respiratory ailments are for many will become a lifelong, often made worse when harmful Oral Health Issues. VA research debilitating and possibly lethal bacteria travel from the mouth spans a remarkable range of addiction. One recent study of into the lungs. topics in this area – from explor- Vermont youth found that nearly ฀ The fi rst signs of osteoporosis ing the biological mechanisms of a third had begun smoking by and HIV often appear in the periodontal disease to improving high school. mouth and can be detected during the oral health of homeless Whatever your age, it is never a routine oral exam. veterans. All VA dentists and too late to improve the lifestyle Whether oral diseases actually dental residents are encouraged to and hygiene habits that affect oral cause other health problems or conduct research studies in health. The most important steps merely refl ect underlying distur- conjunction with their clinical you can take are brushing and bances in the body is unclear in duties, and their fi ndings in fl ossing properly each day, rinsing many cases. Researchers are recent decades have greatly frequently, and avoiding sugary exploring the link further. But it enhanced dental care for veterans foods and tobacco. You should is clear that proper oral care and all Americans. note that cigars and pipes – long strongly improves overall health. One recent study deserves seen as “safer” ways to enjoy special mention: researchers at tobacco – can be just as harmful A Daily Routine. If you spend less Ann Arbor studied the outcomes to oral health as cigarettes and than two minutes brushing your of dental implants among more spit tobacco, according to VA teeth, you’re probably not remov- than 800 veterans at 32 dental research. ing all the plaque that causes clinics, fi nding that smoking cavities and harms the gums and signifi cantly decreases the Improved Overall Health. Taking bone around your teeth. Use a implant success rate. Yet another care of your mouth is important soft toothbrush that is not worn reason to quit. for the entire body. Obviously, or frayed, and brush all your teeth problems that affect your eating carefully from every angle. Also Nelda P. Wray, MD, MPH, is chief affect your nutrition and, in turn, brush your tongue. Electric or research and development offi cer for your overall health. But the “sonic” toothbrushes that have the Veterans Health Administration. connection goes beyond that. VA’s timer features help by reminding landmark Dental Longitudinal you to spend at least two minutes Living Well is designed to provide Study, which tracked the oral brushing. general information. It is not health of more than 1,200 veter- Use a toothpaste or rinse that intended to be, nor is it, medical ans between the late 1960s and contains fl uoride. Along with advice. Readers should consult the early 1990s, was one land- brushing and rinsing, make sure their personal physicians when mark study that established a link to fl oss at least once a day – they have health problems.

42 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine living well

Co-pay refund eligibility Lung cancer plan Veterans insured by the Hartford been covered by their insurance.” Life Insurance Co. or the USAA Veterans insured by Hartford or can save lives Life Insurance Co. may be eligible USAA who paid VA co-payments Survival rates for lung for refunds of VA co-payments. for VA medical care they received cancer are dismal and haven’t In a recent settlement with the from Jan. 1, 1995, through Dec. improved in more than 30 Department of Veterans Affairs 31, 2001, may ask VA for refunds years, says Dr. Thomas L. and a coalition of insurance of co-payments on a fi rst-come, Petty, Chairman of the industry groups, Hartford and fi rst-served basis. All requests for National Lung Health Educa- USAA paid VA approximately refunds must be postmarked by tion Program, a consulting $11.1 million. The settlement April 1, 2004. physician for Colorado Heart involves payments for care VA will notify by mail those & Body Imaging. provided by VA to insured veter- veterans who may be eligible for Petty says survivability ans with Medicare or TRICARE refunds according to records on could improve by targeting supplemental coverage from Jan. fi le. Other veterans who believe high-risk individuals for the 1, 1995, through Dec. 31, 2001. they may be eligible for refunds detection of early lung “This settlement clarifi es the may obtain claims-application cancer, using appropriate claims-reimbursement process,” forms by calling toll-free (866) diagnostic tools. Secretary of Veterans Affairs 258-2772 between 8 a.m. and 8 In an article for the Anthony J. Principi said. “It not p.m. EST Monday through Friday. National Lung Health only resolves the litigation but also They also may download applica- Education Program, Petty reimburses those veterans whose tions from the VA Web site at recommends an action plan co-payments to VA should have www.va.gov/hottopic. that begins with spirometry – a simple measurement of lung health that can be taken in any doctor’s offi ce. Blacks and diet-related diseases A spirometer simply The U.S. Department of Health from these diseases. measures the volume and and Human Services and the ฀ They have higher mortality fl ow of air a person can blow National Cancer Institute have rates from heart disease and out of fully infl ated lungs, partnered in a national campaign obesity than do other ethnic Petty says. Spirometry in to reduce the risk of chronic groups. current and former heavy diseases among black men. The Only 3 percent of black men are smokers is the most practical campaign focuses on motivating even aware that men should eat and cost-effective fi rst step in black men to eat nine servings of nine servings of fruits and the battle against lung cancer. fruits and vegetables a day to vegetables a day for better health. If spirometry is abnormal, reduce their risk for diet-related HHS and NCI will work together the next steps are sputum diseases that disproportionately with several black organizations analysis and low radiation affect the black community. and other health organizations to dose spiral CT or electron NCI’s campaign to reach black help get the “9 A Day” message beam CT (EBT) scans. men is among four national out to black men. These organiza- Sputum testing and imaging initiatives launched by HHS. tions include the American tests complement each other NCI is focusing its efforts on Cancer Society, National Medical well because they can reaching black men because they Association, National Association identify treatable lung suffer disproportionately from a for the Advancement of Colored cancer in the central air- variety of health conditions. People, National Association of ways and peripheral lung ฀ Overall, black men have the Black Journalists and Black tissue respectively. highest cancer incidence and Entertainment Television. If abnormalities in sputum mortality rates, as well as the The campaign also includes a or CT scans are found, highest rates for certain cancers new brochure for black men about follow-up is recommended. of any ethnic or racial group. the health benefi ts of eating more Cure rates in early lung ฀ They have the highest rates of fruits and vegetables, and tips on cancer treatment is 70 prostate cancer and high blood how to eat “9 A Day.” percent to 80 percent at fi ve pressure in the world. years based on studies in ฀ They are twice as likely as Source: U.S. Department of Health Japan, where screening is white men to develop diabetes. and Human Services. the standard. ฀ They develop diabetes and high blood pressure earlier in life For a copy of the “9 A Day” Source: Colorado Heart & than other men and are more brochure, call NCI’s Cancer Infor- Body Imaging. likely to suffer serious side effects mation Service at (800)422-6237.

July 2003 43 The American Legion Magazine legion news Arizona trumpeter has act that won’t quit

If the musical experience in Phoenix, one of his early of Leonard “Rosie” Ross of haunts. He later formed his Mayer, Ariz., isn’t some own band, Rosie’s Rhythm kind of American Legion Rustlers, that toured along color-guard record, it ought old Route 66. to be. Ross, at 97 years of When duty called during age, plays trumpet and World War II, Ross was put marches with his fellow in charge of a bugle corps Legionnaires of Ernest A. school and was ordered to Love Post No. 6 in Prescott, play every evening outside Ariz. He regularly performs the window of Gen. Dwight “Taps” at veterans’ funerals Eisenhower at Supreme and plays for patients at the Allied Command Headquar-

local VA hospital. StofferJeff ters in Europe. “It was When he’s not playing for customary,” Ross said of free, Ross is on the marquee at the the sugar blues for President George Ike’s request. Pine Cone Inn in Prescott. His W. Bush, as he wished, Ross did A Prescott resident since 1931, dinner-music gigs earned him last step up and perform with a progres- Ross formed a band in the early year’s Arizona Outstanding Older sive jazz band at a party in the 1960s to provide volunteer enter- Worker award from the state’s nation’s capital. “A f ter wa rd, all the tainment for VA hospital patients. Department of Economic Security. girls wanted to get their picture He has played the Pine Cone since He traveled last fall to Washington with me,” he said. 1949. Along with longtime friend for recognition by nonprofi t Experi- A professional musician since and keyboardist Tandy Andrade, ence Works Inc., along with a group 1920, Ross picked up the nickname Ross continues to perform a couple of other elderly workers selected for “Rosie” after he played “Rosie the of times a week from 6:30 p.m. to “Prime Time Awards” from each Bearded Lady” in a big-band 10:30 p.m. – “later if there’s a good state. While he did not get to play sideshow at the Riverside Ballroom crowd,” he says. Minnesota teen wins Oratorical Contest “Freedom is anything but free,” ship. Glaser was sponsored by seems, have forgotten a fundamen- said Henry “H.J.” Shea IV at the Albany, Ore., Post 10. Thomas tal truth entrenched in our Consti- 66th annual American Legion Joraanstad of Glendale, Ariz., a tution: that with those individual National High School Oratorical senior at Brophy College Prepara- rights comes important responsi- Championship. The fi nals were tory, earned third place. Joraanstad, bilities,” Shea said in his speach. conducted on the Indiana sponsored by Avondale Shea plans to attend Georgetown University-Purdue Univer- Post 61, received a $14,000 University’s School of Foreign sity campus in Indianapo- scholarship. Each of the Service in the fall. lis April 12 and 13. 54 contestants earned a Other contestants advancing to Shea’s speech, “Rights $1,500 scholarship. the semifi nals and their Legion and Responsibilities,” The scholarships sponsors were: Priscilla Neal of earned fi rst place and an account for a small Eva, Ala., Morgan County Post 15; $18,000 scholarship in his portion of approximately Nicholas Barbash of Washington, fi rst Legion Oratorical $3.5 million in post- FBI J. Edgar Hoover Post 56; Luke Contest. secondary scholarships Lusk of Warsaw, Ind., John C. Peter- A senior at Benilde-St. Carroll V. James The American Legion son Post 49; Alexandra Kieffer of Margaret’s High School in Wayzata, awards annually. Lamotte, Iowa, Bellevue Post 272; Minn., Shea was one of three In each round of competition, ora- Julia Anne Stoskopf of Hoisington, contestants from 54 department tors delivered a rehearsed eight-to- Kan., Hoisington Post 286; and champions to participate in the 10-minute address and a randomly Julianne Gale of Dedham, Mass., fi nal round of the national contest. assigned three-to-fi ve-minute William G. Walsh Post 369. He was sponsored by St. Louis oration on a constitutional topic, Each of the semifi nalists received Park’s Frank Lundberg Post 282. each without the benefi t of notes a $3,000 scholarship – $1,500 for William Glaser, a homeschooled and in front of a live audience, having competed in the quarterfi - junior from Scio, Ore., earned including judges. nal contest and $1,500 for compet- second place and a $16,000 scholar- “Many of these young people, it ing in the semifi nal contest.

44 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine WeWe foundfound ourour bestbest watchwatch inin aa historyhistory bookbook

n 1923, a small watchmaker in distinguished since every detail from the The watch comes with a 30 day no Switzerland designed the first watch to sweeping second hand to the genuine questions asked money-back guarantee. If Idisplay day, month, date, AM and leather strap has been carefully engineered. you’re not completely satisfied, simply return PM. It is rumored that only 100 of these This reissue is a limited edition that comes it for a full refund of the purchase price. magnificent timepieces were made and with a certificate of authenticity so that Not Available in Stores this mechanical marvel was almost lost to you will be able to own a collectors watch C all now to take advantage of this history. Today, early chronographs from far rarer than watches costing thousands limited offer. the 1920’s designed in the Schaffhausen more. 1923 Timepiece $299 $199 + S&H. region are so rare that one original watch This watch has a classic mechanical can fetch more than $300,000 at auction. movement with automatic power inspired 800-859-1602 These watches were among the most by the engineering breakthrough of John Promotional Code STR123 stylish and complex of the roaring 20’s. Harwood in 1923, thus the watch never Please mention this when you call. And yet no one has attempted to recreate needs batteries and never needs to be To order by mail, please call for details. the designs of these early chrongraphs manually wound. The watch comes in a until now. The watch design that you see beautiful mahogany toned wood case. here has been painstakingly created from This is a chance to claim a piece of designs in Watch history books printed in watchmaking history in an elegant design the 1920’s. The watch even has a rotating that is still priced to wear everyday. This AM/PM dial that graphically depicts the offer is being made directly to you so you 14101 Southcross Drive W. sun and the stars. The owner of this classic can add this watch to your collection at a Dept. STR123 chronograph watch is sure to look very affordable price. Burnsville, Minnesota 55337

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National Commander Ronald F. funding it needs to care for them,” Conley was quick to praise mem- he said. “VA needs mandatory bers of The American Legion when funding within the federal budget. he addressed the National Execu- Two bills to require mandatory tive Committee during the Spring funding of VA health care have Meetings May 4-8 in Indianapolis. been introduced in the Senate. And just as quickly, he challenged Legislation will be introduced in them to work even harder. the House. It is imperative that Conley spoke of continuing to members of The American Legion support our troops abroad and family contact their congressional their families back home and of representatives and ask their boosting membership efforts that support of this legislation. have lagged slightly behind last “We generated media coverage year’s performance. He also on the plight of the VA health-care focused on the need to continue system and in the circumstances pushing for mandatory VA health- of the veterans who use the care funding, saying that while the system. We made it politically Legion’s “I Am Not A Number” unpopular to support the $15 campaign did a great deal toward billion in cuts to veterans’ pro- shedding light on the problem, it’s grams over 10 years that were not enough to stop there. contained in the House Budget “We have a moral obligation to Committee’s resolution. We make sure the government keeps couldn’t have accomplished this its promise to our veterans, old without the grassroots appeals to and young, with a VA health-care Congress from you.” system that has the resources and However, Conley made it clear that this effort will continue long past his tenure as national commander. It won’t end, he said, until all eligible U.S. veterans – Smart Mower including those in harm’s way The today – receive the health care they deserve. “It’s important that for Small Lawns! the young men and women in

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Personal touch works in Post aids ailing Detroit membership drive teen, family Ohio 12th District Commander Elmer Thomas and District 12 American Legion Post 2 in First Vice Commander Joe Wylandt put together a team and Antigua, Guatemala, recently had returned to the basics to reach potential American Legion the opportunity of helping save the members outside Columbus. They used delinquent-members life of a seriously ill teen-ager. rosters and other lists and went door to door in several communi- Last year, Post Commander ties, seeking new and returning members. William Shetz received an e-mail The team organized from Peace Corps worker Jan four new posts in Funston, stationed in Guatemala. Gahanna, Reynolds- Funston was concerned about 17- burg, Dublin and year-old Andrea Mejia Arredondo Galloway. In a year’s from Melchor de Mencos, who was time, the membership suffering from leukemia. The teen at Reynoldsburg’s Post needed a bone-marrow transplant 798 increased by 244 or she might lose her life. Shetz put percent. Gahanna’s Funston in contact with Airline Post 797, which Ambassadors, whose motto is started with 26 “helping children in need at home members, grew to 156 and abroad.” members – an It was later determined the best increase of more than Walter Davis, right, the Department of Michigan’s place for this procedure was the 380 percent. membership director, explains benefi ts available to a National Institute of Health’s cancer Because of the potential Legionnaire. Davis and 29 others took part in hospital in Bethesda, Md. Through program, District 12 Detroit’s revitalization efforts in February. Steve Brooks the Children’s Cancer Hospital in led the department in Guatemala City, Funston made January by attaining its 2003 district goal. arrangements for Andrea’s surgery Michigan, too, returned to basics. In early February, several in Bethesda. Andrea’s sister was Legionnaires from post, district, department and national levels identifi ed as a suitable donor. staffed drop-in recruiting stations while others recruited door One problem remained: the cost to door. of transportation from Guatemala The revitalization effort attempted to reach between 120,000 to Maryland. Post 2 purchased and 150,000 veterans in the Detroit area. Previous membership round-trip airline tickets to Mary- fi gures for the four-district, 31-post area totaled just 1,200 land for the two sisters and their members. mother. Meanwhile, Legionnaires However, the primary mission of the program wasn’t membership. there also learned of another need. “Through this whole campaign, we never mentioned joining The Andrea was scheduled for several American Legion. Al Ford, Michigan Post Development Committee pre-surgery appointments in Chairman, said, “We told Detroit veterans we wanted to talk to Guatemala City several hours from them about benefi ts and what they’re entitled to. We fi gured if the her home, and the family could not service was good enough, they’d want to join.” afford overnight lodging. Post 2 The department placed ads in local newspapers and mailed letters stepped in again, providing hotel to members of Michigan’s headquarters post and to Legionnaires accommodations for the family in delinquent in renewal dues. Guatemala City so Andrea could “The fi rst time I went door to door, I was apprehensive,” Michigan keep her appointments. Membership Director Walter Davis said. “But it’s actually a lot of “The hospital did the bone- fun.” The key is telling veterans about the benefi ts of membership in marrow transplant, and Andrea The American Legion, he said. came home a month later,” Shetz Department service offi cers conducted town-hall meetings early said. “She and her sister are doing in the campaign to explain VA benefi ts and how to claim them. well. Andrea is now on medication At the end of one week, Detroit’s revitalization effort resulted in and goes to the hospital in Guate- 117 new members, 14 renewals and 356 transfers from the head- mala City for monthly checks. Her quarters post, boosting Detroit’s membership by 50 percent. But the cell count is improving each real reward came from the service the DSOs were able to provide, month, and the doctors expect a Ford said. More than 120 new contacts were made, and numerous full recovery. We’re very happy for claims were fi led or reopened. Andrea and her family, and also “We’re now scheduling town meetings once a month at various thankful to the many people who community centers around Detroit,” Ford said. “This provides the helped save the life of this girl.” perfect opportunity to reach veterans.”

July 2003 47 The American Legion Magazine comrades

How to Submit a Reunion contact name, address, telephone number and e-mail address. Send The American Legion Magazine publishes reunion notices for notices to The American Legion Magazine, Attn: Comrades Editor, veterans. Send notices to The American Legion Magazine, Attn: P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206, fax (317) 630-1280 or e-mail Comrades Editor, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206, fax (317) [email protected]. The magazine will not publish the names of indi- 630-1280 or e-mail [email protected]. viduals, only the name of the unit from which you seek people. Listings Include the branch of service and complete name of the group, no are published free of charge. abbreviations, with your request. The listing also should include the Life Membership notices are published for Legionnaires who have reunion dates and city, along with a contact name, telephone number been awarded life memberships by their posts. This does not include a and e-mail address. Listings are published free of charge. member’s own Paid-Up-For-Life membership. Notices must be submitted Due to the large number of reunions, The American Legion Maga- on official forms, which may be obtained by sending a self-addressed zine will publish a group’s listing only once a year. Notices should be stamped envelope to The American Legion Magazine, Attn: Life Mem- sent at least six months prior to the reunion to ensure timely publication. berships, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206. “Comrades in Distress” listings must be approved by the Legion’s Veterans Affairs & Rehabilitation division. If you are seeking to verify an Other Notices injury received during service, contact your Legion department service “In Search Of” is a means of getting in touch with people from your officer for information on how to publish a notice. unit to plan a reunion. Listings must include the name of the unit from “Taps” notices are published only for Legionnaires who served as which you seek people, the time period and the location, as well as a department commanders or national officers.

AIR FORCE KY, 9/18-22, Charles Barry, (814) 333-8051, Indianapolis, 9/17-19, John W. Bowling, (812) [email protected]; 7th Sqdn 17th Cav Rgt 378-5351, [email protected]; 282nd FA Bn 2nd Bombardment Assn, Covington, KY, (Air), Radcliff, KY, 9/18-21, Jose L. Martinez, 3rd Army (WWII), Keyser, WV, 9/26-28, Willis 10/9-12, Loy Dickinson, (720) 851-9663, (314) 423-7910, [email protected]; 10th R. Shumaker, (304) 788-3302; 292nd Eng Cbt [email protected]; 22nd Bomb Grp 5th AF Mtn Div (Midwest Chpt), Dayton, OH, 9/21-26, Bn (WWII), Omaha, NE, 8/12-14, Vernon Gan- (WWII), Albuquerque, NM, 10/15-18, Charlie Baker, Joann Williams (260) 244-7515; 25th Div 8th sebom, (402) 748-3864; 315th Bomb Wing, (408) 252-8942, charlie@carolandcharliebaker. FA Bn (Korea, 1950-1953), Hampton, VA, 9/16- Assn (VH), Dayton, OH, 9/3-7, Bev Green, com; 24th Bomb Sqd (H) 6th Bomb Wing (B-36) 21, Allen M. Smith, (612) 529-4567; 25th Div (217) 893-3197; 337th Inf Rgt 85th “Custer” (Walker AFB), Roswell, NM, 10/3-6, Warren Harris, 14th Inf Rgt (Korea, 1950-1953), Logansport, Div, Cincinnati, 9/4-7, Stanley McCabe, (513) (928) 567-3485, [email protected]; 51st FIW Assn IN, 9/5-8, Keith Walker, (574) 722-1069 752-9637; 373rd Ftr Grp 410th, 411th & 412th (Korea, 1950-1953), Omaha, NE, 9/5-7, Gene Sqdns, St. Louis, 9/16-17, Robert Colangelo, Zenk, (712) 263-5051 28th Div 112th Inf Rgt Assn, Indianapo- (716) 751-9969 lis, 9/11-14, Frank Small, (765) 436-2417, 79th Ftr Bomb Sqdn (Woodridge, England, [email protected]; 33rd Inf Rgt Cbt Team 390th AAA AW Bn, Buena Park, CA, 9/18, Carl 1952-1955), Columbia, SC, 9/18-20, Ray C. Gau- Assn, New Orleans, 10/9-12, Frank Ryan, (516) Murray, (714) 521-2995; 553rd Eng Heavy treaux, (225) 357-8198, [email protected]; 541-3891, [email protected]; 33rd Pontoon Bn (WWII), Green Bay, WI, 9/19-21, 87th Airdrome Sqdn 7th & 20th AAF, Tucson, Photo Recon Sqdn, Dayton, OH, 10/17-20, Allie O’Connell, (920) 438-7886; 58th AAA AZ, 10/18-20, Ray Rogers, (419) 734-4702, Walter Olick, (970) 522-3924; 37th FS 37th FIS AW Bn (WWII), Bedford, PA, 9/19-20, Bill [email protected]; 99th Bomb Grp (WWII), 37th FTS, Dayton, OH, Leslie Knapp, (210) Drobnich, (814) 766-2674; 603rd Medium Tank Colorado Springs, CO, 9/17-21, Robert J. 655-0908, [email protected] Co, Chesaning, MI, 8/12-14, Robert Lan- Bacher, (440) 365-3023; 307th Air Refueling caster, (715) 736-1919, [email protected]; Sqdn, Branson, MO, 9/15-18, Richard Amenell, 45th Inf Div 180th Inf Rgt, 9/18, Okla- 605th TD (WWII), Findlay, OH, 8/30-9/1, (757) 877-0316, [email protected] homa City, Larry Traw, (580) 924-6693, Lawrence Montgomery, (269) 685-8729, [email protected]; 52nd Eng (WWII), [email protected] 309th Ftr Sqdn 31st Grp (WWII), Phoenix, Oct, Wapakoneta, OH, 7/5, Donald Gross, (419) Dalton Smith, (201) 385-4950; 319th FIS, Atlan- 568-5417; 66th Eng Topographic Co (1951- 712th TBRO (Korea), Branson, MO, ta, 9/18-21, David G. Headen, (270) 258-5633, 1957), Norfolk, VA, 9/11-14, John Stephanos, 9/18-22, Bob Shannon, (910) 949-3920, [email protected]; 359th Ftr Grp (WWII, (410) 641-8055, [email protected]; 68th [email protected]; 778th Tank Bn (WWII), East Wretham, England), Boston, 8/21-24, Sig Bn, Buffalo, NY, 10/3-4, Larry Orechia, Chattanooga, TN, 9/23-28, George Nicholson, C.W. Staley, (608) 362-5513; 390th Bomb Grp (419) 668-5464; 73rd AAA AW Bn (SP), (574) 533-8576; 790th QM Reclamation & (H) 8th AF (WWII), Covington, KY, 9/9-14, Ken Branson, MO, 9/24-27, Harry Walters, (574) Maint Co, Appleton, WI, 9/20, Clarence Smits, Rowland, (509) 467-2565, [email protected]; 255-4471, [email protected] (920) 738-0503, [email protected]; 804th Eng 7167th Spec Air Missions Sqdn (SAMS), San Avn Bn, Wright-Patterson AFB, 9/7-10, Ralph Antonio, 10/16-18, John White, (903) 887-3858, 73rd Eng Cbt Bn (Korea, 1950-1960), E. Reynolds, (501) 915-9439, elworthy@ [email protected] Winchester, IL, 8/23, Howard Kurth, (319) ipa.net 465-4289; 85th Chem Mortar Bn, Myrtle B-57 Canberra Assn, Rapid City, SD, Beach, SC, 10/8-12, Regis L. Grogan, (843) 820th Eng Avn Bn (Beale AFB, 1953-1954), 9/12-16, John Prodan, (605) 348-9329, 357-8421; 91st MP Bn 289th, 560th & 563rd Asheville, NC, 10/2-4, Irwin Price, (845) 386- [email protected]; Black Pearl Vets (Iwo MP Cos (Pusan, Korea, 1952-1954), Birch 3462, [email protected]; 836th Eng Avn Jima), San Antonio, 9/14-17, Dick Moore, (830) Run, MI, 7/25-27, Bob Simon, (989) 792-3718, Bn, Crete, NE, 9/12-14, Clarence Pracheils, 379-1058, [email protected]; China-Burma- [email protected]; 92nd Armd FA Bn, (402) 826-5308; 3118th Sig Svc Grp, Fort India “Hump” Pilot’s Assn, St. Louis, 9/3-7, Branson, MO, 9/7-10, Peter Taormina, (561) Smith, AR, 9/4-7, J.D. Sands, (941) 625-3574, Peyton R. Walmsley, (808) 352-4449; Crash 732-8881, [email protected] [email protected]; 3119th Sig Svc Bn (WWII), Rescue Boat Assn, Tampa, FL, 10/9-12, John Charleston, SC, 10/9-12, Alice Laustsen, (908) Hagan, (727) 528-9093, buckpasser@earthlink. 97th Div 386th Rgt F Co, St. Louis, 647-0641; 3189th Sig Serv Bn “Ramblers,” net; Johnson AFB APO 994, San Antonio, 9/29-10/1, Tom Moore, (314) 961-4769, Medford, OR, 10/2-4, Don Goldman, (512) 446- 10/16-19, Claude Clawson, (740) 342-0138, [email protected]; 100th Inf Div, Nashville, 0371, [email protected] [email protected]; Pilot Tng Class 55K, Day- TN, 9/4-6, Roland Giduz, (919) 942-2194, ton, OH, 9/19-21, Tom Rowe, (321) 777-0219, [email protected]; 101st/503rd MP Bn (Italy, A Co 278th Eng Cbt, Elyria, OH, 10/3-5, [email protected] WWII), Niagara Falls, NY, 8/26-9/4, Harvey H. Francis Miller, (812) 963-5402; G Co 119th Miller, (727) 786-3529, [email protected]; Inf Div 30th Div, Chattanooga, TN, 9/18-20, ARMY 103rd Inf Div “Cactus Div,” Las Vegas, 9/28- Tom Floyd, (409) 866-8330; HQ 50th TCW 10/1, Douglas H. Stellner, (707) 642-2102; 441st TCG, Branson, MO, 9/10-13, Frank 2nd Armd Div Assn, Atlanta, 9/24-27, Lewis 109th Evac Hosp, Branson, MO, 8/14-17, Ehrman, (317) 271-8568; North African Div E. Bogart, (570) 546-9415; 4th Bn 20th FA, Howard M. Klitgaard, (414) 354-4857 Air Trans Cmd (1943-1946), Pigeon Forge, Lansing, MI, 10/18, Ronald Coultes, (517) 482- TN, 9/21-25, Carl Whipkey, (724) 235-9237, 6558, [email protected]; 4th Inf Div Assn, 109th Inf G Co 28th Div, Stroudsburg, PA, [email protected] Carol Stream, IL, 9/26-28, Joe Czyzyk, (630) 8/22-24, Robert F. St. Onge, (860) 774-4379; 980-9672; 4th Trans Heli Co 152nd Trans Heli 134th Inf 35th Inf Div, Mesa, AZ, 10/2-5, James Pilot Class 43K, Montgomery, AL, 10/23- Det, St. Louis, 9/17-21, Joe Mills, (636) 329- Graff, (217) 445-2570; 156th FA Bn 44th Inf 26, Harold A. Jacobs, (858) 485-9422, 0486, [email protected]; 5th Div Band & HQ Div, Toledo, OH, 9/11-14, Glen Edquist, (269) [email protected]; Saumur Sig Depot, Co Support Cmd, Salt Lake City, 9/27-28, Dave 683-6482, [email protected]; 243rd Branson, MO, 8/21-24, Arnold Lauer, (973) 667- Hansen, (208) 233-0686, [email protected] Port Co B Co 495th Port Bn (WWII), Myrtle 6131, [email protected]; SHAEF/ETOUSA Beach, SC, 10/16-18, D.M. Jacobson, (814) Assn (WWII), Charleston, SC, 10/6-8, William 6th Svc Sqdn 384th Bomb Grp, Myrtle 723-6278; 249th Eng Bn, Fredericksburg, VA, Lahman, (216) 721-0921, [email protected]; Beach, SC, 10/19-23, Fred Tichnell, (301) 9/11-13, Irmin C. Magruder, (540) 886-6941, US Constabulary Troopers, Killeen, TX, 334-6003; 7th Armd Div Assn, Fort Mitchell, [email protected]; 256th Eng Cbt Bn, 9/23-26, Robert Garrison, (972) 875-1001,

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Weeks DD 701, COAST GUARD bridge DLGN/CGN 25, Washington, 9/18-21, Bill Branson, MO, 9/23-26, Hal Gross, (772) 467- Neel, (703) 830-0644, [email protected]; USS Bai- 0130, [email protected]; USS John Willis DE North Coast NYCG Assn, Sackets Harbor, roko CVE 115, New Orleans, 10/22-26, Stephen 1027, Lancaster, PA, 10/2-5, Bob Kitchen, (215) NY, 9/12-14, Gordon Koscher, (330) 274-2927; M. Hinman, (985) 809-3260; USS Bradley DE/FF 698-1858, [email protected]; USS Joseph K. USCGC Spencer Assn, Las Vegas, 9/21-26, 1041, San Diego, 10/7-10, Bruce Gottsch, (845) Taussig DE 1030, Lancaster, PA, 10/2-5, Bob Jack Shampine, (315) 699-3127; USS Casper 634-3993, [email protected] Kitchen, (215) 698-1858, [email protected] PF 12 (WWII), Milwaukee, 9/4-6, Robert Dewitt, (559) 291-5424; USS Leonard Wood APA 12, USS Brown DD 546, Virginia Beach, VA, USS Josephus Daniels CG 27, Virginia Beach, Williamsburg, VA, 10/6-10, Gene Hoski, (734) 10/16-20, Ollie Poulson, (402) 391-4736, VA, 9/18-21, Robert Borland, coponthebeat@ 254-0844; USS Lowe DE 325, Williamsburg, VA, [email protected]; USS Calvert APA 32, adelphia.net; USS Karnes APA 175, Alexander 9/15-18, Thomas L. Taylor, (410) 335-5598 Savannah, GA, 9/10-14, John L. Cole, (507) Bay, NY, 9/5-11, Julius Shoulars, (757) 853- 789-6344; USS Caperton DD 650, San Diego, 4061, [email protected]; USS Keokuk, JOINT 10/16-19, Robert Smithson, (480) 496-0705, Syracuse, NY, 9/4-6, Sheila Quinlan, (315) [email protected]; USS Casablanca CVE 55, 243-3786, [email protected]; USS USS Pensacola CA 24/LSD 38, Albuquerque, Schaumberg, IL, 10/1-5, Milton H. Rowe, (717) Kleinsmith APD 134, Charleston, SC, 9/25-28, NM, 9/24-27, Ray V. Snapp, (937) 339-3217; 761-8526; USS Chanticleer ASR 7, Laughlin, Raymond Barnes, (636) 519-7676 ; USS LCS (L) Korean War Vets, Panmunjom Joint Sec Area, NV, 9/15-9/19, Robert Bilbrey, (217) 864-4276, 1-130, Memphis, 10/22-26, J. Keith Reid, (801) Aug, Ralph L. Smith, [email protected]; [email protected] 295-0909, [email protected] Marine/Navy WWII Paratroopers, Las Vegas, 10/14, D.E. Severance, (858) 459-0607; Wild USS Charles F. Hughes DD 428, Des Moines, USS Lester DE 1022, Lancaster, PA, 10/2-5, Bob Weasels Conv, Orlando, FL, 11/5-9, Allen Lamb, IA, 9/18-21, Richard Riley, (515) 274-2626, Kitchen, (215) 698-1858, [email protected]; (910) 739-3181, [email protected] [email protected]; USS Charo USS Lofberg DD 759, Seattle, 10/3-5, John AE 31, Louisville, KY, 10/8-10/12, Jim Harper, Loeb, (573) 437-8100, [email protected]; USS MARINES (866) 359-9147, [email protected]; USS Ches- Long Beach CGN 9, Buffalo, NY, 9/8-14, Don 1st Mar Div Scout-Recon Co (WWII), Lakeland, ter CA 27, Tampa, FL, 9/24-29, Tom Kopping, Shade, (866) 352-2469, lbcgn92aol.com; USS FL, 10/9-11, Vince Strawbridge, (863) 646-2324; (209) 478-3133, [email protected]; USS LST 454, Mobile, AL, 10/18-22, Tony Giglio, 3rd 155 Howitzer Btry/Mike Btry 4th Bn 12th Columbia CL 56, Philadelphia, 9/18-21, Bill (732) 381-8900; USS LST 758, Jeffersonville, Mar 3rd Mar Div, Las Vegas, 9/21-25, Paul Bohne, (610) 543-9073, [email protected]; USS IN, 7/24-28, Charlie Marking, (812) 952-2817, Christensen, (641) 444-4431; 5th Div Charlie Courtney DE 1021, Lancaster, PA, 10/2-5, Bob [email protected] Co 1st Bn 28th Mar (Iwo Jima), Oklahoma City, Kitchen, (215) 698-1858, [email protected] Victor A. McAtee, (620) 257-3224; Fox Co 2nd USS McDougal DD 358, Branson, MO, 9/24-28, Bn 7th Mar 1st Mar Div (Korea), Las Cruces, USS Davis DD 937, Waltham, MA, 10/9-12, Carl Harold Bell, (517) 699-5504; USS McNair DD NM, 10/1-4, Bob Gaines, (505) 524-4203; Par- Ross, (727) 847-0247, [email protected]; USS 679, Branson, MO, 11/5-11, Arthur Under- ris Island Drill Instructors (Pre-WWII-1946), Deuel APA 160, Mystic, CT, 9/23-25, Art Sander- wood, (319) 472-2724; USS Menard APA 201, Parris Island, SC, 9/30-10/3, Tiny Renaker, (810) son, (718) 252-5670, [email protected]; Pensacola, FL, 9/14-22, Robert B. Lloyd, (850) 982-2530 USS Eberle DD 430, Asheville, NC, 9/15-18, 432-0195, [email protected]; USS Merrick AKA Robert M. McKenzie, (856) 697-1587; USS Enter- 97, Branson, MO, 10/19-23, Richard Bonn, Point Mugu Mar Club, Branson, MO, 10/3- prise Operation Sea Orbit CVA(N) 65, Norfolk, (503) 982-7117; USS Miami CL 89, King of 5, R.S. Thompson, (801) 484-6259; USMSG VA, 7/29-8/1, Gary M. Arlaud, (515) 285-7568, Prussia, PA, 9/21-24, Jim Duff, (410) 641-8010, (American Embassy, Saigon, Vietnam), New [email protected]; USS Ernest G. Small DD/ [email protected] Orleans, 9/10-13, Mike Bertini, (910) 353-7377; DDR 838, Colorado Springs, CO, 9/4-7, Delbert VMA-225 (Chu Lai, So, Vietnam, 1965), Novi, Felisiano, (559) 275-0433, [email protected] USS Monrovia APA 31, Mount Mitchell, MI, 8/14-17, Dave Shapleigh, (248) 347-7811, KY, 10/2-5, George Swarts, (859) 283-2984, [email protected]; VMF/VMA-124, USS Eugene A. Greene DD/DDR 711, Branson, [email protected]; USS Nespelen AOG Fayetteville, AR, 10/23-25, David Hallin, (901) MO, 9/18-21, Glenn Herman, (559) 732-1766, 55, Philadelphia, 10/2-5, Ed Orr, (479) 248-7156, 386-8738, [email protected]; VMSB- [email protected]; USS Fletcher [email protected]; USS Oak Hill LSD 333, Pittsburgh, 9/29-10/1, Robert Jacko, (269) DD/DDE 445/DD 992, Great Falls, MT, 9/10-13, 7, San Diego, 10/16-19, Pat Patterson, (928) 381-3059 John Rust, (970) 669-4022, [email protected]; 337-2670, [email protected]; USS Ober- USS Flint CL 97, San Diego, 9/25-27, George on AKA 14, Covington, KY, 9/18-21, Bob Chea- Stai, (320) 269-8403; USS Frederick Funston dle, (541) 536-5038, [email protected]; USS NAVY APA 89, Charleston, SC, 9/7-10, Walter Schwart- Ozbourn DD 846, San Antonio, 10/8-12, W.D. 7th Navy Beach Bn, Alexander Bay, NY, 9/5-11, ing, (262) 367-0055, [email protected]; USS Minter, (903) 794-4748, [email protected] Julius Shoulars, (757) 853-4061, jes7rubi@ Gen. A.E. Anderson AP/TAP 111, Mobile, AL, infionline.net; 17th, 53rd & 120th Seabees 9/25-28, Gene Hamelman, (214) 726-9390, USS Pictor AF 54, Branson, MO, 9/25-28, John (WWII), Rapid City, SD, 9/25-28, Bill Merrill, [email protected] L. Tollefson, (307) 382-2283, jtollefs@ (219) 762-2048; 28th Spec Seabees (WWII), wyoming.com; USS Piedmont AD 17, Kansas Missoula, MT, 9/18-21, Dean Hanson, (406) USS George E. Davis DE 357, Milwaukee, City, KS, 10/16-19, John Geraghty, (732) 341- 251-4122; 36th NCB (WWII), Minneapolis, 10/16-19, Rod Hoffmaster, (610) 926-4590, 0709, [email protected]; USS Pima County 9/4-6, Kermit McDonald, (651) 636-7297, [email protected]; USS Grady DE 445, Denver, LST 1081, Indianapolis, 9/8-11, Leo Clayton, [email protected]; 73rd Seabee Bn, 9/14-18, Cecil W. Hammond, (765) 987-7469; (765) 288-0593; USS Pursuit AGS 17/AM 108, Abilene, TX, 7/23-27, C.A. Dry, (915) 754-5235 USS Griffin AS 13, St. Joseph, MO, 9/17-20, Portland, OR, 9/25-27, Arlie H. Wooter, (302) Garland Roach, (660) 564-2518; USS Halsey 875-0136, [email protected]; USS Quincy 90th Seabee Bn, Columbus, OH, 9/17- Powell DD 686, Norfolk, VA, 10/1-5, Michael CA 71, Norfolk, VA, 9/25-28, Bill Appler, (410) 20, James Patterson, (614) 837-7946, Baker, (616) 392-3547, [email protected]; 549-0970 [email protected]; 107th Seabees, Omaha, USS Hartley DE 1029, Lancaster, PA, 10/2-5, NE, 9/11-14, Leland Schweikert, (402) 332-5721, Bob Kitchen, (215) 698-1858, [email protected] USS Rainier AE 5, San Antonio, 9/25-27, [email protected]; 137th & 139th Joseph P. Appelt, (830) 249-8575; USS Rall DE NCBs (WWII), New London, CT, 9/9-12, William USS Helm DD 388, Milwaukee, 9/21-25, Micky 304, San Antonio, 10/7-12, William Shumate, Sass, (636) 397-3373; Naval Reserve Center Burgemeister, (414) 697-0862; USS Hickox DD (303) 838-2177, [email protected]; (Cadillac, MI), Wellston, MI, Peggy Cook, (231) 673, Branson, MO, 9/14-18, Jerry Cawley, (732) USS Samuel N. Moore DD 747, San Fran- 775-4949, [email protected] 283-0556, [email protected]; USS Hono- cisco, 9/24-28, Bob Culver, (402) 489-5910, lulu CL 48/SSN 718, Honolulu, 9/10-14, Lou [email protected]; USS San Francisco CA NSA/NSF (Da Nang, Vietnam), San Diego, Nockold, (949) 644-6105, [email protected]; 38, Kansas City, MO, 9/18-20, Herbert Holbrook, 10/10-12, Robert Woolner, (661) 251-8813, USS Horace A. Bass APD 124, San Francisco, (707) 678-9348; USS San Marcos LSD 25, [email protected]; PB2Y Coronado Flying 10/27-29, Douglas A. Hatch, (518) 647-5397; Annapolis, MD, 9/11-14, Ray Willis, (419) 331- Boat Sqdns, Pensacola, FL, 11/6-9, Joseph M. USS Hornet CVS 12 (CVSG-57, 1960-1970), 4699, [email protected] Angelillo, (860) 628-2173, [email protected]; San Diego, 9/25-28, J. Dekker, (619) 524-1421, Patrol Sqdn 11 NAS VP-11, Brunswick, ME, [email protected] USS San Saba APA 232, Albuquerque, NM, 9/5-7, Mike Brittingham, (804) 560-3306, 10/1-5, Philip A. Poupore, (520) 363-5420, [email protected]; USS Alcor AD 34, Seattle, USS Howard W. Gilmore AS 16, Seattle, [email protected]; USS Sicily CVE 118, 10/5-8, Tom Madden, (206) 282-3788 9/18-22, Roscoe Wise, (740) 992-2675, Norfolk, VA, 9/14-17, Ed Smith, (410) 758-1659, [email protected]; USS Izard DD 589, Kissim- [email protected]; USS Sierra AD 18 (1944- USS Alderamin AK 116, Kansas City, MO, mee, FL, 9/3-7, Mario Tortora, (508) 295-8265; 1994), Corpus Christi, TX, 10/16-19, Dorwin Wal- 9/26-28, Al Saunders, (816) 836-0741; USS USS James O’Hara APA 90, Atlantic City, NJ, lace, (512) 303-3647; USS Thomaston LSD 28, Alexander Hamilton SSBN 617, New London, 10/14-16, Arthur D. Beasley, (804) 526-1203; St. Louis, MS, 11/6-8, David Hammock, (319) CT, 10/16-19, Bob Waters, robertwaters4@ USS John M. Bermingham DE 530, Pensacola, 396-5065, [email protected]; USS

50 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine

comrades

Trenton Reunion Grp, Aurora, CO, 9/11-14, McCormick, Lewis A. McGill, Ira W. McGoni- Germany, Jan 1968-Aug 1970), Harold De Robert J. Drew, (636) 583-3182 ; USS Valencia gal, Perry M. McKean, John McKinney, Albert Lellis, PSC 3 Box 937, APO AE 09021, 011/49/ AKA 81, Gettysburg, PA, 11/6-9, Charlie Dell, D. McKivison, Connie D. McKivison, Ray M. 6306-2791 (717) 732-1667; USS Vinton AKA 83, Tuscola, McKivison, Robert G. McKivison, C. Grant Miller, 92nd Inf “Buffalo” Div WWII Assn & 366th Inf IL, 9/22-25, Jack Corbit, [email protected]; Cleve Jeffery Miller, John W. Miller, Kenneth J. (Sept 1941-June 1945), Joseph L. Stephen- USS Van Voorhis DE 1028, Lancaster, Miller, Robert E. Miller, Wilbur K. Miller, William S. son, (301) 438-3931 PA, 10/2-5, Bob Kitchen, (215) 698-1858, Miller, Earl R. Moore, Sonny C. Motter, Glenn B. 96th FA Bn (Korea, 1950-1958), Arnold Ander- [email protected]; USS Wasp CV 7, Branson, Nihart, Glenn W. Peck, James E. Peck, Dale R. son, (605) 673-6313 MO, 9/11-14, L.L. McDonough, (231) 796-5329, Phillips, Peter C. Piedmont, Daniel L. Pinkowski 96th FA Bn 155 Howitzers 8th Army I Corps [email protected]; USS West Virginia BB Sr., Jack Probst, Robert C. Ream, Theodore (Sept 1954-Mar 1956), Chester R. Manders- 48/SSBN 736, Boston, 9/9-14, Joseph D. Variot, E. Reeder, Doyle M. Rine, William C. Royer, cheid, (508) 323-1745 (231) 584-2280, [email protected] Clayton F. Rupert, Harris M. Rupert, Henry F. 97th LCU Boat Co (Vietnam, 1965-1966), Salisbury, Edward William Scantlin, Irvin Richard Charles Kidwell, (731) 803-2857 USS Whitfield County LST 1169, Louisville, Scantlin, Kenneth R. Schenck, Mario Schirato, 98th Army Band (Trieste, Italy, 1949-1952), KY, 10/9-12, Carl Forbes, (304) 278-5722, John W. Scrimshaw, Dean W. Selfe, James M. Anthony Matarazzo, (321) 724-1983 [email protected]; USS Wilkinson DL 5, Shadle, Richard B. Shady, Robert M. Shady, 110th Seabees (Pacific, WWII), Frank Liguori, Branson, MO, 9/18-21, John Manley, (310) 834- Darman D. Sherman, Dewey J. Smith, George (856) 235-9006 8068, [email protected]; USS Wiltsie DD 716, H. Spangler, Ronald D. Spangler, Adam L. Stiver, 180th Eng Heavy Pontoon Bn A Co (1944), Mount Laurel, NJ, 10/3-5, Frank Russo, (201) Fred A. Stover, Earl H. Streck, Gary J. Styers, Loyd A. Fox, (304) 884-7416 529-5892, [email protected]; USS Windsor Richard K. Sweeley, Phillip A. Taormina Jr., Paul 193rd Inf C Co (Fort Davis Canal Zone, APA 55, Gettysburg, PA, 10/19-23, Adolph Loch, D. Thompson, Richard E. Titus Jr., Joseph B. Panama, Dec 1972-Nov 1973), M. Lawson, (586) 727-2636; USS Wyoming BB 32/EAG 17/ Tomalous, Earl C. Tressler, William E. Tyson, 19761 Turner Road, New Caney, TX 77357 SSBN 742, Branson, MO, 9/23-26, John Winters, Fred K. Walker, Harry S. Walker, Ned L. Walker, 243rd Eng Cbt Bn (1943-1946), Bill Forsberg, (419) 823-7524; VPB-117, Pensacola, FL, 10/2-5, Arthur R. Wadsworth, Ellis J. Warner, Arthur (814) 687-4008, [email protected] William A. Swink, (228) 255-3738; VPB/VP-26, D. Watson, Boyd A. Welch, Edward P. Welch, 302nd MP Escort Co (USA D-Day, France, Hol- Corpus Christi, TX, 9/26-30, C.T. Lipps, (816) Richard L. Wenker, Greg F. Wensel Jr., Russell A. land, Germany, 1943-1945), Bill Heath, (253) 796-6065 Williamson, Harry E. Winters, Arthur Workman 863-1481, [email protected] Jr., Kermit W. Yearick, Paul M. Young 304th LEMCO KKMC (Saudi Arabia, June-Nov LIFE MEMBERSHIPS Post 144, NY: Charles F. Boyd, Robert E. 1991), Richard W. Campbell, (919) 217-8085 Valentine 317th CML Co (PROC) (Fort McClellan, AL, Post 171, AL: Rene Aguilar, Jack Akers, Eugene 1960), Carol Ludden, (585) 593-0311 J. Grimes, R.T. Sides, Ottis Wilson COMRADES IN DISTRESS 382nd MP Bn (Germany, 1952-1955), George Post 109, AZ: Arthur L. McMahon McBride, (631) 928-2796 Post 106, CA: Arthur A. Cortner, Ralph R. Mai- Tokyo Army Hospital Baseball Team. Daniel F. 457th AAA B Btry 2nd AA (Europe, 1943- berger, Joseph J. Ranier, H.E. Sandel, James Dunn needs witnesses to verify he was spiked 1946), Roy Cunningham, (803) 327-6430, T. Schmitt, Lawrence Westen in the knees during a baseball game at Osaka [email protected] Post 41, FL: Miriam L. Hanson Baseball Field in July 1952. CID 1450 500th Bomb Grp/881st Bomb Sqdn (Saipan, Post 58, FL: Carl F. Boos, Anthony T. Nikelevic 1944-1945), J.C. Wright, (845) 561-3454, Post 303, FL: Kevin D. Dermody, Thomas J. IN SEARCH OF [email protected] Huckleberry 507th Cbt Eng (1944), Loyd A. Fox, (304) 884- Post 57, IA: Donald Bistline, Richard C. Bridge, 1st Missile Bn 33rd Arty 210th Grp (Barton Bar- 7416 Harold L. Evans, Virgil Greenwood, John M. racks, Ansbach, Germany, 1960s), Kenneth E. 508th ARCT, Jack K. Damron, 26164 Waterfowl Kelley Rutz, (989) 738-5697, [email protected] Lane, Punta Gorda, FL 33983, jdamron@ Post 382, MA: John F. Clark 2nd Armd Div 14th Arty C Btry (Op Big Lift, red-devils.org Post 47, MI: Edward Ambrose, Herbert Knapp, 1961-1964), David S. McCoy, 750 2nd Ave., 548th, 550th MP Cos (Fort Gulick, Panama Robert Noppert, J.D. Scoby Gallipolis, OH 45631, [email protected] Canal Zone, 1948-1950), Brooks H. Vinson, Post 155, NJ: Ord A. Campbell, Joseph A. 2nd Armor Div Def Plt Honor Guard (Bad (818) 248-4647 DeLukey, Michael L. Loia, William J. Lopata, Kreuznach, Germany, 1954-1957), Skip Cha- 557th MP Co (Vietnam, 1971-1972), Charles Anthony Lori, Edward J. Makowski, William J. rest, (308) 799-4022 Kidwell, (731) 803-2857 Pillion, Edward J. Safko, Frederick J. Sherm, 2nd Div 9th Rgt E Co (Korea, Apr 1953-July 594th FA Bn SPM-40 Guns (Giessen, Alan W. Wilt 1954), Dick Hackworth, (937) 276-4393 Germany, 1954-1957), Robert J. Shook, Post 338, PA: Joseph W. Bolger, M.H. Maurer, 3-49 Class Electronics School (Great Lakes, 115 Dorothy Lane, Troy, OH 45373, John C. Miller 1948-1949), Jack Shultz, (815) 923-2715, [email protected] Post 623, PA: Kenneth E. Allen, Manuel L. [email protected] 619th Ammo Co (Kyushu, Japan, 1949-1950), Andrus, William F. Aurand, Grover Barner, L. 3rd Amph Corp (Okinawa, 1945-1946), Joe Naaman Washington, (915) 821-9617 Neal Barraclough, Harry E. Bathurst, Herbert Valastro, (518) 793-2437 728th MP Bn (Ascom City, Korea, 1959-1960), C. Bechdel, LeRoy Bechdel, Lynn A. Bechdel, 3rd Eng Bn (1988-1996), Darrell E. Hansen, Robert Soard, (386) 961-8069 Paul H. Bennett, Joseph E. Berry, Christie G. (770) 531-9305, [email protected] 833rd EAB, 923rd EAG H&S Cos (RAF Base, Bitner, James B. Bitner, Robert C. Bitner, Charles 3rd Med Tank 35th Armor 7th U.S. Army (Bam- Toul Rosiere, France, 1955-1956), R.E. Mor- L. Bittner, Gerald F. Bittner, Kenneth A. Bittner, berg, Germany, 1963-2003), Tom Howard, gan, 143 Fox Hill Lane, Fairmont, WV 26554, Robert C. Bittner, Thomas E. Bittner, William (907) 338-1961 [email protected] R. Bloss, Dorsey R. Bottorf, William E. Bowers, 11th Evac Hosp (Fort Hood, TX & Korea, 1950- 1099th Medium Boat Co (Vietnam, 1968-1969), Thomas Rodney Bowes, Walter G. Bowes, 1951), Vern Bosh, (814) 696-4482 Charles Kidwell, (731) 803-2857 Richard C. Bowman, William T. Bowman, John 19th Troop Carrier Sqdn (Oahu, Hawaii, May 1157th LSC Western Base Sect (Metz, France, E. Bressler, Eugene R. Brungart, Donald W. 1942-Feb 1945), Joseph Anzalone, (973) 1945-1946), Vern Bosh, (814) 696-4482 Buskirk, Frederick Eugene Butler, Robert D. 772-9259 3286th Ord Base Depot Co (Charleroi-Namur, Calderwood, Robert J. Campana, Louis F. 21st Evac Hosp Nurses (Needles, CA, & Luzon, Belgium, 1944-1945), Fred Pelka, (973) 822- Carter, Gene A. Confer, Charles W. Connelley, Philippines, WWII), Robert Murphy, (760) 728- 1171, [email protected] James R. Conti, Donald W. Conway, Ellsworth 7245, [email protected] 3356th TT Sqdn (Pneumatic Systems School, J. Conway, Arlin Day, Donald E. Day, Gerald F. 35th Bn USN V-5 Preflight School (Chapel Hill, Chanute AFB, Ill., 1952-1960), Jacques A. DeFour, Purley E. DeHaas, Robert E. Deitrich, NC, Sept-Dec 1943), Robert F. Zahn, (337) Hahn, (651) 429-5136 W. Kenneth Dietz, Chester L. Dixon Sr., Clarence 392-9426, [email protected] 3468th MM Co (Rheda, Germany, 1944), S. E. Dolan, Nevin C. Dress, Robert E. Erickson, 44th Inf Div (Camp Cooke, CA, & Fort Lewis, Lipka, (203) 237-4831, [email protected] Clair E. Falls, Robert E. Fetter, Thomas F. Fulrz, WA, 1952-1954), Paul H. Stern, (217) 428-0069 3711th Basic Mil Tng Sqdn Flt 411 (Lackland Paul F. Fye Jr., Charles Ross Gardner, H. Richard 49th Stat Hosp (St. Neots, England, AFB, Oct-Nov 1979), Tom Berry, (480) 390- Gates, William R. Gates, John H. Gilmore, 1943), William L. Flagler, (408) 374-6386, 7116, [email protected] Archie F. Girton, Paul E. Girton, Kenneth E. [email protected] 3920th Air Police Sqdn (Brize Norton, England, Glossner, Raymond L. Gray, Jack Gundlach, 52nd Ftr Wing (Mitchell Field, NY, McGuire 1952-1955), Fred Boring, [email protected] Vernon L. Gunsallas, Ronald J. Hackenburg, AFB, NJ & Suffolk County AFB, NY, 1948- 4258th Org Maint Sqdn Strat Wing B-52s Arthur M. Heck Sr., Thomas W. Heltman, Terry 1968), Lew Crispell, P.O. Box 1194, Kingston, (Thailand, 1968-1969), Mrs. Terrance G. Alden, W. Hendricks, Elwood M. Hepler, Richard C. NY 12402, [email protected] (603) 627-3537, [email protected] Herman, Clair Heverly, Jack Heverly, Joseph E. 55th QM Depot (Reims, France, 1946), Vern 6604th AP Sqdn (St. John’s, Newfoundland, Hills, Bruce A. Holter, Marvin L. Irwin, R. David Bosh, (814) 696-4482 Canada, June 1955-Oct 1958), Ronald W. Irwin, William E. Justice, Miles D. Kessinger Jr., 61st Org Maint Sqdn (Hickam AFB, Hawaii, Whitworth, 10855 Forest Road, Forest, VA Harold E. Killinger Jr., Dale E. Klickner, William 1966-1970), James R. Noggle, (828) 322-7949, 24551, [email protected] H. Kunes, Frank A. LaRosa, Floyd A. Layne, [email protected] A Btry 89th FA 11th Abn Div (1951-1954), Joe Jerry T. Leathers, Carl A. Lindsey, Lloyd K. Long, 75th Armd FA (Korea, 1951-1953), James W. Bettis, (830) 899-3710, [email protected] William A. Long, Donald W. Ludlow, Robert Donham, (903) 537-2915 A Co 2nd Heavy Tank Bn 33rd Armor 7th U.S. E. Martin, George E. Matis, Arthur L. Mayes, 75th Mil Gov HQ & HQs Co (Aomori, Japan, Army (Aschaffenburg, Germany, 1958-1963), Willard Mayes, Clyde W. McCloskey, Thomas 1946), H. Wade Gurley, (478) 477-6747 Tom Howard, (907) 338-1961 A. McCloskey Jr., Melvin E. McCombs, J. Paul 91st LEMC 81st Maint Co (Kaiserslautern, A Co 6th Armd Inf (North Africa, Northern Italy 52 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine & Germany, 1943-1945), Joseph Kuderski, Earl Borlace, (516) 392-5094, [email protected] (516) 742-4760 USS Lindenwald LSD 6 (Little Creek, VA, Arctic A Trp 6th Constabulary Sqd (Coburg, Germany, Dewline Projects, 1954-1956), Raymond L. 1946-1947), John M. Welk, (717) 397-1828 Scott, (716) 649-0476 Air Cadet Tng Catawba College (Salisbury, NC, USS Omaha CL 4 (WWII), Harry A. Small- Feb-June 1944), Manuel “Joe” Vincent Jr., (508) ing, 614 Passaic Ave., Clifton, NJ 07012, 997-4371, [email protected] [email protected] Americal Div C Co 3rd Bn 1st Inf (Jan-May USS Windlass ARS(D) 4 (1945-1965), Bob 1969), Aurelio Menchaca, (661) 809-3081, McArdle, 906 N. 7th St., Bellevue, IA 52031, [email protected] [email protected] Amph Grp 13 (Intelligence Dept, Leyte, Philip- VAW-11 & VAW-13 (USS Bon Homme Richard pines, 1945-1946), Maurice Van Dyke, (412) CVA 31, Det Echo WESTPAC, 1961), Oscar 835-5802 Rex, (208) 263-8482 Army Rosilier Ammo Depot Activ APO 122 VMR-252 (Guam, Apr-June 1945), Edward H. (Verdon, France, 1963-1966), Issac Thomas, Clohessey, 62 Hilltop Trail, Sparta, NJ 07871, (334) 745-7410, [email protected] [email protected] Bismarck Bomb Plot Det 10 11th RBS Sqdn VP-45 P5M Flying Boats (Bermuda, 1961), (1960s), Dennis W. Johnson, (702) 240-5034, John E. “Jack” Hawley Sr., 907 Forest Hill Drive, [email protected] Greensboro, NC 27410, [email protected] C Co 141st Inf Rgt 36th Inf Div (Camp Livings- YO 223 (Long Beach Naval Base, CA, 1959), ton, LA, 1945), Vern Bosh, (814) 696-4482 Lucian Simmons Jr., 4960 Newport Road, Oil C Trp 1st Sqdn 4th Cav 1st Inf Div (Vietnam, Trough, AR 72564 Oct 1968-Oct 1969), Joe Raisleger, (920) 863- 8570, [email protected] TAPS D Btry 483rd AAA Missile Bn (Packanack, NJ, 1955-1956), LeRoy Carlson, (815) 264-3237, John G. Gotzen, Dept. of Maryland. Nat’l [email protected] Americanism Cncl. Memb. 1996-1969 and Nat’l H Co 12th Inf (Fort Ord, CA, Nov 1949-April Americanism Cncl. Vice Chmn. 1970-1978. 1950), Ralph L. Kolkow, (541) 479-2047 George F. Himmel Jr., Dept. of New Jersey. HQ Co Machine Records Installation (Camp Nat’l Sec. Cncl. Memb. 1977-1978, Nat’l Lejeune, NC, 1954-1956), M.W. “Red” Mbrshp. & Post Activ. Cmte. Memb. 1978-1979, Mahoney, (708) 288-8864 Dept. Cmdr. 1986-1987, Nat’l Foreign Relations HQ Det 47th Ord Grp (Stuttgart, Germany, June Vice Chmn. 1985-1995, and Nat’l Legis. Cncl. 1960-Mar 1962), Mike Mills, (219) 365-3077, Memb. 1993-1994 and 1999-2000. [email protected] W.B. Brad Jorgens, Dept. of Minnesota. Nat’l Mar Guard Co (Mar Barracks NAS Patuxent Sec. Cncl. Vice Chmn. 1979-1985, Dept. Cmdr. River, MD, 1948-1951), Joe Pannick, (570) 1984-1985, Nat’l Defense Civil Preparedness 346-5643 Cmte. Memb. 1985-1988, Nat’l American Naval School of Printing CPOs & Instruc- Legion Magazine Cmsn. Memb. 1987-1993, tors (Anacostia, Washington, DC & NATTC, Nat’l Finance Cmsn. Memb. 1995-2003 and Memphis, TN, 1946), Robert A. Reisner, (619) Nat’l Child Welfare Foundation 2000-2003. 582-7084 Samuel McNeal, Dept. of District of Columbia. Serv Co 110th Inf 28th Div (WWII), Bill Zozula, Nat’l Law & Order Cmte. Memb. 1972-1979, (724) 887-5973 Nat’l Foreign Relations Cncl. Memb. 1981-1982 TUSLOG Det 28 (Karamursel, Turkey, 1960- and Nat’l Distinguished Guests Cmte. Vice 1961), Mike Shanahan, (219) 845-3148 Chmn. 1984-2003. USS Cowie DD 632, Calvin Stevenson, (605) Merrill L. Norton, Dept. of New Mexico. Nat’l 934-2151, [email protected] Americanism Cncl. Memb. 1964-1965 and USS Eldorado AGC 11 “N” Div QMs (1952- 1969-1971, Nat’l Law & Order Cmte. Memb. 1954), Ralph Rice Jr., P.O. Box 794, Ingleside, 1967-1971, Dept. Cmdr. 1968-1969, Nat’l TX 78362 Sec. Cncl. Vice Chmn. 1968-1969, 1971-1973 USS Intrepid CVA 11 OS “Signal” Div (1955- and 1979-1983, Nat’l Americanism Cncl. Vice 1957), Nate “Davy” Crawford, (615) 834-2327, Chmn. 1969-1970, Nat’l Distinguished Guests [email protected] Cmte. Memb. 1970-1971, Nat’l Exec. Cmte. USS Klondike AD/AR 22 (1945-1971), Bill Memb. 1973-1975, Nat’l Sec. Cmsn. Liaison Swope, 713 Greenbriar Terrace, St. Joseph, MO Cmte. Memb. 1973-1975, Nat’l Counter-Sub- 64506, [email protected] versive Activ. Cmte. Memb. 1977-1980 and USS LCT(R) 368 (Normandy, France, WWII), Nat’l Legis. Cncl. Memb. 1979-1986.

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July 2003 55 The American Legion Magazine parting shots Insurance policies always exclude “acts of God.” What do they think dying is – a recreational pastime?

AN ARMY RECRUIT who wasn’t meant to be a soldier went out to the rifl e range for the fi rst time. He missed every target and most of the hills behind them. Despon- dent, he said to the sergeant, “I think I’ll just go and shoot myself.” “Better take a couple of extra bullets,” the sergeant replied.

“NOT ALL CHEMICALS are bad. Without chemicals such as hydrogen and oxygen, for example, “Let’s just hand each other one, read it, put it back there would be no way to make and save ourselves fi ve bucks.” water, a vital ingredient in beer.” that airplane, I might never get – Dave Barry another chance.” “Morris,” Esther replied, “that MORRIS AND HIS WIFE, Esther, airplane ride costs $50, and $50 went to the state fair every year. is $50.” And every year, Morris would The pilot overheard them and say, “Esther, I’d like to ride in said, “Folks, I’ll make you a deal. that airplane.” I’ll take you both up for a ride. If “I know, Morris,” Esther would you can stay quiet for the entire reply, “but that airplane ride ride and not say one word, I won’t costs $50, and $50 is $50.” charge you. But if you say even One year, the couple went to one word, it’s $50.” Morris and the fair and Morris said, “Esther, Esther agreed, and up they went. I’m 85 years old. If I don’t ride The pilot did all kinds of twists and turns, rolls and dives, but not a word was heard. He did all his tricks again Picasso’s mother and still not a word. When they landed, the A MAN GETS A JOB with the pilot turned to Morris and county painting lines down the said, “By golly, I did every- center of the highway. The thing I could think of to get supervisor tells him he is expect- you to yell, but you didn’t.” ed to paint two miles of highway “Well,” Morris replied, “I a day, and the man goes to work was going to say something immediately. The fi rst day he when Esther fell out, but $50 paints four miles. “Great,” the is $50.” supervisor thinks. The next day the man paints two miles, but the ON NEW YEAR’S EVE, a supervisor thinks, “Well, that’s lady stood up at the local pub good enough.” The third day the and said it was time to get man only paints one mile. ready for the celebration. At “What’s the problem?” his boss the stroke of midnight, she asks. “An injury? Some reason wanted every husband to be you keep painting less and less standing next to the one highway?” person who made his life The man replies, “Well, I keep “The disposable camera? I threw it out. worth living. The bartender getting farther and farther from So when do we get the pictures?” was almost crushed to death. the bucket.”

56 July 2003 The American Legion Magazine Asbestos Cancer Hits Former Sailors

Many sailors who served their country proudly aboard ships in the World War II, Korean, and Vietnam War eras, are now being diagnosed with asbestos-related cancers.

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100% Blue Tan No Risk Button Button Down Down Guarantee Blue • Shorts Wash and Wear! ORDER SHIRTS HERE Regular Sizes: S(34-36) M(38-40) L(42-44) XL(46-48) *Big Men (just $3 more each): ORDER ANY 2XL(50-52) 3XL(54-56) 4XL(58-60) pieces for WHAT HOW HERE! SHIRSHIRTS!TS! 7T8–15402 SIZE? MANY? 2 99* YY Tan Zip Front SHORTS! YZ Tan Button Down 29 LJ Blue Zip Front Haband 3 for 44.93 4 for 59.91 K0 1600 Pennsylvania Ave., Peckville, PA 18452 Blue Button Down Shirts & shorts are polyester/cotton, Send ____ shirts & ____ shorts. I enclose $______ORDER SHORTS HERE all machine wash, purchase price plus $4.95 toward postage. Waists: 30 32 34 imported GA residents add sales tax 36 38 40 42 44 Check *Big Men (just $3 more per pair): 46 48 50 52 54 Exp.: _____/_____ WHAT HOW ® 7T8–02302 WAIST? MANY? Card # ______02 Tan Duke Habernickel, Pres. Mr. Mrs. Ms.______05 Blue 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. Peckville, PA 18452 Address ______Apt. # ______City & State ______Zip ______100% Satisfaction Guaranteed or Full Refund of Purchase Price at Any Time!