Some Oppenheim Connections

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Some Oppenheim Connections In chapter 15 of my book “The Jewish Journey : A Passage through European History “ I present the family trees of some descendants of Saul Wahl, scion of the Katzenellenbogen rabbis of 16th century Padua and Venice. They include Moses Mendelssohn, whose progeny have Samuel Oppenheimer among their forebears. The ancestry of Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, a grandson of Moses Mendelssohn, is of particular interest to me. The appended chart shows some family connections of Leffman Behrens, the influential Court Jew of Hannover, with Samuel Oppenheimer and Samson Wertheimer who were the two leading Court Jews of Habsburg Vienna from the late 17th to the early 18th century. It might be read in conjunction with my two preceding charts “Ancestry of Felix Mendelssohn” and “Mendelssohn and some Ashkenazi Court Jews” which place these and other connections in a wider central European setting Support for family links with some of the above-mentioned is shown on my web page in the chart “ DNA matches of Edward Gelles and two close cousins with Oppenheim and Wertheimer”. © Edward Gelles 2017 Page 1 Samuel Oppenheimer his brother Abraham Oppenheimer Heidelberg 1630 – Vienna 1703 Worms 1633 – Heidelberg 1692 Imperial Court Jew m Blume Wohl d. Frankfurt 1683 m Sandela Sentille Carcassone | | Rabbi David Oppenheim (1) Frumet m Josef Guggenheim Worms 1664 – Prague 1736 (2) Mendel Emanuel Oppenheimer d 1721 Rabbi of Prague & Chief Rabbi of Bohemia m daughter of Josef E Cleve Gompertz m Genendel Behrens (3) Simon Wolf Oppenheimer, d. 1726 daughter | Banker in Hannover of Samson Wertheimer m Josef Oppenheim m Fradel, grand daughter of Leffman Behrens (Liepman Cohen) Samson Wertheimer ca.1630 – 1714, Court Jew of Hannover Worms 1658 – Vienna 1724 m. Jente Goldschmidt – Hameln Imperial Court Jew in Vienna d Hannover 1695 Chief Rabbi of Hungary & Moravia | m. Veronica Frumet Brilin, widow of Nathan Oppenheimer daughter, Genendel Behrens 1658 – 1712 _________|__________ | | son, Herz Leffman Cohen Behrens m Serchen Wertheimer Simon Wolf Wertheimer d. Hannover, 1709 d. 1739 m Lea Eleonora dr of Emanuel Oppenheimer © Edward Gelles 2017 Page 2 .

Copy Link

Recommended publications

300 Jahre Karl VI. 1711–1740
3 0 0 J a h r e K a r l V I . 1 7 1 1 – 1 7 4 0 Spuren der Herrschaft des „letzten“ Habsburgers Begleitband zur Ausstellung des Österreichischen Staatsarchivs 300 Jahre Karl VI. (1711–1740). Spuren der Herrschaft des „letzten“ Habsburgers, hrsg. von der Generaldirektion des Österreichischen Staatsarchivs Herausgeber: Stefan Seitschek – Herbert Hutterer – Gerald Theimer Autoren: Elisabeth Garms-Cornides, Roman Hans Gröger (RG), Herbert Hutterer (HH), Susanne Kühberger (SK), Irmgard Pangerl (IP), Friedrich Polleroß, Zdislava Röhsner (ZR), Stefan Seitschek (StS), Pia Wallnig (PW), Thomas Wallnig (TW) Projektleiterin: Zdislava Röhsner Ausstellungsdidaktik: Susanne Kühberger Kurator: Stefan Seitschek Redaktion: Michaela Follner, Stefan Seitschek Umschlaggestaltung: Sabine Gfrorner, Isabelle Liebe Umschlagabbildung: Doppeladler mit Medaillon siehe Kat.Nr. IV/2, Medaillon mit Karl VI. siehe Kat.Nr. I/1; Straßenbild aus Handschrift zur Via Carolina im FHKA, SUS Kartensammlung C-016, fol. 58 – Rückseite: Auswurfmünze zur böhmischen Krönung 1723, Revers (Silber, Privatbesitz) Für die Inhalte der einzelnen Aufsätze zeichnen die Autoren selbst verantwortlich. Das Werk ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Es ist es nicht gestattet, das Werk oder auch nur Teile davon, unter Verwendung mechanischer, elektronischer und anderer Systeme in irgendeiner Weise zu verarbeiten und zu verbreiten. Insbesondere vorbehalten sind die Rechte der Vervielfältigung – auch von Teilen des Werkes – auf fotomechanischem oder ähnlichem Wege, der tontechnischen Wiedergabe, des
[Show full text]
From Kansas to the Rhine: a DNA Journey Through Europe's Rabbinic
From Kansas to the Rhine: A DNA Journey through Europe’s Rabbinic Capitals by Rachel Unkefer ay back when, starting out as genealogists research- thought there might be enough other descendants to create a W ing Jewish ancestry, we probably all had the experi- project. I also knew that the Bacharachs in Fellheim had a ence at least once of being chastened by a more seasoned surname as early as the 17th century, which was quite un- researcher when we asked if our ancestor from, say, Poland usual, so I thought there was a chance that an early surname could be related to his or her ancestor with the same sur- could have persisted over time and spread widely. name from, say, the west bank of the Rhine. Surnames, we For the purposes of this article I use the original German were told, came with Napoleon or later and were adopted spelling, Bacharach, although there are a number of known independently, coincidentally, by multiple families; only variants, including Bachrach, Bikrach, Bacherach, Bacher newbies would presume a connection between families and others. See Lars Menk for more information.1 from different geographical areas because of a shared sur- In 2009, I created the Bacharach DNA project at Family name. The Bacharach DNA Study is yielding results that Tree DNA and set out to recruit participants. At first, I challenge this conventional wisdom. The paper trails and planned to focus exclusively on Germany, but fortunately I the genetic markers on the Y- rejected that strategy. I ap- chromosome for this far-flung proached my husband’s third extended family show that the The paper trails and the genetic cousin (whom I had only re- probability of males with cer- markers on the Y-chromosome for cently located) who agreed, tain surnames sharing a com- after a few e-mails, to be the mon ancestor is higher than this far-flung extended family show DNA proxy for all the de- we might have expected.
[Show full text]
Appendices to Part 2
APPENDICES TO PART 2 A. THE WERTHEIMER HANUKKAH LAMP , BERNHARD PURIN The history of ownership over several generations can be established for few Judaica objects. Undoubtedly, this lamp, which became the property of Austrian court factor Samson Wertheimer (1658-1724) in 1713 shortly after its creation, counts among them. Moreover, its history reveals much about Jewish family networks that stretch far beyond the era of the court factors. 690 At the same time, it is an example of Judaica that disappeared following looting during the Shoah but the history of which could be reconstructed decades later. This Hanukkah lamp is part of a small group of very similar lamps that were manufactured around 1710-1715 Figure 30: Hanukkah Lamp / Hanukkah in the workshop of the Halberstadt silversmith Thomas Halberstadt, 1713; Silver, parcel gilt; Tubner.̈ Apart from this example three others have been Maker: Thomas T ubner̈ preserved in the Jewish Museum New York and in the H: 24; W: 30.7; D: 8 cm Israel Museum. 691 In the center of its backplate, which is Courtesy of Dr. David and Jemima Jeselsohn, Switzerland divided into three parts, is the depiction of a Hanukkah lamp based on the Temple menorah, flanked by two mermaids bearing crossbows and two columns crowned with flowers. The lamp is topped by an Austrian double-headed eagle. This double-headed eagle was probably added only after the acquisition of the lamp by Samson Wertheimer. It is of lesser quality than the other parts of the lamp, and unlike other mounted elements, it is not assembled with screws but with rivets.
[Show full text]
Handbook on Judaica Provenance Research: Ceremonial Objects
Looted Art and Jewish Cultural Property Initiative Salo Baron and members of the Synagogue Council of America depositing Torah scrolls in a grave at Beth El Cemetery, Paramus, New Jersey, 13 January 1952. Photograph by Fred Stein, collection of the American Jewish Historical Society, New York, USA. HANDBOOK ON JUDAICA PROVENANCE RESEARCH: CEREMONIAL OBJECTS By Julie-Marthe Cohen, Felicitas Heimann-Jelinek, and Ruth Jolanda Weinberger ©Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, 2018 Table of Contents Foreword, Wesley A. Fisher page 4 Disclaimer page 7 Preface page 8 PART 1 – Historical Overview 1.1 Pre-War Judaica and Jewish Museum Collections: An Overview page 12 1.2 Nazi Agencies Engaged in the Looting of Material Culture page 16 1.3 The Looting of Judaica: Museum Collections, Community Collections, page 28 and Private Collections - An Overview 1.4 The Dispersion of Jewish Ceremonial Objects in the West: Jewish Cultural Reconstruction page 43 1.5 The Dispersion of Jewish Ceremonial Objects in the East: The Soviet Trophy Brigades and Nationalizations in the East after World War II page 61 PART 2 – Judaica Objects 2.1 On the Definition of Judaica Objects page 77 2.2 Identification of Judaica Objects page 78 2.2.1 Inscriptions page 78 2.2.1.1 Names of Individuals page 78 2.2.1.2 Names of Communities and Towns page 79 2.2.1.3 Dates page 80 2.2.1.4 Crests page 80 2.2.2 Sizes page 81 2.2.3 Materials page 81 2.2.3.1 Textiles page 81 2.2.3.2 Metal page 82 2.2.3.3 Wood page 83 2.2.3.4 Paper page 83 2.2.3.5 Other page 83 2.2.4 Styles
[Show full text]
Martha-Keil Facts-Projections-Voids-Milestones-Of-Austrian-Jewish-History Keynote-2012
Keynote Lecture AEJM Martha Keil , 17.11.2012 1 FACTS, PROJECTIONS, VOIDS: MILESTONES OF AUSTRIAN JEWISH HISTORY Dr Martha Keil, Institute for Jewish History in Austria Not even the largest exhibition would be able to cover Austrian-Jewish History in its entirety, and of course, this short paper cannot provide a complete survey of the more than eight centuries of Jewish life in Austria either. A lot of research has been done especially since the so called Bedenkjahr 1988, 50 years after the “Anschluss” and shortly after the heavy debates around the NS-past of Kurt Waldheim, then president of Austria. The amount of data is huge, thousands of documents from the Middle Ages up to present were edited, hundreds of Audio- and Video-interviews were recorded, and dozens of books were published. Preparing this paper, I had to make up my mind and select events that, according to scientific common sense, and in my personal opinion, were milestones in the course of this history, positive or negative ones. Of course, I am not the first who tried to solve the problem in this way. This very place was the location of an impressive way to structure and present Jewish Austrian history. I am talking about the opening exhibition of the Jewish Museum Vienna, which was shown from 21.11. 1993 till 15. Mai 1994, almost exactly nineteen years ago. As many of you probably remember, the title was “Hier hat Teitelbaum gewohnt” – “Teitelbaum lived here”, curated by then chief curator Felicitas Heimann-Jelinek, accompanied by a beautiful catalogue of unusual size.
[Show full text]
Judaica Olomucensia
Judaica Olomucensia 2016/2017 Special Issue Kurt Schubert, the Founder 1 – 2016/2017 Table of Content Judaica Olomucensia 2016/2017 Special Issue Kurt Schubert, the Founder This special issue is a last and final volume of biannual peer-reviewed journal Judaica Olomucensia. Editor-in-Chief Ingeborg Fiala-Fürst Editor Ivana Cahová, Matej Grochal ISSN 1805-9139 (Periodical) ISBN 978-80-244-5289-0 (Proceedings) Table of Content 5 Introduction Ingeborg Fiala-Fürst 6 The Jewish Community in Olomouc Reborn Josef Jařab 8 Kurt and Ursula Schubert Center for Jewish Studies Ivana Cahová – Ingeborg Fiala-Fürst 27 The Importance of Feeling Continuity Eva Schubert 30 Interreligious Dialogue as The Mainstay of Kurt Schubert’s Research Petrus Bsteh 33 Kurt and Ursula Schubert Elisheva Revel-Neher 38 The Jewish Museum as a Physical, Social and Ideal Space – a Jewish Space? Felicitas Heimann-Jelinek 47 The Kurt and Ursula Schubert Archive at the University of Vienna Sarah Hönigschnabel 52 The Institute for Jewish Studies in Vienna – From its Beginnings to The Presen Gerhard Langer 65 Between Jewish Tradition and Early Christian Art Katrin Kogman-Appel – Bernhard Dolna 4 – 2016/2017 Introduction Ingeborg Fiala-Fürst The anthology we present to the readers fulfills a dual function: the authors of the individual articles both recall Prof. Kurt Schubert (2017 marked the 10th anniversary of his death) and the institutions which were co-founded by Kurt Schubert and his wife, Ursula Schubert. This double function is reflected in the title of the anthology, "Kurt Schubert, the Founder". One of the youngest institutions that Kurt Schubert helped to found, the Center for Jewish Studies at the Faculty of Arts at Palacký University, is allowed the bear the Schuberts' name since 2008.
[Show full text]
Introduction
Introduction Collecting a library, besides being the unusual thing and far from trivial or vulgar, may turn out to be one of those happy tokens . since, being extraordinary, difficult, and of great expense, it cannot but cause everyone to speak well, and with admiration, of him who puts it into effect. —Gabriel Naudé, Advice on Establishing a Library, 1627 IN THE CEmETERy OF THE Prague Jewish community, clear of the cluttered interior of overlaid monuments, a tombstone stands adorned with a Shield of David to invoke the namesake of the man buried beneath: David Oppenheim (1664–1736), Prague’s chief rabbi from 1703 until his death. Tourists and visitors to the crowded burial ground can take photos of the monument or pay their respects, but for students of the Jewish past, a sec- ond edifice far from Prague memorializes in a more fitting manner the story of this man in history and memory: his formidable library. In the Bodleian Library of the University of Oxford some forty- five hundred books and one thousand manuscripts bear testimony to the insatiable collecting activities of this man in search of a library that would include every Jewish book.1 Over the course of his lifetime, Oppenheim bought, found, published, and received books and manuscripts from across Europe and the Middle East, many of which carried traces of previous owners and prior journeys of these objects before they found their final resting place upon his shelves. Oppenheim’s library has served scholars of the Jewish past in de- cisive ways. Medieval manuscripts drawn
[Show full text]
Diplomarbeit
DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit „Akkulturation der Oberschicht Die Annäherung der jüdischen an die christliche Welt im 18. Jahrhundert am Beispiel Wiens“ Verfasserin Lisa Wurzer angestrebter akademischer Grad Magistra der Philosophie (Mag. phil.) Wien, Mai 2008 Studienkennzahl lt. A 313/350 Studienblatt: Studienrichtung lt. Lehramt Geschichte und Sozialkunde und Italienisch Studienblatt: Betreuerin / Betreuer: Privatdoz. Mag. Dr. Peter Rauscher Vorwort und Danksagung Schon vor dem Schreiben der Diplomarbeit war mir klar, dass dies für mich eine spannende Aufgabe, aber auch eine Herausforderung werden wird. Nicht nur, dass man viel Energie und Zeit für ein solches Vorhaben braucht, so benötigt man vor allem auch Motivation und Menschen die einen dabei unterstützen. Daher möchte ich mich auf diesem Weg bei denjenigen bedanken, auf die ich während der Entstehungsphase der Diplomarbeit und meiner gesamten Studienzeit zählen konnte: Allen voran meinen Eltern, Christa und Edmund Wurzer, die mich nicht nur finanziell, sondern auch moralisch unterstützt haben und meine Entscheidungen nie in Frage gestellt haben. Meinem Betreuer, Dr. Peter Rauscher, der mir immer mit Literaturtipps und wissenschaftlichen Anregungen weitergeholfen hat und sich die Zeit genommen hat, meine Entwürfe durchzulesen, dabei trotzdem nicht müde wurde mich zu fragen: „Wann bekomme ich dann ihre fertige Arbeit?“. Weiters meinen Geschwistern Sabrina und Lukas, die zu den wichtigsten Personen in meinen Leben gehören, und mir viel Kraft geben. Meinen langjährigen Freundinnen und Freunden einfach dafür, dass sie immer da waren und mich auch manchmal abgelenkt haben, um wieder neue Energie zu tanken. Nicht zuletzt meinen Studienkolleginnen, die die Studienzeit mit mir „durchgestanden“ haben und mir sehr ans Herz gewachsen sind. Mein besonderer Dank gilt außerdem all jenen, die sich die Mühe gemacht haben meine Arbeit Korrektur zu lesen und mich bei der Formatierung der Arbeit unterstützt haben.
[Show full text]
ÖAW Anzeiger Band 151 Heft 2.Indb
Geistes-, sozial- und kulturwissenschaftlicher V1 H.`1 RV` ].1CQQ].1H.R.1 Q`1H.VJ C:V RV` V``V1H.1H.VJ @:RVI1V RV` 1VJH.: VJ V1 H.`1 RV`] 8 :.`$:J$ 5 "V QÌ:C7Anzeiger der philosophisch-historischen Klasse V`:%$V$VGVJ0QI`?1R1%IRV`].1CQQ].1H.R.1 Q`1H.VJC:V RV` V``V1H.1H.VJ@:RVI1VRV`1VJH.: VJ Herausgebergremium: 1H.:VCC`:I `; V` 8`:$JV` AV`H.I1 VÌ:JJ%J$V` V V`1V1J$V` 1$`1R:C@Q <7RV$V` :CRVI:`:H.:`:1V11H< J V`J:QJ:CV`11VJH.: C1H.V`V1`: 7 Q.JQ7V` V`VJH1V`V` *`$A V`.:IIVC :C@Q:1I ;Q:IQJRH1V`1H@ ;V1IVGV`$V` QJ1@:C%RV`J1@ `1 <V V`J:]] VQ`;V :CI:J7V`$1 Q0<K V].:J8V1RCI:7V` Q.J`VRV`1H@:CRQJ ? %$% `:IV` ;RQC` :JRQ:H.1I1J`1H.VJ % :@ <<@7 V6 `VR:@QJ7 V`:J1J V` V1J C1J V`J:QJ:CV11VJH.: C1H.V]VV`R`V01V1 VV1 H.`1 0QJRV`$V`V`RV` 1GC1Q$`:H.VJ`QÌ:QJRV`V% H.VJ:QJ:CG1GC1Q .V@ 1VV% H.V:QJ:CG1GC1Q .V@0V`<V1H.JV R1VV%GC1@:QJ1JRV`V% H.VJ :QJ:CG1GC1Q$`:V5RV :1CC1V` VG1GC1Q$`:H.V: VJ1JR1IJ V`JV *GV` .]7LLRJG8RRJG8RV:G`%a:`8 1V0V`1VJRV V:]1V`Q` V1 :%H.CQ```V1$VGCV1H. VIVCC c$V VCC 5 ``V10QJ?%`VG1CRVJRVJV :JR V1CVJ%JR:C V`%J$GV ?JR1$8 ;VH. V0Q`GV.:C VJ8 D V``V1H.1H.V@:RVI1VRV`1VJH.: VJ : <7V`R1J:JRV`$ ; V@ 85%R:]V .]7LLV]%G8QV:18:H8: .]7LLV]%G8QV:18:H8: L:J<V1$V` .]7LL0V`C:$8QV:18:H8: Inhalt V1 H.`1 RV `] Arnold Suppan V:H.G:`H.: 8 CH.VH.VJ>C V``V1H.V`> Q`1H.V`V`]V@0V8 ?7J .VV V`% Q` #V1 VR5 Q<1:CR %JR @%C %`11VJH.: C1H.V` J<V1$V`5 8 $8 5 "V 5 '8 T G7 5 1VJ ./07 8 L:J<V1$V` R ARNOLD SUPPAN 1000 Jahre Nachbarschaft.
[Show full text]
Facets of My Family History. Part 2. Chapters 13-20
Facets of my Family History Part 2. Chapters 13 - 20 Edward Gelles Edward Gelles (in 1959) his father Dr. David Gelles (in 1927) and his mother Regina Gelles nee Griffel with his brother Ludwig (in 1920’s) Edward Gelles (2011) Contents Introduction Genealogical charts of my ancestral background 1 My childhood in Vienna 1927-1938 2 Adolescence in England 1938-1948 3 Refugees in wartime London and Oxford 4 Ludwig Friedrich Gelles 1922-1943 5 Dr David Gelles, Advocate and Zionist 6 Rabbi Nahum Uri Gelles and Chasidic connections 7 Gelles and Weinstein 8 Moses Gelles of the Brody Klaus 9 Some of my Wahl cousins 10 Lucia Ohrenstein and the Tripcovich family of Trieste 11 Viola Sachs 12 Tad Taube and his family connections 13 Some Griffel cousins 14 The Chayes family 15 Family chess notes 16 Mendelssohn family connections 17 Gelles and Jaffe family migration from 16th century Prague 18 Benveniste of Barcelona and Shem Tov Halevi of Gerona 19 From the Spanish Inquisition to the island of Rhodes 20 Remote cousins in distant places on our long journey 21 From the Low Countries to England since the 14th century 22 Connections with Italy and Sicily since ancient times 23` Millennial migrations across Europe 24 Some Family Legends Papers of Edward Gelles Chapters 13 - 20 13 Some Griffel cousins Edward Gelles, An Ancient Lineage ( 2006 ), section iv, My Mother’s Family My maternal great-grandfather Eliezer Griffel was the patriarch of a large tribe in Austrian Galicia He was an entrepreneur who owned oil deposits and forests and ran a substantial timber export business.
[Show full text]
Mendelssohn and Some Ashkenazi Court Jews
Mendelssohn and some Ashkenazi Court Jews Elias Gompertz of Cleves 1615-89 Glṻckel of Hameln 1646-1724 m Chaim of Hameln, died 1689 (Electors of Brandenburg) | Elias’ son, Kosman ______________ m ____________ Zipporah Berend Lehmann 1661-1730 Halberstadt sister of Chaim Hameln m (Augustus II of Saxony & Poland) Leffman Behrends 1630-1714 daughter m Judah Loeb ben Samson Wertheimer Hanover (Elector of Hanover) (whose son-in-law was Elias Benedict Gompertz) Samuel Oppenheimer 1630-1703 | Vienna (Emperor Leopold I ) Genendel m Rabbi David Oppenheim of Prague 1664-1736 | (nephew of Samuel Oppenheimer) Frummet Oppenheimer --------Simon Wolf Oppenheimer m Frade, grand daughter of Leffman Behrends m Josef Guggenheim | Samson Wertheimer 1658-1724 (descendants related to those of Samuel Oppenheimer) Abraham Guggenheim Vienna ( Emperors Leopold I & Joseph I ) and other Court Jews) m Miriam Glṻckel Cleve his daughter Chaya Rivka m Rabbi Issachar Berish Eskeles 1691-1753 ------------------ | Fromet Guggenheim 1737-1812 m Moses Mendelssohn 1729-86 Daniel Jaffe Itzig 1723-99 Berlin m Miriam Wulff 1727-88 Dessau - Berlin (Frederick the Great & Frederick William II of Prussia) | | Joseph 1770- 1848 – his son Alexander m Miriam, daughter of Rebecca Seligmann, daughter of Bella Salomon 1749-1824 , daughter of Daniel Itzig Nathan 1781-1852 m Henrietta, daughter of Elias 1755-1818, son of Daniel Itzig Abraham 1776 - 1835 m Leah, daughter of Bella Salomon, daughter of Daniel Itzig | Felix Mendelssohn- Bartholdy Cecily 1760-1836 , daughter of Daniel Itzig
[Show full text]
Letters to Hohenems: a Microhistorical Study of Jewish Acculturation in the Early Decades of Emancipation
Letters to Hohenems: A Microhistorical Study of Jewish Acculturation in the Early Decades of Emancipation Eva Grabherr Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Hebrew and Jewish Studies University College London 2001 Table of Contents Acknowledgments Prologue 6 1) Introduction 8 2) Letters to Hohenems: The Löwenberg Collection and its Historical Context 19 3) Dense Communication: On the Preservation of Translocal Family Connections and Jewish Letter Writing Culture as a Reflection of Acculturation 49 4) “Everyday Stories”: Everyday Jewish Life in the Early Decades of Emancipation as Reflected in the Löwenberg Correspondence 87 5) Conversions: Jewish Writing and Language Transformation as "Entry Ticket" into the Modern Era 104 6) Multilingualism among the Rural Jews: A Microhistorical Study 138 7) vos vir fir bikher hoben vi folgt! On a Bourgeois Library and the Question of the Actors in Jewish Modernism 165 8) The Letters of the Löwenberg Collection: Jewish Writing and Language Transformation "en détail" 182 9) Conclusion 206 Bibliography 210 Appendix Documents and Databank Acknowledgements Without the support and help of the following institutions, colleagues and friends, this work would not have been possible. A grant of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science in the years 1997 to 1999 enabled me to start with this project. The American Friends of the Jewish Museum Hohenems granted generous support in its final stages. I thank Stephan Rollin and Uri Taenzer from this association for their encouraging enthusiasm. Johannes Inama, my former colleague at the Jewish Museum of Hohenems, provided me with the help and support I needed.
[Show full text]