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Las Preposiciones A, De, En, Para Y Por: Sugerencias Para La Enseñanza

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Las Preposiciones A, De, En, Para Y Por: Sugerencias Para La Enseñanza LAS PREPOSICIONES A, DE, EN, PARA Y POR: SUGERENCIAS PARA LA ENSEÑANZA KATE EB SWARTLEY A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS August 2008 Committee: Lynn Pearson, Advisor Cynthia Ducar Valeria Grinberg-Pla E. Ernesto Delgado ii ABSTRACT Lynn Pearson, Advisor This thesis focuses on the Spanish prepositions a, de, en, para and por. The introduction presents an overview of the thesis and a complete definition of a preposition. In the second chapter, the historical development of the prepositions over time is included, starting with their origins in Latin and continuing until present day. The current uses of these prepositions are presented in Chapter 3, including variations present throughout the Spanish-speaking world. Chapter 4 reviews the acquisition of Spanish prepositions by English speakers, and the conclusion, Chapter 5, presents a critique of various pedagogical methods as well as suggestions for effective strategies to teach prepositions to learners of Spanish as a second language. iii ÍNDICE DE MATERIAS Página CAPÍTULO I. INTRODUCCIÓN......................................................................................... 1 1.0 Introducción......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Definición de una preposición............................................................................. 1 1.2 Contenido de la tesis ............................................................................................ 4 1.3 Conclusión........................................................................................................... 6 CAPÍTULO II. LA HISTORIA DE LAS PREPOSICIONES............................................... 7 2.0 Introducción......................................................................................................... 7 2.1 La época de los romanos...................................................................................... 7 2.2 El latín clásico y el latín vulgar............................................................................ 8 2.3 Las preposiciones del latín clásico....................................................................... 10 2.4 Las preposiciones del latín vulgar........................................................................ 13 2.5 Las invasiones germánicas................................................................................... 15 2.6 La invasión de los musulmanes ........................................................................... 17 2.7 El romance precastellano ..................................................................................... 18 2.8 La reconquista y la expansión del castellano....................................................... 20 2.9 El castellano medieval y las preposiciones.......................................................... 21 2.10 El español clásico............................................................................................... 25 2.11 El español moderno............................................................................................ 27 2.12 Conclusión......................................................................................................... 28 CAPÍTULO III. LOS USOS ACTUALES DE LAS PREPOSICIONES EN LA LENGUA ESPAÑOLA........................................................................................................................... 29 iv 3.0 Introducción……………………………………………………………............. 29 3.1 Tiempo................................................................................................................ 29 3.2 Espacio................................................................................................................. 32 3.2.1 Movimiento y lugares........................................................................... 33 3.2.2 Destinatarios......................................................................................... 36 3.2.2.1 A acusativa............................................................................. 36 3.2.2.2 A acusativa versus a dativa.................................................... 39 3.2.2.3 A acusativa versus para acusativa.......................................... 40 3.2.2.4 Por versus para....................................................................... 41 3.3 Nocional............................................................................................................... 42 3.3.1 La causa versus el modo ....................................................................... 42 3.3.2 La causa versus la finalidad .................................................................. 43 3.3.3 Precios................................................................................................... 46 3.3.4 Descripciones........................................................................................ 47 3.4 Preposiciones seguidas por un verbo infinitivo ................................................... 50 3.5 Las preposiciones como complementos de régimen preposicional ..................... 53 3.6 Variaciones.......................................................................................................... 55 3.6.1 Contacto con el vasco ........................................................................... 56 3.6.2 Contacto con el quechua ....................................................................... 57 3.6.3 Contacto con el inglés........................................................................... 59 3.6.4 Contacto con el portugués..................................................................... 60 3.6.5 El dequeísmo......................................................................................... 61 3.7 Conclusión........................................................................................................... 63 v CHAPTER IV. LA ADQUISICIÓN DE LAS PREPOSICIONES ....................................... 64 4.0 Introducción......................................................................................................... 64 4.1 El campo de la ASL ............................................................................................. 64 4.1.1 El interlenguaje..................................................................................... 64 4.2 Las teorías relevantes de la ASL.......................................................................... 66 4.2.1 La imitación de pautas .......................................................................... 66 4.2.2 La reestructuración................................................................................ 67 4.2.3 El Modelo del monitor.......................................................................... 68 4.2.4 La transferencia..................................................................................... 69 4.2.5 El análisis contrastivo ........................................................................... 70 4.2.6 La hipótesis del léxico nativo ............................................................... 71 4.2.7 La interfaz............................................................................................. 72 4.2.8 La pragmática........................................................................................ 72 4.3 Las investigaciones de la adquisición de preposiciones en L2............................ 74 4.3.1 La adquisición de la pragmática versus la gramática............................ 75 4.3.2 La adquisición de verbos de régimen.................................................... 78 4.3.3 La adquisición de la preposición a........................................................ 79 4.3.4 La adquisición de la preposición en...................................................... 81 4.3.5 La adquisición de por y para................................................................. 82 4.4 Conclusión........................................................................................................... 88 CAPÍTULO V. CONCLUSIÓN ............................................................................................ 90 5.0 Introducción......................................................................................................... 90 5.1 Métodos de la enseñanza ..................................................................................... 90 vi 5.1.1 Método de traducción gramatical.......................................................... 90 5.1.2 Método directo...................................................................................... 92 5.1.3 Método audiolingüe.............................................................................. 92 5.1.4 Método del código cognitivo ................................................................ 93 5.1.5 Método de enfoque natural ................................................................... 93 5.1.6 Método comunicativo ........................................................................... 94 5.2 Sugerencias para la enseñanza de preposiciones españolas................................. 95 5.2.1 Nivel básico.......................................................................................... 95 5.2.2 Nivel intermedio ................................................................................... 96 5.2.3 Nivel avanzado...................................................................................... 98 5.3 Conclusión..........................................................................................................
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