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Nomination of Hon. John R. Bolton to Be Us S. HRG. 109–935 NOMINATION OF HON. JOHN R. BOLTON TO BE U.S. REPRESENTATIVE TO THE UNITED NATIONS HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED NINTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION JULY 27, 2006 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Relations ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/congress/index.html U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 36–452 PDF WASHINGTON : 2007 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:45 Jul 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 H:\DOCS\36452.TXT mich PsN: mich COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS RICHARD G. LUGAR, Indiana, Chairman CHUCK HAGEL, Nebraska JOSEPH R. BIDEN, JR., Delaware LINCOLN CHAFEE, Rhode Island PAUL S. SARBANES, Maryland GEORGE ALLEN, Virginia CHRISTOPHER J. DODD, Connecticut NORM COLEMAN, Minnesota JOHN F. KERRY, Massachusetts GEORGE V. VOINOVICH, Ohio RUSSELL D. FEINGOLD, Wisconsin LAMAR ALEXANDER, Tennessee BARBARA BOXER, California JOHN E. SUNUNU, New Hampshire BILL NELSON, Florida LISA MURKOWSKI, Alaska BARACK OBAMA, Illinois MEL MARTINEZ, Florida KENNETH A. MYERS, Jr., Staff Director ANTONY J. BLINKEN, Democratic Staff Director (II) VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:45 Jul 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 H:\DOCS\36452.TXT mich PsN: mich CONTENTS Page Bolton, Hon. John R., Nominee to be U.S. Representative to the United Nations .................................................................................................................. 7 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 11 Dodd, Hon. Christopher, U.S. Senator from Connecticut ..................................... 4 Lugar, Hon. Richard G., U.S. Senator from Indiana, opening statement ........... 1 Warner, Hon. John A., U.S. Senator from Virginia .............................................. 3 ADDITIONAL MATERIAL SUBMITTED FOR THE RECORD Section 5 of the New York Review of Books, submitted by Hon. Barbara Boxer, U.S. Senator from California ................................................................... 55 (III) VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:45 Jul 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 H:\DOCS\36452.TXT mich PsN: mich VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:45 Jul 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 H:\DOCS\36452.TXT mich PsN: mich NOMINATION OF HON. JOHN R. BOLTON TO BE U.S. REPRESENTATIVE TO THE UNITED NATIONS THURSDAY, JULY 27, 2006 U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, Washington, DC. The committee met, pursuant to notice, at 9:32 a.m., in room SH–216, Hart Senate Office Building, Hon. Richard G. Lugar (chairman of the committee) presiding. Present: Senators Lugar, Chafee, Allen, Coleman, Voinovich, Al- exander, Martinez, Biden, Sarbanes, Dodd, Kerry, Feingold, Boxer, Nelson, and Obama. OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. RICHARD G. LUGAR, U.S. SENATOR FROM INDIANA The CHAIRMAN. The committee meets today to consider President Bush’s nomination of John Bolton to be United States Ambassador to the United Nations. This is the third Senate Foreign Relations Committee hearing in which Ambassador Bolton has testified since his appointment less than a year ago. In addition, in February, he hosted a delegation of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee that traveled to the United Nations. I wish that all members of the committee had been able to make that journey to New York with us. On that occasion, Senator Coleman, Senator Voinovich, and I had opportunity to meet with a number of key individuals and groups involved in de- liberations on United Nations reform. The visit was especially in- formative on the complexity of the reform debate in New York and on the challenges faced by the United States delegation. In the spring of 2005, our committee spent several weeks review- ing the nominee’s qualifications for this post. Few executive branch nominees have ever received more scrutiny than Ambassador Bolton. By any measure, this was an exhaustive review, particu- larly for a nominee who has been acknowledged as highly experi- enced in the subject matter he would be overseeing and who has been confirmed five times previously by the United States Senate. In the end, despite two majority votes on the Senate floor, the nomination did not receive the 60 votes necessary to bring debate to a conclusion. President Bush subsequently exercised his author- ity to give the nominee a recess appointment. We have returned to the nomination because the President has resubmitted the nominee for our consideration. And, in doing so, he (1) VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:45 Jul 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 H:\DOCS\36452.TXT mich PsN: mich 2 has expressed his view that Ambassador Bolton is important to the implementation of United States policies of the United Nations and of broader United States roles on the global stage. The President has made clear that this is not a casual appoint- ment. He wants a specific person to do a specific job. We should recognize that the United Nations Ambassador always is closely as- sociated with the President of the United States and the Secretary of State. They are responsible for what the ambassador says and does, and they can dismiss the ambassador who does not follow their directives. Consequently, there are few positions in Govern- ment in which the President should have more latitude in choosing his nominee. As we evaluate the nominee, we should not lose sight of the larg- er national security issues concerning U.N. reform and inter- national diplomacy that are central to this nomination. Our Nation is confronted, as it was last year, by serious diplomatic challenges that will have a profound effect on U.S. national security. At the heart of our efforts to resolve these issues is a basic ques- tion. Can the United States build relationships and alliances around the world that will give us the tools we need to protect our national security? In almost every recent case, the Bush adminis- tration has embraced a multilateral dimension to problem solving that recognizes that we need allies. And as we attempt to reverse the weapons programs of North Korea, we are depending heavily on the Six-Party Talks that in- volve China, Japan, Russia, and South Korea. As we attempt to stop the Iranian nuclear program, we utilize negotiations carried out by Great Britain, France, and Germany, and we have sought the United Nations Security Council votes of Russia, China, and others. And throughout our experience in Iraq, we’ve requested the help of countries in Europe, Asia, the Middle East, and elsewhere to support the nascent Iraqi Government, to help train its army, and generally to contribute to stability in the region. As we search for ways to promote stability on the Israeli-Lebanese border, an international peacekeeping force is being considered as a possible solution. In Afghanistan, we have turned some U.S. military mis- sions over to our NATO allies, who are increasing their contribu- tions. In what may be the most important strategic diplomatic ini- tiative undertaken by the Bush administration, the United States is seeking a groundbreaking partnership with India. In each of these cases, and many others, success depends on the reserve of support that we can tap with our allies and our friends. It depends on the willingness of other nations to expand the op- tions and resources that can be applied to solving problems that threaten our security. The process of building international rela- tionships cannot be reserved for times of crisis. It must be a con- stant preoccupation of any administration, and it must be a core diplomatic mission of our United Nations Ambassador. During the last year, Ambassador Bolton has shared with us his efforts at reforming the United Nations and his efforts to represent our Nation in that forum. We’re pleased to have an opportunity today not only to examine his qualifications, but also to review the status of several crucial initiatives he is overseeing in New York. VerDate 11-MAY-2000 12:45 Jul 11, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6633 Sfmt 6633 H:\DOCS\36452.TXT mich PsN: mich 3 President Bush has selected John Bolton, a nominee of experi- ence and accomplishment, to be his spokesman and representative at the United Nations. Given the importance of this position, it’s vital we evaluate the nominee fairly and expeditiously. We look for- ward to learning how the nominee has worked on behalf of the President and the Secretary of State during the past year, and what he would do in coming years, if he is confirmed. Let me mention that the distinguished ranking member of our committee, Senator Biden, will be with us in the hearing in due course. He is at the White House presently attending an important signing ceremony on the extension of the Voting Rights Act. And when he returns obviously we’ll recognize him for the opening statement he might have presented at this moment. We will proceed. Senator Warner is here. And I understand, Sen- ator, you have come to introduce the nominee. And you’re recog- nized. And we’re delighted to have you. STATEMENT OF JOHN A. WARNER, U.S. SENATOR FROM VIRGINIA Senator WARNER. Well, thank you, Mr. Chairman. It is, indeed, a privilege for me to come. And I wish to point out I was on time. I think you started early. [Laughter.] And—but, nevertheless, I very much wanted to join, this morn- ing. And I’ll ask that my statement be placed into the record—— The CHAIRMAN. It will be placed in full. Senator WARNER [continuing]. Because it was fortunate for me to have the opportunity to listen to your carefully prepared and well- delivered, very comprehensive statement in support of this nomi- nee.
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