Schuylkill Technology Center-
South Campus 15 Maple Avenue Marlin, Pennsylvania 17951 (570) 544-4748
COURSE TITLE: Carpentry
COURSE CIP CODE: 46.0201
DUTY TITLE: 1000 EXTERIOR FINISH
TASK(S):
1001 Determine fastening methods used during exterior finishing operations.
1002 Demonstrate the ability to properly install fasteners used in exterior finishing operations.
1006 Demonstrate the ability to properly measure, layout and install siding.
1007 Demonstrate the ability to properly measure, layout and install soffits and fascia.
1008 Demonstrate the ability to properly measure, layout and install gutters and downspouts.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 1 PURPOSE:
Carpenters must be able to finish the exterior of structures to protect them from the elements and to also add esthetic appeal to the building.
NOCTI:
Exterior Finish • Identify and install cornice and trim • Calculate and install roofing • Identify, prepare, and install windows and doors • Calculate, lay out, and install siding
Areas Covered
Safety 13%
Tools and Accessories 10%
Blueprint Reading and 19% Estimation Skills Foundations, Forms, 10% and Concrete Rough Framing 11% Exterior Finish 9%
Interior Systems Installation 4%
Interior Finish 13%
Carpentry Related Mathematics 11%
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 2 COMMON CORE STANDARDS: Math:
CC.2.1.HS.F.2 Apply properties of rational and irrational numbers to solve real world or mathematical problems.
CC.2.1.HS.F.4 Use units as a way to understand problems and to guide the solution of multi-step problems.
CC.2.1.HS.F.5 Choose a level of accuracy appropriate to limitations on measurement when reporting quantities.
CC.2.1.HS.F.6 Extend the knowledge of arithmetic operations and apply to complex numbers.
REVISION: 4/15
CERTIFICATION: NAHB HBI CERTIFICATION
DIRECTIONS and PROCEDURES:
1. Take the Pre-Test on page 6 of this module
2. Read the complete module
3. Complete the following procedure steps
4. Read Chapter 15 in the RCA Carpentry textbook
5. Complete a KWL Chart for Chapter 15
6. Define the vocabulary words listed below
7. Complete Assignment Sheet #1 at the end of the module
8. Complete the Job Sheets in the 1000 Level Student Job-sheets Packet
9. Listen to the theory and take notes
10. Pass the written test with a minimum score of 70%
11. Student must Score at least a 7 out of 10 on the tasks in order to receive a passing
grade for the task
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 3 LITERACY ASSIGNMENT: KWL Worksheet at the end of the module.
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE:
Given the theory on shop safety, jobsite safety, PPE, OSHA, and MSDS and after watching any videos, the student should be able to demonstrate shop safety, jobsite safety, PPE and also score 100% on safety exams. The student should also be able to identify OSHA requirements and be able to read and understand a MSDS. The knowledge will be evidenced by practical application and by scoring 70% percent or higher on the unit test.
This will be accomplished through the use of: Theory in the classroom Demonstrations by the instructor Both graded and non-graded job assignments relating to the mastery of the POS tasks Written unit test Performance assessments to rate the students competency of the tasks
SAFETY
Safety rules and regulations of the carpentry trade
STUDENT ACCOMMODATIONS:
Students who are in need of accommodations will receive the following:
Presentation accommodations
Setting accommodations
Response accommodations
Timing/Scheduling accommodations
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 4 REFERENCES:
RCA Basic Principles of Construction Textbook
Vogt, Floyd. Basic Principles of Construction. New York: Thompson Delmar Learning, 2003
RCA Carpentry Textbook
Vogt, Floyd. Carpentry. New York: Thompson Delmar Learning, 2003
RCA Carpentry E-resource CD
Vogt, Floyd. Carpentry. New York: Thompson Delmar Learning, 2003
RCA Carpentry Instructor’s Resource Guide
Vogt, Floyd. Carpentry. New York: Thompson Delmar Learning, 2003
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 5 Name______Date______
Exterior Finish Siding Pre-Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. Panel siding is shaped and fitted with ____ edges for weathertight joints. a. square butt c. shiplapped b. tongue-and-groove d. beveled
____ 2. The ____ consists of a board and drip cap installed around the perimeter of the building, with its bottom edge sightly below the top of the foundation. a. corner board c. water table b. frieze board d. soffit
____ 3. The ____ may consist of a rabbeted board installed just below the soffit at the eaves. a. frieze c. water table b. corner board d. rake trim
____ 4. If panel siding is installed vertically to the building frame, any horizontal joints must be nailed into ____ between studs. a. ridged insulation c. shims b. backing or blocking d. all of the above
____ 5. Corners on wood shingle siding may be butted to a corner board or ____. a. woven c. laced b. lapped d. butted
____ 6. When ventilation is required at a vinyl soffit, a ____ soffit panel should be used. a. vertical c. solid b. ribbed d. perforated
____ 7. The majority of vinyl panels and accessories are manufactured in ____-foot lengths. a. 8 c. 16 b. 12 d. 20
____ 8. Vinyl siding panels expand and contract, therefore it is important to ____. a. center nailing fasteners in the nail slots b. leave 1/32" between the head of the fastener and the siding c. nail the siding tightly d. a and b
____ 9. When cutting vinyl siding with a power saw, the saw blade should be ____. a. carbide-tipped c. made of high-speed steel b. dull d. reversed
____ 10. Which of the following tools should not be used to cut vinyl siding? a. utility knife c. sawzall b. tin snips d. hacksaw
____ 11. Windows are trimmed with ____ to accept siding panels. a. F-trim c. starter strip b. J-channel d. inside corner posts
____ 12. ____ is installed under windows and eaves to accept the top of a panel. a. Undersill c. Soffit b. F- trim d. Starter strip
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 6 ____ 13. Subfacia may also be referred to as ____. a. false facia c. back facia b. rough facia d. a and b
____ 14. ____ are framing members used to provide a fastening surface for the soffit. They are also used to support barge rafters at the rake. a. Cornice c. Lookouts b. Frieze boards d. Studs
____ 15. A snub cornice has no ____. a. facia c. rafter overhang b. subfacia d. frieze
____ 16. The open cornice has no ____. a. facia c. rafter overhang b. frieze d. soffit
____ 17. Aluminum and vinyl panels are sold by the ____. a. yard c. piece b. foot d. square
____ 18. Decking materials such as cedar, redwood, or pressure-treated southern yellow pine are chosen for strength, durability, and ____. a. aesthetics c. weight b. economy d. resistance to decay
____ 19. When using red cedar or redwood for siding or deck construction, all fasteners should be made of ____. a. aluminum c. hot dipped galvanized b. stainless steel d. copper
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 7 NAME______Date______
VOCABULARY CC 3.5.9-10 D
Battens –
Blind nail –
Corner boards –
Cornice –
Downspout –
Drip –
Eaves –
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 8 NAME______Date______
VOCABULARY
Frieze –
Gutter –
Plancier –
Soffit –
Striated –
Water table –
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 9 1) Siding
a) Types of Sidings
i) Siding is manufactured from solid lumber, plywood, hardboard,
aluminum, cement, and vinyl.
ii) Siding may be applied horizontally, vertically, or in other direction, to
make many interesting designs.
iii) Bevel siding is one widely used variety.
iv) Panel siding
(1) Made from plywood.
(2) Comes in several thicknesses, 4-foot widths, and lengths of 8, 9, and
10 feet. It is usually applied vertically.
(3) Most panel siding is shaped with ship-lapped edges for weather-
tight joints.
v) Lap siding
(1) Manufactured with a variety of materials and surface textures.
(2) They come in thicknesses from 7/16 to 13/16 inch, widths from 4 to
12 inches, and lengths of up to 12 feet.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 10 b) Preparing for Siding Application
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 11 i) Foundation Trim
(1) The siding is started so that it extends slightly below the top of the
foundation.
(2) A water table may be installed for appearance. ii) Eaves Treatment
(1) Siding may end against the bottom edge of the frieze.
(2) Siding may also terminate against the soffit. iii) Rake Trim
(1) Siding may be applied under a furred-out rake fascia.
(2) When the rake overhands the sidewall, the siding may be fitted
against the rake soffit. When fitted against the rake soffit the joint is
covered with a molding. iv) Treating Corners
(1) Corner boards.
(2) Horizontal siding may also be mitered around exterior corners.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 12 (3) Metal corners may be used on each course of siding.
(4) Interior corners, siding courses may butt against a square corner
board or against each other. v) Applying Building Paper
(1) The house-wrap should lap over any flashing applied at the sides
and tops of windows and doors at corner boards.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 13 (2) It should be tucked under any flashings applied under the bottoms
of windows or frieze boards. c) Installing Horizontal Siding
i) Exposure of courses of bevel siding can be varied somewhat.
ii) Once the siding is laid out for the desired exposure the layout is
transferred to other locations with a story pole. d) Installing Vertical Tongue and Groove Siding
i) Corner boards usually are not used when wood siding is applied
vertically.
ii) The starting piece has the grooved edge removed. The tongue edge
should be plumb.
iii) The bottom end should be about 1 inch below the sheathing.
iv) The top end should neatly butt or be tucked under any trim above.
v) Blind nail through the tongue edge.
vi) Nails should be placed from 16 to 24 inches apart.
vii) Blocking must be provided between studs if siding is applied directly
to the frame. e) Installing Panel Siding
i) Panel siding may installed both vertically and horizontally.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 14 ii) It may be applied to sheathing or directly to studs if backing is
provided for all joints.
iii) All vertical edges should start and end on a stud. Fasten panels of 1/2-
inch thickness.
iv) Leave a 1/8-inch space between panels. f) Wood Shingle and Shake Siding
i) Shingle and shake siding come in a variety of shapes and sizes.
ii) Special fancy butt shingles provide interesting patterns, in
combination with square butts or other types of siding.
iii) In single coursing, shingles are applied to walls with a single layer in
each course.
iv) In Double Coursing
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 15 (1) Two layers are applied in one course.
(2) Even greater weather exposures are allowed.
(3) Used when wide courses with deep, bold shadow lines are desired.
v) Corners
(1) Shingles may be butted to corner boards like any horizontal wood
siding.
(2) May also be applied by alternately overlapping each course in the
same manner as in applying a wood shingle ridge.
(3) Inside corners may be woven by alternating the corner shingle first
on one wall and then the other. g) Vinyl and Aluminum Siding
i) Siding Panels
(1) For horizontal application, are made in 8-, 10-, and 12-inch widths.
(2) Come in configurations to simulate one, two, or three courses of
bevel or drop siding.
(3) Panels designed for vertical application come in 12-inch widths.
They are shaped to resemble boards.
(4) Can be used in combination with horizontal siding.
(5) For ventilation, perforated soffit panels of the same configuration
are used.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 16 ii) Siding System Accessories
(1) Inside and outside corner posts.
(2) J-channels
(3) The majority of vinyl siding panels and accessories are
manufactured in lengths of 12 feet. iii) Applying Horizontal Siding
(1) Center fasteners in the nailing slots.
(2) Do not drive them too tightly
(3) Space fasteners 16 inches apart for horizontal siding and 6 to 12
inches apart for accessories unless otherwise specified by the
manufacturer.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 17 (4) Install J-channel across the top and along the sides of window and
door casings. It may also be installed under windows or doors with
the undersill nailed inside the channel.
(5) To cut, use tin snips, hacksaw, utility knife, or power saw with an
abrasive wheel or fine-tooth circular blade. Reverse the blade if a
power saw is used, for smooth cutting. iv) Gable End Installation
(1) Trim the rakes of a gable end first with J-channels.
(2) Make a pattern for cutting gable end panels at an angle where they
intersect with the rake.
v) Applying Vertical Siding
(1) Space fasteners about 12 inches apart for vertical siding panels.
(2) The starter strip is the narrower 1/2-inch J-channel or drip cap flush
with and fitted into the corner posts.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 18 2) Cornices
a) Cornice is a term used to describe the trim and accessories used to finish
the joint between the siding and the roof. It has many parts and shapes.
i) Sub-fascia
(1) Sometimes called the false fascia or rough fascia.
(2) Fastened to the rafter tails.
(3) Generally a nominal 1- or 2-inch-thick piece.
ii) Soffit
(1) The underside of the cornice is the plancier, often referred to as a
soffit.
(2) Material may include solid lumber, plywood, strand board,
fiberboard, or corrugated aluminum and vinyl panels.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 19
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 20 (3) Soffits should be ventilated.
iii) Fascia
(1) Is fastened to the sub-fascia, or to the ends of the rafter tails when
the sub-fascia is not used.
(2) May be a piece of lumber grooved to receive the soffit.
(3) Also may be made from bent aluminum and vinyl used to wrap the
sub-fascia.
(4) The portion of the fascia that extends below the soffit is called the
drip. iv) Frieze
(1) Fastened to the sidewall with its top edge against the soffit.
(2) Its bottom edge is rabbeted or furred to receive the sidewall finish.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 21 v) Cornice Molding
(1) Used to cover the joint between the frieze and the soffit. vi) Lookouts
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 22 b) Cornice Design
i) Cornices are generally classified into three main types: box, snub, and
open.
(1) The Box Cornice
(a) Probably the most common.
(b) Gives a finished appearance to this section of the exterior.
(2) The Snub Cornice
(a) Has no rafter overhang.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 23 (3) The Open Cornice
(a) Has no soffit.
3) A contemporary or rustic design.
i) Rake Cornices
4) The cornices of eave and rake must be blended together to make a smooth
transition.
i) Cornice Returns
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 24 5) Gutters and Downspouts
a) Miscellaneous Facts
i) Gutters and downspouts carry water down the wall and away from
the foundation.
ii) Gutters are usually made of aluminum, copper, or vinyl.
iii) Gutters are installed to slope in one direction with a downspout at the
end.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 25 iv) Gutter systems have components comprised of
(1) Inside corners.
(2) Outside corners.
(3) Joint connectors.
(4) Outlets.
(5) Caps.
(6) Brackets.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 26
6) Estimating
a) Siding
i) Calculate the wall area.
ii) Add the gable area and dormers, bays, and porches to get the total
building area.
iii) Deduct the total window and door area.
iv) Add a waste factor for cuts as needed.
b) Panel Siding
i) Building perimeter multiplied times wall height.
ii) Then divide by the area per sheet.
c) Shingle Siding
i) The number of squares of shingles needed to cover a certain area
depends on how much they are exposed to the weather.
ii) Divide the wall area by the coverage of a bundle.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 27 d) Aluminum or Vinyl Siding
i) Sold by the square.
ii) Determine the wall area.
iii) Deduct for the openings.
iv) Divide by 100.
v) Add for waste as needed.
vi) Measure the total linear feet required for each accessory.
7) Procedures
a) Installing Horizontal Siding
i) First determine the siding exposure.
ii) Install a starter strip.
iii) Layout the desired exposures on each corner board and each side of all
openings.
iv) Snap lines at these layout marks.
v) Install the siding as per manufacturer’s recommendations.
vi) Siding is fastened to each bearing stud.
b) Installing Vertical Tongue and Groove Siding
i) Place first piece vertically on the wall with the beveled edge flush with
the corner. Face-nail the edge nearest the corner.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 28 ii) Fasten a temporary piece on the other end and stretch a line to keep
the bottom ends of other pieces in a straight line.
iii) Apply succeeding pieces by toenailing into the tongue edge of each
piece.
iv) If joints are necessary, use a mitered or rabbeted joint for weather-
tightness. c) Installing Panel Siding
i) Install the first sheet with its long edge plumb.
ii) The factory edge should fall on the center of a stud. Panels must also
be installed with their bottom ends in a straight line.
iii) Horizontal butt joints must be offset, lapped, rabbeted, or flashed. d) Installing Wood Shingles and Shakes
i) Fasten a shingle on both ends of the wall with its butt about 1 inch
below the top of the foundation.
ii) Stretch a line between them.
iii) Fill in the remaining shingles to complete the under course.
iv) Apply another course on top of the first course.
v) Offset the joints in the outer layer at least 1 1/2 inches
vi) Shingles should be spaced 1/8 to 1/4 inch apart to allow for swelling.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 29 vii) To apply the second course, snap a chalk line across the wall and tack 1
x 3 straightedges to the wall with their top edges to the line. e) Applying Horizontal Vinyl Siding
i) Snap a level line to the height of the starter strip.
ii) Fasten the strips to the wall.
iii) Cut the corner posts so they extend 1/4 inch below the starting strip.
iv) Cut each J-channel.
v) Snap the bottom of the first panel into the starter strip.
vi) Leave a 1/4 inch space in the corner post channel.
vii) Overlap each panel about 1 inch.
viii) The exposed ends should face the direction from which they are
least viewed.
ix) To fit around a window, install the panel under the window and up in
the under-sill trim.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 30 x) Use a specialized snap-lock punch.
xi) Panels are cut and fit over windows.
xii) Install the last course of siding panels under the soffit in a manner
similar to fitting under a window.
f) Applying Vertical Vinyl Siding
i) Measure and lay out to determine the width of the first and last piece.
ii) Cut the edge of the first panel nearest the corner.
iii) Install an under-sill trim in the corner board or J-channel.
iv) Punch lugs along the cut edge.
v) Snap the panel into the under-sill trim.
vi) Install the remaining full strips, making sure there is 1/4-inch gap at
the top and bottom. g) Installing Gutters
i) On both ends of the fascia, mark the location of the bottom side of the
gutter.
ii) Stretch a chalk line between the two marks.
iii) Fasten the gutter brackets to the chalk line on the fascia with screws.
iv) Locate and install the outlet tubes in gutter as required.
v) Hang the gutter sections in the brackets.
Fasten downspouts to the wall with appropriate hangers and straps.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 31 Assignment Sheet # 1
Review Questions Page 522 RCA Carpentry Text.
Use the following sheets of paper to write the questions and the answers.
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 32 Assignment Sheet # 1 Continued
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 33 Assignment Sheet # 1 Continued
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 34 CARPENTRY K-W-L WORKSHEET
NAME: LEVEL: DATE:
ARTICLE TITLE: Chapter 15 RCA Carpentry Textbook
TIME START: TIME FINISH:
K What do I already KNOW about this topic?
What do I WANT to know W about this topic?
What did I LEARN L After reading ABOUT this topic?
Mr. Kintzel - Carpentry Instructor 35