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J'c_,____ ..,._\ <t ~ t.tF -t. k.~ -I ~ -::! -. 0 . " . - . - - - -- - . ---- -- - -- - - - ~ ---. -- MAGELLAN PROJ·ECT PLAN . · { VENUS RADAR MAPPER ) - . ~\7} lJ ' --~- 8'J ':_ I t ' JPL D- 814 ·, ,:.-1.;~<~- / ..... -.!_ -/ PAC~FIC REGIONAL // PLtU\~ETA.RV DATA CENTER · I ("". 630-1 " Venus Radar Mapper (VRM) Project Plan November 1983 National Aeronautics and Space Administration JPL Jet Propulsion Laboratory ,..\ California Institute of Technology ' J "--· Pasadena, California JPL D-814 ,· "- ~:·' PROJECT PLAN FOR THE VENUS RADAR MAPPER (VRM) MISSION Approval of this Project Plan indicates acceptance of Project and Program responsibilities, commitment of the necessary funding by NASA Headquarters and allocation by the JPL Project Office, and commitment of the requisite facil­ ities and manpower by the participating NASA Centers and JPL to implement the Project as described. APPROVED BY: ~~---,----:--~--'/JI--"Jii"'f w (/. tJtv 1-lhf1 Gerpheide, Rodney A. Mills, Manager Project VRM Program Jet Propulsion Laboratory National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lew Allen, Director Jet Propulsion Laboratory for Space Science and Applications iii t i· l.! 630.,.1 -~ 0 DISTRIBUTION JPL Albee, A. L. Cal tech 170-25 Laeser, R. P. 264-443 Allen, L. 180-904 Lavoie, s. 168-427 Baker, D. A. 156-220 LeMere, M. T. 156-ll9 Bauer, T. A. 156-246 Litty, E. c. 198-326 Berman, A. L. 506-243 Lopez, N. 233-208 Blue, J. E. (3) 161-137 Lyman, P. T. 264-800 Bollman, W. E. 264-664 Lyons, D. T. 156-248 Borden, T. 158-224 Mallis, R. K. 506-209 Burow, N. A. (3) 161-228 Mathison, R. P. 238-540 Cannova, R. D. (3) 230-108 McGlinchey, L. F. 198-326 Casani, E. K. 186-133 Miller, F·. 180-404 Chahine, M. T. 180-904 Miller, J. E. 72-101 Clark, J. (3) 168-427 Mohcm, S. N. 264-664 Climes, N. s. 144-119 Montgomery, L. c. 180-402 Conrad, A. G. 264-316 Nybakken, D. 161-213 Cowgill, P. 144--218 Ogle, s. 264"':'316 Cutting, E. (3) 156-217 Parker, G. L. 264-316 Dallas, S. s. 264-316 Parks, R. J. 180-904 Dipprey, D. F. 157-205 Piereson, R. G. 156-119 Dombrowski, s. 264-316 Pieri, L. 264-115 Downhower, W. J. 180-900 Plamondon, J. A. (3) 158-224 Eddy, N. R. 111-141 Polansky, R. G. 180-404 Eidem, C. 264-316 Quinn, D. F. (4) 264-316 Esposito, P. B. 264-664 Quinn, J. D. 144-218 Figueroa, 0. 511-303 Reiz, E. C. 264-316 Flores, D. 264-316 Rolfe, E. G. 198-326 Gant, D. T. 202-204 Ross, D. s. 180-402 Gerpheide, J. H. (15) 264-316 Rossing, D. 233-301 Geuy, C. E. 183-701 Salazar, R. 233-301 Gianopulos, G. N. 180-404 Savino, J. L. (3) 198-112D Giberson, W. E. 180-401 Shaw, L. T. 233-307 Gordon, P. 125-224 Shepherd, J. H. 183-701 Green, R. R. 180-404 Shipley, W. s. 180-601 Haynes, N. R. 264-626 Slonski, J. P. 233-307 Heacock, R. L. 179-112 Smith, J. C. 156-248 Held, D. N. 183-701 So11ock, S. G. 158-205 Hendricks, G. 183-701 Stephenson, R. R. 198-102 Hixon, D. J. 156-220 Stevens, R. 264-800 Hartter, R. L. 161-228 Thornton, Jr., T. H. 198.,...226 James, W. W. 168-222 Tyler, S. 150-300 Jin, M. Y. 156-119 Uphoff, C. W. 156-248 Johnson, C. W. 264-800 Victor, W. K. 180-600 Jordan, R. L. 183-701 Wiesbach, D. c. 264-316 Johnson, W. T. K. 183-701 Wilson, M. 264-664 Joo, T. 183-701 Winn, C. F. 183-701 Kellum, E. E. 264-316 Wirth, Jr., v. A. (3) 179-206 Klemetson, R. w. 125-224 Wolin, W. · 179-206 () Kobrick, M. 183-701 Wuest, W. s. 198-220 Kwok, J. H. 156-248 (Also see Project Science Group) v 630-1 DISTRIBUTION (Cont'd) NASA Headquarters NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Washington, DC 20546 Greenbelt, MD 20771 Boyce, J. Code EL Carr, F. Code 400.2 Briggs, G. A. Code EL Castellano, J. Code MSD NASA/Lewis Research Center Clark, H. Code MSD 21000 Brookpark Road Diaz, A. V. Code EL Cleveland, OH 44135 Force, C. Code TN Gruhl, W. Code BRG Borsody, J. ( 10) Hibbard, D. Code EPR Holcomb, L. Code RC Hughes Aircraft Company Hornstein, R. Code·TN Space and Communications Group Konkel, R. M. Code EP P.O. Box 92919 Kukowski, E. Code E Worldway Postal Center La Croix, S. Code BRD Los Angeles, CA 90009 Madison, J. Code C McGuire, J. Code MCN Edgerton, A. (10) Mills, R. A. (5) Code EL Montoya, E. Code EL Martin Marietta Corporation Pinkler, D. G. Code EPR Denver Aerospace Quaide, W. Code EL P.O. Box 179 Schulze, N. Code DP Denver, CO 80201 Soens, R. P. Code BRD Strobel, G. Code EL Brown, C. (10) Wallgren, K. Code RC Zarlengo, G. .Code EPR (Also see Project Science Group) VRM Project Science Group Dr. R. Stephen Saunders, VRM Project Scientist, Chairman JPL/ 264-316 _ Mr. Joseph M. Boyce, VRM Program Scientist, Co-Chairman NASA-HQ/Code EL Dr. Michel Lefebvre, PI, VRM Gravity Investigation Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Group de Recherches de Geodesie Spatiale 8, Av. E. Belin 31055 Toulouse Cedex France Dr. Gordon H. Pettengill, PI, VRM Radar Investigation Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences MS )7-241 Cambridge, MA 02139 vi I I ,630~ 1 c Dr. William L. Sjogren, PI, VRM Gravity Investigation JPL/264-664 Dr. Georges Balmino, CO-I, VRM Gravity Investigation Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Group de Recherches de Geodesie Spatiale 8, Av. E. Belin 31055 Toulouse Cedex France Dr. Merton E. Davies, Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation The Rand Corporation 1700 Main Street Santa Monica, CA 90406 Dr. Charles Elachi, Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation JPL/183-335 Dr. James W. Head, III, Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation Brown University Department of Geological Sciences P.O. Box 1846 Providence, RI 02912 Dr. Harold Masursky, Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Division 2255 North Gemini Drive Flagstaff, AZ 86001 Dr. Roger J. Phillips, Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation Southern Methodist University Department of Geological Sciences Dallas, TX 75275 Dr. R. Keith Raney, Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation Canada Center for Remote Sensing 2464 Sheffield Road Ottawa, Ontario KlA OY7 Canada Dr. Laurence A. Soderblom, Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Scholar, Caltech, and Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Division 2255 North Gemini Drive Flagstaff, AZ 86001 Dr. Sean C. Solomon, Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation Massachusetts Institute of Technology MS 54-522 Cambridge, MA 02139 vii c.630"'! 1 Mr. H. Ray Stanley, Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation NASA/WFC/Code DAS Dr. G. Leonard Tyler, Co-I, VRM Radar Investigation Stanford University Stanford Electronics Laboratories Center for Radar Astronomy Durant Bldg., Room 232 Stanford, CA 94305 Dr. Stewart Nozette California Space Institute M.S. A-030 University of California at San Diego _La Jolla, CA 92093 NOTES Additional copies of this document may be obtained by calling the JPL Vellum File Order Desk, FTS-792-6222. Contact M. A. Jasnow (M/S 264-316) regarding additions, deletions or changes to this list. viii I a a a Venus Radar Mapper in Orbit ix CONTENTS SECTION I. INTRODUCTION • • • • 1-1 A. IDENTIFICATION • 1-1 B. SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND 1-1 C. PROGRAMMATIC BACKGROUND 1-1 D. SCGPE OF PROJECT PLAN 1-3 E. CHANGE IMPLEMENTATION 1-4 II. PROJECT PLAN SUMMARY • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2-1 III. SCIENCE PROJECT RATIONALE AND SCIENCE AND MISSION OBJECTIVES • 3-1 A. SCIENCE RATIONALE 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 3-l l. Status of Knowledge 0 0 0 0 0 0 3-1 2. Major Unanswered Questions 0 3-2 ~ B. PROJECT OBJECTIVES 0 0 0 0 0 0 3-3 c. SCIENCE OBJECTIVES 0 0 0 . 3-3 D. INVESTIGATION OBJECTIVES . 3-3 IV. SUMMARY OF TECHNICAL PLAN 4-l A. VENUS RADAR MAPPING MISSION 4-1 1. Mission Phases • . • • 4-1 2. Mission Description 4-1 3. Mission Domain • • • 4-3 4. Approach Trajectory 4-3 5. Mapping Orbit 4-3 6. SAR Coverage • 4-6 7. Orbit Determination Strategy • • • • • • • • • • • • 4-6 B. SYSTEMS 4-8 1. Science and Mission Design System 4-8 2. Spacecraft System 4-12 xi 630 ... 1 CONTENTS (Continued) SECTION 3. Radar System ••• 4-21 4. Mission Operations System (MOS) 4-34 5. Tracking and Data System (TDS) 4-39 6. Launch Vehicle System (LVS) 4-40 c. TECHNOLOGY PLAN • • • • 4-42 1. Radar System • • ••••• 4-42 2. Spacecraft System 4-43 D. FACILITIES •••••• 4-43 FLIGHT OPERATIONS PLAN • 4-44 1. Launch Operations 2. Mission Operations Organization and Inter- relationships • • • • o • • • • • • • 4-45 3. Sequence Design and Implementation • 4-48 4. Data Acquisition and Generation 4-48 5. Data Processing 4-48 F. END-TO-END INFORMATION SYSTEM 4-50 ,.. "'· RELEASE OF MISSION RESULTS 4-52 1. Scientific Reporting • 4-52 2. Orbital Activities •• 4-55 H. ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT •• 4-5'5 v. t1ANAGEMENT PLAN • • o • 5-1 A. PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND ROLES • • • 5-l 1. Project Manager ••••• 5-1 2. Project Scientist •••••• 5-2 3. Science and Mission Design Manager • 5-2 4. Radar System Manager ••• 5-4 5. Spacecraft System Manager 5-5 6. Mission Operations System Manager 5-6 7. Tracking and Data Systems Manager 5-6 8. Launch Vehicle System Manager 5-7 xii I 6 3 0.,. 1 0 CONTENTS (Continued) SECTION 9. Staff Positions . 5-8 10.
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  • Galileo Telecommunications

    Galileo Telecommunications

    Chapter 4 Galileo Telecommunications Jim Taylor, Kar-Ming Cheung, and Dongae Seo 4.1 Mission and Spacecraft Description This chapter describes how the Galileo orbiter received and transmitted data with the Deep Space Network (DSN). The relay communications subsystems and the link between the Galileo probe and the orbiter are also described briefly. The chapter is at a functional level, intended to illuminate the unique mission requirements and constraints that led to both design of the communications system and how the mission had to be modified and operated in flight. Augmenting the spacecraft downlink design and the supporting ground system for science return with only the low-gain antenna (LGA) was a particular challenge for the Galileo planetary mission. The Galileo orbiter was designed and built at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California, and the Galileo probe was designed and built at the NASA Ames Research Center (ARC) in Sunnyvale, California. The orbiter flight team was located at JPL, as was the probe flight team during that portion of the mission. 4.1.1 The Mission The Galileo spacecraft was launched in 1989 aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis (STS [Space Transportation System]-34). Its primary objective was to study the Jovian System. The Galileo launch delay after the Challenger Space Shuttle 81 82 Chapter 4 accident in 1986 necessitated a change in the strategy to get Galileo to Jupiter.1 The original strategy was a relatively direct flight to Jupiter with a single gravity assist at Mars. The new mission plan had to work with less propulsion, so it made use of a longer, much less direct flight, with gravitational assists from Venus once and Earth twice, to give the spacecraft enough energy to get to Jupiter.