2004 Jan Floods in Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia FLOODS INMALAYSIA Keizrul binAbdullah Director General 21 January 2004 by 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia HAZARD HAZARD WATER WATER 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Hazard Hazard Hazard Hazard Water Water Water Water Too Much Too Much Too Much Too Much Too Little Too Little Too Little Too Little 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Hazard Hazard Hazard Hazard Water Water Water Water Too Little Too Little Too Little Too Little 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Water Crisis 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Hazard Hazard Hazard Hazard Water Water Water Water Too Much Too Much Too Much Too Much Too Little Too Little Too Little Too Little 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Hazard Hazard Hazard Hazard Water Water Water Water Too Much Too Much Too Much Too Much 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • problem Strategies toovercome the Causes offlooding The floodingproblem inMalaysia • • Preventive measures Curative measures CONTENTS CONTENTS 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia MALAYSIA JAPAN 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Annual Rainfall of 3,000 mm Located inHumid Tropics Equator MALAYSIA 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Typhoon Greg, Sabah 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • 9 %ofthetotal land areaofMalaysia 29,720km² Flooded area- Flood Impacts Flood Impacts 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia LANGKAWI PULAU Flood ProneAreas inPeninsular Malaysia PINANG PULAU Kangar George Town George lrSetar Alor S.Muda PERLIS S.Bernam KEDAH S.Perak Shah AlamShah PERAK THAILAND Ipoh S.Klang SELANGOR Seremban Lumpur Kuala S.Linggi S.Melaka SEMBILAN Melaka MELAKA NEGERI S.Kelantan S. Kota Bharu .auPahat S.Batu S. S.Terengganu Kuala Terengganu Kuala S. Kuantan S.Dungun S.Pahang S.Cukai S.Rompin SINGAPORE S.Endau Bahru Johor S.Johor 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Flood Prone Areas in Sabah & Sarawak & Flood ProneAreas inSabah .S raw Sa S. ak FLOOD PRONE AREA (EAST MALAYSIA) AREA (EAST PRONEFLOOD u ng i Kuc .adong S.Sa .Re R S. jang .Baram a B S. SARAW AK ABU N UA B LA o K ab u l ba na Ki a Kot SABAH .Ki K S. abatangan na 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • 4.9 million (20%)people affected 9 %ofthetotal land areaofMalaysia 29,720km² Flooded Area- Flood Impacts Flood Impacts 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • (US$ 263 million) country isestimatedat RM 1billion Average annualflooddamage for 4.9 million (20%)people affected 9 %ofthetotal land areaofMalaysia 29,720km² Flooded Area- Flood Impacts Flood Impacts 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Human Activities Natural Phenomenon Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Natural Phenomenon Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia in 1926 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Selangor Club Padang, Kuala Lumpur in 1949 Club Padang, Selangor 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia uaRiver 1949 Muda 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 1971 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia - Heavy Rainfall Heavy - Natural Phenomenon Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Rainfall Station JPS Ampang Location of of Location 26 April2001 Duration Rainfall 1 hour Intensity Rainfall 103mm 50 years Return Period 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Rainfall Station Location of of Location Kuantan Tekai Ulu Pahang - December 2001 December - Pahang Duration Rainfall 2 days 1 day Intensity 528 mm 321 mm Rainfall 100 years 50 years Return Period 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 100 150 200 250 300 350 50 Rainfall atJPSstation(KOMTUR,Kuantan) 0 41 61 81 02 22 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 341 mm December 2001 December 308 mm 220 mm 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Isohyet Isohyet – – 3 3 - - 5 October 2003 5 October 2003 SUMMARY OF RAINFALL AND RETURN PERIOD (mm) October 2003

No Rainfall Station District 2/10 3/10 4/10 5/10 Total 3 Days Return (2–5 Okt) Rainfall Period (Maximum) 3 Days (Maximum) 1 Ladang Victoria Seberang Perai Utara 38 122 177 64 401 363 >100 2 Pinang Tunggal Seberang Perai Utara 58 149 195 127 529 471 >100 3 Bumbong Lima Seberang Perai Utara 93 138 110 72 413 341 100 4 Ara Kuda Sebarang Perai Tengah 95 105 293 114 607 512 >100 5 Simpang Ampat Seberang Perai Tengah 127 108 139 49 423 374 >100 6 Pulai Baling 28 29 101 22 180 150 normal 7 Kuala Pegang Baling 43 56 120 27 246 219 50 8 Jam. Syed Omar Kuala Muda 32 79 148 57 316 284 >100 9 Kedah Peak Kuala Muda 147 238 252 128 765 637 >100 10 Sg. Petani Kuala Muda 47 124 177 68 416 369 >100 11 Pendang Kota Setar 34 72 41 15 162 147 normal 12 Kota Setar 33 60 33 26 151 125 normal 13 Sik Sik 96 80 220 85 480 396 >100 14 Jeniang Klinik Sik 71 90 115 96 372 301 >100 15 Kulim Kulim 12 74 242 77 403 392 >100 Arithmetic Average 69 103 148 71 390 Catchment Rainfall 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 21/5Ptln aa19m/a 263 mm 339 mm 169mm/day 338mm Jaya Petaling 288mm/day 22/12/95 Lepas Bayan 288 mm 350mm/day 04/09/99 Butterworth 103mm/1 hr 17/09/95 Ampang JPS 26/04/01 aeLocation Date Flood Occurrences byHeavyRainfall Intensity Rainfall Monthly average Rainfall 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia - High Tides High - Rainfall - Natural Phenomenon Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia otKln October 1999 Port Kelang 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Human Activities Natural Phenomenon Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Change inLand Use - Human Activities ! ! ! Jungle quality and water regimes, soilfertilityon hydrological changes Studied effects oflanduse Study (1977-86) Experimental Basin River Tekam Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding → → → → Land clearing Land → → → → Plantation 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia River sediment Streamflow River sediment Streamflow Time topeak Peak flow Peak flow Water yieldWater Time topeak Peak flow Peak flow Water yieldWater Some Results of Tekam River Study River Some ResultsofTekam 4 times greater pre-clearance level sediment load declined to ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ Transition ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 4 times greater pre-clearance level sediment load declined to ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ Transition ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 8 ditto - %185 - 157 %157 declinedbut > 8 ditto - %185 - 67 %67 157 %157 declinedbut > 67 %67 Crop establishment Crop establishment pre-clearance stage pre-clearance pre-clearance stage pre-clearance ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ by 2hrs by 2hrs 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia - Rapid and Uncontrolled Rapid - Change inLand Use - Human Activities Development Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Uncontrolled Land Clearing Land Uncontrolled 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Effect of Urbanisation - Development Uncontrolled - Change inland use - Human Activities Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • • • • 10 Jun 2003 11 Jun2002 26 April &29Oktober2001 30 April 2000 1993, 1995,1996, 1997 1982, 1986,1988 1926, 1971 Major Floodsin KualaLumpur Major Floodsin KualaLumpur 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Agricultural Area Urbanised 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Development Increase In 40% 0 - Area Effect ofUrbanisation c50 %decrease Tc V Increase 2x Q Increase Velocity Runoff Quantity 190 % 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Flow Developed Urbanised ua n raie Catchment Rural andUrbanised Flow Characteristics Undeveloped Rural Time 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia TEPU BINA1988 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia TEPU BINA1998 NOV 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Increasing Trend of Annual FloodDischarge Annual Increasing Trendof CUMULATIVE MASS OF ANNUAL MAXIMUM DISCHARGE FloodDischarge Annual Increasing Trendof (m3/s) 0, 00 ,0 10 00 ,0 12 00 ,0 14 00 ,0 16 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 0 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 95 95 96 96 97 97 98 99 996 19 91 19 86 19 79 19 74 19 68 19 63 19 57 19 52 19 40 19 35 19 30 19 25 19 20 19 15 19 10 19 ETFRSAINRIY FSRIS FA UA AIUMDSHA GES AR DISCH M MAXIMU AL NU AN OF IES SER OF ITY STATIONAR FOR TEST has increased from Annual floodflows 148 to 440 cumecs of Klang River at Sulaiman Bridge 1 30KAN IE ATSUAM RIDGE N BR ULAIMA T S A RIVER NG 0KLA 43 116 3 (3X) at at Sulaiman Sulaiman m3/s 48 = 1 flood annual Mean E R YEA Bridge Bridge Mean annual flood 440= m3/s 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Inadequate Drainage Facilities - Effect of Urbanisation - Development Uncontrolled - Change inLand Use - Human Activities Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Infrastructure Inadequate Drainage 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Obstructions inRivers - Inadequate Drainage Facilities - Effect of Urbanisation - Development Uncontrolled - Change inLand Use - Human Activities Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia LRT LRT Columns in LRT Columns River Berm 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia obstruction to the the to obstruction Piers inthe river Construction of Construction causing flow 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia works constricting river channel Construction Construction 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia o oftof Bridge causing obstruction toflow Low soffit Water level of river river of level Water on 29 Oct 2001 Oct on 29 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Solid Waste and Debris - Obstructions inRivers - Inadequate Drainage Facilities - Effect of Urbanisation - Development Uncontrolled - Change inLand Use - Human Activities Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Solid wastes being removed from river removed being Solid wastes 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Development inFlood Plains - Solid Wasteand garbage - Obstructions intheriver - Inadequate Drainage Infrastructure - Effect ofUrbanisation - development Uncontrolled - Human Activities Causes ofFlooding Causes ofFlooding 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Flood Plain 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Flood Plaindeveloped intohousing area TmnSri Muda) (Taman Pump House Pump River Bund 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia OVERCOME FLOODS OVERCOME FLOODS STRATEGIES TO STRATEGIES TO 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Curative Measures FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGY Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Preventive Measures Curative Measures FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGY Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • Widening and deepening oftheriver Widening anddeepening FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES CURATIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Widening anddeepening ofriver River conditionduring floods 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia River Widening and Deepening River Widening 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • Deepening and Widening of the River Widening ofthe and Deepening Construction ofLevees andBunds FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES CURATIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Construction ofriverlevees/bunds Widening anddeepening ofriver River conditionduring floods 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Improvement auRiver Batu Works 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia ln River Centre Improvement Works in City Klang 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • Construction oflevees andbunds river Wideningofthe and Deepening Construction of Flood Storage dams ofFlood Storage Construction FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES CURATIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia auDam Batu 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia ln Gates Dam Klang Dam heightincreasedby 3mto provide additionalstorage 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • Construction of Flood Storage dam ofFlood Storage Construction and Bund ofLevee Construction oftheriver Widening andDeepening Flood Attenuation Ponds Flood Attenuation FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES CURATIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia

L evee Depression parallel to the river. the to parallel theleveebank. No flow takes place depressionoccurs via spilling over of waterexchange between river and nt toadjace a river are prevented lying low of by levee.Flooding However river and depression and river the across horizontal is not surface Water 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Batu River Flood Attenuation Pond Flood Attenuation River Batu 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia

FLOW ( m3/s ) Measures to Management Stormwater of Implementation the Proposal for 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 0 01 02 03 04 05 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Reduce Flooding inKualaLumpur Storage required TIME ) hours ( SOURCE CONTROL ARI 50YEARS WITH ARI 100YEARS ARI 50YEARS ARI 10YEARS ARI 5 YEARS 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • • Construction of Flood Attenuation ponds ofFloodAttenuation Construction dams ofFlood Storage Construction Construction ofLevees andBunds oftheriver Widening andDeepening Construction ofby-pass andflood-way FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES CURATIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia JA B A Projek Projek T A N P E N G A IR RTB RTB A N D A N S A Pulau Pulau IR LI A N N E G E R Pinang Pinang I, P U LA U P P e tu IN n ju k A N G J S K a u a la w n n g a a s i a n B a n iagRiver Pinang jir gArTru Flood AirTerjun Sg Bypass 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia g i ejnFlood Bypass Tunnel Sg. AirTerjun 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004

Jan

S

Floods in Malaysia g

.

K

e

r

o h

Sg. Batu

S BYPASS” “FLOOD PROPOSED g. G om bak through city and reduced flooding discharge flood reduced – Result City Center

Flood Bypass

S

g Sg

. .

K

A lan

mp g

a

n g 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia lo yasutkmnaaiMslhBanjir Masalah mengatasi Flood Bypassuntuk Flood Bypass Profile 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Dual FunctionFloodBypassTunnel 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • • • Construction ofBy-pass and Flood-Way Ponds Flood Attenuation Dams ofFlood Storage Construction Construction ofLevees andBunds oftheRiver Widening andDeepening Poldering and Pumping and Poldering FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES CURATIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES Program Implementation CURATIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia

RM (Miliion) 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 0 Expenditure for Flood Mitigation Projects Expenditure Mitigation Flood for M M M M M RM7 RM6 RM5 RM4 RM3 RM2 Malaysia Plan Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Million 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 0 P2M- P4M- P6M- MP-8 MP-7 MP-6 MP-5 MP-4 MP-3 MP-2 Allocation ForFlood Allocation Requested RM-8 Mitigation Projects Allocation Approved 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Preventive Measures Curative Measures FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGY Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • • FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES crucial Community and stakeholder involvement institutional andlegislative control atbetter planning/coordination/ Aimed Address flood problematsource approach More comprehensive andsustainable more limited Funds forcurative measuresbecoming PREVENTIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • Current focus on: FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES (IRBM) Integrated River BasinManagement Management Manual) Control atSource (UrbanStormwater PREVENTIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia MANAGEMENT MANUAL MANAGEMENT MANUAL URBAN STORMWATER URBAN STORMWATER (SWMM) (SWMM) 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia " Rapid Disposal of stormwater OLD METHOD 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia " " Control atSource, attenuated flow Rapid disposal NEW OLD METHOD METHOD 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • Reduce run-off through Decreasing Velocities Increasing Infiltration Storage SWMM 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • Storage SWMM 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • Storage – Detention Pond Detention SWMM 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • Storage – – Rainfall harvesti Pond Detention ng SWMM 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • Storage – – – Modular tanks Rainfall Harvesting Pond Detention underground SWMM 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • Increase Infiltration Storage SWMM 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • Increase Infiltration – Infiltration Trench Infiltration/gravel Drains SWMM 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • Increase Infiltration – – pavement Previous Infiltration/gravel Drains SWMM 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • Reduce theFlowVelocity Increase theInfiltration rate Storage SWMM 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • – Reduce theFlowVelocity Increase theInfiltration rate Storage (swale) MASMA 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Swale 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia MANAGEMENT MANUAL URBAN STORMWATER # # # Practices World-wide Best Gives Examples of Guidelines Provides at SourceMethod Control Explains 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • Current focus on: FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES FLOOD CONTROL STRATEGIES (IRBM) RiverBasin Management Integrated (SWMM) management manual stormwater Urban PREVENTIVE MEASURES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN INTEGRATED RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT (IRBM) MANAGEMENT (IRBM) 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia with the objective of balancing the needs of of needs ofbalancing the with theobjective comprising air, water, land, flora and fauna, comprising air,water, land,floraandfauna, Coordinated management of the resources resources ofthe management Coordinated based on riverbasinasageographic unit, resources to ensure their sustainable use improvement ofhis livingconditions improvement with the necessity ofconserving the man toutilize theresources forthe existing innatural environment, Integrated River Basin Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) Management (IRBM) 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia food production and Water needsfor people, industry, in a Holistic and Integrated manner nature Managing the River Basin Stress to environment Stress to Water available 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • • • and 8 2010) Government Policy inOPP3(2001- Institution Authorities/ through River Basin Managed Plans Implemented throughRiver BasinMaster participation forstakeholder Need Need forgoodinformation system (RBIS) model forappropriatemanagement Need th Integrated River Basin Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM) Management (IRBM) aasaPa 20 2005) Malaysia Plan(2001 – 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia ISSUES ISSUES 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • What isappropriate levelofprotection? – 5 yrs forruralto1in100yrs forcities ranging from1in Periodused Return Risk Management Risk Management 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • Sharing therisk What isappropriate levelofprotection? Risk Management Risk Management → → → → Issues Issues deliberate failuresection Flood Spill ?? Spill Flood Flood Spill ?? Spill Flood 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • Sharing theburden Sharing therisk What isappropriate levelofprotection? downstream asv River Dams vs Improvement Risk Management Risk Management → → → → Issues Issues deliberate failuresection → → → → upstream vs 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • Sharing theburden Sharing therisk What isappropriate levelofprotection? God” developed, floodsconsidered as“Actof Industry notwell Flood Insurance - downstream Risk Management Risk Management → → → → Issues Issues deliberate failuresection → → → → upstream vs 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • • Sharing theburden Sharing therisk What isappropriate levelofprotection? publishing against advised Flood Risk mapping- actof God floods Flood Insurance - downstream Risk Management Risk Management → → → → Issues Issues deliberate failuresection → → → → upstream vs 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • wetlands use of - friendly options More environment Other Issues Other Issues 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Use of Lakeas Detention Basinand Wetlands for Water Quality Improvement Putrajaya Putrajaya 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • tkhles participation Stakeholders’ Need forbetterGovernance, Transparency, wetlands use of - friendly options More environment Other Issues Other Issues 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • recovery Initiatives”, BOT,Costsharing, Cost Funding “Private Financing issues- participation Stakeholders’ Need forbetterGovernance, Transparency, wetlands use of - friendly options More environment Other Issues Other Issues 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • Social issues - Resettlement, Compensation Resettlement, Social issues - recovery Initiatives”, BOT,Costsharing, Cost Funding “Private Financing issues- participation Stakeholders’ Need forbetterGovernance, Transparency, wetlands use of - friendly options More environment Other Issues Other Issues 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia CONCLUSION CONCLUSION 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia • • • • • related Most significantnatural hazardiswater richinwaterMalaysia resources manner acceptable level, andin asustainable Ultimate aim tomanagefloods toan needed Both curative andpreventive measures cause ofurbanflooding main urbanisation and widespread development Rapid → → → → → → → → floods UNESCO-CHARM needed needed UNESCO-CHARM CONCLUSION CONCLUSION 2004 Jan Floods in Malaysia Domo Arigato eiaKasih Terima Thank You