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In the Alphabetic Order S Is Treated Like Sh, and $, Representing a Double Sibilant, Follows Ss

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In the Alphabetic Order S Is Treated Like Sh, and $, Representing a Double Sibilant, Follows Ss INDEX (In the alphabetic order s is treated like sh, and $, representing a double sibilant, follows ss. In the arrangement of words no distinction is made between long and short vowels.) Achaemenes1 (Hakhiimanis) ro, II3 n. 133 Aiwisruthrim Giih 3rd watch of the day, 252 Achaemenes' r86 akitu ceremony 34 Achaemenians ro, 41-3 et passim Alexander 282, 285 ff. Acropolis r69-7o, 174 All Souls Feast see Hamaspathmaedaya Adad 95, 139 altar not used by Iranians in the Median or AdukanaiSa 23, 24 early Achaemenian periods, 21, 40, 179, r8o; Adur Niyayes II4 alien altars at Tepe Nush-i Jan, 36-7, and at aethrapati 230 Dahiin-i Ghuliimiin, 129. (See also 'fire­ Ahura, the 16 (See also Varuna) holder') Ahuramazda (Mazda, Horomazes, Oromasdes, Alvand, Mt. 6, 7 with n. 28, 27 Ohrmazd) in the pre-Zoroastrian religion Alyattes 12 the Lord Wisdom, with an especial link with Ameretat (Amurdiid) 57, 93, 122, r6s, r68, the priesthood, 3, 252; greatest of the 3 245, 249, 250 Ahuras, rs, 27; in theophoric names, IS; Amesa Spentas the six 3, 93; the parallel be­ regularly invoked by name and title, rs, 23, tween them and the six noble conspirators, 139; "god of the Iranians", 27-8, 127; in 92-4; in calendar dedications, 245, 246, 248- Zoroaster's revelation God, Creator of all so; their new name-day feasts, 251; forming things good, including all other beneficent with Ahuramazda, or with Spenta Mainyu divine beings, 46-7, II9, 120, rs6, rs8, 192, ( q. v.) the divine heptad, 94; transcendent 233, 236, 240, 247-8; his kingdom to come and also immanent in the 7 creations 154, on earth, 39, 192, 231, 28r; Lord of all 179; reflected in Jewish angelology, 195 peoples, but especially of his chosen people, Amestris', wife of Xerxes r67, 173, r87, r88 the Iranians, 65; in Darius' inscriptions, 79 Amestris2, daughter-wife of Artaxerxes II with n. 5, 83, 92, II6, II9 ff.; head of the 220 divine heptad, 92, 93; the Achaemenian King Amun-Re r24, 199 of kings his earthly representative, 92-4, r87, Amytis r88, 2II 252; worshipped by some Elamites, 127, 139; Anagra Raoc~ rs6, 246 influence of his concept on early Ionian Aniihit(a) {Aniihit, {A)niihid) her concept philosophy, rs8, 159-6o; Anra Mainyu re­ evolved through assimilation of *Aniihiti/ cognised by the Greeks as his Adversary, Anaitis and Aredvi Sura, q.v., 201 ff.; r6o, 235, 239, 281; his chariot led before the venerated by Cyrus the Younger ( ?), 201-2, Iranian host, r6s, r67, 214, 287, cf. 232; in the 2r6, and by Artaxerxes II, 2r6 ff.; her image­ inscriptions of Xerxes, 174; the sky his cult, 203-4, 217; rivalling and over-shadowing garment, 179-80; to the Greeks 'the God who Varuna the Baga, 219, 247-8; had a warlike exalts the Persians', r87; first of a new triad aspect, 203, 219, 224, and that of a divinity in Artaxerxes II's inscriptions, 219, cf. 247; of love, 220; a priestess of her cult, 220; her his place in Zurvanism, 232 ff.; in the temples, 218-9, 226, 229; probably all served calendar dedications, 245, 246, 247-8, 249; at first by Persian magi, 244; the day and his 4 feast days, 251; Sraosa his vice-regent, feast of 'the Waters' annexed to her worship, 252-3; his image and temple in Sardis, 248, 251; not invoked by Artaxerxes III, 255-7; his concept and Plato's doctrine of 283. Her name 'translated' as Aphrodite, 217 the Good, 260; in the Arebsun inscriptions, {cf. 29-30); Artemis, 220, 227, 229; Athene, 275; at the head once more of the ancient zor, 209, 227; Diana, 201-2 Ahuric triad in Artaxerxes III's inscriptions, *Anahiti (Anaitis) probably the ancient West­ 283. His name 'translated' as Zeus, r6s et ern Iranian goddess of the planet Venus, 29; passim; as Zeus Megistos, 226-7, 257; as the etymology of her name, 29 n. 32; her Zeus Polieus Megistos ( ?), 257; as Jupiter, concept assimilated in the pre-Zoroastrian 287; as Bel, 275 period to that of Ish tar, 29-30; and of Nanii, Ahuras, the three see Ahuramazda, Mithra, 30-r; her worship in the early Achaemenian Baga period, 49 n. 4, II9, 197, 2r8; assimilated, Airyaman 250 probably under Darius II, to Aredvi Sura 298 INDEX (q.v.), and worshipped thereafter as 'Anii­ Arstat 246 hit(a)', q.v. arta (asa) rs, 84, r2o, r2r, 142, 157, 175-6 Anai tis see *Anahi ti (artiicii brazmaniya). (cf. 'righteousness') Aniimaka 23-4 Arta see Asa (VahiSta) anarya 'non-Iranian', a descriptive and also Artachaees r68, r7I pejorative term, 65, go, 124, 127, r64, 287, Artanes II7 2gr. [Note: the usages of this word in the artavan (asavan) r2r, 176-7 Achaemenian period have been inferred Artaxerxes (Artakhsa~a) I roo-r, 178 ff.; pa­ from those of the derivative 'aner' in later tron of Nehemiah, r88-g; of Ezra(?), r9o-r; times.] his Babylonian queens and the cult of Ishtar­ Anaximander 47, 155-7 Aniihiti, rg6-7 Anaximenes 157-8 Artaxerxes II 2or-2, 203, zog ff.; promoting Aura Mainyu (Areimanios, Arimanius, Ahri­ the image-cult of Anahita, 2r7-8; his temple­ man, the Hostile Spirit) 94, r2o, 123, r82, foundations, 219, 220-r, 225, 263; probably r87, r89, rg3, 205, 224, 24g, 290; recognized a Zurvanite, 241; an image to 'Zeus' erected by Greeks as the opponent of Ahuramazda, in his reign, 255; his hardihood, 257-8; his r6o, 235, 239, 281; his concept influencing tomb, 262-3; his unfinished tomb ( ?), 2gr that of the ] ewish Satan, rg5; his position in n. r8; as patron of the faith, 263 Zurvanism, 232 ff. His name 'translated' as Artaxerxes III 241, 262, 264 ff.; his invoca­ Hades, 235, 281 tions of the ancient Ahuric triad, 283; his Anshan 6, ro, r2, 22, 42, 43, 63, 98 tomb, 283 *Anturza 140, 141 Artemis see Aniihit(a) Ap4m Napiit see Varuna Artimas 2IO-II Apaosa (Apos) 205 Artystone 91, II2, 127 Apas, Apo see Waters, the Arukku r2 Aphrodite see Aniihit(a) asa see arta Apis-bull 73, 124, 264 Asa (VahiSta) (Arta, Ardvahist) 83, 93, ro4, Apis-Osiris 124 I2I, 126, 142, 159, 223, 224, 245, 248, 250 apocalyptic teachings see eschatology asavan see artavan Apollo-shrine near Magnesia 47-8, 62, go, Asi r4o, 203, 246 155, 191 Asman 246 Arabus 84 Aspacana (Aspathines) gr, 93 n. 2r Arachosia 42, 14g, 27g Aspasia 220 Aramaic presumably written in service of Aspathines see Aspacana Deiocids, 31, 138; under the early Achaeme­ Assur 27, 36, 83 nians, 7g, 123, 132, 138, 141, 148-g; becoming Assyria subjecting the western Medes, 7, r I; the official written language of the empire, influence on the Medes, g, 31-2; and on the r78; under the later Achaemenians, 184, r86 western Iranians generally, 30, 38, 6o, 6r, with n. 6, 2ro, 265-6, 268, 271, 272, 275, 27g; g6, g7, gg; attitude to alien faiths, 27 the spoken language, 48, 122, 19g A~iyiidaya 24 Ardashir I 94 astodiina zro-II; 290 n. r8 ArdumaniS gr Astyages r2, r3, 42, 43, 49, 59, 67 Ardvahist see Asa (VahiSta) Atar I7, sr, I4I, 224, 246, 249· His name Arebsun inscriptions 274-5 'translated' as Hestia, 40, 215, 2r6 Aredvi Sura the Avestan yazata *Harahvaitl, atharvan, iithravan r9, 137, 230. (Cf. 'priests') whose concept was assimilated to *Anahiti's, *atharvapati 135-6 202-4. (See further under Aniihit(a).) Athene see Aniihit(a) Ares a 'translation' of. Indra ? , 40-r; of Atossa (Hutaosii) 1 4r, 59, 78, 8z, 91, rr2, II7, Verethraghna ? , q.v. 200 Arimanius see Aura Mainyu Atossa 2 daughter-wife of Artaxerxes II, 220 Aristotle 154, 155, rg6, 260, 280-2 Atossa3 wife of Artaxerxes III z8 5 Armaiti see Spenta Armaiti Autophradates 258, 259 Armenia 9, r85 Avesta belonging essentially to the eastern Arsacids 2 2 r Iranians, 5, 8, 123, 204; orally transmitted Arsames (Arsiima) 1 grandfather of Darius the throughout the period, 123, r79, 275, zgz; Great, 41, II8 part of the education of princes, 20r; addi­ Arsames2 an Achaemenian, satrap of Egypt, tional matter composed by learned priests, r86, r88, rgg, 200 204, 254; its sonorous recitation understood Arsames3 a son of Artaxerxes II, 262 by Greeks as 'chanting hymns', r8o, 214, Arsicas 200 287, 289 .
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