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Information to Users INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back o f the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zed) Road, Ann Arbor MI 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 SEA PICTURES. Op.37 BY SIR EDWARD ELGAR: A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE FOR STUDY AND PERFORMANCE D.M.A. DOCUMENT Presented in partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Musical Arts in the Graduate School o f The Ohio State University by Lynnette Borman, B.M.E., M.M. ***** The Ohio State University 1998 D.M.A. Document Committee: Approved by: Dr. Robin Rice, Adviser Professor Eileen Davis L Adviser ^ Professor Loretta Robinson School of Music UMI Number; 9900786 UMI Microform 9900786 Copyright 1998, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Copyright by Lynnette Borman 1998 ABSTRACT On October 5, 1899 the premier performance of Sea Pictures. Op. 37, took place at the Norwich Festival in England. This song cycle was written for orchestra and contralto / mezzo-soprano soloist and contains the poetic verses of the Honorable Roden Noel, C. A. Elgar, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Dr. Richard Garnett, and Adam Lindsay Gordon. With this work. Edward Elgar, began an exploration into the new territory of English solo song. This document is designed to enhance future performances of Sea Pictures by offering a discussion on each of the poet’s lives and their literary works. A performer's analysis of the composition in relationship to the poems as well as Elgar’s life, follows. The document is divided into six chapters that include information on the life of Elgar, the history and status of the British Empire while Elgar was compos­ ing, the history of English solo song, Elgar’s compositional style, and finally an in- depth discussion of Sea Pictures. Deeper knowledge of Edward Elgar and his possi­ ble reasons for text choices furnish performers with an increased perception and in sight into Sea Pictures. Op. 37. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to acknowledge the efforts of all those who assisted with this project. I would like to thank my D.M.A. Document committee for their guidance and expertise: Dr. Robin Rice. Chair. Professor Loretta Robinson, and Professor Eileen Davis. My deepest gratitude to Jennifer and Brian Crain for the untimely use of their computer and the continuous inspiration and encouragement they gave me. My sincere thanks to Mr. John Norris and The Elgar Society for answering my vast amount of questions throughout this project. My sincere appreciation to Professor Loretta Robin­ son. Professor Eileen Davis, and Dr. Robin Rice who so generously took their summer vacation to share their editing skills. 1 would also like to thank both sets of my parents. .Art and Lynn Borman / Jane and Mike Parker, and my grandparents Ben and Karen Montgomery/ Ernie and Mary Jo Parker who supported and encouraged me through­ out all of my educational endeavors. Finally and most importantly, I would like to thank God. For without his strength the completion of this project would have never taken place. Ill VITA 1971 .................................................................................... Bom - Houston, Texas 1994................................................................................... B.M.E. Baylor University Waco, Texas 199 6................................................................................... M.M. The Ohio State University Columbus. Ohio 1994-1998......................................................................... Graduate Teaching Associate The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 199 7 ....................................................................................Apprentice Young Artist Des Moines Metro Opera Des Moines, Iowa FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Music Studies in Voice, Vocal Pedagogy, Vocal Literature, Music History, Diction, Performance Techniques, Music Education, Choral Conducting IV TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................ ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS................................................................................................ iii VITA.................................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES...........................................................................................................vii INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................I CHAPTERS: 1. EDWARD ELGAR (1837-1934) Family History .............................................................................................. 4 Education and Employment .........................................................................6 Influences ....................................................................................................... 7 Interest in music recording ........................................................................ 14 Chronology .................................................................................................. 15 2. THE BRITISH EMPIRE The Forming and Failing of an Em pire ...................................................20 Elgar's Relationship to English Royalty ..................................................23 The First World War ...................................................................................25 3. ENGLISH SOLO SONG......................................................................................29 4. EDWARD ELGAR’S COMPOSITIONAL STYLE The Beginning of Elgar’s composing career .......................................... 36 Compositional techniques ..........................................................................37 Elgar as a song composer ..........................................................................38 His choice and setting of tex t ....................................................................39 5. SEA PICTURES. OP. 37 ......................................................................................43 6. THE SONGS "Sea Slumber Song” ............................................................................................. 50 P oet ..............................................................................................................51 Poem ........................................................................................................... 54 Music........................................................................................................... 55 Setting of text ............................................................................................. 65 "In Haven” ............................................................................................................ 69 P oet ..............................................................................................................69 Poem ........................................................................................................... 75 Music............................................................................................................76 Setting of text ............................................................................................. 80 "Sabbath Morning at Sea” ....................................................................................82 Poet ..............................................................................................................83 Poem ........................................................................................................... 88 Music........................................................................................................... 89 Setting of text ............................................................................................. 95 "Where corals lie” .................................................................................................98 P oet ..............................................................................................................99 Poem ..........................................................................................................
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