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Effect of Fireworks, Chinese New Year and the COVID-19 Lockdown on Air Pollution and Public Attitudes
Special Issue on COVID-19 Aerosol Drivers, Impacts and Mitigation (VII) Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 20: 2318–2331, 2020 ISSN: 1680-8584 print / 2071-1409 online Publisher: Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.06.0299 Effect of Fireworks, Chinese New Year and the COVID-19 Lockdown on Air Pollution and Public Attitudes Peter Brimblecombe1,2, Yonghang Lai3* 1 Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan 2 Aerosol Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan 3 School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong ABSTRACT Concentrations of primary air pollutants are driven by emissions and weather patterns, which control their production and dispersion. The early months of the year see the celebratory use of fireworks, a week-long public holiday in China, but in 2020 overlapped in Hubei Province with lockdowns, some of > 70 days duration. The urban lockdowns enforced to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic give a chance to explore the effect of rapid changes in societal activities on air pollution, with a public willing to leave views on social media and show a continuing concern about the return of pollution problems after COVID-19 restrictions are lifted. Fireworks typically give rise to sharp peaks in PM2.5 concentrations, though the magnitude of these peaks in both Wuhan and Beijing has decreased under tighter regulation in recent years, along with general reductions in pollutant emissions. Firework smoke is now most evident in smaller outlying cities and towns. The holiday effect, a reduction in pollutant concentrations when normal work activities are curtailed, is only apparent for NO2 in the holiday week in Wuhan (2015–2020), but not Beijing. -
Solitary Confinement of Teens in Adult Prisons
Children in Lockdown: Solitary Confinement of Teens in Adult Prisons January 30, 2010 By Jean Casella and James Ridgeway 23 Comments While there are no concrete numbers, it’s safe to say that hundreds, if not thousands of children are in solitary confinement in the United States–some in juvenile detention facilities, and some in adult prisons. Short bouts of solitary confinement are even viewed as a legitimate form of punishment in some American schools. In this first post on the subject, we address teenagers in solitary confinement in adult prisons. In large part, this grim reality is simply a symptom of the American criminal justice system’s taste for treating children as adults. A study by Michele Deitch and a team of student researchers at the University of Texas’s LBJ School found that on a given day in 2008, there were more than 11,300 children under 18 being held in the nation’s adult prisons and jail. According to Deitch’s 2009 report From Time Out to Hard Time, ”More than half the states permit children under age 12 to be treated as adults for criminal justice purposes. In 22 states plus the District of Columbia, children as young as 7 can be prosecuted and tried in adult court, where they would be subjected to harsh adult sanctions, including long prison terms, mandatory sentences, and placement in adult prison.” These practices set the United States apart from nearly all nations in both the developed and the developing world. Documentation on children placed in solitary confinement in adult prisons is spotty. -
Respondus Lockdown Browser & Monitor Remote Proctoring Is Available, but Not Recommended. Please Consider Alternative Assess
Respondus Lockdown Browser & Monitor Remote proctoring is available, but not recommended. Please consider alternative assessment strategies. If you absolutely cannot use alternatives, and want to move forward using Respondus Lockdown Browser, here are some aspects to consider to minimize the impact to your students: Definitions: • Respondus Lockdown Browser is an internet browser downloaded and installed by students, which locks down the computer on which they are taking the test so that students cannot open other applications or web pages. Lockdown Browser does not monitor or record student activity. • Respondus Monitor is an instructor-enabled feature of Respondus Lockdown Browser, which uses the students’ webcams to record video and audio of the exam environment. It also records the students’ computer screens. Instructors can view these recordings after the exam session is over. Considerations: • If Respondus Monitor is enabled, students must have a webcam to take the test. Be aware that many of your students may not have access to a webcam. You will need to offer an alternative assessment for students who do not have a webcam. o Students may not be asked to purchase a webcam for these exams, unless one was required as an initial expectation for the course. Requiring the purchase of additional materials not specified in the class description or original syllabus opens up a host of concerns, including but not limited to: student financial aid and ability to pay, grade appeals, and departmental policies. • Both Respondus Lockdown Browser and Respondus Monitor require a Windows or Mac computer. iPads require a specialized app, and are not recommended. -
Hospital Lockdown Guidance
Hospital Lockdown: A Framework for NHSScotland Strategic Guidance for NHSScotland June 2010 Hospital Lockdown: A Framework for NHSScotland Strategic Guidance for NHSScotland Contents Page 1. Introduction..........................................................................................5 2. Best Practice and relevant Legislation and Regulation ...................7 2.1 Best Practice............................................................................7 2.8 Relevant legislation and regulation ..........................................8 3. Lockdown Definition ..........................................................................9 3.1 Definition of site/building lockdown...........................................9 3.4 Partial lockdown .......................................................................9 3.5 Portable lockdown ..................................................................10 3.6 Progressive/incremental lockdown .........................................10 3.8 Full lockdown..........................................................................11 4. Developing a lockdown profile.........................................................12 4.3 Needs Analysis ......................................................................13 4.4 Critical asset profile................................................................14 4.9 Risk Management ..................................................................14 4.10 Threat and hazard assessment..............................................14 4.13 Lockdown threat -
Official Proceedings of the Meetings of the Board Of
OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS OF PORTAGE COUNTY, WISCONSIN January 18, 2005 February 15, 2005 March 15, 2005 April 19, 2005 May 17, 2005 June 29, 2005 July 19, 2005 August 16,2005 September 21,2005 October 18, 2005 November 8, 2005 December 20, 2005 O. Philip Idsvoog, Chair Richard Purcell, First Vice-Chair Dwight Stevens, Second Vice-Chair Roger Wrycza, County Clerk ATTACHED IS THE PORTAGE COUNTY BOARD PROCEEDINGS FOR 2005 WHICH INCLUDE MINUTES AND RESOLUTIONS ATTACHMENTS THAT ARE LISTED FOR RESOLUTIONS ARE AVAILABLE AT THE COUNTY CLERK’S OFFICE RESOLUTION NO RESOLUTION TITLE JANUARY 18, 2005 77-2004-2006 ZONING ORDINANCE MAP AMENDMENT, CRUEGER PROPERTY 78-2004-2006 ZONING ORDINANCE MAP AMENDMENT, TURNER PROPERTY 79-2004-2006 HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES NEW POSITION REQUEST FOR 2005-NON TAX LEVY FUNDED-PUBLIC HEALTH PLANNER (ADDITIONAL 20 HOURS/WEEK) 80-2004-2006 DIRECT LEGISLATION REFERENDUM ON CREATING THE OFFICE OF COUNTY EXECUTIVE 81-2004-2006 ADVISORY REFERENDUM QUESTIONS DEALING WITH FULL STATE FUNDING FOR MANDATED STATE PROGRAMS REQUESTED BY WISCONSIN COUNTIES ASSOCIATION 82-2004-2006 SUBCOMMITTEE TO REVIEW AMBULANCE SERVICE AMENDED AGREEMENT ISSUES 83-2004-2006 MANAGEMENT REVIEW PROCESS TO IDENTIFY THE FUTURE DIRECTION TECHNICAL FOR THE MANAGEMENT AND SUPERVISION OF PORTAGE COUNTY AMENDMENT GOVERNMENT 84-2004-2006 FINAL RESOLUTION FEBRUARY 15, 2005 85-2004-2006 ZONING ORDINANCE MAP AMENDMENT, WANTA PROPERTY 86-2004-2006 AUTHORIZING, APPROVING AND RATIFYING A SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT INCLUDING GROUND -
Hidden Prisons: Twenty-Three-Hour Lockdown Units in New York State Correctional Facilities
Pace Law Review Volume 24 Issue 2 Spring 2004 Prison Reform Revisited: The Unfinished Article 6 Agenda April 2004 Hidden Prisons: Twenty-Three-Hour Lockdown Units in New York State Correctional Facilities Jennifer R. Wynn Alisa Szatrowski Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/plr Recommended Citation Jennifer R. Wynn and Alisa Szatrowski, Hidden Prisons: Twenty-Three-Hour Lockdown Units in New York State Correctional Facilities, 24 Pace L. Rev. 497 (2004) Available at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/plr/vol24/iss2/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pace Law Review by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Modern American Penal System Hidden Prisons: Twenty-Three-Hour Lockdown Units in New York State Correctional Facilities* Jennifer R. Wynnt Alisa Szatrowski* I. Introduction There is increasing awareness today of America's grim in- carceration statistics: Over two million citizens are behind bars, more than in any other country in the world.' Nearly seven mil- lion people are under some form of correctional supervision, in- cluding prison, parole or probation, an increase of more than 265% since 1980.2 At the end of 2002, 1 of every 143 Americans 3 was incarcerated in prison or jail. * This article is based on an adaptation of a report entitled Lockdown New York: Disciplinary Confinement in New York State Prisons, first published by the Correctional Association of New York, in October 2003. -
The Effect of Lockdown Policies on International Trade Evidence from Kenya
The effect of lockdown policies on international trade Evidence from Kenya Addisu A. Lashitew Majune K. Socrates GLOBAL WORKING PAPER #148 DECEMBER 2020 The Effect of Lockdown Policies on International Trade: Evidence from Kenya Majune K. Socrates∗ Addisu A. Lashitew†‡ January 20, 2021 Abstract This study analyzes how Kenya’s import and export trade was affected by lockdown policies during the COVID-19 outbreak. Analysis is conducted using a weekly series of product-by-country data for the one-year period from July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. Analysis using an event study design shows that the introduction of lockdown measures by trading partners led to a modest increase of exports and a comparatively larger decline of imports. The decline in imports was caused by disruption of sea cargo trade with countries that introduced lockdown measures, which more than compensated for a significant rise in air cargo imports. Difference-in-differences results within the event study framework reveal that food exports and imports increased, while the effect of the lockdown on medical goods was less clear-cut. Overall, we find that the strength of lockdown policies had an asymmetric effect between import and export trade. Keywords: COVID-19; Lockdown; Social Distancing; Imports; Exports; Kenya JEL Codes: F10, F14, L10 ∗School of Economics, University of Nairobi, Kenya. Email: [email protected] †Brookings Institution, 1775 Mass Av., Washington DC, 20036, USA. Email: [email protected] ‡The authors would like to thank Matthew Collin of Brookings Institution for his valuable comments and suggestions on an earlier version of the manuscript. 1 Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has spawned an unprecedented level of social and economic crisis worldwide. -
Hospital Lockdown Resources
ASPR TRACIE Technical Assistance Request Request Receipt Date (by ASPR TRACIE): 14 January 2020 Response Date: 22 January 2020 Type of TA Request: Standard Request: The requestor asked for references, procedures, checklists, and plans related to a hospital lockdown. Response: A variety of incidents could necessitate a hospital implementing lockdown procedures, including active shooter incidents, hostage situations, patients/visitors/staff exhibiting threatening behavior, child abductions, and threats exterior to the facility, among others. ASPR TRACIE reviewed existing resources, including those in the Active Shooter and Explosives, Responder Safety and Health, and Workplace Violence Topic Collections, for examples related to hospital lockdowns. Previous technical assistance requests were also reviewed. ASPR TRACIE also searched for general information on lockdowns. Section I includes resources related to active shooter, hostage-taking, and other potentially violent incidents that include information on hospital lockdowns. Section II includes resources that are specifically focused on hospital lockdowns. I. Resources That Include Information on Hospital Lockdowns NOTE: The resources listed in Section I are checklists, templates, plans, and other written documents. The Topic Collections linked earlier in this response also include several videos demonstrating behaviors, including lockdown actions, that may be helpful to incorporate in training programs, scenario development, or other planning efforts. However, those videos are not listed in this Section. ASPR TRACIE. (2019). ASPR TRACIE-Developed Active Shooter Resources, and "Secure- Preserve-Fight" Model Articles. This ASPR TRACIE TA response provides links to ASPR TRACIE-developed resources specific to healthcare active shooter incidents. It also includes published articles related to the concept of a “secure-preserve-fight” model. -
Impact of Lockdown on COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in China: an Interrupted Time Series Study
Title: Impact of lockdown on COVID-19 incidence and mortality in China: an interrupted time series study. Alexandre Medeiros de Figueiredo1, Antonio Daponte Codina2, Daniela Cristina Moreira Marculino Figueiredo3, Marc Saez4, and Andrés Cabrera León2 1 Universidade Federal da Paraiba e Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2 Escuela Andaluza de Salud Publica 3 Universidade Federal da Paraíba 4 Universitat de Girona y Ciber of Epidemiolgy and Public Health Correspondence to : Alexandre Medeiros de Figueiredo (email: [email protected]) (Submitted: 4 April 2020 – Published online: 6 April 2020) DISCLAIMER This paper was submitted to the Bulletin of the World Health Organization and was posted to the COVID-19 open site, according to the protocol for public health emergencies for international concern as described in Vasee Moorthy et al. (http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.251561). The information herein is available for unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited as indicated by the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Intergovernmental Organizations licence (CC BY IGO 3.0). RECOMMENDED CITATION Medeiros de Figueiredo A, Daponte Codina A, Moreira Marculino Figueiredo DC, Saez M & Cabrera León A. Impact of lockdown on COVID-19 incidence and mortality in China: an interrupted time series study. [Preprint]. Bull World Health Organ. E-pub: 6 April 2020. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.20.256701 Abstract Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of strict social distancing measures applied in China in reducing the incidence and mortality from COVID-19 in two Chinese provinces. Methods: We assessed incidence and mortality rates in Hubei and Guangdong before and after the lockdown period in cities in Hubei. -
Fight, Flight Or Lockdown Edited
Fight, Flight or Lockdown: Dorn & Satterly 1 Fight, Flight or Lockdown - Teaching Students and Staff to Attack Active Shooters could Result in Decreased Casualties or Needless Deaths By Michael S. Dorn and Stephen Satterly, Jr., Safe Havens International. Since the Virginia Tech shooting in 2007, there has been considerable interest in an alternative approach to the traditional lockdown for campus shooting situations. These efforts have focused on incidents defined by the United States Department of Education and the United States Secret Service as targeted acts of violence which are also commonly referred to as active shooter situations. This interest has been driven by a variety of factors including: • Incidents where victims were trapped by an active shooter • A lack of lockable doors for many classrooms in institutions of higher learning. • The successful use of distraction techniques by law enforcement and military tactical personnel. • A desire to see if improvements can be made on established approaches. • Learning spaces in many campus buildings that do not offer suitable lockable areas for the number of students and staff normally in the area. We think that the discussion of this topic and these challenges is generally a healthy one. New approaches that involve students and staff being trained to attack active shooters have been developed and have been taught in grades ranging from kindergarten to post secondary level. There are however, concerns about these approaches that have not, thus far, been satisfactorily addressed resulting in a hot debate about these concepts. We feel that caution and further development of these concepts is prudent. Developing trend in active shooter response training The relatively new trend in the area of planning and training for active shooter response for K-20 schools has been implemented in schools. -
Unlocking Campus Lockdown
Episode One: Unlocking Campus Lockdown Tragedy at UCLA This is an excerpt from On July 1, 2016, former doctoral student Mainak Sarkar fatally shot professor William Klug in a fourth floor Unlocked — an ASSA ABLOY office in one of UCLA’s engineering buildings. Sarkar then turned the gun on himself. podcast series on campus security. Unlocked explores UCLA Police was quick to react to the shooting — invoking the Bruin emergency alert notification system the security issues and to the campus community. Thousands of UCLA students raced for cover and barricaded themselves in challenges that colleges classrooms. The campus was put on lockdown. and universities face as they strive to create a While tragic, the UCLA shooting provides an opportunity to look at what went wrong, and what can be safe and secure learning done to make sure all campuses are prepared in the event of an emergency. environment. Visit www.intelligentopenings. com/unlocked to hear more. So What Is Lockdown? Lockdown is a concept that fits in a group of what are called “functional protocols.” There are functional protocols for various types of emergencies. The most basic and commonly known is the evacuation. Lockdown is another. Bart Kartoz from Dynamic Security says that locking down a campus is the act of taking the campus from an open profile — or as open as they are on a normal day — to a more secure profile. This might look different for different organizations. It depends on the level of public safety presence, response time to the area and the type of people who occupy the building. -
Vandalism May Put Lockdown on Building Expressions
Volume 30, Issue 10 UNIVERSITY OF NORTH FLORIDA October The unofficial results are in. See page 7 18 2006 Wednesday THIS WEEK NEWS Starbucks coming soon to a campus near you When the climate cools down in January, students can grab their books and curl up in the library with hot coffee. See STARBUCKS, page 6 EXPRESSIONS Backpacking through Europe Taking time to travel Europe can be a worthwhile experi- ILLUSTRA ence. Check out a variety of ways to cross the Atlantic. TION: JEN QUINN AND R See TRIPPIN’, page 11 SPORTS Boys versus girls... OBER Who will rule and who T K. PIETRZYK will drool? Female student athlete’s spots on the field are receiv- ing the same treatment as the prominent male sports, due to conditions associated withTitle IX. See EVEN FIELD, page 17 WEEKEND BY ACE STRYKER stances as a way to offer “alternative living environments” where stu- MANAGING EDITOR dents can enjoy more company at a lower rate than double rooms. Many, WEATHER he said, prefer the camaraderie of two roommates and don’t mind the The majority of the 2,450 students living in on-campus housing at the limited space. University of North Florida are now in triple occupancy rooms, accord- “I love it,” said Kyle Landmann, a freshman mechanical engineering ing to statistics provided by Housing Operations. major who lives in a triple room. Most people are uncomfortable with it at As enrollments increase and the demand for housing continues to rise, first, he said, but enjoy it once they overcome the initial awkwardness and UNF is booking more students together in rooms to make space for every- make friends.