JAERI-Research—97-060 JAERI-Research JP9710018 97-060
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i Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute *°- Mi, T 319-11
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This report is issued irregularly. Inquiries about availability of the reports should be addressed to Research Information Division, Department of Intellectual Resources, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Tokai-rrura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 319-11, Japan.
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tzo ttzn. -^©uncertainty©*: JAERI-Research 97-060 Triton Burnup Study Using Scintillating Fiber Detector on JT-60U
Hideki HARANO*
Department of Fusion Plasma Research Naka Fusion Research Establishment Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Naka-machi, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken
(Received August 1, 1997)
The DT fusion reactor cannot be realized without knowing how the fusion-produced 3.5 MeV a particles behave. The a particles' behavior can be simulated using the 1 MeV triton generated by the DD fusion reaction in the DD burning plasma. To see the triton burnup is one of the way to investi- gate the 1 MeV triton's behavior. In this study, for the triton burnup measurement at JT-60U, a new type of directional 14 Me V neutron detector, scintillating fiber (Sci-Fi) detector has been developed and installed on JT-60U in the cooperation with LANL as part of a US-Japan collaboration. The most remarkable feature of the Sci-Fi detector is that the plastic scintillating fibers are em- ployed for the neutron sensor head, which gives the following advantages, (1) the pointing ability to the DT neutron, (2) the gamma pulse height suppression, (3) the very fast operation and (4) the excellent durability against radiation. Various performance tests show that the Sci-Fi detector has an insufficient directivity of about ± 40~50° , however, due to the above (2-4) properties the Sci-Fi detector overcomes the problems of the Si semiconductor detector and the NE213 liquid scintillator which have been utilized for the triton burup study. The Sci-Fi detector measures and extracts the DT neutrons from the fusion radiation field in high time resolution (10ms) and wide dynamic range (3 decades). Triton burnup analysis code TBURN has been made in order to analyze the time evolution of DT neutron emission rate obtained by the Sci-Fi detector at JT-60U. The TBURN calculations repro- duced the measurements fairly well, and the validity of the calculation model that the slowing down of the 1 MeV triton was classical was confirmed. The Sci-Fi detector's directionality indicated the tendency that the DT neutron emission profile became more and more peaked with the time progress, which was qualitatively explained by the triton's slowing-down time. It has been predicted that the classical transport of the fast ion increases under the existence of
Research Collaborator (University of Tokyo). the toroidal field ripple. Since JT-60U is a large tokamak experimental device which has the ripple amplitude of about 1 % at the plasma edge, the various research on the ripple transport has been carried out until now. In this study, in order to examine the effect of the toroidel field ripple on the triton burnup, R -scan and ne-scan experiments have been performed. The R -scan experiment indi- cates that the triton's transport was increased as the ripple amplitude over the triton became larger, which did not contradict detailed analysis with TBURN and three-dimensional orbit following Monte
Carlo code OFMC. In the ne-scan experiment, the DT neutron emission showed the characteristic changes after the gas puffing injection. However, there was no performance on extracting informa- tion on the transport from these changes, for uncertainty of measured data. However it was con- firmed theoretically that the gas puffing was effective for the collisionality scan.
Keywords: JT-60U, Nuclear Fusion, Scintillating Fiber, 14 MeV Neutron, Directional Neutron Detector, Triton Burnup, Alpha Particle Physics, Energetic Ion Transport, Classical Slowing Down Theory, Toroidal Field Ripple, OFMC Code
iv JAERI-Research 97-060
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Contents
1. Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Overview of Triton Burnup Research 6 1.3 Status of Fast Ion Research on JT-60U 8 1.4 Purpose and Positioning of This Study 11 2. Sci-Fi Detector 13 2.1 Principle 13 2.2 Specification 16 2.3 Performance Tests 22 2.4 JT-60U Installation 31 2.5 Summary 51 3. Triton Burnup Analysis Code Tburn 52 3.1 Classical Slowing Down Theory 52 3.2 Analytical Model 58 3.3 Results and Discussions 76 3.4 Summary 79 4. Ripple Transport Experiment 80 4.1 Classical Transport Model of Fast Ion 80 4.2 Experiments 94 4.3 Analysis and Discussion for R -scan Experiment 100
4.4 Analysis and Discussion for ne-scan Experiment 112 4.5 Summary 116 5. Conclusion 117 Acknowledgements 119 References 120 Publication List 132
VI JAERI-Research 97-060
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ITER t/S R&D £>M3c*S B (PCX) [8, 9, 10, 11], 3. a-CHERS) [12, 13] [4] ~?--7°V-7(Y3A\5O12:Ce) Figure l.l(ilK [7] K frKX *) v >f- V- 9 -}L"? 2 - JAERI-Research 97-060 Z>o 2. liLiXtiBCO^W h (~7 mm3) £ 500-700m/s 7 Xv *£(;:#•£,&&, *kttzfe%M (ablation cloud) i:T He2+ + (Li or B)° -+ He0 + (Li or B)2+ (1.1) #1 NPA(Neutral Particle Analyzer) NPA O^igl^ h%htl%> m m±ffiW&=i- (trapped particle) ^^O t NPA i/ mmh 3. He2+ + D° -> He+* + D+ (1.2) zfe, n=4 -> n=3 H «t •) KtHit ^^ (He2+ 468.6 nm) *5o f&^^^^-flitT^l^^^SJS^^v^,:^, it (0.15-0.7MeV) (7)'lf #^1#f)tL^o Figure 1.2 {•%& [13] i ^Iffl) Ha-CHERS TFTR Vacuum Vessel Center Line Cast shielding (or fiber bundles Quartz coherent fiber optic bundles Radiation Shielding Enclosure Detector Enclosure Basement Floor Figure 1.1. Overview of the layout of the TFTR escaping particle diagnostic, showing the locations of the principal components of the system. - 4 JAERI-Research 97-060 Figure 1.2. Equipment layout for the alpha-CHERS experiment in the TFTR hot cell. A, t^( Table 1.1 \z J*> W.W.Heidbrink b \Z tf i-|fei [14] 1.2 -e«i-€--5 ?t 1.3 T*fi JT-60U Table 1.1. Principal sources of fast ions. Source Physical Spatial Angular mechanism distribution distribution Fusion reactions Nuclear reactions Centrally peaked Nearly isotropic Neutral beam Charge exchange, Depends upon Anisotropic injection electron impact energy and (depends upon ionization line density injection angle) ICRF minority Cyclotron damping peaked near Anisotropic) heating resonance layer (perpendicular) - 5 - JAERI-Research 97-060 1.2 DD (->kKB) HiiJ^TO 2 d + d -+ 0.82 MeV 3He + 2.45 MeV n (1.3) -» 1.01 MeV t + 3.02 MeV p (1.4) (1.3) CT 2.5MeV ^14^ (DD Kfc (1.4) H «£ «J lMeV h 'J 1.3) fc (1.4) / ^^ U < . DD^±=f-t lMeV h U h > DD * > to? -u >; h v\± 200keV ®Lt-?ft&tZ> t Figure 3.U\Z^Ltz X n \Z DT d + t-^ 3.56 MeV a + 14.03 MeV n (1.5) 14MeV f^ttT (DT 'j h >m^t^^o itz, DD tt DT >, Y V h U 1 MeV h 'J h 3.5 MeV 3.5 MeV Jft > DD DT DD > (Eth = 0.5MeV), DT 63 62 Cu(n, 2n) Cu (Eth = 11.9MeV) DD - 6 - JAERI-Research 97-060 DT 4>14i^*fr LTti Si ^Sft^tb^ (SBD) * NE213 tlTV^0 PLT[57] ur MHD JET[15, 54,16], DIII-D[32], JT-60U[45] KXM&WKm^btltZo $&%&%:& JET[16] JET[16] Wf'-^liStJiltra^^^ (~2s) [87, 75, 17, 105] W3LKm\<*htl, MHD T PLT[87, 57], FT[18, 19, 20, 21, 22], TFTR[23, 24], DIII-D[32], JT-60U[45], JET[25, 15, 54, 16, 26, 27, 28, 29, 105] iZ& 1 o -^ JET -eti DD ^14^fc DT ^tt ?-O^K^^36^|£tS:^&«:#m L , &btitz&M&&\i V >; h >iitt$^ DT [30] (i#^L-CV^o J^, FX[19], TFTR[23], DIII-D[32] , MHD i^h U b >Btib*MLXMllD]gW}tfY ]) Y y(DW£K5-lZ>&WtfM^btlX^2>o PLT[87] t?li sawtooth [,] 'J [22, 31]o fa\Z i> JET[29] "Ctt sawtooth H^B#H DT JAERI-Research 97-060 t &||$lj Uv^o itz DIII-D X*\t TAE •=£- K [32] , h U h ^j^ •; ^ 1.3 JT-60U JT-60U Table 1.2K Sia*r Figure 1.3 x 10-6Pa zmW:2titz 18 36MW) ^ (RF, ^5Ji>f t > {Y U h >^h') ^ li, 1. #^.JH*^7 (IRTV) [34, 35, 36, 37] {?7 X-? fr hfflz LX < Z>Hh& 4 * > K X ^), 2. #m£&+14*>fc^#tffS (CXNPA) [38,39,40,41] *&4tLX77X'?9\.\ZliiX£tz&m'(*>iftm), 3. 235U 7fr>3> - [42,43,44] (NB \tt\Z I I) ^^fe U:S3lfa- h n > fc /<;l/^ >f ^ > t , 4. Si^S#^IUS (SBD)[45], Q JAERI-Research 97-060 [46, 47] ( HJ h >M&mfe) , 5. 7 *Mfcffi& [48] (ICRF K «t E) > 6. 7>7U7yn-y (Langmuir probe)[49] nFn >&M£$J^) 4 ^K X «9 ftiJ $ JT-60U tf?ITER %im. R&D @f (Toroidal Alfven Eigen) ^- K (TAE -t- K [so] , JT-60U Ji Fugure 4. lOOkeV - Y o ti 3.1 C 3^ [51,52], , TAE •=&- K fc fc-C, TAE •t - K (IT o ^o ~*" 500keVNBI n 1020 m-3 Hr TAE «t- 3He 3 D- He Z> 3.7 MeV 10 MW ^7 ~"C 1.5MW tLh - 9 - JAERI-Research 97-060 Table 1.2. Main parameters of JT-60U. Paramaters Divertor Limiter Plasama current 6 MA 6.5 MA Major radius 3.2-3.4 m 3.2-3.4 m Minor radius (horizontal) 0.8-1.1 m 0.8-1.1 m Minor radius (vertical) 1.5 m 1.5 m Elongation 1.4-1.8 1.4-1.8 Plasma volume < 100 m3 < 110 m3 Toroidal field 4.2 T(14.4 Tm) Discharge duration 15 s Discharge interval 10-15 min Flux swing 61 Vs Neutral beam Torus input power 40 MW Beam energy 120 kV ICRF Torus input power <5MW Frequency 110-130 MHz LHCD Torus input power <10MW Frequency 1.7-2.3 GHz Pellet injection <2.8 km/s, 4 mm -10- JAERI-Research 97-060 Upper Support Structure Radio Frequency Heating System Totoidal Field coil Poroidal Field Coil Vacuum Vessel fi Neutral Beam Injector Vacuum Pumping System Figure 1.3. Overview of JT-60U. 1.4 1.2 -emfrLtzxi c^Mf^v^sitt- u ^ si (SBD) [54, 55, 56] * NE213 -*- [55, 57] t^LSBD \tMMmmtfl00 KM< (~1012 neutrons/cm2), tZo ttz NE213 JT-60U 14MeV -11 - JAERI-Research 97-060 v 3 y~J7 4>*- (Figure 2.3 #BR0 J£JlT\ Sci-Fi (LANL) JT-60U Kf Sci-Fi v 3 :/ 7 r 4 T£ *K DT *I(2.2mm) X T 4 J*- r J;*- , 7 7 (5-8.6 MeV electron equivalent) Sci-Fi i: t 4 H, Sci-Fi Sci-Fi ttz l.l 1.3 H ^ JT-60U t*K , JT-60U \z t'J -; , U 77°^ Sci-Fi *)%htitz -12- JAERI-Research 97-060 2. Sci-Fi *i to 2.1 j 1.4 x-mfrLtzl i \z Sci-Fifcffi&fi^te^fcttlSBK-/?*^* ? v ^ u—v t, 2 Ep = En cos 0 (2.2) ilt En h tt h P(O)d0 - 2x sin G dO ^^ (2.3) P(Ep)dEp ^ Ep <7)£^ dEp tf > P(G)dO = P(Ep)dEp (2.4) de -13- JAERI-Research 97-060 5$ (2.1) X*) dQ/dEpZ%it)XitAth t P(EP) = ~ (2-6) 7 ? v y* v- (2.3.2 #,B?.)o i:?&ot Lr(in mm) Lr(Ep) = Ej/89.1 (2.7) Lg(0)(inmm) 14MeV ^ttT^lSS lmm(r = 0.5) (7)7 T ^^"-H Edep(^) * Figure 2.1 JC^to Figure 2.1 X 7 b -t -6 z DT 2.2 14- JAERI-Research 97-060 I i i i i i 14 bulk scintillator CD - Sci-Fi (0 deg.) 12 Q. \ - Sci-Fi (90 deg.) \ \ u? 10 - S \ \ c \ incident angle I 8 0 deg.\ •(0 \ 6 - 2 CoD oc COS ^ T5 4 \ CD C 2 90 deg. UJ 0 i f i i i 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Proton recoil angle d [deg.] Figure 2.1. Comparison of deposition energy of recoil proton in a big bulk plastic scintillator and in a 1 mm<£ plastic scintillating fiber for 14 MeV neutrons. Sci-Fi »; > - ^^^; [62] J.Kaneko [63] -15- JAERI-Research 97-060 2.2 ft Sci-Fi ti Figure 2.2. Figure 2.3H <#*tt\ 7 KSP (sensor head), Tfc ? 7, (electronics box) 2.2.1 Figure 2.3^^-f «t ? II, ® 3.5 cm , 10 cm K til 1/8 inch # 1 mm^ O Bicron BCF-10 fc^ffi Lfc0 Figure 2.4 H BCF-10 Table 2.1 [Z^(D^^^L^7^to 7 7^^«I$ 10 cm linT^^T^ 14MeV (e-folding length) t mm L < LT& S o i ^ 14 MeV ^tti^ <£ T^cfI-ec0ft^:f|fIfi2.2mm T*I9, 1.4 t 2.1 (CTUi^L C 14 MeV *&¥-KttLXft\ti}&imft-?£ ha -0^[S]t4tCOV^T(i 2.3.1 16- JAERI-Research 97-060 Figure 2.2. Photo of the Sci-Fi detector. -26.7 cm- "10.5 cm base electronics box -3.5 cm .Woo.°.V.°. .Wo0.0.0.0.0.0. magnetic field proof PMT soft iron magnetic shield sensor head housing PMT housing transition box Figure 2.3. Schematic view of the Sci-Fi detector. 17 - JAERI-Research 97-060 , 10 •/ n ? 2^(7) indexing rod Lfc 1 ^7 ? \Z\ff t -6 ^ f> "C* ^ > Erdylite @ WJJJL^^, 7 r 2.3.2 ^ Table 2.1. Optical and Physical Properties of BCF-10 Scintillating Fiber for round 1 mm^ fibers. Scintillating core polystylene(with 1% butyl-PBD) refractive index 1.60 Cladding PMMA(polymethylmethacrylate) refractive index 1.49 Cladding thickness 0.03 mm Numerical aperture 0.58 Light output 52 % anthracene Scintillation efficiency 2.8% Trapping efficiency > 3.44 % minimum Peak emission wavelength 431 nm Attenuation length 2 m Scintillation decay time 2.4 ns Vacuum Compatible yes Operating temperature -20°C to +50°C - 18 - JAERI-Research 97-060 LOST PHOTON \ TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION 35.7 deg SCINTILLATING CORE PARTICLE OPTICAL CLADDING Figure 2.4. Structure of BCF-10 2.2.2 :^ Hamamatsu R2490-05 R2490-05 Table R2490-05 \i 52mm<£ x 68mm -7 500 h 5000 -K (avalanche photodiode, J^T APD z 1 h J K t ^ R2490-05 Ltz -19- JAERI-Research 97-060 Table 2.2. Main Characteristics of R2490-05. Spectral Response 300 to 600 nm Wavelength of Maximum Response 420 ± 50 nm Photocathode Material Bialkali Minimum Effective Area 36 mnuf) Window Material Borosilicate glass Shape Plano-plano Dynode Secondary Emitting Surface Bialkali Structure Proximity mesh Number of Stages 16 Max. Supply Voltage (Between Anode and Cathode) 2700 V Ambient Temperature -80°C to +50°C Current Amplification At 0 tesla 5.0 x 106 At 1 tesla 2.0 x 105 Anode Pulse Rise Time 2.1 ns 101 f '^•r.?*^ 45 deg 10L cd 30 deg O J2 S/ photocathode ,-2 10 -fine mesh dynode \|/B 10'30 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 External Magnetic Field [Tesla] Figure 2.5. Current Amplification of R2490-05 in Magnetic Field. -20- JAERI-Research 97-060 2.2.3 x.fc$£\ DT zn L 100kHz , Figure 2. (Darlington-pair bipolar transistor) fcffl LT£5 •?, ^< mA i"Cnrtl"Cab4o SSSEESiSt LTfi Ortec Model 556 (Output Range < 3000 V, Output Load Capacity < 10 mA, Output Ripple < 10 mV) 9 *\± Figure 2.3lZjjkLtz X 7 KJb Uck ») Sci-Fi Kit, (SHV M) $**> h . DD11 DD22 0D33 DD44 0055 0D66 DD77 DD88 DD99 D1D10 D11 012 D13 D14 015 D16 C "~^* V/ V^ \ / K I \ t \ J V/ V' C5 V/ V J W Ml-> Hl-fr HI-> Ml^ Figure 2.6. Active PMT Base Electronics designed by EG&G. - 21 JAERI-Research 97-060 2.3 2.3.1 JUffi DT (FNS) \zx t-r, > Figure 2.8 250 (170-440 mV) \Zfr DT tc J: 7 J^- t), sci-Fi 1 ^^t - v 3 t C 0y 125, 250, 300 mV & I L/:O Z -22- JAERI-Research 97-060 DT 40-50 , DT 7 r Figure 2.7. Photo of the Sci-Fi detector at FNS. -23- JAERI-Research 97-060 Pulse Height [mV] 200 400 600 800 1000 10 i r 125 mV 10 250 mV c 300 mV 3 -1 •S 10 ill Odeg. tn 30 deg. c -2 3 60 deg. O 10 O -3 90 deg. 10 .-4 10 500 1000 1500 2000 Channel Figure 2.8. Pulse height spectra of the Sci-Fi detector for the different incident angles of the DT neutrons. 1.2 i r I 0.6 o o 40~50deg. HWHM > 0.4 0.2 250 mV 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Incident angle [deg.] Figure 2.9. Angular response of the Sci-Fi detector using the different discrim- inator thresholds of 50, 125, 250 and 300 mV. - 24 - JAERI-Research 97-060 2.3.2 Ion Beam Facility (LANL) JT-60U \Z Sci-Fi *fctbSI&i5i11Lfc*£\ Sci-Fi^mtf(i DT DD •m^, 3ffi£\<*r.&ymoU&i-zffi&& O^ttil^y$§lK*t1-& Sci-Fi (LANL) ^ i: < »jt% t «*»tttS:a"C4i:fc y n (^ ^ -e- 7.5Mev m , 3 m otemt^ms^tftiiL^o lot, 220ns Figure 2.11(a) H 14MeV ^tt^K 2.5MeV i+'tti1, y &\Zj$ L%hfltz Sci-Fi z, Sci-Fi|feaiSO-b>t^7 K ? h ^^PJ^L/JO Figure 2.11 (b) 7?y>fV-^ (2inch<^) x 3inchL) 2.1 -e|j£§gLfc&i? •?**< Sci-Fi tfeffiH(COV»T[i, HMeV^tt^, 2.5MeV -25- JAERI-Research 97-060 Sci-Fi Figure 2.11 Sci-Fi )'otz( , Sci-Fi ot, 2.2.1 fz X 1 \Z , UMeV , 2.5M6V41 iti* L T v 0) (D 14 MeV neutrons I CD 1 §10 o mi innII 100 200 300 400 500 Channel Figure 2.10. Pulse height spectra of the bulk plastic scintillator for DD/DT neu- trons and gammas, provided by G.A.Wurden (LANL) and G.Morgan (LANL). -26- JAERI-Research 97-060 (a) CO 10' CD 13 Q_ 14 MeV neutrons 1 i10 o 100 200 300 400 500 Channel (b) 14 MeV neutrons 100 200 300 400 500 Channel Figure 2.11. Pulse height spectra of the Sci-Fi detector with (a) and without (b) the aluminum matrix for DD/DT neutrons and gammas, provided by G.A.Wurden (LANL) and G.Morgan (LANL). - 27 - JAERI-Research 97-060 2.3.3 Princeton Source Range(PPPL) 2.3.1 HT Sci-Fi - t 19, JT-60U Ct DT r Sci-Fi JT-60U 3 'J ^-^^-y ^Xii Figure 2.12 n (I, 61 X 61 X 40 cm AlOii: Sci-Fi |ta x 22cmL) ( 200 kg o Sci-Fi X n\z Sci-Fi 10 Figure 2.12. Photo of the Sci-Fi detector in the borated polyethylene collimator box. - 28 - JAERI-Research 97-060 (PPPL) n/s ODT 4"l4T£f§£t*o Figure 2.13 T -Y^-Ott^lRjH** LT 0 ° frb 30 ° ^T* Figure 2.9 ^^i^^glj^^^ 250, 300 JS^dli, fi>#fi Figure 2.8 3 0, 40 frb 110 f--v>^;vn Figure 2.14 HJi, Figure 2.13 , 30, 50, 70, 90J£JLL£ 70 *-* >^;uffi») T^fni-^.o 4i3il5£^*l-{i DT o itLf>O7J8lfi Figure 2.11(a) ^f>. Figure 2.13 so f-* >^;v) t;j^#-f -6 -29- JAERI-Research 97-060 10' • 250 mV 300 mV u> si 1 \ — 0 deg. V v- • 10' Pk ^10 deg. 20 deg V. i +•*——•— S 30 deg o 10 11 llillllil lliiilliililiii 50 100 150 200 250 Channel Figure 2.13. Pulse height spectra of the Sci-Fi detector in the borated polyethy- lene collimator box for different incident DT neutron angles, pro- vided by G.A.Wurden (LANL) and A.L.Roquemore (PPPL). 10 15 20 25 30 Incident angle [cleg.] Figure 2.14. Angular response of the Sci-Fi detector in the borated polyethy- lene collimator box for the different threshold channels, provided by G.A.Wurden (LANL) and A.L.Roquemore (PPPL). -30- JAERI-Research 97-060 2.4 Figure 2.16(a) IZTF Ltz X 7 \Z Sci-Fi t£ftfy£ JT-60U (D^MMfe < V3 >K±T2 -3-^-7 2tWJffl<0 2.3.3 2 & 12 H ^ Figure 2.16(b) tC^-tEg^^K^^M^ ^^o P9 -b ^ v a > \Z 3 -3-- ^•y M:ii Sci-Fi &ffl2*:d*-&T^Wfck:ftt:v>£o i^BBtt^F^iSlt* P9 -t^ v 3 y Sci-Fi ^tfi§f<7)-r-?#ig<7)$E^£ Figure 2.17 (I^-to Sci-Fi ^l*imSg$ti^m^v-^Kn-y *~ [69] |*JO NIM (Phillips Scientific Model 708, 300MHz Discriminator) CAM AC ^ U- h C#A^ ti/cX >r- *7 (Lecroy 8590 scalar) K X Jj ft|5c$ tL* o ft C^^'J^ya-^ (Lecroy 8201/16 memory module) H^x.f>tL, v!i- Tv BUAO(Undefined port Adapter for Optical Byte serial highway) MI-Si-K^&Stl, ^6vUr;WN>f->i>f (5 MByte/sec max.) =S:JJSS L T > v - ;i/ K 7V - A <7) V -Y ? n n > tl J. - 9 •=& V A - ^ ACM-A( Auxiliary Controller with Microcomputer type A), MXf\Zi/ay h Hfelt^vXfA ISP(Inter Shot Processor) KtfctkZtl&o ISP JiJPX, IFfffi^ iS^^^f-^M-a^ft^o/j^, 7 n>fi>F fWIS FEP(Front End Processor) K|£& L, -?" - Tf - ^ ^ - £o J14> ISP, FEP fc t^^:M^Lfflft^1iFACOM-M780/lOS^$ffl FEP Hov^Tli97^4^ ct >9 IBMSP2(4 7-K, JS^fffl) t Sun S-4/1000E(4CPU, DBffl) {C^f)#^&^^-C*&o J^±<75CAMAC^VJL-^CO^f^f^(i±H ACM- -31- JAERI-Research 97-060 A ttz Sci-Fi ~^{± DAISY[70] Sci-Fi 9 t t i> H#.HB-f Figure 2.15. Photo of the Sci-Fi detector system on JT-60U. 32 - JAERI-Research 97-060 (a) Toroidal Field 2.00 r 1.00 " Sci-Fi detector Collimator N 0.00 On-axis -1.00 - Off-axis 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 Sci-Fi detector Toroidal Field 2.00 r 1.00 " P8 section N CH1 0.00 -1.00 - 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 Figure 2.16. Poloidal cross sectional view of the Sci-Fi detector system on JT- 60U. -33- JAERI-Research 97-060 NIM Bin n High Pass Filter Discriminator HV Supply (Phillips 708) (Ortec 556) Sci-Fi detector CAMAC Crate Scalar Memory (Lecroy 8590) (Lecroy 8201) BUAO Optical Serial Highway Hontai-Room Shield Room CAMAC Crate -i ISP FEP BUAO ACM-A (FACOM M-780) (FACOM M-780) Figure 2.17. Basic data flow diagram of Sci-Fi detector signal Sci-Fi 2.4.2 z Sci-Fi CJ: hM^ 1. 2. 34- JAERI-Research 97-060 2.4.1 (in-situ) b 28cm (3.7MBq, 4.4xlO5 n/s) K* 7 Sci-Fi Figure 2. gaussian 7 T 2.1 MeV <7) Maxwell I? N 7 T ^/^- )V 300mV 7 ^ > K ± 5.5 ^ 1 m (/>/a ^ 0.3) Sci-Fi (2.9) a * a P , Rp=3.35m> ap =0.85 m, Zp=0.1m, /c =1.5 70 m =2,3,4 K Table 2.3 {C^1"o £j3ff£tNi Shafranov Shift ; H -35- JAERI-Research 97-060 f(x)=aexp(-(x/s)A2) a=0.83 s=5.3 5.5 deg.HWHM CD 0.4 3 0.2 0.0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Incident angle [deg.] Figure 2.18. Angular response curve of the Sci-Fi detector system using 252Cf neutron source. Table 2.3. DD neutron fraction inside each Sci-Fis' field of view for a typical ohmic plasma Sci-Fi detector channel DD neutron fraction [%] m 2 3 4 Figure 2.16(a) ON-axis 63.6 69.7 74.4 OFF-axis 35.7 33.9 32.2 Figure 2.16(b) CH 1 64.5 71.0 76.0 CH2 57.4 60.9 63.4 CH3 40.9 39.8 38.7 CH4 26.4 23.5 21.1 -36- JAERI-Research 97-060 ttz, sd-Fi (R~8m) I*±K z^ifii^^n 2.2.2 T&^fc J: ^W R2490-05 it Figure.2.5 K^LtzX 1 Sci-Fitfil]i& 22 Na 7 B.M (E7= 1.274 MeV) *J5 ^^;V h ;V£ Figure 2.19 IP < 1.5 MA (Bext < 135 gauss) Ip 10' 22Na Ey= 1.274 MeV Before Shot 10' lp=1.5MA lp=0.5MA 10 0 100 150 200 250 Channel Figure 2.19. Response spectra of Nal scintillator with the R2490-05 PMT for 22Na 7 source in the external magnetic field. -37- JAERI-Research 97-060 2.4.2 p Figure 2.16(a) 121 msec tM LT jo 0 , ^^'tt^- (DD+DT) U^ LT^Jg (2.4.3 ^, 250, , NBI JPlfei|«- •>3>fx>M-J: 19 i^, 125 mV ICO^t (i 50 mV Figure 2.21 H(i% US Ti H ^E- K"/ 3 (v ay h#^ E021452, Bt ~ 4 T, Ip ~ 2 MA, Vp ~ 68 m ) (D^ t tz Figure 2.22 tCfi 96^^fC^jffi DT ^16^^^^^-^^$ QDT ~ 1.05 =grfB ^L, i^7X-7^#^ ^ 'J 7 L^ti^vTtS (y a-; h#-^E027969, Bt ~ 3 4T, Ip ~ 2.2 MA, Vp ~ 68 m ) \ZX%btltz®M*7F.-fo ZM Figure 2.20 &t W\W-7.35 tyX-f yX-?tf collapse t&iX\ 50 mV 250 mV J^ , Figure 2.11 DT 300 mV **DT , Figure 2.20 "C NB r DD lMeV h DT (Figure 3.15 #M) ^f>t?* •?, NB 300 mV (Table 3.1 #M), ^t^H DD, DT Rj£ -38- JAERI-Research 97-060 E021137 E -g 8.0x105 ifCM) £, 4.0x105 4.0x104 25 0 0.0 4 [s/u ] 4.0x10 2.0x104 30 0 m V 0.0 7 8 Time [sec] Figure 2.20. Time evolution of the neutral beam heating power PNBI the total neutron emission rate Sn and the Sci-Fi detector outputs at the discriminator settings of 50, 125, 250 and 300 mV in a high /?p H- mode discharge. -39 JAERI-Research 97-060 E021452 30 CO¥ 20 Q. 10 0 8e+15 c CO I 4e+15 4e+06 2e+06 - > _ 8000 " of w 4000 0 6000 4000 " if 2000 " 9 10 11 12 13 Time [sec] Figure 2.21. Time evolution of the neutral beam heating power PNB, the total neutron emission rate Sn and the Sci-Fi detector outputs at the discriminator settings of 50, 250 and 300 mV in a high T; H-mode discharge. -40- JAERI-Research 97-060 E027969 collapse 20 5 6 Time [sec] Figure 2.22. Time evolution of the neutral beam heating power PNB5 the total neutron emission rate Sn and the Sci-Fi detector outputs at the discriminator settings of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 and 350 mV in a reversed shear discharge. -41- JAERI-Research 97-060 2.4.3 2.4.1 X Fig- ure 2.16(a) 28Si (28Si(n, p)28Al, Eth = 4.0MeV) 27 27 27 A1 ( Al(n, p) Mg, Eth = 3.8MeV) 63 63 62 Cu ( Cu(n,2n) Cu, Eth = 11.9MeV) J 1 o 10 CO & c o 10' 3 o 10 r o CO B 100 r o 10 o CO DT neutron yield from Activ. Foils [n/shot] Figure 2.23. Shot-integrated counts of the Sci-Fi detector versus the DT neutron emission yield measured with the neutron activation technique. -42- JAERI-Research 97-060 Figure 2.20^ L£v3 <£> 300mV 300 Figure 2.24 iZyfito NBI 1 #T* Sn<7)M«<7)0#7E$l{i;*:§ < ay C, Figure 2. -K MCNP[72] DD m, DT 7 ov 235u y y 3 Figure 2.26Hli l ain-K ANISN[73] -eft^t^235U 7 -f7 y 3 [42] 235U 7f7->3 ^fx'/A- HJi 5cm I?<7)*0 'J ^ft, 5eV^P> 14 MeV iX^(D]u^M^>^-^^^~ Y t£]&&i1r ZZhWmho Figure 2.25, Figure 2.26 , 235U , Figure 2. E021137 17 17 10 10 ,16 10 10 Total neutrons \ T=121 ms .15 15 10 10 .14 .14 c 10 10 CO T =435 ms .13 101 10 .12 10 10.12 11 11 10 ,10 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Time [sec] Figure 2.24. Comparison between Sn and the calibrated DT neutron yield in a high /3P H-mode discharge. -43- JAERI-Research 97-060 -1012345678 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Energy [eV] Figure 2.25. Neutron flux energy spectra expected at detector position for DD, DT and 252Cf neutron source calculated with MCNP. 0.001 -1012345678 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Energy [eV] Figure 2.26. Response curve of JT-60U's neutron detector, 235U fission chamber covered with 5 cm Polyethylene, calculated with ANISN. - 44 - JAERI-Research 97-060 , Figure 2.20K7FLfcv 3? b^KIJMfLT, ON-axis , 200 msec Figure 2.24 o 8.4~~9.0sec (DWL%*^? V Mt Figure 2.11(a) 250 mV Ji 65ch IIL 2.3.1 X7ji L/:J;^: end effect (C X *) 300mV T t DD ^14^ t y h o %U Figure 2.27H t lOOch JE D H^T end effect h L § x- ^ § ^T, 250mV fc : 235U 7fr> (2.10) W 300mV & S3Oo^ 300mV CO DD = S300 ^DDSDD + SQT + £yS-y (2-11) 0 S7(i(SDD + SDT) Kim&Wt&t^Z-bti&OX, S7 = C (SDD + SDT) (2.12) 300 eppSpp + SDT + £7C (Spp + SDT) , . Sn SDD + &o Ssoo/SnlieDD-e-y^OCDBf Figure 2.20C^L/i v 37 h Cov»t S3oo/Sn^B#^^k^ Figure 2. -45- JAERI-Research 97-060 , 4.6-5.6sec) \t WM < X (-30MW, 5.6~7.5sec) K$Jl9# NBI >ffl (7.5~8.3sec) K\t2 h K > 8.3sec ^ tr-^Al 15, -ft/h-fili: LT 5 x io-4gJt?)ffifc i: > tf-A Al DD 300 + SDT + £7C (Spp + (2.15) 4 eDD+e7C~5 x 10" (2.16) SDD ~ 100 x SDT fc 250mV i: (2.17) , DT Figure 2. , 250mV U h > -46- JAERI-Research 97-060 E021137 250 mV 300 mV 8.4-9.0 sec (DT neutron dominant) 4.8-5.4 sec (DD neutron dominant) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Channel Figure 2.27. Pulse height spectra of the Sci-Fi detector outputs obtained for two different phases in a high /3P H-mode discharge. E021137 Pre-NB Main NB injected injected c CO 0.01 CO 0.001 0.0001 6 7 8 9 10 11 Time [sec] Figure 2.28. Time evolution of the S3Oo/Sn ratio in a high (3P H-mode discharge. - 47 JAERI-Research 97-060 2.4.4 ON/OFF J:b<7)$uE Figure 2.21K7F Lfc v 3? h K&W& ON-axis t OFF-axis > h~?& 50 mV "C OFF-axis <7) W ON-axis X >9 ON/OFF < 2 , Wx.\2, 7 7 ^^- tT±T2a-7bW Sci-Fi L Figure 2. (v 3 7 3 E022133, Bt ~ 4 T, Ip ~ 3.5 MA, Vp ~ 96 m ) z Sci-Fi 50 mV tc DT Fig.2 O LTlif l , IP = l.l DT -48- JAERI-Research 97-060 Figure 2.29i >J ON/OFF fc *><*)& Figure 2.32^^ to &£i#g|] l"*^ 50mV LT DD ^ttW±^7x-X (9.3 sec it) li e = 1.1 fc , DT ON/OFF JtO^K^fk«: Figure 2.32 4>tt , ON/OFF Jfc{iH(3M£T* •), lMeV h D h ' o -^, DT , ON/OFF J^, DT 300 mV K \ 50 mV t HU 10.2 sec JiJ , DT i5tt-& 50mV 8 sec -B. ON/OFF DT r -f E021452 1 6.0 1 1 1 I 6.0 - - 5.0 r\ n |U ON-axis __™— 5.0 IF Mk K OFF-axis &4.0 I n A f\ (O 1 _,-\ S Disc.Level 50mV 300mV 4.0 o •0 o - - o — 3.0 / P 3.0 I 2.0 - 2.0 in 1/ f 30 0 m\ 1.0 1.0 0.0 .0 / 8.0 9.0 IV10.0 . 11.0 12.0 —'o.o Time [sec] 13.0 Figure 2.29. Time evolution of the ON-axis and OFF-axis Sci-Fi detector outputs with the thresholds of 50 and 300 mV in a high T; H-mode discharge. -49- JAERI-Research 97-060 E021452/8.200 sec OFF-axis ON-axis 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 R[m] Figure 2.30. Plasma configuration of a high T; H-mode discharge with the sight- lines of the Sci-Fi detectors. E022133/8.000 sec 2.00 ON-axis OFF-axis 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 R[m] Figure 2.31. Plasma configuration used for the calibration of the ON/OFF rela- tive sensitivity with the sightlines of the Sci-Fi detectors. -50- JAERI-Research 97-060 E021452 2.5 1 1 1 1 2.0 —- 300mV(DT)(e = 0.8 ). — 50mV(DD+DT+ 7) o L 2? (e = 1.1 , e = 1 0)| -, r J" O 1.5 r 1 I "FT*" n [ fit" B | j n,ri[rJwW I I ft U "1U ] in - 1.0 LJ [.-i—i u lo 1 ~ l_J O 1 I ^ J 1 1 1 i 05 7 o 8.0 9.0 10 0 11.0 12.0 13 Time [sec] Figure 2.32. Time evolution of the calibrated ON/OFF ratios for the thresholds of 50 and 300 mV in a high Tj H-mode discharge. 2.5 £ JiU:, JT-60U fcfc JT-60U 40-50 "JgJt Si ^flMtmt? (SBD) ^ NE213 (10ms), atgiJ LT i fca**! ! Sci-Fi Hi ^ - 51 JAERI-Research 97-060 .hUh >«5&JB#f H - K TBURN BMffltir~y TBURN 2.4.2 -e^S^L^ Sci-Fi$tmt^T#£>ft£ DT *&^£ jSfo 3.2 i:t)»fa-K TBURN 3.3 ICfJifflfilB 3.1 < o ^^fitlMii-tr^l/ (classical slowing down model) "C #x., I^^°7 P< - ^ (impact parameter) **f ^^ >f ^ (Debye length) JJJL [74] 3 2 3 •dEf _ 10- Zf e i\ 1T~~ m; \ \ mf - (keV) fciiJt (m/s) 3 ne (imT"^Jt(m- ), m, Z lif£i^)«t: (kg), ttzy, -52- JAERI-Research 97-060 At [75] In Aie = 25.2 - In 3 (3-3) Te x 10 3 In Au = In Aie + 9.03 - 0.51n(Te x 10 ) (3.4) HU (single particle approximation) 4mfr Ef (3.5) 10mP [76] o 3 2 3 3/2' dEf 10- Z e ne In Aie 4 /meEj-N 1 2 (3-6) "dT 47re0vf + me 37T / -0Ef (3.7) 1IU 2 18 1 2 2 i n; In A;i a = 5.72xl0" Af / Zf ^ i& L A ^ (electron drag term, (dE/dt)eU/K (ion-drag term, (dE/dt)ion) -53- JAERI-Research 97-060 o ft&Jtyh Ltf 'J h >^ (dE/dt)eie, (dE/dt)ion<7> £#>&#.!£•£• Figure 3.1 H 19 Tli, ne = 4.5x 10 m~\ Te = 8 keV, Zeff = 4 S*L£#tfl 4 *>£>*) £^L£o £ fc Figure 3.2 Kli^C lMeV h U b X^Mii^i1^ ST-^K&ff L£ >f #JZWff L£-i-*;l^-/(dE/dt)iondt i:*t-^1-o Figure 3.U Figure 3.2 (3.8) - (critical energy) _ yEf dEf _ r E E 3/2-1 s In f rth = ~7o dEf/dt ~ L5 (thermalization time) T.H.Stix[76] •- = 9.90 x 2 (3.10) Zf n elnAie (energy decay time) 3/2 E rs = 2rs = 1.98 x (3.11) Zf ne In A;e X^-z. h fl Spitzer (Spitzer slowing down time) [77] t Ify\£tl2> o Mi: 20 ^ [14] -54- JAERI-Research 97-060 T S R (3.12) 3 3 for vf < vf)0 47T Vf + Vc Stix [76] fcRWu «&B#KTSJ: f(vf) (H^)Fokker-Planck di 113., o.. s TR V (* + ?)f 1 1 d (1 me 2992 1 nij , ,1 9f — J iv v -) LVV I — 2 r8 v ov 12 nif 2v nif J OT df e (3.13) — tQf 3 (3.13) Fokker-Planck J.D.Gaffey [78] Table 3.1 K, ft - n [74] K -55- JAERI-Research 97-060 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Energy of Triton [keV] Figure 3.1. Energy loss rate of triton as a function of energy. -56- JAERI-Research 97-060 1000 rth(1.164sec) 800 Ef: Energy of triton J (dE/dt)eie dt CD 600 400 200 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Time [sec] Figure 3.2. Time traces showing slowing down of 1 MeV triton and energy trans- fer into the bulk electron and ion. E fast ion origin Ecr [keV] rs [sec] rth [sec] 3.5 MeV a NR 345 0.271 0.633 1.0 MeV t NR.RF 259 0.812 1.164 3.0 MeV p NR,RF 86.3 0.271 0.962 0.8 MeV 3He NR 259 0.203 0.252 200 keV 3He RF 259 0.203 0.070 200 keV d NB,RF 173 0.541 0.292 100 keV d NB,RF 173 0.541 0.132 NR: Nuclear Reaction, RF: Radio Frequency, NB: Neutral Beam Table 3.1. Typical parameters related to fast ion's slowing down. 57- JAERI-Research 97-060 3.2 Sci-Fi z DT n-K TBURN TBURN b 'J b > U b 'J b > 3.2.1 TBURN 3.2.2 "Hi TBURN /J 3.2.3 3.2.1 i TBURN Ji±HMKPRFL, TBIRTH^ CESLOW, DIFFUS, TRIBRN DD h Z MKPRFL ov^Tli 3.2.3 H ^CH TBIRTH DD lMeV b 'J h > (1.2#B8)O m"3) ? t nlJ(i = 1, • • •, 51) CESLOWIih n= l,...,j- >o b y b y : DIFFUS (2 b V b > CESLOW tmU, -58- JAERI-Research 97-060 -f r K v^ ' ^ TRIBRN T^i ni'n n| 3.2.3 i i: X DT 7 r A ] K&VZ DT tl TBURN Xlt h (3.14) -59- JAERI-Research 97-060 t t, [79]) Km h &> OFMC rj-KH 3.2.2 1. -^, 2. 7° E-fk^ 3. DD "7 r (4.1 (RP,ZP) ^/ ,^ (R,Z) li JT-60U y a Shafranov -> -\f [90] (separatrix) 4 iTt *Hf Figure 3.3 K Figure 2.21 JC^ L/:v 3 v h (E021452) CO 8. FBI rJ - K Oai^*^1"o Vp, Bt, Rp, Zp, apS, ap, nit Figure 3.3 VOLUM, BT332(R=332cmK*3lt£iit); RP. ZP, A, AP, ELPAV -60- JAERI-Research 97-060 2. TBURN -9K SELENE n-K [90] io SELENE n-K"C»i FBI n-KCJ: K Grad-Shafranov ^ SELENE 3- «r Figure ~ 9 fc&TK^t (ECE) h CH2(Fugure 3.5 #flg) fc^fcf- 1^—f 2msec ^o TMS K ^ SLICE 3-K kf > Figure 3.6 H 5 tz SLICE 3-Kli7 F(p) = (F(0) - - p2)m (3.15) F(p) = (F(0) - - p2)m - P) - P2) (3.16) -61 - JAERI-Research 97-060 S/N > (20 fi s) ELM ? ECE H non-thermal # V ? n Figure 3.7 \Z 7 - V ^ «t ^> Te^ SLICE n - K TMS , 7°n 7 7 ^^^: TMS {I J: •? Te^uy 7 4 )l> HliCH3OH V— , VXfc FIR [98, 99] tUM. CO2 l^- 10.6 /an t 9.27 /an, JSLT CO2 [100] CO2li Figure 3.5C , 7'J > "C 7 % o *<, SLICE n-K (3.15) &£ (3.16) ^O 2 Figure 3.8 \Z FIR p z ne7 n 7 r -62- JAERI-Research 97-060 Figure 3.9 Figure 3.8fclTO30|K*3lt* TMS Wf- * £K& (3.15) ^ >7Ltz Figure 3.9 ti Figure 3.8 t fr% •) & < -|fcLT£ •} Zeff7°n 7 T 4Ml SLICE 3- K £ffiV> (Bremsstrahlung, BREMS 2 ne exp(-12400.Q/ATe) 7 T / [7 ,c ,- in-2i AA (3.17) ^eff = lbrem/ '-58 X 10 —A - g(lej -== L Vie o {& L> Ibrem{i BREMS 5M^ g(Te) \t gaunt factor, P A= 5232.6 A, AA=10.0A> T.{ieV"C**o t^Li ^ tt^fe fcflfc Zeff7 D 7 7 -f )V LXli BREMS ^- ELM 4 f £ t Q ttz SLICE a - -f > c [103] i a). , b). l MeV 2.3.1 0.2 JT-60U [ioi, 102] -63- JAERI-Research 97-060 ttzY V h > TBURN BCO it^ B-V (48.6 A), C-VI(33.7 A) > O-VIII(19.0 (3.18) mp CXRS fcB&-t) [104] L 6 jffi^^:^ <{*> C6+ fc Do _, C5+* + D+ ^; (V^^ 529.05nm) -fC7)Doppleri|i§^^ Ti Figure 3.10 iZ CXRS CJ: SLICE (3.15) t£ o r, m.% \t, CXRS NBI Jp^^i 3. (7) l MeV ft DT S), 2. , 3. tr-Adc^isi±^RfD( Cli-Cli TOPICS 3-K [92] DD 7 7 TBURN (DXtit Ufflt^o TOPICS -64- JAERI-Research 97-060 if-^ 2. -*, 3. 1., 2. Hov>Tli TBURN ^ TOPICS liNBI<7)>f*>'ftfc LT (3.20) m = nth + nb DD tf'ftT51^7°n7 r A)V*nn-f ho TOPICS Tft#t^ nth, Figure 3.11 K, ±E<7) 3 fliI<7)R£«H J: I? DD Figure 3.12 TBURN £2. fc 3. 7°) Figure 3.13 , mmr-* ktx FIR iz tiDAISY[70] X -7 -65- JAERI-Research 97-060 PBTOT 3 EBAVE • 0 REV PBTCO Dl KM 00 MM CMC! CMX 0 0 MM CMX 0OPK1IS D0PK3/• 0OPK3/• D0PK3/• DL 0 ) SS CK CMX1O 3 CK SLFJI 1 3 13 CK SLUO Dl CK it CM 3 3 93 CM • 3 SI CM DLIII n * I CM BTSfl 1 CM SZ/T1 DL33I HI 4 CM DO CM 1 K • L2 0 7 DII 0.0 0 M Figure 3.3. FBI output showing the separatrix for a high T; H-mode discharge. E02HS2 / 8.000/91-07-22 20:12/J3531 / VER.LM=94 - 06-09 10:00 EQSLG DRAW. 97-01-07 17:52 J9513 ICP - 4 2 CRCM 0.00 00 qp(l) 0.72 60 CRCM1 7.0531 CPI2I -2.6099 CNCL1 94.1059 CPI3I 3.78B9 CNX1I 4.7098 CNXIO 5.6975 I p 1 . 9961 SLP11 0.0395 RAXIS 3 . 4540 SLP1O 0.0467 ZAXIS 0.1678 CRCH2 7.0244 SAXIS -0.9991 CNCL2 8 9.4585 RKAJ 3 3642 CNX21 3.3049 A 0.8160 CHX2O 4.3810 APAVE 1.0157 SLP2I 0.0435 ELIPAV 1.6421 SLP2O 0.04 83 TRIGAV 0.1179 CRCM3 7.0173 VOLUM 68.2175 CNCL3 87.8847 AREA 3.2411 CNX3 I 2.3149 WSTORE 4 2334 CNX3O 3.662 7 BETAP 0.7568 SLP3 I 0.0464 BETA 0.6651 SLP3O 0.0517 BT'R 13.3020 0AXIS 1.0000 LAHBD 1.2401 QSURP 5.3 979 BPLO 1.2395 0»S* 3.6071 LP 7.6417 N-AXI 0.0000 H-EFF 0.0000 DELX 0.1943 HS-H 0.00 00 RSPI 2.9224 RSEP 3.1294 RSP1 I 2.8983 ZSEP -1.3254 RSP2I 2.8768 VAC1 -51.178 RSP0 3-2346 VAC2 22.0970 RSPIO 3.2656 VAC4 5 B . 73 80 RSP3O 3.3241 VAC5 18.4088 .3642 VA.C6 2.4714 .8160 VAC7 0.0000 ELIP- .642 1 VAC 8 0.00 00 "v"v° " TRIGTRIG*- 0.117.11799 Figure 3.4. SELENE output showing the magnetic surface for a high T; H-mode discharge. 66- JAERI-Research 97-060 Window (b) R Cm] Figure 3.5. The laser beam lines in the JT-60U vacuum vessel, (a) top view and (b) cross sectional view for a large plasma configuration and (c) cross sectional view for a high /3P plasma configuration. -67- JAERI-Research 97-060 • NOW NAP DATA { 24 / 48 I • DATE : 97-01-07 22:09 PIO : S >SLICE(E021452 T = 8.0000) >> PROF : -- FRON DIAG. DATABASE -- EQUIL: J3051.SEO.E0210(E021452A) ROTYP: RNAJ(CONST) EQTIH: 8.000 CRKIN,PNORK* 1.014 , 1.000E»OO FIT. FUNC NO. 1 1 : 7 .308E»00 / 7.308E • 00 2 : 1 OOOE.00 / 1.OOOE + 00 3 : 2 .0O0E<00 / 2.00OB»OO i : 1 .9B3E»00 / 1.983E • 00 5 : 0 .0O0E+00 / 0. 00 OE • 00 6 : 0 0O0E»00 / 0.OOOE • 00 PROFILE DATA 5UM-F - 2.129E»02 < F > - 3.120E»00 F(01 = 7.308E»00 F0/ Figure 3.6. SLICE output for Te-profile measured by TMS for a high i H-mode discharge. 10 / 24 ) DATE : 97-01-07 22:12 FIO : 6 >>SLICE(E021452 T- 8.0000} >3 PROF : -- FRON DIAG. DATABASE -- EQUIL: J3051.$EQ.E0210(E021452AJ ROTYP: RNAJ(CONST) EQTIM: 8.000 E0214 52 TINE' 8.000 CRNIN.FHORN- 1.014, 1 . OOOE• 00 FIT FUNC NO. 1 1 6 . 742E 00 / 6 742E. 00 2 1 . OOOE 0 0 / 1 .0 00E*00 3 2.OOOE 0 0 / 2 .000E» 00 4 1 382E 00 / 1 . 3B2E. 00 5 0 . 0008 00 / 0 .O0OE« 00 6 0.OOOE 00 / 0 .OOOE. 00 PROFILE DATA 5UM-F = i . 33OE.02 < F > = . 41SE«00 FIO] - . 742E*00 '0/ Figure 3.7. SLICE output for Te-profile measured by ECE for a high Ts H-mode discharge. -68- JAERI-Research 97-060 >>St.ICE{E021452 T* 8.0000) >> DATE 97-01-07 22:28 PIC EQUIL: J3051.$EQ.E0210{E021452A) ROTYP: RMAJ(CONST) EQTIM: 8.000 E021452 TIME- 8.000 CRHIN.FNORHx 1.014, 1.Q0QB+00 V 00 PIT.FONC NO . 11 (1-R"R) "XHtEDGE LOOP » S •1 0 ' * EDGE : 2.000E+1B XH : 0.3125 USE CU1 : 2 .016E.19 4 .00 - USE CU2 : 4 .919E.19 USE 3 : - 9 .9 99E + 00 PROFILE DATA - 3 .00 - o SUM-F » 1 . 269E• 21 o < P > * 1 . 860E• 19 o F(0) - 2 .416E • 19 F0/ 00 NELAV > 2 . 046E*19 HE INTEGRAL /1.0E2!0 HEL RPOS PATH NEL DIAQ AXS 3.45 2. 48 0 . 50B 0 . 000 HAJ 3.36 2. 54 0.517 0 .0 00 1 .00 - Ul 2.68 1 .39 0 . 193 0 .202 C U2 3.55 2. 40 0.492 0 492 C T 0.00 5. 60 1.268 0 .000 n ft n 1 Figure 3.8. SLICE output for ne-profile reconstructed with FIR for a high H-mode discharge. • NOW MAP DATA ( 2 6 / 48 ) DATE : 97-01-07 22:24 PIG : 12 >SLICE(E021452 T» B.0000) >a PROF : -- PROH DIAG. DATABASE -- EQUIL: J3051.SEQ.E0210(E021452A) ROTYP: RMAJ(CONST) EQTIM: 8.000 E02 14 52 TIME* 8.000 CRMIN,FNORM= 1.014. 1.462E+00 FNORM > NELU2 / SNEL FIT PUNC NO. 1 1 . 695E.19 / 2.477E»19 1 .284E>1B / 1.877E 18 2.O00E»0O / 2.0O0E 00 3.725E-01 / 3.725E-01 5 0.000E+OO / 0.000E 00 6 O.OOOE+00 / 0 . 000E 00 -3.00 - PROFILE DATA 3UM-P » 1.250E • 21 e F > • 1.833E• 19 F(0) - 2.477E«19 '0/ RO (H) Figure 3.9. SLICE output for ne-profile measured by TMS for a high T; H-mode discharge. -69- JAERI-Research 97-060 > / 17 I • DATE : 97-01-07 14:44 FIG : 2 >>SLICE(E021452 T= S . 0000) >>/PIT 1, . 4 PROF : -- FROM DIAG. DATABASE -- <5SIliE E021452 TIME: CRNIN,FNORM= 1.014. 1.000E.OO FIT.FUNC NO. 1 1: 2.232E»01 2.232E«01 2 : 4. 00 OE*0 0 4.OOOE+00 3: 2.000E»00 2.OOOE'OO 4 6.658E.00 6.658E.0O 5: 0. 00 0E*0O 0.OOOE'OO 6: 0. 0O0E* 0 0 O.OOOE+00 SUH-F - 4.373E»02 < F > = 6.410E+00 F(0) = 2.232E»01 FO/ « 3 4B1E»OO Figure 3.10. SLICE output for TVproflle measured by CXRS for a high T; H- mode discharge. -70- JAERI-Research 97-060 E021452 8.0 sec 1.4 1 — - CO 1.2 "E 1.0 \nth n 0.8 ^ \ b 0.6 densi t 0.4 Io n 0.2 - 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Normalized minor radius Figure 3.11. Ion density profile calculated by TOPICS for a high Tj H-mode discharge. E021452 8.0 sec Vw 40 CO 'E • ^v Total - "r^ 3.0 Beam-thermal - Thermal-thermal Beam-beam > 2.0 .8 "3 o z 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Normalized minor radius Figure 3.12. Neutron emissivity profile calculated by TOPICS for a high T; H- mode discharge. -71- JAERI-Research 97-060 E021452 1.2e+16 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Figure 3.13. Time evolution of standard data used for normalization for a high Ti H-mode discharge. -72- JAERI-Research 97-060 3.2.3 a(ET) = S(Er) i- P(Er) (3.21) &2tlZ>o ErIJElfrt* 2fe^ S(Er) Opv>|JI&-C*&o £fcP(Er) (ifiT-^^-a^lt^^ h y^)^±^\z jfl"t&5l$ (penetrability) "C* f), P(Er) = exp(-BG/v/E~) (3.22) BGJi *^ 7 £ifc (Gamov constant) fcD^tiTtL, 2 BG = 7raZ1Z2\/2mrc (3.23) mrJiift»Kfi (reduced mass), al (324) H, 70 WKlBI&Stlfc Duane <7)j£ [81] fc Peres [83]*** 4 o B.H.Duane(iii S m&KftLX Breit-Wigner Ed [rf.A/E) ] ^7f-'f >^^ff^o^0 Duane 5f) NRL formulary[82] [85]o —^ Peres 73- JAERI-Research 97-060 + Er(A2 + Er(A3 + Er(A4 + ErA5))) ' ] Pade t\ Duane H.S.Bosch h\tW matrix 3f& [84] K J: ti£ Bffif fc Jfctfct ZZt X$Lfr fc#f L V> 7 4"JT iy o Bosch DT (av) = °"(|vi ~ v^l) |vi — V2I (3.27) [86] o 1 r°° (o-v)bt = exof dv (3.28) AQE ^ DT v)DT(i h 'J h Figure 3.15K>f * 0, 10, 30keV DT (av) DT tf h V h y 5 TBURN H DT Rj£$ (av)DT(i h -74- JAERI-Research 97-060 -27 10 -28 10 -29 Bosch's formula Duane's formula -33 _ 10 10 100 1000 Relative energy [keV] Figure 3.14. Cross sections of DT fusion reaction calculated from Duane's for- mula and Bosch's formula. 10 100 1000 Energy of Triton [keV] Figure 3.15. Fusion reactivities between Beam-triton and Thermal-deutron cal- culated from Bosch's formula. -75- JAERI-Research 97-060 3.3 TBURN &mJi Figure 2.21 £ Ti H (z/ay E021452, Bt ~ 4 T, Ip ~ 2 MA, - K K «£ i fc vp ^i 3^ FIR -9 , Zeff = 3.5 3 Figure 3.16 Figure 3. (3.29) 1 MeV h 'J 1.2 MHD ([105]#S8)o -76- JAERI-Research 97-060 lit, DT 1 MeV h 'j h ><7)MiIli Figure 3.1> Figure 3. X (3.7) ^ - ^ ^> uncertainty ^ ^Ji 4.3.3 E021452 9.0 8.0 Cal. (D=0.05 m7s) n/ s 7.0 m Measurement ""b 6.0 2 c Cal. (D=0.10m /s) 5.0 ssi o E Cal. (D=0.15m2/s) CD 4.0 c 3.0 CD C Q 2.0 1.0 0.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 Time [sec] Figure 3.16. Time evolution of the measured and calculated DT neutron emission rates. -77- JAERI-Research 97-060 ttz. Figure 3.17trti DT DT 7 7 >OWi 8 sec Figure 2.32KJFL*: Sci-Fi ^ftfy<7) ON/OFF HHRtSo -tL(i, Figure 3.18(3^ L^: «t 1 MeV V ') Y > 3/2 170 keV Te /ne) , (Figure 3.15#M) *"C 1 MeV h U b T; H •*- K E021452 normalization -11.5 (0 f,.o J 7.0 8.0 9.0 p/a 10.0 11.0 Time [sec] 12.0 Figure 3.17. Calculated time evolution of the DT neutron emission profile which has been normalized to have unity at the plasma center. -78- JAERI-Research 97-060 E021452 9.0 sec 2.0 . 8.0 ^^ 3.0 y 6.0 v ne - u \ y 2.0 8 - \ - 1.0 \ 4.0' \ Ts / - 1.0 I- 2.0 i 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 p/a Figure 3.18. Typical radial profiles of rS) Te and ne in a high Tj H-mode plasma. 3.4 V h >M&M%T3-Y~ TBURN Kov>T#g4bLfc0 TBURN iZ , TBURN 9 -79- JAERI-Research 97-060 4.U 4.1 i. gp (prompt loss) fc 2. (neo-classical diffusion) (C 1. \± (first orbit loss) t (i i Figure 4.1H(i, T hit A(= [106]o p = 0 3 Figure 4.1li— 2. 0.01m2/s& h [107] OFMC n-K [i08] -80- JAERI-Research 97-060 Bt(R, Z, 0) = B«,(R) [ 1 + <5(R, Z) cos N 1SL. N lib ^ Br(R,Z)-Br(R,Z) Brax(R, Z) + Brn(R, Z) o Figure 4.2 Kit JT-60U H Figure 4.7Kit ITER (O^lJ) [111] Figure 4.3(a) n>f U 7 h (toroidal drift, VB K 'J 7 h i: ^D ij 7 MliWfM^tli^C^t ^-fe^ft Figure 4.3(a) O <£ -9 K^ iS/cftt; Figure 4.3(b) KJFLtzXiK^V^ 1 1 £%mm* i\ZmZto ^tUt^ti-V ) 7 Mgffc (banana drift diffusion), t ^ {iil^^^ftJ£tJc (collisionless stochastic diffusion) Xffi. [109, 110] «r##jc JAERI-Research 97-060 U 7 h 7 AZ ~ AZ*sin(N0b) (4.4) 3/2 Ar = AZsin^b = Ar*sin(N(/)b) (4.6) Ar* = AZ*sin0b (4.7) 2 ^b 7 h I/N (4.8) dq 2 q cos I (4.9) dr r sin #b Ar*>N , (R,Z) (R,Z + AZ*) K R.J.Goldstone ~ TT/2 >f 7 3/2 > 6C (4.11) -82- JAERI-Research 97-060 Figure 4.4^1" [125] < - >•? 1/2 5 tzsjt E; (Efimm [113] D BD (4.12) IN. , K(0 l±H- Tb UK (3.29) 10 ms J ^ofc@<^^>o J/C Figure 4.5 H(i EPOC 3- K £ffi^-Cft|f: L/v! 1 MeV -5 V 7 4? -83- JAERI-Research 97-060 (4.15) < rb ill, reff (4.16) (417) rNqsin2C (deflection ti 2Q ln ne In Aie$(x) + ]T (Zi i Au$(y)) (4.18) High Collisionality Regime tP^^o rbli (4.14) ^-C^JS «t ^ t~, Ef L, > Low Collisionality Regime hW¥-iZtlZ>W$t,fcfc-f2,o Low Collisionality Regime "Cli^ol'f ^ >li U 7 y^^RUfeft (ripple resonance diffusion) (toroidal precession) ;&* 'J v •? frtltz K.Tani[115] Ci Dr 4reff -84- JAERI-Research 97-060 t V.Y.Goloborod'ko[116] \Zl •) *-ni/ffi frtitz N9/4 13/4vR < fi3/2 > , < <53/2 < ^*H|&3§I*S enhanced v -f^MU (ripple trapping) bty\2tl2>&UtisJb2>o Figure 4.6\Z&Ltz h - 9 7s (D^mm 0 ^ >; v -f^\Z X \) m^^M^^FP (magnetic well) dB/d\ a = 5B/51 (4.21) Figure 4.7K ITER HiSlt ^> V 7 lo itHi 'J 7 7*;Hiieil^ (ripple trapped loss) i h tf 7 *faWC\Z i >2>^^ ij 7 7*;Hlffi (collisional ripple trapping) [120, 121] fc , Figure 4.8[118] -85- JAERI-Research 97-060 Figure 4.9JI INTOR [118]O Figure 4.9(a) i i: ^ J: -6 <> OT% V Figure 4.9(c), Figure 4.9(d) H < 10/isec(l ^^ > ^ JUJlrt H n < 1msec * 'J y (Low Collisionality Regime) ~ lsec ^fet^ (High Collisionality Regime) , 'J rCJ: «9 V 86 JAERI-Research 97-060 £It h ftit*it» L 4rt? ^®^* * > -r * )V n 3 *^D3-K (Orbit-Following Monte-Carlo code, & TOFMC EPOC 3 - K Ji OFMC LX OFMC ^{3 <£ -9 z fix £tz 1.3 K JT-60U , NB Alt 7 tv y 3 OFMC n- Figure 4. E[122] X (9 U Figure 4.10^?> OFMC h& , Figure 4.11 NB tf- DD decay H «t ^ U 7 -9 Figure 4.11*1^ L7 V ^ 7° ;V (Figure 4.7#BS) ^ #0 7° 7 X V «• ^ I) Bt -87- JAERI-Research 97-060 "\ \ "\ N \l \ K K i \ U an c < '\ 0 v -~-— 2 4 A, ASPECT RATIO Figure 4.1. Current required to confine a-particles produced within a region of radius p, as a function of the aspect ratio of the torus for j(p) = const. -88- JAERI-Research 97-060 Table 4.1. Ripple parameters for several tokamaks. Device a (m) R (m) N <5(Rp + ap, 0) (%) ASDEX 0.4 1.65 16 < 0.5 ATC 0.17 0.9 24 0.3 ISX-B 0.26 0.93 18(9) 0.8(19) JET 1.1 3.1 32 1.8 JT-60 0.95 3.0 18 < 0.5 JT-60U 0.95 3.4 18 2.2 PDX 0.43 1.43 20 < 0.2 PLT 0.4 1.34 18(3) 0.3(1.9) TFTR 0.85 2.5 20 0.5 TORE SUPRA 0.8 2.36 18 7.6 ITER 2.8 8.14 20 2.6 5.0 Figure 4.2. Toroidal ripple amplitude distribution of JT-60U. -89- JAERI-Research 97-060 banana drift (a) (b) diffusion / / ^-'g'rad-Br drift not cancelled Figure 4.3. Poloidal cross sectional projection of the banana orbit (a) in the axisymmetric field and (b) in the ripple field. Z/a nume r i cal Figure 4.4. Example of the GWB boundary calculated for INTOR. -90- JAERI-Research 97-060 E026756 7.5 sec re pped loss -2.0 Figure 4.5. Orbit trajectory of 1 MeV triton calculated with EPOC code. —rrRq + TTRq Figure 4.6. The variation in the magnetic field strength along a field line. -91- JAERI-Research 97-060 Ripple Well Figure 4.7. Toroidal field ripple and ripple well domain (shaded area) on ITER. ripple-trapped orbit banana orbit Figure 4.8. Schematic of collisionless ripple-trapping due to finite banana width effect in an inhomogeneous field ripple. -92- JAERI-Research 97-060 0 -0.8 -3.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.2 O.< 0.6 0.« 1.0 •!•« -»•• "0-6 •<>.« -0.2 00 0.2 O.t 0-6 0 'C 9-8 1.0 -1.0 -0-9 -0-t -0-4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 O.( ' 0.8 1.0 Figure 4.9. Collisionless loss region in velocity space. calculated measured 70 m3 plasma 90 m3 plasma Figure 4.10. Calculated and observed hot spots due to ripple losses on the wall. -93 JAERI-Research 97-060 t ion VB 1.0 I ion VB calculation CO CO with no loss CD 0.5 s 0) 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 Time (s) Figure 4.11. DD neutron emission following short pulse NB injection in upward and downward ion VB directions. 4.2 , 1 lMeV GWB 19, h ytfliiokeV V h DT -94- JAERI-Research 97-060 •m * vv 2. Figure 4. £ JT-60U 12 Y - Ji4.2.1 "C#B^i"*o -*, 2. iie^ + ^^ HJ h >'M^O^^jg^^ (collisionality) 4.2.2 T(i sawtooth qeff ^ 3.5 ^?f tz~$ I *} \Z Bt ~ 4 T, Ip ~ 2.2 itzVph LX\± JT-60U o NB NB PNB 1.5 #K (^«^^f^ 5-6.5 #) A , 3.2.2 K MSEStfflO^i 4.2.1 -feK Ltz 3 v ay h E026756, E026755, E026771 Xh .24, 3.18, 3.12 m fc 6 cm -95- JAERI-Research 97-060 - K - K #fii (lib) c 0.0118, 0.0087, 0.0065%"C* ^ > 2 j^ Figure 4.12H FBI n- K 3 v a-y h $ ^ Figure 4. Sn t DT 'J E026756, E026755, E026771 @ 6.0sec 4.5 Figure 4.12. Comparison of the separatrixes obtained in the Rp-scan experiment. - 96 JAERI-Research 97-060 2x10 E026756 Large E026755 Medium E026771 Small co CO 10 7 8 Time [sec] Figure 4.13. Comparison of time evolutions of the total neutron emission rate Sn and the DT neutron emission rate SDT in the Rp-scan experiment. -97- JAERI-Research 97-060 4.2.2 FIR \Z I -SftiflO ^ - K CH2(3.2.2 fc Figure 3.5 4.2.1 X*WfflLtz E026756 "C^^o E026756 1.05 x 101 2.0 xlO19, 2.9 xlO19, 3.5 V37 h#-tfiHIIHE026773. E025775. E026774 z =t h #*^°7ftA(2 NB inlfeil^T t IWKKI*& U 2.5 J^ Figure 4.14K#^KT#f>*ljtJCH2nedl fc SoT^^^^'f^^-t'o |CH2nedl , E026773, E025775 h- O, E026774"Cli -98 JAERI-Research 97-060 «- E026774 E026775 *- E026773 E026756 6 7 Time [sec] Figure 4.14. Comparison of time evolutions of the line electron density /CH2 nedl m and the DT neutron emission rate SDT the ne-scan experiment. -99- JAERI-Research 97-060 4.3 4.3.1 TBURN DT , ne7° t CO2 LTIi (3.16) jt () i^ Zeffti E026756 t E026755 .5, E026771 H*ttTli4.2 *fflv>^o ^)feffl!l5£^ NB , S DT NBDmM NB M 1 ^^ RpJ&*/h < T TBURN < , 7.5 , E026755, E026771 ft -100- JAERI-Research 97-060 E026756 measured calculated (no loss) 7 8 9 Time [sec] Figure 4.15. Time evolutions of the measured and calculated DT neutron emis- sion rate for E026756. 14 10 E026755 .CO c CO CD c o 12 10 measured CD calculated(no loss) c Q 10 11 6 7 8 9 Time [sec] Figure 4.16. Time evolutions of the measured and calculated DT neutron emis- sion rate for E026755. - 101 JAERI-Research 97-060 \ T E026771 measured calculated(no loss) 11 l I 10 8 Time [sec] Figure 4.17. Time evolutions of the measured and calculated DT neutron emis- sion rate for E026771. 4.3.2 OFMC£J:5J£#f 4.1 *-y a y\$ NB 1. NB CO deposit ff£, 2. sJ?>f > V V-7, N 3. TBURNOi 1 MeV h Figure 4.18K TBURN HTft-J^L/i NB (6.5sec) Hi5 - 102- JAERI-Research 97-060 U h V b >«Ul^ti£$EB<7>^ffi (P~o.l-O.4) ri fi£o"COFMC#|-Jt£j3lt& 1 MeV h 'J b >£>3&£5MJI± DT *£ ^••t^^^M(-ti^VDT^t^) KIT 2000 IH^h >j h y*-i$K 3) "C5-X.& Z. hKLtZo V'DT'i E026756, E026755, E026771 , p~0.2, 0.175, 0.15-C*4O 4*3 Figure 4.18HI±V>DT«fc (p =0.35-0.55) li NB \Z X h fef- A^^ (Figure 3.11#J8 ^: h 'J h > (Figure 3.12#,BS) |:i 3.3 T^^ L^J: "9 ^ h U h >'W«ai^ra *-? i> NB OFMC m^j^^ h •; h >^^^KU: (^jst^ra) oi^ra^ik^^n DT ^$SDT<7)I^M^fl:4:tH([LA:o E026756, E026755, E026771 Figure 4.19, Figure 4.20, Figure 4.21(1 Tfito MVBtiHt V v M L itz Figure 4.22, Figure 4.23, Figure 4.24 43 {i h 'J h (< 1 %)) 2.2 MA fc^, Fugure4.1 CJ; z 3.5 MeV a ^Ji, JT-60U - 103- JAERI-Research 97-060 Figure 4.22, Figure 4.23, Figure 4.24^Kli, l> y 7 ;HSJEJf £ if y -y —1 * Normalized 1 - - 8 CO \^ /E026756 t N 0.8 s/~~^\ E026755 ^ ^vVE026771 c A - co 0.6 E •*-2» CD 0.4 2 c p "3 0.2 CD c Q 0 1 1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Normalized minor radius p Figure 4.18. DT neutron rates from each shell calculated with TBURN showing contribution to the DT neutron production of each magnetic surface. - 104 JAERI-Research 97-060 with ripple without ripple 0.2 0.4 0.6 Time [sec] Figure 4.19. Time evolutions of the DT neutron emission rate with/without the ripple field for E026756 calculated with OFMC. E026755 with npple without ripple 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Time [sec] Figure 4.20. Time evolutions of the DT neutron emission rate with/without the ripple field for E026755 calculated with OFMC. - 105- JAERI-Research 97-060 with ripple without ripple 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Time [sec] Figure 4.21. Time evolutions of the DT neutron emission rate with/without the ripple field for E026771 calculated with OFMC. 25 E026756 With ripple (total) 20 With ripple (ripple trapped I 15 T5 With ripple (orbit loss) 10 CO o 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Time [sec] Figure 4.22. Time evolutions of the loss fractions with/without the ripple field for E026756 calculated with OFMC. -106- JAERI-Research 97-060 14 E026755 With ripple (total) 12 ^ 10 With ripple (ripple trapped loss C g 8 With ripple (orbit loss) to 5 ^ Without ripple (total) 2 \ 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Time [sec] Figure 4.23. Time evolutions of the loss fractions with/without the ripple field for E026755 calculated with OFMC. 12 E026771 With ripple (total) 10 8 With ripple (ripple trapped loss) 6 - With ripple (orbit loss CO CO o Without ripple (total) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Time [sec] Figure 4.24. Time evolutions of the loss fractions with/without the ripple field for E026771 calculated with OFMC. - 107 - JAERI-Research 97-060 4.3.3 NB £3JofclftfBI(6.5sec) KiSltS DT , TBURN Ci , 4.3.1 #,HS) * Figure 4.26K uncertainty 4.3.2 ii V'DT fc OFMC i:J: 0 ft SDT(4.3.2 #,BS) < Figure 4. £ Real U h y ^: (6) , OFMC H X i ^ Figure 4.25K E026756 HJ^ t TffH L Jt 1 MeV 200keV CO h U b > lift iri GWB mw {&M) £ 'J vf^Ty^jvffim (H&«3 GWB %#(i (4.8) ;Hi EPOC n-K GWB ft^ f Ti:v7 h Lt «>{I Shafranov o 4.1 \, Figure 4.25 £ Figure 4. «t ») , GWB Rcai , 1 MeV h 'J Figure 4. £ 7 IZ - 108 JAERI-Research 97-060 4*3 H&K (4.8) ^KX-Rtbtz GWB , HI&Kli 4.3.2 -CE^ Ltz I n 1msec) [125] Figure 4.26W ReXp, R^ai^r TBURN TBURN HTft (3.29) , f-f, ffl exp> Dcal^ Figure 4. (4.20) V.Y.Goloborod'ko H «t h MeV t 200keV Figure Figure 4.27 iZ £ fl uncertainty 4L - 109 - JAERI-Research 97-060 (3.29) 19 K GWB factor uncertainty Dcal fc OFMC H V.Y.Goloborod'ko [126]) OFMC [email protected] 2.0" Ripple Well 1.0' -1.0' -2.0' 1 MeV Triton's 200 keV Triton's GWB boundary GWB boundary 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 R[m] Figure 4.25. Ripple well and GWB boundaries for E026756. - 110- JAERI-Research 97-060 1.2 B 0.8 (0 0.6 3 I—OH Rexp : ExpJNo loss TBURN cal. • Real : With/No ripple OFMC cal. 0.4 0.2 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 < d > [%] Figure 4.26. Ratios of the measured to the TBURN calculated triton burnup assuming no loss(white), and ratios between the OFMC calculated triton burnup with and without ripple(black). CO ,,----Ti'200keV 1 MeV £ I—O—I measurement • OFMC cal. • theory (V.Y.Goloborod'ko) 0.001 i 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 Figure 4.27. Comparison of diffusion coefficients derived by measurements (white), OFMC calculation (black) and V.Y.Goloborod'ko's the- ory (gray). - Ill- JAERI-Research 97-060 4.4 4.4.1 TBURN I TBURN n-K (3##fi?.) KJ: •) DT ^T'-J'ffaS^HonTIi 4.3.1 E026756, E026773, E026775, E026774 iZ Figure 4.15. Figure 4.28, Fig- ure 4.29, Figure 4.30tC^to Ifi L E026773, E026775, E026774 Zeff = 4.2 , 1. '?"7ffiA , 2. t E026773 > BREMS #-^H «t tllf Zeff(i 6.5 ® IIL ttz 3.3 -C "CJi TBURN iC lOkeV TBURN h TBURN <7)i t K E026756 - 112 - JAERI-Research 97-060 i r i r 1014 E026773 - measured calculated(no loss) 10 11 6 7 8 9 Time [sec] Figure 4.28. Time evolutions of the measured and calculated DT neutron emis- sion rate for E026773. 10 14 E026775 o CD c o 12 10 measured CD c calculated(no loss) 10 11 n_ 6 7 8 9 Time [sec] Figure 4.29. Time evolutions of the measured and calculated DT neutron emis- sion rate for E026775. 113 - JAERI-Research 97-060 14 10 g "(0 13 (0 1in0 £ 0 C O 12 3 10 measured C calculated (no loss) Q 11 10 7 8 Time [sec] Figure 4.30. Time evolutions of the measured and calculated DT neutron emis- sion rate for E026774. 4.4.2 #H ne, ZeSt i) NB * 7f£ 1.5 #f£ (8#) K£ MeV t 200keV L£o Figure 4.31 Zefffi E026756, E026773, E026775, E026774 C 3.2, 2.3, 1.8, 1.8 t tzWMtZ 4.3.3 *)^ if 7s collisionality \ Zeff Dr /CH2nedi \Z^ Drr(i 2 114- JAERI-Research 97-060 , h 'J h Vt^x 3.2.2 T^m BREMS r >f Zeff O uncertainty 3.3 H 7 -5 tc Ltzjjtfl v>o i/i NB «r^^r^* (2TO±) o fe**, JT-60U iJ^ i: LT YAG V— it, ne, zefft DD - 115- JAERI-Research 97-060 0.14 1 /CH2 ne dl [x10 Figure 4.31. Diffusion coefficients obtained in the ne-scan experiment calculated with V.Y.Goloborod'ko's theory. 4.5 ££$> RP fc OFMC zy) DT uncertainty <7)tz - 116- JAERI-Research 97-060 3.5 MeV a DT 3.5 MeV a MeV h MeV h u <; , JT-60U ^t4 14MeV Sci-Fi , JT-60U , Sci-Fi > Sci-Fi JT-60U Sci-Fi Sci-Fi , 1. , 2. ^ 3. , 4. 2, 3, 7t Si ^ (SBD) *? NE213 V- DT (ioms), (3 tfr) ij L r, >r t ^ Sci-Fi %z DT h U b -K TBURN , TBURN 3to ttz TBURN JT-60U o TBURN Hi lMeV h - 117- JAERI-Research 97-060 h tfto*tzo t tz Sci-Fi tfeffi3|£>Jg|pJi4K X <0 ftbtltz DT ^ v u h t 3> -K OFMC lit OFMC OFMC t^LftiJf^-^(D uncertainty coUisionality ab •© ITER ^^n^ TAE ^t- LTIi, Scm^cO unknown factor (75f^ H, ^ < t: Sci-Fi y - 118 JAERI-Research 97-060 CXR Wf- ^CSL, Uti TMS CSK JT-60IJ r-&m ^Xm$.ffl3ZPJt<0 Glen A. Wurden, Robert E. Chrien l/i 7 1997 #• 3 119- JAERI-Research 97-060 [1] FWtiNR, SIR, ^9X7 • $CSfc^£g£ 72, 1433 (1996). [2] The JET Team, "The JET preliminary tritium experiment", Plasma Phys. Con- trol. 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Kondoh, A. Morioka, H. Kimura, M.Saigusa, S.Moriyama, O.Dacosta, V.I.Afanassiev and JT-60 TEAM, "Transport and loss of energetic ions in JT-60U", IAEA-CN-64/A5-6. 4. T. Kondoh, H. Kimura, Y. Kusama, A. Morioka, S. Moriyama, M. Saigusa, K.Nagashima, R.Yoshino and H.Harano, "Gamma-Ray Measurements in JT- 60U ICRF Heated Plasma", Journal of Plasma and Fusion Research Vol.72, No.12 (1996) pp.1397-1405 (in Japanese). 5. T. Nishitani, M. Isobe, G.A.Wurden, R.E.Chrien, H. Harano, K. Tobita and Y.Kusama, "Triton burnup measurements Using Scintillating Fiber Detector on JT-60U", Fusion Engineering and Design Vol.34-35 (1997) (in press). - 132 - J T 6 0 U £ It 5/. a § U h s 1 SI 4 •2 SliWfflc ft « ft; 12 ^ Id ^ KsJlJS s - t- l\, m D min, h, d 10" x 7 * E ft ft * a 7" 7 A kg 1015 ^ 7 p 12 m fa! s yu 1. 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Ml-Sit rHK*ffi*J 365 US, SIS m% ft . « 7 — o y C A-s - Ci *ft«SJBJ 1985ifflJffK.fc.6o fc/JL. leV yu h V W/A .+: u y H y y R fc J; O' 1 u fflfflti CODATA © 1986^«g ft 7 7 7 K F C/V n 7 K rad SI - A V/A A rem * & n 2. y 7" 7 9 > X — A y X s A/V /< Wb V-s A=0.1 nm=10-"Jm J $ m « X 7 T Wb/m b=100fmJ=10-nm! y y 9 9 y X y U - H Wb/A 3. barli, JlST-U«ttt:eDE./]£&*ri-*S 1 bar=0.1 MPa = 10sPa -b /u y o x g °C >fc $ - ^ y 1m cd-sr 2 »B 7 X Ix lm/m Ci=3.7xl0'°Bq barnfci ft W 7 U yu Bq s"' R=2.58xlO-'C/kg ! © |R » 1 7" L- -( Gy J/kg rad = lcGy = 10 Gy ft ft — '-i yU h Sv J/kg rem=lcSv=10 !Sv s 2 2 ( = 10 dyn) kgf Ibf E MPa( = 10bar) kgf /cm atm mmHg(Torr) Ibf/in (psi) 1 0.101972 0.224809 1 10.1972 9.86923 7.50062 x 10' 145.038 9.80665 1 2.20462 0.0980665 1 0.967841 735.559 14.2233 4.44822 0.453592 1 0.101325 1.03323 1 760 14.6959 tt * lPas(Ns/m!)=l0P(.1!TX)(g/(cm-s)) 1.33322 x 10"' 1.35951 x 103 1.31579x10" 1 1.93368 x 10" lmVs=10 X J( = 10'erg) kgf*m kW- h caUitftft) Btu ft • lbf eV 1 cal = 4.18605 J /Is 1 0.101972 2.77778 x 10'' 0.238889 9.47813x10' 0.737562 6.24150x10" = 4.184J \ 9.80665 1 2.72407 x 10-' 2.34270 9.29487 x 10-' 7.23301 6.12082 x 10" = 4.1855 J (15 ft 3.6 x 10' 3.67098 x 10s 1 8.59999 x 10 s 3412.13 2.65522 x 10' 2.24694 x 10" 4.18605 0.426858 1.16279x10-' 1 3.96759x10-' 3.08747 2.61272x10" \ PS k !l 1055.06 107.586 2.93072 x 10-' 252.042 1 778.172 6.58515 xlO = 75 kgfm/s 1.35582 0.138255 3.76616x10'' 0.323890 1.28506x10-' 1 8.46233 x 10" = 735.499 W 20 1.60218x10-" 1.63377 x JO' 4.45050 x 10-2< 3.82743 x lO20 1.51857xl022 1.18171 xlO"" 1 Bq Ci IS Gy rad C/kg Sv rem 2.70270 x 10- 1 100 3876 1 100 ft ft 3.7 x 10" 1 0.01 1 2.58 x 10 1 0.01 1 (86 *f