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The ¢~Edal Collector'

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The ¢~Edal Collector' The ¢~edal Collector’ OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ORDERS AND MEDALS SOCi£TY OF AMERICA EDJTOR : FR£D£,~IC I/~//A//E/gDOR/’£~ 4ZZ~.~, ~UND£ZSS//,QY£j ~F/CKN£~ //u//d/s,.-,.,.-, VOL12 MARCH-APRIL 1961 N0. 2r, THE: OLD CRETE MEDAL OF 1867 BY DR. K. {3, KLIETMANN i 1, COUNTRY - TURKEY~ OTTOMAN EMPIRE 2. NAME -- ORIGINALLY KNOWN AS ~ CRETE MEDAL~ 1~67 II. AFTER 1~909 WITH THE ADVENT OF ANOTHER CRETE MEDAL~ IT BECAME KNOWN AS ~ OLD CRETE MEDAL I~ AND IN TURKISHI R ATIK GIRIDI ~DALYASl n FOUNDED BY -- SULTAN ASDUL AsIS DATE -- Ig67 HISTORY -- IN lg~6 A REBELLION BEGAN AGAINST TURKISH OPPRESSION ON THE ISLAND OF CRETE9 WHICH IS IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN SEA AND A PART OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE. THE MOUNTANOU8 TERRAIN MADE THE SUPPRESSION JUST THAT MUCH MORE DIFFICULT TO THE COMBINATION OF TURKISH AND EGYP- TION TROOPS, MUCH MORE 80~ AS THE REBELS9 THE GREEK POPULATION~ WERE SUPPORTED BY VOLUNTEERS AND CASH FROM OTHER SCOURCEB, IN 1~67~ THE TURKISH COMMKNDER-IN-CHIEFs 0MER PASCHA~ FINALLY BROUGHT THE REBEL- LION UNDER CONTROL BY A COMBINATION OF GREAT SEVERITY AND ALSO A GEN- ERAL AMNESTY, THEREBY THE REBELLION WAS EXTINGUISHED, 7o PURPOSE - To COMMEMORATE THE BATTLES AND REWARD THE VICTORIOUS PAR- TICIPANTS. ELIGIBILITY - ALL OF THE TURKISH PARTICIPANTS 13. COINAGES A) FIRST COINAGE I, CLASSES -- GOLD MEDAL FOR THE GENERALS AND ADMIRALS SILVER MEDAL TO THE BALANCE OF TROOPS III. DIMENSIONS - ]6.7 MM FOR BOTH GOLD AND SILVER MEDALS Vll. REVERSE - THE ISLAND OF CRETE IN THE MIDST OF THE MEDITERRANEAN WITH " KIRID " (IN ARABIC) ABOVE AND tl 12~ I| BELOW (= 1~ BUT IN THE TURKISH NUMERALS ACCORDING TO THE ERA OF HEGIRA). IV. OBVERSE -- THE ~ULTANIS TOUGHRA ABOVE A CRESCENT. XI. ~UBPENSION - THE MEDAL IS HOLED AT THE TOP TO TAKE A RING9 WHICH IS ATTACHED TO THE ORNAMENTAL SLOTTED SUSPENDER, X118 RIBBON -- 21MMs EQUAL STRIPES= GREEN / REDISH ORANGE / GREEN B MEANING -- RED AND GREEN ARE THE COMMONEST TURKISH RIBBON COLORS, RED IS A TRADITIONAL TURKISH COLOR ~ AND WAS ON THE BANNERS OF THE CONqUERERS OF CONSTANTINOPLE WHEN THEY ADDED THE CRESCENT OT THAT CITY TO THEIR BANNERS, GREEN IS THE TRADITIONAL COLOR OF ISLAM~ AND A GREEN STRIPE ON A MOHAMMEDAN SIGNIFIES THAT HE HAS FULFILLED HIS DUTY OF THE PILGRIMAGE TO MECCA, XlX. UPON EXAMINATION OF AN ACTUAL SPECIMEN OF THI~ MEDAL FOUND IN TURKEY BY MEMBER C.V, KELLY~ A CURIOUS ALTERATION OF THE SUSPENDER IB TO BE FOUND, IT IS AN IMITATION OF THE FOLIATEO SUSPENDER PE- CULIAR TO THE BRITISH CRIMEA MEDAL, THE MEDAL ITSELF APPEARS TO HAVE HAD THE HOLE AT THE TOP FILLED IN~ AND THE SWIVELING PORTION IS ATTACHED TO THE MEDAL BY A CLAW, THE WHOLE SYSTEM IS AN IMITA- TION OF THE ~RITISH METHOD OF ATTACHING A MEDAL TO THE BUSPENDER~ BUT POORLY AND ROUGHLY EXECUTED. 14. C, DISPOSITION AT DEATH -- IT 18 PASSED ON TO THE ELDEST SON ACCORDING TO OFFICIAL REGULATIONS. 19. REMARKS - AS IB THE CASE WITH MOST TURKISH MEDALS~ THIS MEDAL HAS NOT BEEN TREATED BEFORE IN ANY ENGLISH PUBLICATION. IN AODITION~ DR, KLIET-- MANN HAS READY FOR PUBLICATION A COMPLETE OUTLINE OF THE ORDERS9 MEDALS9 AND DECORATIONS OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, 20, REFERENCES -- ARCHIVES OF DR, KLIETMANN, THE MEDAL 18 ALSO TO BE FOUND MENTIONED AND ILLUSTRATED IN TROST~ THE WELL-KNOWN GERMAN BOOK ON ORDERS AND MEDALS PRINTED IN 1910t REFERENCES TO COLORS FROM B FLAGS ~ BY GRACE HUMPHREY (1929). COMPILED BY WALTER HUBER AND Go KRUG FROM INFORMATION SUBMITTED BY DR. KLIETMANN OF BERLIN~ TRANSLATED BY WALTER P, HUBER9 WITH MINOR ADDITIONS BY HUBER AND KRUG, 2 THE ORDER OF THE DANNEBROG I. COUNTRY - DENMARK No. OF THE ORDER LA-~ 2. NAME -- ORDER OF THE DANNEBROG, " DANNEBROGORDEN " , OR FLAG OF THE DANES ~. FOUNDED BY -- KING CHRISTIAN ~TH 4. WHEN - OCTOBER 12TH~ 1671. THE ORDER WAS A RENEWAL OF AN OLD CHIVAL- ROUS FRATERNITY~ ONCE FOUNDED BY KING VALDEMAR (WALDEMAR I1, KING OF DENMARK) IN THE YEAR 1219 AFTER A BATTLE IN ESTONIA. VALDEMAR WAS ON THE POINT OF YIELD ING~ WHEN SUDDENLY A RED FLAG WITH A WHITE CROSS APPEARED IN THE SKY. fHIS RALLIED THE DANES AND THEYWENT ON TO VAN- qUISH THE ENEMY AND TO COMMEMORATE THAT MIRACLE~ THE KING ESTABLISHED THE ORDER . 7" WHERE -- ROSENBORG CASTLE~ COPENHAGEN 6. HISTORY OF COUNTRY - ~INCE 1660~ THE KING HAD THE ABSOLUTE POWER IN THE COUNTRY9 AND DID ALL TO STRENGTHEN HIS CROWN; MAKING A NEW COURT NOBILITY AGAINST THE OLD COUNTRY NOBILITY BY THE INSTITUTION OF THE ORDER. 7. PURPOSE -- To SIGNAL THE OCCASION OF THE BIRTH OF HIS FIRST SON. FOR THE GLORY OF THE KINGDOM AS A REWARD TO ITS BRAVE WARRIORS. TO REWARD BOTH DANES AND FOREIGNERS FOR BOTH CIVIL AND MILITARY MERIT. To DANEG FOR LONG AND CONSPICUOUS SERVICE. 8. BRIEF HISTORY OF ORDER - FROM 1219 TO 1660 THE HISTORY OF THE ORDER IS SOMEWHAT VAGUE. IT IS SAID THAT THE ADVENT OF THE REFORMATION WAS THE MAIN REASON FOR ITS LAPSE IN THE 16TH CENTURY9 TOGETHER WITH THE IRREGULARITY OF ITS BESTOWAL, IN 1671, THE ORDER WAS DEFINITELY ES- TABLISHED AND HAS CONTINUED AS THE SECOND ORDER OF THE DANISH CROWN TO DATE. THE ORDER OF THE ELEPHANT IS THE PREMIER ORDER. 9. PATRON ,SAINT -- NONE 10. CHANCERY OF THE ORDER - CHAPEL -- 0RDERNSKAPITLETS SEKRETARIAT LOCATION -- CHR. VIII~s PALAIS~ ~MALIENBORG SLOT (CASTLE)~ COPENHAGEN K 11. OFFICERS OR DIGNITARIES - A. GRAND MASTER -- THE KING B. CHANCELLOR - (AT PRESENT) HIS HIGHNESS PRINCE VIGGO C. OTHERS - ~ECRETARY OF THE ORDER (THE KINGIS PRIVATE SECRETARY) TREASURER OF THE 0RDER~ ~ECRETARY OF THE CHAPEL~ HISTORIOGRAPHER OF THE ORDER 12. ELIGIBILITY - UP UNTIL 1~0~ THE ORDER WAS BESTOWED ONLY ON HIGH DIG- NITARIES AND NOSLEMEN~ ~INCE 1~0~9 ALL MEN IRRESPECTIVE OF AGE AND POSITION COULD BE CONFERRED WITH THE ORDER. ~INCE 19~1, WOMEN WERE AD- MITTED TO THE ORDER9 ALTHOUGH SEVERAL WOMEN OF THE ROYAL FAMILY HAVE HELD THE HIGHEST CLASS PRIOR TO THIS TIME. 1~, NOMINATION & FEES - THE KING HAS THE PRIOR RIGHT OF CONFERRING THE ORDER ON WHOM HE PLEASES. HOWEVER~ GOVERNMENTAL DEPARTMENTS~ AS WELL AS ANY ASSEMBLY OF CITIZENS~ HAVE PERMISSION TO FORWARD PROPOSALS TO THE KING. THE GRAND CROSS PAYS AN OFFICIAL RANK-TAX. OFFICE FEEl COMMANDER I -- 100 KR.I COMMANDER - ~0 KR.j KNIGHT I -- ~ KR. YEARLY FEES FOR G.C.~ COMM. I, & COMM. - 20 KR. 1~. PRIVILEGES AND RESTRICTIONS - HOLDERS OF THE GRAND COMMANDER HAD THE TITLE OF "EXCELLENCY" AND WERE IN ADDITION TO BE CONSIDERED MEMBERS OF THE CHAPTER OF THE ORDER. 1~. STATUTES 169~-1 DEC.~ CONFIRMED THE ORDER IN A SINGLE CLA86. 1~0~-2~ JUNE~ GENERAL REORGANIZATION IN FOUR GLASSES AND A BADGE OF HONOR OF THE DANNENBROGMEN. 1809-2~ JAN.~ BADGE OF HONOR TO BE WORN IN ADDITION TO LATER AWARDED CLASS OF THE ORDER, 1812-28 JAN, p BADGE OF HONOR CONSIDERED ADDED DISTINCTION AND TO BE WORN IN ADDITION TO ALREADY BESTOWED CLASSES OF ORDER. 1841-21 FEB., CLASsEs REDUCED TO THREE~ AS GRAND COMMANDER NOW CON- 81DERED A SEPARATE CLAGB~ OVER AND ABOVE THE REGULAR LOWER THREE CLASSES. 3 .
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