Explorer's Gazette

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Published Quarterly in Pensacola, Florida USA for the Old Antarctic Explorers Association Uniting All OAEs in Perpetuating the Memory of United States Involvement in Antarctica Volume 21, Issue 2 Old Antarctic Explorers Association, Inc Apr-Jun 2021

Photo from S. Watson/Shutterstock They were likely the first humans to set eyes on Antarctic waters and perhaps the continent. Hinemoana Waka, a 72-foot double-masted Vaka Moana boat, designed & built by the Okeanos Foundation for the Sea. Maori May Have Travelled To Antarctica As Early As the 7th Century By Vita Molyneux The research followed the voyage of Hui Te Rangiora 8 June 2021 (also known as Ūi Te Rangiora) who sailed between the ew research is revealing Māori connections to islands—including possibly Antarctica. NAntarctica, detailing the exploration of a seventh- "In some narratives, Hui Te Rangiora and his crew century explorer who ventured far south—possibly as far as continued south. A long way south. In so doing, they were the frozen continent. likely the first humans to set eyes on Antarctic waters and The research paper is part of a project between Manaaki perhaps the continent," the paper, published in the Journal of Whenua Landcare Research and Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu the Royal Society of New Zealand, said. researchers, led by Dr Priscilla Wehi from Manaaki Part of the voyage is retold in a late 19th-century Whenua. publication by surveyor and ethnologist Stephenson Percy Researchers scanned the literature and lined it up with Smith. oral histories to provide a record of Māori presence in early Continued on Page 4 Antarctic exploration.

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issues, to see what you all are up to—don’t ever be afraid P R E S I D E N T ’ S C O R N E R to reach out! Allison Barden—OAEA President It finally feels like we are slowly coming out of the

MIDWINTER GREETINGS OAEs!—I woods enough to make travel plans for next year! The always enjoy the irony of basking in the 2022 Reunion is less than a year away—will we see you beginning of summer while simul- in San Diego next May? I can’t wait to hear your stories! taneously wishing a Happy Midwinter to I wish you all good health and a most excellent summer or winter, wherever you are. Be well, friends. those who have celebrated the darkness as Antarctica’s Frozen Chosen. I love Allison Barden reflecting on how special the Midwinter celebrations AKA Sandwich were during my winters at McMurdo. Happy Midwinter Southern Friends, it only gets lighter from here on out, and I hope the road is looking up and up for everyone as we turn a corner into another strange chapter of life. Welcome to new and returning members reporting in this quarter: Danielle Larson (NOK), Rex and Pat Coldwell (NOK), Franklin and Josephine Ball (USAP pair at Pole and Palmer), David Harrowfield (Noted NZ archeologist and historian), Janis Knight (NOK)< Scott Mosher (USAP McM), Andrew Fountain (USAP Pole and Dry Valleys). GROWLERS & BERGY BYTES Thank you to all who have donated to the Scholarship Feature Stories, Odds & Ends, Collected, Compiled, and General Funds this quarter: Sarah Gillens, Audrey Edited, & Written by Billy-Ace Penguin Baker Clark, Rex Coldwell, David Harrowfield, Phillip Dwyer, Page st and the OAEA-NE Chapter. As a non-profit organization, Cover StoryMaori 1 In Antarctica………………….1, 4 we rely on member dues and tax-deductible donations to Oakland, CA—President’s Corner………………………..2 cover our Scholarship Fund and operating costs. No Camarillo, CA—Web Master Emeritus…………………. 3 donation is too small (or too big!)—please see the Donor Here & There—Feedback & Letters to the Editor………11 Form and Information section of the OAEA website. Gresham, OR—The Prestige Of Becoming A CPO…….15 I would like to give a shout-out to OAEA Board Here & There—BMCS Joseph Worley………………….18 Member Charles Lagerbom, who wrote a wonderful Navarre, FL—Antarctic Adventures ………………….… 21 article about the R/V Hero in the last issue. He recently Here and There—In Memory: Obituaries……………… 27 gave an excellent presentation of the history of this Virginia Beach, VA—Chaplain’s Corner………………….31 incredible vessel which you can watch online here: Pelham, AL—Why I Still Explore…………………………..31 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMHtsLhZDQY&t=549s Atlanta, GA—Polar POD Floating Laboratory………... 32 Another piece of media I would like to share is a short Antarctica—A Whales Tale (Pun Intended)……… ……35 film called Under the Ice of Antarctica. It is about diving Pensacola, FL—Ball Of Yarns……………………………36 in McMurdo and the fascinating research of Sea Spiders Pensacola, FL—Days Gone By. Midwinter Parties… … 41 in the Ross Sea. The film was made in the 2019-20 Camarillo, CA—West Coast Group……………………. .46 season by Rachel Heckerman, who worked in the Galley. Brunswick, ME—New England Chapter Meeting……...47 Watch it here: https://vimeo.com/427575411 Pensacola, FL—New Members & Reunions…………….49 In the spirit of Midwinter—check out this incredible Here and There—Locator Column……………………… 50 replica of Shackleton’s Endurance, in the form of a cake DISCLAIMER STATEMENT and completely edible! This was made by Rose McAdoo for McMurdo’s 2020 Midwinter Celebrations. While The Old Antarctic Explorers Association publishes the Rose worked in the Waste department at McM, she also Explorer’s Gazette quarterly. Opinions expressed by the is a professional cake maker, and has made a number of editorial staff or contained in articles submitted by members, creative cakes inspired by the science at McMurdo. and non-members are not official expressions of the OAEA nor http://www.whiskmeawaycakes.com/antarctica.html does the mention of books, products, or events constitute This Gazette is such a huge labor of love that I want endorsement by the OAEA. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. to recognize our own Billy-Ace for putting it together Section 107, any copyrighted work in this newsletter is every quarter. Thank you, B-A for all your work and distributed under fair use without profit or payment for non- dedication. I would also like to give a special thank you profit research and educational purposes only. to Ed Hamblin, VP, and former President, who continues to mentor me. I look forward to reading this and all

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WEB MASTER EMERITUS

The Explorer’s Gazette is the official publication of the

Old Antarctic Explorers Association, Inc.

National Headquarters 10819 Berryhill Road Pensacola, FL 32506–6201 USA Phone 850 456 3556

And is published four times annually Bob “Gabby” Gaboury DF-75 Editor Billy-Ace Baker As you all are probably aware, long time OAEA member

Editorial Assistants and OAEA site webmaster Robert Gaboury (aka Gabby) Gus Shinn Kerry Konrad passed away due to COVID-19 related issues in December. Kenneth Henry Linda Thayer-Gaboury has asked for me to pass the word Pam Landy regarding his funeral service, which was postponed due to Gravity Physicist Emeritus John Stewart (RIP) pandemic restrictions and other reasons. For those

Editor Emeritus interested, Gabby’s funeral is scheduled for 1100/11:00 AM Jim O’Connell 24 July 2021 at Conejo Mountain Memorial Park in 2001–2003

Web Master Emeritus Camarillo, CA. It will be patriotic theme with full military Bob “Gabby” Gaboury (RIP) honors. 2008–2020

Sincerely, Association Officers

President – Allison Barden Ed Hamblin Vice President – Ed Hamblin Ed Hamblin Secretary – Marty Diller Treasurer – Bill Rouzer Life Director – Billy-Ace Baker

Past President – Laura Snow Director – David Bresnahan Director – Rob Buettner Director – Allen Cox Director – Yolonda Washington Director – Journey Washingtonhigh Director – Charles Lagerbom Director – Charles Thompson

Chaplain – Johnnie Draughon Historian – Billy-Ace Baker Parliamentarian - John Lamont West Conejo Mountain Memorial Park Web Master – Ed Hamblin .

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The Maori May Have Been First From page 1 oral accounts of Māori exploration, they conclude that these In the publication, the sights thought to have been seen by sailors were likely the first humans to see Antarctica at some Te Rangiora are recounted. point in the seventh century. "The monstrous seas; the female that dwells in those In fact, by the time American and European vessels mountainous waves, whose tresses wave about in the waters started embarking on voyages to the south pole in the 19th and on the surface of the sea; and the frozen sea of pia, with century, the Māori already had a reputation of being able to the deceitful animal of that sea who dives to great depths navigate these freezing and choppy waters. Those skills, foggy, misty, and dark place not seen by the sun. Other things researchers say, made them regularly sought after as guides are like rocks, whose summits pierce the skies, they are on Antarctic expeditions. completely bare and without any vegetation on them." “We found connection to Antarctica and its waters have Researchers say this account describes sub-Antarctic flora been occurring since the earliest traditional voyaging, and and fauna as well as geography. later through participation in European-led voyaging and The "tresses" are suggested to be Southern Ocean bull- exploration, contemporary scientific research, fishing, and kelp. more for centuries,” says project lead Dr. Priscilla Wehi in "We found a connection to Antarctica and its waters have a media release. been occurring since the earliest traditional voyaging, and later through participation in European-led voyaging and Putting the Māori on their historical pedestal: Study exploration, contemporary scientific research, fishing, and authors add the research highlights the long tradition of the more for centuries," said Dr Wehi. Māori as explorers and their continuing contribution to their She says further research will reveal more concrete country’s studies in the Ross Sea—a deep bay of the evidence, which will become publicly known as tribal Southern Ocean off Antarctica’s coast. The team, led by researchers and iwi work together to share the narratives. Manaaki Whenua. Landcare Research, also hopes their findings will provide a richer narrative of world exploration. THE MAORI MAY HAVE BEEN FIRST “Taking account of responsibilities to under-represented groups, and particularly Māori as Treaty partners, is 8 June 2021 important for both contemporary and future programs of By Chris Melore Antarctic research, as well as for future exploration of New ndigenous people of New Zealand may have reached Zealand‘s obligations within the Antarctic Treaty System,” I Antarctica 1,200 years before European explorers says Wehi. Lincoln, New Zealand—For over 200 years, most of what “Growing more Māori Antarctic scientists and the world knows about Antarctica comes from the American incorporating Māori perspectives will add depth to New and European explorers who have visited the frozen Zealand’s research programs and ultimately the protection continent. While these achievements in sailing are still worth and management of Antarctica,” the study author concludes. celebrating, a new study finds a lesser-known group of The team published their study in the Journal of the Royal explorers likely beat the Europeans there—by about 1,000 Society of New Zealand. years! Researchers in New Zealand say old records and oral histories of the Māori point to them reaching Antarctica 12 WERE THE MAORI REALLY FIRST? centuries before the rest of the world. From The Guardian Christchurch, New Zealand aori might have been the first to discover Antarctica, Mwith connections to the icy continent and its surrounding oceans stretching back to the seventh century, researchers say. A new paper by University of Otago combines literature and oral histories, and concludes that Maori were likely the first people to explore Antarctica’s surrounding waters and possibly the continent in the distance. They write that Maori and Polynesian journeys to the deep south have been occurring for a long time, perhaps as far back as the 7th century, and are recorded in a variety of oral traditions.

©Lorraine Kourafas The oral histories of Maori groups Ngti Rrua and Te ti Antarctic icebergs Awa say that the first human to travel to Antarctica was the The Māori are the indigenous Polynesian people of New Polynesian explorer Hui Te Rangiora. Zealand; a nation which sits off the coast of Australia. Study “Polynesian narratives of voyaging between the islands authors say after going through both published literature and include voyaging into antarctic waters by Hui Te Rangiora

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and his crew on the vessel Te Ivi o Atea, likely in the early seafaring, and exploration. In Māori oral histories, seventh century,” the researchers wrote. exploration of the Antarctic waters stretches back to the 7th They named that ocean Te tai-uka-a-pia—the frozen century, predating European arrival on the continent by over ocean, with “pia” referring to arrowroot, which when scraped a thousand years. A recent report in the Journal of the Royal looks like snow. Society of New Zealand aims to bring to light the oft-ignored Records of polynesian oral histories from 1899 describe contributions of the Māori people to Antarctic voyages. the journey, recalling “the monstrous seas; the female that Led by Dr. Priscilla Wehi, the team sought to research dwells in those mountainous waves, whose tresses wave and publicize the long connection between the Māori and the about in the water and on the surface of the sea, the frozen waters south of New Zealand, of which the Māori are the sea of arrowroot, with the deceitful animal of the sea who indigenous inhabitants. In a statement, Wehi said, “Taking dives to great depths—a foggy, misty and dark place not seen account of responsibilities to under-represented groups, and by the sun. Other things are like rocks, whose summits pierce particularly Māori as Treaty partners, is important for both the skies, they are completely bare and without vegetation on contemporary and future programs of Antarctic research, as them.” well as for future exploration of New Zealand‘s obligations S.P. Smith, who recorded the oral histories, said that the within the Antarctic Treaty System.” The team's report helps stories might describe Southern Ocean bull-kelp, marine repair the biased narrative of exploration and to highlight the mammals, and icebergs. knowledge found in oral history and “grey literature” Later, Maori sailor Te Atu is often described as the first (research outside of conventional academic venues). Maori, as well as the first New Zealander, to view the coast of Antarctica in 1840. His trip on the Vincennes mapped Antarctica coastline as part of the US Exploring Expedition. Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev are often credited as the first explorers to have discovered the continent of Antarctica. In 1820, they came upon the Fimbul Ice Shelf. “We found connection to Antarctica and its waters have been occurring since the earliest traditional voyaging,” project lead Priscilla Wehi said. “Taking account of responsibilities to under-represented groups, and particularly Maori, is important for both contemporary and future programs of antarctic research.” The researchers also conducted a review of ongoing Photos from Frederic Zana/Shutterstock Maori involvement with, and journeys to, Antarctica. Vivid photo of rare flipped iceberg in Antarctic waters “Narratives of under-represented groups and their connection to Antarctica remain poorly documented and The report presents some fascinating early examples of acknowledged,” the researchers wrote. Māori voyages. Oral history of the Ngāti Rārua people tells The paper entitled “A short scan of Maori journeys to of Ui-te-Rangiora (also known as Hui Te Rangiora), a 7th- Antarctica” was published in the Journal of the Royal Society century Polynesian navigator from Rarotonga, in the modern of New Zealand. Cook Islands. This early explorer is said to have reached the Southern or Antarctic Ocean, a band of ocean surrounding the New Report Details Māori Sailors’ History continent. The navigator encountered snow and icebergs, With Antarctica That Long Predates potentially reaching the Ross Ice Shelf on the edge of Antarctica. European Exploration Even with the arrival of European explorers, Māori By Madeleine Muzdakis expertise was valued despite the discrimination leveled at the 15 June 2021 indigenous communities. A navigator named Te Atu helped map the Antarctic coastline in 1840 on the United States Exploring Expedition. In the 20th century, Ray Heke served as Clerk of Works and foreman on the 1955–1958 Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition led by Sir Edmund Hillary to the South Pole. These are just a few examples of Māori exploration, which deserve more uropean explorers “discovered” Antarctica in the 1820s. attention. Post-age of exploration, the authors of the report EHowever, they were likely not the first navigators to sail hope that more and more Māori Antarctic scientists will the frigid waters of the southern Pacific Ocean. The people of contribute their knowledge and experiences to the age of the islands of Polynesia have a rich history of navigation, scientific enquiry on the remote continent.

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Maori Antarctic Presence Claim Dunedin-trained Whanganui doctor Louis Hauiti Potaka By Mike Houlahan —the fifth Maori medical graduate—was ship’s doctor on a News Dunedin US expedition led by Rear-admiral Richard Byrd in 1934, Maori likely explored Antarctic waters centuries before and set out for the Ice from Port Chalmers. Dr Potaka died a European navigators and have maintained a close connection year later, an event, which made national news, and was with the frozen continent since, an Otago researcher says. posthumously awarded the US Congressional Medal. "Not only were Polynesian ancestors traversing the Pacific for thousands of years but after reaching the Cook Islands and Aotearoa there are these other oral traditions of how people also voyaged through the southern oceans", conservation biologist Associate Prof Cilla Wehi said.

Photo: ODT files Dunedin-trained doctor Louis Hauiti Potaka (right) is greeted by Captain A.L. Nelson, after Dr Potaka boarded Discovery at Port Chalmers in February

1934, on the way to Antartica. By Davide Riboni "There are huge waves and really difficult environmental Maori warrior penguin conditions, and they brought back those stories of that Maori also figured in Sir Edmund Hillary’s Common experience." wealth trans-Antarctic expedition and had taken a variety of Dr Wehi and five colleagues have charted the history of roles on the continent since, Dr Wehi said. Maori journeys to the Ice in an article newly published in the "One of the things that we wanted to show in this paper is Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. Their article that Maori participation in the Antarctic has been ongoing for begins with stories dating back to the 7th century, which a very long time. speak of “rocks that grow out from the sea”, and dark places "I think both curiosity and intelligence lead us to explore not seen by the sun. There was also archaeological evidence and wonder what is over the next horizon ... Maori were very on the subantarctic islands, which supported claims Maori observant of the world they lived in and watched the whales reached deep southern waters, Dr Wehi said. and albatrosses and their migrations across the Pacific, right "Some people might say I don’t know how reliable oral down to Antarctica." tradition is, but the fact there is other forms of evidence as well can give us great confidence that the experiences that are Can The Māori Connection To Antarctica embedded in that oral tradition are based on reality." As well as voyages recorded only in oral tradition and Help Safeguard The Continent’s Future? carvings, the authors recount more conventionally By Gemma Tarlach documented trips such as Ngai Tahu Stewart Island whaler 18 June 2021 William Joss’ cruise aboard the Norwegian whaler Antarctic ndigenous ties to the bottom of the world go back more in 1894, and fellow whaler Buddy Willa’s part in a similar Ithan a millennium, and could point the way forward. Norse expedition in the 1920s.

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framework or, rather, a very old one. In New Zealand, a group of scientists, historians, and other scholars are asking the global community to consider how the first known people to explore the region viewed it, and how their traditions might guide its future.

Getty Images A Māori waka, or canoe, similar to the vessel Tamarereti A carved post, or pouwhenua, erected at New Zealand's might have used to explore southern waters. Scott Base in 2013, overlooks the Ross Ice Shelf. “Imperialist narratives are all about sighting a place first, IT WAS A STRANGE PLACE: the edge of a frozen ocean charting it, sticking a flag in it,” says Billy van Uitregt, who with mountainous waves and bare rock summits that pierced focuses on environmental and social policies at Wellington’s the sky. Creatures dove deep into the dark waters. As Victoria University. Van Uitregt is a coauthor of the waka, or dugout canoe, sliced through this cold sea, its a commentary recently published in Nature Ecology & crew noticed a woman’s long tresses floating in the waves Evolution that outlines ways traditional Indigenous concepts around them. Such details, preserved for nearly 1,400 years, of stewardship and connection could inform the management come from a tale of exploration by the Polynesian navigator and protection of Antarctica. “Our work maps a conversation Hui te Rangiora, who set out from Rarotonga, the largest of that shifts the narrative to be one not about establishing the South Pacific’s Cook Islands, around the year 650. His connection to assert right, but to understand our intended destination is unclear—perhaps New Zealand, 2,000 responsibilities.” miles to the southwest, or maybe he was following migrating Sandy Morrison, who was not part of the recent whales—but what we know is this: Hui te Rangiora and his commentary, echoes its sentiment. “Physical sciences and crew arrived in unfamiliar waters. He named the place Te tai- Indigenous knowledge systems must work together to find uka-a-pia, translated as “frozen ocean” or “sea foaming with solutions,” says Morrison, who is acting dean for the arrowroot” (the rhizome’s flesh resembles snow), and University of Waikato’s Māori and Indigenous Studies returned home with descriptions of what are believed to be program. She is currently collecting oral histories about icebergs, marine mammals, and bull kelp floating in Antarctic exploration. “We are not just thinking of Antarctica subantarctic and Antarctic waters. as an ecosystem within itself, but as an ecosystem that Around the 13th century, as waves of Māori groups from connects to the wider Pacific Ocean and land within it. East Polynesia settled the islands of New Zealand, the Everything is interconnected.” seafarer Tamarereti also sailed far to the south, and witnessed Details of the earliest known voyages to the Southern the aurora australis, or southern lights. Like Hui te Rangiora’s Ocean live on today in mātauranga Māori, “knowledge and experience, Tamarereti’s journey, along with navigational wisdom that’s passed down from our ancestors, that’s all and astronomical knowledge of the greater Antarctic region, around us, that we can take in and pass on to our is preserved in Māori carving, weaving, and oral traditions. descendants,” says Jacinta Beckwith, a former mātauranga Archaeological research on subantarctic islands confirms a Māori librarian at the University of Otago who coauthored human presence going back to at least the 14th century, and both the Nature Ecology & Environment commentary, possibly much earlier. Yet, for decades, the names most published in May, and an overview of Māori connections to closely associated with Antarctic discovery have been Antarctica, published in June in the Journal of the Royal European: Scott, Amundsen, and Shackleton. Society of New Zealand. In addition to oral histories, she Thanks to the 1959 Antarctic Treaty, which designated notes that the voyages of Hui te Rangiora, Tamarereti, and that the seventh continent be used exclusively for peaceful others have been preserved in intricate carvings called toi purposes, including scientific research, Antarctica enjoys whakairo and woven tukutuku panels. “It’s another way of special status. But the framework of that status was designed storing knowledge, before the written word,” says Beckwith. and implemented by the same Western nations that raced Morrison adds that there is also an ancient haka, still south to plant their flags on its icy expanse; some countries chanted today, that describes early exploration of the and industries still see Antarctica and the surrounding Antarctic region. “It speaks to the journey of Hui te Rangiora Southern Ocean as resources to be mined, fished, and to an area where it is cold, and where the landscape (includes) otherwise claimed. Now, a growing chorus calls for a new spiky, mountain-like geographical features,” she says.

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will inform future policies. The Antarctic Treaty first signed in 1959 will likely be reviewed around 2050, and other protections, such as proposed or expanded restrictions on fishing and other activities, continue to be put forth.

Photo credit: Josh Landis NSF The Ross Sea is home to icebergs of all sizes, including many that might appear as landmasses to explorers at water level. Archaeological sites on the subantarctic islands scattered between New Zealand and Antarctica corroborate that Chris Michel, Wikimedia humans spent time in the area long before Captain James Several penguin species call Antarctic ecosystem home. Cook and Resolute crossed the Antarctic Circle in the 1770s. The team behind the commentary believes the key to On Enderby Island, about 300 miles south of New Zealand, safeguarding Antarctica lies in seeing it through the lens of Polynesian seafarers and their dogs spent at least one summer Indigenous values, such as the Māori concept of at Sandy Bay in the 13th or 14th century, leaving behind kaitiakitanga, a kind of stewardship that “represents one way bones of the seals, sea lions, and birds, including penguins, in which human-human and human-environment that they ate. More than 500 miles southeast of New Zealand, relationships and responsibilities are negotiated and on Antipodes Island, pottery shards found in the 19th regulated,” says coauthor Krushil Watene, philosopher and century—undated but ancient in design—suggest an even associate professor at Auckland’s Massey University. earlier presence in the region. Watene, whose work focuses on sustainability and the While an early Indigenous presence in Antarctica is well- importance of Indigenous and other local communities in documented in Polynesian oral histories and art, particularly charting change worldwide, adds that concepts such as within Māori traditions, these stories remain mostly unknown kaitiakitanga are not rigid. They developed, after all, within a to the global audience. The team behind the recent Nature seafaring culture accustomed to changeable conditions, Ecology & Evolution commentary, and its companion “adapting to different environments as they traveled across historical overview, hope to change that. It’s part of a recent the Pacific,” she says. These millennia-old concepts retain New Zealand government initiative, Vision Mātauranga, to “the ability to incorporate new ideas and innovative foster greater connectivity between scientific and Indigenous methodologies in fundamentally different situations.” knowledge systems and traditions. Conservation biologist Priscilla Wehi leads the initiative, and the team behind both recent papers. The team’s proposals include exploring legal personhood for the continent; over the last decade, as part of an effort to protect and preserve, New Zealand has granted legal personhood status to the Whanganui River, Mount Taranaki, and other culturally significant and environmentally threatened natural features within its borders. The designation means that appointed guardians, including local Māori communities, have legal authority to act in the entity’s best interests, including restricting development and other commercial use. Securing the same status for Antarctica, Polynesians explored the Pacific centuries before which does not legally belong to any nation, would represent Europeans in sailing boats a much bigger challenge. Beckwith agrees: “Thinking of ourselves as kaitiaki While a campaign for legal personhood for the continent [guardians], we don’t own the space, but we care for the remains theoretical, Wehi and her colleagues hope their call space for those who come after us.” to reframe how Antarctica is seen by the global community While cooperation and interconnection are concepts written into the 1959 treaty, in reality, policies about

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Antarctica’s conservation and management are still decided by the signatory nations, which each tend to act in their own interests. Russia and China in particular have tried to circumvent the treaty, attempting to expand or initiate fishing and mining operations claimed as research projects, and have resisted establishment of marine reserves and other protected areas. Recentering Antarctica in an Indigenous framework, including legal personhood, could, say the commentary coauthors, finally elevate management of the continent above the fray of sovereign nations jostling for their slice of the landmass and surrounding waters.

Marios doing war dance Kahuroa

The seventh continent is also a bellwether for broader questions, says Watane. “Antarctica holds up a mirror of our priorities and values. We need to be honest about what we see, and that we need to be courageous enough to change the way we’re relating to that place, to all that it contains,” she says. “These are issues of justice—for communities, the rich network of nonhuman species, and for future generations.”

Gemma Tarlach In spring, moving sea ice collides with the edge of the Ross Ice Shelf, creating towering ice formations known as pressure ridges. Who stuck the trail flag in the moving ice? Wehi and her team, and other scholars, including Morrison, believe protection and responsible management of Antarctica, informed by Indigenous traditions and values, is

more important than ever in the face of climate change. Maori boat Antarctica is often described as a leading indicator for interconnected climate challenges, such as increased temperatures and sea level rise, and the alarms of this early warning system have been blaring for a while. “What is happening in Antarctica gives us a lot of information about how the future climate might change,” says Wehi. “Ultimately, what happens in Antarctica will affect all of us, and especially those of us living in low-lying coastal areas.”

Gemma Tarlach Weddell seals are commonly spotted close to New Zealand’s Scott Base, where the Ross Ice Shelf Photo by Nick Golledge meets open water in summer. Who visited Antarctica first? Maori may have visited Antarctic before Europeans, researchers say. Pictured For Wehi, who has done field research in Antarctica, her is Renegar Glacier in East Antarctica. mission to help bridge the past, present, and future of the

E X P L O R E R ‘ S G A Z E T T E V O L U M E 21, I S S U E 2 A P R  J U M 2 0 2 1 continent is both personal and highly collaborative. “For means ‘stories passed down.’” By its very nature, the work is myself, Antarctica feels elemental, and stripped back, where open-ended. “There is no timeline,” she says. “When one we as humans are a very small part of the web of life,” she gathers traditional stories, and works with tribal communities, says. “We are still learning about the importance of then it is a never-ending journey.” Antarctica in Māori traditions. I am looking forward to other It’s a journey, and a conversation, that’s long overdue for researchers and tribal groups sharing their narratives and a global audience. “In the Māori world, a famous saying connections—this is just the start of the conversation.” speaks about walking into the future backward,” says Wehi. Morrison is also continuing a parallel project to gather “Knowing and understanding the past informs how we go oral narratives about Antarctica, or “kōrero tuku iho, which forward.”

Photo by Jim Eagles Ice in Paradise Harbor. Polynesians first to discover Antarctica, not news to Māori, A study by New Zealand researchers found that Polynesians may have been the first to discover the Earth's southernmost continent, Antarctica, dating back to the seventh century.

Photo credit: Elanti Media New Zealand researchers at Castle Rock Ross Island, Antarctica on February 9, 2019.

E X P L O R E R ‘ S G A Z E T T E V O L U M E 21, I S S U E 2 A P R  J U M 2 0 2 1 Feedback & LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Billy: I read in the Gazette where Capt. Arthur S. Poole passed away in February. I served with him in MCB One Det. Romeo at New Byrd Station. He was an Ensign at the time and made LTJG when we got back to Davis- ville in 62. He was a fine officer and a very good man. Every one liked him. On another note I’ll be sending you a group picture of the New Byrd crew. I just went over today and had a photo made and if you could give me your address again I’ll send it to you. Ensign Poole is in it. I hope all is well with you, and I’ll try and get that Picture to you. Also I really enjoy the Gazette. David O. Hart [email protected]

Editor’s Note: When I received Captain Poole’s obit there was not enough info in it to determine what unit he served with when he was in Antarctica. So I really appreciate email like this from someone who served with the deceased OAE. I received the group photo that David had made and I got the photo of Poole from the MCB1 DF-62 Cruse Book. David’s boot camp photo LTJG Poole

New Byrd Construction crew

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Billy-Ace, Editor’s Note: I remember Chaddy very well and I just got a note from Pete Underwood (VXE6) speaking of exchanging things I traded him a that New Zealand WO1 (SGM) Eddie Chadwick pair of my CPO collar devices for his Sergeant "Chaddy" has passed away. Major wrist device. See below. Chaddy’s death We worked together during my tenure in DF and notice is in this issue of the Gazette on page 27. he sponsored me to events (ARMY) in Christchurch every Season. We did a lot of exchanging things, etc and had stayed in contact these many years. Jerry Schleining [email protected]

Chaddy’s New Zealand SGM wrist device

Chaddy (far left) shaking hands

From the NSFA DF-77 Cruise Book Captain Fields Royal New Zealand Army and CWO Chaddy Chadwick Royal New Zealand Army

Billy-Ace, I too have several Kiwis Army devices from him, including a Service Belt, etc. Chaddy was a real kick. I was introduced to him in CHCH upon arrival. He took me out to Wigham Army Base where I attended a Kiwi Dining In! We traded a ton of stuff over the years. In fact, on my second deployment, I went to an US Army QM Store and got a list of things for Chaddy. Later he introduced me to "SGM Pat Dillion" who was the only surviving NZ Army AD "Victorian Cross" holder (I think that's like the MOH). I think about my Second Visitation? We attended a "Kiwi Celebration of Sorts" I can't recall the occasion, but it involved a New Zealand Holiday, Buried a Pig and more Kiwi Piss than the Law Allowed...that was a Party? On balance, Chaddy was a hard working guy, who commanded his detail on the Ice with Rule. His down time was party time with his Mates/Kiwis on the ICE. I kept in contact with him over the years. We shared a lot of conversation and good times. He Chaddy giving thumbs up to his fish and chips. really was a great man. Jerry Schleining

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Aloha Billy-Ace, BA: Another fabulous edition of the Explorer’s On the Donor page in the last Gazette, Bob Gazette! However bad the news, I appreciate the Connor should have been Silver Adelie level vs update on the RV Hero. Gold. He jumped up two categories with a single I very much enjoyed THE R4D PILOTS OF thousand-dollar donation. I am going to send him an OPERATION DEEP FREEZE II article. I do e-mail letting him know that it will be corrected in a recognize all of their names, having read them many future edition. times. Their photos and brief bios are very Have a good day. informative. Thanks for all of your hard work Ed Hamblin assembling this article! [email protected] Bruce De Wald [email protected] Editor’s Note: Before the Donor page was drafted I created a Silver Adelie plaque design Editor’s Note: I appreciate your letter. I was look- for Bob Conner, however the trophy shop that ing for an excuse to published a photo of Que makes patches, plaques, and so forth for the Sera Sera wintering-over and all covered with OAEA has been closed due to the COVID snow. This will fit the bill. Pandemic. Hopefully they will reopen soon so I can get the plaque made and maybe I will get the Donor page right this year.

Photo from William May collection ETC Bill May next to R4D Que Sera Sera during the winter of DF-III at Little America V.

Hi Mr. Baker: I just looked over the latest OAEA newsletter and was very impressed. I think it's wonderful that you're able to get all this together. I appreciate you including the "article" about my desire to be contacted by individuals who knew my brother, Freddy. I've already had one call from Dan Evans, and we had a very nice conversation. Bob’s Donor plague design

There is a correction, if you can just repost my new Morning Billy, member information in the next newsletter. My name I found this old picture in my is correct, and I am the NOK, but my brother's name archives, might be the dragon was not Bill Knight—it was Freddy Knapp. Not sure slayer. where Bill Knight came from. Thanks for making this I can’t remember what he correction, if, and when, you can. originally looked like, but this may Sincerely, be the 2020 version. Ace the Jan Knight dragon killer From:[email protected] Bob Gaboury Editor’s Note: Please do NOT call me Mr. I was a [email protected] Chief! Thanks for your kind comments on the Gazette. I will put your atta boy and the Editor’s Note: I received the above email and correction in the Apr-Jun Letters to the Editor. It picture from Gabby before he passed away. At is my bad that the error crept in, but I don't know the time I did not have any room in he Gazette how it happened. for the picture, but here it is now.

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B-A, Billy-Ace The obituary for George Rooney said that he I have just read the Explorers Gazette. A fantas- made two Antarctic cruises on the Glacier. His tic publication and congratulations to all concerned. OAEA membership data only says 1955-56, which The Gazette is packed with much interesting tells me he was on the Glacier for DF-I. Did he return information, which also details many areas of to the Ice in DF-II with the Glacier? interest to me. I can see already, that I will be getting Marty Diller much enjoyment from my membership. [email protected] Thank you for mentioning my hut "Framheim"—so named, as it was completed 110 years to the day, Editor’s Note: I have copies of the Glacier DF-I when Roald Amundsen erected his base at the Bay and DF-II cruise books. There are no rosters in of Whales. either book but there are group photos of the I am currently researching the Possession Departments in both books. George F. Rooney Islands in the Ross Sea. Of particular interest is EM1 is listed in the DF-I book, but NO Rooney in the whereabouts of the chart for USS Edisto (later the DF-II book. USCGC Northwind) and the landing made in This happens often when family members February 1956, at the time that the site for the IGY write obits based on sea stories they have heard Hallett Station was found. If any OAEA members from the OAE. Instead of saying he was on DF-I were there, it would be good to hear from them. This he would probably have said he was in DF 1955- is for a further article for the New Zealand Antarctic 56—thus two times. It's part of the Baker's Laws Society magazine Antarctic. Previous articles of Antarctica syndrome. Just like saying that he focused on the Balleny Islands and Scott Island. was with Admiral Byrd. Kind regards David Harrowfield Hello Sir: [email protected] I am the editor of Irish Philately, the journal of the Irish Philatelic Circle (published 3 time a year) Editor’s Note: I am a little confused. The USS I was sent a link to your journal by my colleague Edisto was in Antarctica during DF-II (1956-57) Hal Vogel and I was very intrigued by the article by and the USCGC Northwind was there during Martha Brennan on the 100 Year Old Postcard. DF-III (1957-58). I would be honored to reprint this article in our August issue of Irish Philately. We have several members with strong interests in Polar Philately and they would be very interested in this article. Please let me know your thoughts on the matter Thank you Robert Benninghoff [email protected] [email protected]

Editor’s Note: I received the article about the 100-year-old postcard via Google News. I receive news from Google about Antarctic related stories. The OAEA is a not for profit organization so we are allowed to republish articles as long USS Edisto as we give credit to the author. The only pictures that I used from the original article are those of the postcard. I got the remainder from my personal collection or by searching the Internet. The bottom line is that you are welcome to reprint the article from the Explorer's Gazette. By the way there was a bit and a photo of an Antarctic cover in the Locator Column of the same issue.

USCGC Northwind

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THE RANK & PRESTIGE OF BECOMING A UNITED STATES NAVY CHIEF PETTY OFFICER Edited & Compiled by Billy-Ace Baker At the end, when the "Chiefs Creed was Read" we all got Editor’s Note: On 1 April Command Sergeant Major a little "Mist in the Eye" it was damn well done and full of Jerry Schleining, US Army (Retired) sent an email History and Naval Pride. I hung my Chief's Certificate on my greeting wishing happy birthday to fellow US Navy Chief Office Walls at every Post and Assignment after DF, until Petty Officers. No it wasn’t an April Fools joke. When Retirement. For an Army Guy it was a great conversation Jerry was on the ice in 1976 he was initiated as a CPO. piece; that certificate, the Navy MUC and having the ICE MEDAL was a consistent point of "Explanation to those less informed"! To this day, I maintain my "Chief Certificate" on my "War Room Wall" with great pride. HONORARY INITIATION From Jerry Schleining ’m glad to hear that you remember the event. It was for me a great time and place. I enjoyed the "Process and fell I in Step with the Demands, Frivolity, and Seriousness of the Invitation"... Never as a SNCO in the Army did I ever suffer such humiliation and degradation!!!! Damn, it was fun. I have photos in my "Deep Freeze Book" of the initiation party.

Schleining from the DF-77 Schleining at the NSFA Cruise Book 2018 Reunion

Jerry’s Certificate dated 5 January 1976

I once told the Commanding General of the 5th Infantry Division, (when he asked about how I acquired the Navy Awards); most Army folks assumed I was Prior Service in the Navy. I simply told him that I was the Senior ARMY Non Commissioned Officer of an entire Continent (Antarctica) from 1975–78! ... The balance of my Career, the Awards were always a matter of question wherever I was posted; Jerry Schleining paying for his initiation charges.

E X P L O R E R ‘ S G A Z E T T E V O L U M E 21, I S S U E 2 A P R  J U M 2 0 2 1 which of course required me to tell a few "Sea Stories'' and push the flame of the lighter up thru the Hole so he could address the "Professional and Dedicated Sailors" I served light his cigarette! Hence, "Knock, then Light"... this goes on with... I know there have been many other joint services for a while, then comes a Knock and Someone yells members "Initiated as CPOs in the NAVY". I just took the Fire...whereupon a Bucket of water is poured thru the holes ... whole experience personally. Thanks Billy-Ace for the guess who gets soaked? reminder. Among those being initiated were two US Coast Guard Sailors from one of the icebreakers. I’m not sure but I think it was the USCGC Burton Island. The fellow with me was a Kiwi Sergeant by the name of “Lucky”. I can’t remember his last name. The balance of those being initiated were from VXE6 and NSFA.

Looks like Lucky is getting ready to moon everyone. The cartoon that Jerry sent out on the CPO Birthday

Jerry far right with one of the other initiatee in the center. (“Lucky”?). What are they doing? I think they are in a big wooden crate. See below.

It’s called the Jumpers Doggie House. I thought it was full of water, but I can’t remember. In the photos George is ordering me into the Jumpers box with a provided BIC lighter, the lid of the box had holes in The Navy Chief as seen through the eyes of others. it! The directive was, when a Chief knocks on the Box, you

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The fun and games are over, so Jerry gets ready to blow his horn and then he blows it! Being the Army Guy... He had to Play "Charge and Reveille" on the "Piss Jerry and Lucky. Tube Horn"...

By Ray Hall Its called The Antarctic Cocktail . . . You use equal parts of brandy, ethyl alcohol, Old Moe, and Mennen’s Skin Bracer

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BMCS JOSEPH WORLEY Comments By Billy-Ace Baker According to Jerry: “I too, had bailed & Jerry Schleining Joe out of at least two memorable Who was Joe Worley? events. Plus I stood in an UCMJ Joe was a Boatswain Mate Senior Chief investigation he and a few of us were who worked in the Naval Support Force involved with in Christchurch... Antarctica Terminal Operations Depart- Joe was a one-man floor show. He ment. put on mini bar shows and A little known fact; is that Joe was a demonstrations at the "Dirty Duck" PBR Sailor in Vietnam, where he was almost nightly. He also, got in more awarded the Navy Cross among his many fights than anyone I'd ever seen in the decorations. US Military! It was a tasking job to keep I remember that when something came him out of trouble.” up about Joe winning the Navy Cross he Here are two photo's of Joe and some would always tell the story that he was of the Kiwi's we worked with in reaching into the engine well of the patrol Christchurch. boat trying to find his bottle of booze. The one of "Us" at the Flag Pole was Unknown to Joe that about the same time on the occasion of the USA 1776th some Viet Cong tossed a grenade into the Anniversary. We did a "Joint Flag boat and the grenade got into his way so he Raising" at the DF AirPort Facility. grabbed it and threw it out of the boat and it exploded on the river bank. A good story but I never really believed it.

Joe is on the far left in the middle row

US Navy Riverine Patrol Boat I knew that Joe was a PBR sailor. He was a good friend of my family. Once Flo had to go get him out of jail for drunk driving when he was coming back to Port Hueneme after visiting his sister Jo Anne Worley the movie star. When Flo got to the Police Station in Santa Monica Joe was entertaining the cops and charges were dropped, but that’s another story. Anyway Flo had a hard time getting him to leave so she could take him back to Port Hueneme and get home to the kids and me. And the cops were having so much fun that they didn’t want to see Joe leave either According to Jerry he knew Joe was a good friend of Flo's. In fact, Joe introduced them at the Port Hueneme Package Liquor Store (Class 6 Store in Army talk) where Flo The flag raising ceremony includes two Kiwi Sergeants was the manager. (NZ: Army & AF), Joe, a US AF Sergeant, and Schleining. Couldn't find a Marine to round out the Armed Forces Representation...

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JOE’S SISTER: JO ANNE WORLEY

About: Boisterous performer who was featured on Rowan The Broadway production of The Wizard of Oz musical. and Martin's Laugh-In. Her voice acting credits include A Above photo from left to right: Jo Anne Worley, Eartha Goofy Movie and Beauty and the Beast. Kitt, and Mickey Rooney.

Before Fame: In 1965, she started her own nightclub act in Greenwich Village, which led her to become discovered by MORE WORDS FROM JERRY’S MOUTH actor Merv Griffin. One day, I'll have to tell the story of Joe’s Broken Arm and

Trivia: Her first musical role was in a 1961 production of how that almost ended his career. Not sure if the Statue of Wonderful Town. Limitations has worn out, but that was the closest Joe came to losing his career. Family Life: She was married to Roger Perry from 1975 until I think Joe had as many enemies as fans. I recall when I 2000. got to the ICE; I had this "Worley Kinda Stigma" from being

Associated With: In 1999 she played a role in The Wizard of his running mate in ChCh! Everyone knew Joe Worley in Oz, Jo Anne played the Wicked Witch of the West and some fashion or another. Mickey Rooney played The Wizard. I found Joe's Naval Personality was "Totally Navy". He was a strong Navy supporter and loved it dearly. On a personal level, he didn't take a lot of BS from most anyone. Very quick to tell someone to "Buzz Off" and simply state his position regardless, Officer, NCO, or Civilian. I recall one of his favorites when someone called him Chief; He would reply: "Does it hurt your mouth to say SENIOR CHIEF"! Joe made Master Chief while on Recruiting Duty...I can only guess, but I'd bet he was an all-star recruiter; outgoing, articulate and simply looked the part. I lost contact with him when I was in Europe post Deep Freeze. He was a most memorable sailor and friend. I recall Joe's car as being "Fitting to his Persona and international character"... I can't recall his Home Port girl friends name, but she was "Special" too, often at our quarters in Camarillo with Joe...or out and about in the area clubs. They used to hang out in the "Whales Tale" in Hueneme. Joe and old actor John Caradine (Grapes of Wrath, etc) were drinking buddies there. John was Older than Baseball and had arthritis so bad in his hands, they looked like "Claws". Joe and him would get loaded, then in typical fashion; Joe would stand up at the Bar and announce that John was now going to play the piano for them and they all needed to pay attention! John could hardly hold his drink! I met Joe's sister Jo Anne on several occasions. She was as wacko as Joe and just as foul mouthed. But it was always fun to be in her and his company; you just never knew what

No—You can’t have my feather duster! was coming next. Once, Joe took us to her House in

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Hollywood, for a party. She was married to a producer/actor (I want to say his name was Perry something?) There were several, TV and movie folks there... Joe of course was a "centerpiece" at these affairs as he was "that one man show". I have several photos of Jo Anne and autographs. She was as "nuts as he was" and just as funny. She came to the Chiefs Club in Home Port a few times. Once, she got into it with the Master at Arms at the door over her "Dogs"—she told him to call her brother, who she was waiting to meet there—and sort this out! When she told the MAAs Joe's name the guy all but gave her the building! Joe took no prisoners when it came to his sister or friends. I sincerely believe there were a select few of the Chiefs in DF that were "afraid of Joe" on a personal level. He was something special for sure?

Jo Anne and her husband Roger Perry

I think Jerry meant that Jo Anne was as fruity as Joe. Jo Anne sitting on a park bench

I really thought nametags would help in telling us apart.

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A N T A R C T I C A D V E N T U R E S

Written by Yolonda Washington

Journey and her mother Yolonda

P A R T E I G H T “Lights, Camera, Action” Kudos to all of you with the great cameras and setups because this is where the digital age can fail you if you don’t Entering Kodak Alley! have good equipment. Sometimes the old technology took the

oday our ship, the MV Ortelius, sailed into one of the best photos. BUT I CONTEND…forget all that…. JUST T most beautiful places on earth! OPEN YOUR EYES and take it all in! The best pictures to be taken are right behind your eyelids! No filters, no do- dads, just open your eyes and LOOK! Put the camera down, or you are going to miss it. We all encouraged each other to get from behind the lens for just a moment.

 See it,  Breathe it,  Absorb it.

View from the mast of the Ortelius. I am not kidding you; this place has the most spectacular scenery. If you don’t believe in something higher than yourself, you will now because this is one of those places where God is “showing off”! Lemaire Channel, aptly nicknamed “Kodak Alley.” For those of you who remember Kodak Cameras and how they were utilized to catch the most magical moments of life, you can see why this nickname is very appropriate.

Teen with the tech! Lemaire Channel is Gorgeous! Word and pictures do not do it justice. It is clear, clean, and awesome to behold. Breathtaking. We all stepped out onto the ship deck, ventured out in zodiacs and kayaks to take it all in. The expedition teams dropped us off within the narrow channel we paddled

Venturing into Kodak Alley (Lemaire Channel). around icebergs and brush ice. Initially, it was a cold headwind, but the conditions were terrific as soon as we

E X P L O R E R ‘ S G A Z E T T E V O L U M E 21, I S S U E 2 A P R  J U M 2 0 2 1 turned downwind. We could feel the currents and eddies and were stunned by the movement of the ice. Most stunning were the enormous mountains of the Lemaire. Conditions were good inside the narrow channels of the Argentine Islands. We also found a lot of wildlife. We were in close contact with Skuas, Fur Seals, and Crabeater Seals. They were as interested in us as we were in them.

Shipmates enjoying the Lemaire Channel. Lemaire Channel is a strait off Antarctica, between Kiev Peninsula in the mainland's Graham Land and Booth Island. Nicknamed "Kodak Alley" by some, it is one of Hi folks? Welcome! Enjoy my home. the top tourist destinations in Antarctica; steep cliffs My daughter Journey and I had the most wonderful time. hem in the iceberg-filled passage, which is 11 km long We were in our zodiac, was just gliding with the current as and just 1,600 metres wide at its narrowest point. It we viewed the enormous mountains. By not creating a wake, was first seen by the German expedition of 1873-74, we were able to see the mirror reflection into the channel but not traversed until December 1898, when waters. The spectacular shades of white, black, and gray, all the Belgica of the Belgian Antarctic Expedition passed through. Expedition leader Adrien de Gerlache named harmoniously on display. We sailed past small and immense it for Charles Lemaire (1863-1925. The channel has icebergs, some retreating into the waters. On more than one since become a standard part of the itinerary occasion, we viewed 90% of the iceberg beneath the surface. for cruising in Antarctica; not only is it scenic, but the And we searched out and found excellent specimens of rare protected waters are usually as still as a lake, a rare blue ice—the kind formed by compressed ice and the kind occurrence in the storm-wracked southern seas, and created by the Rayleigh Scattering Effect. Journey got up the north-south traverse delivers vessels close close and personal with the environment, hanging over the to Petermann Island for landings. The principal side of the zodiac. difficulty is that icebergs may fill the channel, especially in early season, obliging a ship to backtrack and go around the outside of Booth Island to reach Petermann.

Hanging over the side of the zodiac. I surmise these are where the photos we see in multimedia advertising and showing pictures of Antarctica and Icebergs were initially taken here. The views are fantastic and so complete. Zodiac voyager into Kodak Alley

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Gorgeous mountain

Mirror reflection in the pristine water

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Absolutely gorgeous …on both sides

Blue ice (Rayleigh Scattering)

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Mountains in Lemaire

Above the clouds

Panoramic view

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BACK ON THE ORTELIUS

hen we returned to the ship, it was “adult beverage time! On one of the zodiac trips into the channel, I Wgathered up a piece of floating iceberg and brought it back to the ship for an “adult beverage.” It tasted so good!!! That melted water had to be over hundreds of thousands of years old.

My taste “Iceberg Beverage”

Author’s Note: I have sent Billy-Ace pictures, but as I said, they do not do justice to seeing it first-hand!

Antarctic Adventures to be continued NEXT ARTICLE: Part Nine: “Zdravstvuyte” that is how you say Hello in Ukrainian!

Editor’s Note: The photos that Yolonda sent to illustrate this article are wonderful. However, I have included one below that she did not send to me. Bring an iceberg piece back to the ship!

Una Peaks, formerly known as Cape Renard Towers, are two towers of basalt, topped by caps of ice, guarding the north entrance to the Lemaire Channel on the Antarctic Peninsula. With the highest summit at 747 meters (2,451 ft). The formation has been long colloquially known as "Una's Tits". The peaks appear on a British Antarctic Territory postage stamp although they are not identified as such. The individual towers are referred to as "buttresses". The tallest tower has only been summited once; this was by a German team in 1999.

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I N M E M O R Y OAE Susan White Allenburger, 74, died on 7 April 2021, in Jackson MS. Susan visited Antarctica as a tourist.

OAE Dr. Marvin Verne Andersen, MD, 89, died on 28 April 2021, in Phoenixville, PA. Marvin served in Antarctica as the ship’s doctor on an icebreaker. Name of ship and dates unknown.

OAE Thomas “Tom” Edward Arnold, 40, died on 20 April 2021, in a rockfall incident in Fiordland New Zealand. Tom joined Antarctica New Zealand in 2009 as a field trainer at Scott Base. He was part of a small group that embarked on an ambitious mission to study the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica in 2013.

OAE John Lee Babcock, 80, died on 12 May 2021, in Mishawaka, IN. John visited Antarctica with his wife as tourists.

OAE Peter Kennard Barber, 73, died on 8 May 2021, in Boston MA. Peter visited Antarctica with his wife as tourists.

OAE Mary Hough Rendall Blair, 89, died on 26 April 2021, in Vero Beach FL. Mary visited Antarctica twice as a tourist.

OAE Larry W. Bonko, 86, longtime reporter and columnist for The Virginian-Pilot, died on 14 May 2021, in Virginia Beach VA. Larry served as a JO2 on the USS Wyandot during DF-I.

OAE Judge Dave Lee Brannon, 68, died on 18 May 2021, in Lake Clarke Shores, FL. Dave deployed to Antarctica as a crewmember on board the USCGC Glacier. Year(s) unknown.

OAE Richard Arsene Breuninger, 83, died on 25 May 2021, in Green Bay WI. During DF-II Richard served on board the USCGC Eastwind.

OAE David Kent Brewer, 75, died on 3 October 2020, in Seattle WA. David visited Antarctica as a tourist.

OAE Sam Jamot Brown, 91, died on 7 January 2021, in Durango, CO. Sam loved to travel and he visited Antarctica as a tourist. When not traveling, he studied myriad subjects, filling bookshelves with the history of some of his favorite adventurers: Hillary, Shackleton, and Amundsen.

OAE Dr. Mary Theodora (nee Stillman) Budnik, 75, died on 8 June 2021, in Poughkeepsie, NY. In 1968 Theo spent a year in Antarctica studying plate tectonics.

OAE Susan Spalding Bull, 84, died on 23 May 2021, at Villa Marin in San Rafael CA. Susan visited Antarctica as a tourist.

OAE Dr. Dale Butler, MD, 81 died on 28 March 2021, in Grass Valley CA. Dale was a US Navy flight surgeon and wintered-over at McMurdo during DF-68.

OAE Cordelia (nee MacPherson) Carroll died on 5 April 2021, in Dover, NH. Cordelia visited Antarctica numerous times as a tourist.

OAE WO1 (SGM) Edwin "Eddie" Chadwick "Chaddy" RNZA (Ret), died on Anzac Day 2021, in New Zealand. Chaddy served in Antarctica with Naval Support Forces Antarctica from DF-76 through DF-79.

OAE Welda LaJean Chaffin, 80, died on 20 April 202, in Lubbock TX. Welda visited Antarctica as a tourist.

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OAE Philip K. Chapman, 85, died on 10 April 2021. Philip was an auroral/radio physicist at Mawson Station, Antarctica, as a member of the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions in 1958. He was the first Australian-born American astronaut and was selected in August 1967 to be a member of Astronaut Group Six, who were primarily scientists rather than pilots. Chapman Ridge is named in his honor.

*OAE HM1 Stephen Lee Church, USN (Ret), 78, died on 19 May 2021, in Allenstown NH. Steve wintered-over at South Pole Station as a hospitalman second class petty officer (HM2) during DF-68.

OAE Helen A Dahlgren, 82, died on 25 May 2021, in Bellingham WA. Helen visited Antarctica as a tourist with her husband Dan. It was a trip of 2½ months on a Russian icebreaker circumnavigating the continent.

OAE Dixie Dansercoer, 58, died on 8 June 2021, in Greenland. Veteran Belgian polar explorer and guide Dixie Dansercoer fell into a crevasse about 250km north of Upernavik, Greenland. His many long-haul polar expeditions included a coast to coast crossing of Antarctica in 1998. Dansercoer and fellow Belgian Alain Hubert manhauled and kite-skied 3,924km in 99 days. In 2011–12, together with Sam Deltour, Dansercoer almost completed a circular, unsupported trajectory around Antarctica (5,013km in 78 days). A sculpture of Dansercoer, called De poolreiziger (the polar traveler) was erected in his former town of Nieuwpoort before one of his Antarctic expeditions.

OAE Robert ‘Bob’ Deery, 87, of Mission Hill, SD, died on 20 May 2021, at Wakonda Heritage Manor in Wakonda, SD. Bob served in Antarctica during DF-I while in the US Navy.

OAE Charles Triplett Dennis, 52, died on 24 June 2021, in Charlottesville, VA. Trip was a naturalist and worked in Antarctica studying seas birds and marine animals. Years unknown.

*OAE James "Jim" L. Dodge Jr., 81, died on 12 June 2021, in Auburn, NH. Jim served on board the USCGC Eastwind during DF-60 as a radarman third class (RD3). Jim was a member of the New England Chapter.

OAE Prince Philip aka the Duke of Edinburgh, 99, died on 9 April 2021, at Windsor Castle in Windsor, UK. Philip led the British Expedition to Antarctica in early January 1957 on board HMY Britannia. It was actually an around the world cruise.

OAE Allen Neal Edwards, USN (Ret), 91, died on 18 March 2021, in Prosser, WA. Allen was on the Para Rescue Team and wintered-over at McMurdo in the VX-6 Det during DF-62 as a Parachute Rigger First Class (PR1).

OAE James Wyndham Evans, 65, died on 1 April 2021, in Moscow, ID. Jim spent several seasons working in Antarctica as a USAP Contractor heavy equipment operator. He also wintered-over at South Pole Station. Year unknown.

OAE LCDR Wayne Lee Farrens, USN (Ret), 75, died on 17 May 2021, in West Richland, WA. Wayne served in Antarctica for several years as an aircrew member. Years unknown.

OAE Chester “Chet” Frankenfield, 87, died on 27 March 2021, in Palo Alto CA. As a US Navy LTJG Chet wintered-over at McMurdo during DF-IV (1958–59). He also served on CTF-43 staff during DF-60. For his effort in establishing an automatic weather station on the Bellingshausen Sea Coast Frankenfield Glacier was named in his honor.

OAE Jeanette Frederickson, 75, died on 22 April 2021, in St. Paul, MN. Jeanette visited Antarctica as a tourist.

OAE Thomas R. Gillis, USAFR (Ret), 68, died on 30 March 2021, in Halfmoon NY. Tom deployed to Antarctica as a member of the Air National Guard. Dates unknown.

OAE David L. Good, 91, of Bethesda, MD and Raymond, ME, died on 28 May 2021, at his Bethesda home. David and his wife Jane visited Antarctica as tourists on a 19-day expedition cruise.

OAE BGEN Harold Eugene Gross, USAF (Ret.), died on 30 March 2021, in Asheville, NC. Tom served in the 63rd Troop Carrier Wing as a pilot and executive officer. During his time with the 63rd, he flew resupply missions to Antarctica. Dates unknown.

James "Jim" Cook Hamilton, 79, died on 1 June 2021, in Sioux City, IA. Jim began his life-long hobby of stamp collecting at the age of 10. Jim published Captain James Cook's Antarctic Voyages, a series of over a dozen articles in Cook's Log (Journal of the Captain Cook Society). Jim recently published Captain James Cook and the Search for Antarctica, an account that brought together details of Cook's three Antarctic Journeys including the stamps that illustrate the voyages.

OAE RMCM William Douglas Hawkins, USN (Ret), 70, died on 19 June 2021, in Nashville TN. Doug wintered-over at McMurdo during DF-88 where he was the Assistant Officer In Charge.

OAE Carol June Hintze, 85, died on 10 April 2021, in Santa Rosa, CA. Carol know as "Chintze" to her friends visited all seven continents, including Antarctica, and walked in all 24 time zones.

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OAE Don Roscoe Holton, Jr., 87, died on 2 December 2020, in Leesville TX. Don served in Antarctica as a member of the US Navy. Unit and dates unknown.

OAE James W. Hunt, 68, died on 19 May 2021, in Queensbury NY. Jim became active in the Air National Guard and became a Pilot in the 109th Air Wing out of Stratton Air National Guard Base, in Schenectady. He was a Command Pilot of LC-130H Aircraft, serving both polar ice caps. In 1997, he flew Sir Edmund Hillary and the New Zealand Prime Minister, the first and only head of state, to ever fly to the South Pole.

OAE Clayton Ernest “Bill” Ingham, 94, died on 15 November 2019, in Paraparaumu, New Zealand at Coastal Villas Metlife Care. Bill was the winter-over science leader at Hallett Station during 1958 (DF-III). Hallett was a joint US/NZ station during the IGY. Ingham Glacier is named in his honor.

OAE Carol Jeffus, 88, died on 29 March 2021, in Anchorage AK. During her graduate studies one of her favorite adventures was a trip to Chile to study noctilucent clouds (very high altitude clouds). There, she was invited to fly with the Chilean air force and made several flights south to Antarctica. Her flying career began in 1960 when she earned her private's pilot license. She worked for numerous airlines during her career including Interior Airlines, Alaska International Airlines, and Mark Air. The last 23 years she worked for Lynden Air Cargo. She worked in various positions. Carol was the first female flight engineer on the Hercules C-130. She was a Bush pilot flying out of Fairbanks and Petersburg early in her career

OAE Cowan Everett Jones, Jr., 96, died on 23 April 2021, at Farmington Station assisted living in Farmington, CT. Cowan served in Operation Highjump as a Lieutenant in the US Navy.

OAE Igor M. Katounin, 72, died on 11 April 2021, in Latrobe, PA. Igor served in Antarctica with the Soviet Expedition. Dates unknown.

*OAE ETC Robert C. Kniese, USN (Ret), 84, died on 26 May 2021, in Duanesburg NY. Bob wintered-over at McMurdo in DF-68 and DF-72. He also served in Christchurch, NZ at the Naval Communications Unit from 1968 thru 1971.

OAE Joanne E. (nee Matthew) Larson, 81, died on 30 March 2021, in Barrington IL. Joanne Visited Antarctica as a tourist.

OAE Jack Last, 27, died on 20 April 2021, three weeks after having AstraZeneca Covid vaccine, at Addenbrooke Hospital, in Suffolk UK. Jack spent six months in Antarctica working with the British Antarctic Survey as a traverse driver.

OAE EQCM John Laszik Jr., USN (Ret), 77, died on 29 April 2021, in Oxnard CA. John wintered-over at McMurdo during DF-74 as a CM1 and served in summer support from 1974 thru 1978. He was a member of the OAEA West Coast Group.

OAE Gregory Kim Lohse, 70, died on 22 May 2021, in Yorktown VA. Over the winter of 1999/2000 Greg did a stint on the icebreaker, RV Nathaniel B. Palmer in Antarctica working as a Marine Tech, and penguin wrangler!

OAE Sherburne Merrill “Mac” Macfarlan, died on 4 April 2021, in Boulder CO. Mac aka Bink visited Antarctica as a tourist.

OAE FTC James Edward MacGlaflin II, USN (Ret), 95, died on 13 March 2021, in Pawcatuck CT. Jim deployed to Antarctica on the USS Edisto. During Operation Windmill.

OAE HMCS David R. McGuffie, USN (Ret), 84, died on 30 November 2020, in Hollywood MD. Dave wintered-over at McMurdo as a hospitalman second class during DF-63.

OAE CPO Carl R. McPherson, USN (Ret), 79, died on 7 June 2021, in Topsham ME. Carl served in VXE-6 as an aircrewman. He made deployments to Antarctica during DF-72 and DF-73.

Peter V. Mason, 93, died on 30 May 2021, in Pasadena, CA. Peter advised the science and engineering team at Stanford on the design of the successful Gravity Probe B satellite; and mentoring younger scientists for project Boomerang to study the properties of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation in Antarctica.

OAE Alvin James Matthews, 50, died on 17 April 2021, in Ventura, CA. Alvin was a runner and he participated in the Antarctic Ice Marathon, Date unknown.

OAE Ronald Matusick USAF (Ret), 70, died on 11 June 2021, in Vacaville CA. Ronald made two deployments to Antarctica with the US Air Force. Years unknown.

OAE James D. Minor, 85, died on 9 April 2021, in Plain City, OH. James deployed to Antarctica on board the USS Glacier in the Gunnery Division during DF-I, DF-II, and DF-III

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OAE Robert “Bob” G. Mitalski, 57, died on 29 March 2021, in Cape Canaveral, FL. While serving as a commissioned officer in the US Navy Bob participated in the resupply of McMurdo Station in support of the USAP. Unit and dates unknown.

OAE Richard F. Mortensen, 80, died on 20 May 2021, in Roy UT. Richard served in Antarctica as a heavy equipment operator with the SeaBees. Year(s) unknown.

OAE Tahoma Hemingway Mulder, 94, died on 22 April 2021, in Shell Beach, CA. Tomie visited Antarctica as a tourist.

OAE Edward W. Post, 75, died on 3 April 2021, in Anchor Point AK. Edward wintered-over during DF-68 at McMurdo as a boiler technician second class (BT-2) in the US Navy.

*OAE PRCM Paul Quinlan, USN (Ret), 85, died on 24 May 2021, Pensacola, FL. Paul served in AIRDEVRON SIX from 1956 thru 1959. He was a member of the search and rescue team. Proudly one of the (if not the) youngest jumpmaster in the Navy at 21 years, 3 months old. He made many practice jumps at McMurdo and Little America. Paul was also a member of the OAEA Gulf Coast Group Chapter.

OAE SCPO (AC) George Washington Reed Jr., USN (Ret), died on 14 April 2021, at Life Care Center at Wells Crossing in Jacksonville FL. George served in VX-6 where he had the pleasure of meeting Admiral Richard Byrd at McMurdo Station.

OAE Glen Allen Reppert, 55, died on 20, June 2021, in Denver CO. Glen served as the communications manager at Palmer Station. Year unknown.

OAE Dr. Edwin “Robbie” S. Robinson, 85, died on 10 September 2020, in Roanoke VA. Robbie was a USARP geophysicist and deployed to Antarctica four times, first during the IGY in 1957. He wintered at McMurdo during DF-60. He returned to the Ice during the DF-63 season where he led the South Pole Traverse. He made his final journey during the DF-78 season. Robinson Heights is named in his honor. He was a member of the Antarctican Society.

*OAE George F. Rooney, 88, died on 2 April 2021, in Woburn MA. George served as Electricians Mate First Class on the USS Glacier during DF-I. He was a member of the OAEA New England Chapter.

OAE Judson Charles Rowland, USN (Ret), 78, died on 20 May 2021, in Bartlesville OK. Judson wintered-over while in the US Navy. Command and year unknown.

*OAE Harry R. Rymer, 96, died on 12 April 2019, in Manchester CT. Harry served on the USCGC Northwind as a chief motor machinist mate during Operation Highjump (1946–47). Harry was a member of the New England Chapter.

OAE John Henry Shervell, 87, died on 12 June 2021, in Whangarei New Zealand. John spent a year in Antarctica as a member of the New Zealand Army. Year unknown.

OAE Malcolm Glenn Simpler, Jr., 83, died on 5 May 2021, in Lansdale, PA. Glenn had a long career as the Chief Pilot of a private jet. Glenn traveled the world and was a great storyteller with a keen memory for the details of his travels. Some of his favorite adventures included landing at McMurdo Station Antarctica. Company and date unknown.

OAE Thomas "Tom" J. Stearns, 74, died on 11 April 2021 at Ridgeview Nursing Home in Le Sueur, MN. Tom made two deployments to Antarctica as a SeaBee. Unit and year(s) unknown.

*OAE Major James Butler Studley USAF (Ret), 85, of Shalimar, FL and Orleans, MA died on 3 December 2020, in Shalimar FL. Jim (AKA #1 Stud) served in Antarctica with the USAF (86 ATS) flying C-130 aircraft between Christchurch New Zealand and McMurdo Station during 1964 and 65.

OAE Anita Marie Reid Tannuzzo, 95, died on 15 January 2021, in Tampa, FL. Anita traveled to Antarctica on a National Geographic Expedition.

Terri Laretta Thomas, 81, died on 19 June 2021. Terry was married to Philip who was a helicopter pilot in VX-6. Dates unknown.

OAE David Jerome Van Ert, 93, died on 18 May 2021, in Milwaukee, WI, David deployed to Antarctica during Operation Highjump while serving aboard the USS Currituck.

OAE Jon Wells, 72, died on 9 May 2021, in Lancaster, OH. Jon wintered-over at Palmer Station as the Holmes and Narver Communications Coordinator.

OAE Meave Mary (nee Luddy) White, 85, died on 12 February 2021, at Willow Brooke Court Skilled Care facility at Indian River Estates in Vero Beach FL. On her most recent voyage Meave achieved her goal of traveling to every continent when she set foot on the ice of Antarctica.

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prayers did not apply. C h a p l a i n ’ s C o r n e r What was truly important Johnnie Draughon—OAEA Chaplain when giving thanks? This day, the food placed Psalms 106:1 - Praise ye the LORD. O give before us, the fellowship thanks unto the LORD; for [he is] good: for his of this moment, and the mercy [endureth] for ever. blessing of forgiven sins in Jesus Christ. It was a ore than 30 years ago I went with my church to humbling experience and feed the homeless in Virginia Beach for the first a reminder that we have Mtime. The local ministry was just getting started so much to be thankful for and a daily meal was being served at a Christian nightclub every day. I was also near the oceanfront. At the time it was customary for host reminded that we should never take a single blessing for church members to stand at the top of the stairs, shake hands granted. Regardless of our circumstances we are truly with our guests and welcome them to the meal that was about blessed take time today to take stock of your many to be served. Just before the meal the program director asked blessings…and give thanks. me to bless the food for our new friends. I was more than happy to oblige until I actually began the blessing. Suddenly May the blessings be, I realized that everything I give thanks for in my daily Johnnie Draughon, Chaplain Explorers Club Member Relives Her Favorite Travel Memories

By Chris Rovzar & Nikki Ekstein The high point in my polar marine explorations 26 May 2021 coincides with the lowest point in my life—exploring Antarctica via submersible 1,300 feet below the sea. There, WHY I STILL EXPLORE we were engulfed in a dense school of krill. Their thick swarm created a blizzard with zero visibility beyond our hen the Explorers plexiglass bubble. The submersible’s navigation and W Club announced its communication systems became jammed, leaving us basically inaugural E50 list in dead in the water. Humpback whales were feeding just above February, it gave new us, and we joked about the possibility of becoming a modern visibility to a diverse group day Jonah. As a krill biologist at heart, it was a thrill to of field scientists whose experience their astronomical abundance so very up close and trailblazing work may personal. change the way we all see the world. What we dis-  In three words or fewer, what's the one thing you're most covered when we spoke to afraid of? some of them was that their Antarctica dissolving. endless pursuit of knowledge—often resulting in  Your guide to living well? expeditions at the remotest Treat yourself to the Pursuits Weekly newsletter. ends of the Earth—has armed them with some pretty remarkable stories as well.  What's next on your bucket list? While their adventures are My favorite bird in Antarctica is a cormorant, the blue- far from conventional, they eyed shag. Body black, breast white, it somewhat resembles offer prescient reminders of the common tuxedoed Adelié penguin, yet much sleeker with why we travel. a regal stature and bright yellow carbuncle (warty growth) between its sapphire eyes. Shags not only fly in air, but also OAEA Member: Margaret swim and dive as deep as 75 feet, often while collecting O’Leary Amsler: The marine seaweed for nesting material. I’d love to join it on such a biologist and krill researcher has gone on 30 expeditions to mission—my dream dive buddy! Antarctica and conducted more than 500 frigid scuba dives. Editor’s Note: Hopefully Margaret and husband  What has been your most thrilling adventure? Charles will renew their memberships in the OAEA.

E X P L O R E R ‘ S G A Z E T T E V O L U M E 21, I S S U E 2 A P R  J U M 2 0 2 1 POLAR POD FLOATING LABORATORY By Katy Scott, CNN "This very large area of cold water all around Antarctica Updated 3 June 2021 is the largest ocean carbon sink of the planet," he says—but

Polar Pod Floating Laboratory Will Flip we don't know how its ability to absorb carbon dioxide changes throughout the year. "The stability of the Polar Pod Onto Its Side And Drift Around Antarctica will allow the scientists to get this information." To Research The Southern Ocean As the structure will be silent, it will be able to use hydrophones—underwater microphones—to record the he wild waters of the Southern Ocean surrounding "acoustic signature" characteristic of different sea creatures, T Antarctica are one of the planet's biggest carbon stores. from krill to whales, and perform a census of marine life, The ocean absorbs around 12% of all carbon dioxide explains Etienne. He also plans for the vessel to help generated by humans each year, but despite its huge calibrate satellites for NASA and the European Space importance in regulating the Earth's climate, it has barely Agency. been studied by science. French explorer and environmentalist Jean-Louis Etienne has spent the last 10 years designing a scientific vessel capable of braving the terrifying waves and winds found there. His floating laboratory, called the Polar Pod, will stand 100 meters high and weigh 1,000 tons. The structure will be towed horizontally from the east coast of South Africa to the powerful current surrounding Antarctica. It will then "flip" vertically by filling 150-ton seawater ballast tanks, a feature inspired by the US oceanographic platform FLIP. The vessel has no engine and will be driven by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, drifting at about 1 knot per hour. The top of the structure—20 meters above the water—- French explorer and environmentalist Jean-Louis Etienne is where the crew will live, sleep, and work. The submerged designed the lab. After being towed to its destination, the Polar Pod will "flip" vertically and portion keeps it steady. "It is 80 meters below sea level, fixed drift around Antarctica. The top 20 meters of the in very calm water -- that's why it's very stable," Etienne tells structure will be above the water, where the crew CNN. will live. Six wind generators will power the sensors and on-board Listening To The Ocean laboratory, and data will be transmitted to researchers in real- time. The team also plans to transmit live broadcasts and The plan is to "orbit" Antarctica twice in three years and lectures from the Polar Pod. collect data on how humans have impacted the Southern Seawater ballast tanks will help "flip" the structure and Ocean, explains Etienne. While the main focus will be on keep it steady. measuring the ocean's capacity to absorb carbon dioxide There will be eight people on board at any given time— (CO2), the Polar Pod will be equipped with sensors to four sailors tasked with navigating (and deploying sails to measure acidity and wave dynamics, among other things. avoid icebergs), three scientists, and a cook. Every two months a ship will bring supplies, a new crew, and sometimes Etienne himself. The doctor and explorer, now 74, has undertaken numerous expeditions to remote Polar Regions. He hauled a sled on a solo overland trip to the North Pole in 1986 and crossed the Arctic Ocean in a hot-air balloon in 2010. Construction of the Polar Pod has not yet begun but will be funded by the French government. French oceanographic institution Ifremer will put the contract to build the vessel out to tender. Etienne is in the process of raising funds for a three-year

Antarctic seals are helping scientists learn more about expedition he hopes will begin in 2024. He says he is not melting glaciers able to disclose costs or how much money has been raised to date.

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In Good Company

he Polar Pod will not be the only structure floating in the T Southern Ocean. Over the last six years the Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling project (SOCCOM) has deployed 200 robotic floats with advanced sensors to measure oxygen, sunlight, chlorophyll, nitrate and acidity. The floats look like gas canisters and function a bit like drifting submarines. They have a parking depth of 1,000 meters, and drop to 2,000 meters every 10 days to make a full profile up to the surface and beam the data to scientists. Prior to the SOCCOM project, the Southern Ocean was The Polar Pod won't be the first research vessel to travel "nearly undiscovered" with just a few ship tracks across it, around Antarctica. In August 2019, a Saildrone oceanographer and climate scientist Joellen Russell, of the completed the first autonomous circumnavigation University of Arizona, tells CNN. of the Southern Ocean, sailing 22,000 km (13,670 miles) in 196 days. Other ocean research vessels have journeyed around Antarctica. In August 2019, an unmanned boat called a Saildrone completed the first autonomous circumnavigation of the Southern Ocean. Despite a run-in with an iceberg that destroyed some of its sensors, the Saildrone was able to collect oceanic and atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements.

Is an iceberg weighing hundreds of billions of tons on a penguin collision course? "One out of eight molecules of CO2 that is added to the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean around Antarctica, the Southern Ocean, within a year," says Russell. "This is the ocean to study. This is the critical component of our Earth's climate system." Russell adds that the Southern Ocean has not been better The Polar pod is a 100 meter high 1000 ton floating studied because it's far away and "catastrophically" laboratory that will gather data from the trecherous dangerous. waters of the Southern Ocean around Antarctica While the robotic floats are dotted across the Southern The team behind it says it plans to deploy a fleet of Ocean, mooring a vessel is challenging in the Antarctic Saildrones to measure the exchange of carbon dioxide Circumpolar Current. "Every time the oceanographic between ocean and atmosphere in the Antarctic Circumpolar community has deployed a mooring in the ACC it's been Current. damaged or ripped away in the winter," explains Russell. According to Landschützer, the Polar Pod will be able to provide a more detailed circumpolar view of the carbon cycle Understanding an important carbon sink because it has both a seawater CO2 sensor and an eddy flux system—a specialized instrument to measure how much CO2 he Polar Pod has a significant role to play in adding to and heat is being transferred between the atmosphere and the T our understanding of how much CO2 is in the ocean, ocean. explains ocean biogeochemist Peter Landschützer, of the Landschützer says measuring the ocean-atmosphere CO2 Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Germany. exchange both directly and indirectly is a huge benefit. "I "We know that the Southern Ocean is very important for don't know any expedition [circumnavigating the Southern our climate ... we also want to understand how it changes in Ocean] that does that." time as the climate changes," he says. "We have on the one Russell agrees: "I'm delighted, because those flux hand one of the most important carbon sinks, on the other measurements from inside the Antarctic Circumpolar Current hand, we have very little measures to observe it." are absolutely essential," she says. "We don't have these measurements."

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He adds that it's encouraging to see such innovative ideas to tackle the unique problems posed by this ocean. "The Southern Ocean brings the best out of a scientist because of the challenges," he says. "You can't do it the way we've always done it, so we have to come up with something new if we want to understand it." As well as providing vital data, Etienne says the mission is an eye-catching way to draw attention to the devastating impact of global warming in the polar region. "We'll be the teacher from the classroom far, far away," he says.

A 'frozen rainforest' of microscopic life is melting Greenland's ice sheet However, she worries that the vessel may not be sturdy enough to face the hostile conditions, particularly in the winter, pointing out that help will be days or weeks away if it encounters any setbacks. "The Pod is going to be in literally the fiercest weather on planet Earth," she says. "I imagine that we're going to see something we've never seen before, and have people and video as well as measurements of the extraordinary change. I just wish they had more mobility, just in case." Operated by the Marine Physical Laboratory at Scripps Landschützer says that a better understanding of the Institution of Oceanography at University of Southern Ocean will help to monitor the success of Paris California, FLIP has been carrying out scientific Agreement international climate goals. research since the 1960s.

It will be equipped with instruments to measure the Powered by wind and the sun, three Saildrones were Wind and waves. Construction has not yet begun but deployed on the 2019 mission, which collected oceanic Etienne hopes its3-year expedition will begin in 2024. and atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements.

Other floating structures are researching the Polar Pod's "flipping" action is achieved by filling sea Southern Ocean. The last 6 years the SOCCOM water ballast tanks, and is inspired by the Floating Project has deployed 200 robotic floats to measure Instrument Platform (FLIP). The 355-foot research oxygen, sunlight, chlorophyll, nitrate, and acidity. vessel is owned by the Office of Naval Research.

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The SOCCOM floats look like gas canisters and function a bit like drifting submarines. Pictured, the floats being built at University of Washington Argo Lab.

A HUMPBACK WHALES TALE (Pun Intended)

Photo credit: Photographed January 2020 by JohnComisky, National Geographic The California-based wildlife photographer journeyed to Antarctica just before the pandemic derailed most of his travel plans for the year. He sailed with an expedition team into a small bay, expecting to see a dozen or so humpback whales. Instead he found 250 of them in the midst of a feeding frenzy—the largest of its kind observed by the expedition’s crew. “It was like being in another world,” Comisky said, “seeing something that almost no one has ever seen.” Witnessing such a gathering just 60 years after the species was pushed to the brink of extinction was enough to bring another expedition member to tears.

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B A L L O F Y A R N S H Compiled by Billy-Ace Baker This is a book for those who have done, Editor Explorer’s Gazette want to do, or wish they had done. Frank's yarns are sure to amuse and enchant readers. BOOK PREVIEW ****** BALL OF YARNS

Book Review by unknown author

Author Frank Ball delivers an engaging, A poignant account, contrasting of idyllic Ball Of Yarns. From 87 Years Of times growing up and the remote, icy climes Worthy Experiences. By Frank Ball. of his later years in his memoir, Ball of 2019: Paperback 235 pages. Available Yarns—From 87 Years of Worthy from Amazon $18.00. Experience. Born in 1931, Ball was raised in rural California. Often left on his own, the result was a series of escapades with the SYNOPSIS first object of his affections—vehicles of any kind. An early n engaging memoir, distinguished by its singularity, solo experiment with his father’s sedan gave him the heady Apresents a series of unique stories from a life well-lived. feeling of “wheels unguided by human hands.” A next The recollections once conveyed only to a close circle of adventure involved rebuilding, with his brother, a neglected family and friends are shared in guileless prose. Follow the Chevy Roadster that Ball proudly drove to school in the sixth escapades of Frank Ball through his lifelong journey of grade. Yet another, more terrifying event occurred when he youthful exploits, daring exploration, and unordinary and a friend decided it would be fun to take a farm tractor up adventures. into the mountains on a snowy day; the descent was In this charming autobiographical anthology leading the “reminiscent of a scene from the Keystone Cops.” reader through eighty-seven years, Frank surprises his audience with vivid imagery, candid musings, and scientific acumen. Both young and old alike will enjoy insights and experiences unknown to most people. Born in 1931, and fascinated by vehicles and machines over the decades, Frank shares his remembrances with authenticity and honesty. Readers will delight in the canny recollections of a lifetime of driving, engineering, handling rocketry and explosives, salvage diving, building and racing cars, contemplating and observing natural phenomena, and solving complex problems he encountered in Antarctica and while restoring antique vehicles.

The first car: a 1929 Chevrolet Roadster In high school, he and his pals visited an inactive bomb- testing site and exploded “dud” ordnance for kicks, and he later drove a racecar and worked as a pitman for that sport. Ball served in the military during World War II, stateside, getting technical education leading to a career in electronics, in which he excelled. After retirement, he and his wife Josie pursued more exploits together, living for long stints in Antarctica, she as a cook and he as an all-round mechanical whiz. It provided an atmosphere of camaraderie where the 1931 Reo Flying Cloud sedan. Guess what Frank did to person nearest to a disaster had to deal with it immediately or his Dad’s car? risk the whole camp’s population freezing to death.

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One of the racing cars that he built During the Korean War Frank was a US Army electronics instructor in Agusta, Georgia. Ball tells his life saga in engagingly short, chronological episodes, most only a page or two. He has provided a few photographs to underpin his often-amusing narrative. His writing style shows a particularly strong ability to put the reader into the frame. This is especially the case with his story of going into the salvage business with a friend. Using shallow-water diving gear, they discovered a submerged vessel near the San Diego Bay. Pirating bits of it, mostly brass propellers, they were observed, and a story made the local newspapers since the vessel was, in fact, an abandoned US Navy submarine. Equally enthralling are the many aspects revealed about his working in frigid conditions, repairing everything from aircraft fuel pumps to urinals and figuring out for his own amusement how long it takes a cup of hot coffee to freeze when setting out in the subzero cold. And even in his eighties, he is still repairing and driving BEFORE & AFTER RESTORATIONS vintage cars. 1912 Mack Julian Stage 1924 Cadillac Stage ****** BALL OF YARNS by Cazrichmond 08 Dec 2020 [The following is an official OnlineBookClub.org review of Ball of Yarns by Frank Ball.]

all’s well-organized reminiscences will charm anyone Bwith a love of vehicles, machines, youthful high jinx, and general mischief. His compelling American story speaks to timeless values of passion, family, ingenuity, deter- mination, and legacy. Ball of Yarns, by Franklin Ball, is an autobiographical memoir of his life. This interesting man chronicles his many accomplishments and endeavors in this engaging and informative book. Written in captivating and welcoming prose, the book delivers a journey of a fulfilling and happy life. Frank, born in 1931 in San Diego, is the middle child of a doctor’s family. He recalls one of his first memories bringing his awareness of other creatures experiencing physical pain.

A screw from the sunken submarine that Andy and his This feeling being very apparent when witnessing his brother salvage partner, Bob Gowdy found. having an accident inserting a bobby-pin into an electrical

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socket. This feeling did not deter him from experiencing My favorite parts of his memoir are the ones describing many dangerous and impulsive adventures of his own. His the times he spent working in Antarctica. The descriptions of mother’s approach to parenting included letting children his work are interesting, but what caught my attention were experience life and adventure for themselves, and Frank the descriptions of the area, scenery, weather, and wildlife. It embraced this. From taking out his father’s new tractor for a was fascinating to learn that because of the low humidity, joyride, to entering the San Diego bombing range and extra moisture is taken from the lungs, so enormous amounts detonating unexploded bombs with dynamite, Frank lived, of fluids must be taken to avoid having breathing distress. satisfying his curious mind. Also, low carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in the air cause From being a pre-teen, Frank became interested in cars headaches and sleeping problems. The conditions sounded and began tinkering with engines. With a budding interest in very inhospitable, but Frank and his wife enjoyed their time applied physics, a passion was developing for mechanics and there and have a wealth of wonderful experiences. engineering. After graduating high school, Frank went to college in Utah and then served in the military in Georgia, where he attended a technical school for the repair of electrical instruments. Excelling in this, he continued to be a military instructor. After the completion of his time in military service, Frank spent the next part of his career working for engineering companies. He soon met Josephine, the love of his life, and they raised a family of their own. After many years of work, Frank was forced into early retirement and started a career in Antarctica. After many adventures here, the last part of Frank’s working life was volunteering at a motor transport museum, which reignited his passion for vehicle restoration.

Gowdys and Balls at the Ceremonial South Pole Many other interesting facts are included, showing what a special experience Antarctica was. From planes landing on skis, to witnessing a solar eclipse only visible in Antarctica, the experiences seem life changing. Frank described it as diverse and never dull and he spent a lot of time enjoying the sights of passing icebergs and various wildlife, such as leopard seals, elephant seals and cormorants.

Restored Model T near Balboa Park Automotive Museum I was very impressed by the charm and humor included in the book. The author invites you into an anthology of his life and strikes you as a pleasant, humble, and warm character. I like how he described events and characters without animosity and negativity. Comedy is injected into the narrative often, and it gives no personal opinions about individuals in his life, even if they had done undesirable things. I enjoyed the descriptions of his mischievous exploits as a young boy. Some of these would horrify a parent, and it left me feeling Frank was rather lucky to come out of these USGS Benchmarks. The ice sheet at the South Pole situations in one piece. Again he perfectly wrote them, and it moves and each year a new benchmark is installed to show the location of the geographic South Pole. was hard not to giggle at some of these crazy stories of his Frank fabricated and helped design the 1992 youth. benchmark

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South Pole, details of our travel path differed in ways that call for scrupulous description. Starting from Denver, as before, this time we flew, commercial, to Miami and then to Santiago, Chili, and from Santiago to Punta Arenas, Chili, again by commercial airliner. Punta Arenas, near the southern tip of South America, is a historic seaport. Its importance was abridged many years ago, when the Panama Canal provided an enormous shortcut for maritime shipping. Following an overnight stay in an aged but luxurious hotel in Punta Arenas, we continued our voyage to Palmer Station. We boarded the Polar Duke, a two hundred foot, diesel- powered ship with a reinforced hull designed for Antarctic service, an "icebreaker."

Frank standing at the Geographic South Pole. The USGS Benchmark can be seen at bottom left. EPILOGUE Photographs are included throughout the book, which is an impressive addition. Included are images of the South aving reached the age of eighty-seven, retaining the Pole, passing icebergs and beautiful cars and carriages, Frank attachment of all the teeth and fingers apportioned by helped to restore. They are valuable inclusions and amazing H my genome, I wish to express immense gratitude for to see photographic evidence of somewhere as remote as the multitude of exposures I have outlasted. Antarctica. In preparing this chronicle, I did not intend to preach or I rate the book four out of four stars. It is a wonderful life brag. To present descriptions of personal events that have story of a very interesting man, and I found nothing to been satisfying to experience and hopefully fun 'to read dislike. I liked his style of writing and warm nature. I believe about, I have, belatedly it might be said, endeavored to learn the book has been professionally edited as I found no techniques to avail that end. mistakes. The book doesn’t contain any sexual or adult Perhaps diversions lie in sinister concealment, but most content, and I found only one profanity. The book would of the circumstance in my life I retain as memories I hope to appeal to any reader who enjoys a captivating memoir that treasure as long as possible, and would never alter even if encapsulates a unique life. such changes were within my mastery. ****** With the singular exception of the terminating outcome, I PALMER STATION ANTARCTICA will, sooner or later, share with all beings; the ability to " foresee events that may grace or mangle my future, is, of course, beyond my resources. But it seems likely such osie and I departed from our fourth summer season at the exertions, guiding a rocking chair while sucking oxygen, for South Pole with the understanding that we were J example, will be less appealing to read about than the contracted for the winter to work at Palmer Station, on depictions I have chosen to manifest in these pages. Anvers Island, near the peninsula of Antarctica, the lengthy promontory reaching toward South America. The station latitude is just a little north of the Antarctic Circle. The Antarctic Circle is latitude, south of which the midwinter sun never rises to be seen above the horizon; that map-drawn circle encloses the earth's region known as the "Antarctic." Our deployment required us to hurry home and spend the next three weeks arranging for a newly extended absence.

Inflated Zodiac boats tied-up at the Palmer Station steel docks where ships tie-up Even though our new Antarctic destination, Palmer Station, was less than a thousand miles from the old one, the The End

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An ice cave, lighted by daylight filtered blue and close to the location of Old Palmer Station about a half mile by boat from the current station, was formed by melt water flowing under a glassier toe. The flowing water did not feel warm to the touch but radiated enough warmth to sculpt the underside in graceful arches six feet high, with corridors leading thirty yards to a small fresh-water lake, over flowing to form the liquid stream. Multitudes of bird species crowded the little lake, seeming to find it a welcome source of fresh drinking water.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

n 1931, the author, Franklin R. Ball, was born in San IDiego. He grew to maturity in southern California as the middle member of a doctor's family, went to college in Utah, and did military service in Georgia, before returning to California for extended employment and recreational pursuits. He married and raised a small family before deploying to Antarctica, with his wife, in the launch of a secondary vocation. A third occupation developed in his advanced years as a volunteer master mechanic at a truck museum, again in Southern California. These callings provided enough practical and visionary exposure to give him a unique perspective for authoring engaging prose that Frank from Balls of Yarns Frank from Alpine can be recreational, even educational. Historical Society

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PICTURES AND STO RIES FROM DAYS GONE BY MIDWINTER DAY IN ANTARCTICA – 21 JUNE What is Midwinter Like In Antarctica? Compiled by Billy-Ace Penguin Baker

Editor’s Note: Greetings are sent from the outside world including from national leaders. With the advent of modern telecommunications it has become possible for the different bases to send each other midwinter greetings cards such as that at below left from McMurdo. In my days (between 1962 and 1980 we used Morse Code or radioteletype for transmitting such messages Like the one below at right from the president of the United States that was Morse code.

McMurdo card courtesy of Sandwich Girl Message from JFK courtesy of Bruce Raymond idwinter on the 21st of June is the main celebration M of the year in Antarctica on most national bases, more so than Christmas or other traditional holidays. It comes in the middle of winter on the shortest day of the year outside the Antarctic Circle and at the pivot point of the period of continuous darkness inside the Antarctic Circle. So as with the 21st of December, midwinters day in the northern hemisphere it is the day on which light begins to return. Although there may still be some time to go before the sun appears over the horizon in the deep south, the twilight at noon often starts to grow brighter as the sun gets closer to the horizon. Such cards are sent electronically around the many scientific stations in Antarctica, it being a way that the people on such bases can reach out to others in similar isolated communities across the continent in the middle of winter Halley Station midwinter 2016

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irrespective of nationality or religion, which makes it pretty unique, compared to every other celebration anywhere else in the world. The exact extent of the celebration varies according to each station, like Christmas and other major festivals in families there is a culture of traditions being built over a number of years, which change and vary with circumstances and the people involved. A common theme is that goodies are kept back and saved up, special events planned, and it all usually centers on what is easily the largest and most extravagant meal of the year. Greetings are sent from the outside world including from national leaders. With the advent of modern telecommunications it has become possible for the different bases to send each other midwinter greetings cards such as that at the top of this article.

1911 with Captain Scott in Antarctica, Midwinters Day.

People in Antarctica at Midwinter are on scientific stations only. There are no visitors, no shipping due to the seasonal build up of sea-ice that doubles the area of the continent, no flights due to the constant darkness across much

of the continent. The cold is at its most extreme now, add in A place setting at McMurdo from Midwinter 2009 made on winter storms as well, and it means that the personnel on the base like so many things have to be when there are no scientific stations are usually confined to their station and the stores or online ordering within 6 months or less. small immediate area around it. Midwinter is the midpoint of a time of extreme isolation. With the weather, darkness, and isolation at their peak, this is often a time when there is relatively little work that can be accomplished. What can be done is frequently distant preparations or those dull but worthy tasks that have been put off repeatedly for "when I don't have anything else to do". All of which can have a negative effect on morale, so like the northern festivals of midwinter in similar but less extreme circumstances, what better than to have a celebration!

How Big Of A Celebration Is Midwinter In Antarctica? idwinter is easily the biggest celebration of the year, it Mfeels particularly special as it is celebrated by people who over-winter when all the summer visitors have gone, that in itself confers a respect from others and by the winterers themselves. To even be in a position to celebrate midwinter in Antarctica is something significant in itself, it means you must have already been there for some months without any arrivals or departures from or to the outside world and that there still won't be any for another few months to come. It is Image courtesy of Ken Klassy a celebration that occurs continent-wide on all bases McMurdo in 2008, a lot if effort went into that!

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TRADITION marvel of gorgeous delicacies. After the toasts and speeches came a musical and dramatic programme, punctuated by he very first midwinter celebration in Antarctica took choice gramophone records and rowdy student choruses. The place in 1898 when the crew of the Belgian Antarctic washing-up was completed by all hands at midnight. Outside, T Expedition on board the ship Belgica spent an the wind was not to be outdone; it surpassed itself with an unplanned winter with the ship iced into a bay. Ever since unusual burst of ninety-five miles per hour. then, whenever there have been people over-wintering in §§§ Antarctica, the celebration has taken place. What follows are examples of the kinds of things that happen on different bases, in the past winterers would often stay in Antarctica for two years, at any given time half the personnel on base would be in their 1st winter while the other half would be in their 2nd, this led to much passing on expertise and also of traditions. Today however, two consecutive winters are rare and so each winter crew is new to each other, though some may have wintered in the past.

SHACKLETON 1915: We celebrated Midwinter's Day on the 22nd. The twilight extended over a period of about six hours that day, and there was a good light at noon from the moon, and also a northern glow with wisps of beautiful pink cloud along the horizon. The day was observed as a holiday, necessary work only being undertaken, and, after the best dinner the cook could provide, all hands gathered in the Ritz, where speeches, songs, and toasts occupied the evening. After supper at midnight we sang "God Save the King" and wished each other all success in the days of sunshine and effort that lay ahead. At this time the Endurance was making an unusually

Painting by JoJan rapid drift to the north under the influence of a fresh Belgica in Antarctic water southerly to south-westerly breeze. We travelled 39 miles to the north in five days before a breeze that only once attained MORE MIDWINTERS FROM THE the force of a gale and then for no more than an hour. The HEROIC AGE OF ANTARCTICA absence of strong winds, in comparison with the almost unceasing winter blizzards of the Ross Sea, was a feature of the Weddell Sea that impressed itself upon me during the winter months. §§§

MAWSON 1913: Midwinter's Day! For once, the weather rose to the occasion and calmed during the few hours of the twilight-day. It was a jovial occasion, and we celebrated it with the uproarious delight of a community of eighteen young men unfettered by small conventions. The sun was returning, and we were glad of it. Already we were dreaming of spring and sledging, summer and sledging, the SCOTT 1913: Dinner to night is therefore the meal, ship and home. It was the turn of the tide, and the future which is nearest the sun's critical change of course, and has seemed to be sketched in firm, sure outline. While the rest been observed with all the festivity customary at Christmas at explored all the ice-caves and the whole extent of our small home. rocky "selection", Hannam and Bickerton shouldered the At tea we broached an enormous Buzzard cake, with domestic responsibilities. Their menu du diner to us was a much gratitude to its provider, Cherry-Garrard. In preparation

E X P L O R E R ‘ S G A Z E T T E V O L U M E 21, I S S U E 2 A P R  J U M 2 0 2 1 for the evening our 'Union Jacks' and sledge flags were hung was massed with swaying auroral light, the most vivid and about the large table, which itself was laid with glass and a beautiful display that I had ever seen—fold on fold the arches plentiful supply of champagne bottles instead of the and curtains of vibrating luminosity rose and spread across customary mugs and enamel limejuice jugs. At seven o'clock the sky, to slowly fade and yet again spring to glowing life. we sat down to an extravagant bill of fare as compared with Thus, except for a few bad heads in the morning, ended our usual simple diet. the High Festival of Midwinter. Beginning on seal soup, by common consent the best There is little to be said for the artificial uplifting of decoction that our cook produces, we went on to roast beef animal spirits, yet few could take great exception to so rare an with Yorkshire pudding, fried potatoes, and Brussels sprouts. outburst in a long run of quiet days. Then followed a flaming plum-pudding and excellent mince After all we celebrated the birth of a season, which must pies, and thereafter a dainty savoury of anchovy and cod's be numbered amongst the greatest in our lives. roe. A wondrous attractive meal even in so far as judged by §§§ our simple lights, but with its garnishments a positive feast, for withal the table was strewn with dishes of burnt almonds, crystallised fruits, chocolates and such toothsome kickshaws, whilst the unstinted supply of champagne which accompanied the courses was succeeded by a noble array of liqueur bottles from which choice could be made in the drinking of toasts. We drank to the Success of the Expedition. When the table was upended, its legs removed, and chairs arranged in rows, we had quite a roomy lecture hall. Ponting had cleverly chosen this opportunity to display a series of CHERRY GARRARD with Captain Scott in 1911: slides made from his own local negatives. I have never so “We are very merry” and indeed why not? The sun turns to fully realised his work as on seeing these beautiful pictures; come back to us to-night, and such a day comes only once a they so easily outclass anything of their kind previously taken year. in these regions. Our audience cheered vociferously. After dinner we had to make speeches, but instead of After this show the table was restored for snapdragon, and making a speech Bowers brought in a wonderful Christmas a brew of milk punch was prepared in which we drank the tree, made of split bamboos and a ski stick, with feathers tied health of Campbell's party and of our good friends in the to the end of each branch; candles, sweets, preserved fruits, Terra Nova. Then the table was again removed and a set of and the most absurd toys of which Bill was the owner. Titus lancers formed. got three things, which pleased him, immensely, a sponge, a By this time the effect of stimulating liquid refreshment whistle, and a pop-gun, which went off when he pressed in on men so long accustomed to a simple life became apparent. the butt. For the rest of the evening he went round asking Our biologist had retired to bed, the silent Soldier bubbled whether you were sweating. "No." "Yes, you are," he said, with humour and insisted on dancing with Anton. Evans, and wiped your face with the sponge. "If you want to please P.O., was imparting confidences in heavy whispers. Pat' me very much you will fall down when I shoot you," he said Keohane had grown intensely Irish and desirous of political to me, and then he went round shooting everybody. At argument, whilst Clissold sat with a constant expansive smile intervals he blew the whistle. and punctuated the babble of conversation with an occasional He danced the Lancers with Anton, and Anton, whose 'Whoop' of delight or disjointed witticism. Other bright-eyed dancing puts that of the Russian Ballet into the shade, individuals merely reached the capacity to enjoy that, which continually apologized for not being able to do it well under ordinary circumstances might have passed without enough. Ponting gave a great lecture with slides which he had evoking a smile. made since we arrived, many of which Meares had coloured. In the midst of the revelry Bowers suddenly appeared, When one of these came up one of us would shout, "Who followed by some satellites bearing an enormous Christmas coloured that," and another would cry, "Meares," "then Tree whose branches bore flaming candles, gaudy crackers, uproar. It was impossible for Ponting to speak. We had a milk and little presents for all. The presents, I learnt, had been punch, when Scott proposed the Eastern Party, and Clissold, prepared with kindly thought by Miss Souper (Mrs. Wilson's the cook, proposed Good Old True Milk. Titus blew away the sister) and the tree had been made by Bowers of pieces of ball of his gun. "I blew it into the cerulean "how doth Homer stick and string with coloured paper to clothe its branches; the have it? cerulean azure, hence Erebus." As we turned in he whole erection was remarkably creditable and the distribution said, "Cherry, are you responsible for your actions?" and of the presents caused much amusement. when I said Yes, he blew loudly on his whistle, and the last Whilst revelry was the order of the day within our hut, the thing I remembered was that he woke up Meares to ask him elements without seemed desirous of celebrating the occasion whether he was fancy free. with equal emphasis and greater decorum. The eastern sky

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MIDWINTER FROM THE NOT SO HEROIC AGE OF ANTARCTICA

uring the 60s and early 70s we liked to get dressed up in costumes at the midwinter parties. Here are just Dtwo of many of them. Can you identify the names of any of the OAEs in costume?

Deep Freeze 71 Midwinter party at McMurdo

Deep Freese 63 McMurdo Midwinter party

Photo by Rose Burgener/NSF On Midwinter's Day at the South Pole Station, place settings are laid out for those who died in the course of their service as a memorial by those celebrating their Midwinter Meal.

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Robert Joseph Gaboury Chief Construction 1940 – 2021 Electrician obert Joseph Gaboury aka Gabby 80 years old, of Verdun Quebec, Canada passed away on 22 December 2020. Was born to Adrien Gaboury and Antoinette Annie Gaboury, 8 February 1940 in Montreal, QC Canada. He graduated from RSt Willibrord's High School in 1958 and enlisted in the United States Navy in 1960, he retired in 1980. During his 20- years of service, he spent 4 years aboard two ships and then transferred over to the US Navy Seabees. After Bob retired from the Navy, he lived in Oxnard and Camarillo California. In 1997, he married Linda Thayer and lived happily ever after. He was preceded in death by Adrien Gaboury (father); Antoinette Gaboury (mother) and survived by Ron Gaboury (brother). Bob aka Gabby that his military friends aboard the USS Mills nicked named him and it stuck with him forever. Gabby was a construction electrician and Chief Petty Officer in the US Navy Seabees. He worked as a lineman, power production specialist, electrical station operator, and was a respected Naval Electrical Construction Instructor at the NCTC Disaster Preparedness School. He "wintered over" and spent 13 months at McMurdo Station in Antarctica operating the Penguin Power and Light station, and deployed numerous times to North Atlantic on the USS Mills, Okinawa, and Viet Nam. He is the recipient of several Naval commendations and medals, including Navy Unit Combat Operations In- signia; RVNAF Unit Citation; National Service Defense Service Medal; Antarctica Service Medal with Bronze Winter-Over Disc; Marine Combat Insignia; and an Expert Rifleman. He retired from the Navy in 1980. After retiring, he went to work in the electrical department at ST. John's Hospital in Oxnard. In 1981 he purchased Temp's Kennel and operated that business until 1997 when he retired and became an online eCommerce marketer. In his retirement, he also became a devoted member of the Camarillo Kiwanis Club. USS Mills The family requests donations be made to the Wounded Warriors Project at: https://support.woundedwarriorproject.org/ Robert Joseph Gaboury's funeral will be held at Conejo Mountain Funeral Home at 2052 Howard Road, Camarillo, Ca 93012 on 24 July 2021 at 11:00 A.M. It will also be live streamed on you tube on the following link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jnOJbzH6Spc. Click on the link at the time of the service and it will go live.

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By Marty Diller, New England Chapter Secretary-Treasurer All Photos by member: Carolyn Brown

he Chapter’s regular meeting schedule has us meeting in TMassachusetts every summer. When, on 29 May Massachusetts announced the cancellation of all coronavirus-related restrictions regarding indoor event sizes, social distancing, or masks, it cleared the Table 1: John Drews (ITT Contractor DF-85) sits with Nancy and Carl McKenna (AEC (Ret.); VXE-6 DF-70- way to resume Chapter meetings. 72; Para-Rescue Team). Accordingly, on Saturday, 26 June, In ‘Unfinished Business’, Marty reported that the we returned to Conrad’s restaurant in pandemic had suspended dealings with the Collings Walpole. Their menu had not changed Foundation’s 'American Heritage Museum’ in Hudson, MA since 2019, and we again enjoyed their very delicious and (www.collingsfoundation.org). However, they still would generous buffet lunch. We had 34 members and four guests like to set up an Antarctic display to feature the Antarctic this time, a bit smaller than average, but we were just happy items we had recovered from the defunct Quonset Air to get back together once again. Museum. New today, member Russ White (ASA Det C DF-62-67 (Hallett DF-62; w/o McM 66) reported that the AHM museum’s Lead Docent, Colin Rixon, would like to get the Chapter’s assistance in procuring any antique snowmobile and large tracked vehicle of the type that was used in the early days of the “modern era” (1950–70 timeframe) of Antarctic exploration. It is clear, though, that corporate sponsorship will be required for funding the procurement and repairs to such relics if they can be found; as such costs are well beyond the Chapter’s capabilities. Meanwhile, although the museum is now starting to resume normal operations, their finances are still being affected by ongoing litigation related to the loss of a WW2 B-17 bomber in a fatal crash at Bradley international airport File photo in October 2019. Looks like Conrad’s ‘New Business’ for the members was a recap of the Chapter Business Chapter Board of Directors’ virtual November 2020 Board

s usual, we started the meeting with the Pledge of meeting, which was reported in the Explorer’s Gazette OCT- AAllegiance, but we also took a moment of silence in DEC 2020 edition. Life Associate Member Carolyn Brown memory of the 14 Chapter members that had passed on since was recognized for giving Judy Boss a ride for this our last Chapter meeting in October 2019. Marty started off meeting—part of our “Ride Sharing” program to get more the meeting with a report on ‘Membership Health’ wherein members to our meetings. the overall member count has decreased by five since the last meeting, and now stands at 204. Besides the deaths since Fundraising

2019, one member has moved out of New England, but we he winner of the meeting’s 50/50 raffle ($89) was Rudy have gained five new Life members. TPinnow (VXE-6 DF-71-73). The door prize winner, At- Marty also reported on the 2020 and 2021 dues drives Large member Roy Roberts (VX-6 DF-62,'63), won a free which totaled $770 in dues and were not noticeably affected lunch at the next Chapter meeting he attends. Author Judy by the pandemic. Chapter dues are strictly voluntary and set Boss (2012 cruise on M/V Marco Polo) donated a copy of at $5/year. Fred Santino (VX-6, DF-65-66) reported that his her novel Deception Island” (inspired by her cruise), and it problems with the Facebook page continue and he is still was won by Peter Lahtinen (VXE-6 DF-71-73) in a special looking for assistance from anyone that has expertise in bonus drawing. maintaining a Facebook site.

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Other door prize winners: Russ’s wife, Rolinda, and Bob Rainville (JOCS, USN (Ret.); VXE-6 DF-73-74, 74-75) both won a South Pole ball cap donated by the Chapter; and Nick Pellegrino (VXE-6 DF-71, 72), a pair of small penguin figurines donated by an anonymous donor.

Meeting Schedule

he next OAEA-NE Chapter meeting is scheduled for Table 2: On the left, Russ White (ASA Det C DF-62-67 T 1pm on Saturday, September 25, 2021, at the Bull (Hallett DF-62; w/o McM 66); USARP DF-68) is N’Claw restaurant in Wells, ME. bemused by the table conversation, while Mary and Nick Pellegrino (VXE-6 DF-71, 72) also seem a little baffled.

Table 4: Enjoying the dessert, Mary Pellegrino (left) talks with Bernie (VXE-6 DF-72, 73) and Pat Benardello, and And the Bull N’ Claw! Lloyd Mills (AKCS, USN (Ret); VXE-6 DF-71-74) on the far right.

Table 3: On the left, standing, is Associate member Phil McKenna (CMM(SS), USN (Ret)). Dick Kopplin (RMCM, USN (Ret); ASA DF-71 s/s Brockton Station; w/o McM DF-71) is seated with his back to the camera. Facing the camera at the table is Bill Highlands (CWO4, USN (Ret); Hallett Station (w/o 1958) DF-III, -IV), Mo Gibbs Table 6: Standing, Dave Hazard (ABCS, USN (Ret); VXE-6 (CDR, USN (Ret); USS Arneb DF-I; USS Wyandot DF-II; Loadmaster; DF-70-74) talks with Rudy Pinnow (VXE-6 w/o O-3 Meteorologist (McM) DF-66-67; CHCH Wx DF-71-73) who is seated on the left. Listening in at Office DF-67-68; O-5 Flt Cmdr rep MCM DF-82-84), the table are: Denise and Peter Lahtinen (VXE-6 DF- Rick Canfield (ASA, ITT (powerplant tech); 1981-83, 71-73) to Rudy’s left; Jim (CBU-201, Palmer Station w/o McM 1981 and 1983; s/s 1981-82) and author Judy DF-69) and Martha Pedone; and Fred Santino (VX-6 Boss (Antarctic Cruise, M/V Marco Polo, 2012) on the DF-65-66) with his back to the camera. right.

Chad Carpenter cartoon supplied by Marty Diller The caption reads: OK Folks! Listen up! This year, to avoid any confusion, I’ve made this seating chart!

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NEW OAEA MEMBERS

Thanks to OAEA Guestbook, Gary Koch II, Obit Messenger, Pensacola New Journal, Elaine Hood, Bill REUNION & MEETING INFORMATION Spindler, Ed Hamblin, OAEA OptIn, Sandwich Girl, OAEA Web Site, Marty Diller, Bob Gaboury, Google News, Ed Send reunion notices to Billy-Ace Baker at 850 456 3556 Waite, Gillian Curtis, and Ron Stephano for recruiting new or [email protected] for publication in the Gazette members or for providing names and contact info for prospective members. “Puckered Penguins” (VX-6/VXE-6): Crown Plaza Dulles Airport (2200 Centerville Rd, Herndon, VA), 29 September If you know of any OAE, or anyone interested in Antarctica, thru 3 October 2021. POC Jeff Homewood. Jeff can be who is not a member of the OAEA please send their contact contacted by email at: [email protected], or by information to the OAEA Membership Chairman at: telephone or text at 301-904-9574. [email protected], or 850 456 3556. The below list of personnel have joined since the previous Gazette. Burton Island, AGB-1/WAGB-283: Colorado Springs,

*Denotes Associate Member CO, 30 August thru 3 September 2021. POC Doug Huckins. §Denotes Upgrade to Life or Renewal of Annual Member Doug can be reached by phone at: 831 402 2663, or by ΦDenotes Upgrade to Regular Member email at: [email protected]. The Burton Island participated in operations: Highjump, Windmill, DF-IV, and DF-60, 62, Ball, Franklin CIV Life USAP South Pole and Palmer 1992-96 64, 68 thru 71, and 73.

Ball, Josephine CIV Life USAP South Pole and Palmer 1992-96 MCB-1: Gulfport, MS, 10–14 October 2021. POC Peter Dowd. Peter can be reached by phone at: 617 688 2512, or Coldwell, Rex NOK Life NOK. Son of Pat Coldwell by email at: [email protected]. MCB-1 participated in: DF-II, IV, and 62. Coldwell, Pat NOK Life NOK. Sister of Warren McGowan Glacier, AGB-4: Colorado Springs, CO, 22–26 September Fountain, Andrew CIV Life USAP Deployed to Ice 1983/1993-20 2021. POC Chuck White. Chuck can be reached by phone at: 802 426 3113, or: [email protected]. Harrowfield, David CIV Life NZARP. Historian. Has made 50+ trips to Antarctica All Seabees: Gulfport, MS, 22–25 April 2021. POC Robert Smith. Robert can be reached at: 228-424-1185, or: Larson, Danielle NOK Life Grand daughter of Memorial Member [email protected]. Or Jon Scott at: 228-669-6858. USAP John Smith who died from a fall Old Antarctic Explorer’s Association (OAEA): San In a crevasse in 1986 Diego, CA, 8–11 May 2022. POC George Lusk. George can be reached at: 619-421-2614, or: [email protected]. Knight, Janice NOK Life Sister of Fred Knapp Editor’s Note: More info can be found on the reunion Mosher, Scott CIV Life USAP Contractor Multiple Deployments Facebook page at: to McMurdo with short https://www.facebook.com/groups/672854686946715 trips to South Pole &

Palmer Stations. Purro, Chris CIV *Life NE Chapter

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Larry Bush, Ann Arbor News; 6th. Werner Haller (Ringiers OAE LOCATOR Unterhaltungs Blätter, Switserland). He would like to know Send locator information to the editor by email at who the officer at the left corner is? If any readers know [email protected], or by snail mail to 10819 Berryhill Road, more about other reporters, like when they died, that info Pensacola FL 32506, or by phone at 850 456 3556. would be welcome to him. Marc can be reached by email at: [email protected], or by snail mail at: Groenstraat ● Marc De Laet is looking for some information on his 243, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium. father’s trip to Antarctic. In November 1962 his father joined a group of European and American reporters on a trip to Editor’s Note: During the time that Marc’s father was in Antarctica. The NSF organized this trip. The Navy Antarctica. I was at McMurdo Station and I handled all Commander of Deep Freeze was RADM David M. Tyree. the message traffic, including press releases, but I do not Several scientific reporters as well as common journalists recall his father. I suspect that the officer in the photo is were sent by their newspaper or news agency. Marc’s father, the NSFA Public Affairs Officer. Jan De Laet, reported for the Belgian News Agency Belga in Brussels. His father learned to know the other reporters as ● Bruce DeWald is looking for a copy of Jim Waldron’s CD: well as the scientist and reported to his agency about their Antarctica 1956–57. Anyone who has a copy please contact work. One of the scientists was a Swiss-man, Professor. Bruce by email at [email protected], or by snail mail Arthur Brandenberger. At the end of their trip to the ice, the at: 929 E. Crown Ridge Drive, Oro Valley, AZ 85755-8800. reporters received a picture with all of them, taken at the Pearl Harbor National Memorial by the US Navy. ● New OAEA Member David Harrowfield is looking for a Unfortunately there are no names of the people on the PDF copy of the declassified USS Edisto cruise chart for the backside of the picture. For Marc it's very difficult to find out Ross Sea during Deep Freeze I (1955–56). David can be who is who. His father took a lot of pictures, also made a reached by email at: [email protected]. movie (8mm). His father died in 2011 Marc digitized his father’s movies including the one of Antarctica. Now he ● Harold Witsman aka “Moose The Weather Guy” is looking want to re-edit and add pictures and text to make the movie for information from anyone who remembers what happened lively, but for the generic at the end he wants those names to the picture/painting of Fata Morgan that disappeared from and pictures of the other reporters. The movie will be meant the lounge of their hut during Deep Freeze 64), the for personal use. Can anyone tell Marc which press agencies picture/painting was hanging in the lounge that was a or newspapers Mr. Ishimaru and Mr. Skrotsky worked Some depiction of Fata Morgana over-looking McMurdo Sound. According to Moose: I don't remember all the details on the print (have been looking for a photo in my files but no joy). It was in a glass-enclosed hand made (& stained) wood frame about 2 by 3 feet. Maybe one of you other "B- 1 Zappers" can remember some more details on the print or have some later information as to its where abouts? It "disappeared or was stolen" during the summer support season. I was asleep in my room off the lounge when the picture "disappeared", sooo, the reason it has irked me over the years. I was hoping, probably foolishly, by publishing this letter in the Gazette, that somebody might have a tip or fess up before I head for the Big Iceberg in the Marc’s father is on the front row third from left. He would Sky. It sure would help me get some sleep during my eternal like to know which one is Leverett Richards rest (or is it rest during eternal sleep?). Anyway, hope ya'll

reporters that Marc recognizes in this picture are: On front have a nice Antarctica day?. Hoping for a confession. Moose row from left to right: 3rd, Jan De Laet (Belga); 4th. Ernest can be reached by email at: [email protected], by phone at: A. Richter (Pacific Stars and Stripes). Row behind from left 850-862-7678, or by snail mail at: 15 Linwood Road NW, to right: 2nd. Kenneth Weaver, National Geographic; 4th. Fort Walton Beach FL 32547-1914,

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● OAEA Associate Member Ronald Stephano who is from Editor’ Note: 216 pages illustrated with 250+ color Luxembourg wrote and recently self published a pictorial photos & drawings, some full page, 26 b&w photos, by review of R4D-5L & 6L Antarctic Operations. The book is Jim Waldron and other DF veterans. Also includes titled Operation Deep Freeze II Gooney Birds and the First numerous drawings and graphics by Ron. Forward by South Pole Landing. According to Ron no publisher was LCDR Conrad “Gus” Shinn, Que Sera Sera Pilot on the interested so the book is being privately printed. One first landing at the geographic South Pole. publisher told him that they only want military book about bombs and weapons, explosions and detonations, so only wartime stories. Antarctic aviation and exploration sounded too dull for them… So Ron only had 26 copies printed the first time, and most of them are gone. However, he will order more— probably in quantities of 20 per two months, depending on interest. The selling price will unfortunately be quite high for a book. The asking price will be $70.00 per book (that is 50 Euro, which is the money transfer rate of 4 May 2020—which is practically no profit at all). Shipping: $25.00 (that includes postage, wrapping material, and handling). Ordering by e-mail with payment by PayPal (to Ron’s e-mail account at: Doris Day Sings Que Sera Sera [email protected]). As payment Ron can only accept PayPal, which is the easiest and fastest.

IGY Logo

Front cover Partial back cover of Gooney Birds containing information about the book contents.

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● the following email was received from Alexander Saunders Editor’s Note: I still have some of my old clothing from via the OAEA Webmaster: the Antarctic. Attached is a photo from DF-63. I was in I am hoping we can get some help with this here. I the US Navy but you will notice that I am wearing a US run a clothing archive based out of Nova Scotia, Canada Army shirt. In those days our supply department and am currently in the process of putting together a purchased our clothing from a military surplus store and photography book that focuses mainly on vintage we ended up with the US army shirts and parkas. Most menswear from approx 1900 up to the 1970s. Our archive guys removed the US Army patches, but I left mine on. I has a large assortment of military, mountaineering, and also have a parka made by one of the Parachute Riggers Arctic/Antarctic garments. and a pair of the Ray Ban double gradient sunglass, I am reaching out here in hopes that some of you may which are a prized possession. Below are two samples have in your possession some garments, such as the from Alex’s book (these are all garments from their wonderful Parkas, Smocks, Bags, and misc Extreme Cold archives). Weather clothing of the early USARP (US Antarctic Research Program), BAS (British Antarctic Survey), NZARP (New Zealand Antarctic Research Program) and misc. military programs such as Operation Deep Freeze. We have a decent amount of funding set aside for the acquisition of pieces that we find interesting, and are more than willing to work out a great price for them. The pieces will be photographed, researched, and given a good home here in Nova Scotia. If you provide an email address I can provide photos of the types of things we are seeking, and if there was any way you could help get our message out to your members (perhaps through your newsletter if that would be appropriate), that would be a fantastic help. These historic garments need to be protected, preserved, and shared with people so that the work of these amazing Men and Women is never forgotten. Thanks so much! Alexander can be reached by email at the following: [email protected]. Or by snail mail at: 445 Ridge Rd, Wolf Ville, Nova Scotia B4P 2R1 Canada

Hooded parka with USGS patch.

Billy-Ace Baker with William McKay discussing message traffic. Baker’s US ARMY patch can be seen on his shirt. Military cold weather jacket with TF-43 patch with Ray Ban Double Gradient sunglasses and case