Daily Programs Will Be Times Can Change

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Daily Programs Will Be Times Can Change DAILY PROGRAM TUESDAY, 03.01.2017 – EMBARKATION USHUAIA RESTAURANT TIMINGS TEA,COFFEE & COOKIES 16:00 – 17:30 PANORAMA LOUNGE, DECK 7 BUFFET DINNER 18:00 – 21:00 RESTAURANT, DECK 4 16:00 Check-In the ship in the meantime as Most of the time we will use Check in is on deck 3 and 4. we will depart as soon as all our PolarCirkle boats for Suites can check in on deck 7. are on board! landings. For organizational purposes we are going to 16:00-17:30 Medical Forms Our customary first evening separate you into groups of Please deliver your medical Captain’s Welcome Cocktails approximately 30 - 35 forms to the Doctor in the will take place tomorrow passengers. On deck 4 by the lobby on deck 4. evening. conference rooms, you find an overview of the groups. Have 16:00-17:30 Learn more about a look which group you are in. our voyage and meet some of IMPORTANT: the Expedition Team members Daily Programs will be Times can change. We would in the Observation Lounge on delivered to your cabin each like to inform you that all deck 7. evening. stated times and activities are changeable due to weather Approx. 17:30 Mandatory Expedition Jackets and and ice conditions, or other Safety Drill Please follow the Rubber Boots will be available circumstances out of our instructions over the PA for collection over the coming control. system. The drill will end days. outside, please bring a warm We kindly remind you to take care jacket. We may have the opportunity walking around on the ship while at sea. Especially venturing out on to stamp your passport at an deck, mind the signs for warning of MS FRAM Departs from Antarctic base during our wet and slippery decks. Be aware the Ushuaia around 21:30 tonight. voyage. If you would NOT like doors toward the outer decks on 4, 5, We are waiting for a number of a stamp, please see 7 and 8 can be potentially dangerous delayed passengers and staff. Reception, Deck 4. in windy conditions. While walking inside, hold on to railings but not in However, please do not leave door frames. DAILY PROGRAM WEDNESDAY, 04.01.2017 – AT SEA OVERVIEW OF RESTAURANT TIMINGS EARLY BIRD SELF SERVICE 06:00 - 07:30 BISTRO, DECK 4 BREAKFAST BUFFET 07:30 - 10:00 RESTAURANT, DECK 4 LUNCH BUFFET 12:00 - 14:30 RESTAURANT, DECK 4 TEA TIME 15:30 - 17:00 PANORAMA LOUNGE, DECK 7 DINNER MENU 18:00 1st seating RESTAURANT, DECK 4 DINNER MENU 20:00 2nd seating RESTAURANT, DECK 4 08:30 – 10:00 You are 14:30 Framheim / English 18:00 & 20:00 Film welcome to pick up your Regina gives a talk on the Polhøgda / Deutsch: Expedition Jacket on deck 2. geological history of The Endurance - Verschollen Antarctica: The stones' tale - a im Packeis, 90 min. 10:00 Framheim / English time trip through Antarctica. The Antarctic Ecosystem by 21:30: Captains Cocktail: Francis Wiese 14:30 Polhøgda / Deutsch Panorama Lounge, deck 7. Das antarktische Ôkosystem Our captain welcomes you on 10:00 Polhøgda / Deutsch by Francis Wiese board and introduces his Die Erzählung der Steine - officers and the expedition eine Zeitreise durch die 16:00 Framheim / English team. Antarktis by Regina Gehmlich Stian gives Information about extra activities. Bridge visit: If you wish to visit 11:30 Framheim / English: the bridge, please sign up at Jim presents the plans for our 16:00 Polhøgda / Deutsch the Expedition Desk. Sign up voyage & our landings in Judith presents Information list are divided in languages. Antarctica. about extra activities. Timings for bridge visits will be given in the daily program. 11:30 Polhøgda / Deutsch: 17:00 Polhøgda / Chinese Pål presents the plans for our Yibo & Stian present If you wish to have dinner with voyage & our landings in Information about extra some members of the Antarctica. activities. expedition team one evening 18:00 & 20:00 Film: during the expedition, please 12:15 Polhøgda / Chinese sign up at the Expedition Yibo & Jim present the plans Framheim / English: South - Ernest Shackleton and Desk. An invitation with date for our voyage & our landings in Antarctica. the Endurance Expedition, 80 min, old footage and time will be sent to your cabin the day before. If we and tundra vegetation. Belief Resolution and Adventure, cannot accommodate all in the existence of a Terra crossed the Antarctic Circle on requests we will do a drawing Australis – a vast continent in 17 January 1773, in December of names. the far south of the globe to 1773 and again in January "balance" the northern lands of 1774. Antarctica, on average, is the Europe, Asia and North Africa coldest, driest, and windiest – has existed since the times continent, and has the highest of Ptolemy (1st century AD), average elevation of all the who suggested the idea to continents. Antarctica is preserve the symmetry of all We would like to inform you that considered a desert, with known landmasses in the all stated times and activities are annual precipitation of only world. Depictions of a large changeable due to weather 200 mm (8 inches) along the southern landmass were conditions, or other circum- coast and far less inland. common in maps such as the stances out of our control. We There are no permanent early 16th century Turkish Piri kindly remind you to take care human residents, but Reis map. Even in the late walking around on the ship while at sea. Especially venturing out anywhere from 1,000 to 5,000 17th century, after explorers had found that South America on deck, mind the signs for people reside throughout the warning of wet and slippery. Be year at the research stations and Australia were not part of aware the doors toward the outer scattered across the continent. the fabled "Antarctica", decks on 4, 5, 7 and 8 can be Only cold-adapted plants and geographers believed that the potentially dangerous in windy animals survive there, continent was much larger conditions. While walking inside, including penguins, seals, than its actual size. European hold on to railings but not in door nematodes, tardigrades, maps continued to show this frames. mites, many types of algae hypothetical land until Captain and other microorganisms, James Cook's ships, HMS DAILY PROGRAM THURSDAY, 05.01.2017 – AT SEA OVERVIEW OF RESTAURANT TIMINGS EARLY BIRD SELF SERVICE 06:00 - 07:30 BISTRO, DECK 4 BREAKFAST BUFFET 07:30 - 09:30 RESTAURANT, DECK 4 LUNCH BUFFET 12:00 - 14:30 RESTAURANT, DECK 4 TEA TIME 15:30 - 17:00 PANORAMA LOUNGE, DECK 7 DINNER MENU 18:00 1st seating RESTAURANT, DECK 4 20:00 2nd seating In accordance with 10:30 Polhøgda / Chinese 14:00 – 16:00 Vacuuming for International Association of Mandatory IAATO briefing with backpacks and other things Antarctica Tour Operators Yibo & Pål, boat group 3 & 4 you will bring ashore in (IAATO) protocols, Antarctic and we reveal our plans for Antarctica you will be called by Treaty regulations, and tomorrow. boat group to use the vacuum Norwegian law, the IAATO system on deck 2 and 3 - staff briefings are mandatory for From 11:00 and onwards: We are available to assist you. all passengers. Please will call you by your boat group arrange to be present if you to collect your "Rubber boots Please sign the IAATO like to land in Antarctica. - Arctic Muck Boots" on deck declaration afterwards and 2 and 3. The group lists are to collect your boat group 09:30 Framheim / English be found on the info board on patch, which you attach to Mandatory IAATO briefing with deck 4. your jacket. Jim, boat group 5 and 6 and we reveal our plans for 14:00 Framheim / English tomorrow. You can try on a pair, and we Documentary: Penguins – Spy show you down to the boot in the huddle 09:30 Polhøgda / Deutsch room where you can set them Mandatory IAATO briefing with on the rack sorted by cabin 15:30 Lens Cleasing Session Pål, boat group 1 und 2. Wir numbers for the duration of the with our photographer Dominic geben zudem die Pläne für voyage. If you brought your At the fireplace, Deck 4. morgen bekannt. private rubber boots - please come down to deck 2 and 16:30 Framheim: Mandatory 10:30 Framheim / English have them placed on the rack briefing for everyone who has Mandatory IAATO briefing with on deck 2. signed up for kayaking. Jim, boat group 7 and 8 and 12:00 Booking deadline for we reveal our plans for 17:30 Framheim / English tomorrow. extra activities, post-cruise excursions and transfers. Mandatory briefing for everyone who has signed up Please turn page. for Polar Circle Cruising. A name steeped in legend, 60ºS, the convergence is an Elephant Island is an icon for ever-changing frontier. It is the 17:30 Polhøgda / Deutsch & “Antarctics” the way Cape biological limit of the Antarctic Chinese Mandatory briefing Horn is for mariners. This ecosystem and anywhere for everyone who has signed imposing and desolate island south of the convergence is up for Polar Circle Cruising. was home to 22 marooned known as the Antarctic Ocean. members of Sir Ernest While there is often a low fog Approx 18:00 We will do ships Shackleton’s fabled 1914 in the area and an increase in cruising with the FRAM on the Imperial Trans-Antarctic wildlife, other than using a coast of Elephant Island and Expedition for four and a half thermometer, there is no way the famous Point Wild, which months while they awaited to know when you are was home to Shackeltons’ rescue.
Recommended publications
  • Para Conhecer a Terra: Memórias E Notícias De Geociências No Espaço Lusófono Autor(Es): Lopes, F.C. (Coord.); Andrade, A. I
    Para conhecer a Terra: memórias e notícias de Geociências no espaço lusófono Lopes, F.C. (coord.); Andrade, A. I. (coord.); Henriques, M. H. (coord.); Autor(es): Quinta-Ferreira, M. (coord.); Reis, R. Pena dos (coord.); Barata, M. T. (coord.) Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/24406 DOI: DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-0534-0 Accessed : 11-Oct-2021 03:52:55 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. pombalina.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt 9 789892 605111 Série Documentos A presente obra reúne um conjunto de contribuições apresentadas no I Congresso Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra Internacional de Geociências na CPLP, que decorreu de 14 a 16 de maio de 2012 no Coimbra University Press Auditório da Reitoria da Universidade de Coimbra.
    [Show full text]
  • Tom Crean – Antarctic Explorer
    Tom Crean – Antarctic Explorer Mount Robert Falcon Scott compass The South Pole Inn Terra Nova Fram Amundsen camp Royal Navy Weddell Endurance coast-to-coast Annascaul food Elephant Georgia glacier Ringarooma experiments scurvy south wrong Tom Crean was born in __________, Co. Kerry in 1877. When he was 15 he joined the_____ _____. While serving aboard the __________ in New Zealand, he volunteered for the Discovery expedition to the Antarctic. The expedition was led by Captain __________ _________ __________. The aim of the expedition was to explore any lands that could be reaching and to conduct scientific __________. Tom Crean was part of the support crew and was promoted to Petty Officer, First Class for all his hard work. Captain Scott did not reach the South Pole on this occasion but he did achieve a new record of furthest __________. Tom Crean was asked to go on Captain Scott’s second expedition called __________ __________to Antarctica. This time Captain Scott wanted to be the first to reach the South Pole. There was also a Norwegian expedition called __________ led by Roald __________ who wanted to be the first to reach the South Pole. Tom Crean was chosen as part of an eight man team to go to the South Pole. With 250km to go to the South Pole, Captain Scott narrowed his team down to five men and ordered Tom Crean, Lieutenant Evans and Lashly to return to base _______. Captain Scott made it to the South Pole but were beaten to it by Amundsen. They died on the return journey to base camp.
    [Show full text]
  • South Georgia and Antarctic Odyssey
    South Georgia and Antarctic Odyssey 30 November – 18 December 2019 | Greg Mortimer About Us Aurora Expeditions embodies the spirit of adventure, travelling to some of the most wild opportunity for adventure and discovery. Our highly experienced expedition team of and remote places on our planet. With over 28 years’ experience, our small group voyages naturalists, historians and destination specialists are passionate and knowledgeable – they allow for a truly intimate experience with nature. are the secret to a fulfilling and successful voyage. Our expeditions push the boundaries with flexible and innovative itineraries, exciting Whilst we are dedicated to providing a ‘trip of a lifetime’, we are also deeply committed to wildlife experiences and fascinating lectures. You’ll share your adventure with a group education and preservation of the environment. Our aim is to travel respectfully, creating of like-minded souls in a relaxed, casual atmosphere while making the most of every lifelong ambassadors for the protection of our destinations. DAY 1 | Saturday 30 November 2019 Ushuaia, Beagle Channel Position: 20:00 hours Course: 83° Wind Speed: 20 knots Barometer: 991 hPa & steady Latitude: 54°49’ S Wind Direction: W Air Temp: 6° C Longitude: 68°18’ W Sea Temp: 5° C Explore. Dream. Discover. —Mark Twain in the soft afternoon light. The wildlife bonanza was off to a good start with a plethora of seabirds circling the ship as we departed. Finally we are here on the Beagle Channel aboard our sparkling new ice-strengthened vessel. This afternoon in the wharf in Ushuaia we were treated to a true polar welcome, with On our port side stretched the beech forested slopes of Argentina, while Chile, its mountain an invigorating breeze sweeping the cobwebs of travel away.
    [Show full text]
  • Navigation on Shackleton's Voyage to Antarctica
    Records of the Canterbury Museum, 2019 Vol. 33: 5–22 © Canterbury Museum 2019 5 Navigation on Shackleton’s voyage to Antarctica Lars Bergman1 and Robin G Stuart2 1Saltsjöbaden, Sweden 2Valhalla, New York, USA Email: [email protected] On 19 January 1915, the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, under the leadership of Sir Ernest Shackleton, became trapped in their vessel Endurance in the ice pack of the Weddell Sea. The subsequent ordeal and efforts that lead to the successful rescue of all expedition members are the stuff of legend and have been extensively discussed elsewhere. Prior to that time, however, the voyage had proceeded relatively uneventfully and was dutifully recorded in Captain Frank Worsley’s log and work book. This provides a window into the navigational methods used in the day-to- day running of the ship by a master mariner under normal circumstances in the early twentieth century. The conclusions that can be gleaned from a careful inspection of the log book over this period are described here. Keywords: celestial navigation, dead reckoning, double altitudes, Ernest Shackleton, Frank Worsley, Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, Mercator sailing, time sight Introduction On 8 August 1914, the Imperial Trans-Antarctic passage in the 22½ foot (6.9 m) James Caird to Expedition under the leadership of Sir Ernest seek rescue from South Georgia. It is ultimately Shackleton set sail aboard their vessel the steam a tribute to Shackleton’s leadership and Worsley’s yacht (S.Y.) Endurance from Plymouth, England, navigational skills that all survived their ordeal. with the goal of traversing the Antarctic Captain Frank Worsley’s original log books continent from the Weddell to Ross Seas.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Peninsula
    Hucke-Gaete, R, Torres, D. & Vallejos, V. 1997c. Entanglement of Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus gazella, by marine debris at Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Islets, Livingston Island, Antarctica: 1998-1997. Serie Científica Instituto Antártico Chileno 47: 123-135. Hucke-Gaete, R., Osman, L.P., Moreno, C.A. & Torres, D. 2004. Examining natural population growth from near extinction: the case of the Antarctic fur seal at the South Shetlands, Antarctica. Polar Biology 27 (5): 304–311 Huckstadt, L., Costa, D. P., McDonald, B. I., Tremblay, Y., Crocker, D. E., Goebel, M. E. & Fedak, M. E. 2006. Habitat Selection and Foraging Behavior of Southern Elephant Seals in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2006, abstract #OS33A-1684. INACH (Instituto Antártico Chileno) 2010. Chilean Antarctic Program of Scientific Research 2009-2010. Chilean Antarctic Institute Research Projects Department. Santiago, Chile. Kawaguchi, S., Nicol, S., Taki, K. & Naganobu, M. 2006. Fishing ground selection in the Antarctic krill fishery: Trends in patterns across years, seasons and nations. CCAMLR Science, 13: 117–141. Krause, D. J., Goebel, M. E., Marshall, G. J., & Abernathy, K. (2015). Novel foraging strategies observed in a growing leopard seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) population at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Animal Biotelemetry, 3:24. Krause, D.J., Goebel, M.E., Marshall. G.J. & Abernathy, K. In Press. Summer diving and haul-out behavior of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) near mesopredator breeding colonies at Livingston Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Marine Mammal Science.Leppe, M., Fernandoy, F., Palma-Heldt, S. & Moisan, P 2004. Flora mesozoica en los depósitos morrénicos de cabo Shirreff, isla Livingston, Shetland del Sur, Península Antártica, in Actas del 10º Congreso Geológico Chileno.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Peninsula Basecamp Voyages Trip Notes 2021/22
    ANTARCTIC PENINSULA BASECAMP VOYAGES 2021/22 TRIP NOTES ANTARCTIC PENINSULA BASECAMP VOYAGES TRIP NOTES 2021/22 EXPEDITION DETAILS Dates: Trip 1: November 11–23, 2021 Trip 2: December 22 to January 3, 2022 Trip 3: January 3–15, 2022 Trip 4: February 24 to March 8, 2022 Trip 5: March 8–20, 2022 Duration: 13 days Departure: ex Ushuaia, Argentina Price: From US$8,500 per person Weddell Seal. Photo: Ali Liddle Antarctica is seen by many as the ‘Last Frontier’ due to its remote location and difficulty of access; this is a destination very few people have the opportunity to experience. We cross the Drake Passage in our comfortable ship before it becomes our Base Camp for daily activities such as hiking, snowshoeing, kayaking, camping, glacier walking, photo workshops and landings ashore. There is something for everyone and is an opportunity to discover Antarctica at a range of different activity levels. walks across he Antarctic landscapes, photographers to TRIP OVERVIEW explore photo opportunities, campers to enjoy life at shore base camps, kayakers to explore nearby shores, Our Antarctic journeys begin in Ushuaia, Tierra del where the ship cannot go. Passengers who do not wish Fuego, on the southern tip of Argentina. Ushuaia is to be physically active will enjoy our zodiac excursions a bustling port town and its 40,000 inhabitants are and follow the normal shore program and land nestled between the cold mountains and an even excursions—easy to moderate walks and hikes with a colder sea. ‘Downtown’ has plenty of shops including focus on wildlife. internet cafés, cafés, clothes shops, chemists and an array of good restaurants.
    [Show full text]
  • Educator's Guide
    SOUTH POLE Amundsen’s Route Scott’s Route Roald Amundsen EDUCATOR’S GUIDE amnh.org/education/race Robert Falcon Scott INSIDE: • Suggestions to Help You Come Prepared • Essential Questions for Student Inquiry • Strategies for Teaching in the Exhibition • Map of the Exhibition • Online Resources for the Classroom • Correlation to Standards • Glossary ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Who would be fi rst to set foot at the South Pole, Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen or British Naval offi cer Robert Falcon Scott? Tracing their heroic journeys, this exhibition portrays the harsh environment and scientifi c importance of the last continent to be explored. Use the Essential Questions below to connect the exhibition’s themes to your curriculum. What do explorers need to survive during What is Antarctica? Antarctica is Earth’s southernmost continent. About the size of the polar expeditions? United States and Mexico combined, it’s almost entirely covered Exploring Antarc- by a thick ice sheet that gives it the highest average elevation of tica involved great any continent. This ice sheet contains 90% of the world’s land ice, danger and un- which represents 70% of its fresh water. Antarctica is the coldest imaginable physical place on Earth, and an encircling polar ocean current keeps it hardship. Hazards that way. Winds blowing out of the continent’s core can reach included snow over 320 kilometers per hour (200 mph), making it the windiest. blindness, malnu- Since most of Antarctica receives no precipitation at all, it’s also trition, frostbite, the driest place on Earth. Its landforms include high plateaus and crevasses, and active volcanoes.
    [Show full text]
  • Texts G7 Sout Pole Expeditions
    READING CLOSELY GRADE 7 UNIT TEXTS AUTHOR DATE PUBLISHER L NOTES Text #1: Robert Falcon Scott and Roald Amundsen (Photo Collages) Scott Polar Research Inst., University of Cambridge - Two collages combine pictures of the British and the Norwegian Various NA NA National Library of Norway expeditions, to support examining and comparing visual details. - Norwegian Polar Institute Text #2: The Last Expedition, Ch. V (Explorers Journal) Robert Falcon Journal entry from 2/2/1911 presents Scott’s almost poetic 1913 Smith Elder 1160L Scott “impressions” early in his trip to the South Pole. Text #3: Roald Amundsen South Pole (Video) Viking River Combines images, maps, text and narration, to present a historical NA Viking River Cruises NA Cruises narrative about Amundsen and the Great Race to the South Pole. Text #4: Scott’s Hut & the Explorer’s Heritage of Antarctica (Website) UNESCO World Google Cultural Website allows students to do a virtual tour of Scott’s Antarctic hut NA NA Wonders Project Institute and its surrounding landscape, and links to other resources. Text #5: To Build a Fire (Short Story) The Century Excerpt from the famous short story describes a man’s desperate Jack London 1908 920L Magazine attempts to build a saving =re after plunging into frigid water. Text #6: The North Pole, Ch. XXI (Historical Narrative) Narrative from the =rst man to reach the North Pole describes the Robert Peary 1910 Frederick A. Stokes 1380L dangers and challenges of Arctic exploration. Text #7: The South Pole, Ch. XII (Historical Narrative) Roald Narrative recounts the days leading up to Amundsen’s triumphant 1912 John Murray 1070L Amundsen arrival at the Pole on 12/14/1911 – and winning the Great Race.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Template
    Thinking with photographs at the margins of Antarctic exploration A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Canterbury by Kerry McCarthy University of Canterbury 2010 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... 2 List of Figures and Tables ............................................................................................ 5 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................... 6 Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 9 1.1 Thinking with photographs ....................................................................... 10 1.2 The margins ............................................................................................... 14 1.3 Antarctic exploration ................................................................................. 16 1.4 The researcher ........................................................................................... 20 1.5 Overview ................................................................................................... 22 2 An unauthorised genealogy of thinking with photographs .............................. 27 2.1 The
    [Show full text]
  • Title, Antarctic Village – No Borders Author, Ann Marie Pena First Published, the Hub Date, March 2007
    Title, Antarctic Village – No Borders Author, Ann Marie Pena First published, The Hub Date, March 2007 Bandera Antártida Hacia el sur en el blanco profundo se fundieron los colores del mundo y el silencio se hizo voz y el amor se hizo agua, y el agua se hizo paz y belleza Antártida, Antártida, escuela de humildad de ciencias y,... ecoamistad. Antártida, Antártida, altar de hielo y luz, reserva de agua y paz. Manuscrito en una servilleta Hotel Savoy, Rosario 1992 Antarctica, the end of the world: boasting the most hostile climatic conditions, the coldest place on earth with temperatures reaching -80 °C in winter, the largest frozen desert in the world, continaing 90% of the world's ice (approximately 70% of the world's fresh water), no permanent human residents, and no indigenous population. Yet over 4,000 research scientists from 27 different nations are constantly monintering the ecoszone of this southernmost continent, not to mention the hundreds and thousands of new eco-tourists aboard the cruise ships navigating the Half Moon Island, Whalers Bay, Deception Island, Paradise Harbor, Port Lockroy, Petermann Island. “[…] Vowing one day to venture to these invariably far-flung and often wholly inhospitable lands. Antarctica's treacherous, spiny tendril was one such irresistible location […] Like the bristly tail of some giant, prehistoric sea creature, the Antarctic Peninsula thrusts out past the Antarctic Circle, lunging vainly toward its sibling, the Andes, across the infamous Drake Passage. I'm standing on the bow of a modern ice vessel watching hefty chunks of disintegrating pack ice thud against the hull as we pick our way gingerly through a narrow channel.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Primer
    Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper Number: 2897 a History of Early Antarctic Fossil Discoveries in Support of the Supercontinent Gondwana Clary, R.M.1, and Sharpe, T.2
    Paper Number: 2897 A History of Early Antarctic Fossil Discoveries in Support of the Supercontinent Gondwana Clary, R.M.1, and Sharpe, T.2 1Mississippi State University, Box 5448, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA; [email protected] 2Centre for Lifelong Learning, Cardiff University, UK ___________________________________________________________________________ First proposed by Eduard Suess (1831-1914), the supercontinent Gondwana included the present-day continents of South America, Africa, Australia, India, and Antarctica. Alexander Du Toit (1878-1948) expanded Suess’ work in his 1937 book, Our Wandering Continents; An Hypothesis of Continental Drifting. Correlating evidence to support the inclusion of Antarctica in the Gondwana supercontinent would result from the stratigraphic and paleontological data collected within early polar expeditions. Early rock and fossil specimens of Antarctica were recovered by the 1829-1831 Antarctic Expedition sponsored by the United States of America. The expedition included a scientific program, supported by the Lyceum for Natural History of the City of New York. James Eights (1798-1882) produced quality scientific work, including a geological description of the Shetland Islands, and the first fossil of the Antarctic—carbonized wood [1, 2]. The Norwegian expedition of 1893-1894, under Carl Anton Larsen (1860-1924), also found petrified wood fossils on Seymour Island. The wood hinted of a warmer climate in Antarctica’s past, and sparked scientific interest [3]. Within the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration (1897-1922), additional fossils were uncovered. Cretaceous ammonites, molluscs, echinoderms and leaves were collected on Seymour Island, and additional plant fossils at Hope Bay, by geologist Nils Otto Gustaf Nordenskjöld (1869-1928) during the Swedish South Polar Expedition of 1901-1904.
    [Show full text]