DOCSLIB.ORG

Ending Decades of Animosity: Framing 2014 Thaw in US-Cuba

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ending Decades of Animosity: Framing 2014 Thaw in US-Cuba al Science tic & li P El-Bendary, J Pol Sci Pub Aff 2016, 4:2 o u P b f l i o c DOI: 10.4172/2332-0761.1000199 l A a Journal of Political Sciences & f n f r a u i r o s J ISSN: 2332-0761 Public Affairs Research Article Open Access Ending Decades of Animosity: Framing 2014 Thaw in US-Cuba Diplomatic Relations in the Washington Post and Miami Herald El-Bendary Md* Former Journalism Lecturer, Massey University, New Zealand Abstract On December 17, 2014, US President Barak Obama and Cuban President Raúl Castro simultaneously announced from Washington and Havana that their countries would resume diplomatic relations ended half a century ago. But how did the US press frame the détente? Exploratory and comparative in nature, the study mainly and inclusively examines- via qualitative and quantitative analysis-the US press’s coverage of the restoration of US-Cuba diplomatic relations. It seeks out the themes in newspaper opinion items in the Miami Herald and The Washington Post to explain the American public’s position and interpretation of Obama’s new Cuba policy. Keywords: Cuban revolution; Cold war; Cuba policy; Soviet union The thaw has had a wider implication in Latin America, particularly for Cuba’s strong regional partner Venezuela-another American Introduction bogeyman in Latin America and the ideological crony of Cuba-which is 4 On December 17, 2014, U.S. President Barack Obama and Cuban encountering economic instability because of declining oil prices . The President Raúl Castro simultaneously announced from Washington American public’s opinion was divided on the issue. A Pew Research and Havana that their countries would resume normal diplomatic Center poll (2015) revealed that 63% of Americans support restoring relations ended half a century ago. Super-secret talks were under way diplomatic relations with Cuba, while only 32% believe it would result between the United States and Cuba for more than a year, and the in greater democracy on the island. This change in opinion was also 5 decision took many by surprise. The US broke off diplomatic relations displayed among Cuban Americans . A survey conducted by the with Cuba on January 3, 1961, following the 1959 Cuban Revolution Florida-based Bendixen and Amandi International (2014) found that which brought Fidel Castro to power. Under Castro’s communist Cuban Americans are closely divided on Obama’s policy shift with leadership, U.S Cuba relations were filled with animosities, including Cuba, with 44% supporting normalizing relations with Cuba and 48% the failed 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion and an American trade embargo opposing it. Finding revealed a significant generational gape, with 53% imposed on the island a year later. This tug-of-war with Cuba-a nation, of those born in Cuba opposing the policy change and 64% of Cuban of eleven million continued, spanning eleven U.S presidencies. “These Americans born in the US supporting it. 50 years have shown that isolation has not worked,” said Obama in his But was the American press optimistic or pessimistic in its coverage announcement. of the rapprochement? Exploratory and comparative in nature, this In his televised address, eighty-three-year-old President Castro, study mainly and inclusively examines the US press’s coverage of the who assumed leadership from his brother Fidel in 2008, observed that 2014 restoration of US-Cuba diplomatic relations. It seeks out the there remain profound differences between his country and America themes in newspaper opinion items of the détente in the Miami Herald, with the embargo continuing to be the stumbling block. Castro which is published from south Florida and caters to America’s largest added that they freed U.S. Agency for International Development Cuban community, and The Washington Post, a “newspaper of record” subcontractor Alan Gross from detention for humanitarian causes. The which operates from the nation’s capital where US foreign policy historic three-for-one prisoner swap included Washington’s release of decisions are manufactured6. We did not include Spanish-language three Cuban spies serving long terms in American prisons in exchange newspapers such as El Nuevo Herald, which is also owned by the for the release of an unnamed US intelligence agent. The three Cuban prisoners are part of the spy network known as the Cuban Five who Miami Herald Media Company, because we desired newspapers that were convicted of informing Havana of the movements of anti-Castro reach a wider audience in Florida and not just the Cuban American Cubans in Miami and of operations that led to Cuba’s 1996 shoot down 4From a peak of $100 in late June 2014, the price of Venezuelan oil hit $42.44 a of two airplanes in Florida carrying anti-Castro activists1. barrel six months later. 5There are roughly two million Cubans and Americans of Cuban descent living in Obama declared that efforts will be exerted toward re-instating US the US. and Cuban embassies in Havana and Washington respectively. In the 6The Post has won forty seven Pulitzer Prizes and was published in 1877; the month that followed, and until this study was completed in late January Herald has won twenty Pulitzer Prizes and was published in 1903. 2015, the Cuban government released all the fifty three Cuban political prisoners2 whose cases had been advocated for by Washington-and it promised to increase Internet connections for its citizens3. *Corresponding author: El-Bendary Md, Former Journalism Lecturer, Massey 1The shooting of the Brothers to the Rescue airplanes resulted in the death of three University, New Zealand, Tel: +20 0122026243; E-mail: [email protected] Americans and a legal resident. The Cuban Five spies are admired in Cuba as Received April 25, 2016; Accepted April 28, 2016; Published May 02, 2016 anti-terrorism heroes, and three of them were held in US jails for sixteen years; the other two were freed before the Obama-Castro agreement because they served Citation: El-Bendary M (2016) Ending Decades of Animosity: Framing 2014 Thaw their term already. in US-Cuba Diplomatic Relations in the Washington Post and Miami Herald. J Pol 2The Castro government did consent to Washington’s demands that the Cuban Sci Pub Aff 4: 199. doi:10.4172/2332-0761.1000199 dissidents be allowed to remain in Cuba and take part in peaceful political activities. Copyright: © 2016 El-Bendary M. This is an open-access article distributed under 3Following the statement made by US officials on January 12 that all 53 Cuban the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted political prisoners were released, human rights monitors in Miami argued that only use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and 43 were released. source are credited. J Pol Sci Pub Aff ISSN: 2332-0761 JPSPA, an open access journal Volume 4 • Issue 2 • 1000199 Citation: El-Bendary M (2016) Ending Decades of Animosity: Framing 2014 Thaw in US-Cuba Diplomatic Relations in the Washington Post and Miami Herald. J Pol Sci Pub Aff 4: 199. doi:10.4172/2332-0761.1000199 Page 2 of 7 community. A discourse analysis of the frames found in opinion items • What are the most prominent frames and issues made salient in the two papers is utilized to explain the American public’s position in articles? and interpretation of Obama’s new Cuba policy. • How did they frame the position of the Cuban American News Framing and Discourse Analysis community on the issue? Framing research deals with how the media choose to depict issues • How often was reference made to the “Cold War” and and impart a certain spin to the events they cover. Tuchman [1] was the “communist/communism” in each newspaper? first to apply framing to news gathering and views that the most essential The main hypothesis is that the thaw in US-Cuba relations will mission of media framing is their capacity to organize everyday reality. receive mixed reactions in the US media. Coverage in the Herald will, Hence, noted Tuchman, “news is a window on the world”. Gitlin [2] however, be less favorable of the détente than in The Post, this is because notes that media frames organize the world for journalists who cover of the influence of the large Cuban-American community in Miami- it and for consumers who depend on their coverage. He perceives the capital of Cuban exile. The Herald will make more reference to framing as “persistent patterns of cognition, interpretation and communist/communism than the Post, while the latter will carry more presentation, of selection, emphasis, and exclusion, by which symbol mentioning of the Cold War than the earlier. This is possibly because handlers routinely organize discourse”. To frame, said Entman [3], of reference that is likely to be made in Herald articles by Cuban is “to select some aspects of a perceived reality and make them more Americans in south Florida-where more than one million Cubans salient in communicating text in such a way as to promote a particular reside-to the Castros as communists or symbols of Communism and problem definition, casual interpretation, moral evaluation, and/or to Cuba as a communist state. It is natural, on the other side, for the treatment recommendation”. Furthermore, when framing involves a discourse on Cuba in a newspaper of record like The Post, published political enemy, it inexorably leads to stories that ignore certain facts from the nation’s capital, to be colored more with Cold War fever. Both and emphasize others [4]. In this study, it involves the US media’s papers will, however, praise Obama for ending what they perceive as definition of Cuba as a communist state and Castros as dictators, Cold War hysteria.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Areas and Periods of Culture in the Greater Antilles Irving Rouse
    AREAS AND PERIODS OF CULTURE IN THE GREATER ANTILLES IRVING ROUSE IN PREHISTORIC TIME, the Greater Antilles were culturally distinct, differingnot only from Florida to the north and Yucatan to the west but also, less markedly,from the Lesser Antilles to the east and south (Fig. 1).1 Within this major provinceof culture,it has been customaryto treat each island or group FIG.1. Map of the Caribbeanarea. of islands as a separatearchaeological area, on the assumptionthat each contains its own variant of the Greater Antillean pattern of culture. J. Walter Fewkes proposedsuch an approachin 19152 and worked it out seven years later.3 It has since been adopted, in the case of specific islands, by Harrington,4Rainey,5 and the writer.6 1 Fewkes, 1922, p. 59. 2 Fewkes, 1915, pp. 442-443. 3 Fewkes, 1922, pp. 166-258. 4 Harrington, 1921. 5 Rainey, 1940. 6 Rouse, 1939, 1941. 248 VOL. 7, 1951 CULTURE IN THE GREATERANTILLES 249 Recent work in connectionwith the CaribbeanAnthropological Program of Yale University indicates that this approach is too limited. As the distinction between the two major groups of Indians in the Greater Antilles-the Ciboney and Arawak-has sharpened, it has become apparent that the areas of their respectivecultures differ fundamentally,with only the Ciboney areas correspond- ing to Fewkes'conception of distributionby islands.The Arawak areascut across the islands instead of enclosing them and, moreover,are sharply distinct during only the second of the three periods of Arawak occupation.It is the purpose of the presentarticle to illustratethese points and to suggest explanationsfor them.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Democracy, the Cuban Five and the ANPP by Arnold August, April 2012
    U.S. Democracy, the Cuban Five and the ANPP By Arnold August, April 2012 The U.S. has its definition of democracy. It is promoted for other countries that do not adhere to the U.S. as being the leader of the world. Cuba is one of those countries. For those countries that are allies or friendly to the U.S., Washington does not insist on its model. Since 1959, Cuba’s defence of its sovereignty and right to self-determination is perhaps the most consistent and long-lasting resistance to U.S. domination of any country in the contemporary world. U.S. democracy promotion for Cuba is far from being peaceful. The U.S. political and judicial system is not democratic when it comes to many issues as my book details in Chapter 2. One of the most flagrant violations of human rights in the entire history of the U.S. justice system is the case of the Cuban Five. Who are Gerardo Hernández, Ramón Labañino, Antonio Guerrero, Fernando González and René González, to whom I have dedicated my book? It is necessary to go back into history to get to the roots of the Cuban Five. The U.S., as reviewed in Chapter 5, has used every means, including violence, in order to try to force regime change in Cuba, with “democracy promotion” being one of the signposts. Since 1960, there have been approximately 800 terrorist acts inside Cuba, resulting in 3,478 people being killed and 2,099 injured. “It is hard not to find someone who doesn’t have a story to tell of a relative or friend who has been a victim of terrorism.”1 According to the late U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Artist's Work Lets Cubans Speak out in Havana for Freedom
    Artist's work lets Cubans speak out in Havana for freedom By FABIOLA SANTIAGO A packed performance art show at the 10th Havana Biennial, a prestigious international festival, turned into a clamor of ''Libertad!'' as Cubans and others took to a podium to protest the lack of freedom of expression on the island. The provocative performance Sunday night, recorded and posted Monday on YouTube, was staged by acclaimed Cuban artist Tania Bruguera, a frequent visitor to Art Basel Miami Beach who lives in Havana. Bruguera set up a podium with a microphone in front of a red curtain at the Wifredo Lam Center, an official art exhibition space and biennial venue. Two actors clad in the military fatigue uniforms of the Ministry of the Interior, the agency charged with spying on Cubans' activities, flanked the podium and carried a white dove. Bruguera let people from the standing-room only audience come to the microphone for no more than one minute. As people spoke, the white dove was placed on their shoulders by the actors. ''Let's stop waiting for permission to use the Internet,'' urged Yoani Sánchez, who has written a controversial award-winning ''Generación Y'' blog chronicling Cuban life under constant threats from the government. ''Libertad! Libertad!'' shouted one man. ''Too many years of covering the sun with one finger,'' said another. To every call for freedom, the audience responded with shouts of ``Bravo!'' The performance appeared to mock a historic Jan. 8, 1959, victory speech by Fidel Castro at which a white dove landed on his shoulder, viewed by many as a sign of divine recognition.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Cubans
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Cubans and the Caribbean South: Race, Labor, and Cuban Identity in Southern Florida, 1868-1928 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Andrew Gomez 2015 © Copyright by Andrew Gomez 2015 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Cubans and the Caribbean South: Race, Labor, and Cuban Identity in Southern Florida, 1868- 1928 by Andrew Gomez Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Los Angeles, 2015 Professor Frank Tobias Higbie, Chair This dissertation looks at the Cuban cigar making communities of Key West and Ybor City (in present-day Tampa) from 1868 to 1928. During this period, both cities represented two of largest Cuban exile centers and played critical roles in the Cuban independence movement and the Clear Havana cigar industry. I am charting how these communities wrestled with race, labor politics, and their own Cuban identity. Broadly speaking, my project makes contributions to the literature on Cuban history, Latino history, and transnational studies. My narrative is broken into two chronological periods. The earlier period (1868-1898) looks at Southern Florida and Cuba as a permeable region where ideas, people, and goods flowed freely. I am showing how Southern Florida was constructed as an extension of Cuba and that workers were part of broader networks tied to Cuban nationalism and Caribbean radicalism. Borne out of Cuba’s independence struggles, both communities created a political and literary atmosphere that argued for an egalitarian view of a new republic. Concurrently, workers began to ii experiment with labor organizing. Cigar workers at first tried to reconcile the concepts of nationalism and working-class institutions, but there was considerable friction between the two ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Latino Louisiana Laź Aro Lima University of Richmond, [email protected]
    University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Latin American, Latino and Iberian Studies Faculty Latin American, Latino and Iberian Studies Publications 2008 Latino Louisiana Laź aro Lima University of Richmond, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/lalis-faculty-publications Part of the Cultural History Commons, and the Latin American Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Lima, Lazá ro. "Latino Louisiana." In Latino America: A State-by-State Encyclopedia, Volume 1: Alabama-Missouri, edited by Mark Overmyer-Velázquez, 347-61. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, LLC., 2008. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin American, Latino and Iberian Studies at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Latin American, Latino and Iberian Studies Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 19 LOUISIANA Lazaro Lima CHRONOLOGY 1814 After the British invade Louisiana, residents of the state from the Canary Islands, called Islenos, organize and establish three regiments. The Is/enos had very few weapons, and some served unarmed as the state provided no firearms. By the time the British were defeated, the Islenos had sustained the brunt of life and property loss resulting from the British invasion of Louisiana. 1838 The first. Mardi Gras parade takes place in New Orleans on Shrove Tuesday with the help and participation of native-born Latin Americans and Islenos. 1840s The Spanish-language press in New Orleans supersedes the state's French-language press in reach and distribution. 1846-1848 Louisiana-born Eusebio Juan Gomez, editor of the eminent Spanish­ language press newspaper La Patria, is nominated as General Winfield Scott's field interpreter during the Mexican-American War.
    [Show full text]
  • The Spanish- American War
    346-351-Chapter 10 10/21/02 5:10 PM Page 346 The Spanish- American War MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW Terms & Names In 1898, the United States U.S. involvement in Latin •José Martí •George Dewey went to war to help Cuba win America and Asia increased •Valeriano Weyler •Rough Riders its independence from Spain. greatly as a result of the war •yellow journalism •San Juan Hill and continues today. •U.S.S. Maine •Treaty of Paris One American's Story Early in 1896, James Creelman traveled to Cuba as a New York World reporter, covering the second Cuban war for independ- ence from Spain. While in Havana, he wrote columns about his observations of the war. His descriptions of Spanish atrocities aroused American sympathy for Cubans. A PERSONAL VOICE JAMES CREELMAN “ No man’s life, no man’s property is safe [in Cuba]. American citizens are imprisoned or slain without cause. American prop- erty is destroyed on all sides. Wounded soldiers can be found begging in the streets of Havana. The horrors of a barbarous struggle for the extermination of the native popula- tion are witnessed in all parts of the country. Blood on the roadsides, blood in the fields, blood on the doorsteps, blood, blood, blood! . Is there no nation wise enough, brave enough to aid this blood-smitten land?” —New York World, May 17, 1896 Newspapers during that period often exaggerated stories like Creelman’s to boost their sales as well as to provoke American intervention in Cuba. M Cuban rebels burn the town of Jaruco Cubans Rebel Against Spain in March 1896.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S.-Cuba Non-Relations: an Analysis of the Embargo and the Cuban Medical Professional Parole Program
    U.S.-Cuba Non-Relations: An Analysis of the Embargo and the Cuban Medical Professional Parole Program Author: Christina Wentworth Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3025 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2013 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. U.S.-CUBA NON-RELATIONS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE EMBARGO AND THE CUBAN MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL PAROLE PROGRAM by Christina Wentworth Submitted in partial fulfillment of graduation requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts Boston College International Studies Program May 2013 Advisor: Professor Paul Gray Signature: IS Thesis Coordinator: Professor Hiroshi Nakazato Signature: © Christina Wentworth 2012 Abstract Since Fidel Castro rose to power in Cuba over fifty years ago, U.S.-Cuban relations have been defined by mutual hostility. Even though Castro is no longer the president of Cuba, the authoritarian and communist state remains in power in the hands of his brother, Raúl. As the hegemon of the Western Hemisphere, the United States has labored to combat this repressive force that threatens democracy only ninety miles from its shores. Nevertheless, U.S. efforts to destabilize the Castro regime in Cuba have not been effective. In this paper, I analyze the U.S. embargo against Cuba and the Cuban Medical Professional Parole Program, both of which are U.S. government initiatives intended to weaken the Cuban government. Through a comparison of U.S. relations with Saudi Arabia, China, and Cuba I find that the United States’ foreign policy is guided more by domestic pressure, strategic decisions, and economics than human rights or ideology.
    [Show full text]
  • African-Americans and Cuba in the Time(S) of Race Lisa Brock Art Institute of Chicago
    Contributions in Black Studies A Journal of African and Afro-American Studies Volume 12 Ethnicity, Gender, Culture, & Cuba Article 3 (Special Section) 1994 Back to the Future: African-Americans and Cuba in the Time(s) of Race Lisa Brock Art Institute of Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cibs Recommended Citation Brock, Lisa (1994) "Back to the Future: African-Americans and Cuba in the Time(s) of Race," Contributions in Black Studies: Vol. 12 , Article 3. Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cibs/vol12/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Afro-American Studies at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Contributions in Black Studies by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Brock: Back to the Future Lisa Brock BACK TO THE FUTURE: AFRICAN­ AMERICANS AND CUBA IN THE TIME(S) OF RACE* UBA HAS, AT LEAST SINCE the American revolution, occupied the imagination of North Americans. For nineteenth-century capital, Cuba's close proximity, its C Black slaves, and its warm but diverse climate invited economic penetration. By 1900, capital desired in Cuba "a docile working class, a passive peasantry, a compliant bourgeoisie, and a subservient political elite.'" Not surprisingly, Cuba's African heritage stirred an opposite imagination amongBlacksto the North. The island's rebellious captives, its anti-colonial struggle, and its resistance to U.S. hegemony beckoned solidarity. Like Haiti, Ethiopia, and South Africa, Cuba occupied a special place in the hearts and minds of African-Americans.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cuban Refugee Program by WILLIAM 1
    The Cuban Refugee Program by WILLIAM 1. MITCHELL* FOR the first time in its hist,ory t,he United the President.‘s Contingency Fund under the Sbates has become a country of first asylum for Mutual Security Act a.nd partly, at first, from large numbers of displaced persons as thousands private funds. In his fin,al report,, Mr. Voorhe.es of Cuban refugees have found political refuge reported that the refugee problem had assumed here. For the first t,ime, also, the United States proportions requiring national attention and made Government. has found it necessary to develop a several recommendations aimed at its solution. program to help refugees from another nation in this hemisphere. The principal port of entry for these refugees ESTABLISHING THE PROGRAM has been, and is, Miami, and most of them remain Secretary Ribicoff’s report t,o President Ken- in t.he Miami area. Many of t,he refugees quickly nedy reemphasized the need for a comprehensive exhaust any personal resources they may have. program of aid, and on February 3 the President The economic and social problems that they face directed the Secretary to take the following a.nd that they pose for Miami and for all of actions : southern Florida are obvious. State and local 1. Provide all possible assistance to voluntary official and volunt,ary welfare agencies in the area relief agencies in providing d&y necessities for have struggled valiantly with these problems- many of the refugees, for resettling as many of problems of shelter, of food, of employment, of them as possible, and for securing jobs for them.
    [Show full text]
  • Ever Faithful
    Ever Faithful Ever Faithful Race, Loyalty, and the Ends of Empire in Spanish Cuba David Sartorius Duke University Press • Durham and London • 2013 © 2013 Duke University Press. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper ∞ Tyeset in Minion Pro by Westchester Publishing Services. Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Sartorius, David A. Ever faithful : race, loyalty, and the ends of empire in Spanish Cuba / David Sartorius. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978- 0- 8223- 5579- 3 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978- 0- 8223- 5593- 9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Blacks— Race identity— Cuba—History—19th century. 2. Cuba— Race relations— History—19th century. 3. Spain— Colonies—America— Administration—History—19th century. I. Title. F1789.N3S27 2013 305.80097291—dc23 2013025534 contents Preface • vii A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s • xv Introduction A Faithful Account of Colonial Racial Politics • 1 one Belonging to an Empire • 21 Race and Rights two Suspicious Affi nities • 52 Loyal Subjectivity and the Paternalist Public three Th e Will to Freedom • 94 Spanish Allegiances in the Ten Years’ War four Publicizing Loyalty • 128 Race and the Post- Zanjón Public Sphere five “Long Live Spain! Death to Autonomy!” • 158 Liberalism and Slave Emancipation six Th e Price of Integrity • 187 Limited Loyalties in Revolution Conclusion Subject Citizens and the Tragedy of Loyalty • 217 Notes • 227 Bibliography • 271 Index • 305 preface To visit the Palace of the Captain General on Havana’s Plaza de Armas today is to witness the most prominent stone- and mortar monument to the endur- ing history of Spanish colonial rule in Cuba.
    [Show full text]
  • Latinos in Massachusetts: Cubans
    University of Massachusetts Boston ScholarWorks at UMass Boston Gastón Institute for Latino Community Gastón Institute Publications Development and Public Policy Publications 7-2020 Latinos in Massachusetts: Cubans Gaston Institute, University of Massachusetts Boston Phillip Granberry University of Massachusetts Boston, [email protected] Krizia Valentino University of Massachusetts Boston Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umb.edu/gaston_pubs Part of the Latina/o Studies Commons, Migration Studies Commons, Public Policy Commons, and the Race and Ethnicity Commons Recommended Citation Gaston Institute, University of Massachusetts Boston; Granberry, Phillip; and Valentino, Krizia, "Latinos in Massachusetts: Cubans" (2020). Gastón Institute Publications. 256. https://scholarworks.umb.edu/gaston_pubs/256 This Research Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Gastón Institute for Latino Community Development and Public Policy Publications at ScholarWorks at UMass Boston. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gastón Institute Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at UMass Boston. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Latinos in Massachusetts: Cubans By Phillip Granberry, PH.D., and Krizia Valentino July 2020 THE MAURICIO GASTÓN INSTITUTE FOR LATINO COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY Foreword The Mauricio Gastón Institute’s description of the Cuban population of Massachusetts mirrors that of other states where Cubans have settled – from its large concentrations
    [Show full text]
  • Fidel Castro
    History in the Making Volume 10 Article 10 January 2017 In Memoriam: Fidel Castro Andria Preciado CSUSB Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making Part of the Latin American History Commons Recommended Citation Preciado, Andria (2017) "In Memoriam: Fidel Castro," History in the Making: Vol. 10 , Article 10. Available at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/history-in-the-making/vol10/iss1/10 This In Memoriam is brought to you for free and open access by the History at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in History in the Making by an authorized editor of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. In Memoriam In Memoriam: Fidel Castro By Andria Preciado “A revolution is a struggle to the death between the future and the past.” – Fidel Castro Fidel Castro died on November 25, 2016 at 90 years old in Havana, Cuba, after a dictatorship that lasted nearly five decades. Castro was a staple of the 20th century and an emblem of the Cold War. He was either loved or hated by those he encountered – national leaders and civilians alike – some were swayed by his charm and others fled from his brutal leadership. The Russians praised him; the Americans feared him; the world was perplexed by him; and his impact changed Cuba forever. Even after Castro’s death, people were still drawn to him; crowds mourned his passing in Havana, while others celebrated his death in the United States. The radically different reactions to his death across the globe stands as a testament to the revolutionary legacy he left behind.
    [Show full text]