About the Catalogue
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL) sixth annual Information Resources Catalogue can help keep you up-to-date on the research, development, opportunities, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory available technologies in energy efficiency and renewable energy. The catalogue includes 1617 Cole Boulevard five main sections with entries grouped according to subject area. Golden, Colorado 80401-3393
Most of the publications in this catalogue—and many others on energy efficiency and NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratory renewable energy—can be found on Web sites developed and/or maintained by NREL. The first Operated by Midwest Research Institute ¥ Battelle ¥ Bechtel section provides a listing of these “Internet Resources,” which is especially helpful if you’d like to NREL/BK-310-27838 access information quickly. You can also access the latest information using these resources. March 2000 A good place to start a search for information is on NREL’s Publications Database at www.nrel.gov/publications/.
The second section provides concise descriptions of the “General Interest Publications” produced by NREL during its 1999 fiscal year. These publications highlight the advances in energy NOTICE: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States efficiency and renewable energy technologies, as well as the NREL and U.S. Department of Energy government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes (DOE) programs that encourage their advancement and use. any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its The last three sections in the catalogue—“Technical Reports,” “Conference Papers, Journal use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any Articles, Book Chapters,” and “Patents”—can help the research community and industry stay specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its updated on the latest innovations from NREL’s labs. endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors We hope you find this catalogue useful and informative. expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof.
Printed in the United States of America
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About the National Renewable Energy Laboratory Available for a processing fee to U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information NREL is DOE’s premier laboratory for renewable energy and energy efficiency research, P.O. Box 62 development, and deployment. The Laboratory is a national resource committed to leadership, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062 excellence, and innovation in renewable energy and related technologies. phone: 865.576.8401 fax: 865.576.5728 email: [email protected] NREL conducts research in photovoltaics, wind energy, building energy efficiency, biofuels, Available for sale to the public, in paper, from: hybrid vehicles, fuels utilization, biomass power, hydrogen, concentrating solar power, U.S. Department of Commerce geothermal power, and superconductivity. Advances made in these research areas enable the National Technical Information Service private sector to make informed choices from a number of energy options. 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 phone: 800.553.6847 Key to NREL’s mission is facilitating the transfer of these technologies to private industry for fax: 703.605.6900 commercialization. We do this by cooperating with industry through cost-shared agreements, email: [email protected] online ordering: http://www.ntis.gov/ordering.htm collaborating with universities and other researchers, and making facilities available for experiments, analyses, and proprietary studies. Information pertaining to the pricing codes can be found in the current issue of the following publications which are generally available in most libraries: Government Reports Announcements and Index (GRA and I); NREL is managed for DOE by Midwest Research Institute, Battelle, and Bechtel. Scientific and Technical Abstract Reports (STAR); and publication NTIS-PR-360 available from NTIS at the above address. Contents
Internet Resources ...... 1 General Interest Publications ...... 3 Technical Reports ...... 17 Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters...... 25 Patents ...... 53 Title Index ...... 55
Contents i The sites listed below provide information on many energy efficiency Internet and renewable energy technologies. New Internet sites are created regularly, so be sure to visit these Web pages often for new and Resources updated information.
National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)—http://www.nrel.gov
Since its inception in 1977, NREL’s mission has been to develop energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies and transfer these technologies to the private sector. The Web site provides information about NREL’s technologies, online resources, and programs.
NEW—Clean Energy Basics—an online primer on energy efficiency and renewable energy at http://www.nrel.gov/clean_energy/
Research and Technology—NREL’s research activities and expertise help reduce the cost and increase the use of renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies.
Basic Sciences and Materials—http://www.nrel.gov/st-bsm.html Buildings and Thermal Systems—http://www.nrel.gov/buildings_thermal/ Electricity Technologies—http://www.nrel.gov/st-et.html Fuels and Chemicals—http://www.nrel.gov/st-fc.html Industrial Technologies—http://www.nrel.gov/st-it.html Measurements and Testing—http://www.nrel.gov/st-mt.html Photovoltaics—http://www.nrel.gov/photovoltaics.html Renewable Energy Resources—http://www.nrel.gov/energy_resources/ Transportation—http://www.nrel.gov/transportation/ Wind Energy—http://www.nrel.gov/wind/
Online Resources—NREL’s databases provide documents and digital photographs of renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies.
NREL Publications—http://www.nrel.gov/publications/ PIX—Online Photographic Library—http://www.nrel.gov/data/pix/pix.html
Partnerships—NREL creates and coordinates partnerships for market and technology development. NREL programs also help teachers instruct tomorrow's workforce about science, math, and clean energy solutions.
International Programs—http://www.nrel.gov/international/ Technology Transfer—http://www.nrel.gov/technologytransfer/ Education Programs—http://www.nrel.gov/education/
Internet Resources 1 Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Network (EREN) http://www.eren.doe.gov
EREN is the official Web site for the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. EREN contains documents from DOE programs and maintains links to other government, education, industry association, and international organization Web sites. EREN offers a robust search capability and resources for energy professionals and consumers.
Technologies
Bioenergy—http://www.eren.doe.gov/RE/bioenergy.html Buildings—http://www.eren.doe.gov/EE/buildings.html Geothermal—http://www.eren.doe.gov/RE/geothermal.html Hydrogen—http://www.eren.doe.gov/RE/hydrogen.html Hydropower—http://www.eren.doe.gov/RE/hydropower.html Industry—http://www.eren.doe.gov/EE/industrial.html Ocean—http://www.eren.doe.gov/RE/ocean.html Solar—http://www.eren.doe.gov/RE/solar.html Transportation—http://www.eren.doe.gov/EE/transportation.html Utilities—http://www.eren.doe.gov/EE/utilities.html Wind—http://www.eren.doe.gov/RE/wind.html
Specialized Resources
Consumers—http://www.eren.doe.gov/consumerinfo/ Education—http://www.eren.doe.gov/education/ Financing—http://www.eren.doe.gov/financing Kids—http://www.eren.doe.gov/kids.html News—http://www.eren.doe.gov/news Solicitations—http://www.eren.doe.gov/solicitations.html
Related Information
DOE Headquarters—http://www.doe.gov/ DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy—http://www.eren.doe.gov/ee.html DOE Regional Support Offices—http://www.eren.doe.gov/rso.html DOE Golden Field Office—http://www.eren.doe.gov/golden/ DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)—Energy Science and Technology Database—http://www.osti.gov/eren/eren.html
2 Information Resources Catalogue The following publications are grouped according to subject matter General for your convenience.These documents contain information that is generally nontechnical in nature and is intended for a wide audience. Unless otherwise noted, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Interest general interest publications are available in limited quantities from NREL’s Document Distribution Service at (303) 275-4363 (phone), Publications (303) 275-4053 (fax), or [email protected] (e-mail).
Biofuels News—Winter 1999, Vol. 2, Alternative Fuels No. 1 (Newsletter). January 1999; 4 pp. Biomass Power This issue focuses on the financing of bioenergy projects, including an article Biofuels: A Solution for Climate Biomass Cofiring: A Renewable on the U.S. Department of Energy’s Change (Brochure). December 1998; Alternative for Utilities and Their Regional Biomass Energy Program, 6 pp. The use of fossil fuels releases Customers (Brochure). May 1999; which strives to match local biomass greenhouse gas emissions into the 4 pp. Utilities can burn coal along with resources to local energy needs. atmosphere, contributing to global biomass—organic matter—to generate Order no. DOE/GO-10099-698. warming. This brochure discusses an electricity. The process is called alternative—biofuels made from organic cofiring. This brochure discusses the Ethanol: Separating Fact from matter, such as corn, which release little environmental advantages, economics, Fiction (Fact sheet). April 1999; 4 pp. or no greenhouse gas emissions. and technical challenges of cofiring, as Ethanol—a fuel produced from corn or Order no. DOE/GO-10098-580. well as consumer support for such other biomass sources—has emerged as renewable energy options. a desirable alternative to petroleum Biofuels News—Fall 1998, Vol. 1, Order no. DOE/GO-10099-758. products. Its use not only reduces the No. 4 (Newsletter). November 1998; emissions of harmful pollutants, but 4 pp. This issue focuses on the use of also helps bolster the agricultural agricultural residues, such as sugarcane industry through its production. This waste and rice hulls, in the production of fact sheet dispels the misconceptions ethanol. It also includes an article on the concerning ethanol that have arisen potential of switchgrass as an energy crop despite its positive aspects. for the production of ethanol. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-736. Order no. DOE/GO-10098-674. Excellence in Biotechnology for Biofuels News—Spring 1999, Vol. 2, Renewable Fuels and Chemicals. No. 2 (Newsletter). April 1999; 4 pp. This NREL's Biotechnology Center for issue focuses on the U.S. Department of Fuels and Chemicals Capabilities Energy’s efforts to bridge the gap between Brochure. 1999; 6 pp. This brochure the corn ethanol industry and new takes a look at NREL’s Biotechnology technologies for making ethanol from Center for Fuels and Chemicals, agricultural wastes, such as corn stover including its mission, professional staff, and corn fiber. It includes articles on a research activities and facilities, areas of plan to commercialize corn stover and expertise, and industry partnership on the renewed interest in an old tax opportunities. credit for ethanol producers. Order no. BR-580-24111. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-762. Biomass Cofiring: A Renewable Biofuels News—Summer 1999, Alternative for Utilities (Fact sheet). Vol. 2, No. 3 (Newsletter). July 1999; August 1999; 2 pp. Utilities can burn 4 pp. This issue focuses on the research coal along with biomass—organic and development of biodiesel: a fuel matter—to generate electricity. The made from vegetable oils, animal fats, process is called cofiring. This fact sheet or recycled cooking greases. It features discusses the environmental advantages, articles on a fuel-blend of diesel and economics, technical challenges, and corn-derived ethanol; a program testing planned demonstrations of cofiring, a soybean-based fuel—B20—on school as well as consumer support for such buses; and the U.S. Department of renewable energy options. Energy’s final ruling on the B20 credit Order no. DOE/GO-10099-914. for federal and state fleets. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-880.
General Interest Publications 3 Small Modular Biopower Systems Electrifying Pinnacles. Federal (Fact sheet). August 1999; 1 p. Biomass or Energy Management Program: organic matter can be used as a fuel Technical Assistance Detailed Case source in the generation of electricity. This Study (Fact sheet). October 1998; 4 pp. fact sheet provides a quick look at a U.S. Before 1996, the National Park Service Department of Energy initiative to develop used diesel generators to provide small, modular biopower systems, which electricity for its facilities at the can be used to provide electricity at the Pinnacles National Monument in household and village level. California. In addition to producing Order no. DOE/GO-10099-915. noise and pollution, the generators also increased the risk of diesel fuel spills in this environmentally sensitive area. Buildings This fact sheet provides information on the park service’s solution—a hybrid photovoltaic system, which has replaced Advanced Desiccant Cooling and the diesel generators and even saves Dehumidification Program money. Overview (Fact sheet). August 1999; Order no. DOE/GO-10098-543. 2 pp. The use of desiccant materials in cooling and dehumidification systems Energy Star® Partnerships Generate is an effective, economical, and Powerful Savings at Home and at environmentally safe method for Work. Office of Building Technology, meeting indoor air quality standards. State and Community Programs: Desiccant systems can also displace Program Brief. January 1999; 2 pp. chlorofluorocarbon systems that Communication and Collaboration This publication provides an overview contribute to the depletion of the ozone Keep San Francisco VA Medical of the Energy Star® program— layer. This fact sheet describes the Center Project on Track: sponsored by the U.S. Department of efforts of the U.S. Department of ESPC Case Study. Federal Energy Energy and the U.S. Environmental Energy’s Advanced Desiccant Cooling Management Program (FEMP) Protection Agency—which promotes and Dehumidification Program to Fact Sheet. August 1999; 2 pp. This is the use of energy-efficient appliances, promote the technology, including a case study about the Veterans Affairs electronics, windows, lighting, and partnering with industry, expanding the Medical Center in San Francisco, building materials. market, and educating industry users. California, which is saving more than Order no. DOE/GO-10099-699. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-873. $500,000 annually in energy costs from a Super Energy Savings Performance Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning. Borrower’s Guide to Financing Contract through FEMP. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Solar Energy Systems: A Federal Order no. DOE/GO-10099-819. Energy Clearinghouse (EREC) Overview, Second Edition (Booklet). (Brochure). June 1999; 8 pp. This March 1999; 44 pp. This guide provides Cooperative Efforts Raise Building brochure provides consumers with lenders and consumers with information Energy Codes and Appliance information on air conditioning systems: on nationwide financing programs for Standards. Office of Building how they work, the types available, solar energy systems: solar electric Technology, State and Community common problems, maintenance, (photovoltaic) and solar thermal (hot Programs: Program Brief. sealing/insulating air ducts, energy- water systems). It includes information on January 1999; 2 pp. This publication efficiency ratings, and how to select other ways to make solar energy systems gives an overview of the U.S. Department and install a new system. more affordable. of Energy’s Office of Codes and Standards To obtain copies, please contact EREC at Order no. DOE/GO-10099-742. programs, which establish minimum 1-800-DOE-EREC (1-800-363-3732). efficiency codes, standards, and Order no. DOE/GO-10099-379. Buildings for the 21st Century: guidelines for reduced energy use and Office of Building Technology, lower operating costs in U.S. building Federal Energy Management State and Community Programs components. Program: Program Overview (BTS) Newsletter; Vol. 1, No. 1 Order no. DOE/GO-10099-703. (Revised). Federal Energy June 1999; 4 pp. This is a quarterly Management Program (FEMP) newsletter for those interested in BTS Counting on Solar Power for (Fact sheet). July 1999; 2 pp. This fact programs and research efforts. The first Disaster Relief. Federal Energy sheet provides a quick look at how issue features articles on EnergySmart Management Program: Technical FEMP, a U.S. Department of Energy Schools, the BTS strategic plan, the BTS Assistance Case Study (Fact sheet). program, helps federal agencies reduce roadmapping effort, the State Energy April 1999; 4 pp. Solar-powered energy costs, increase energy efficiency, Program, the BTS Web site redesign, generators can reliably provide electricity use renewable energy, and conserve and on an Energy Star® video broadcast. during disasters, and this fact sheet water. Order no. DOE/GO-10098-690. explains how. It includes a list of Order no. DOE/GO-10099-765. manufacturers and distributors. (see photo on this page) Order no. DOE/GO-10099-729.
4 Information Resources Catalogue New National Conservation Save with Solar, Summer 1999, Seven Steps to Savings: How to Training Center a Model of Vol. 2, No. 2. Federal Energy Implement an Energy-Saving Energy-Efficient Design. Federal Management Program (FEMP): Project. Federal Energy Energy Management Program: Quarterly Technical Bulletin. Management Program (FEMP) Technical Assistance Case Study September 1999; 8 pp. FEMP produces Technical Assistance (Fact sheet). (Fact sheet). October 1998; 2 pp. this quarterly bulletin for those who are May 1999; 4 pp. FEMP has developed The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service designed planning or working on installations of seven steps to achieving greater energy its National Conservation Training solar and other renewable energy and water efficiency in federal facilities. Center in West Virginia to use passive technologies in federal facilities. This fact sheet goes through each step, solar and energy-efficient technologies This issue includes information on using a successful U.S. Bureau of that are readily available, easily an Executive Order that promotes Reclamation project at the Glen Canyon maintained, and cost effective. This fact renewable energy, solar-powered lights, Dam’s visitor center as an example. sheet includes information on the the U.S. Department of the Interior’s Order no. DOE/GO-10099-554. center’s energy-efficient features, energy renewable energy installations, a solar- savings, and environmental benefits. powered post office, photovoltaic system Showering with the Sun at Order no. DOE/GO-10098-530. installations at U.S. Bureau of Land Chickasaw National Recreation Management field stations, and on a Area. Federal Energy Management Procuring Low-Energy Design and project in Boston. Program Technical Assistance Consulting Services. Federal Energy Order no. DOE/GO-10099-905. Detailed Case Study (Fact Sheet). Management Program (Brochure). January 1999; 4 pp. The Chickasaw March 1999; 12 pp. This is a guide for Save With Solar, Spring 1999, National Recreation Area in Oklahoma federal building managers, architects, Vol. 2, No. 1. Federal Energy uses a solar water heating system to and engineers on how to incorporate Management Program (FEMP): provide its visitors with hot showers. energy efficiency, renewable energy, Quarterly Technical Bulletin. This fact sheet discusses the system’s and passive solar design into the May 1999; 8 pp. FEMP produces this design, performance, and cost savings. construction or renovation of a federal quarterly bulletin for those who are Order no. DOE/GO-10099-670. building. planning or working on installations of Order no. DOE/GO-10099-723. solar and other renewable energy Software Tools for Energy Efficient technologies in federal facilities. This Buildings: Office of Building Rebuilding America— issue includes information on funding Technology, State and Community One Community at a Time. Office renewable energy projects at Native Programs (BTS) Buildings for the of Building Technology, State and American facilities; helping communities 21st Century Fact Sheet. March 1999; Community Programs: Program prepare for disasters using renewable 2 pp. This fact sheet takes a look at the Brief. January 1999; 2 pp. This energy; a daylighting Energy-Savings BTS Building Energy Software Tools Web publication provides an overview of the Performance Contract; the U.S. Postal site at U.S. Department of Energy’s Rebuild Service’s solar projects; proposed www.eren.doe.gov/buildings/tools_directory/, America program—a voluntary network renewable energy use in Antarctica; which provides information on more of community partnerships that improve and a federal strategy to deploy than 150 software tools for improving the energy efficiency of community renewables. the energy efficiency and/or for inte- buildings. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-799. grating renewable energy technologies Order no. DOE/GO-10099-701. into building systems. Save with Solar, Winter 1998, Order no. DOE/GO-10099-744. Vol. 1, No. 3. Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP): Solar Success Story at Quarterly Technical Bulletin. Moanalua Terrace. Federal Energy November 1998; 8 pp. FEMP produces Management Program: Technical this quarterly bulletin for those who are Assistance Detailed Case Study planning or working on installations of (Brochure). March 1999; 4 pp. Solar solar and other renewable energy systems provide an economically and technologies in federal facilities. This environmentally sound way to heat issue includes information on fiscal water for U.S. Navy housing in Pearl year 1998 funding for renewable energy Harbor, Hawaii. This brochure shares projects, the U.S. Department of Energy’s the Navy’s success story, including Million Solar Roof Initiative, an outdoor information on the economics and exhibition of light, a photovoltaic (PV) performance of solar water heaters. hybrid system at Volcanoes National Order no. DOE/GO-10099-671. Park, and on PV Power System Technology-Specific Super Energy Savings Performance Contracts. Order no. DOE/GO-10098-684.
General Interest Publications 5 Solar Water Heaters: The Next 4 pp. This publication provides an fact sheet discusses a new technology— Generation. Solar Buildings overview of the past, current, and future a transpired air collector system—that Program Fact Sheet. October 1998; BTS research efforts. uses solar energy for ventilation pre- 2 pp. This fact sheet discusses the U.S. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-704. heating, greatly reducing energy costs. Department of Energy’s efforts to reduce Order no. DOE/GO-10098-558. the costs of solar water heating systems Super Energy Savings Performance through research. Research includes Contracts: Program Overview. improving energy storage and freeze Federal Energy Management Chemical Technologies protection for piping; and the use of Program Brochure. August 1999; polymers and plastics in the 4 pp. This publication briefly explains construction of the systems. the benefits of using Super Energy Savings Beneficial Use and Recycling of Order no. DOE/GO-10098-557. Contracts (ESPCs) when financing Municipal Waste Combustion energy efficiency improvements for Residues: A Comprehensive State and Local Partnerships federal buildings. It includes success Resource Document. Wiles, C.; Accelerate the Use of New Energy stories, as well as information on Shepherd, P. April 1999; 141 pp. This Technologies. Office of Building Technology-Specific Super ESPCs and document summarizes information Technology, State and Community on the Federal Energy Management from worldwide sources on the beneficial Programs: Program Brief. Agency’s Service Network, which assists use of residues from the combustion of January 1999; 2 pp. This publication agencies with the Super ESPC process. municipal solid waste. It includes results gives an overview of the U.S. Department Order no. DOE/GO-10099-792. of numerous research projects, field of Energy’s state and community demonstrations, and actual full-scale programs, which have helped pass Systems Engineering: An Approach projects, demonstrating that the ash along new, cost-effective, energy-efficient That Can Save Millions of Dollars can be safely used. technologies and practices to many in Energy and Construction Costs. Order no. BK-570-25841. communities and households Building America—Buildings for nationwide. the 21st Century Fact Sheet. July 1999; Order no. DOE/GO-10099-700. 4 pp. This brochure discusses the Building Energy Efficiency America program’s approach to building, State Energy Program Operations which views the house as an integrated and Renewable Energy Manual. February 1999; 152 pp. This system of components and incorporates is a reference tool for the states and the improvements that yield optimal energy Communities of the Future: Energy program officials at the U.S. Department and cost savings, quality, and Programs for Livable Communities of Energy's Office of Building Technology, performance. It also provides information (Brochure). April 1999; 16 pp. State and Community Programs, and on some of the components and This booklet explains how the U.S. Regional Support Offices. It contains the improvements considered: advanced Department of Energy's Office of Energy information needed to apply for and framing, thermal envelope, ductwork, Efficiency and Renewable Energy helps administer State Energy Program grants, plumbing and wiring, and HVAC systems. communities across the nation deal including program history; application Order no. DOE/GO-10099-751. with issues of livability and sustainable rules and requirements; and program growth. Highlights include information administration and monitoring on energy-saving technologies and requirements. practices, some outstanding program Order no. DOE/GO-10099-735 or anecdotes, and regional and Internet BK-550-23585. contact information. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-757. State Energy Program Results: More Projects That Work. December 1998; 48 pp. This is a collection of successful, energy-saving projects undertaken by state programs with technical and financial assistance from the U.S. Department of Energy. The projects are organized under the following categories: buildings, transportation, industry, education, agriculture, financing, utilities, and sustainability and disaster relief. Order no. DOE/GO-10098-675. Transpired Air Collectors: Strong R&D Partnerships Energize Ventilation Preheating. Solar the Buildings of the 21st Century. Buildings Program Fact Sheet. Office of Building Technology, September 1998; 2 pp. Heating ventilated State and Community Programs air in commercial and industrial (BTS): Program Brief. January 1999; buildings can be very expensive. This
6 Information Resources Catalogue Technology Cooperation Agreement Army Base in Louisiana, and at the Little pumps (GHPs) tap into the stable Pilot Project: Development-Friendly Rock Air Force Base in Arkansas. temperature of the shallow ground to Greenhouse Gas Reduction Update Order no. DOE/GO-10099-910. heat buildings in winter and keep them (Fact sheet). May 1999; 2 pp. This fact cool, as well as provide hot water, in the sheet provides an updated overview of Geothermal Heat Pumps for summer. This fact sheet explains how the Technology Cooperation Agreement Medium and Large Buildings. schools can benefit from using GHPs. Pilot Project, which was launched by Office of Geothermal Technologies Benefits include aesthetics, individual several federal agencies, including the Fact Sheet. September 1998; 4 pp. room controls, energy savings, smaller U.S. Department of Energy, to establish Geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) tap space requirements, and safety. It also a model for climate change technology into the stable temperature of the provides three case studies and cooperation with developing and shallow ground to heat buildings in the information on installation methods. transitional countries. winter and keep them cool, as well as Order no. DOE/GO-10098-650. Order no. FS-26543. provide hot water, in the summer. This fact sheet explains how businesses Technology Cooperation can benefit from using GHPs for their Hybrid Electric Vehicles Agreement Pilot Project: medium-sized or large buildings. Benefits Development-Friendly Greenhouse include significant energy cost savings; Gas Reduction (Fact sheet). lower operation and maintenance costs; Sunrayce 99: 1300 Miles of Solar- October 1998; 2 pp. This fact sheet and increased employee and customer Powered Racing. January 1999; 4 pp. provides an overview of the Technology comfort. This brochure provides information on Cooperation Agreement Pilot Project, Order no. DOE/GO-10098-648. Sunrayce 99—a solar vehicle race from which was launched by several federal Washington, D.C, to Orlando, Florida, agencies, including the U.S. Department Geothermal Heat Pumps Make for college students—which was staged of Energy, to establish a model for Sense for Homeowners. Office of June 20-29 by the U.S. Department of climate change technology cooperation Geothermal Technologies Fact Energy, General Motors, and EDS. It with developing and transitional Sheet. September 1998; 4pp. also includes a timeline showing the countries. Geothermal heat pumps (GHPs) tap into evolution of solar-powered vehicles in Order no. FS-25708. the stable temperature of the shallow the race, and Web site information on ground to heat buildings in winter, and other solar-powered vehicle races. Environmental and Energy Benefits keep them cool, as well as provide hot Order no. BR-520-25908. of Geothermal Heat Pumps. Office of water, in the summer. This fact sheet Geothermal Technologies Fact Sheet. explains the benefits of using GHPs for September 1998; 4 pp. Geothermal heat homes, such as energy savings, lower Industry pumps (GHPs) tap into the stable maintenance costs, increased comfort, temperature of the shallow ground to and little if any environmental impact. heat buildings in winter and keep them It includes information on financing, Chemicals—Industry of the Future: cool, as well as provide hot water, in the as well as homeowner case studies. Office of Industrial Technologies summer. This fact sheet discusses the Order no. DOE/GO-10098-651 Brochure. January 1999; 8 pp. A new benefits of using a GHP: reduced pollution industry-led partnership with the U.S. and greenhouse gas emissions; minimized Department of Energy is working to ozone layer depletion; and improved strengthen the U.S. chemical industry's human health and comfort. It includes competitive position and further national a case study of GHP use at the Fort Polk economic goals. This brochure describes Army Base in Louisiana. how the partnership is promoting Order no. DOE/GO-10098-653. advanced technologies that optimize energy efficiency in operations, reducing Geothermal Heat Pumps for waste and energy-related emissions. Federal Buildings. Office of Order no. DOE/GO-10099-708 Geothermal Technologies Fact Sheet. August 1999; 6 pp. A U.S. Energy Matters— Presidential Executive Order calls for September/October 1999 the reduction of energy use in federal (Newsletter). September 1999; 8 pp. buildings. This fact sheet explains how The focus of this newsletter is to help geothermal heat pumps (GHPs)—which U.S. industry improve operational tap into the stable temperature of the efficiencies in industrial energy systems, shallow ground to heat buildings in such as electric motor, steam, compressed winter, and keep them cool and provide air, and combined heat and power. hot water in the summer—can help a This issue presents information about wide range of federal facilities accomplish energy-related contracted services and this goal. It includes information on Geothermal Heat Pumps Score partnerships available to industrial end Energy Savings Performance Contracts High Marks in Schools. Office of users. It also includes performance and Utility Area-Wide Contracts, as well Geothermal Technologies Fact Sheet. optimization tips for pumping systems. as case studies of GHP use at the Fort Polk September 1998; 4 pp. Geothermal heat Order no. DOE/GO-10099-908.
General Interest Publications 7 Energy Matters—May 1999 From Invention To Innovation Inventions and Innovation: (Newsletter). May 1999; 10 pp. The (Brochure). August 1999; 52 pp. The Helping Bring Your Energy Ideas focus of this newsletter is to help U.S. U.S. Department of Energy’s Inventions to Market (Brochure). June 1999; 2 pp. industry improve operational efficiencies and Innovation Program offers This brochure explains how the U.S. in industrial energy systems, such as assistance to independent inventors and Department of Energy’s Inventions and electric motor, steam, compressed air, small businesses engaged in developing Innovation Program can help an and combined heat and power. This new energy-saving technologies. This individual inventor or small business issue presents information about motor, program brochure explains how to develop and market energy-saving steam, and compressed air systems handle the innovation process, ideas. It includes information on the management, which includes improving commercialization process, innovation steps to realizing a vision, the resources boiler system efficiency with effective financing, technical development, available, notable achievements, and water treatment; reducing maintenance market assessment and strategy, and examples of ideas that have reached and energy costs with help from the how to establish an appropriate commercial markets. U.S. Department of Energy’s Industrial business structure. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-811. Assessment; and defining performance Order no. DOE/GO-10099-810. and identifying problems in an air Inventions and Innovation Project compressed system by data logging. Fact Sheets The U.S. Department of There’s also a special supplement on Energy’s Inventions and Innovation the Steam Challenge—a voluntary, Program can help an individual technical assistance program that helps inventor or small business develop and U.S. industry become more competitive market energy-saving ideas. The follow- through increased steam system ing fact sheets take a look at some of efficiency. the technologies developed through the Order no. DOE/GO-10099-589. program.
Energy Matters—March 1999 Acoustic Humidity Sensor: (Newsletter). March 1999; 8 pp. The Inventions and Innovation Forest focus of this newsletter is to help U.S. Products Project Fact Sheet. industry improve operational efficiencies January 1999; 2 pp. Overdrying in industrial energy systems, such as paper and textile products during electric motor, steam, compressed air, the manufacturing process wastes and combined heat and power. This energy. This fact sheet explains how issue presents information about utility manufacturers of paper and textiles financing and services, such as how a can improve quality and lower utility helped a customer reduce noise energy use by using a technology level and save energy; and the value that measures humidity acoustically. provided by energy service companies. Georgia-Pacific’s Insulation Upgrade Order no. DOE/GO-10099-680. It includes a special supplement on the Leads to Reduced Fuel Costs and Compressed Air Challenge™— Increased Process Efficiency: Steam Apparatus for Removing Bark a program that raises awareness about Challenge Forest Products Project from Whole Logs: Inventions the benefits of applying a “best Fact Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. This and Innovation Forest Products practices” approach to the management case study looks at how Georgia-Pacific Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; of compressed air systems. reduced fuel costs, increased process 2 pp. This fact sheet explains how a Order no. DOE/GO-10099-588. efficiency, and improved plant safety by new technology for removing bark insulating steam lines and replacing from logs—a Cradle Debarker™—can Energy Matters—January 1999 steam traps. save trees, reduce production costs, (Newsletter). January 1999; 12 pp. The Order no. DOE/GO-10099-546. and increase the economic value of focus of this newsletter is to help U.S. wood products. industry improve operational efficiencies Improving Industrial Compressed Order no. DOE/GO-10099-685. in industrial energy systems, such as Air System Performance: Office of electric motor, steam, compressed air, Industrial Technologies Brochure. Coal-Fired Air Turbine (CAT)- and combined heat and power. This January 1999; 4 pp. This brochure Cycle Plant: Inventions and issue includes information on the provides information on the resources Innovations Combined Heat following: how General Motors improved available through the Compressed Air and Power Project Fact Sheet. system efficiency; the effects of electric Challenge™, a program—cosponsored January 1999; 2 pp. Many power restructuring and deregulation; by the U.S. Department of Energy Office cogeneration and steam driven combined heat and power systems; the of Industrial Technologies—that works turbine systems for generating Northeast Premium Efficiency Motor to improve the efficiency and reliability electricity may be more energy Initiative; root cause failure analysis on of industrial compressed air systems. efficient, but they often can’t AC induction motors; how to improve Resources include training, a sourcebook, compete with the lower operating boiler and steam distribution; and a case studies, a bimonthly newsletter, and capital costs of conventional oil pump sourcebook. and an information clearinghouse. or natural gas systems. This fact sheet Order no. DOE/GO-10099-587. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-705. provides information on an energy-
8 Information Resources Catalogue Inventions and Innovation Project Filtering Molten Metal: powder before it is processed, Fact Sheets (continued from page 8) Inventions and Innovation increasing energy savings and Metalcasting Project Fact Sheet. production. efficient, coal-fired air turbine with January 1999; 2 pp. This fact sheet Order no. DOE/GO-10099-656. lower capital costs than other provides information on a filtering cogeneration systems. method for the injection casting of Order no. DOE/GO-10099-678. metal that not only improves the quality of the metal, but also provides Density Separation in Complex- significant energy savings because Mode Vibration Fluidized Beds: the method reduces the amount of Inventions and Innovation scrap that must be melted again. Mining Project Fact Sheet. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-681. January 1999; 2 pp. This fact sheet explains how a new method for High-Temperature Refractory separating dry mined coal through Ceramic Saves Energy: Inventions the use of vibrating beds eliminates and Innovation Monolithic the need to send the coal through a Refractory Material Project wet slurry process; and how it saves Fact Sheet. May 1999; 2 pp. energy and time, and cuts down on Conventional refractory materials, wastewater disposal. such as bricks, used in industrial Order no. DOE/GO-10099-640. rotary kilns typically have temperature limitations and require frequent Energy from Organic Waste: replacement from wear and thermal Inventions and Innovation shock. This fact sheet takes a look at Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; a new refractory material—G5—that 2 pp. This fact sheet explains how a can operate at higher temperatures new process, called wet thermal with increased wear resistance, and oxidation, can produce a liquid fuel improved thermal shock characteristics Ramex Tunneler: Inventions from organic waste without incinera- and energy efficiency. and Innovation Mining Project tion, which causes pollution. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-798. Fact Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-677. This fact sheet provides information Molten Film Paper Dryer: on a new rock-cutting tool that Inventions and Innovation Forest produces larger rock cuttings for Products Project Fact Sheet. easier handling; allows the energy- January 1999; 2 pp. This fact sheet efficient mining of any shape opening explains how a new, industrial paper in a rock; reduces air emissions and drying process—a molten metal bath pollution; and eliminates the costly —can dry paper using less energy and energy intensive need to drill and without the major capital holes for explosives. investment of conventional drying Order no. DOE/GO-10099-642. equipment. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-679. Recycling Acid and Metal Salts from Pickling Liquors: Inventions Producing Glass Fiber: and Innovation Steel Project Inventions and Innovation Fact Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. Glass Project Fact Sheet. This fact sheet explains how the iron January 1999; 2 pp. More than and steel industry can benefit 40,000 different products use glass economically and environmentally fibers for reinforcement. This fact from a new process that renews the sheet provides information on a new wastewater used to remove oxide energy-efficient furnace design, coatings from metal. which produces glass fibers that are Order no. DOE/GO-10099-686. more uniform, break less easily, and more economical to produce. Reflective Aluminum Chips: Order no. DOE/GO-10099-641. Inventions and Innovation Aluminum Project Fact Sheet. Products from Metal Powders: January 1999; 2 pp. This fact sheet Inventions and Innovation provides information on a new, Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; energy-efficient roofing technology— 2 pp. Powdered metals are used in aluminum chips. Aluminum chips the manufacturing process of many form a highly reflective surface on products. This fact sheet explains asphalt roofs that cuts down on heat how a new technology treats metal
General Interest Publications 9 Inventions and Innovation Project This is a case study of the Greenville Fact Sheets (continued from page 9) Tube Company’s efforts to improve energy efficiency in the production adsorption, reducing air conditioning process of stainless steel tubing. energy use. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-544. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-639. Improving Several Fan-Driven Rotary Electric Glass Furnace: Systems in an Oriented-Strand Inventions and Innovation Glass Board Manufacturing Facility: Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; Motor Challenge Forest Products 2 pp. Many types of glass optical Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; blanks are produced for lasers, 4 pp. This is a case study about a telescopes, cameras, lights, and many fan system optimization project that other products. This fact sheet explains resulted in substantial energy and how a new rotary electric furnace cost savings for Louisiana Pacific can mold these blanks more efficiently Corporation, a producer of oriented- than a conventional gas-fired furnace; strand board. and how using electric heat also Order no. DOE/GO-10099-709. saves energy and reduces air emissions. Motor System Upgrades Smooth Order no. DOE/GO-10099-654. the Way to Savings of $700,000 at Chevron Refinery: Motor Variable Wall Mining Machine Challenge Petroleum Project with Dual Duct Ventilation Making the Licensing Decision: Fact Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. System: Inventions and Inventions and Innovation This is a success story about a motor Innovation Mining Project Fact Program Booklet. October 1998; 36 pp. system efficiency improvement project Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. This fact Licensing a technology is a demanding that has resulted in significant cost sheet provides information on a new and highly specialized process. This and energy savings for Chevron at longwall mining machine that can booklet provides independent inventors its refinery in Richmond, California. cut and transport the most coal with and small business owners with the Order no. DOE/GO-10099-734. the least amount of effort, resulting information they need to understand in less energy use. the process. Motor System Usage in Forest Order no. DOE/GO-10099-643. Order no. DOE/GO-10098-667. Products: Motor Challenge Forest Products Industry Profile Wireless Telemetry Motor Challenge Project Fact Sheets Fact Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. Communication: Inventions and The U.S. Department of Energy’s Motor This fact sheet provides information Innovation Mining Project Fact Challenge program is an industry/ on how paper and pulp mill Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. The government partnership that works to companies can save money by using communication cables currently increase the use of energy-efficient, energy-efficient motor systems, used in the mining industry for industrial electric motor-driven systems. including pumps, fans, and transmitting data and voice signals It helps industry by encouraging the compressed air systems. Available to the surface are not always reliable appropriate matching and integration online only at in emergency situations. This fact of energy-efficient system components. www.oit.doe.gov/factsheets/#motor. sheet discusses the development of a The following fact sheets take a look at possible solution—a wireless telemetry some of the program’s advancements in Optimizing Electric Motor system, which would be more flexible motor-driven technology. Systems at a Corporate Campus and cost-effective. Facility: Motor Challenge Order no. DOE/GO-10099-644. Improved System Yields Chemicals Project Fact Sheet. $100,000 Annual Savings: Motor January 1999; 4 pp. This is a case Laboratory Coordinating Council: Challenge Aluminum Project study of a project that evaluated Partnerships with Industry Fact Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. around 1,000 motor systems in 29 (Brochure). November 1998; 6 pp. This This is a success story about Alcoa’s buildings at 3M’s corporate head- brochure provides information on the efforts to improve the energy quarters. Energy-saving upgrades U.S. Department of Energy’s Laboratory efficiency of systems that collect dust made to one of the buildings has Coordinating Council, which provides and other airborne impurities demonstrated the significant energy U.S. industry with access to a network of generated during the aluminum and cost savings possible for all of laboratory research and development production process. 3M’s facilities. expertise, and equipment for almost Order no. DOE/GO-10099-545. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-711. any research project. Order no. DOE/GO-10098-673. Improving Efficiency of Tube Reducing BOF Hood Scrubber Drawing Bench Reduces Energy Energy Costs at a Steel Mill: (see photo on this page) by 34%: Motor Challenge Project Motor Challenge Steel Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; 4 pp. Fact Sheet. January 1999; 4 pp.
10 Information Resources Catalogue Motor Challenge Project Fact This fact sheet provides information Sheets (continued from page 10) on a new, low-profile FCC process that increases yields and lowers costs This is a case study of the energy for refining operations of any size. efficiency improvements made to a Order no. DOE/GO-10099-631. furnace at one of Bethlehem Steel Corporation’s facilities, which resulted Die Casting Copper Motor Rotors: in energy savings, lower operational NICE3 Metalcasting Project Fact costs, and a decrease in system Sheet. October 1998; 2 pp Copper maintenance. conducts electricity more efficiently, Order no. DOE/GO-10099-710. but aluminum is preferred for manufacturing conductors in electric NICE3: Financial Support to induction rotor motors because it is Demonstrate Energy-Efficient and easier to die cast. This fact sheet Pollution-Preventing Technologies provides information on the (Brochure). November 1998; 2 pp. This development of motor rotor molds brochure contains information about a that can withstand the high U.S. Department of Energy cost-sharing temperatures needed for die casting grant program—National Industrial copper, which will enable motor Competitiveness through Energy, manufacturers to produce motors Environment, and Economics—that that use less electricity. advances U.S. industrial competitiveness Order no. DOE/GO-10098-595. by providing financial assistance to state and industry partnerships Lightweight Steel Containers: demonstrating energy-efficient, clean NICE3 Steel Project Fact Sheet. production technologies. It includes January 1999; 2 pp. This fact sheet program eligibility and evaluation provides information on a steel criteria, ineligible projects, and how to container construction method that apply for a grant. reduces energy use and steel con- Order no. DOE/GO-10098-647. sumption by using a can’s internal Process to Recover and Reuse pressure to make the walls rigid. Sulfur Dioxide in Metalcasting NICE3 Project Fact Sheets. NICE3— Order no. DOE/GO-10099-696. Operations: NICE3 Metalcasting National Industrial Competitiveness Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; through Energy, Environment, and Long Wavelength Catalytic 2 pp. In metalcasting, sulfur dioxide Economics—is a U.S. Department of Infrared Drying System for Wood is used in forming cold box molds; Energy cost-sharing grant program Fiber: NICE3 Forest Products it’s typically used once and then that works to advance U.S. industrial Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; discarded. This fact sheet provides competitiveness by providing financial 2 pp. Conventional wood fiber-drying information on a new process, called assistance to state and industry partner- systems, which consist of a raw pressure swing adsorption, that can ships demonstrating energy-efficient, flame shooting through a rotating recover almost 100% of the sulfur clean production technologies. The drum, often have problems with dioxide for reuse, resulting in following fact sheets take a look at product scorching and air emissions. significant energy savings. some of the technologies developed This fact sheet explains how infrared Order no. DOE/GO-10099-695. through the program. drying can reduce the moisture content in a more energy-efficient Recycling of Aluminum Dross/ Aluminum Scrap Decoater: and effective way without the use of Saltcake: NICE3 Aluminum NICE3 Aluminum Project Fact a direct flame. Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. This fact Order no. DOE/GO-10099-697. 2 pp. This fact sheet explains how sheet explains how an indirect-fired the manufacturing of ceramic kiln can turn aluminum scrap into Plastic Foam and Film Recovery products from recycled aluminum valuable feedstock, which secondary through Thermal Densification: waste saves energy and reduces smelters can use to produce new NICE3 Chemicals Project Fact landfill waste. products. Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. This fact Order no. DOE/GO-10099-730. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-732. sheet provides information on ReCylotron™, the first recycling Robotics Inspection System for Catalytic Cracking Demonstration technology demonstrated for plastic Storage Tanks: NICE3 Petroleum Plant: NICE3 Petroleum Project foams and films, which creates Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; Fact Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. energy savings from the decreased 2 pp. This fact sheet explains how a Petroleum refiners use fluid catalytic need to haul waste. robotics inspection system can cracking (FCC) technology to convert Order no. DOE/GO-10099-602. minimize the need to empty and crude oil into blending stocks for use vent storage tanks containing in gasoline, diesel, and heating oil. petroleum or petrochemicals for
General Interest Publications 11 NICE3 Project Fact Sheets studies, and available research, services, (continued from page 11) and resources. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-692. cleaning, and how it can save energy. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-731. OIT Plant Assistance Helps You Help Yourself: Office of Industrial SO3 Cleaning Process in Technologies (OIT) Technical Semiconductor Manufacturing: Assistance Fact Sheet. January 1999; NICE3 Project Fact Sheet. 2 pp. This fact sheet explains how OIT January 1999; 2 pp. Photoresist, a can help guide industrial manufacturing light-sensitive material, is used to plants through the process of identifying produce semiconductor wafers for energy saving opportunities. computers and other electronics. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-712. This fact sheet explains how hardened photoresist can be removed OIT Tools Can Help You Improve from the wafers without damage Productivity: Office of Industrial and with reduced use of hazardous Technologies (OIT) Technical chemicals by exposing the wafers to Assistance Fact Sheet. January 1999; sulfur trioxide gas. 2 pp. OIT provides a one-stop-shop, Order no. DOE/GO-10099-593. information clearinghouse that manufacturers can use to help make Textile Brine Separation: NICE3 their businesses more productive, Training Sessions and Materials Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; competitive, and efficient. This fact sheet Present Ways to Improve System 2 pp. This fact sheet explains how describes these sources of information, Efficiency: Office of Industrial textile manufacturers can save energy which include software and databases; Technologies Technical Assistance and reduce waste by using a new a technical newsletter; technical Fact Sheet. January 1999; 2 pp. This membrane technology to recover and publications; and access to a fact sheet offers information regarding reuse brine in the dyeing process. comprehensive Web site that lists OIT training sessions, teleconferences, and Order no. DOE/GO-10099-623. programs, training opportunities, and various training materials to teach links to other pertinent sites. companies ways to reduce energy use, Textile Finishing Process: NICE3 Order no. DOE/GO-10099-713 save money, and reduce waste and pol- Project Fact Sheet. January 1999; lution through system optimization. 2 pp. When liquid chemicals are States Industries of the Future Order no. DOE/GO-10099-714. used to finish fabrics, the process of (Brochure). January 1999; 2 pp. This drying the fabrics can consume a lot brochure provides information on the Turning Industry Visions into of energy. This fact sheet explains U.S. Department of Energy Office of Reality: Office of Industrial how the use of foam chemicals Industrial Technologies’ States Industries Technologies (OIT) Technology reduces the drying time, decreasing of the Future program, which encourages Partnerships Brochure. February 1999; natural gas consumption and states to help boost industry resource 18 pp. This brochure explains how increasing production speed. productivity through visioning, OIT is partnering with U.S. industry to Order no. DOE/GO-10099-611. roadmapping, and partnership activities. develop, demonstrate, and deploy It includes a typical state approach, state energy-saving technologies. It includes Office of Industrial Technologies benefits, and a list of state projects. partnership portfolio inserts for the (OIT) Financial Assistance Brochure. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-707. following industries: aluminum, chemical, February 1999; 8 pp. This brochure glass, metalcasting, forest products, and provides information on OIT’s Financial Technology Roadmap for steel. Assistance program for industrial Plant/Crop-Based Renewable Order no. DOE/GO-10099-694. technologies, which can potentially Resources 2020: Research Priorities improve energy efficiency, reduce wastes, for Fulfilling a Vision to Enhance Turning Point—November 1998 and enhance productivity. It includes U.S. Economic Security through (Newsletter). November 1998; 8 pp. The portfolio highlights, case studies, and Renewable Plant/Crop-Based focus of this newsletter is to help U.S. available research, services, and Resource Use. February 1999; 44 pp. industry improve operational efficiencies resources. Traditionally, petrochemicals have been in industrial energy systems, such as Order no. DOE/GO-10099-693. used to produce plastics and other electric motor, steam, compressed air, materials, but their resources are finite and combined heat and power. This Office of Industrial Technologies and often imported. Renewable materials issue features articles on an electric (OIT) Technical Assistance Brochure. from U.S. crops, trees, and agricultural motor system market assessment, a February 1999; 8 pp. This brochure wastes can provide many of the same motor systems software upgrade, provides information on OIT’s Technical chemical building blocks. This document Louisiana Pacific’s Motor Challenge Assistance program, which helps sets forth a roadmap and research pri- demonstration project, the systems manufacturers identify the best energy- orities to advance plant/crop-based approach, and on potential field efficient and pollution-preventing technologies in this area. measurement pitfalls. options for their industrial processes. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-706. Order no. DOE/GO-10098-586. It includes portfolio highlights, case 12 Information Resources Catalogue Consumer’s Guide to Buying a Solar at NREL. This issue focuses on two of the National Renewable Electric System. July 1999; 20 pp. This Thin Film PV Partnership’s national booklet is designed to guide consumers teams: CIS (copper indium diselenide) Energy Laboratory through the process of buying a solar and Cadmium Telluride. electric system. It provides basic Order no. BR-520-25282. Changing the Face of Energy information about photovoltaic systems, (Brochure). March 1999; 6 pp. This as well as guidelines for choosing installers, publication takes a look at how providers, and where to get help with researchers at NREL are applying permits, agreements, and warranties. modern physics to advance sustainable Order no. BR-520-26591 technologies for generating, transmitting, and storing energy. NCPV FY 1998 Annual Report. Order no. BR-590-26070. McConnell, R.D.; Hansen, A. June 1999; 572 pp. This report summarizes the in- house and subcontracted research and development activities under the National Center for Photovoltaics (NCPV) from October 1, 1997, through September 30, 1998. The NCPV is part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Photovoltaics (PV) Program. The program’s mission is to make PV a significant part of the domestic economy—as an industry and as an energy resource. Order no. BK-210-25626.
NREL PV Working With Industry, Second Quarter 1999 (Newsletter). July 1999; 12 pp. NREL produces this Photovoltaic Energy Program quarterly report to encourage cooperative Contract Summary, Fiscal Year (FY) research and development (R&D) by 1998. January 1999; 222 pp. The U.S. providing the U.S. photovoltaics (PV) Department of Energy’s National industry with information on the Photovoltaic Program supports efforts to activities and capabilities of researchers make photovoltaics (PV) an important at NREL. This issue features articles on part of our economy through three main National Renewable Energy PV R&D, solid-state theory, freezing activities: research and development, Laboratory Information Resources electron motion in the Solid-State technology development, and system Catalog—1998. Spectroscopy Lab, better PV through engineering and applications. For December 1998; 88 pp. This fifth annual chemistry, the thin-layer silicon barrier, FY 1998, this booklet gives an overview catalogue describes recent NREL and the future of PV. of the entire scope of these PV program publications and services that will keep Order no. BR-520-25848. activities, and provides project descriptions you up-to-date regarding the latest for subcontracted research activities with advances in renewable energy and NREL PV Working With Industry, industry and universities. energy efficiency. First Quarter 1999 (Newsletter). Order no. DOE/GO-10099-721. Order no. BK-330-24946. April 1999; 12 pp. NREL produces this quarterly report to encourage cooperative Photovoltaic Energy Program research and development (R&D) by Overview, Fiscal Year (FY) 1998. providing the U.S. photovoltaics (PV) March 1999; 24 pp. This booklet provides Solar Energy— industry with information on the activities an overview of the research and develop- Photovoltaics and capabilities of researchers at NREL. ment, technology development, and This issue focuses on the PV Manufacturing systems engineering and application Technology project, also known as activities under the National Center for Colorado Consumer’s Guide for PVMaT. Photovoltaics (NCPV) during FY 1998. Buying a Solar Electric System. Order no. BR-520-25930. The NCPV is part of the U.S. Department October 1998; 20 pp. This booklet is of Energy’s National Photovoltaics (PV) designed to guide consumers in Colorado NREL PV Working With Industry, Program. The program’s mission is to through the process of buying a solar Third Quarter 1998 (Newsletter). make PV a significant part of the electric system. It provides basic infor- October 1998; 12 pp. NREL produces this domestic economy—as an industry and mation about photovoltaic systems, as quarterly report to encourage cooperative as an energy resource. well as guidelines for choosing installers, research and development (R&D) by Order no. DOE/GO-10099-737. providers, and where to get help with providing the U.S. photovoltaics (PV) permits, agreements, and warranties. industry with information on the Order no. BR-520-25734. activities and capabilities of researchers
General Interest Publications 13 Alternative Fuel News: Barwood Cab Fleet Study Summary: Transportation Official Publication of the U.S. Alternative Fuel Case Study Department of Energy’s (DOE) (Fact sheet). May 1999; 6 pp. This is a Clean Cities Network and the case study of a cab company in Alternative Fuel News: Alternative Fuels Data Center; Maryland that incorporated a limited Official Publication of the U.S. Vol. 2, No. 6. March 1999; 16 pp. number of dedicated, compressed natural Department of Energy’s Clean Clean Cities is a program that encourages gas vehicles into its fleet. It includes Cities Network and the Alternative the use of alternative fuel vehicles and information on fuel economy and cost, Fuels Data Center; Vol. 2, No. 4. their supporting infrastructure through- maintenance comparison and cost, November 1998; 16 pp. Clean Cities is a out the nation. This issue features total operating costs, emissions results, program that encourages the use of articles on the niche market principle, and lessons learned. alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) and the increase in alternative fuel transit Order no. FS-540-26334. their supporting infrastructure through- buses nationwide, technology deployment, out the nation. This issue features a program that transports former Dedicated CNG Ford F250 Pickup. articles on how to comply with both the welfare recipients to work, DOE’s State Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Energy Policy Act of 1992 and the 1990 Energy Program funding opportunities, Information Series Fact Sheet. Clean Air Act by using AFVs; the and E85—a blend of ethanol and June 1999; 2 pp. NREL has conducted National Low Emission Vehicle program; gasoline. projects, under the U.S. Department of P-Series fuels, which are 70% biomass; Order no. BR-540-25912. Energy, that evaluate the performance alternative fuel school buses; Clean and acceptability of light-duty alternative Cities market development; Mobile Alternative Fuels News: fuel vehicles. This fact sheet provides Source Emission Reduction programs; Official Publication of the U.S. information on one of these studies, and the Transportation Equity Act for Department of Energy’s (DOE) which compared a 1998 F250 Ford the 21st Century. Clean Cities Network and the pickup that uses compressed natural Order no. BR-540-25273. Alternative Fuels Data Center; gas with its conventional gasoline Vol. 3, No. 1. May 1999; 20 pp. Clean model. It includes data on performance Alternative Fuel News: Cities is a program that encourages the and emissions. Official Publication of the U.S. use of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) Order no. DOE/GO-10099-801 Department of Energy’s Clean and their supporting infrastructure or FS-540-26519. Cities Network and the Alternative throughout the nation. This issue Fuels Data Center; Vol. 2, No. 5. features articles on the future of Denver SuperShuttle CNG Fleet December 1998; 16 pp. Clean Cities is a alternative fuels, the DOE EnergySmart Evaluation: Alternative Fuel Fleet program that encourages the use of Schools initiative, federal electric vehicle Start-Up Experience (Fact sheet). alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) and fleets, FuelMaker refueling systems, and May 1999; 6 pp. The Gas Research their supporting infrastructure through- the use of AFVs at national parks. Institute and the U.S. Department of out the nation. This issue features Order no. BR-540-25913. Energy, along with several industry articles on the oil embargo of 1973, partners, are collaborating with alternative fuel taxis, model year 1999 SuperShuttle of Denver, Colorado, to vehicle offerings, the U.S. Postal Service’s evaluate two of the latest natural gas AFV fleet, National Gas Vehicle Coalition, vehicle technologies available. This a trip across the country in an AFV, and fact sheet explains how the study will ZAP power systems. provide real-world information on using Order no. BR-540-25615. alternative fuel vehicles for shuttle services, including data on operation Alternative Fuel News: and maintenance costs, vehicle Official Publication of the U.S. performance, emissions, and Department of Energy’s Clean SuperShuttle’s experiences. Cities Network and the Alternative Order no. FS-540-26439. Fuels Data Center; Vol. 3, No. 2. August 1999; 16 pp. This issue features Experience with Bi-Fuel LPG the highlights of the fifth annual Clean Pickups in Texas: Alternative Fuel Cities National Conference in 1999. Case Study (Fact sheet). May 1999; Clean Cities is a program that 4 pp. In 1996, Texas Department of encourages the use of alternative fuel Transportation (TxDOT) representatives vehicles and their supporting added about 400 bi-fuel, liquefied infrastructure throughout the nation. petroleum gas pickup trucks to their Order no. BR-540-26564. fleet, as part of a state requirement to purchase alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs). This case study includes information on the AFVs’ fuel economy and vehicle
14 Information Resources Catalogue range, maintenance and reliability, and emissions; and on the lessons learned. operating and fuel costs, as well as Order no. DOE/GO-10099-912. Village Power lessons learned. Order no. FS-540-26534. Order no. FS-540-24226. Energia Renovable para Centros Ford Taurus Ethanol-Fueled Sedan. de Salud Rurales. Jimenez, A. C.; Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Olson, K. 1998; 52 pp. This is the Information Series Fact Sheet. Spanish version of Renewable Energy for June 1999; 2 pp. NREL has conducted Rural Health Clinics (BK-500-25233). projects, under the U.S. Department of The guide can help assess a health Energy, that evaluate the performance clinic’s electrical needs; select appropriate and acceptability of light-duty and cost-effective renewable energy alternative fuel vehicles. This fact sheet technologies to meet those needs; and provides information on one of these put into place an effective infrastructure studies, which compared an ethanol- to install and maintain the hardware. It fueled 1998 Ford Taurus sedan with its is primarily written for decision-makers conventional gasoline model. It within government or private agencies. includes data on performance and Order no. BK-500-26224. emissions. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-800. Renewable Energy for Rural Order no. FS-540-26578. Health Clinics. Jimenez, A.C.; Olson, K. September 1998; 52 pp. This Guide to Alternative Fuel Vehicles guide can help assess a health clinic’s Incentives & Laws. September 1998; electrical needs; select appropriate 165 pp. This guide, from the U.S. Waste Management’s LNG Truck and cost-effective renewable energy Department of Energy’s Clean Cities Fleet: Start-Up Experience. technologies to meet those needs; and program, contains a listing of state, Alternative Fuel Truck Evaluation put into place an effective infrastructure federal, and private incentives and Project (Brochure). August 1999; 8 pp. to install and maintain the hardware. It funding offered to encourage the This brochure highlights a refuse- is primarily written for decision-makers expanded use of alternative fuel vehicles hauling company’s experience with within government or private agencies. (AFVs). It includes an AFV funding starting up an alternative fuel— Also available in Spanish (BK-500-26224). worksheet along with instructions and liquefied natural gas—truck fleet for its Order no. BK-500-25233. examples of how to complete the operations in Washington, Pennsylvania. worksheet. It includes information on the project’s Order no. DOE/GO-10098-573. origins, fuel storage, operation, and lessons learned. Ohio’s First Ethanol-Fueled Light- Order no. BR-540-26617. Duty Fleet: Alternative Fuel Case Study (Fact sheet). May 1999; 4 pp. In 1996, the State of Ohio established a Utilities project to demonstrate the effectiveness of ethanol as an alternative to gasoline in its fleet operations. This case study Choices for a Brighter Future: provides information on the state’s use Perspectives on Renewable Energy. of flexible-fuel vehicles, including September 1999; 34 pp. This booklet fuel economy and vehicle range, identifies and explores some of the maintenance and repairs, operating major opportunities and challenges costs, emissions results, and lessons surrounding the use of renewable learned. energy in the United States. It includes Order no. FS-540-24056. perspectives on the future of U.S. electricity use; a discussion of the UPS Delivers with Alternative current status, availability, and Fuels: Alternative Fuel Case Study applications of renewable energy (Fact sheet). August 1999; 4 pp. In technologies; examples of how 1994, the United Parcel Service (UPS) renewables are meeting some regional fleet in Landover, Maryland, began challenges; policies affecting renewables; operating 20 vehicles on compressed market opportunities and barriers; and natural gas (CNG). This case study the role of research and development. provides information on the CNG Order no. DOE/GO-10099-878. vehicles’ fuel economy, range, and costs; maintenance and repair;
General Interest Publications 15 Wind Energy
New Wind Energy Technologies are Cost-Effective in Federal Applications. Technology Focus Fact Sheet. September 1998; 4 pp. This fact sheet provides an update on the advancements in wind technology for federal installations. It includes information on wind resources in the United States, the criteria for choosing wind energy, U.S. wind system manufacturers, and two examples of wind technology use in federal installations. Order no. DOE/GO-10098-583.
Wind Power Today: 1998 Wind Energy Program Highlights June 1999; 35 pp. This booklet features highlights of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Wind Energy Program activities in 1998. It includes articles on the use of wind power in the Midwest; turbine testing in Alaska; the structural testing of wind turbine blades; and a review of the program’s mission, strategy, and research. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-820.
16 Information Resources Catalogue The National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL) technical reports provide information on research and analysis projects performed by NREL staff and subcontractors.They are intended for technical professionals. Unless otherwise noted, NREL technical reports are Technical available in limited quantities from NREL’s Document Distribution Service at (303) 275-4363 (phone), (303) 275-4053 (fax), or Reports Sally_Evans @nrel.gov (e-mail).
Power Production. June 1999; 169 pp. Alternative Fuels Order no. TP-570-25119 Chemical Technologies
Kadam, K.L.; Camobreco, V.J.; Buildings Amos, W.A. Report on Biomass Glazebrook, B.E.; Forrest, L.H.; Jacobson, Drying Technology. November 1998; W.A.; Simeroth, D.C.; Blackburn, W.J.; 34 pp. Balcomb, J.D.; Hancock, C.E.; Barker, G. Order no. TP-570-25885. Nehoda, K.C. Environmental Life Design, Construction, and Cycle Implications of Fuel Performance of the Grand Canyon Blake, D.M. Bibliography of Work in Oxygenate Production from House. Toward Net Energy Buildings California Biomass. May 1999; the Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Case Studies Series. June 1999; 108 pp. Removal of Hazardous Compounds 204 pp. Order no. DOE/GO-10099-795. Order no. TP-580-25688. from Water and Air: Update Order no. TP-550-24767. Number 3 to January 1999. Sheehan, J.; Dunahay, T.; Benemann, J.; August 1999; 169 pp. Gee, R.C.; LaPorta, C. Financing Solar Order no. TP-570-26797. Roessler, P. Look Back at the U.S. Energy Systems with Energy Savings Department of Energy’s Aquatic Performance Contracts in the Hydrogen Technical Advisory Species Program: Biodiesel from Federal Sector: Results of a Survey Algae; Close-Out Report. July 1998; Survey Report, May 4, 1998. on Barriers, May 1998— January 1999; 31 pp. 325 pp. January 1999. July 1999; 37 pp. Order no. TP-580-24190. Available electronically only at Order no. SR-710-26700. http://www.eren.doe.gov/hydrogen/pdfs/ 25968.pdf. Wooley, R.; Ruth, M.; Sheehan, J.; Hancock, C.E.; Reeves, P. Ibsen, K.; Majdeski, H.; Galvez, A. New Technology Demonstration Milne, T.A.; Abatzoglou, N.; Evans, R.J. Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol Program, Kennedy Space Center, Process Design and Economics Biomass Gasifier “Tars”: Their Hangar L Heat Pipe Project: Nature, Formation, and Conversion. Utilizing Co-Current Dilute Acid Performance Evaluation Report, Prehydrolysis and Enzymatic November 1998; 202 pp. June 1996—February 1998. Order no. TP-570-25357. Hydrolysis Current and Future March 1999; 121 pp. Work performed Scenarios. July 1999; 130 pp. by Mountain Energy Partnership, Order no. TP-580-26157. Padro, C.E.G.; Putsche, V. Survey Boulder, Colorado. of the Economics of Hydrogen Order no. SR-710-24738. Technologies. September 1999; 57 pp. Order no. TP-570-27079. Biomass Power Lowenstein, A.; Slayzak, S.; Ryan, J.; Pesaran, A. Advanced Commercial Rivard, C. Recycling and Energy Liquid Desiccant Technology Recovery Pilot Project: Project Amos, W.A. Analysis of Two Biomass Development Study. November 1998; Gasification/Fuel Cell Scenarios Report and Future Efforts. April 1999; 52 pp. 66 pp. Work performed by Pinnacle for Small-Scale Power Generation. Order no. TP-550-24688. November 1998; 77 pp. Biotechnologies International, Inc., Order no. TP-570-25886. Golden, Colorado. New Home Buyer Solar Water Order no. SR-570-26158. Heater Trade-Off Study. August 1999; International and Domestic Market 56 pp. Work performed by Symmetrics Opportunities for Biomass Power: Wiltsee, G. Urban Wood Waste Marketing Corporation. Resource Assessment. November 1998; Volumes I and II. September 1998; Order no. SR-550-26846. 162 pp. Work performed by Antares 224 pp. Work performed by Appel Group Inc., Landover, Maryland. Consultants, Inc., Valencia, California. Trickett, D. Current Status of Health Order no. SR-570-25918. Order no. SR-570-25492. and Safety Issues of Sodium/Metal Chloride (Zebra) Batteries. Spath, P.; Mann, M.K.; Kerr, D.R. Life December 1998; 54 pp. Cycle Assessment of Coal-Fired Order no. TP-460-25553. Technical Reports 17 Wiltsee, G. Urban Waste Grease Energy Conversion, University of Resource Assessment. November 1998; Hydrogen Delaware; Newark, Delaware. 70 pp. Work performed by Appel Order no. SR-520-25845. Consultants, Inc. Valencia, California. Order no. SR-570-26141. Amos, W.A. Costs of Storing and Braunstein, R.; Tang, Y.; Dong, S.; Liebe, Transporting Hydrogen. J.; Sun, G.; Kattwinkel, A. Photocharge November 1998; 219 pp. Transport and Recombination Energy Efficiency Order no. TP-570-25106. Measurements in Amorphous Silicon Films and Solar Cells by and Renewable Energy Photoconductive Frequency Mixing: Solar Energy— Final Subcontract Report, 13 May 1994—15 January 1998. Technology Cooperation Agreement Photovoltaics May 1999; 85 pp. Work performed by the Pilot Project: Development-Friendly University of California, Los Angeles, Greenhouse Gas Reduction Status California. Report. October 1998; 16 pp. Abulfotuh, F.; Balcioglu, A.; Friedman, D.; Order no. SR-520-26127. Order no. TP-210-25795. Geisz, J.; Kurtz, S. Investigation of Deep Levels in GaInNAs. Britt, J.; Wiedeman, S.; Wendt, R.; November 1998; 7 pp. Prepared for the Albright, S. Process Development for Energy Policy National Center for Photovoltaics Program CIGS-Based Thin-Film Photovoltaic Review Meeting, 8-11 September 1998, Modules: Phase I Technical Report, and Analysis Denver, Colorado. 5 February 1998—4 February 1999. Order no. CP-520-25785. September 1999; 40 pp. Work performed by Global Solar Energy, L.L.C., Tucson, Annecke, W. Non-Economic Ahrenkiel, R.K.; Ellingson, R.; Johnston, S.; Arizona. Determinants of Energy Use in Webb, J.; Carapella, J.; Wanlass, M. Order no. SR-520-26840. Rural Areas of South Africa. Recombination Lifetime of February 1999; 53 pp. Work performed InxGa1-xAs Alloys Used in Cannon, T.W. Spectral Measurements by University of Cape Town, South Africa. Thermophotovoltaic Converters. of Pulse Solar Simulators. Order no. SR-620-25868. October 1998; 10 pp. Prepared for the November 1998; 8 pp. Prepared for the 4th Conference on Thermophotovoltaic National Center for Photovoltaics Farhar, B.C.; Coburn, T.C. Colorado Generation of Electricity; Program Review Meeting, Homeowner Preferences on Energy 11-14 October 1998, Denver, Colorado. 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. and Environmental Policy. June 1999; Order no. CP-520-25420. Order no. CP-560-25732. 48 pp. Order no. TP-550-25285. Asher, S.E.; Ramanathan, K.; Niles, D.W.; Cohen, J.D. Identifying Electronic Wiesner, H.; Moutinho, H. Surface Properties Relevant to Improving Touryan, J.O.V.; Touryan, K.J. Analytical Study of CuInSe2 Treated Stability in a-Si:H-Based Cells and Renewable Energy for Sustainable in Cd-Containing Partial Electrolyte Overall Performance in a-Si,Ge:H- Rural Village Power. August 1999; Solution. November 1998; 8 pp. Based Cells. November 1998; 68 pp. 11 pp. Prepared for the American Presented at the National Center for Work performed by Department of Scientific Affiliation Conference, Photovoltaics Program Review Meeting, Physics and Materials Science Institute, August 1999, Arkansas. 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon. Order no. CP-720-26871. Order no. CP-520-25757. Order no. SR-520-25802.
Basol, B.M.; Kapur, V.K.; Leidholm, C.R.; Compaan, A.D.; Bohn, R.G. High Geothermal Energy Halani, A.; Norsworthy, G.; Roe, R. CIS- Efficiency Thin-Film Cadmium Type PV Device Fabrication by Telluride Photovoltaic Cells: Final Novel Techniques: Phase I Annual Technical Report, Vimmerstedt, L. Opportunities for Technical Report, 1 July 1998— 31 January 1994 —31 March 1998. Small Geothermal Projects: Rural 30 June 1999. August 1999; 26 pp. Work November 1998; 49 pp. Work performed Power for Latin America, the performed by International Solar Electric by Department of Physics and Astronomy, Caribbean, and the Philippines. Technology, Inc., Inglewood, California. University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio. November 1998; 77 pp. Order no. SR-520-26930. Order no. SR-520-25856. Order no. TP-210-25107. Birkmire, R.W.; Phillips, J.E.; Culik, J.S.; Rand, J.A.; Bai, Y.; Bower, Shafarman, W.N.; Hegedus, S.S.; J.R.; Cummings, J.R.; Goncharovsky, I.; McCandless, B.E. Optimization of Jonczyk, R.; Sims, P.E.; Hall, R.B.; Processing and Modeling Issues for Barnett, A.M. Silicon-Film(TM) Solar Thin-Film Solar Cell Devices: Annual Cells by a Flexible Manufacturing Report, 3 February 1997— System: Annual Subcontract Report, 2 February 1998. November 1998; 16 April 1998—31 January 1999. 154 pp. Work performed by Institute of
18 Information Resources Catalogue September 1999; 40 pp. Work performed 16 January 1998—15 January 1999. 7 pp. Prepared for Solar 99: Growing by AstroPower, Inc., Newark, Delaware. May 1999; 33 pp. Work performed by the Market, 12-17 June 1999, Order no. SR-520-26834. University of North Carolina, Portland, Maine. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Order no. CP-520-25851. Czanderna, A.W.; Jorgensen, G.J. Order no. SR-520-26522. Accelerated Life Testing and Kroposki, B.; Hansen, R. Service Lifetime Prediction for PV Hanoka, J.I. Advanced Polymer PV Improvements in the Performance Technologies in the Twenty-First System: PVMaT 4A1 Final Report, of a 1-kW Copper Indium Century. July 1999; 13 pp. Prepared for September 1995—December 1997. Diselenide Array. September 1998; Photovoltaics for the 21st Century; June 1999; 35 pp. Work performed by 8 pp. Presented at the NCPV Program 195th ECS Meeting; 2-6 May 1999, Evergreen Solar, Inc., Review Meeting, 8-11 September 1998, Seattle, Washington. Waltham, Massachusetts. Denver, Colorado. Order no. CP-520-26710. Order no. SR-520-24911. Order no. CP-520-25334.
Deering, A.; Thornton, J.P. Jester, T.L. Photovoltaic Cz Silicon Kurtz, S.R.; Friedman, D.J. Applications of Solar Technology Module Improvements: Final Concentrator and Space for Catastrophe Response, Claims Subcontract Report, Applications of High-Efficiency Management, and Loss Prevention. 9 November 1995—8 November 1998. Solar Cells—Recent Developments. February 1999; 16 pp. Presented to the June 1999; 60 pp. Work performed by October 1998; 9 pp. Presented at the Virtual Insurance Company Panel of the Siemens Solar Industries, National Center for Photovoltaics National Association of Independent Camarillo, California. Program Review Meeting, Insurers (NAII), Joint Claims Committee Order no. SR-520-26663. 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Meeting, 18 February 1999, Order no. CP-520-25410. Brazelton, Georgia. Johnston, S.W.; Ahrenkiel, R.K. Order no. CP-520-25866. Measurement of the Temperature- Kurtz, S.R.; Olson, J.M.; Friedman, D.J.; Dependent Recombination Geisz, J.F.; Kibbler, A.E.; Bertness, K.A. Deering, A.; Thornton, J.P. Lifetimes in Photovoltaic Materials. Passivation of Interfaces in High- Applications of Solar Technology October 1998; 8 pp. Presented at the Efficiency Photovoltaic Devices. for Catastrophe Response, Claims National Center for Photovoltaics May 1999; 18 pp. Prepared for the MRS Management, and Loss Prevention. Program Review Meeting, Spring Meeting, 5-9 April 1999, April 1999; 20 pp. 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. San Francisco, California. Order no. TP-520-26490. Order no. CP-530-25482. Order no. CP-520-26494.
Delahoy, A.E.; Britt, J.S.; Kiss, Z.J. Kardauskas, M.; Kalejs, J. Lambarski, T.; Minyard, G. Design, CIS Photovoltaic Technology: Final Market-Driven EFG Modules: Fabrication, and Certification of Report, 12 January 1997— Annual Subcontract Report, Advanced Modular PV Power 15 April 1998. October 1998; 39 pp. 14 December 1996—13 February Systems; Final Technical Progress Work performed by Energy Photovoltaics, 1998. November 1998; 37 pp. Work Report. October 1998; 34 pp. Work Inc., Lawrenceville, New Jersey. performed by ASE Americas, Inc., performed by Solar Electric Specialties Order no. SR-520-25713. Billerica, Massachusetts. Company, Willits, California. Order no. SR-520-25817. Order no. SR-520-24921. Field, H. UV-VIS-IR Spectral Responsivity Measurement System Kardauskas, M.; Kalejs, J. Market- Marion, B.; Kroposki, B.; Emery, K.; del for Solar Cells. November 1998; 9 pp. Driven EFG Modules: Final Report, Cueto, J.; Myers, D.; Osterwald, C. Presented at the National Center for 14 December 1995—30 June 1999. Validation of a Photovoltaic Photovoltaics Program Review Meeting, September 1999; 32 pp. Work performed Module Energy Ratings Procedure 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. by ASE Americas, Inc., at NREL. August 1999; 97 pp. Order no. CP-520-25654. Billerica, Massachusetts. Order no. TP-520-26909. Order no. SR-520-26833. Freitas, C. Development of a Modular, McNutt, P.; Kroposki, B.; Hansen, R.; Bi-Directional Power Inverter for Kern, G. SunSine(TM)300: Manufacture DeBlasio, R.; Thomas, M.; Durand, S.; Photovoltaic Applications: Final of an AC Photovoltaic Module; Rosenthal, A.; Hutchinson, P. Report, August 1995—March 1998. Final Report, Phases I and II, Procedures for Determining the June 1999; 29 pp. Work performed by 25 July 1995—30 June 1998. Performance of Stand-Alone Trace Engineering Company, Inc., March 1999; 33 pp. Work performed by Photovoltaic Systems. September 1999; Arlington, Washington. Ascension Technology, Inc., 37 pp. Order no. SR-520-26154. Lincoln, Massachusetts. Order no. TP-520-27031. Order no. SR-520-26085. Han, D. Search for Factors Determining the Photodegradation Kroposki, B.; Hansen, R. Performance in High-Efficiency a-Si:H-Based and Modeling of Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells: Phase I Annual Photovoltaics for Building- Technical Progress Report, Integrated Applications. March 1999;
Technical Reports 19 Mitchell, R.L.; Symko-Davies, M.; by Washington State University, Corporation, Frederick, Maryland; and Thomas, H.P.; Witt, C.E. PVMaT 1998 Richland, Washington. Advanced Energy Systems, Overview. September 1998; 7 pp. Also Order no. SR-520-25613. Wilton, New Hampshire. available electronically. Prepared for Order no. SR-520-26084. the NCPV Program Review Meeting, Pitts, J.R.; King, D.E.; Bingham, C.; 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Czanderna, A.W. Ultra Accelerated Swanson, D.; Sinton, R.; Stavola, M.; Order no. CP-520-25286. Testing of PV Module Components. Tan, T.; Sopori, B. Eighth Workshop October 1998; 9 pp. Presented at the on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Morel, D.L.; Ferekides, C.S.; Bhatt, R.; National Center for Photovoltaics Materials and Processes: Summary Jayapalan, A.; Komin, V.; Lin, H.; Program Review Meeting, of Discussion Sessions, Marinskiy, D.; Marinskaya, S.; 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. 17-19 August 1998, Copper Mountain, Narayanaswamy, R.; Poosarla, U.; Order no. CP-520-25696. Colorado. December 1998; 16 pp. Prabhakaran, R.; Sankaranarayanan, Order no. CP-520-25855. H.; Tetali, V.; Viswanathan, V.; Zafar, S. Sandwisch, D.W. High Throughput Advanced Processing of CdTe- and Manufacturing of Thin-Film CdTe Trefny, J.U.; Mao, D.; Kaydanov, V.; CuInxGa1-xSe2-Based Solar Cells: Photovoltaic Modules: Final Report, Ohno, T.R.; Williamson, D.L.; Collins, R.; Final Report, 18 April 1995— 16 November 1993—31 December Furtak, T.E. Polycrystalline Thin-Film 31 May 1998. November 1998; 43 pp. 1998. August 1999; 75 pp. Work Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Work performed by the Department of performed by Solar Cells, Inc., Fabricated by Electrodeposition: Electrical Engineering, University of Toledo, Ohio. Final Technical Report, South Florida, Tampa, Florida. Order no. SR-520-26435. 20 March 1995—15 June 1998. Order no. SR-520-25941. November 1998; 103 pp. Work Schiff, E.A.; Gu, Q.; Jiang, L.; Lyou, J.; performed by Department of Physics, Moriarty, T.; Emery, K. Nurdjaja, I.; Rao, P. Research on High- Colorado School of Mines, Thermophotovoltaic Cell Bandgap Materials and Amorphous Golden, Colorado. Temperature Measurement Issues. Silicon-Based Solar Cells: Final Order no. SR-520-26009. November 1998; 13 pp. Prepared for the Technical Report, 15 May 1994— Fourth NREL Conference on 15 January 1998. November 1998; von Roedern, B. Advances in Photo- Thermophotovoltaic Generation of 53 pp. Work performed by Syracuse voltaics at NREL. September 1999; Electricity (TPV4), 11-14 October 1998, University, Syracuse, New York. 14 pp. Presented at SPIE's 44th Annual Denver, Colorado. Order no. SR-520-25922. Meeting & Exhibition, 18-23 July 1999, Order no. CP-520-25619. Denver, Colorado. Sherring, C. China PV Business and Order no. CP-520-26686. Moutinho, H.R.; Dhere, R.G.; Applications Evaluation. July 1999; Al-Jassim, M.M.; Mayo, B.; Levi, D.H.; 113 pp. Work performed by Sherring Wang, T.H.; Ciszek, T.F.; Landry, M.; Kazmerski, L.L. Induced Energy Associates, Matthaus, A.; Mihalik, G. Silicon Ingot Recrystallization of CdTe Thin Princeton, New Jersey. Lifetime Tester for Industrial Use. Films Deposited by Close-Spaced Order no. SR-520-26295. October 1998; 11 pp. Presented at the Sublimation. October 1998; 9 pp. National Center for Photovoltaics Presented at the National Center for Sites, J.R. Device Physics of Thin- Program Review Meeting, Photovoltaics Program Review Meeting, Film Polycrystalline Cells and 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Modules: December 6, 1993— Order no. CP-590-25681. Order no. CP-520-25635. March 31, 1998. April 1999; 59 pp. Work performed by Colorado State Wanlass, M.W.; Carapella, J.J.; Duda, A.; Norman, A.G.; Olson, J.M.; Geisz, J.F.; University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Emery, K.; Gedvilas, L.; Moriarty, T.; Moutinho, H.R.; Mason, Order no. SR-520-26315. Ward, S.; Webb, J.D.; Wu, X.; Murray, C.S. A.; Al-Jassim, M.M.; Vernon, S.M. High-Performance, 0.6-eV, Phase Separation and Facet Sopori, B.L., Chairman. Ninth Ga0.32In0.68As/InAs0.32P0.68 Formation during the Growth of Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Thermophotovoltaic Converters (GaAs)1-x(Ge2)x Alloy Layers by Solar Cell Materials and Processes: and Monolithically Interconnected Metal Organic Vapour Phase Extended Abstracts and Papers of Modules. November 1998; 12 pp. Epitaxy. September 1999; 6 pp. the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Presented at the Fourth NREL Conference Presented at Microscopy of Breckenridge, Colorado. August 1999; on Thermophotovoltaic Generation of Semiconducting Materials XI, 236 pp. Electricity, 11-14 October 1998, 22-25 March 1999, Order no. BK-520-26941. Denver, Colorado. Oxford, United Kingdom. Order no. CP-520-25539. Order no. CP-520-26319. Strong, S. Development of Standardized, Low-Cost AC PV Webb, J.D.; Gedvilas, L.M.; Crandall, R.S.; Olsen, L.C. Alternative Window Systems: Final Technical Report, Iwaniczko, E.; Nelson, B.P.; Mahan, A.H.; Schemes for CuInSe2-Based Solar 8 September 1995—30 June 1998. Reedy, R.; Matson, R.J. Anisotropy in Cells: Final Report, February 1999; 27 pp. Work performed Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon 3 November 1995—31 December 1997. by Solar Design Associates, Inc., Films as Observed Using Polarized October 1998; 29 pp. Work performed Harvard, Massachusetts; Solarex FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy. May 1999;
20 Information Resources Catalogue 9 pp. Presented at the Materials Wu, X.; Duda, A.; Carapella, J.J.; Heliostat Manufacturing for Near- Research Society’s 1999 Spring Meeting, Ward, J.S.; Webb, J.D.; Wanlass, M.W. Term Markets: Phase II Final Report. 5-9 April 1999, San Francisco, California. Study of Contacts and Back-Surface September 1998; 144 pp. Work performed Order no. CP-520-26355. Reflectors for 0.6-eV Ga0.32In0.68As/ by Science Applications International InAs0.32P0.68 Thermophotovoltaic Corporation, Golden, Colorado. Webb, J.D.; Gedvilas, L.M.; Olson, M.R.; Monolithically Interconnected Order no. SR-550-25837. Wu, X.; Duda, A.; Wanlass, M.W.; Modules. November 1998; 10 pp. Jones, K.M. FTIR and FT-PL Presented at the Fourth NREL Conference Kistner, R.; Price, H.W. Financing Solar Spectroscopic Analysis of TPV on Thermophotovoltaic Generation of Thermal Power Plants. Materials and Devices. October 1998; Electricity, 11-14 October 1998, November 1998; 9 pp. Prepared for the 15 pp. Presented at the 4th NREL Denver, Colorado. ASME Renewable and Advanced Energy Conference on Thermophotovoltaic Order no. CP-520-25489. Systems for the 21st Century Conference, Generation of Electricity, 11-14 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. 11-14 October 1998, Denver, Colorado. Wu, X.; Sheldon, P.; Mahathongdy, Y.; Order no. CP-550-25901. Order no. CP-520-25347. Ribelin, R.; Mason, A.; Moutinho, H.R.; Coutts, T.J. CdS/CdTe Thin-Film Price, H.W. Parabolic-Trough Solar Webb, J.D.; Keyes, B.M.; Ahrenkiel, R.K.; Solar Cell with a Zinc Stannate Power for Competitive U.S. Markets. Wanlass, M.W.; Ramanathan, K.; Buffer Layer. October 1998; 7 pp. November 1998; 11 pp. Prepared for the Gedvilas, L.M.; Olson, M.R.; Dippo, P.; Presented at the National Center for ASME Renewable and Advanced Energy Jones, K.M. Fourier Transform Photovoltaics Program Review Meeting, Systems for the 21st Century Conference, Luminescence Spectroscopy of 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. 11- 14 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. Semiconductor Thin Films and Order no. CP-520-25656. Order no. CP-550-25798. Devices. November 1998; 16 pp. Accepted for publication in Vibrational Price, H.W.; Carpenter, S. Potential Spectroscopy. Presented at the 3rd for Low Cost Electricity from International Symposium on Advanced Solar Energy— Concentrating Solar Power Systems. Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy Radiation May 1999; 11 pp. Prepared for the (AIRS III), 5-9 July 1998, Vienna, Austria. Intersociety Energy Conversion Order no. CP-520-25037. Engineering Conference (IECEC), Reda, I.; Myers, D. Calculating the 1-5 August 1999, Williamson, D.L. Microstructure of Diffuse Responsivity of Solar Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Amorphous-Silicon-Based Solar Cell Pyranometers. July 1999; 15 pp. Order no. CP-550-26649. Materials by Small-Angle X-Ray Order no. TP-560-26483. Scattering: Final Subcontract Price, H.; Kearney, D. Parabolic-Trough Report, 6 April 1994—30 June 1998. Technology Roadmap: A Pathway November 1998; 50 pp. Work performed for Sustained Commercial by the Deptmartment of Physics, Solar Energy— Development and Deployment of Colorado School of Mines, Thermal Parabolic-Trough Technology. Golden, Colorado. January 1999; 41 pp. Order no. SR-520-25844. Order no. TP-550-24748. Creation of a Comprehensive Solar Wohlgemuth, J. Cast Polycrystalline Water Heater Deployment Strategy. Report on Pool Heating Quantitative Silicon Photovoltaic Module August 1999; 28 pp. Work performed by Survey: August 1998—December 1998. Manufacturing Technology Improve- Focus Marketing Services, April 1999; 63 pp. Work performed by ments: Final Subcontract Report, Westlake Village, California. Synapse Infusion Group, Inc., 8 December 1993—30 April 1998. Order no. SR-550-26842. Westlake Village, California. June 1999; 38 pp. Work performed by Order no. SR-550-26485. Solarex, A Business Unit of Amoco/Enron Hale, M.J. Solar Two Performance Solar, Frederick, Maryland. Evaluation Methodology. Report on Solar Water Heating Order no. SR-520-26071. November 1998; 11 pp. Prepared for the Quantitative Survey: December ASME Renewable and Advanced Energy 1997—September 1998. April 1999; Woods, L.M.; Levi, D.H.; Kaydanov, V.; Systems for the 21st Century Conference, 38 pp. Work performed by Focus Robinson, G.Y.; Ahrenkiel, R.K. 11-14 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. Marketing Services, Electrical Characterization of Order no. CP-550-25809. Westlake Village, California. Etched Grain-Boundary Properties Order no. SR-550-26484. from As-Processed px-CdTe Based Hale, M.J. Solar Two Performance Solar Cells. October 1998; 8 pp. Evaluation. May 1999; 10 pp. Williams, T.A. Characterization of Presented at the National Center for Prepared for the Intersociety Energy Alternative Hybrid Solar Thermal Photovoltaics Program Review Meeting, Conversion Engineering Conference Electric Systems. May 1999; 8 pp. 8-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. (IECEC), 1-5 August 1999, Presented at the 9th Solar Paces Order no. CP-520-25632. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Symposium, 22-25 June 1998. Order no. CP-550-26642. Order no. CP-550-24889.
Technical Reports 21 Ohio’s First Ethanol-Fueled Light- Transportation Duty Fleet: Final Study Results. Wind Energy November 1998; 75 pp. Work performed by Battelle, Columbus, Ohio. Additional Development of a Order no. SR-540-25237. Barley, C.D.; Flowers, L.T.; Benavidez, P.J.; Dedicated Liquefied Petroleum Gas Abergas, R.L.; Barruela, R.B. (LPG) Ultra Low Emission Vehicle Utilizing LNG as a Fuel in Heavy- Feasibility of Hybrid Retrofits to (ULEV). October 1998; 20 pp. Work Duty Tractors. July 1999; 28 pp. Work Off-Grid Diesel Power Plants in the performed by IMPCO Technologies, performed by Liquid Carbonic, Inc., Philippines. August 1999; 12 pp. Seattle, Washington. Willis, Texas, and Trucking Research December 1999. Order no. SR-540-25155. Institute, Alexandria, Virginia. Order no. CP-500-26927. Order no. SR-540-24146. Cummins Engine Company B5.9 Bir, G.S.; Robinson, M. Code Propane Engine Development, Whalen, M.; Eudy, L.; Coburn, T. Development for Control Design Certification, and Demonstration Perspectives on AFVs: State and City Applications, Phase I: Structural Project: February 1997—June 1998. Government Fleet Driver Survey. Modeling. November 1998; 10 pp. December 1998; 44 pp. Work performed April 1999; 53 pp. Presented at the AIAA/ASME Wind Energy by The ADEPT Group, Order no. TP-540-25929. Symposium, 11-14 January 1999, Los Angeles, California. Reno, Nevada. Order no. SR-540-25114. Wipke, K.; Cuddy, M.; Bharathan, D.; Order no. CP-500-25792. Burch, S.; Johnson, V.; Markel, A.; Sprik, S. Development of LNG-Powered ADVISOR 2.0: A Second-Generation Bir, G.S.; Stol, K. Operating Modes of Heavy-Duty Trucks in Commercial Advanced Vehicle Simulator for a Teetered-Rotor Wind Turbine. Hauling. December 1998; 31 pp. Work Systems Analysis. March 1999; 14 pp. November 1, 1999; 13 pp. Presented at performed by Trucking Research Institute, Order no. TP-540-25928. the International Modal Analysis Alexandria, Virginia, and Detroit Diesel Conference, 8-11 February 1999, Corporation, Detroit, Michigan. Orlando, Florida. Order no. SR-540-25154. Utilities Order no. CP-500-25983.
Durbin, T.D.; Truex, T.J.; Norbeck, J.M. Buhl, M.L.; Green, H.J. Software Particulate Measurements and Farhar, B.C. Willingness to Pay for Quality-Control Guidelines for Emissions Characterization of Renewable Electricity: A Review of Codes Developed for the NWTC. Alternative Fuel Vehicle Exhaust. Utility Market Research. Topical May 1999; 6 pp. November 1998; 75 pp. Work performed Issues Brief. July 1999; 28 pp. Order no. TP-500-26207. by University of California, Order no. TP-550-26148. Riverside, California. Buhl, M.L.; Weaver, N.L. GPP Version Order no. SR-540-25741. Galen, P.S. Grappling with Change: 6 User’s Guide: A General-Purpose The South African Electricity Postprocessor for Wind Turbine Farrington, R.; Cuddy, M.; Keyser, M.; Supply Industry. November 1998; Data Analysis. July 1999; 41 pp. Rugh, J. Opportunities to Reduce 30 pp. Order no. TP-500-25815. Air-Conditioning Loads through Order no. TP-260-25454. Lower Cabin Soak Temperatures. Carlin, P.W.; Fingersh, L.J. Some June 1999; 11 pp. Prepared for the 16th Porter, K.L. Independent System Analyses of Energy Production Electric Vehicle Symposium, Operators and Biomass Power. from the NWTC Variable Speed October 1999, Beijing, China. February 1999; 11 pp. 1998. Test Bed. November 1998; 10 pp. Order no. CP-540-26615. Order no. CP-620-25099. Presented at the AIAA/ASME Wind Energy Symposium, 11-14 January 1999, Huang, Y.; Matthews, R.D.; Popova, E.T. Swezey, B.; Bird, L. Information Brief Reno, Nevada. Texas Bi-Fuel Liquefied Petroleum on Green Power Marketing, Fourth Order no. CP-500-25793. Gas Pickup Study: Final Report. Edition. August 1999; 36 pp. May 1999; 85 pp. Work performed by Order no. TP-620-26901. Cheney, M.C.; Olsen, T.; Quandt, G.; University of Texas at Austin, Arcidiacono, P. Analysis and Tests of Austin, Texas. Wiser, R.; Orlando, E.; Fang, J.; Porter, K.; Pultruded Blades for Wind Turbine Order no. SR-540-26003. Houston, A. Green Power Marketing Rotors. July 1999; 96 pp. in Retail Competition: An Early Work performed by PS Enterprises, Moore, G.E.; Londergan, R.J.; Fernau, M.E. Assessment. February 1999; 29 pp. Glastonbury, Connecticut. CALGRID Photochemical Modeling Order no. TP-620-25939. Order no. SR-500-25949. of Air Quality Impacts of Alternative Transportation Fuel Use in Corbus, D.; Baring-Gould, I.; Droulihet, S.; Los Angeles. November 1998; 187 pp. Gervorgian, V.; Jimenez, T.; Newcomb, C.; Work performed by Earth Tech, Inc., Flowers, L. Small Wind Turbine Test- Concord, Massachusetts. ing and Applications Development. Order no. SR-540-25204.
22 Information Resources Catalogue September 1999; 8 pp. December 1999. for Wind Turbine Installations. Energy Symposium, 11-14 January 1999, Order no. CP-500-27067. December 1998. Published electronically Reno, Nevada. with permission from IEA. Order no. CP-500-25787. Drouilhet, S. Power Flow Management Order no. EL-500-25542. in a High Penetration Wind-Diesel Mandell, J.F.; Samborsky, D.D.; Hybrid Power System with Short- Hand, M.M. Conversion of Phase II Combs, D.W.; Scott, M.E.; Cairns, D.S. Term Energy Storage. July 1999; Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment Fatigue of Composite Material 12 pp. December 1999. Data to Common Format. July 1999; Beam Elements Representative of Order no. CP-500-26827. 25 pp. Wind Turbine Blade Substructure. Order no. TP-500-26371. November 1998; 175 pp. Work Elliott, D. Dominican Republic Wind performed by Montana State University, Energy Resource Atlas Development. Hand, M.M.; Balas, M.J. Non-Linear Bozeman, Montana. September 1999; 7 pp. 1999. and Linear Model Based Controller Order no. SR-500-24379. Order no. CP-500-27032. Design for Variable-Speed Wind Turbines. April 1999; 8 pp. Presented McKenna, E.; Olsen, T. Performance Ernst, B.; Wan, Y.H.; Kirby, B. Short- at the 3rd ASME/JSME Joint Fluids and Economics of a Wind-Diesel Term Power Fluctuation of Wind Engineering Conference, 19-23 July 1999, Hybrid Energy System: Naval Air Turbines: Analyzing Data from the San Francisco, California. Landing Field, San Clemente German 250-MW Measurement Order no. CP-500-26244. Island, California. July 1999; 109 pp. Program from the Ancillary Order no. SR-500-24663. Services Viewpoint. July 1999; 12 pp. Hughes, S.D.; Musial, W.D.; Stensland, T. December 1999. Implementation of a Two-Axis Migliore, P.G.; Calvert, S.D. Order no. CP-500-26722. Servo-Hydraulic System for Full- U.S. Department of Energy Wind Scale Fatigue Testing of Wind Turbine Development Projects. Factor, T.; Milligan, M. Evaluation of Turbine Blades. August 1999; 11 pp. April 1999; 10 pp. Optimal Distribution of Wind Order no. CP-500-26896. Order no. CP-500-26151. Power Facilities in Iowa for 2015. August 1999; 12 pp. December 1999. Jacobsen, R.; Gregory, B. Wind (Turbine) Milligan, M.R.; Artig, R. Choosing Order no. CP-500-26723. Power Quality Test for Comparison Wind Power Plant Locations and of Power Quality Standards. Sizes Based on Electric Reliability Giguere, P.; Selig, M.S. Design of a August 1999; 9 pp. Measures Using Multiple-Year Tapered and Twisted Blade for the Order no. CP-500-26760. Wind Speed Measurements. NREL Combined Experiment Rotor, July 1999; 11 pp. Prepared for the U.S. March 1998—March 1999. April 1999; Kelley, N.D. Case for Including Association for Energy Economics 30 pp. Work performed by University of Atmospheric Thermodynamic Annual Conference, Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Variables in Wind Turbine Fatigue 29 August—1 September 1999, Urbana, Illinois. Loading Parameter Identification. Orlando, Florida. Order no. SR-500-26173. July 1999; 18 pp. Prepared for the 2nd Order no. CP-500-26724. Symposium on Wind Conditions for Giguere, P.; Selig, M.S.; Tangler, J.L. Wind Turbine Design, 12-13 April 1999, Morrison, M.L. Avian Risk and Fatality Blade Design Trade-Offs Using Low- Roskilde, Denmark. Protocol. November 1998; 11 pp. Lift Airfoils for Stall-Regulated Order no. CP-500-26829. Work performed by California State HAWTS. April 1999; 14 pp. Prepared University, Sacramento, California. for the AIAA/ASME Wind Energy Kelley, N.D.; Wright, A.D.; Osgood, R.M. Order no. SR-500-24997. Symposium, 11-14 January 1999, Progress Report on the Reno, Nevada. Characterization and Modeling of Osgood, R.M. Modal Testing of Order no. CP-500-26091. a Very Flexible Wind Turbine Design. Advanced Wind Turbine Systems. October 1998; 10 pp. Presented at the November 1998; 17 pp. Presented at the Goldman, P.R.; Thresher, R.W.; Hock, S.M. ASME/AIAA Wind Energy Symposium, 14th ASME-ETCE Wind Energy Wind Energy in the United States: 11-14 January 1999, Reno, Nevada. Symposium, 29 January—1 February Market and Research Update. Order no. CP-500-25513. 1995, Houston, Texas. April 1999; 6 pp. Presented at the Order no. CP-500-7387. European Wind Energy Conference, Larwood, S.; Acker, B.; Sencenbaugh, J. 1-5 March 1999, Nice, France. Measurement of Truck Cab Flow in Pierce, K. Control Method for Order no. CP-500-26216. Support of Wind Turbine Testing. Improved Energy Capture Below November 1998; 16 pp. Rated Power. July 1999; 8 pp. Haigh, S.; Garbagnati, E.; Muljadi, E.; Order no. TP-500-25714. Prepared for the 3rd ASME/JSME Joint Pedersen, A.; Steinbigler, H.; Wiesinger, J. Fluids Engineering Conference, Web Publishing of Expert Group Madsen, P.H.; Pierce, K.; Buhl, M. 18-23 July 1999, San Francisco, California. Study on Recommended Practices Predicting Ultimate Loads for Wind Order no. CP-500-26322. for Wind Turbine Testing and Turbine Design. November 1998; 10 pp. Evaluation 9. Lightning Protection Prepared for the AIAA/ASME Wind
Technical Reports 23 Population Study of Golden Eagles Sinclair, K.C. Status of the U.S. in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Department of Energy/National Area: Population Trend Analysis, Renewable Energy Laboratory 1994-1997. June 1999; 43pp. Work Avian Research Program. June 1999; performed by Predatory Bird Research 11 pp. Group, Long Marine Laboratory, Order no. CP-500-26709. University of California, Santa Cruz, California. Wright, A.D.; Kelley, N.D.; Osgood, R.M. Order no. SR-500-26092. Validation of a Model for a Two- Bladed Flexible Rotor System: Porter, K.L. What is Happening with Progress to Date. November 1998; Independent System Operators? 15 pp. Presented at the AIAA/ASME February 1999; 12 pp. December 1998. Wind Energy Symposium, Order no. CP-620-24584. 11-14 January 1999, Reno, Nevada. Order no. CP-500-25514. Reuss Ramsay, R.; Gregorek, G.M. Effects of Grit Roughness and Zuteck, M.D.; Miller, M.W. Hawaii Pitch Oscillations on the S812 Zuteck Rotor Project: Compilation Airfoil. October 1998; 153 pp. of Project Reports. November 1998; Order no. SR-440-8167. 200 pp. Work performed by MDZ Consulting, Kemah, Texas and Makani Robinson, M.C.; Hand, M.M.; Uwila Power Corporation, Laie, Hawaii. Simms, D.A.; Schreck, S.J. Horizontal Order no. SR-500-26086. Axis Wind Turbine Aerodynamics: Three-Dimensional, Unsteady, and Separated Flow Influences. April 1999; 13 pp. Presented at the 3rd ASME/JSME Joint Fluids Engineering Conference, 18-23 July 1999, San Francisco, California. Order no. CP-500-26337.
Schwartz, M. Wind Resource Estimation and Mapping at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. April 1999; 8 pp. Presented at the ASES Solar ‘99 Conference, 12-16 June 1999, Portland, Maine. Order no. CP-500-26245.
Schwartz, M.N.; George, R.L. On the Use of Reanalysis Data for Wind Resource Assessment. November 1998; 7 pp. Prepared for the 11th Applied Climatology Conference of the American Meteorological Society, 10-15 January 1999, Dallas, Texas. Order no. CP-500-25610.
Schwartz, M.; George, R.; Elliott, D. Use of Reanalysis Data for Wind Resource Assessment at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. April 1999; 6 pp. Order no. CP-500-26152.
Simms, D.A.; Hand, M.M.; Fingersh, L.J.; Jager, D.W. Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment Phases II-IV: Test Configurations and Available Data Campaigns. July 1999; 178 pp. Order no. TP-500-25950.
24 Information Resources Catalogue Conference Papers, This section includes National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) documents that can be found in conference proceedings, journals, and Journal Articles, books. These documents communicate findings from NREL research and analysis to other technical professionals. PLEASE NOTE: The Book Chapters documents in this section are available through your local library.
Davison, B.H.; Finkelstein, M. Kadam, K.L.; Forrest, L.H.; Jacobson, W.A. Alternative Fuels Introduction to the Proceedings of Rice Straw as a Lignocellulosic the Twentieth Symposium on Resource: Collection, Processing, Biotechnology for Fuels and Transportation, and Environmental Blunk, S.L.; Jenkins, B.M.; Kadam, K.L. Chemicals. Applied Biochemistry and Aspects. Proceedings of the 1998 Pulping Combustion Properties of Lignin Biotechnology. Proceedings of the Conference, 25-29 October 1998, Residue from Lignocellulose Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Atlanta, GA: Fermentation. Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., for Fuels and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, Technical Association of the Pulp and eds. Biomass: A Growth Opportunity in Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: Paper Industry (TAPPI), 1998; Vol. 1: Green Energy and Value-Added Products; pp. iii-vii. pp. 511-529. Proceedings of the Fourth Biomass Conference of the Americas, 29 August— Davison, B.H.; Finkelstein, M., eds. Kadam, K.L.; Wooley, R.J.; Ferrar, F.M.; 2 September 1999, Oakland, California. Proceedings of the Twentieth Voiles, R.E.; Ruocco, J.J.; Varani, F.T.; United Kingdom: Elsevier Science, Ltd., Symposium on Biotechnology for Putsche, V.L. Wastewater Treatment 1999; Vol. 2: pp. 1385-1391. Fuels and Chemicals, 3-7 May for a Biomass-to-Ethanol Process: 1998, Gatlinburg, Tennessee. System Design and Cost Estimates. Bridgwater, A.V.; Czernik, S.; Meier, D.; Presented as Volumes 77-79 of Applied Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: Piskorz, J. Fast Pyrolysis Technology. Biochemistry and Biotechnology. A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1999. Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and Fourth Biomass Conference of the Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Glassner, D. Status of Biomass Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Fourth Biomass Conference of the Conversion to Ethanol and Oakland, California. United Kingdom: Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Opportunities for Future Cost Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 1: Oakland, California. United Kingdom: Improvements. Overend, R. P.; pp. 699-705. Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 2: Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: A Growth pp. 1217-1223. Opportunity in Green Energy and Value- Lawford, H.G.; Rousseau, J.D.; Added Products; Proceedings of the Fourth Mohagheghi, A.; McMillan, J.D. Cameron, D.C.; Zhang, M. Biomass Conference of the Americas, Fermentation Performance Introduction to Session 2: 29 August—2 September 1999, Oakland, Characteristics of a Prehydrolyzate- Applied Biological Research. California. United Kingdom: Elsevier Adapted Xylose-Fermenting Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 1: p. 875. Recombinant Zymomonas in Batch Proceedings of the Twentieth Symposium and Continuous Fermentation. on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, Hayward, T.K.; Hamilton, J.; Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. 3-7 May 1998, Gatlinburg, Tennessee. Templeton, D.; Jennings, E.; Ruth, M.; Proceedings of the Twentieth 1999; 77-79: p. 145. Tholudur, A.; McMillan, J.D.; Tucker, M.; Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels Mohagheghi, A. Enzyme Production, and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, Czernik, S.; Maggi, R.; Peacocke, G.V.C. Growth, and Adaptation of T. reesei Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: Review of Physical and Chemical Strains QM9414, L-27, RL-P37, and pp. 191-204. Methods of Upgrading Biomass- Rut C-30 to Conditioned Yellow Derived Fast Pyrolysis Liquids. Poplar Sawdust Hydrolysate: Lee, Y.Y.; Zhangwen, W.; Torget, R.W. Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: Scientific Note. Applied Biochemistry Modeling of Countercurrent A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and and Biotechnology. Proceedings of the Shrinking-Bed Reactor in Dilute- Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology Acid Total-Hydrolysis of Fourth Biomass Conference of the for Fuels and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, Lignocellulosic Biomass. Bioresource Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: Technology. January 2000; 71(1): pp. 29-39. Oakland, California. United Kingdom: pp. 293-309. Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 2: pp. 1235-1240.
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 25 McMillan, J.D.; Newman, M.M.; Green Energy and Value-Added Products; Yancey, M.A.; Hinman, N.D.; Templeton, D.W.; Mohagheghi, A. Proceedings of the Fourth Biomass Sheehan, J.J.; Tiangco, V.M. Simultaneous Saccharification Conference of the Americas, 29 August— Collins Pine/BCI Biomass to and Cofermentation of Dilute-Acid 2 September 1999, Oakland, California. Ethanol Project. Overend, R.P.; Pretreated Yellow Poplar United Kingdom: Elsevier Science, Ltd., Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: A Growth Hardwood to Ethanol Using 1999; Vol. 1: pp. 99-105. Opportunity in Green Energy and Value- Xylose-Fermenting Zymomonas Added Products; Proceedings of the Fourth mobilis. Applied Biochemistry and Sanford, K.; Himmel, M. Introduction Biomass Conference of the Americas, Biotechnology. Proceedings of the to Session 6: Enzymatic Processes 29 August—2 September 1999, Oakland, Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology and Enzyme Production. California. United Kingdom: Elsevier for Fuels and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 1: pp. 875-880. Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: Proceedings of the Twentieth pp. 649-665. Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, Basic Sciences Nagle, N.; Ibsen, K.; Jennings, E. Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: Process Economic Approach to pp. 669-670. Develop a Dilute-Acid Cellulose Aroutiounian, V.M.; Arakelyan, V.M.; Hydrolysis Process to Produce Schell, D.J.; Ruth, M.F.; Tucker, M.P. Shahnazaryan, G.E.; Stepanyan, G.M.; Ethanol from Biomass. Modeling the Enzymatic Hydrolysis Turner, J.A.; Kocha, S.S. Impedance Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. of Dilute-Acid Pretreated Douglas Analysis of the Doped Iron Oxide- Proceedings of the Twentieth Fir. Applied Biochemistry and Electrolyte Interface. Sayigh, A.A.M., Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels Biotechnology. Proceedings of the ed. Renewable Energy: Energy Efficiency, and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology Policy and the Environment. Proceedings Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: for Fuels and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, of World Renewable Energy Congress V pp. 595-607. Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: (WREC-V), 20-25 September 1998, pp. 67-81. Florence, Italy; Part III. New York: Nguyen, Q.A.; Keller, F.A.; Tucker, M.P.; Pergamon Press, 1998; pp. 1820-1823. Lombard, C.K.; Jenkins, B.M.; Shabtai, J.; Zmierczak, W.; Kadangode, S.; Yomogida, D.E.; Tiangco, V.M. Chornet, E.; Johnson, D.K. Lignin Benson, D.K.; Tracy, C.E.; Hishmeh, G.A.; Bioconversion of Mixed Solids Conversion to High-Octane Fuel Ciszek, P.E.; Lee, S.H.; Haberman, D.P. Waste to Ethanol. Applied Biochemistry Additives. Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., Low-Cost Fiber-Optic Hydrogen and Biotechnology. Proceedings of the eds. Biomass: A Growth Opportunity in Gas Detector Using Guided-Wave, Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology Green Energy and Value-Added Products; Surface-Plasmon Resonance in for Fuels and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, Proceedings of the Fourth Biomass Chemochromic Thin Films. Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: Conference of the Americas, 29 August— De Groot, W.A., ed. Advanced Sensors pp. 455-472. 2 September 1999, Oakland, California. and Monitors for Process Industries and the United Kingdom: Elsevier Science, Ltd., Environment: Proceedings of SPIE— Nguyen, Q.A.; Tucker, M.P.; Keller, F.A.; 1999; Vol. 1: pp. 811-818. The International Society for Optical Beatty, D.A.; Connors, K.M.; Eddy, F.P. Engineering Conference, November 1998, Dilute Acid Hydrolysis of Tuskan, G.; West, D.; Bradshaw, H.D.; Boston, Massachusetts. SPIE Proceedings, Softwoods: Scientific Note. Neale, D.; Sewell, M.; Wheeler, N.; Vol. 3535. Bellingham, WA: Society of Applied Biochemstry and Biotechnology. Megraw, B.; Jech, K.; Wiselogel, A.; Photo-Optical Instrumentation Proceedings of the Twentieth Evans, R.; Elam, C.; Davis, M.; Dinus, R. Engineers, 1999; pp. 185-202. Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels Two High-Throughput Techniques and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, for Determining Wood Properties Dillon, A.C.; Landry, M.D.; Jones, K.M.; Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: as Part of a Molecular Genetics Webb, J.D.; Heben, M.J. Oxidation pp. 133-142. Analysis of Hybrid Poplar and and Reduction of Single-Wall Loblolly Pine. Applied Biochemistry and Carbon Nanotube Materials. Oasmaa, A.; Czernik, S. Fuel Oil Biotechnology. Proceedings of the Kadish, K.M.; Ruoff, R.S., eds. Quality of Biomass Pyrolysis Oils. Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology Proceedings of the Symposium on Recent Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: for Fuels and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, Advances in the Chemistry and Physics of A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and Gatlinburg, Tennessee. 1999; 77-79: Fullerenes and Related Materials, Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the pp. 55-65. May 1997, Montreal, Canada. Fourth Biomass Conference of the Proceedings Vol. 97-14. Pennington, NJ: Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Wooley, R.; Ma, Z.; Wang, N.H.L. The Electrochemical Society, Inc., 1997; Oakland, California. United Kingdom: Nine-Zone Simulating Moving Bed Vol. 4: pp. 916-928. Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 2: for the Recovery of Glucose and pp. 1247-1252. Xylose from Biomass Hydrolyzate. Dillon, A.C.; Parilla, P.A.; Jones, K.M.; Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Riker, G.; Heben, M.J. Comparison of Rooney, T.E.; Haase, S.G.; Wiselogel, A.E. Research. 1998; 37(9): pp. 3699-3709. Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Lignocellulosic Feedstock Resource Production Using Continuous Assessment. Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., Wave and Pulsed Laser eds. Biomass: A Growth Opportunity in Vaporization. Singh, R.K., et al., eds.
26 Information Resources Catalogue Advances in Laser Ablation of Materials: Curtis, C.J.; Ginley, D.S. Next Study on Energy Efficiency in Industry. Proceedings of the Materials Research Generation V2O5 Cathode Washington, DC: American Council for Society Symposium, 13-16 April 1998, Materials for Li Rechargeable an Energy-Efficient Economy, 1999; San Francisco, California. Materials Batteries. 1998; 113-115: pp. 407-413. pp. 559-569. Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 526. Warrendale, PA: Materials Park, N.G.; Schlichthorl, G.; Overend, R. Biomass and Bioenergy: Research Society, 1998; pp. 403-408. van de Lagemaat, J.; Cheong, H.M.; Chornobyl Remediation Options. Mascarenhas, A.; Frank, A.J. Proceedings of the Chornobyl DuBois, D.L. Development of Dye-Sensitized TiO2 Solar Cells: Phytoremediation and Biomass Energy Electrocatalysts for Carbon Dioxide Structural and Photoelectro- Conversion Workshop, 23-25 February Reduction Using Polydentate chemical Characterization of 1998, Slavutych, Ukraine. Richland, WA: Ligands to Probe Structure-Activity Nanocrystalline Electrodes Formed Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Relationships. Advances in Chemical from the Hydrolysis of TiCl4. June 1998; pp. 165-168. PNNL-SA-29991. Conversions for Mitigating Carbon Dioxide: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 1999; Proceedings of the Fourth International 103: pp. 3308-3314. Overend, R. Biomass Gasification: Conference on Carbon Dioxide Utilization, A Growing Business. Renewable Energy 7-11 September 1997, Kyoto, Japan. Perkins, J.D.; Birgeneau, R.J.; World. November 1998; 1(3): pp. 27-31. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, Graybeal, J.M.; Kastner, M.A.; Vol. 114. New York: Elsevier Science, Kleinberg, D.S. Midinfrared Optical Overend, R. Biomass Energy 1998; pp. 43-53. Excitations in Undoped Lamellar Conversion. Proceedings of the Copper Oxides. Physical Review. B, Chornobyl Phytoremediation and Biomass Ferrere, S.; Gregg, B.A. Chloride Condensed Matter. 1 October 1998-II; Energy Conversion Workshop, Oxidation Catalysis by a 58(14): pp. 9390-9401. 23-25 February 1998, Slavutych, Ukraine. Polymeric Oxide Derived from Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest [Ru(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) Perkins, J.D.; Mascarenhas, A.; Zhang, Y.; National Laboratory, June 1998; (Cl)3(H2O)]. Journal of the Chemical Geisz, J.F.; Friedman, D.J.; Olson, J.M.; pp. 19-21. PNNL- SA-29991. Society, Faraday Transactions. 1998; 94: Kurtz, S.R. Nitrogen-Activated pp. 2827-2833. Transitions, Level Repulsion, and Solantausta, Y.; Beckman, D.; Podesser, E.; Band Gap Reduction in GaAs1-xNx Overend, R.P.; Ostman, A. IEA Gregg, B.A.; Cormier, R.A. Liquid with x<0.03. Physical Review Letters. Bioenergy Feasibility Studies. Crystal Perylene Diimide Films 19 April 1999; 82(16): pp. 3312-3315. Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: Characterized by Electrochemical, A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and Spectroelectrochemical and Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Conductivity versus Potential Fourth Biomass Conference of the Measurements. Journal of Physical Biomass Power Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Chemistry B. 1998; 102: pp. 9952-9957. Oakland, California. United Kingdom: Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 1: Halley, J.W.; Smith, B.B.; Walbran, S.; Biomass: A Growth Opportunity in pp. 463-469. Curtiss, L.A.; Rigney, R.O.; Sutjianto, A.; Green Energy and Value-Added Hung, N.C.; Yonco, R.M.; Nagy, Z. Products; Proceedings of the Walter, A.; Overend, R.P. Financial and Theory and Experiment on the Fourth Biomass Conference of Environmental Incentives: Impact Cuprous-Cupric Electron Transfer the Americas, on the Potential of BIG-CC Rate at a Copper Electrode. 29 August—2 September 1999, Technology at the Sugar-Cane Journal of Chemical Physics. 1 April 1999; Oakland, California (Volumes 1 Industry. Sayigh, A.A.M., ed. 110(13): pp. 6538-6552. and 2). Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Renewable Energy: Energy Efficiency, Policy United Kingdom: Elsevier Science, Ltd., and the Environment. Proceedings of Liu, P.; Zhang, J.G.; Turner, J.A.; 1999; 1833 pp. World Renewable Energy Congress V Tracy, C.E.; Benson, D.K. (WREC-V), 20-25 September 1998, Lithium-Manganese-Oxide Thin- Mann, M.K.; Ivy, J.S. Technoeconomic Florence, Italy; Part II. New York: Film Cathodes Prepared by Analysis of Algal and Bacterial Pergamon Press, 1998; pp. 1045-1048. Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Hydrogen Production Systems. Deposition. Journal of the Electrochemical Zaborsky, O.R., et al., eds. BioHydrogen: Walter, A.; Overend, R.P. Feasibility of Society. June 1999; 146: pp. 2001-2005. Proceedings of an International Conference BIG-GT Systems: Perspective Analysis on Biological Hydrogen Production, vis-a-vis Thermal Power Plants Liu, P.; Zhang, J.G.; Turner, J.A.; Tracy, C.E.; 23-26 June 1997, Waikoloa, Hawaii. Burning Natural Gas. Sayigh, A.A.M., Benson, D.K.; Bhattacharya, R.N. New York: Plenum Press, 1998; ed. Renewable Energy: Energy Efficiency, Fabrication of LiV2O5 Thin-Film pp. 415-424. Policy and the Environment. Proceedings Electrodes for Rechargeable of World Renewable Energy Congress V Lithium Batteries. Solid State Ionics. Mann, M.K.; Spath, P.L. Life Cycle (WREC-V), 20-25 September 1998, 1998; 111: pp.145-151. Comparison of Electricity from Florence, Italy; Part III. New York: Biomass and Coal. Industry and Pergamon Press, 1998; pp. 1996-1999. 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Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 27 Walter, A.; Souza, M.R.; Overend, R.P. Hayter, S.; Torcellini, P.A.; Judkoff, R.; Cancer Cells. Separation and Purification Feasibility of Cofiring (Biomass + Jenior, M.M. Creating Low-Energy Methods. 1999; 28(1): pp. 1-50. Natural Gas) Power Systems. Commercial Buildings Through Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: Effective Design and Evaluation. Bozell, J.J.; Hoberg, J.O.; Claffey, D.; A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and Panel 3: Commercial Buildings: Hames, B.R.; Dimmel, D.R. Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Technologies, Design, and Performance New Methodology for the Fourth Biomass Conference of the Analysis. 1998 ACEEE Summer Study Production of Chemicals from Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, on Energy Efficiency in Buildings Renewable Feedstocks, Chapter 2. Oakland, California. United Kingdom: Proceedings. Washington, DC: American Anastas, P.T.; Williamson, T.C., eds. Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 2: Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy, Green Chemistry: Frontiers in Benign pp. 1321-1327. 1999; pp. 3.181-3.192. Chemical Syntheses and Processes. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, Judkoff, R.; Neymark, J. BESTEST 1998; pp. 27-45. Buildings Method for Evaluating and Diagnosing Building Energy Bozell, J.J.; Moens, L.; Elliott, D.C.; Software. Panel 5: International Wang, Y.; Neuenscwander, G.G.; Azerbegi, R.; Barker, G. Technique Collaborations and Global Market Issues. Fitzpatrick, S.W.; Bilski, R.J.; Jarnefeld, J.L. for Monitoring and Predicting 1999 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Production of Levulinic Acid and Annual Performance of a Building Efficiency in Buildings Proceedings. Use as a Platform Chemical for Integrated Photovoltaic System. Washington, DC: American Council for Derived Products. Industry and Hogan, R., et al., eds. Proceedings of an Energy-Efficient Economy, 1999; Innovation in the 21st Century: Renewable and Advanced Energy Systems pp. 5.175-5.192. Proceedings of the 1999 ACEEE Summer for the 21st Century (RAES '99), Study on Energy Efficiency in Industry. 11-15 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. Torcellini, P.A.; Hayter, S.J.; Ketcham, M.S.; Washington, DC: American Council for New York: American Society of Judkoff, R.; Jenior, M.M. Renewable- an Energy-Efficient Economy, 1999; Mechanical Engineers, 1999; 11 pp. Energy Technologies for Designing pp. 685-699. and Constructing Low-Energy Balcomb, J.D. Using ENERGY-10 for Commercial Buildings. Green Buechler, K.J.; Noble, R.D.; Koval, C.A.; Trade-Off Evaluations of Energy- Building Challenge ‘98: International Jacoby, W.A. Investigation of the Efficient Strategies in IEA Task 23. Conference on the Performance Assessment Effects of Controlled Periodic Green Building Challenge ‘98: Proceedings of Buildings, 26-28 October 1998, Illumination on the Oxidation of of An International Conference on the Vancouver, Canada. Ontario, Canada: Gaseous Trichloroethylene Using a Performance Assessment of Buildings, Minister of Supply and Services, 1999; Thin Film of TiO2. Industrial and 26-28 October 1998, Vancouver, Canada. pp. 405-414. Engineering Chemistry Research. 1999; 38: Ottawa, Canada: Natural Resources pp. 892-896. Canada, 1999; Vol. 1; pp. 355-362. Walker, A.; Azerbegi, R. Measurement and Verification for Solar Water Czernik, S.; French, R.; Feik, C.; Dahle, D.E. Transforming Federal Heating Performance Contracts. Chornet, E. Fluidized Bed Catalytic Sector Procurement of Performance Hogan, R., et al., eds. Proceedings of Steam Reforming of Pyrolysis Oil Based Energy Services. Panel 4: Renewable and Advanced Energy Systems for Production of Hydrogen. Commercial Buildings: Program Design, for the 21st Century (RAES '99), Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: Implementation, and Evaluation. 11-15 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. New A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and 1998 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy York: American Society of Mechanical Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Efficiency in Buildings Proceedings. Engineers, 1999; 10 pp. Fourth Biomass Conference of the Washington, DC: American Council for Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, an Energy-Efficient Economy, 1999; Oakland, California. United Kingdom: pp. 4.99-4.110. Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 1: Chemical Technologies pp. 827-832. Farrar, S.; Hancock, E.; Anderson, R. System Interactions and Energy Davis, M.F.; Wang, X.M.; Myers, M.D.; Savings in a Hot Dry Climate. Panel Abatzoglou, N.; Chornet, E. Acid Iwamiya, J.H.; Kelley, S.S. Study of the 1: Residential Buildings: Technologies, Hydrolysis of Hemicelluloses and Molecular Interactions Occurring Design, and Performance Analysis. Cellulose: Theory and Applications, in Blends of Cellulose Esters and 1998 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Chapter 27. Dumitriu, S., ed. Phenolic Polymers. Heinze, T.J.; Efficiency in Buildings Proceedings. Polysaccharides: Structural Diversity and Glasser, W.G., eds. Cellulose Derivatives: Washington, DC: American Council for Functional Versatility. New York: Marcel Modification, Characterization, and an Energy-Efficient Economy, 1999; Dekker, Inc., 1998; pp. 1007-1046. Nanostructures. ACS Symposium Series pp. 1.79-1.91. 688. Washington, DC: American Blake, D.M.; Maness, P.C.; Huang, Z.; Chemical Society, 1998; Chap. 20: pp. Gawlik, K. National Renewable Energy Wolfrum, E.J.; Huang, J.; Jacoby, W.A. 283-295. Developed from a symposium Lab Develops Low-Cost, Solar Application of the Photocatalytic sponsored by the Division of Cellulose, Collector. Scientific Computing and Chemistry of Titanium Dioxide to Paper, and Textiles at the 212th Automation. November 1998; 12: pp. 15-16. Disinfection and the Killing of National Meeting of the American
28 Information Resources Catalogue Chemical Society, 25-29 August 1996, Hames, B.R.; Kurek, B.; Pollet, B.; United Kingdom: Elsevier Science, Ltd., Orlando, Florida. Lapierre, C.; Monties, B. Interaction 1999; Vol. 1: pp. 379-385. between MnO2 and Oxalate: Dumitriu, S.; Chornet, E. Formation of a Natural and Meder, R.; Gallagher, S.; Mackie, K.L.; Polysaccharides as Support for Abiotic Lignin Oxidizing System. Bohler, H.; Meglen, R.R. Enzyme and Cell Immobilization, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Rapid Determination of the Chapter 19. Dumitriu, S., ed. 1998; 46(12): pp. 5362-5367. Chemical Composition and Density Polysaccharides: Structural Diversity and of Pinus radiata by PLS Modelling Functional Versatility. New York: Marcel Hoberg, J.O. Synthesis of Seven- of Transmission and Diffuse Dekker, Inc., 1998; pp. 629-748. Membered Oxacycles. Tetrahedron. Reflectance FTIR Spectra. 15 October 1998; 54(42): Holzforschung. 1999; 53: pp. 261-266. Elliott, D.C.; Fitzpatrick, S.W.; pp. 12631-12670. Bozell, J.J.; Jarnefield, J.L.; Bilski, R.J.; Nimlos, M.R.; Filley, J.; Ibrahim, M.A.; Moens, L.; Frye, J.G., Jr.; Wang, Y.; Ibrahim, M.A.; Nimlos, M.; Filley, J.; Watt, A.S.; Blake, D.M. Neuenschwander, G.G. Production of Blake, D.; Watt, A.; Wolfrum, E.; Photoactivated Metal Removal. Levulinic Acid and Use as a Muralidharan, S. Photoactive Ion Hogan, R., et al., eds. Proceedings of Platform Chemical for Derived Exchange Resins. Proceedings of the Renewable and Advanced Energy Systems Products. Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. 1998 TAPPI International Environmental for the 21st Century (RAES '99), 11-15 Biomass: A Growth Opportunity in Conference and Exhibit, 5-8 April 1998, April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. New York: Green Energy and Value-Added Products; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. American Society of Mechanical Proceedings of the Fourth Biomass Norcross, GA: Technical Association of Engineers, 1999; 9 pp. Conference of the Americas, 29 August— the Paper and Pulp Industry (TAPPI), 2 September 1999, Oakland, California. 1998; Vol 1: pp. 215-216. Paisley, M.A.; Farris, M.C.; Black, J.; United Kingdom: Elsevier Science, Ltd., Irving, J.M.; Overend, R.P. 1999; Vol. 1: pp. 595-600. Jacoby, W.A.; Maness, P.C.; Wolfrum, E.J.; Commercial Demonstration Blake, D.M.; Fennell, J.A. of the Battelle/FERCO Biomass Falconer, J.L.; Magrini-Bair, K.A. Mineralization of Bacterial Cell Gasification Process: Startup and Photocatalytic and Thermal Mass on a Photocatalytic Surface Initial Operating Experience. Catalytic Oxidation of Acetaldehyde in Air. Environmental Science and Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. on Pt/TiO2. Journal of Catalysis. 1998; Technology. September 1998; 32(17): Biomass: A Growth Opportunity in Green 179: pp. 171-178. pp. 2650-2653. Energy and Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Fourth Biomass Filley, J.; Ibrahim, M.A.; Nimlos, M.R.; Magrini, K.A.; Watt, A.S.; Boyd, L.C.; Conference of the Americas, 29 August— Watt, A.S.; Blake, D.M. Magnesium Wolfrum, E.J.; Larson, S.A.; Roth, C.; 2 September 1999, Oakland, California. and Calcium Chelation by a Glatzmaier, G.C. Application of Solar United Kingdom: Elsevier Science, Ltd., Bis-Spiropyran. Journal of Photocatalytic Oxidation to VOC- 1999; Vol. 2: pp. 1061-1066. Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Containing Airstreams. Hogan, R., Chemistry. 1998; 117: pp. 193-198. et al., eds. Proceedings of Renewable and Radziszewski, J.G. Electronic Advanced Energy Systems for the 21st Absorption Spectrum of Phenyl Filley, J.; Roth, C. Vanadium Catalyzed Century (RAES '99), 11-15 April 1999, Radical. Chemical Physics Letters. Guaiacol Deoxygenation. Journal of Maui, Hawaii. New York: American 5 March 1999; 301: pp. 565-570. Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999; March 1999; 139(2-3): pp. 245-252. 13 pp. Radziszewski, J.G.; Kaszynski, P.; Friderichsen, A.; Abildgaard, J. Bent Glasser, W.G.; Rials, T.G.; Kelley, S.S.; Mann, M.K.; Spath, P.L. Economic Cyclopenta-2,4-Dienylideneketene: Dave, V. Studies of the Molecular Feasibility of Producing Hydrogen Spectroscopic and ab initio Study Interaction Between Cellulose and from Sunlight, Wind, and Biomass of Reactive Intermediate. Collection Lignin as a Model for the Energy. Hogan, R., et al., eds. of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications. Hierarchical Structure of Wood. Proceedings of Renewable and Advanced 1998; 63(8): pp. 1094-1106. Heinze, T.J.; Glasser, W.G., eds. Cellulose Energy Systems for the 21st Century (RAES Derivatives: Modification, Characterization, '99), 11-15 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. Reed, T.B.; Walt, R.; Ellis, S.; Das, A.; and Nanostructures. ACS Symposium New York: American Society of Deutsch, S. Superficial Velocity—The Series 688. Washington, DC: American Mechanical Engineers, 1999; 16 pp. Key to Downdraft Gasification. Chemical Society, 1998; Chap. 19: pp. Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: 265-282. Developed from a symposium Mann, M.K.; Spath, P.L. Net CO2 A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and sponsored by the Division of Cellulose, Emissions and Energy Balances of Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Paper, and Textiles at the 212th Biomass and Coal-Fired Power Fourth Biomass Conference of the National Meeting of the American Systems. Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Chemical Society, 25-29 August 1996, Biomass: A Growth Opportunity in Green Oakland, California. United Kingdom: Orlando, Florida. Energy and Value-Added Products; Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 2: Proceedings of the Fourth Biomass pp. 1001-1007. Conference of the Americas, 29 August— 2 September 1999, Oakland, California.
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 29 Rocha, J.D.; Kelley, S.S.; Chum, H.L. 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Council for an Energy-Efficient Application of the Slow Pyrolysis Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Economy, 1999; pp. iii-v. Eucalyptus Oil to Make PF Resins. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Lee, D.; Nevin, R.; Farhar, B.C. Market A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 234-237. Value of Energy Efficiency: What Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Have We Learned? What Do We Fourth Biomass Conference of the Gao, W.; Lee, S.H.; Xu, Y.; Morrison, S.; Still Need to Learn? Panel 2: Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Benson, D.K.; Branz, H.M. First Residential Buildings: Program Design, Oakland, California. United Kingdom: Monolithic Tandem Photovoltaic- Implementation, and Evaluation. 1998 Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 1: Powered Electrochromic Smart ACEEE Summer Study on Energy pp. 513-519. Window. Schropp, R., et al., eds. Efficiency in Buildings Proceedings. Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Washington, DC: American Council for Stevens, L.; Lanning, J.A.; Anderson, L.G.; Technology 1998: Proceedings of the an Energy-Efficient Economy, 1999; Jacoby, W.A.; Chornet, N. Materials Research Society Symposium, pp. 2.103-2.113. Investigation of the Photocatalytic 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, Oxidation of Low-Level Carbonyl California. Materials Research Society Patel, P.S.; Tangco, V.; Craig, K. Fuel Compounds. Journal of the Air and Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 507. Cells: A Solution for Pollution. Waste Management Association. Warrendale, PA: Materials Research Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: October 1998; 48: pp. 979-984. Society, 1999; pp. 345-350. A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Watt, A.S. Investigation into the Lee, S.H.; Gao, W.; Tracy, C.E.; Branz, H.M.; Fourth Biomass Conference of the Use of Low Temperature Catalytic Benson, D.K.; Deb, S. Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Oxidation for the Control of Monolithic, Self-Powered Oakland, California. United Kingdom: Volatile Organic Compounds Photovoltaic-Electrochromic Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 2: Released from Forest Product Coating for Windows. Journal of the p. 1533. Industry Operations. Proceedings Electrochemical Society. October 1998; of the 1998 TAPPI International 145(10): pp. 3545-3550. Sweezey, B.; Houston, A.; Peterson, T.M. Environmental Conference and Exhibit, Summary of the Third National 5-8 April 1998, Vancouver, British Tracy, C.E.; Zhang, J.G.; Benson, D.K.; Conference: Selling Green Power Columbia, Canada. Norcross, GA: Czanderna, A.W.; Deb, S.K. in Competitive Markets. 1999. Technical Association of the Paper and Accelerated Durability Testing of Available electronically only at Pulp Industry (TAPPI), 1998; Vol 3: Electrochromic Windows. http://www.eren.goe.gov/greenpower/ pp. 1131-1137. Electrochimica Acta. 1 May 1999; 44(18): gpc3summ.html. pp. 3195-3202. Presented at the Third Wolfrum, E.J.; Weaver, P.F. International Meeting on Electrochromism Touryan, K.J. Renewable Energy: Quantitative Measurement of the (IME-3); 7-9 September 1998, London, Rapidly Maturing Technology for Growth Rate of the PHA-Producing United Kingdom. the 21st Century. Journal of Propulsion Photosynthetic Bacterium and Power. March/April 1999; 15(2): Rhodocyclus gelatinosus CBS-2. pp. 163-174. Hogan, R., et al., eds. Proceedings of Energy Efficiency Renewable and Advanced Energy Systems Walker, A.; Thompson, A.; Mills, D.; for the 21st Century (RAES ‘99), and Renewable Energy Kats, G.H. Setting Standards: 11-15 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. New Renewables and the IPMVP York: American Society of Mechanical (International Performance Engineers, 1999; 11 pp. Azerbegi, R.; Mas, C.; Walker, A.; Measurement and Verification Morris, R.; Christensen, J. Protocol). Renewable Energy World. Determining the Best Source of July 1999; 2(4): pp. 172-175. Electrochromic Windows Renewable Electricity to Power a Remote Site for the National Park Wiser, R.; Porter, K.; Fang, J. Service. Hogan, R., et al., eds. Green Power Marketing in Retail Czanderna, A.W.; Benson, D.K.; Proceedings of Renewable and Advanced Competition: An Early Assessment. Jorgensen, G.J.; Zhang, J.G.; Tracy, C.E.; Energy Systems for the 21st Century (RAES Overend, R.P.; Chornet, E., eds. Biomass: Deb, S.K. Durability Issues and '99), 11-15 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and Service Lifetime Prediction of New York: American Society of Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Electrochromic Windows for Mechanical Engineers, 1999; 12 pp. Fourth Biomass Conference of the Buildings Applications. Solar Energy Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Materials and Solar Cells. 1999; 56: Chum, H.L. Introduction to the Oakland, California. United Kingdom: pp. 419-436. 1999 ACEEE Summer Study on Elsevier Science, Ltd., 1999; Vol. 2: Energy Efficiency in Industry. pp. 1547-1553. Gao, W.; Lee, S.H.; Xu, Y.; Benson, D.K.; Industry and Innovation in the 21st Deb, S.K.; Branz, H.M. Wide-Gap Century: Proceedings of the 1999 ACEEE a-SiC:H PV-Powered Electrochromic Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Window Coating. Schmid, J., et al., eds. Industry. Washington, DC: American
30 Information Resources Catalogue Seibert, M.; Flynn, T.; Benson, D.; Tracy, E.; Ghirardi, M. Development Energy Policy and Geothermal Energy of Selection and Screening Analysis Procedures for Rapid Identification Gawlik, K.; Sugama, T.; Webster, R.; of H2-Producing Algal Mutants Reams, W. Field Testing of Heat with Increased O Tolerance. Adamian, S.; Elliott, G.; Touryan, K. 2 Exchanger Tube Coatings. Zaborsky, O.R., et al., eds. BioHydrogen: Pre-Feasibility Evaluation for a Geothermal: The Clean and Green Energy Proceedings of an International Conference Biomass-to-Energy Pilot Project at Choice for the World. Transactions of the on Biological Hydrogen Production, Verkhni-Ozerski Village, Geothermal Resources Council 1998 23-26 June 1997, Waikoloa, Hawaii. New Arkhangelsk Region, Russia. Annual Meeting, 20-23 September 1998, York: Plenum Press, 1998; pp. 227-234. Renewable Energy Technologies in Cold San Diego, California. Davis, CA: Climates ‘98: Proceedings of an Geothermal Resources Council, 1998; International Conference Incorporating Vol. 22: pp. 385-391. the 24th Annual Conference of the Solar Materials Science Energy Society of Canada, Inc. (SESCI), and Semiconductors 4-6 May 1998, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Solar Energy Society of Canada, Inc., Hydrogen 1998; pp. 428-434. Ahrenkiel, R.K.; Johnston, S. Injection- Gregoire-Padro, C.E. Road to the Level Spectroscopy of Metal Farhar, B.C. Gender and Renewable Hydrogen Future: Research and Impurities in Silicon. Ashok, S., et al., Energy: Policy, Analysis, and Market Development in the Hydrogen eds. Defect and Impurity Engineered Implications. Sayigh, A.A.M., ed. Program. Preprints of the American Semiconductors II: Proceedings of the Renewable Energy: Energy Efficiency, Policy Chemical Society 216th National Meeting, Materials Research Society Symposium, and the Environment. Proceedings of 22-27 August 1998, Boston, Massachusetts. 13-17 April 1998, San Francisco, California. World Renewable Energy Congress V American Chemical Society, 1998; Materials Research Society Symposium (WREC-V), 20-25 September 1998, 43(3): pp. 353-357. Proceedings, Vol. 510. Warrendale, PA: Florence, Italy; Part I. New York: Materials Research Society, 1998; Pergamon Press, 1998; pp. 230-239. Gregoire-Padro, C.E.; Schucan, T.H.; pp. 575-581. Skolnik, E.; Bracht, M. Evaluation Tool Farhar, B.C.; Roper, M. Understanding for Selection and Optimization of Ahrenkiel, S.P.; Johnston, S.W.; Residential Grid-Tied PV Customers Hydrogen Demonstration Projects. Ahrenkiel, R.K.; Arent, D.J.; Hanna, M.C.; and Their Willingness to Pay Today’s Saetre, T.O., ed. Hydrogen Power: Wanlass, M.C. Atomic Ordering Costs: A Qualitative Assessment. Theoretical and Engineering Solutions. and Temperature-Dependent Panel 8: Information Technologies, Proceedings of the HYPOTHESIS II Transient Photoconductivity in Consumer Behavior, and Non-Energy Symposium, 18-22 August 1997, Ga In As. Applied Physics Letters. Benefits. 1998 ACEEE Summer Study 0.47 0.53 Grimstad, Norway. Netherlands: 7 June 1999; 74(23): pp. 3534-3536. on Energy Efficiency in Buildings Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1998; Proceedings. Washington, DC: pp. 453-458. Asbury, J.B.; Ellingson, R.J.; Ghosh, American Council for an Energy- H.N.; Ferrere, S.; Nozik, A.J.; Lian, T. Efficient Economy, 1999; pp. 8.55-8.67. Luo, Y.H.; Kumazawa, S.; Brand, L.E. Femtosecond IR Study of Excited- Effect of Exogenous Substrates State Relaxation and Electron- Matson, R.J.; Carasso, M. Sustainability, on Hydrogen Photoproduction Injection Dynamics of Energy Technologies, and Ethics. by a Marine Cyanobacterium, Ru(dcbpy) (NCS) in Solution and Sayigh, A.A.M., ed. Renewable Energy: 2 2 Synechococcus sp. Miami BG 043511. on Nanocrystalline TiO and Al O Energy Efficiency, Policy and the Environment. 2 2 3 Zaborsky, O.R., et al., eds. BioHydrogen: Thin Films. Journal of Physical Proceedings of World Renewable Energy Proceedings of an International Conference Chemistry B. 22 April 1999; 103(16): Congress V (WREC-V), 20-25 September on Biological Hydrogen Production, pp. 3110-3119. 1998, Florence, Italy; Part II. New York: 23-26 June 1997, Waikoloa, Hawaii. Pergamon Press, 1998; pp. 1200-1203. New York: Plenum Press, 1998; Bertram, D.; Hanna, M.C.; Nozik, A.J. pp. 219-225. Work performed by Two Color Blinking of Single University of Miami, Miami, Florida, Strain-Induced GaAs Quantum Dots. and Tokai University, Shimizu, Japan. Applied Physics Letters. 3 May 1999; 74(18): pp. 2666-2668. Markov, S.A. Bioreactors for Hydrogen Production. Zaborsky, O.R., Cho, J.H.; Zhang, S.B. Comment on et al., eds. BioHydrogen: Proceedings of an “Identification of the Si 2p International Conference on Biological Surface Core Level Shifts on the Hydrogen Production, 23-26 June 1997, Sb/Si(100)-(2 x 1) Interface.” Waikoloa, Hawaii. New York: Plenum Physical Review Letters. 31 May 1999; Press, 1998; pp. 383-390. 82(22): p. 4564.
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 31 Doolittle, W.A.; Rohatgi, A.; Ahrenkiel, R.; Materials in Electronics. May 1999; 10: American Society for Testing and Levi, D.; Augustine, G.; Hopkins, R.H. pp. 191-197. Materials, 1998; pp. 88-98. Understanding the Role of Defects in Limiting the Minority Carrier Meier, A.; Selmarten, D.C.; Siemoneit, K.; Wolverton, C. First-Principles Lifetime in SiC. Pearton, S.J., et al., eds. Smith, B.B.; Nozik, A.J. Fast Electron Theory of Coherent Precipitaton Power Semiconductor Materials and Devices: Transfer Across Semiconductor- in Size-Mismatched Alloys. Proceedings of the Materials Research Molecule Interfaces: GaAs/Co(Cp) Materials Science Forum. 1999; 294-296: Society Symposium, 1-4 December 1997, 2 +/0. Journal of Physical Chemistry B. pp. 469-472. Boston, Massachusetts. Materials Research 1999; 103(12): pp. 2122-2141. Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 483. Zhang, S.B. Defect Metastability in Warrendale, PA: Materials Research Micic, O.I.; Jones, K.M.; Cahill, A.; Surfaces: A Study of EL2 Defect in Society, 1998; pp. 197-202. Nozik, A.J. Optical, Electronic, and GaAs(110). Physical Review. B, Condensed Structural Properties of Uncoupled Matter. 15 August 1999-I; 60(7): Fisher, G.L.; Hooper, A.; Opila, R.L.; and Close-Packed Arrays of InP pp. 4462-4465. Jung, D.R.; Allara, D.L.; Winograd, N. Quantum Dots. Journal of Physical Interaction Between Vapor-Deposited Chemistry B. 1998; 102(49): A1 Atoms and Methylester- pp. 9791-9796. Terminated Self-Assembled National Renewable Monolayers Studied by Time-of- Shan, W.; Walukiewicz, W.; Ager III, J.W.; Energy Laboratory Flight Secondary Ion Mass Haller, E.E.; Geisz, J.F.; Friedman, D.J.; Spectrometry, X-Ray Photoelectron Olson, J.M.; Kurtz, S.R. Band Spectroscopy and Infrared Anticrossing in GaInNAs Alloys. Walker, A.; Dangi, M. NREL and Its Reflectance Spectroscopy. Journal of Physical Review Letters. 8 February 1999; Involvement in Nepal. Shrestha, J.N.; Electron Spectroscopy and Related 82(6): pp. 1221-1224. Bajracharya, T.R.; Vaidya, B., eds. Phenomena. 1999; 98-99: pp. 139-148. Proceedings of International Conference on Sopori, B.; Chen, W.; Nemire, K.; Gee, J.; Role of Renewable Energy Technology for Geisz, J.F.; Friedman, D.J.; Olson, J.M.; Ostapenko, S. Influence of Defect Rural Development (RETRUD-98), Kurtz, S.R.; Keyes, B.M. Photocurrent Clusters on the Performance of 12-14 October 1998, Kathmandu, Nepal. of 1-eV GaInNAs Lattice-Matched Silicon Solar Cells. Ashok, S., et al., eds. Lalitpur, NEPAL: Institute of to GaAs. Journal of Crystal Growth. Defect and Impurity Engineered Engineering, Tribhuvan Univerisity, 1998; 1998; 195: pp. 401-408. Semiconductors and Devices II: pp. 312-316. Proceedings of the Materials Research Gfroerer, T.H.; Cornell, E.A.; Wanlass, M.W. Society Symposium, 13-17 April 1998, Efficient Directional Spontaneous San Francisco, California. Materials Photoconversion Emission from an InGaAs/InP Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Heterostructure with an Integral Vol. 510. Warrendale, PA: Materials Parabolic Reflector. Journal of Applied Research Society, 1998; pp. 505-510. Gao, X.; Kocha, S.; Frank, A.J.; Turner, J.A. Physics. 1 November 1998; 84(9): Photoelectrochemical pp. 5360-5362. Sopori, B.; Chen, W.; Ravindra, N.M. Decomposition of Water Using Theoretical Analysis of the Modified Monolithic Tandem Cells. Herdt, G.C.; King, D.E.; Czanderna, A.W. Minority Carrier Lifetime in a International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. Penetration of Deposited Au, Cu, Multicrystalline Wafer with Spatially 1999; 24: pp. 319-325. and Ag Overlayers Through Varying Defect Distribution. Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Ashok, S., et al., eds. Defect and Ghirardi, M.L.; Lutton, T.W.; Seibert, M. Monolayers on Gold or Silver. Impurity Engineered Semiconductors II: Effects of Carboxyl Amino Acid Mittal, K. L., ed. Metalized Plastics 5 & 6: Proceedings of the Materials Research Modification on the Properties of Fundamental and Applied Aspects. Society Symposium, 13-17 April 1998, the High-Affinity, Manganese- Netherlands: VSP BV, 1998; pp. 169-201. San Francisco, California. Materials Binding Site in Photosystem II. Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Biochemistry. 1998; 37: pp. 13559-13566. Lee, H.; Yang, W.; Sercel, P.C.; Vol. 510. Warrendale, PA: Materials Norman, A.G. Shape of Self-Assembled Research Society, 1998; pp. 373-378. Ghirardi, M.L.; Preston, C.; Seibert, M. InAs Islands Grown by Molecular Use of a Novel Histidyl Modifier to Beam Epitaxy. Journal of Electronic Wang, T.; Ciszek, T.F. Effects of Sample Probe on Tris-Treated Photosystem Materials. May 1999; 28: pp. 481-485. Inhomogeneity and Geometry on II Membrane Fragments That May Photoconductivity Decay. Gupta, D.C.; Bind Functional Manganese. Lee, S.R.; Millunchick, J.M.; Twesten, R.D.; Bacher, F.R.; Hughes, W.M., eds. Biochemistry. 1998; 37: pp. 13567-13574. Follstaedt, D.M.; Reno, J.L.; Ahrenkiel, S.P.; Recombination Lifetime Measurements in Norman, A.G. Reciprocal-Space Silicon: Papers Presented at the Advanced Khaselev, O.; Turner, J.A. Analysis of Compositional Modul- Workshop on Silicon Recombination Electrochemical Stability of ation in Short-Period Superlattices Lifetime Characterization Methods, p-GaInP2 in Aqueous Electrolytes Using Position-Sensitive X-Ray 2-3 June 1997, Santa Clara, California. Toward Photoelectrochemical Detection. Journal of Materials Science: STP 1340. West Conshohocken, PA: Water Splitting. Journal of the
32 Information Resources Catalogue Electrochemical Society. October 1998; 11-14 October 1998, Denver, Colorado. Conference, 9-11 September 1998, 145(10): pp. 3335-3339. AIP Conference Proceedings 460. Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Khaselev, O.; Turner, J.A. Physics, 1999; pp. 282-288. American Institute of Physics, 1999; Photoelectrolysis of HBr and HI pp. 94-99. Work performed by Solarex, Using a Monolithic Combined Ahrenkiel, R.K.; Johnston, S.W. Newtown, Pennsylvania. Photoelectrochemical/Photovoltaic Large-Signal Injection-Level Device. Electrochemical and Solid-State Spectroscopy of Impurities in Asher, S.E.; Ramanathan, K.; Niles, D.W.; Letters. July 1999; 2(7): pp. 310-312. Silicon. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Wiesner, H.; Moutinho, H. Surface Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Analytical Study of CuInSe2 Rowland, B.; Winter, P.R.; Ellison, G.B.; Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Treated in Cd-Containing Partial Radziszewski, J.G.; Hess, W.P. Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Electrolyte Solution. Al-Jassim, M.; Photochemistry of Matrix-Isolated Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. and Thin Film Acid Chlorides: Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Quantum Yields and Product American Institute of Physics, 1999; Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Structures. Journal of Physical Chemistry pp. 483-491. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. A. 1999; 103: pp. 965-970. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Alivisatos, P.; Carter, S.; Ginley, D.; Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Starosvetsky, D.; Khaselev, O.; Meyer, G.; Nozik, A.; Rosenthal, S. Physics, 1999; pp. 126-131. Starosvetsky, J.; Armon, R.; Yahalom, J. Novel Materials for Photovoltaic Role of Sulfides in Iron Activation Technologies. Benner, J.; Deb, S.; Atwater, H.A.; Sopori, B.; Ciszek, T.; in Chloride-Containing Solutions. McConnell, R., eds. Workshop on Basic Feldman, L.C.; Gee, J.; Rohatgi, A. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters. Research Opportunities in Photovoltaics: Research Opportunities in June 1999; 2(6): pp. 265-266. Proceedings of the Workshop Held in Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics Conjunction with the 195th Meeting of the for the 21st Century. Benner, J.; Deb, S.; Electrochemical Society, 3 May 1999, McConnell, R. eds. Workshop on Basic Solar Energy— Seattle, Washington. NREL/BK-590-26952. Research Opportunities in Photovoltaics: Golden, CO: National Renewable Proceedings of the Workshop Held in Photovoltaics Energy Laboratory, 1999; pp. 71-76. Conjunction with the 195th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, 3 May 1999, Al-Jassim, M.M.; Dhere, R.G.; Jones, K.M.; Seattle, Washington. NREL/BK-590-26952. Abedrabbo, S.; Hensel, J.C.; Gokce, O.H.; Hasoon, F.S.; Sheldon, P. Morphology, Golden, CO: National Renewable Tong, F.M.; Sopori, B.; Fiory, A.T.; Microstructure, and Luminescent Energy Laboratory, 1999; pp. 5-17. Ravindra, N.M. Issues in Emissivity Properties of CdS/CdTe Films. of Silicon. Ozturk, M.C., et al., eds. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World Barzen, S.; Gallagher, A.C. Profiling Rapid Thermal and Integrated Processing Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy of Cross-Sectional a-Si:H Solar VII: Proceedings of the Materials Research Conversion: Proceedings of the Cells Using a Scanning Tunneling Society Symposium, 13-15 April 1998, International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Microscope. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; San Francisco, California. Materials Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Research Society Symposium Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 1063-1066. Program Review: Proceedings of the Proceedings, Vol. 525. Warrendale, PA: 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Materials Research Society, 1998; Aparico, R.; Pant, A.; Birkmire, R. Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference pp. 95-102. Thin Polycrystalline Silicon Films Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: by HWCVD. Ninth Workshop on American Institute of Physics, 1999; Abulfotuh, F.; Balcioglu, A.; Friedman, D.; Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials pp. 279-284. Geisz, J.; Kurtz, S. Investigation of and Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers Deep Levels in GaInNAs. Al-Jassim, M.; from the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Basso, T.S. NREL Outdoor Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Breckenridge, Colorado. Accelerated-Weathering Tracking NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: System and Photovoltaic Module Proceedings of the 15th Conference, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Exposure Results. Al-Jassim, M.; 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. August 1999; pp. 152-155. Work Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. performed by University of Delaware, NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Newark, Delaware. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Physics, 1999; pp. 492-498. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Arya, R.R.; Carlson, D.E.; Chen, L.F.; AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Ahrenkiel, R.K.; Ellingson, R.; Johnston, S.; Ganguly, G.; He, M.; Lin, G.; Middya, R.; Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Webb, J.; Carapella, J.; Wanlass, M. Wood, G.; Newton, J.; Bennett, M.; Physics, 1999; pp. 643-648. Recombination Lifetime of Jackson, F.; Willing, F. R&D Issues in InxGa1-xAs Alloys Used in Scale-Up and Manufacturing of Benner, J.P. Viewpoint: Thermophotovoltaic Converters. Amorphous Silicon Tandem Modules. Photovoltaics in Transit to Coutts, T.J.; Benner, J.P.; Allman, C.S., eds. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Significant Role. IEEE Spectrum. Thermophotovoltaic Generation of et al., eds. 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Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 33 Bertness, K.A.; Kurtz, S.R.; Asher, S.E.; Measurements in Hydrogenated Troy, Michigan; and Harvard University, Reedy, R.C., Jr. AlInP Benchmarks Amorphous Silicon: Testing H Cambridge, Massachusetts. for Growth of AlGaInP Compounds Metastability Models. Physical Review. by Organometallic Vapor-Phase B, Condensed Matter. 15 February 1999-II; Chen, S.; Taylor, P.C.; Viner, J.M. Epitaxy. Journal of Crystal Growth. 59(8): pp. 5513-5520. Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon January 1999; 196(1): pp. 13-22. Alloyed with Selenium. Schropp, R., Braymen, S.; Grimmer, D.; Jeffrey, F.; et al., eds. Amorphous and Bhattacharya, R.N.; Batchelor, W.; Martens, S.; Noack, M.; Scandrett, B.; Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: Wiesner, H.; Hasoon, F.; Granata, J.E.; Thomas, M. Monolithic Amorphous Proceedings of the Materials Research Ramanathan, K.; Alleman, J.; Keane, J.; Silicon Modules on Continuous Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, Mason, A.; Matson, R.J.; Noufi, R.N. Polymer Substrates. Al-Jassim, M.; San Francisco, California. Materials 14.1% CuIn1-xGaxSe2-Based Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Research Society Symposium Photovoltaic Cells from NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Electrodeposited Precursors. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Materials Research Society, 1999; Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. pp. 459-464. Work performed by October 1998; 145(10): pp. 3435-3440. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Birkmire, R.; Engelmann, M. Chemical Physics, 1999; pp. 737-740. Work Ciszek, T.F.; Wang, T.H.; Doolittle, W.A.; Kinetics and Equilibrium Analysis performed by Iowa Thin Film Rohatgi, A. Iron-Gallium Pair of I-III-VI Films. Al-Jassim, M.; Technologies, Boone, Iowa. Defects in Float-Zoned Silicon. Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Claeys, C.L., et al., eds. Proceedings of NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Cannon, T.W. Spectral Measurements the Fifth International Symposium on High Proceedings of the 15th Conference, of Pulse Solar Simulators. Purity Silicon V, 1-6 November 1998, 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Boston, Massachusetts. Electrochemical AIP Conference Proceedings 462. et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Society Proceedings Vol. 98-13. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Review: Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Pennington, NJ: The Electrochemical Physics, 1999; pp. 23-28. Work 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Society, Inc., 1998; pp. 230-237. performed by University of Delaware, AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Newark, Delaware. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Ciszek, T.F.; Wang, T.H. Float-Zone Physics, 1999; pp. 623-628. Pedestal Growth of Thin Silicon Branz, H.M. Hydrogen Collision Filaments. Claeys, C.L., et al., eds. Model: Quantitative Description of Chang, C.H.; Morrone, A.A.; Stanbery, B.J.; Proceedings of the Fifth International Metastability in Amorphous McCreary, C.; Huang, M.; Huang, C.H.; Symposium on High Purity Silicon V, Silicon. Physical Review. B, Condensed Li, S.S.; Anderson, T.J. Growth and 1-6 November 1998, Boston, Massachusetts. Matter. 15 February 1999; 59(8): Characterization of CdS Buffer Electrochemical Society Proceedings pp. 5498-5511. Layers by CBD and MOCVD. Vol. 98-13. Pennington, NJ: Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., The Electrochemical Society, Inc., 1998; Branz, H.M. Hydrogen Collision et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Program pp. 85-89. Model of the Staebler-Wronski Review: Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Effect: Microscopics and Kinetics. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Compaan, A.D.; Matulionis, I.; Nakade, S. Schropp, R., et al., eds. Amorphous and AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Lasers and Beam Delivery Options Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: Woodbury, NY: American Institute of for Polycrystalline Thin-Film Proceedings of the Materials Research Physics, 1999; pp. 114-119. Work Scribing. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, performed by University of Florida, Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics San Francisco, California. Materials Gainesville, Florida. Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Research Society Symposium Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Chen, C.C.; Lubianiker, Y.; Cohen, J.D.; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Materials Research Society, 1999; Yang, J.C.; Guha, S.; Wickboldt, P.; Paul, W. Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: pp. 709-714. Electronic Structure, Metastability American Institute of Physics, 1999; and Transport Properties of pp. 42-47. Work performed by Branz, H.M. New Microscopic Model Optimized Amorphous Silicon- University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio. of the Staebler-Wronski Effect in Germanium Alloys. Schropp, R., et al., Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon. eds. Amorphous and Microcrystalline Compaan, A.D.; Sites, J.R.; Birkmire, R.W.; Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Silicon Technology 1998: Proceedings of Ferekides, C.S.; Fahrenbruch, A.L. et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Program the Materials Research Society Symposium, Critical Issues and Research Needs Review: Proceedings of the 15th Conference, 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, California. for CdTe-Based Solar Cells. Benner, J.; 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Materials Research Society Symposium Deb, S.; McConnell, R., eds. Workshop AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: on Basic Research Opportunities in Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Materials Research Society, 1999; Photovoltaics: Proceedings of the Workshop Physics, 1999; pp. 79-81. pp. 769-774. Work performed by Held in Conjunction with the 195th University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon; Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Branz, H.M.; Asher, S.; Gleskova, H.; United Solar Systems Corporation, 3 May 1999, Seattle, Washington. Wagner, S. Light-Induced D Diffusion NREL/BK-590-26952. Golden, CO:
34 Information Resources Catalogue National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Dake, L.S.; King, D.E.; Pitts, J.R.; on Dye-Sensitization of 1999; pp. 43-53. Czanderna, A.W. Chapter 3: Ion Beam Nanocrystalline TiO2. Schmid, J., et al., Bombardment Effects on Solid eds. 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Coutts, T.J.; Mason, T.O.; Perkins, J.D.; Surfaces at Energies Used for Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Ginley, D.S. Transparent Conducting Sputter Depth Profiling. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Oxides: Status and Opportunities Czanderna, A.W.; Madey, T.E.; Powell, C.J., Vienna, Austria. Italy: European in Basic Research. Benner, J.; Deb, S.; eds. Beam Effects, Surface Topography, and Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 238-241. McConnell, R., eds. Workshop on Basic Depth Profiling in Surface Analysis. Research Opportunities in Photovoltaics: New York: Plenum Press, 1998; pp. 97-277. Deb, S.K.; Ellingson, R.; Ferrere, S.; Proceedings of the Workshop Held in Frank, A.J.; Gregg, B.A.; Nozik, A.J.; Conjunction with the 195th Meeting of Dalal, V.L. New Directions in Park, N.; Schlichthorl, G.; Zaban, A. the Electrochemical Society, 3 May 1999, Amorphous and Thin Film Silicon Photochemical Solar Cells Seattle, Washington. NREL/BK-590-26952. Materials and Devices. Al-Jassim, M.; Based on Dye-Sensitization of Golden, CO: National Renewable Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Nanocrystalline TiO2. Al-Jassim, M.; Energy Laboratory, 1999; pp. 77-90. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Coutts, T.J.; Wu, X.; Sheldon, P.; Rose, D.H. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Development of High-Performance AIP Conference Proceedings 462. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Transparent Conducting Oxides Woodbury, NY: American Institute of AIP Conference Proceedings 462. and Their Impact on the Physics, 1999; pp. 82-87. Work Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Performance of CdS/CdTe Solar performed by Iowa State University, Physics, 1999; pp. 473-480. Cells. Schmid, J., et al., eds. Ames, Iowa. 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic DeBlasio, R. PV System Testing and Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Dalal, V.L.; Haroon, S.; Maxson, T. Standards. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Influence of Plasma Chemistry on Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Vienna, Austria. Italy: European the Properties of a-(Si,Ge) Solar Program Review: Proceedings of the Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 720-723. Cells. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Crandall, R.S.; Iwaniczko, E.; Mahan, A.H.; Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Liu, X.; Pohl, R.O. Low Temperature International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, American Institute of Physics, 1999; Vibrational Properties of Vienna, Austria. Italy: European pp. 584-589. Amorphous Silicon. Schropp, R., et al., Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 865-868. eds. Amorphous and Microcrystalline Work performed by Iowa State del Cueto, J.A. Method for Silicon Technology 1998: Proceedings University, Ames, Iowa. Analyzing Series Resistance and of the Materials Research Society Diode Quality Factors from Field Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, Dalal, V.L.; Maxson, T.; Haroon, S. Data of Photovoltaic Modules. San Francisco, California. Materials Influence of Plasma Chemistry on Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. Research Society Symposium the Properties of Amorphous (Si,Ge) 1998; 55: pp. 291-297. Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Alloy Devices. Schropp, R., et al., eds. Materials Research Society, 1999; Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon del Cueto, J.A. Review of the Field pp. 585-594. Technology 1998: Proceedings of the Performance of One Cadmium Materials Research Society Symposium, Telluride Module. Progress in Cruz, L.R.; de Avillez, R.R.; Moutinho, H.R.; 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, California. Photovoltaics: Research and Applications. Hasoon, F.; Dhere, R.G.; Kazmerski, L.L. Materials Research Society Symposium 1998; 6: pp. 433-446. Effects of CdCl2 Treatment on the Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Structural and Optical Properties Materials Research Society, 1999; del Cueto, J.A. Guide to the Field of CdTe Films Deposited by pp. 441-446. Work performed by Iowa Performance of c-Si PV Modules. Stacked Elemental Layer State University, Ames, Iowa. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Processing. Schmid, J., et al., eds. et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Deb, S.K. Recent Developments in Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the High Efficiency Photovoltaic Cells. Conference, 9-11 September 1998, International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Sayigh, A.A.M., ed. Renewable Energy: Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Energy Efficiency, Policy and the Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 1067-1070. Environment. Proceedings of World American Institute of Physics, 1999; Renewable Energy Congress V (WREC-V), pp. 617-622. Cruz, L.R.; Kazmerski, L.L.; Moutinho, H.R.; 20-25 September 1998, Florence, Italy; Hasoon, F.; Dhere, R.G.; de Avillez, R. Part I. New York: Pergamon Press, 1998; del Cueto, J.; von Roedern, B. Influence of Post-Deposition pp. 467-472. Temperature-Induced Changes in Treatment on the Physical the Performance of Amorphous Properties of CdTe Films Deposited Deb, S.K.; Ellingson, R.; Ferrere, S.; Silicon Multi-Junction Modules in by Stacked Elemental Layer Frank, A.J.; Gregg, B.A.; Nozik, A.J.; Controlled Light-Soaking. Progress in Processing. Thin Solid Films. 1999; 350: Park, N.; Schlichthorl, G. Photovoltaics: Research and Applications. pp. 44-48. Photochemical Solar Cells Based 1999; 7: pp. 101-112.
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 35 Delahoy, A.E.; Chorobski, D.; Ziobro, F.; Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 1125-1128. Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: Kiss, Z.J. Baseline Process Work performed by Florida Solar Energy Proceedings of the Materials Research Development for Pilot Line Center, Cocoa, Florida. Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, Production of CIGS Modules. San Francisco, California. Materials Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Dhere, R.G.; Moutinho, H.R.; Asher, S.; Research Society Symposium et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Young, D.; Li, X.; Ribelin, R.; Gessert, T. Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Characterization of SnO2 Films Materials Research Society, 1999; Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Prepared Using Tin Tetrachloride pp. 987-991. Work performed by Iowa Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference and Tetra Methyl Tin Precursors. State University, Ames, Iowa. Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., American Institute of Physics, 1999; et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Eser, E.; Hegedus, S.S.; Buchanan, W.A. pp. 144-151. Work performed by Energy Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Preparation and Characterization Photovoltaics, Inc., Conference, 9-11 September 1998, of Micro-Crystalline Hydrogenated Princeton, New Jersey. Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Silicon Carbide p-Layers. Al-Jassim, M.; Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. DelleDonne, E.J.; Ford, D.H.; Hall, R.B.; American Institute of Physics, 1999; NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Ingram, A.E.; Rand, J.A.; Barnett, A.M. pp. 242-247. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, 9-11 Monolithically Interconnected September 1998, Denver, Colorado. AIP Silicon- Film™ Module Technology. Dinwoodie, T.; Kleiner, T.; O’Brien, C.; Conference Proceedings 462. Woodbury, Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Quiroz, M. PowerGuard® NY: American Institute of Physics, 1999; et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Manufacturing Innovation and pp. 254-259. Work performed by Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Expansion. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; University of Delaware, Newark, Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Delaware. Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Program Review: Proceedings of the Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Estreicher, S.K. Why Do Copper American Institute of Physics, 1999; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Precipitates Reduce Carrier pp. 320-324. Work performed by Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Lifetimes? Ninth Workshop on AstroPower, Inc., Newark, Delaware. American Institute of Physics, 1999; Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and pp. 716-719. Work performed by Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers Deng, X. Study of Triple-Junction PowerLight Corporation, from the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Amorphous Silicon Alloy Solar Cells. Berkeley, California. Breckenridge, Colorado. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Eisgruber, I.L.; Wangensteen, T.L.; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Marshall, C.; Carpenter, B. August 1999; pp. 124-127. Work Conference, 9-11 September 1998, X-Ray Fluorescence as an In-Situ performed by Texas Tech University, Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Composition Monitor During Lubbock, Texas. Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: CuInxGa1-xSe2 Deposition. American Institute of Physics, 1999; Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Field, H. UV-VIS-IR Spectral pp. 297-302. Work performed by et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Responsivity Measurement System University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio. Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th for Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Deng, X.; Miller, G.; Wang, R.; Xu, L.; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Compaan, A.D. Study of Sputter Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Proceedings of the 15th Conference, 9-11 Deposition of ITO Films for a-Si:H American Institute of Physics, 1999; September 1998, Denver, Colorado. AIP n-i-p Solar Cells. Schmid, J., et al., eds. pp. 138-143. Work performed by Conference Proceedings 462. Woodbury, 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Materials Research Group, Inc, NY: American Institute of Physics, 1999; Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Wheat Ridge, Colorado, and Lockheed pp. 629-635. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Martin Astronautics, Denver, Colorado. Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Flink, C.; Feick, H.; McHugo, S.A.; Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 700-703. Emery, K.; Dunlavy, D.; Field, H.; Seifert, W.; Hieslmair, H.; Istratov, A.A.; Work performed by University of Toledo, Moriarty, T. Photovoltaic Spectral Weber, E.R. About the Reaction Path Toledo, Ohio. Responsivity Measurements. of Copper in Silicon. Ninth Workshop Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials Dhere, N.G.; Lynn, K.W. Band Gap Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy and Processes: Extended Abstracts and Optimization by Gallium and Conversion: Proceedings of the Papers from the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Sulfur Incorporation in CuIn1-x International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Breckenridge, Colorado. NREL/BK-520-26941. GaxSe2-ySy Thin Films Prepared by Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Golden, CO: National Renewable Selenization-Sulfurization Process. Commission, 1998; Vol. II: pp. 2298. Energy Laboratory, August 1999; Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World pp. 144-147. Work performed by Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Erickson, K.; Dalal, V.L.; Chumanov, G. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Conversion: Proceedings of the Growth and Properties of Micro- Berkeley, California. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Crystalline (Si,Ge):H Films. Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Schropp, R., et al., eds. Amorphous and
36 Information Resources Catalogue Ford, D.H.; Rand, J.A.; Barnett, A.M.; Solar Cells. Schropp, R., et al., eds. Green, M.A.; Emery, K.; Bucher, K.; Delledonne, E.J.; Hall, R.B.; Ingram, A.E. Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon King, D.L.; Igari, S. Solar Cell Development of Monolithic Technology 1998: Proceedings of the Efficiency Tables (Version 13). Interconnected, Silicon-Film™ Materials Research Society Symposium, Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Modules. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, California. Applications. January 1999; 7: pp. 31-37. World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Materials Research Society Symposium Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Guha, S.; Yang, J.; Banerjee, A.; International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Materials Research Society, 1999; Hoffman, K.; Call, J. Manufacturing Vienna, Austria. Italy: European pp. 187-192. Issues for Large Volume Production Commission, 1998; Vol. II: pp. 1205-1208. of Amorphous Silicon Alloy Work performed by AstroPower, Inc., Gharaibeh, M.; Hastings, J.L.; Photovoltaic Modules. Al-Jassim, M.; Newark, Delaware. Estreicher, S.K. Trapping of Hydrogen Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. at Native Defects. Ninth Workshop NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Friedman, D.J.; Geisz, J.F.; Kurtz, S.R.; on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Olson, J.M. 1-eV Solar Cells with and Processes: Extended Abstracts and 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. GaInNAs Active Layer. Journal of Papers from the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Crystal Growth. 1998; 195: pp. 409-415. Breckenridge, Colorado. NREL/BK-520-26941. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Golden, CO: National Renewable Physics, 1999; pp. 88-93. Work Friedman, D.J.; Geisz, J.F.; Kurtz, S.R.; Energy Laboratory, August 1999; performed by United Solar Systems Olson, J.M. 1-eV GaInNAs Solar pp. 128-131. Work performed by Texas Corporation, Troy, Michigan. Cells for Ultrahigh-Efficiency Tech University, Lubbock, Texas. Multijunction Devices. Schmid, J., et al., Guha, S.; Yang, J.; Banerjee, A.; eds. 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Ginley, D.S.; Curtis, C.J.; Ribelin, R.; Sugiyama, S. Material Issues Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Alleman, J.L.; Mason, A.; Jones, K.M.; in the Commercialization of International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Matson, R.J.; Khaselev, O.; Schulz, D.L. Amorphous Silicon Alloy Thin-Film Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Nanoparticle Precursors for Photovoltaic Technology. Schropp, R., Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 3-7. For Electronic Materials. Canham, L.T., et al., eds. Amorphous and preprint version, including full-text et al., eds. Microcrystalline and Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: online document, see NREL/CP-23874. Nanocrystalline Semiconductors—1998: Proceedings of the Materials Research Proceedings of the Materials Research Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, Friedman, D.J.; Geisz, J.F.; Kurtz, S.R.; Society Symposium, 30 November— San Francisco, California. Materials Olson, J.M.; Reedy, R. Nonlinear 3 December 1998, Boston, Massachusetts. Research Society Symposium Dependence of N Incorporation on Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: In Content in GaInNAs. Journal of Proceedings, Vol. 536. Warrendale, PA: Materials Research Society, 1999; Crystal Growth. 1998; 195: pp. 438-443. Materials Research Society, 1999; pp. 99-105. Work performed by United pp. 237-244. Solar Systems Corporation, Friedman, D.J.; Kurtz, S.R.; Kibbler, A.E. Troy, Michigan. Exploration of GaInTlP and Granata, J.E.; Sites, J.R. Impact of Related Tl-Containing III-V Alloys Sodium in the Bulk and in Grain Guha, S.; Yang, J.; Williamson, D.L.; for Photovoltaics. Al-Jassim, M.; Boundaries of CuInSe2. Schmid, J., Lubianiker, Y.; Cohen, J.D.; Mahan, A.H. Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. et al., eds. 2nd World Conference on Structural, Defect, and Device NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion: Behavior of Hydrogenated Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Proceedings of the International Amorphous Si Near and Above 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Vienna, the Onset of Microcrystallinity. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Austria. Italy: European Commission, Applied Physics Letters. 29 March 1999; Woodbury, NY: American Institute of 1998; Vol. I: pp. 604-607. Work 74(13): pp. 1860-1862. Physics, 1999; pp. 401-405. performed by Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Han, D.; Gotoh, T.; Nishio, M.; Geisz, J.F.; Friedman, D.J.; Olson, J.M.; Sakamoto, T.; Nonomura, S.; Nitta, S.; Kramer, C.; Kibbler, A.; Kurtz, S.R. New Grecu, D.; Compaan, A.D. Wang, Q.; Iwaniczko, E.; Mahan, H. Materials for Future Generations Photoluminescence Study of Cu Photo-Induced Structure of III-V Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; Diffusion in CdTe. Al-Jassim, M.; Metastability and the Staebler and Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Wronski Effect in a-Si:H. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Proceedings of the 15th Conference, et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th AIP Conference Proceedings 462. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Physics, 1999; pp. 372-377. Physics, 1999; pp. 224-229. Work Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: performed by University of Toledo, American Institute of Physics, 1999; Geng, X.; Wu, L.; Price, K.; Deng, X.; Toledo, Ohio. pp. 260-265. Wang, Q.; Han, D. Internal Electric Field Profile of a-Si:H and a-SiGe:H
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 37 Hanoka, J.I. New Encapsulant AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Jester, T.L. Photovoltaic Cz Silicon Material for Photovoltaic Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Module Improvements. Al-Jassim, M.; Modules. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd Physics, 1999; pp. 170-175. Work Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar performed by Colorado State University, NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Fort Collins, Colorado. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Holt, J.K.; Bistritschan, T.; Swiatek, M.; AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Commission, 1998; Vol. II: pp. 1974-1977. Goodwin, D.G.; Atwater, H.A. Hot-Wire Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Work performed by Evergreen Solar, Inc., Chemical Vapor Deposition of Physics, 1999; pp. 741-746. Work Waltham, Massachusetts. Poly-Si in Diluted Silane. performed by Siemens Solar Industries, Ninth Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Camarillo, California. Hanoka, J.I. Innovations in String Cell Materials and Processes: Extended Ribbon Module Manufacturing. Abstracts and Papers from the Workshop, Jiang, L.; Schiff, E.A.; Wang, Q.; Guha, S.; Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., 9-11 August 1999, Breckenridge, Colorado. Yang, J. Grazing Incidence et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: Measurements of Polarized Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Electroabsorption and Light Conference, 9-11 September 1998, August 1999; pp. 160-166. Work Soaking Effect on Amorphous Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference performed by California Institute of Silicon Based Solar Cells. Schropp, R., Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Technology, Pasadena, California. et al., eds. Amorphous and American Institute of Physics, 1999; Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: pp. 693-699. Work performed by Isatrov, A.A.; Hieslmair, H.; Weber, E.R. Proceedings of the Materials Research Evergreen Solar, Waltham, Massachusetts. Physics of Iron in Silicon: How Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, Much Do We Know After 35 Years San Francisco, California. Materials Hanoka, J.I.; Kane, P.E.; Martz, J.; Fava, J. of Research? Ninth Workshop on Research Society Symposium Innovative Frameless Module Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Design. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers Materials Research Society, 1999; World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar from the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, pp. 631-636. Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Breckenridge, Colorado. NREL/BK-520-26941. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Golden, CO: National Renewable Jiao, L.; Koval, R.; Niu, X.; Lee, Y.; Koh, J.; Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Energy Laboratory, August 1999; Collins, R.; Wronski, C.R. Commission, 1998; Vol. II: pp. 2222-2224. pp. 16-29. Work performed by Characteristics of Solar Cells and Work performed by Evergreen Solar, University of California, Materials Fabricated from Both Waltham, Massachusetts. Berkeley, California. Deuterated and Hydrogenated Silane. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd Hayter, S.J. Photovoltaics for Janoch, R.E.; Wallace, R.L., Jr.; World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Buildings: Key Issues in Pursuit of Anselmo, A.P.; Hanoka, J.I. Advances Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Market Readiness. Al-Jassim, M.; in String Ribbon Crystal Growth. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., eds. NCPV Ninth Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Photovoltaics Program Review: Proceedings Cell Materials and Processes: Extended Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 359-362. of the 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Abstracts and Papers from the Workshop, Work performed by Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference 9-11 August 1999, Breckenridge, Colorado. Pennsylvania State University, Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: University Park, Pennsylvania. American Institute of Physics, 1999; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, pp. 769-775. August 1999; pp. 132-133. Work Johnston, S.W.; Ahrenkiel, R.K. performed by Evergreen Solar, Measurement of the Temperature- Herig, C. Update on the Million Waltham, Massachusetts. Dependent Recombination Solar Roofs Initiative. Al-Jassim, M.; Lifetimes in Photovoltaic Materials. Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Jayapayalan, A.; Sankaranarayanan, H.; Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Shankaradas, M.; Panse, P.; et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Narayanaswamy, R.; Ferekides, C.S.; Review: Proceedings of the 15th 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Morel, D.L. Interface Mechanisms in Conference, 9-11 September 1998, AIP Conference Proceedings 462. CIGS Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Physics, 1999; pp. 761-768. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: American Institute of Physics, 1999; Proceedings of the 15th Conference, 9-11 pp. 505-510. Hiltner, J.F.; Sites, J.R. Stability of September 1998, Denver, Colorado. AIP CdTe Solar Cells at Elevated Conference Proceedings 462. Woodbury, Jones, E.D.; Allerman, A.A.; Friedman, D.J.; Temperatures: Bias, Temperature, NY: American Institute of Physics, 1999; Geisz, J.F.; Klem, J.F.; Kurtz, S.R.; and Cu Dependence. Al-Jassim, M.; pp. 152-157. Work performed by Modine, N.R.; Shan, W.; Tu, C.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. University of South Florida, Walukiewicz, W. Next Generation NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Tampa, Florida. Thin Films for Photovoltaics: Proceedings of the 15th Conference, InGaAsN. Benner, J.; Deb, S.; 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. McConnell, R., eds. Workshop on Basic
38 Information Resources Catalogue Research Opportunities in Photovoltaics: pp. 202-205. Work performed by Materials Research. October 1998; 13(10): Proceedings of the Workshop Held in Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. pp. 2684-2708. Conjunction with the 195th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, 3 May 1999, Jung, D.R.; Czanderna, A.W. Kern, G.A. Cost Reduction and Seattle, Washington. NREL/BK-590-26952. Interactions and Reactions at Manufacture of the SunSine™ Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Metal/Self-Assembled Organic 325 AC Module. Al-Jassim, M.; Laboratory, 1999; pp. 55-70. Monolayer Interfaces. Van Ooij, W.J.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Anderson, H.R. Jr., eds. Mittal Festschrift NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Jones, K.M.; Al-Jassim, M.M.; Hasoon, F.S.; on Adhesion Science and Technology. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Venkatasubramanian, R. Morphology Utrecht, Netherlands: VSP International 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. and Microstructure of Thin-Film Science Publishers, 1998; pp. 717-746. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. GaAs on Mo Substrates. Al-Jassim, M.; Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Kaminar, N.; Alexander, T.; Amaya, J.; Physics, 1999; pp. 720-724. Work NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Bottenberg, W.; Carrie, P.; Chen, K.; performed by Ascension Technology, Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Gilbert, D.; Guzman, P.; Hobden, P.; Inc., Boulder, Colorado. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Ross, J.; Sahagian, J.; Rodrigues, D.; AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Zimmerman, J. Manufacturing Keyes, B.M.; Geisz, J.F.; Dippo, P.C.; Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Technology Development of the Reedy, R.; Kramer, C.; Friedman, D.J.; Physics, 1999; pp. 531-536. Powergrid™ Linear Focus Kurtz, S.R.; Olson, J.M. Optical Photovoltaic Concentrator System. Investigation of GaNAs. Al-Jassim, M.; Jones, S.J.; Deng, X.; Liu, T.; Izu, M. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Preparation of a-Si:H and a-SiGe:H et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: i-Layers for n-i-p Solar Cells at Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Proceedings of the 15th Conference, High Deposition Rates Using a Conference, 9-11 September 1998, 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Very High Frequency Technique. Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Schropp, R., et al., eds. Amorphous and Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: American Institute of Physics, 1999; Physics, 1999; pp. 511-516. Proceedings of the Materials Research pp. 680-685. Work performed by Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, Photovoltaics International, L.L.C., Khattak, C.P.; Joyce, D.B.; Schmid, F. San Francisco, California. Materials Sunnyvale, California. Production of Solar Grade (SoG) Research Society Symposium Silicon by Refining Molten Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Kao, Y.H.; Kazmerski, L.; Lynn, K.G.; Metallurgical Grade (MG) Silicon. Materials Research Society, 1999; Mascarenhas, A. Photovoltaics Ninth Workshop on Crystalline Silicon pp. 113-118. Work performed by Characterization: An Overview. Solar Cell Materials and Processes: Energy Conversion Devices, Inc., Benner, J.; Deb, S.; McConnell, R., eds. Extended Abstracts and Papers from Troy, Michigan. Workshop on Basic Research Opportunities the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, in Photovoltaics: Proceedings of the Breckenridge, Colorado. Jones, S.J.; Liu, T.; Izu, M. Preparation Workshop Held in Conjunction with the NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: of a-Si:H and a-SiGe:H n-i-p Cells 195th Meeting of the Electrochemical National Renewable Energy Laboratory, at High Rates Using a 70 MHz VHF Society, 3 May 1999, Seattle, Washington. August 1999; pp. 2-11. Work performed by PECVD Technique. Al-Jassim, M.; NREL/BK-590-26952. Golden, CO: Crystal Systems, Inc., Salem, Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Massachusetts. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: 1999; pp. 91-102. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Khattak, C.P.; Schmid, F.; Joyce, D.B.; 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Kardauskas, M.; Kalejs, J.; Cao, J.; Smelik, E.A.; WIlkinson, M.A. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Ebers, S.; Gonsiorawski, R.; Piwczyk, B.; Production of Solar-Grade Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Rosenblum, M.; Southimath, S. New Silicon by Refining of Liquid Physics, 1999; pp. 303-308. Work Technology and Cost Reductions in Mettalurgical-Grade Silicon. performed by Energy Conversion the Phase 4A2 and 5A2 PVMaT Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Devices, Inc., Troy, Michigan. Programs of ASE Americas. et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Joshi, S.M.; Gosele, U.M.; Tan, T.Y. et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Enhancement of Diffusion Length Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference in Multicrystalline Silicon by Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Extended High Temperature Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference American Institute of Physics, 1999; Aluminum Gettering. Ninth Workshop Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: pp. 731-736. Work performed by Crystal on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials American Institute of Physics, 1999; Systems, Inc., Salem, Massachusetts, and Processes: Extended Abstracts and pp. 686-692. Work performed by ASE and Molten Metal Technology, Inc., Papers from the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Americas, Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts. Fall River, Massachusetts. Breckenridge, Colorado. NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: National Renewable Kazmerski, L.L. Photovoltaics Energy Laboratory, August 1999; Characterization: A Survey of Diagnostic Measurements. Journal of
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 39 King, R.R.; Ermer, J.H.; Joslin, D.E.; Hasegawa, H., et al., eds. Compound Li, X.; Niles, D.W.; Hasoon, F.S.; Haddad, M.; Eldredge, J.W.; Karam, N.H.; Semiconductor Surface Passivation and Matson, R.J.; Sheldon, P. Effect of Keyes, B.; Ahrenkiel, R.K. Novel Device Processing: Proceedings of the Nitric-Phosphoric Acid Etches on Double Heterostructures for Materials Research Society Symposium, Material Properties and Back- Characterization of Bulk Lifetime 5-7 April 1999, San Francisco, California. Contact Formation of CdTe-Based and Interface Recombination Materials Research Society Symposium Solar Cells. Journal of Vacuum Science Velocity in III-V Multijunction Proceedings Vol. 573. Warrendale, PA: and Technology. A, Vacuum, Surfaces and Solar Cells. Schmid, J., et al., eds. Materials Research Society, 1999; Films. May/June 1999; 17(3): pp. 805-809. 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic pp. 95-106. Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Li, X.; Ribelin, R.; Mahathongdy, Y.; International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Lee, Y.; Ferlauto, A.S.; Lu, Z.; Koh, J.; Albin, D.; Dhere, R.; Rose, D.; Asher, S.; Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Fujiwara, H.; Collins, R.W.; Wronski, Moutinho, H.; Sheldon, P. Effect of Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 86-90. C.R. Enhancement of Stable Open High-Resistance SnO2 on CdS/CdTe Circuit Voltages in a-Si:H p-i-n Solar Device Performance. Al-Jassim, M.; Koh, J.; Fujiwara, H.; Koval, R.J.; Cells by High Hydrogen Dilution of Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Wronski, C.R.; Collins, R.W. the P/I Interface Regions. Schmid, J., NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Nucleation of p-Type et al., eds. 2nd World Conference on Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Microcrystalline Silicon on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion: 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Amorphous Silicon for n-i-p Solar Proceedings of the International AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Cells Using B(CH3)3 and BF3 Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Vienna, Austria. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Dopant Source Gases. Italy: European Commission, 1998; Physics, 1999; pp. 230-235. Schropp, R., et al., eds. Amorphous and Vol. I: pp. 940-943. Work performed by Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: Pennsylvania State University, Liu, X.; Iwaniczko, E.; Phol, R.O.; Proceedings of the Materials Research University Park, Pennsylvania. Crandall, R.S. Molecular Hydrogen Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, in Hot-Wire Hydrogenated San Francisco, California. Materials Leidholm, C.R.; Norsworthy, G.A.; Roe, R.; Amorphous Silicon. Schropp, R., et al., Research Society Symposium Halani, A.; Basol, B.M.; Kapur, V.K. eds. Amorphous and Microcrystalline Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Advances in CIS Devices Fabricated Silicon Technology 1998: Proceedings of Materials Research Society, 1999; by a Non-Vacuum Technique. the Materials Research Society Symposium, pp. 873-878. Work performed by Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, California. Pennsylvania State University, et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Materials Research Society Symposium University Park, Pennsylvania. Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Materials Research Society, 1999; Kroposki, B.; Hansen, R. Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference pp. 595-600. Improvements in the Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Performance of a 1-kW Copper American Institute of Physics, 1999; Lubianiker, Y.; Cohen, J.D.; Jin, H.C.; Indium Diselenide Array. pp. 103-108. Work performed by Abelson, J.R. Degradation Kinetics Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., International Solar Electric Technology, of Hydrogenated Amorphous et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Inc. (ISET), Inglewood, California. Silicon: The Effect of Embedded Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Microcrystallines. Schropp, R., et al., Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Levi, D.H.; Woods, L.M.; Albin, D.S.; eds. Amorphous and Microcrystalline Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Gessert, T.A. Back Contact Effects on Silicon Technology 1998: Proceedings of Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: the Electro-Optical Properties of the Materials Research Society Symposium, American Institute of Physics, 1999; CdTe/CdS Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, California. pp. 611-616. Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Materials Research Society Symposium NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Kurtz, S.R.; Friedman, D.J. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Materials Research Society, 1999; Concentrator and Space 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. pp. 729-734. Work performed by Applications of High-Efficiency AIP Conference Proceedings 462. University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, Solar Cells—Recent Developments. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of and University of Illinois, Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Physics, 1999; pp. 461-466. Urbana, Illinois. et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Levi, D.H.; Woods, L.M.; Albin, D.S.; Mahan, A.H.; Reedy, R.C., Jr.; Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Gessert, T.A.; Reedy, R.C.; Ahrenkiel, R.K. Iwaniczko, E.; Wang, Q.; Nelson, B.P.; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Influence Grain Boundary Xu, Y.; Gallagher, A.C.; Branz, H.M.; Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Diffusion on the Electro-Optical Crandall, R.S.; Yang, J.; Guha, S. American Institute of Physics, 1999; Properties of CdTe/CdS Solar Cells. H Out-Diffusion and Device pp. 378-384. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World Performance in n-i-p Solar Cells Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Utilizing High Temperature Hot Kurtz, S.R.; Olson, J.M.; Friedman, D.J.; Conversion: Proceedings of the Wire a-Si:H i-Layers. Schropp, R., et al., Geisz, J.F.; Bertness, K.A.; Kibbler, A.E. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, eds. Amorphous and Microcrystalline Passivation of Interfaces in High- Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Silicon Technology 1998: Proceedings of Efficiency Photovoltaic Devices. Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 1047-1050. the Materials Research Society Symposium,
40 Information Resources Catalogue 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, California. Treated CSS CdS Films. Al-Jassim, M.; Physics, 1999; pp. 182-187. Work Materials Research Society Symposium Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. performed by University of Delaware, Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Newark, Delaware. Materials Research Society, 1999; Proceedings of the 15th Conference, pp. 119-124. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. McConnell, R.D. Results from AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Undergraduate PV Projects at Mahan, A.H.; Reedy, R.C., Jr.; Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Seven Historically Black Colleges Iwaniczko, E.; Wang, Q.; Nelson, B.P.; Physics, 1999; pp. 176-181. Work and Universities. Al-Jassim, M.; Xu, Y.; Gallagher, A.C.; Branz, H.M.; performed by University of South Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Crandall, R.S.; Yang, J.; Guha, S. Florida, Tampa, Florida. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: H Out-Diffusion and Device Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Performance in n-i-p Solar Cells Matson, R.J.; Granata, J.E.; Asher, S.E. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Using High Temperature Hot Wire Effect of Quantitative AIP Conference Proceedings 462. a-Si:H i-Layers. Al-Jassim, M.; Incorporation of Na on Device Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Properties, Junction Formation, Physics, 1999; pp. 325-331. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: and Microstructure in CuInSe2 Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Photovoltaic Devices. Sayigh, A.A.M., McConnell, R.D.; Surek, T.; Witt, C.E. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. ed. Renewable Energy: Energy Efficiency, Progress in PV Manufacturing AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Policy and the Environment. Proceedings Technologies. Sayigh, A.A.M., ed. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of of World Renewable Energy Congress V Renewable Energy: Energy Efficiency, Policy Physics, 1999; pp. 285-290. (WREC-V), 20-25 September 1998, and the Environment. Proceedings of Florence, Italy; Part III. New York: World Renewable Energy Congress V Mahan, A.H.; Vanecek, M.; Pergamon Press, 1998; pp. 1792-1795. (WREC-V), 20-25 September 1998, Poruba, A.; Vorlicek, V.; Crandall, R.S.; Florence, Italy; Part I. New York: Williamson, D.L. Low Defect Density Matson, R.J.; Granata, J.E.; Asher, S.E.; Pergamon Press, 1998; pp. 502-505. Microcrystalline-Si Deposited by Young, M.R. Effects of Substrates the Hot Wire Technique. Schropp, R., and Na Concentration on Device McHugo, S.A.; Thompson, A.C.; et al., eds. Amorphous and Properties, Junction Formation, Lamble, G. Chemical State and Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: and Film Microstructure in Stability of Metal Precipitates in Proceedings of the Materials Research CuInSe2 PV Devices. Al-Jassim, M.; Silicon Materials. Ninth Workshop Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials San Francisco, California. Materials NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: and Processes: Extended Abstracts and Research Society Symposium Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Papers from the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Breckenridge, Colorado. Materials Research Society, 1999; AIP Conference Proceedings 462. NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: pp. 825-830. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Physics, 1999; pp. 542-549. August 1999; pp. 116-119. Work Mahathongdy, Y.; Albin, D.S.; performed by Lawrence Berkeley Wolden, C.A.; Baldwin, R.M. Vapor Mauk, M.G.; Feyock, B.W.; Ford, D.H.; National Laboratory, CdCl2—Optimization and Hall, R.B. Silicon-Film™ Substrates Berkeley, California. Screening Experiments for an All Adapted for Low-Cost GaAs-Based Dry Chloride Treatment of Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; McMahon, T.J.; Jorgensen, G.J. CdS/CdTe Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Progress Toward a CdTe Cell Life Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Program Review: Proceedings of the Prediction. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Proceedings of the 15th Conference, 9-11 Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Program Review: Proceedings of the September 1998, Denver, Colorado. AIP Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Conference Proceedings 462. Woodbury, American Institute of Physics, 1999; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference NY: American Institute of Physics, 1999; pp. 406-411. Work performed by Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: pp. 236-241. AstroPower, Inc., Newark, Delaware. American Institute of Physics, 1999; pp. 54-61. Main, C.; Zollondz, J.H.; Reynolds, S.; McCandless, B.E.; Birkmire, R.W. Gao, W.; Bruggemann, R.; Rose, M.J. Influence of Processing Conditions McMahon, W.E.; Olson, J.M. Atomic- Investigation of Collection on Performance and Stability in Resolution Study of Steps and Efficiencies Much Larger than Polycrystalline Thin-Film CdTe- Ridges on Arsine-Exposed Vicinal Unity in a-Si:H p-i-n Structures. Based Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; Ge(100). Physical Review. B, Condensed Journal of Applied Physics. 1 January 1999; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Matter. 15 July 1999; 60(4): pp. 2480-2487. 85(1): pp. 296-301. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Marinskiy, D.; Marinskaya, S.; 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Viswanathan, V.; Morel, D.L.; AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Ferekides, C.S. Studies of Heat Woodbury, NY: American Institute of
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 41 McMahon, W.E.; Olson, J.M. Mitchell, K.W. Status of Polysilicon Sputtered CdTe Thin Films. Surface Science in an MOCVD Feedstock. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology. Environment: Arsenic on Vicinal Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics A, Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. Ge(100). Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Program Review: Proceedings of the July/August 1999; 17(4): pp. 1793-1798. Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Program Review: Proceedings of the Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Moutinho, H.R.; Dhere, R.G.; 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Al-Jassim, M.M.; Mayo, B.; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference American Institute of Physics, 1999; Levi, D.H.; Kazmerski, L.L. Induced Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: pp. 362-371. Work performed by Recrystallization of CdTe Thin American Institute of Physics, 1999; Crysteco, Wilmington, Ohio. Films Deposited by Close-Spaced pp. 395-400. Sublimation. Al-Jassim, M.; Mitchell, R.L.; Symko-Davies, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. McNutt, P. Comparison of Time Thomas, H.P.; Witt, C.E. PVMaT 1998 NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Required to Charge a Battery in a Overview. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Stand-Alone Photovoltaic System Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Using Different Charge-Controller Program Review: Proceedings of the AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Types. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Physics, 1999; pp. 517-523. Program Review: Proceedings of the Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, American Institute of Physics, 1999; Myers, D.R. Module Energy Rating Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference pp. 711-715. Candidate Reference Days: Criteria Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: and Selection Process. Al-Jassim, M.; American Institute of Physics, 1999; Moore, H.J.; Olson, D.L.; Noufi, R. Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. pp. 605-610. Use of the Effective Heat of NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Formation Model to Determine Proceedings of the 15th Conference, McNutt, P.; Kroposki, B.; Hansen, R.; Phase Formation Sequences of 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Algra, K.; DeBlasio, R. In-Se, Ga-Se, Cu-Se, and Ga-In AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Development of Interim Test Multilayer Thin Films. Journal of Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Methods and Procedures for Electronic Materials. 1998; 27(12): Physics, 1999; pp. 649-654. Determining the Performance of pp. 1334-1340. Small Photovoltaic Systems. Narayanswamy, C.; Gessert, T.A.; Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World Morgan, D.; Tang, J.; Kaydanov, V.; Asher, S.E. Analysis of Cu Diffusion Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Ohno, T.R.; Trefny, J.U. Degradation in ZnTe-Based Contacts for Thin- Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Mechanisms Studies in CdS/CdTe Film CdS/CdTe Solar Cells. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Solar Cells with ZnTe:Cu/Au Back Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Contact. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Commission, 1998; Vol. III: pp. 2937-2940. Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Program Review: Proceedings of the Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Meier, A.; Glick, S.H.; Pern, F.J. 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Impedance Spectroscopy as a Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Non-Invasive Analytical Method Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Physics, 1999; for Monitoring Solar Cell American Institute of Physics, 1999; pp. 248-253. Degradation. Al-Jassim, M.; pp. 200-205. Work performed by Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Colorado School of Mines, Nelson, B.P.; Wang, Q.; Iwaniczko, E.; NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Golden, Colorado. Mahan, A.H.; Crandall, R.S. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Influence of Electrons from the 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Moriarty, T.; Emery, K. Filament on the Material Properties AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Thermophotovoltaic Cell of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Temperature Measurement Issues. Grown by the Hot-Wire Chemical Physics, 1999; pp. 661-666. Coutts, T.J.; Benner, J.P.; Allman, C.S., eds. Vapor Deposition Technique. Thermophotovoltaic Generation of Schropp, R., et al., eds. Amorphous and Menna, P.; Tsuo, Y.S.; Al-Jassim, M.M.; Electricity: Fourth NREL Conference, Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: Asher, S.E.; Matson, R.; Ciszek, T.F. 11-14 October 1998, Denver, Colorado. Proceedings of the Materials Research Purification of Metallurgical-Grade AIP Conference Proceedings 460. Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, Silicon by Porous-Silicon Etching. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of San Francisco, California. Materials Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World Physics, 1999; pp. 301-311. Research Society Symposium Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Moutinho, H.R.; Dhere, R.G.; Materials Research Society, 1999; International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Al-Jassim, M.M.; Levi, D.H.; Kazmerski, L.L. pp. 927-932. Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Investigation of Induced Commission, 1998; Vol. II: pp. 1232-1235. Recrystallization and Stress in Close-Spaced Sublimated and Radio-Frequency Magnetron
42 Information Resources Catalogue Nelson, B.P.; Xu, Y.; Williamson, D.L.; Norman, A.G.; Olson, J.M.; Geisz, J.F.; Palmers, G.; Stone, J.; Hamakawa, Y. von Roedern, B.; Mason, A.; Heck, S.; Moutinho, H.R.; Mason, A.; 25 Years Perspective on the Mahan, A.H.; Schmitt, S.E.; Al-Jassim, M.M.; Vernon, S.M. Influence and Impact of Publicly Gallagher, A.C.; Webb, J.; Reedy, R. Ge-Related Faceting and Funded PV Programs in Europe, Hydrogenated Amorphous Segregation during the Growth of the United States, and Japan. Silicon Germanium Alloys Grown Metastable (GaAs)1-x(Ge2)x Alloy Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World by the Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Layers by Metal-Organic Vapor- Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Deposition Technique. Schropp, R., Phase Epitaxy. Applied Physics Letters. Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the et al., eds. Amorphous and 8 March 1999; 74(10): pp. 1382-1384. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Proceedings of the Materials Research Nowlan, M.J.; Kurth, W.; Harmon, T.D.; Commission, 1998; Vol. III: pp. 3377-3380. Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, McCormick, T.W.; Murach, J.M.; San Francisco, California. Materials Breen, W.F.; Hogan, S.J.; Diver, M.R.; Perez, R.; Wenger, H.; Herig, C. Research Society Symposium Symko, M.I.; Rummel, S.R. Geographical Distribution of the Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Photovoltaic Industry Survey on Value of Demand-Side Commercial Materials Research Society, 1999; Post-Lamination Module PV Systems in the United States. pp. 447-452. Manufacturing. Al-Jassim, M.; Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Nemchuk, N.I.; Couillard, J.G.; Fehlner, NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Conversion: Proceedings of the F.P.; Pinckney, L.R. Novel Glass- Proceedings of the 15th Conference, International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Ceramic Substrates for Thin Film 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Commission, 1998; Vol. III: pp. 2525-2529. Ninth Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Cell Materials and Processes: Extended Physics, 1999; pp. 725-730. Pern, F.J.; Glick, S.H. Accelerated Abstracts and Papers from the Workshop, Exposure Tests of Encapsulated Si 9-11 August 1999, Breckenridge, Colorado. Olsen, L.C.; Addis, F.W.; Vaidynathan, K. Solar Cells and Encapsulation NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: Alternative Buffer Layers for Materials. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, CuIn(Ga)Se2 Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics August 1999; pp. 90-93. Work Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Program Review: Proceedings of the performed by Cornell University, NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Ithaca, New York. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Niles, D.W.; Al-Jassim, M.; AIP Conference Proceedings 462. American Institute of Physics, 1999; Ramanathan, K. Direct Observation Woodbury, NY: American Institute of pp. 559-564. of Na and O Impurities at Grain Physics, 1999; pp. 164-169. Work per- Surfaces of CuInSe2 Thin Films. formed by Washington State University Pern, F.J.; Glick, S.H.; Czanderna, A.W. Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology. at Tri-Cities, Richland, Washington. Review of the Photothermal A, Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. Stability of EVA Pottants: January/February 1999; 17(1): Olson, J.M.; McMahon, W.E. Effects of Formulation on the pp. 291-296. Structure of Ge(100) Surfaces for Discoloration Rate and Mitigation High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Methods. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Niles, D.W.; Waters, D.; Rose, D. Applications. Schmid, J., et al., eds. Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Chemical Reactivity of CdCl2 Wet- 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Program Review: Proceedings of the Deposited on CdTe Films Studied Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, by X-Ray Photoelectron International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Spectroscopy. Applied Surface Science. Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: 1998; 136: pp. 221-229. Commission, 1998; Vol. III: pp. 3540-3545. American Institute of Physics, 1999; pp. 599-604. Nishikawa, W.; Joslin, D.; Krut, D.; Osterwald, C.R.; Basso, T.S.; del Cueto, J.A.; Eldrege, J.; Narayanan, A.; Takahashi, M.; McMahon, T.J.; Pruett, J.; Trudell, D. Petkov, M.P.; Weber, M.H.; Lynn, K.G.; Haddad, M.; Al-Jassim, M.M.; Accelerated and Environmental Crandall, R.S.; Ghosh, V.J. Direct Karam, N.H. Fabrication and Module Stress Testing at NREL. Evidence of Phosphorus-Defect Electrical Characterization of Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Complexes in n-Type Amorphous 0.55 eV N-on-P InGaAs TPV Devices. et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Silicon and Hydrogenated Coutts, T.J.; Benner, J.P.; Allman, C.S., Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Amorphous Silicon. Physical Review eds. Thermophotovoltaic Generation of Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Letters. 10 May 1999; 82(19): Electricity: Fourth NREL Conference, Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference pp. 3819-3822. 11-14 October 1998, Denver, Colorado. Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: AIP Conference Proceedings 460. American Institute of Physics, 1999; Woodbury, NY: American Institute of pp. 573-577. Physics, 1999; pp. 427-437.
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 43 Phillips, J.E.; Shafarman, W.N. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. and Films. January/February 1999; 17(1): Analysis of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Woodbury, NY: American Institute of pp. 317-318. Cells: Why Performance Decreases Physics, 1999; pp. 9-16. with Increasing Ga Content. Ribeiro, C.M.; Taylor, R.W.; Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Ramanathan, K.; Wiesner, H.; Asher, S.; Moszkowicz, M.; Dutra, R.M. et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Niles, D.; Bhattacharya, R.N.; Keane, J.; Brazilian Amazonia: Despite Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Contreras, M.A.; Noufi, R. High Recent Changes, Still a Potential Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film Market for PV. Schmid, J., et al., eds. Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Solar Cells Without Intermediate 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Buffer Layers. Schmid, J., et al., eds. Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the American Institute of Physics, 1999; 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, pp. 120-125. Work performed by Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Vienna, Austria. Italy: European University of Delaware, International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Commission, 1998; Vol. III: pp. 3002-3005. Newark, Delaware. Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 477-481. Ringel, S.A.; Sieg, R.M.; Carlin, J.A.; Pitts, J.R.; King, D.E.; Bingham, C.; Ting, S.M.; Fitzgerald, E.A.; Bulsara, M.; Czanderna, A.W. Ultra Accelerated Rand, J.A.; Bai, Y.; Culik, J.S.; Ford, Keyes, B.M. Toward Achieving Testing of PV Module Components. D.H.; Sims, P.E.; Barnett, A.M. Silicon- Efficient III-V Space Cells on Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Film™ Solar Cells by a Flexible Ge/GeSi/Si Wafers. Schmid, J., et al., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Manufacturing System. Al-Jassim, M.; eds. 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Program Review: Proceedings of the Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Commission, 1998; Vol. III: pp. 3594-3599. American Institute of Physics, 1999; AIP Conference Proceedings 462. pp. 636-642. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Rockett, A. Electronic Effects of Physics, 1999; pp. 674-679. Work Point Defects in Cu(InxGa1- x)Se2 Plekhanov, P.S.; Gosele, U.M.; Tan, T.Y. performed by AstroPower, Inc., Devices. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Physical and Numerical Modeling Newark, Delaware. Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics of Gettering of Precipitated Metallic Program Review: Proceedings of the Impurities in Si. Al-Jassim, M.; Ravindra, N.M.; Sopori, B.L.; 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Abedrabbo, S.; Chen, W.; Hensel, J.C.; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Fiory, A.T. Emissivity Measurements Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Proceedings of the 15th Conference, and Modeling in Silicon—Some American Institute of Physics, 1999; 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Observations. Ninth Workshop on pp. 132-137. Work performed by AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers Physics, 1999; pp. 412-417. Work from the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Rockett, A.; Bhattacharya, R.N.; performed by Duke University, Breckenridge, Colorado. Eberspacher, C.; Kapur, V.; Wei, S.H. Durham, North Carolina. NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: Basic Research Opportunities in National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Cu-Chalcopyrite Photovoltaics. Powell, R.C.; Jayamaha, U.; Dorer, G.L.; August 1999; pp. 213-217. Benner, J.; Deb, S.; McConnell, R., eds. McMaster, H. Scaling and Qualifying Workshop on Basic Research Opportunities CdTe/CdS Module Production. Reedy, R.C.; Mason, A.R.; Nelson, B.P.; in Photovoltaics: Proceedings of the Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Xu, Y. SIMS Characterization of Workshop Held in Conjunction with the et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Amorphous Silicon Germanium 195th Meeting of the Electrochemical Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Alloys Grown by Hot-Wire Society, 3 May 1999, Seattle, Washington. Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Deposition. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, NREL/BK-590-26952. Golden, CO: Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference J.P.; Gee, J.M., eds. 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Performance Losses in Materials Research Society Symposium Rooftop-Mounted PV Modules Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Song, W.; Mao, D.; Kaydanov, V.; from Long-Term Environmental Materials Research Society, 1999; Ohno, T.R.; Trefny, J.U.; Ahrenkiel, R.K.; Exposure at Las Cruces, New pp. 763-767. Work performed by Levi, D.H.; Johnston, S.; McCandless, B.E. Mexico. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Effect and Optimization of Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics CdS/CdTe Interdiffusion on CdTe Program Review: Proceedings of the Schulz, D.L.; Curtis, C.J.; Flitton, R.A.; Electrical Properties and CdS/CdTe 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Ginley, D.S. Nanoparticulate Film Cell Performance. Al-Jassim, M.; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Precursors to CIS Solar Cells: Spray Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Deposition of Cu-In-Se Colloids. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: American Institute of Physics, 1999; Gonsalves, K.E., et al., eds. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, pp. 655-660. Surface-Controlled Nanoscale Materials for 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. High-Added-Value Applications: AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Rummel, S.; Emery, K.; Field, H.; Proceedings of the Materials Research Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Moriarty, T.; Anderberg, A.; Dunlavy, D.; Society Symposium, 30 November— Physics, 1999; pp. 194-199. Ottoson, L. PV Cell and Module 3 December 1997, Boston, Massachusetts. Performance Measurement Materials Research Society Symposium Song, W.; Mao, D.; Trefny, J.U.; Capabilities at NREL. Al-Jassim, M.; Proceedings, Vol. 501. Warrendale, PA: Ahrenkiel, R.K.; Levi, D.H.; Johnston, S. Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Materials Research Society, 1998; Influence of CdCl2 Treatment NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: pp. 375-380. on the Electrical and Optical Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Properties of CdS Thin Film. 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Schulz, D.L.; Ribelin, R.; Curtis, C.J.; Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Ginley, D.S. Particulate Contacts to et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Si and CdTe: Al, Ag, Hg-Cu-Te, and Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Physics, 1999; pp. 553-558. Sb-Te. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Schlichthorl, G.; Park, N.G.; Frank, A.J. Program Review: Proceedings of the Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Evaluation of the Charge-Collection 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, American Institute of Physics, 1999; Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Denver, Colorado. 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Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 45 Sopori, B.L.; Chen, W.; Abedrabbo, S.; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Stone, J.L.; Tsuo, Y.S.; Ullal, H.S.; Ravindra, N.M. Modeling Emissivity Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Wallace, W.L.; Sastry, V.R.; Baoshan, L. of Rough and Textured Silicon American Institute of Physics, 1999; PV Electrification in India and Wafers. Journal of Electronic Materials. pp. 341-347. China: The NREL’s Experience in 1998; 27(12): pp. 1341-1346. International Cooperation. Sopori, B.; Chen, W.; Zhang, Y. Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Sopori, B.L.; Chen, W.; Gee, J.; Jones, K. Development of a Thin-Film Applications. 1998; 6(5): pp. 341-356. On the Performance Limiting Crystalline-Silicon Solar Cell. Behavior of Defect Clusters in Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Stone, J.L.; Ullal, H.S. Ramakrishna Commercial Silicon Solar Cells. et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Mission Economic PV Development Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Initiative. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Conference, 9-11 September 1998, World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Vienna, Austria. Italy: European American Institute of Physics, 1999; Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 152-155. pp. 437-442. Commission, 1998; Vol. III: pp. 2962-2965.
Sopori, B.L.; Chen, W.; Symko, M. Sopori, B.; Chen, W.; Zhang, Y.; Su, D.S.; Wei, S.H. Transmission Spatial Nonuniformities in the Hemschoot, T.; Madjdpour, J. Electron Microscopy Investigation Minority-Carrier Diffusion Extending PVSCAN to Meet the and First-Principles Calculation of Length/Lifetime: Measurement Market Needs for High-Speed, the Phase Stability in Epitaxial and Implications on a Large-Area Large-Area Scanning. Ninth CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 Films. Applied Device Performance. Gupta, D.C.; Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Physics Letters. 26 April 1999; 74(17): Bacher, F.R.; Hughes, W.M., eds. Cell Materials and Processes: Extended pp. 2483-2485. Recombination Lifetime Measurements in Abstracts and Papers from the Workshop, Silicon: Papers Presented at the Advanced 9-11 August 1999, Breckenridge, Colorado. Suryanarayana, C.; Ivanov, E.; Noufi, R.; Workshop on Silicon Recombination NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: Contreras, M.A.; Moore, J.J. Synthesis Lifetime Characterization Methods, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and Processing of a Cu-In-Ga-Se 2-3 June 1997, Santa Clara, California. August 1999; pp. 135-141. Sputtering Target. Thin Solid Films. STP 1340. West Conshohocken, PA: Papers presented at the 25th American Society for Testing and Sopori, B.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, W. International Conference on Metallurgical Materials, 1998; pp. 328-343. Process Monitoring in Solar Cell Coatings and Thin Films, 27 April— Manufacturing. Ninth Workshop on 1 May 1998, San Diego, California. Sopori, B.L.; Madjdpour, J.; Chen, W. Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and 1998; 332: pp. 340-344. Applications of “PV Optics” for Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers Solar Cell and Module Design. from the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Suryanarayana, C.; Ivanov, E.; Noufi, R.; Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World Breckenridge, Colorado. Contreras, M.A.; Moore, J.J. Phase Conference on Photovoltaic Solar NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: Selection in a Mechanically Alloyed Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Cu-In-Ga-Se Powder Mixture. Journal International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, September 1999; pp. 74-80. of Materials Research. February 1999; Vienna, Austria. Italy: European 14(2): pp. 377-383. Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 156-159. Specimen Handling, Preparation, and Treatments in Surface Symko, M.I.; Sopori, B.L.; Reedy, R.; Sopori, B.L.; Madjdpour, J.; Chen, W.; Characterization. Methods of Surface Jones, K.M. Low Temperature Zhang, Y. Light-Trapping in a-Si Characterization Series, Volume 4. Hydrogen Diffusion in Silicon: Solar Cells: A Summary of the Czanderna, A.W.; Powell, C.J.; Madey, Influence of Substrate Quality and Results from PV Optics. Al-Jassim, M.; T.E., eds. New York: Kluwer the Surface Damage. Davies, G.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Academic/Plenum Publishers, 1998. Nazare, M.H., eds. Defects in NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Semiconductors ICDS-19: Proceedings of Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Stanbery, B.J.; Huang, C.H.; Chang, the 19th International Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. C.H.; Li, S.S.; Anderson, T.J. July 1997, Aviero, Portugal. Switzerland: AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Characterization and Processing Trans Tech Publications, 1997; Woodbury, NY: American Institute of of CuInSe2 Solar Cells. Schmid, J., pp. 191-196. Physics, 1999; pp. 291-296. et al., eds. 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion: Takamoto, T.; Yumaguchi, M.; Ikeda, E.; Sopori, B.; Chen, W.; Tan, T.; Plekhanov, P. Proceedings of the International Agui, T.; Kurita, H.; Al-Jassim, M. Overcoming the Efficiency-Limiting Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Vienna, Austria. Mechanism of Zn and Si Diffusion Mechanisms in Commercial Si Italy: European Commission, 1998; from a Highly Doped Tunnel Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Vol. I: pp. 529-532. Work performed by Junction for InGaP/GaAs Tandem Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Solar Cells. Journal of Applied Physics. 1 Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th February 1999; 85(3): pp. 1481-1486. Conference, 9-11 September 1998,
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Ninth Wang, Q.; Nelson, B.P.; Iwaniczko, E.; Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Tuttle, J.R.; Cole, E.D.; Berens, T.A.; Mahan, A.H.; Crandall, R.S.; Benner, J. Cell Materials and Processes: Extended Keane, J.; Alleman, J. Crystalline and Influence of Charge Effect on the Abstracts and Papers from the Workshop, Thin-Film Cell PV Concentrator Growth of Hydrogenated 9-11 August 1999, Breckenridge, Colorado. Package. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd Amorphous Silicon by the Hot- NREL/BK-520-26941. Golden, CO: World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Technique. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd August 1999; pp. 112-115. Work International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar performed by University of South Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Florida, Tampa, Florida; Lawrence Commission, 1998; Vol. II: pp. 2256-2259. 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Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 47 Ward, J.S.; Duda, A.; Coutts, T.J.; Weber, E.R.; Istratov, A.A.; McHugo, S.A.; Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Kurtz, S.R. New Concepts for High- Hieslmair, H.; Flink, C. Minority Carrier American Institute of Physics, 1999; Intensity PV Modules for Use with Diffusion Length Degradation in pp. 272-277. Dish Concentrator Systems. Silicon: Who is the Culprit? Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Gupta, D.C.; Bacher, F.R.; Hughes, W.M., Witt, C.E.; Mitchell, R.L.; Thomas, H.P.; et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Program eds. Recombination Lifetime Measurements Symko, M.I.; King, R.; Ruby, D.S. Review: Proceedings of the 15th in Silicon: Papers Presented at the Advanced Manufacturing Improvements in Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Workshop on Silicon Recombination the Photovoltaic Manufacturing Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Lifetime Characterization Methods, Technology (PVMaT) Project. Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: 2-3 June 1997, Santa Clara, California. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World American Institute of Physics, 1999; STP 1340. West Conshohocken, PA: Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy pp. 385-392. American Society for Testing and Conversion: Proceedings of the Materials, 1998; pp. 18-29. Work International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Ward, J.S.; Duda, A.; Zweibel, K.; performed by University of California, Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Coutts, T.J. Large-Area, High- Berkeley, California. Commission, 1998; Vol. II: pp. 1969-1973. Intensity PV Arrays for Systems Using Dish Concentrating Optics. Wendt, R.; Compaan, A.D.; Grecu, D.; Wohlgemuth, J.H. Cast Polycrystalline Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World Makhratchev, K.; Ma, X.; Bohn, R.G. Silicon Photovoltaic Cell and Module Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Energy CdTe Cell Performance vs. Plasma Manufacturing Technology Conversion: Proceedings of the Parameters During Magnetron Improvements. Al-Jassim, M.; International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Sputter Deposition. Schmid, J., et al., Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Vienna, Austria. Italy: European eds. 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 14-18. Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 15th Conference, International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Waters, D.M.; Niles, D.; Gessert, T.A.; Vienna, Austria. Italy: European AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Albin, D.; Rose, D.H.; Sheldon, P. Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 1059-1062. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Surface Analysis of CdTe After Work performed by University of Toledo, Physics, 1999; pp. 747-752. Work Various Pre-Contact Treatments. Toledo, Ohio. performed by Solarex, A Business Unit Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd World of Amoco/Enron Solar, Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Wiedeman, S.; Wendt, R.G.; Britt, J.S. Frederick, Maryland. Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Module Interconnects on Flexible International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Substrates. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Woods, L.M.; Levi, D.H.; Kaydanov, V.; Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Gee, J.M., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Robinson, G.Y.; Ahrenkiel, R.K. Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 1031-1034. Program Review: Proceedings of the Electrical Characterization of 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, CdTe Grain-Boundary Properties Webb, J.D.; Gedvilas, L.M.; Olson, M.R.; Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference from As Processed CdTe Solar Wu, X.; Duda, A.; Wanlass, M.W.; Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Cells. Schmid, J., et al., eds. 2nd Jones, K.M. FTIR and FT-PL American Institute of Physics, 1999; World Conference on Photovoltaic Solar Spectroscopic Analysis of TPV pp. 17-22. Work performed by Global Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Materials and Devices. Coutts, T.J.; Solar Energy L.L.C., Tucson, Arizona. International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Benner, J.P.; Allman, C.S., eds. Vienna, Austria. Italy: European Thermophotovoltaic Generation of Wieting, R.D. CIS Product Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 1043-1046. Electricity: Fourth NREL Conference, Introduction: Progress and 11-14 October 1998, Denver, Colorado. Challenges. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Woods, L.M.; Levi, D.H.; Kaydanov, V.; AIP Conference Proceedings 460. Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Robinson, G.Y.; Ahrenkiel, R.K. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Program Review: Proceedings of the Electrical Characterization of Physics, 1999; pp. 269-281. 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Etched Grain-Boundary Properties Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference from As-Processed px-CdTe-Based Webb, J.D.; Keane, J.; Ribelin, R.; Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Solar Cells. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gedvilas, L.; Swartzlander, A.; American Institute of Physics, 1999; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Ramanathan, K.; Albin, D.S.; Noufi, R. pp. 3-8. Work performed by Siemens Program Review: Proceedings of the Spectroscopic Analysis of Impurity Solar Industries, Camarillo, California. 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Precipitates in CdS Films. Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Williamson, D.L.; Xu, Y.; Nelson, B.P. Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Program Nanostructure of Hot-Wire- American Institute of Physics, 1999; Review: Proceedings of the 15th Deposited a-SiGe:H Alloys by pp. 499-504. Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering. Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., Wu, X.; Duda, A.; Carapella, J.J.; Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Ward, J.S.; Webb, J.D.; Wanlass, M.W. American Institute of Physics, 1999; Program Review: Proceedings of the 15th Study of Contacts and Back- pp. 524-530. Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Surface Reflectors for 0.6-eV Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Ga0.32In0.68As/InAs0.32P0.68 Thermophotovoltaic Monolithically
48 Information Resources Catalogue Interconnected Modules. Coutts, T.J.; Society, 1999; pp. 805-810. Work Benner, J.P.; Allman, C.S., eds. performed by University of Utah, Solar Energy— Thermophotovoltaic Generation of Salt Lake City, Utah. Electricity: Fourth NREL Conference, Radiation 11-14 October 1998, Denver, Colorado. Yang, J.; Banerjee, A.; Lord, K.; Guha, S. AIP Conference Proceedings 460. Correlation of Component Cells Michalsky, J.; Dutton, E.; Rubes, M.; Woodbury, NY: American Institute of with High Efficiency Amorphous Nelson, D.; Stoffel, T.; Wesley, M.; Physics, 1999; pp. 517-524. Silicon Alloy Triple-Junction Solar Splitt, M.; DeLuisi, J. Optimal Cells and Modules. Schmid, J., et al., Measurement of Surface Shortwave Wu, X.; Sheldon, P.; Mahathongdy, Y.; eds. 2nd World Conference on Photovoltaic Irradiance Using Current Ribelin, R.; Mason, A.; Moutinho, H.R.; Solar Energy Conversion: Proceedings of the Instrumentation. Journal of Coutts, T.J. CdS/CdTe Thin-Film Solar International Conference, 6-10 July 1998, Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. Cell with a Zinc Stannate Buffer Vienna, Austria. Italy: European January 1999; 16: pp. 55-69. Layer. Al-Jassim, M.; Thornton, J.P.; Commission, 1998; Vol. I: pp. 387-390. Gee, J.M., et al., eds. NCPV Photovoltaics Work performed by United Solar Myers, D.R. Silicon Cell Pyranometers: Program Review: Proceedings of the Systems Corporation, Troy, Michigan. The Cost of Accuracy. Solar Spectrum: 15th Conference, 9-11 September 1998, Newsletter of the Resource Assessment Denver, Colorado. AIP Conference Yang, J.; Sugiyama, S.; Guha, S. Division of the American Solar Energy Proceedings 462. Woodbury, NY: Effect of Excitation Frequency on Society. November 1998; 11(2): pp. 1+. American Institute of Physics, 1999; the Performance of Amorphous pp. 37-41. Silicon Alloy Solar Cells. Schropp, Stoffel, T.L.; Rymes, M.D. Production R., et al., eds. Amorphous and of the Weather Year for Energy Xi, J.; Morrison, S.; Coates, K.; Madan, A. Microcrystalline Silicon Technology 1998: Calculations Version 2 (WYEC2) Deposition of High Quality a-Si Proceedings of the Materials Research Data Sets. ASHRAE Transactions: Technical Films by an Innovative “Hot Wire” Society Symposium, 14-17 April 1998, and Symposium Papers Presented at the CVD Technique. Al-Jassim, M.; San Francisco, California. Materials 1998 Annual Meeting, 21-24 June 1998, Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Research Society Symposium Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Volume 104, NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Part 2. Atlanta, GA: American Society Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Materials Research Society, 1999; of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air- 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. pp. 157-161. Work performed by United Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Solar Systems Corporation, 1998; pp. 487-497. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Troy, Michigan. Physics, 1999; pp. 266-271. Work Zelenka, A.; Perez, R.; Seals, R.; Renne, performed by MVSystems, Inc., Yue, G.; Chen, L.; Wang, Q.; Iwaniczko, E.; D. Effective Accuracy of Satellite- Golden, Colorado. Kong, G.; Baugh, J.; Wu, Y.; Han, D. Derived Hourly Irradiances. Light-Induced Change of Si-H Theoretical and Applied Climatology. 1999; Yan, B.; Chen, S.; Taylor, P.C. Kinetics Bond Absorption in Hydrogenated 62: pp. 199-207. of Light-Induced Defect Formation Amorphous Silicon. Schropp, R., et al., and Annealing in Hydrogenated eds. Amorphous and Microcrystalline Amorphous Silicon Alloyed with Silicon Technology 1998: Proceedings of Sulfur. Schropp, R., et al., eds. the Materials Research Society Symposium, Solar Energy— Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, California. Thermal Technology 1998: Proceedings of the Materials Research Society Symposium Materials Research Society Symposium, Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, California. Materials Research Society, 1999; Cohen, G.E.; Kearney, D.W.; Price, H.W. Materials Research Society Symposium pp. 685-690. Performance History and Future Proceedings, Vol. 507. Warrendale, PA: Costs of Parabolic-Trough Solar Materials Research Society, 1999; Zhu, H.; Tuttle, J.R.; Cole, E.D.; Electric Systems. Journal de Physique IV pp. 453-458. Work performed by Berens, T.A.; Szalaj, A.; Keane, J.; (France). Proceedings of the 9th Solar University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. Alleman, J. Novel “Flat-Plate” PV PACES International Symposium on Concentrator Package. Al-Jassim, M.; Solar Thermal Concentrating Yan, B.; Taylor, P.C. Excitation Intensity Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Technologies (STCT 9), 22-26 June 1998, Dependence of Light-Induced NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Font-Romeu, France. 1999; 9(Pr3): Electron Spin Resonance in Proceedings of the 15th Conference, pp. 169-179. Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Films. Schropp, R., et al., eds. AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Hale, M.J. Solar Two Performance Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Woodbury, NY: American Institute of Evaluation Methodology. Hogan, R., Technology 1998: Proceedings of the Physics, 1999; pp. 315-319. et al., eds. Proceedings of Renewable and Materials Research Society Symposium, Advanced Energy Systems for the 21st 14-17 April 1998, San Francisco, Century (RAES '99), 11-15 April 1999, California. Materials Research Society Maui, Hawaii. New York: American Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 507. Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999; Warrendale, PA: Materials Research 12 pp.
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 49 Kistner, R.; Price, H. Financing Solar Follstaedt, D.M.; Twesten, R.D.; Mirecki Physics. 15 October 1998; 84(8): Thermal Power Plants. Hogan, R., Millunchick, J.; Lee, S.R.; Jones, E.D.; pp. 4502-4508. et al., eds. Proceedings of Renewable and Ahrenkiel, S.P.; Zhang, Y.; Mascarenhas, A. Advanced Energy Systems for the 21st Spontaneous Lateral Composition Smith, S.; Cheong, H.M.; Fluegel, B.D.; Century (RAES ‘99), 11-15 April 1999, Modulation in InAlAs and InGaAs Geisz, J.F.; Olson, J.M.; Dhere, R.; Maui, Hawaii. New York: American Short-Period Superlattices. Physica E. Kazmerski, L.L.; Mascarenhas, A. Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999; 1998; 2: pp. 325-329. Excitons and Recombination in 10 pp. Photovoltaic Materials. Al-Jassim, M.; Forrest, R.L.; Golding, T.D.; Moss, S.C.; Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Lewandowski, A.; Bingham, C.; Zhang, Z.; Geisz, J.F.; Olson, J.M.; NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Neumann, A. Flux Mapping Using Mascarenhas, A.; Ernst, P.; Geng, C. Proceedings of the 15th Conference, Transmitting Lambertian Targets. X-Ray Diffraction and Excitation 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Hogan, R., et al., eds. Proceedings of Photoluminescence Analysis of AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Renewable and Advanced Energy Systems Ordered GaInP. Physical Review. B, Woodbury, NY: American Institute of for the 21st Century (RAES '99), Condensed Matter. 15 December 1998-I; Physics, 1999; pp. 467-472. 11-15 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. New 58(23): pp. 15,355-15,358. York: American Society of Mechanical Smith, S.; Cheong, H.M.; Fluegel, B.D.; Engineers, 1999; 11 pp. Lee, S.H.; Cheong, H.M.; Tracy, C.E.; Geisz, J.F.; Olson, J.M.; Kazmerski, L.L.; Mascarenhas, A.; Benson, D.K.; Deb, S.K. Mascarenhas, A. Spatially Resolved Price, H.W.; Kistner, R. Parabolic- Raman Spectroscopic Studies of Photoluminescence in Partially Trough Solar Power for Competitive Electrochromic a-WO3. Electrochimica Ordered GaInP2. Applied Physics U.S. Markets. Hogan, R., et al., eds. Acta. 1999; 44: pp. 3111-3115. Presented Letters. 1 February 1999; 74(5): Proceedings of Renewable and Advanced at the International Meeting on pp. 706-708. Energy Systems for the 21st Century Electrochromics, 7-9 September 1998, (RAES ‘99), 11-15 April 1999, Maui, Hawaii. London, England. Zhang, Y.; Mascarenhas, A. Scaling New York: American Society of of Exciton Binding Energy and Mechanical Engineers, 1999; 11 pp. Lee, S.H.; Cheong, H.M.; Zhang, J.G.; Virial Theorem in Semiconductor Mascarenhas, A.; Benson, D.K.; Deb, S.K. Quantum Wells and Wires. Physical Williams, T.A. Characterization of Electrochromic Mechanism in Review. B, Condensed Matters. Alternative Hybrid Power Tower a-WO3-y Thin Films. Applied Physics 15 January 1999-I; 59(3): Systems. Journal de Physique IV (France). Letters. 11 January 1999; 74(2): pp. 2040-2044. Proceedings of the 9th Solar PACES pp. 242-244. International Symposium on Solar Zhang, Y.; Mascarenhas, A.; Thermal Concentrating Technologies Liu, N.; Shih, C.K.; Geisz, J.; Ahrenkiel, S.P.; Friedman, D.J.; Geisz, J.F.; (STCT 9), 22-26 June 1998, Font-Romeu, Mascarenhas, A.; Olson, J.M. Alloy Olson, J.M. Electronic and Optical France. 1999; 9(Pr3): pp. 699-704. Ordering in GaInP Alloys: A Cross- Properties of Periodically Stacked Sectional Scanning Tunneling Orientational Domains in CuPt- Microscopy Study. Applied Physics Ordered GaInP2. Solid State Letters. 5 October 1998; 73(14): Communications. 1999; 109: pp. 99-103. Solid State Spectroscopy pp. 1979-1981. Zhang, Y.; Mascarenhas, A.; Deb, S. Norman, A.G.; Ahrenkiel, S.P.; Effects of Excitons on Solar Cells. Ahrenkiel, S.P.; Norman, A.G.; Moutinho, H.; Al-Jassim, M.M.; Journal of Applied Physics. 1 October 1998; Al-Jassim, M.M.; Mascarenhas, A. Mascarenhas, A.; Mirecki Millunchick, J.; 84(7): pp. 3966-3971. Laterally Modulated Composition Lee, S.R.; Twesten, R.D.; Follstaedt, D.M.; Profiles in AlAs/InAs Short-Period Reno, J.L.; Jones, E.D. Strain-Dependent Superlattices. Journal of Applied Morphology of Spontaneous Lateral Solid State Theory Physics. 1 December 1998; 84(11): Composition Modulations in pp. 6088-6094. (AlAs)m(InAs)n Short Period Superlattices Grown by Molecular Bellaiche, L.; Mattila, T.; Wang, L.W.; Cheong, H.M.; Ahrenkiel, S.P.; Beam Epitaxy. Applied Physics Letters. Wei, S.H.; Zunger, A. Resonant Hole Hanna, M.C.; Mascarenhas, A. 28 September 1998; 73(13): pp. 1844-1846. Localization and Anomalous Phonon Signatures of Spontaneous Work performed by National Renewable Optical Bowing in InGaN Alloys. CuPt Ordering in Ga0.47In0.53As/ Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; Applied Physics Letters. 29 March 1999; InP. Applied Physics Letters. and Sandia National Laboratories, 74(13): pp. 1842-1844. 2 November 1998; 73(18): pp. 2648-2650. Albuquerque, New Mexico. Ferreira, L.G.; Ozolins, V.; Zunger, A. Cheong, H.M.; Fluegel, B.; Hanna, M.C.; Perkins, J.D.; Zhang, Y.; Geisz, J.F.; Fitting of Accurate Interatomic Mascarenhas, A. Photoluminescence McMahon, W.E.; Olson, J.M.; Pair Potentials for Bulk Metallic Up-Conversion in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs Mascarenhas, A. Electroreflectance Alloys Using Unrelaxed LDA Heterostructures. Physical Review. B, Measurements of Electric Fields in Energies. Physical Review. B, Condensed Condensed Matter. 15 August 1998-II; Ordered GaInP2. Journal of Applied Matter. 15 July 1999-I; 60(3): 58(8): pp. R4254-R4257. pp. 1687-1696.
50 Information Resources Catalogue Franceschetti, A.; Fu, H.; Wang, L.W.; Superlattices. Physical Review. B, 9-11 September 1998, Denver, Colorado. Zunger, A. Many-Body Condensed Matter. 15 August 1999-II; AIP Conference Proceedings 462. Pseudopotential Theory of Excitons 60(8): pp. 5590-5596. Woodbury, NY: American Institute of in InP and CdSe Quantum Dots. Physics, 1999; pp. 62-69. Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter. Wang, L.W.; Zunger, A. Linear 15 July 1999-I; 60(3): pp. 1819-1829. Combination of Bulk Bands Method Zunger, A. How to Describe for Large-Scale Electronic Structure the Electronic Structure of Franceschetti, A.; Wang, L.W.; Fu, H.; Calculations on Strained Semiconductor Quantum Dots. Zunger, A. Short-Range versus Long- Nanostructures. Physical Review. B, Cahay, M., et al., eds. Proceedings Range Electron-Hole Exchange Condensed Matter. 15 June 1999-II; of the 5th International Symposium on Interactions in Semiconductor 59(24): pp. 15,806-15,818. Quantum Confinement: Nanostructures, Quantum Dots. Physical Review. B, 2-5 November 1998, Boston, Massachusetts. Condensed Matter. 15 November 1998-II; Wei, S.H. Spin Polarization of Electrochemical Society Proceedings, 58(20): pp. R13,367-R13,370. Photoelectrons from Ordered 98-19. Pennington, NJ: The Semiconductor Alloys. Holt, R. J.; Electrochemical Society, Inc., 1999; Fu, H.X.; Ozolins, V.; Zunger, A. Miller, M. A., eds. Polarized Gas pp. 259-268. Phonons in GaP Quantum Dots. Targets and Polarized Beams: Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter. 15 Proceedings of the 7th International January 1999-II; 59(4): pp. 2881-2887. Workshop, 18-22 August 1997, Superconductivity Urbana, Illinois. AIP Conference Fu, H.; Wang, L.W.; Zunger, A. Proceedings No. 421. New York: Excitonic Exchange Splitting in American Institute of Physics, 1998; Bhattacharya, R.N.; Batchelor, W.; Bulk Semiconductors. Physical Review. pp. 284-295. Noufi, R.N. Electroless Deposition of B, Condensed Matter. 15 February 1999-II; Cu-In-Ga-Se Thin Films. Electrochemical 59(8): pp. 5568-5574. Wei, S.H.; Zhang, S.B.; Zunger, A. and Solid- State Letters. May 1999; 2(5): Band Structure and Stability of pp. 222-223. Mattila, T.; Wang, L.W.; Zunger, A. Zinc-Blende-Based Semiconductor Electronic Consequences of Lateral Polytypes. Physical Review. B, Condensed Bhattacharya, R.N.; Blaugher, R.D.; Composition Modulation in Matter. 15 January 1999-II; 59(4): Ren, Z.F.; Li, W.; Wang, J.H.; Semiconductor Alloys. Physical pp. R2478-R2481. Paranathaman, M.; Verebelyi, D.T.; Review. B, Condensed Matter. Christen, D.K. Superconducting 15 June 1999-I; 59(23): pp. 15,270-15,284. Wei, S.H.; Zhang, S.B.; Zunger, A. Thallium Oxide Films by Effects of Na on the Electrical and Electrodeposition Method. Physica C. Mattila, T.; Zunger, A. P-P and As-As Structural Properties of CuInSe2. 1998; 304: pp. 55-65. Work performed Isovalent Impurity Pairs in GaN: Journal of Applied Physics. 15 May 1999-I; by National Renewable Energy Interaction of Deep t2 Levels. 85(10): pp. 7214-7218. Laboratory, Golden, Colorado; State Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter. University of New York, Department of 15 April 1999-I; 59(15): pp. 9943-9953. Williamson, A.J.; Franceschetti, A.; Fu, H.; Chemistry and CAPEM, Buffalo, New Wang, L.W.; Zunger, A. Indirect Band York; and Oak Ridge National Mattila, T.; Zunger, A. Predicted Bond Gaps in Quantum Dots Made from Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Length Variation in Wurtzite and Direct-Gap Bulk Materials. Journal Zinc-Blende InGaN and AlGaN of Electronical Materials. 1999; 28(5): Bhattacharya, R.N.; Blaugher, R.D.; Alloys. Journal of Applied Physics. pp. 414-425. Ren, Z.F.; Li, W.; Wang, J.H.; 1 January 1999; 85(1): pp. 160-167. Paranthanman, M.; Verebelyi, D.T.; Williamson, A.J.; Zunger, A. Christen, D.K. Ozolins, V.; Zunger, A. Theory of InAs Quantum Dots: Predicted Superconducting Epitaxial Systematic Absence of NaCl-Type Electronic Structure of Free- (TlBi)0.9Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3Ag0.2Ox (-Sn-Type) High Pressure Phases in Standing versus GaAs-Embedded Film from an Electrodeposited Covalent (Ionic) Semiconductors. Structures. Physical Review. B, Precursor. Electrochemical and Solid- Physical Review Letters. 25 January 1999; Condensed Matter. 15 June 1999-II; State Letters. 1998; 1(4): pp. 165-167. 82(4): pp. 767-770. 59(24): pp. 15,819-15,824. Natarajan, A.; Wang, W.; Ma, E.; Wang, L.W.; Kim, J.; Zunger, A. Wolverton, C.; Zunger, A. Magnetic Bhattacharya, R.N.; Blaugher, R.D. Electronic Structures of [110]- Destabilization of Ni7Al. Physical Magnetoresistivity Measurements Faceted Self-Assembled Pyramidal Review. B, Condensed Matter. of Tl1Ba2Ca2Cu3Ox (Tl-1223) High InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots. Physical 15 May 1999-I; 59(19): pp. 12,165-12,168. Temperature Superconductor Review. B, Condensed Matter. Films Synthesized via an 15 February 1999-II; 59(8): pp. 5678-5687. Zhang, S.B.; Wei, S.H.; Zunger, A. Electrodeposited Precursor. Elements of Doping Engineering in Materials Letters. April 1999; 39: Wang, L.W.; Wei, S.H.; Mattila, T.; Semiconductors. Al-Jassim, M.; pp. 58-62. Zunger, A.; Vurgaftman, I.; Meyer, J.R. Thornton, J.P.; Gee, J.M., et al., eds. Multiband Coupling and Electronic NCPV Photovoltaics Program Review: Structure of (InAs)n/(GaSb)n Proceedings of the 15th Conference,
Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters 51 Parilla, P.A.; Dillon, A.C.; Jones, K.M.; Eudy, L. Starting Smart: Using a Combined Riker, G.; Schulz, D.L.; Ginley, D.S.; Lessons Learned in the Launch of Backward/Forward Approach. Heben, M.J. First True Inorganic SuperShuttle’s Denver CNG Fleet. August 1999; 14 pp. Preprint prepared Fullerenes? Nature. 14 January 1999; Natural Gas Fuels. September 1999; 8(5): for IEEE Transactions on Vehicular 397: p. 114. pp. 15-19. Technology: Special Issues on Hybrid and Electric Vehicles. Norton, P.; Vertin, K.; Bailey, B.; Transportation Clark, N.N.; Lyons, D.W.; Goguen, S.; Eberhardt, J. Emissions from Trucks Village Power Using Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Fuel. Burch, S.D.; Biel, J.P. SULEV and Alternative Fuels 1998: Proceedings of the “Off-Cycle” Emissions Benefits of a International Fall Fuels and Lubricants Village Power ‘98: Scaling Up Vacuum-Insulated Catalytic Meeting and Exposition, 19-22 October 1998, Electricity Access for Sustainable Converter. Gas Direct Injection San Francisco, California. SAE SP-1391. Rural Development (CD-ROM). Aftertreatment and Exhaust Aftertreatment Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Proceedings of the Village Power ‘98 Modeling: Papers from the SAE Engineers (SAE), Inc., 1998; pp. 119-128. Conference, 6-8 October 1998, International Congress, March 1999, Washington, DC. 1999. Convened by Detroit, Michigan. SAE SP-1455. O'Connor, J.K. Alternative Fuel the National Renewable Energy Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Vehicle Fleet Buyer’s Guide. State of Laboratory in collaboration with the Engineers (SAE), Inc., 1999; pp. 111-120. Alternative Fuels Technologies 1999: World Bank. Proceedings of the International Spring Fuels Cadle, S.H.; Gorse, R.A., Jr.; Belian, T.C.; and Lubricants Meeting and Exposition, Lawson, D.R. Real-World Vehicle 3-6 May 1999, Dearborn, Michigan. Wind Energy Emissions: A Summary of the SAE SP-1458. Warrendale, PA: Society of Eighth Coordinating Research Automotive Engineers (SAE), Inc., 1999; Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions pp. 51-89. 1999-01-1510. Bialasiewicz, J.T.; Muljadi, E.; Drouilhet, S.; Workshop. Journal of the Air and Waste Nix, G. Hybrid Power Systems Management Association. March 1999; Pierson, W.R.; Schorran, D.E.; Fujita, E.M.; with Diesel and Wind Turbine 49(3): pp. 242-255. Sagebiel, J.C.; Lawson, D.R.; Tanner, R.L. Generation. Proceedings of the Assessment of Nontailpipe 1998 American Control Conference, Chandler, K.L.; Norton, P.; Clark, N. Hydrocarbon Emissions from 24-26 June 1998, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Interim Results from Alternative Motor Vehicles. Journal of the Air American Automatic Control Council, Fuel Truck Evaluation Project. and Waste Management Association. 1998; Vol. 3: pp. 1705-1709. State of Alternative Fuels Technologies 1999: May 1999; 49: pp. 498-519. Proceedings of the International Spring Fuels Stork, C.H.J.; Butterfield, C.P.; Holley, W.; and Lubricants Meeting and Exposition, Taylor, P.H.; Shanbhag, S.; Rubey, W.A.; Madsen, P.H.; Jensen, P.H. 3-6 May 1999, Dearborn, Michigan. Dellinger, B. Speciation of Organic Wind Conditions for Wind Turbine SAE SP-1458. Warrendale, PA: Society of By-Products from the Thermal Design Proposals for Revision of Automotive Engineers (SAE), Inc., 1999; Decomposition of Alternative the IEC 1400-1 Standard. Journal of pp. 1-15. 1999-01-1505. Automotive Fuels. Journal of the Air Wind Engineering and Industrial and Waste Management Association. Aerodynamics. Selected Papers from the Chandler, K.; Whalen, M.; Westhoven, J. January 1999; 49: pp. 39-48. Second European and African Conference Final Results from the State of on Wind Engineering, 22-26 June 1997, Ohio Ethanol-Fueled Light-Duty Vertin, K.D.; Ohi, J.M.; Naegeli, D.W.; Genoa, Italy. 1998; 74-76: pp. 443-454. Fleet Deployment Project. Childress, K.H.; Hagen, G.P.; Alternative Fuels 1998: Proceedings of the McCarthy, C.I.; Cheng, A.S.; Dibble, R.W. Thresher, R.W.; Dodge, D.M. International Fall Fuels and Lubricants Methylal and Methylal-Diesel Trends in the Evolution of Wind Meeting and Exposition, 19-22 October 1998, Blended Fuels for Use in Turbine Generator Configurations San Francisco, California. SAE SP-1391. Compression-Ignition Engines. and Systems. Wind Energy. 1998; 1: Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive State of Alternative Fuels Technologies pp. 70-85. Engineers (SAE), Inc., 1998; pp. 189-198. 1999: Proceedings of the International Spring Fuels and Lubricants Meeting and Exposition, Coburn, T.C.; Kelly, K.J.; Bailey, B.K. 3-6 May 1999, Dearborn, Michigan. Reduction in Vehicle Emissions SAE SP-1458. Warrendale, PA: Society of Attributable to Alternative Automotive Engineers (SAE), Inc., 1999; Transportation Fuels and Its pp. 29-41. 1999-01-1508. Prospective Impact on Air Quality and Public Health. Applied Wipke, K.B.; Cuddy, M.R.; Burch, S.D. Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. ADVISOR 2.1: A User-Friendly June 1998; 13(6): pp. 395-405. Advanced Powertrain Simulation
52 Information Resources Catalogue The following publications are U.S. patents issued for novel processes and inventions developed by National Renewable Energy Laboratory research staff. They can help inform other technical professionals about new technologies. Copies of these patents are available through your local library. Unless otherwise indicated, the Midwest Research Patents Institute in Kansas City, Missouri, is the assignee for all patents.
Conditions. U.S. Patent No. 5,871,952. Sopori, B.L., Inventor. High Efficiency February 16, 1999; 11 pp. Low Cost Thin Film Silicon Solar Alternative Fuels Cell Design and Method for Making. Moens, L., Inventor. Purification of U.S. Patent No. 5,897,331. April 27, 1999; Jarvis, E.E.; Roessler, P.G., Inventors. Caprolactam from Recycled Nylon. 18 pp. Isolated Gene Encoding an U.S. Patent No. 5,919,927. July 6, 1999; Enzyme with UDP-Glucose 9 pp. Ward, J.S.; Wanlass, M.W.; Gessert, T.A., Pyrophosphorylase and Inventors. Interdigitated Photovoltaic Phosphoglucomutase Activities Moens, L., Inventor. Synthesis of Power Conversion Device. U.S. Patent from Cyclotell cryptica. U.S. Patent an Acid Addition Salt of Delta- No. 5,897,715. April 27, 1999; 16 pp. No. 5,928,932. July 27, 1999; 18 pp. Aminolevulinic Acid from 5-Bromo Levulinic Acid Esters. U.S. Patent No. Wu, X.; Coutts, T.J.; Sheldon, P.; Rose, Zhang, M.; Chou, Y.C.; Picataggio, S.K.; 5,907,058. May 25, 1999; 4 pp. D.H., Inventors. Photovoltaic Devices Finkelstein, M., Inventors. Single Comprising Cadmium Stannate Zymomonas mobilis Strain for Xylose Wyman, C.E., Inventor. Sterilization Transparent Conducting Films and and Arabinose Fermentation. U.S. of Fermentation Vessels by Method for Making. U.S. Patent Patent No. 5,843,760. December 1, 1998; Ethanol/Water Mixtures. U.S. Patent No. 5,922,142. July 13, 1999; 15 pp. 10 pp. No. 5,868,997. February 9, 1999; 8 pp. Solar Energy— Basic Sciences Materials Science Thermal and Semiconductors Gregg, B.A.; Taylor, A.M., Inventors. Redox Polymer Electrodes for Bharathan, D.; Parent, Y.; Hassani, A.V., Advanced Batteries. U.S. Patent No. Ahrenkiel, R.K., Inventor. Apparatus Inventors. Method and Apparatus 5,840,443. November 24, 1998; 9 pp. for Measuring Minority Carrier for High-Efficiency Direct Contact Lifetimes in Semiconductor Condensation. U.S. Patent No. Zhang, J.G.; Benson, D.K.; Tracy, C.E., Materials. U.S. Patent No. 5,929,652. 5,925,291. July 20, 1999; 53 pp. Inventors. Thin Film Method of July 27, 1999; 25 pp. Conducting Lithium-Ions. U.S. Patent No. 5,834,137. November 10, 1998; Gessert, T.A., Inventor. Use of Superconductivity 11 pp. Separate ZnTe Interface Layers to Form Ohmic Contacts to p-CdTe Films. U.S. Patent No. 5,909,632. June Blaugher, R.D., Inventor. Vertical Two Chemical Technologies 1, 1999; 13 pp. Chamber Reaction Furnace. U.S. Patent No. 5,882,412. March 16, 1999; 6 pp. Evans, R.J.; Chum, H.L., Inventors. Solar Energy— Pyrolysis and Hydrolysis of Mixed Polymer Waste Comprising Photovoltaics Polyethyleneterephthalate and Polyethylene to Sequentially Recover. U.S. Patent No. 5,821,553. Ramanathan, K.V.; Contreras, M.A.; October 13, 1998; 44 pp. Bhattacharya, R.N.; Keane, J.; Noufi, R., Inventors. Cadmium-Free Junction Ghirardi, M.L.; Seibert, M., Inventors. Fabrication Process for CuInSe2 Process for Selection of Oxygen- Thin Film Solar Cells. U.S. Patent Tolerant Alagal Mutants that No. 5,948,176. September 7, 1999; 5 pp. Produce H2 under Aerobic
Patents 53 54 Information Resources Catalogue This is an alphebetical list by subject of documents produced at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory during fiscal year 1999. It includes “General Interest Publications,” “Technical Reports,” Title Index “Conference Papers, Journal Articles, Book Chapters,” and “Patents.”
Alternative Fuels
Bioconversion of Mixed Solids Waste to Ethanol ...... 26
Biofuels: A Solution for Climate Change ...... 3
Biofuels News—Fall 1998, Vol. 1, No. 4 ...... 3
Biofuels News—Spring 1999, Vol. 2, No. 2 ...... 3
Biofuels News—Summer 1999, Vol. 2, No. 3 ...... 3
Biofuels News—Winter 1999, Vol. 2, No. 1 ...... 3
Collins Pine/BCI Biomass to Ethanol Project ...... 26
Combustion Properties of Lignin Residue from Lignocellulose Fermentation ...... 25
Dilute Acid Hydrolysis of Softwoods: Scientific Note ...... 26
Environmental Life Cycle Implications of Fuel Oxygenate Production from California Biomass ...... 17
Enzyme Production, Growth, and Adaptation of T. reesei Strains QM9414, L-27, RL-P37, and Rut C-30 to Conditioned Yellow Poplar Sawdust Hydrolysate: Scientific Note ...... 25
Ethanol: Separating Fact from Fiction ...... 3
Excellence in Biotechnology for Renewable Fuels and Chemicals...... 3
Fast Pyrolysis Technology ...... 25
Fermentation Performance Characteristics of a Prehydrolyzate-Adapted Xylose-Fermenting Recombinant Zymomonas in Batch and Continuous Fermentation ...... 25
Fuel Oil Quality of Biomass Pyrolysis Oils ...... 26
Introduction to Session 2: Applied Biological Research ...... 25
Introduction to Session 6: Enzymatic Processes and Enzyme Production ...... 26
Introduction to the Proceedings of the Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals . . . . .25
Isolated Gene Encoding an Enzyme with UDP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase and Phosphoglucomutase Activities from Cyclotell cryptica ...... 53
Lignin Conversion to High-Octane Fuel Additives ...... 26
Lignocellulosic Biomass to Ethanol Process Design and Economics Utilizing Co-Current Dilute Acid Prehydrolysis and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Current and Future Scenarios ...... 17
Title Index 55 Lignocellulosic Feedstock Resource Assessment ...... 26
Look Back at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Aquatic Species Program: Biodiesel from Algae ...... 17
Modeling of Countercurrent Shrinking-Bed Reactor in Dilute-Acid Total-Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass ...... 25
Modeling the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Dilute-Acid Pretreated Douglas Fir ...... 26
Nine-Zone Simulating Moving Bed for the Recovery of Glucose and Xylose from Biomass Hydrolyzate ...... 26
Proceedings of the Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, 3-7 May 1998, Gatlinburg, Tennessee ...... 25
Process Economic Approach to Develop a Dilute-Acid Cellulose Hydrolysis Process to Produce Ethanol from Biomass ...... 26
Review of Physical and Chemical Methods of Upgrading Biomass-Derived Fast Pyrolysis Liquids ...... 25
Rice Straw as a Lignocellulosic Resource: Collection, Processing, Transportation, and Environmental Aspects ...... 25
Simultaneous Saccharification and Cofermentation of Dilute-Acid Pretreated Yellow Poplar Hardwood to Ethanol Using Xylose-Fermenting Zymomomonas mobilis ...... 26
Single Zymomomonas mobilis Strain for Xylose and Arabinose Fermentation ...... 53
Status of Biomass Conversion to Ethanol and Opportunities for Future Cost Improvements ...... 25
Two High-Throughput Techniques for Determining Wood Properties as Part of a Molecular Genetics Analysis of Hybrid Poplar and Loblolly Pine ...... 26
Wastewater Treatment for a Biomass-to-Ethanol Process: System Design and Cost Estimates ...... 25
Basic Sciences
Chloride Oxidation Catalysis by a Polymeric Oxide Derived from [Ru(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) (Cl)3(H2O)] ...... 27
Comparison of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Production Using Continuous Wave and Pulsed Laser Vaporization ...... 26
Development of Electrocatalysts for Carbon Dioxide Reduction Using Polydentate Ligands to Probe Structure-Activity Relationships ...... 27
Dye-Sensitized TiO2 Solar Cells: Structural and Photoelectrochemical Characterization of Nanocrystalline Electrodes Formed from the Hydrolysis of TiCl4 ...... 27
Fabrication of LiV2O5 Thin-Film Electrodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries ...... 27
Impedance Analysis of the Doped Iron Oxide-Electrolyte Interface ...... 26
Liquid Crystal Perylene Diimide Films Characterized by Electrochemical, Spectroelectrochemical and Conductivity versus Potential Measurements ...... 27
Lithium-Manganese-Oxide Thin-Film Cathodes Prepared by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition ...... 27
Low-Cost Fiber-Optic Hydrogen Gas Detector Using Guided-Wave, Surface-Plasmon Resonance in Chemochromic Thin Films ...... 26
Midinfrared Optical Excitations in Undoped Lamellar Copper Oxides ...... 27
56 Information Resources Catalogue Next Generation V2O5 Cathode Materials for Li Rechargeable Batteries ...... 27
Nitrogen-Activated Transitions, Level Repulsion, and Band Gap Reduction in GaAs1-xNx with x<0.03 ...... 27
Oxidation and Reduction of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Materials ...... 26
Redox Polymer Electrodes for Advanced Batteries ...... 53
Thin Film Method of Conducting Lithium-Ions ...... 53
Theory and Experiment on the Cuprous-Cupric Electron Transfer Rate at a Copper Electrode ...... 27
Biomass Power
Analysis of Two Biomass Gasification/Fuel Cell Scenarios for Small-Scale Power Generation ...... 17
Biomass: A Growth Opportunity in Green Energy and Value-Added Products; Proceedings of the Fourth Biomass Conference of the Americas, 29 August—2 September 1999, Oakland, California ...... 27
Biomass and Bioenergy: Chornobyl Remediation Options ...... 27
Biomass Cofiring: A Renewable Alternative for Utilities and Their Customers ...... 3
Biomass Cofiring: A Renewable Alternative for Utilities ...... 3
Biomass Energy Conversion ...... 27
Biomass Gasification: A Growing Business ...... 27
Feasibility of BIG-GT Systems: Perspective Analysis vis-a-vis Thermal Power Plants Burning Natural Gas . . . . .27
Feasibility of Cofiring (Biomass + Natural Gas) Power Systems ...... 28
Financial and Environmental Incentives: Impact on the Potential of BIG-CC Technology at the Sugar-Cane Industry ...... 27
IEA Bioenergy Feasibility Studies ...... 27
International and Domestic Market Opportunities for Biomass Power: Volumes I and II ...... 17
Life Cycle Assessment of Coal-Fired Power Production ...... 17
Life Cycle Comparison of Electricity from Biomass and Coal ...... 27
Small Modular Biopower Systems ...... 4
Technoeconomic Analysis of Algal and Bacterial Hydrogen Production Systems ...... 27
Buildings
Advanced Commercial Liquid Desiccant Technology Development Study ...... 17
Advanced Desiccant Cooling and Dehumidification Program Overview ...... 4
BESTEST Method for Evaluating and Diagnosing Building Energy Software ...... 28
Borrower’s Guide to Financing Solar Energy Systems: A Federal Overview, Second Edition ...... 4
Buildings for the 21st Century: Office of Building Technology, State and Community Programs Newsletter; Vol. 1, No. 1 ...... 4
Title Index 57 Communication and Collaboration Keep San Francisco VA Medical Center Project on Track: ESPC Case Study ...... 4
Cooperative Efforts Raise Building Energy Codes and Appliance Standards ...... 4
Counting on Solar Power for Disaster Relief ...... 4
Creating Low-Energy Commercial Buildings Through Effective Design and Evaluation ...... 28
Current Status of Health and Safety Issues of Sodium/Metal Chloride (Zebra) Batteries ...... 17
Design, Construction, and Performance of the Grand Canyon House ...... 17
Electrifying Pinnacles ...... 4
Energy Star® Partnerships Generate Powerful Savings at Home and at Work ...... 4
Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning ...... 4
Federal Energy Management Program: Program Overview ...... 4
Financing Solar Energy Systems with Energy Savings Performance Contracts in the Federal Sector: Results of a Survey on Barriers, May 1998—January 1999 ...... 17
Measurement and Verification for Solar Water Heating Performance Contracts ...... 28
National Renewable Energy Lab Develops Low-Cost, Solar Collector ...... 28
New Home Buyer Solar Water Heater Trade-Off Study ...... 17
New National Conservation Training Center a Model of Energy-Efficient Design ...... 5
New Technology Demonstration Program, Kennedy Space Center, Hangar L Heat Pipe Project: Performance Evaluation Report, June 1996—February 1998 ...... 17
Procuring Low-Energy Design and Consulting Services ...... 5
Rebuilding America—One Community at a Time ...... 5
Renewable-Energy Technologies for Designing and Constructing Low-Energy Commercial Buildings ...... 28
Save With Solar, Spring 1999, Vol. 2, No. 1 ...... 5
Save with Solar, Summer 1999, Vol. 2, No. 2 ...... 5
Save with Solar, Winter 1998, Vol. 1, No. 3 ...... 5
Seven Steps to Savings: How to Implement an Energy-Saving Project ...... 5
Showering with the Sun at Chickasaw National Recreation Area ...... 5
Software Tools for Energy Efficient Buildings ...... 5
Solar Success Story at Moanalua Terrace ...... 5
Solar Water Heaters: The Next Generation ...... 6
State and Local Partnerships Accelerate the Use of New Energy Technologies ...... 6
State Energy Program Operations Manual ...... 6
State Energy Program Results: More Projects That Work ...... 6
58 Information Resources Catalogue Strong R&D Partnerships Energize the Buildings of the 21st Century ...... 6
Super Energy Savings Performance Contracts: Program Overview ...... 6
System Interactions and Energy Savings in a Hot Dry Climate ...... 28
Systems Engineering: An Approach That Can Save Millions of Dollars in Energy and Construction Costs ...... 6
Technique for Monitoring and Predicting Annual Performance of a Building Integrated Photovoltaic System . .28
Transforming Federal Sector Procurement of Performance Based Energy Services ...... 28
Transpired Air Collectors: Ventilation Preheating ...... 6
Using ENERGY-10 for Trade-Off Evaluations of Energy-Efficient Strategies in IEA Task 23 ...... 28
Chemical Technologies
Acid Hydrolysis of Hemicelluloses and Cellulose: Theory and Applications, Chapter 27 ...... 28
Application of Solar Photocatalytic Oxidation to VOC-Containing Airstreams ...... 29
Application of the Photocatalytic Chemistry of Titanium Dioxide to Disinfection and the Killing of Cancer Cells ...... 28
Application of the Slow Pyrolysis Eucalyptus Oil to Make PF Resins ...... 30
Beneficial Use and Recycling of Municipal Waste Combustion Residues: A Comprehensive Resource Document...... 6
Bent Cyclopenta-2,4-Dienylideneketene: Spectroscopic and ab initio Study of Reactive Intermediate ...... 29
Bibliography of Work in the Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Removal of Hazardous Compounds from Water and Air: Update Number 3 to January 1999 ...... 17
Biomass Gasifier “Tars”: Their Nature, Formation, and Conversion ...... 17
Commercial Demonstration of the Battelle/FERCO Biomass Gasification Process: Startup and Initial Operating Experience ...... 29
Economic Feasibility of Producing Hydrogen from Sunlight, Wind, and Biomass Energy ...... 29
Electronic Absorption Spectrum of Phenyl Radical ...... 29
Fluidized Bed Catalytic Steam Reforming of Pyrolysis Oil for Production of Hydrogen ...... 28
Hydrogen Technical Advisory Survey Report, May 4, 1998 ...... 17
Interaction between MnO2 and Oxalate: Formation of a Natural and Abiotic Lignin Oxidizing System ...... 29
Investigation into the Use of Low Temperature Catalytic Oxidation for the Control of Volatile Organic Compounds Released from Forest Product Industry Operations ...... 30
Investigation of the Photocatalytic Oxidation of Low-Level Carbonyl Compounds ...... 30
Investigation of the Effects of Controlled Periodic Illumination on the Oxidation of Gaseous Trichloroethylene Using a Thin Film of TiO2 ...... 28
Magnesium and Calcium Chelation by a Bis-Spiropyran ...... 29
Mineralization of Bacterial Cell Mass on a Photocatalytic Surface in Air ...... 29
Title Index 59 Net CO2 Emissions and Energy Balances of Biomass and Coal-Fired Power Systems ...... 29
New Methodology for the Production of Chemicals from Renewable Feedstocks, Chapter 2 ...... 28
Photoactivated Metal Removal ...... 29
Photoactive Ion Exchange Resins ...... 29
Photocatalytic and Thermal Catalytic Oxidation of Acetaldehyde on Pt/TiO2 ...... 29
Polysaccharides as Support for Enzyme and Cell Immobilization, Chapter 19 ...... 29
Process for Selection of Oxygen-Tolerant Alagal Mutants that Produce H2 under Aerobic Conditions ...... 53
Production of Levulinic Acid and Use as a Platform Chemical for Derived Products ...... 29
Purification of Caprolactam from Recycled Nylon ...... 53
Pyrolysis and Hydrolysis of Mixed Polymer Waste Comprising Polyethyleneterephthalate and Polyethylene to Sequentially Recover ...... 53
Quantitative Measurement of the Growth Rate of the PHA-Producing Photosynthetic Bacterium Rhodocyclus gelatinosus CBS-2 ...... 30
Rapid Determination of the Chemical Composition and Density of Pinus radiata by PLS Modelling of Transmission and Diffuse Reflectance FTIR Spectra ...... 29
Recycling and Energy Recovery Pilot Project: Project Report and Future Efforts ...... 17
Report on Biomass Drying Technology ...... 17
Sterilization of Fermentation Vessels by Ethanol/Water Mixtures ...... 53
Studies of the Molecular Interaction Between Cellulose and Lignin as a Model for the Hierarchical Structure of Wood ...... 29
Study of the Molecular Interactions Occurring in Blends of Cellulose Esters and Phenolic Polymers ...... 28
Superficial Velocity—The Key to Downdraft Gasification ...... 29
Survey of the Economics of Hydrogen Technologies ...... 17
Synthesis of an Acid Addition Salt of Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid from 5-Bromo Levulinic Acid Esters ...... 53
Synthesis of Seven-Membered Oxacycles ...... 29
Urban Waste Grease Resource Assessment ...... 18
Urban Wood Waste Resource Assessment ...... 17
Vanadium Catalyzed Guaiacol Deoxygenation ...... 29
Electrochromic Windows
Accelerated Durability Testing of Electrochromic Windows ...... 30
Durability Issues and Service Lifetime Prediction of Electrochromic Windows for Buildings Applications ...... 30
First Monolithic Tandem Photovoltaic-Powered Electrochromic Smart Window ...... 30
60 Information Resources Catalogue Monolithic, Self-Powered Photovoltaic-Electrochromic Coating for Windows ...... 30
Wide-Gap a-SiC:H PV-Powered Electrochromic Window Coating ...... 30
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
Communities of the Future: Energy Programs for Livable Communities ...... 6
Determining the Best Source of Renewable Electricity to Power a Remote Site for the National Park Service . . .30
Fuel Cells: A Solution for Pollution ...... 30
Green Power Marketing in Retail Competition: An Early Assessment ...... 30
Introduction to the 1999 ACEEE Summer Study on Energy Efficiency in Industry ...... 30
Market Value of Energy Efficiency: What Have We Learned? What Do We Still Need to Learn? ...... 30
Renewable Energy: Rapidly Maturing Technology for the 21st Century ...... 30
Setting Standards: Renewables and the IPMVP (International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol) ...... 30
State Energy Program Operations Manual ...... 6
Summary of the Third National Conference: Selling Green Power in Competitive Markets ...... 30
Technology Cooperation Agreement Pilot Project: Development-Friendly Greenhouse Gas Reduction ...... 7
Technology Cooperation Agreement Pilot Project: Development-Friendly Greenhouse Gas Reduction Status Report ...... 18
Technology Cooperation Agreement Pilot Project: Development-Friendly Greenhouse Gas Reduction Update ...... 7
Energy Policy and Analysis
Colorado Homeowner Preferences on Energy and Environmental Policy ...... 18
Gender and Renewable Energy: Policy, Analysis, and Market Implications ...... 31
Non-Economic Determinants of Energy Use in Rural Areas of South Africa ...... 18
Pre-Feasibility Evaluation for a Biomass-to-Energy Pilot Project at Verkhni-Ozerski Village, Arkhangelsk Region, Russia ...... 31
Renewable Energy for Sustainable Rural Village Power ...... 18
Sustainability, Energy Technologies, and Ethics ...... 31
Understanding Residential Grid-Tied PV Customers and Their Willingness to Pay Today’s Costs: A Qualitative Assessment ...... 31
Geothermal Energy
Environmental and Energy Benefits of Geothermal Heat Pumps ...... 7
Field Testing of Heat Exchanger Tube Coatings ...... 31
Geothermal Heat Pumps for Federal Buildings ...... 7
Title Index 61 Geothermal Heat Pumps for Medium and Large Buildings ...... 7
Geothermal Heat Pumps Make Sense for Homeowners ...... 7
Geothermal Heat Pumps Score High Marks in Schools ...... 7
Opportunities for Small Geothermal Projects: Rural Power for Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Philippines ...... 18
Hybrid Electric Vehicles
ADVISOR 2.0: A Second-Generation Advanced Vehicle Simulator for Systems Analysis ...... 22
Sunrayce 99: 1300 Miles of Solar-Powered Racing ...... 7
Hydrogen
Bioreactors for Hydrogen Production ...... 31
Costs of Storing and Transporting Hydrogen ...... 18
Development of Selection and Screening Procedures for Rapid Identification of H2-Producing Algal Mutants with Increased O2 Tolerance ...... 31
Effect of Exogenous Substrates on Hydrogen Photoproduction by a Marine Cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. Miami BG 043511 ...... 31
Evaluation Tool for Selection and Optimization of Hydrogen Demonstration Projects ...... 31
Road to the Hydrogen Future: Research and Development in the Hydrogen Program ...... 31
Industry
Acoustic Humidity Sensor ...... 8
Aluminum Scrap Decoater ...... 11
Apparatus for Removing Bark from Whole Logs ...... 8
Catalytic Cracking Demonstration Plant ...... 11
Chemicals—Industry of the Future ...... 7
Coal-Fired Air Turbine (CAT)-Cycle Plant ...... 8
Density Separation in Complex-Mode Vibration Fluidized Beds ...... 9
Die Casting Copper Motor Rotors ...... 11
Energy from Organic Waste ...... 9
Energy Matters—January 1999 ...... 8
Energy Matters—March 1999 ...... 8
Energy Matters—May 1999 ...... 8
Energy Matters—September/October 1999 ...... 7
Filtering Molten Metal ...... 9
From Invention To Innovation ...... 8
62 Information Resources Catalogue Georgia-Pacific’s Insulation Upgrade Leads to Reduced Fuel Costs and Increased Process Efficiency ...... 8
High-Temperature Refractory Ceramic Saves Energy ...... 9
Improved System Yields $100,000 Annual Savings ...... 10
Improving Efficiency of Tube Drawing Bench Reduces Energy by 34% ...... 10
Improving Industrial Compressed Air System Performance ...... 8
Improving Several Fan-Driven Systems in an Oriented-Strand Board Manufacturing Facility ...... 10
Inventions and Innovation: Helping Bring Your Energy Ideas to Market ...... 8
Inventions and Innovation Project Fact Sheets ...... 8-10
Laboratory Coordinating Council: Partnerships with Industry ...... 10
Lightweight Steel Containers ...... 11
Long Wavelength Catalytic Infrared Drying System for Wood Fiber ...... 11
Making the Licensing Decision ...... 10
Molten Film Paper Dryer ...... 9
Motor Challenge Project Fact Sheets ...... 10-11
Motor System Upgrades Smooth the Way to Savings of $700,000 at Chevron Refinery ...... 10
Motor System Usage in Forest Products ...... 10
NICE3: Financial Support to Demonstrate Energy-Efficient and Pollution-Preventing Technologies ...... 11
NICE3 Project Fact Sheets ...... 11-12
Office of Industrial Technologies (OIT) Financial Assistance ...... 12
Office of Industrial Technologies (OIT) Technical Assistance ...... 12
OIT Plant Assistance Helps You Help Yourself ...... 12
OIT Tools Can Help You Improve Productivity ...... 12
Optimizing Electric Motor Systems at a Corporate Campus Facility ...... 10
Plastic Foam and Film Recovery through Thermal Densification ...... 11
Process to Recover and Reuse Sulfur Dioxide in Metalcasting Operations ...... 11
Producing Glass Fiber ...... 9
Products from Metal Powders ...... 9
Ramex Tunneler ...... 9
Recycling Acid and Metal Salts from Pickling Liquors ...... 9
Recycling of Aluminum Dross/Saltcake ...... 11
Reducing BOF Hood Scrubber Energy Costs at a Steel Mill ...... 10
Title Index 63 Reflective Aluminum Chips ...... 9
Robotics Inspection System for Storage Tanks ...... 11
Rotary Electric Glass Furnace ...... 10
SO3 Cleaning Process in Semiconductor Manufacturing ...... 12
States Industries of the Future ...... 12
Technology Roadmap for Plant/Crop-Based Renewable Resources 2020: Research Priorities for Fulfilling a Vision to Enhance U.S. Economic Security through Renewable Plant/Crop-Based Resource Use ...... 12
Textile Brine Separation ...... 12
Textile Finishing Process ...... 12
Training Sessions and Materials Present Ways to Improve System Efficiency ...... 12
Turning Industry Visions into Reality ...... 12
Turning Point—November 1998 ...... 12
Variable Wall Mining Machine with Dual Duct Ventilation System ...... 10
Wireless Telemetry Communication ...... 10
Materials Science and Semiconductors
Apparatus for Measuring Minority Carrier Lifetimes in Semiconductor Materials ...... 53
Atomic Ordering and Temperature-Dependent Transient Photoconductivity in Ga0.47In0.53As ...... 31
Band Anticrossing in GaInNAs Alloys ...... 32
Comment on “Identification of the Si 2p Surface Core Level Shifts on the Sb/Si(100)-(2 x 1) Interface” ...... 31
Defect Metastability in Surfaces: A Study of EL2 Defect in GaAs(110) ...... 32
Effects of Sample Inhomogeneity and Geometry on Photoconductivity Decay ...... 32
Efficient Directional Spontaneous Emission from an InGaAs/InP Heterostructure with an Integral Parabolic Reflector ...... 32
Fast Electron Transfer Across Semiconductor-Molecule Interfaces: GaAs/Co(Cp)2+/0 ...... 32
Femtosecond IR Study of Excited-State Relaxation and Electron-Injection Dynamics of Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2 in Solution and on Nanocrystalline TiO2 and Al2O3 Thin Films ...... 31
First-Principles Theory of Coherent Precipitaton in Size-Mismatched Alloys ...... 32
Influence of Defect Clusters on the Performance of Silicon Solar Cells ...... 32
Injection-Level Spectroscopy of Metal Impurities in Silicon ...... 31
Interaction Between Vapor-Deposited A1 Atoms and Methylester-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayers Studied by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ...... 32
Optical, Electronic, and Structural Properties of Uncoupled and Close-Packed Arrays of InP Quantum Dots . . .32
64 Information Resources Catalogue Penetration of Deposited Au, Cu, and Ag Overlayers Through Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold or Silver ...... 32
Photocurrent of 1-eV GaInNAs Lattice-Matched to GaAs ...... 32
Reciprocal-Space Analysis of Compositional Modulation in Short-Period Superlattices Using Position-Sensitive X-Ray Detection ...... 32
Shape of Self-Assembled InAs Islands Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy ...... 32
Theoretical Analysis of the Minority Carrier Lifetime in a Multicrystalline Wafer with Spatially Varying Defect Distribution ...... 32
Two Color Blinking of Single Strain-Induced GaAs Quantum Dots ...... 31
Understanding the Role of Defects in Limiting the Minority Carrier Lifetime in SiC ...... 32
Use of Separate ZnTe Interface Layers to Form Ohmic Contacts to p-CdTe Films ...... 53
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Changing the Face of Energy ...... 13
National Renewable Energy Laboratory Information Resources Catalogue—1998 ...... 13
NREL and Its Involvement in Nepal ...... 32
Photoconversion
Effects of Carboxyl Amino Acid Modification on the Properties of the High-Affinity, Manganese-Binding Site in Photosystem II ...... 32
Electrochemical Stability of p-GaInP2 in Aqueous Electrolytes Toward Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting ...... 32
Photochemistry of Matrix-Isolated and Thin Film Acid Chlorides: Quantum Yields and Product Structures ...... 33
Photoelectrochemical Decomposition of Water Using Modified Monolithic Tandem Cells ...... 32
Photoelectrolysis of HBr and HI Using a Monolithic Combined Photoelectrochemical/Photovoltaic Device ...... 33
Role of Sulfides in Iron Activation in Chloride-Containing Solutions ...... 33
Use of a Novel Histidyl Modifier to Probe on Tris-Treated Photosystem II Membrane Fragments That May Bind Functional Manganese ...... 32
Solar Energy—General
Applications of Solar Technology for Catastrophe Response, Claims Management, and Loss Prevention ...... 19
Solar Energy—Photovoltaics
10% Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Based Photovoltaic Structure Formed by Electrodeposition and Subsequent Thermal Processing ...... 45
14.1% CuIn1-xGaxSe2-Based Photovoltaic Cells from Electrodeposited Precursors ...... 34
1-eV GaInNAs Solar Cells for Ultrahigh-Efficiency Multijunction Devices ...... 37
1-eV Solar Cells with GaInNAs Active Layer ...... 37
25 Years Perspective on the Influence and Impact of Publicly Funded PV Programs in Europe, the United States, and Japan ...... 43
Title Index 65 About the Reaction Path of Copper in Silicon ...... 36
Accelerated and Environmental Module Stress Testing at NREL ...... 43
Accelerated Exposure Tests of Encapsulated Si Solar Cells and Encapsulation Materials ...... 43
Accelerated Life Testing and Service Lifetime Prediction for PV Technologies in the Twenty-First Century . . . . .19
Advanced Polymer PV System: PVMaT 4A1 Final Report, September 1995—December 1997 ...... 19
Advanced Processing of CdTe- and CuInxGa1-xSe2-Based Solar Cells: Final Report, 18 April 1995—31 May 1998 ...... 20
Advances in CIS Devices Fabricated by a Non-Vacuum Technique ...... 40
Advances in Photovoltaics at NREL ...... 20
Advances in String Ribbon Crystal Growth ...... 38
AlInP Benchmarks for Growth of AlGaInP Compounds by Organometallic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy ...... 34
Alternative Buffer Layers for CuIn(Ga)Se2 Solar Cells ...... 43
Alternative Window Schemes for CuInSe2-Based Solar Cells: Final Report, 3 November 1995—31 December 1997 ...... 20
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells ...... 47
Analysis of Cu Diffusion in ZnTe-Based Contacts for Thin-Film CdS/CdTe Solar Cells ...... 42
Analysis of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells: Why Performance Decreases with Increasing Ga Content ...... 44
Anisotropy in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Films as Observed Using Polarized FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy ...... 20
Applications of “PV Optics” for Solar Cell and Module Design ...... 46
Applications of Solar Technology for Catastrophe Response, Claims Management, and Loss Prevention ...... 19
Atomic-Resolution Study of Steps and Ridges on Arsine-Exposed Vicinal Ge(100) ...... 41
Back Contact Effects on the Electro-Optical Properties of CdTe/CdS Solar Cells ...... 40
Band Gap Optimization by Gallium and Sulfur Incorporation in CuIn1-xGaxSe2-ySy Thin Films Prepared by Selenization-Sulfurization Process ...... 36
Baseline Process Development for Pilot Line Production of CIGS Modules ...... 36
Basic Research Opportunities in Cu-Chalcopyrite Photovoltaics ...... 44
Brazilian Amazonia: Despite Recent Changes, Still a Potential Market for PV ...... 44
Building with Photovoltaics—The Challenge for Task VII of the IEA PV Power Systems Program ...... 45
Cadmium-Free Junction Fabrication Process for CuInSe2 Thin Film Solar Cells ...... 53
Cast Polycrystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module Manufacturing Technology Improvements: Final Subcontract Report, 8 December 1993—30 April 1998 ...... 21
Cast Polycrystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Cell and Module Manufacturing Technology Improvements ...... 48
CdS/CdTe Thin-Film Solar Cell with a Zinc Stannate Buffer Layer ...... 21, 49
66 Information Resources Catalogue CdTe Cell Performance vs. Plasma Parameters During Magnetron Sputter Deposition ...... 48
Chapter 3: Ion Beam Bombardment Effects on Solid Surfaces at Energies Used for Sputter Depth Profiling . . . .35
Characteristics of Solar Cells and Materials Fabricated from Both Deuterated and Hydrogenated Silane ...... 38
Characterization and Processing of CuInSe2 Solar Cells ...... 46
Characterization of SnO2 Films Prepared Using Tin Tetrachloride and Tetra Methyl Tin Precursors ...... 36
Chemical Kinetics and Equilibrium Analysis of I-III-VI Films ...... 34
Chemical Reactivity of CdCl2 Wet-Deposited on CdTe Films Studied by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy . . . .43
Chemical State and Stability of Metal Precipitates in Silicon Materials ...... 41
China PV Business and Applications Evaluation ...... 20
CIS Photovoltaic Technology: Final Report, 12 January 1997—15 April 1998 ...... 19
CIS Product Introduction: Progress and Challenges ...... 48
CIS-Type PV Device Fabrication by Novel Techniques: Phase I Annual Technical Report, 1 July 1998—30 June 1999 ...... 18
Colorado Consumer’s Guide for Buying a Solar Electric System ...... 13
Comparison of Time Required to Charge a Battery in a Stand-Alone Photovoltaic System Using Different Charge-Controller Types ...... 42
Concentrator and Space Applications of High-Efficiency Solar Cells—Recent Developments ...... 19, 40
Consumer’s Guide to Buying a Solar Electric System ...... 13
Correlation of Component Cells with High Efficiency Amorphous Silicon Alloy Triple-Junction Solar Cells and Modules ...... 49
Cost Reduction and Manufacture of the SunSine™ 325 AC Module ...... 39
Critical Issues and Research Needs for CdTe-Based Solar Cells ...... 34
Crystalline and Thin-Film Cell PV Concentrator Package ...... 47
Degradation Kinetics of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon: The Effect of Embedded Microcrystallines ...... 40
Degradation Mechanisms Studies in CdS/CdTe Solar Cells with ZnTe: Cu/Au Back Contact ...... 42
Deposition of High Quality a-Si Films by an Innovative “Hot Wire” CVD Technique ...... 49
Design, Fabrication, and Certification of Advanced Modular PV Power Systems; Final Technical Progress Report ...... 19
Determination of the Built-In Electric Field near Contacts to Polycrystalline CuInSe2: Probing Local Charge Transport Properties by Photomixing ...... 47
Development of a Modular, Bi-Directional Power Inverter for Photovoltaic Applications: Final Report, August 1995—March 1998 ...... 19
Development of a Thin-Film Crystalline-Silicon Solar Cell ...... 46
Title Index 67 Development of High-Performance Transparent Conducting Oxides and Their Impact on the Performance of CdS/CdTe Solar Cells ...... 35
Development of Interim Test Methods and Procedures for Determining the Performance of Small Photovoltaic Systems ...... 42
Development of Monolithic Interconnected, Silicon-Film™ Modules ...... 37
Development of Standardized, Low-Cost AC PV Systems: Final Technical Report, 8 September 1995—30 June 1998 ...... 20
Device Physics of Thin-Film Polycrystalline Cells and Modules: December 6, 1993—March 31, 1998 ...... 20
Direct Evidence of Phosphorus-Defect Complexes in n-Type Amorphous Silicon and Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon ...... 43
Direct Observation of Na and O Impurities at Grain Surfaces of CuInSe2 Thin Films ...... 43
Double Heterostructures for Characterization of Bulk Lifetime and Interface Recombination Velocity in III-V Multijunction Solar Cells ...... 40
Effect and Optimization of CdS/CdTe Interdiffusion on CdTe Electrical Properties and CdS/CdTe Cell Performance ...... 45
Effect of Excitation Frequency on the Performance of Amorphous Silicon Alloy Solar Cells ...... 49
Effect of High-Resistance SnO2 on CdS/CdTe Device Performance ...... 40
Effect of Nitric-Phosphoric Acid Etches on Material Properties and Back-Contact Formation of CdTe-Based Solar Cells ...... 40
Effect of Quantitative Incorporation of Na on Device Properties, Junction Formation, and Microstructure in CuInSe2 Photovoltaic Devices ...... 41
Effective Passivation of the Low Resistivity Silicon Surface by a Rapid Thermal Oxide/PECVD Silicon Nitride Stack and its Application to Passivated Rear and Bifacial Si Solar Cells ...... 45
Effects of CdCl2 Treatment on the Structural and Optical Properties of CdTe Films Deposited by Stacked Elemental Layer Processing ...... 35
Effects of Substrates and Na Concentration on Device Properties, Junction Formation, and Film Microstructure in CuInSe2 PV Devices ...... 41
Eighth Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and Processes: Summary of Discussion Sessions, 17—19 August 1998, Copper Mountain, Colorado ...... 20
Electrical Characterization of CdTe Grain-Boundary Properties from As Processed CdTe Solar Cells ...... 48
Electrical Characterization of Etched Grain-Boundary Properties from As-Processed px-CdTe-Based Solar Cells ...... 21, 48
Electronic Effects of Point Defects in Cu(InxGa1-x)Se2 Devices ...... 44
Electronic Structure, Metastability and Transport Properties of Optimized Amorphous Silicon-Germanium Alloys ...... 34
Emissivity Measurements and Modeling in Silicon—Some Observations ...... 44
Enhancement of Diffusion Length in Multicrystalline Silicon by Extended High Temperature Aluminum Gettering ...... 39
68 Information Resources Catalogue Enhancement of Stable Open Circuit Voltages in a-Si:H p-i-n Solar Cells by High Hydrogen Dilution of the P/I Interface Regions ...... 40
Environmentally Benign Silicon Solar Cell Manufacturing ...... 47
Evaluation of the Charge-Collection Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO2 Solar Cells ...... 45
Excitation Energy Dependence of Photoinduced Absorption in Intrinsic a-Si:H ...... 45
Excitation Intensity Dependence of Light-Induced Electron Spin Resonance in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Films ...... 49
Exploration of GaInTlP and Related Tl-Containing III-V Alloys for Photovoltaics ...... 37
Extending PVSCAN to Meet the Market Needs for High-Speed, Large-Area Scanning ...... 46
Fabrication and Electrical Characterization of 0.55eV N-on-P InGaAs TPV Devices ...... 43
First Monolithic Tandem Photovoltaic-Powered Electrochromic Smart Window ...... 30
Float-Zone Pedestal Growth of Thin Silicon Filaments ...... 34
Fourier Transform Luminescence Spectroscopy of Semiconductor Thin Films and Devices ...... 21
FTIR and FT-PL Spectroscopic Analysis of TPV Materials and Devices ...... 21, 48
Geographical Distribution of the Value of Demand-Side Commercial PV Systems in the United States ...... 43
Ge-Related Faceting and Segregation during the Growth of Metastable (GaAs)1-x(Ge2)x Alloy Layers by Metal-Organic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy ...... 43
Grazing Incidence Measurements of Polarized Electroabsorption and Light Soaking Effect on Amorphous Silicon Based Solar Cells ...... 38
Growth and Characterization of CdS Buffer Layers by CBD and MOCVD ...... 34
Growth and Properties of Micro-Crystalline (Si,Ge):H Films ...... 36
Guide to the Field Performance of c-Si PV Modules ...... 35
H Out-Diffusion and Device Performance in n-ip- Solar Cells Utilizing High Temperature Hot Wire a-Si:H i-Layers ...... 41
H Out-Diffusion and Device Performance in n-i-p Solar Cells Using High Temperature Hot Wire a-Si:H i-Layers ...... 40
High Efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Film Solar Cells Without Intermediate Buffer Layers ...... 44
High Efficiency Low Cost Thin Film Silicon Solar Cell Design and Method for Making ...... 53
High Efficiency Thin-Film Cadmium Telluride Photovoltaic Cells: Final Technical Report, 31 January 1994—31 March 1998 ...... 18
High Minority-Carrier Lifetimes in GaAs Grown on Low-Defect-Density Ge/GeSi/Si Substrates ...... 45
High Throughput Manufacturing of Thin-Film CdTe Photovoltaic Modules: Final Report, 16 November 1993—31 December 1998 ...... 20
High-Performance, 0.6-eV, Ga0.32In0.68As/InAs0.32P0.68 Thermophotovoltaic Converters and Monolithically Interconnected Modules ...... 20, 47
Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition of Poly-Si in Diluted Silane ...... 38
Title Index 69 Hydrogen Collision Model: Quantitative Description of Metastability in Amorphous Silicon ...... 34
Hydrogen Collision Model of the Staebler-Wronski Effect: Microscopics and Kinetics ...... 34
Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Germanium Alloys Grown by the Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique ...... 43
Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Alloyed with Selenium ...... 34
Identifying Electronic Properties Relevant to Improving Stability in a-Si:H- Based Cells and Overall Performance in a-Si,Ge:H-Based Cells ...... 18
Impact of Sodium in the Bulk and in Grain Boundaries of CuInSe2 ...... 37
Impedance Spectroscopy as a Non-Invasive Analytical Method for Monitoring Solar Cell Degradation ...... 42
Improvements in the Performance of a 1-kW Copper Indium Diselenide Array ...... 19, 40
Induced Recrystallization of CdTe Thin Films Deposited by Close-Spaced Sublimation ...... 20, 42
Influence Grain Boundary Diffusion on the Electro-Optical Properties of CdTe/CdS Solar Cells ...... 40
Influence of CdCl2 Treatment on the Electrical and Optical Properties of CdS Thin Film ...... 45
Influence of Charge Effect on the Growth of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon by the Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique ...... 47
Influence of Electrons from the Filament on the Material Properties of Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Grown by the Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique ...... 42
Influence of Plasma Chemistry on the Properties of Amorphous (Si,Ge) Alloy Devices ...... 35
Influence of Plasma Chemistry on the Properties of a-(Si,Ge) Solar Cells ...... 35
Influence of Post-Deposition Treatment on the Physical Properties of CdTe Films Deposited by Stacked Elemental Layer Processing ...... 35
Influence of Processing Conditions on Performance and Stability in Polycrystalline Thin-Film CdTe-Based Solar Cells ...... 41
Innovations in String Ribbon Module Manufacturing ...... 38
Innovative Frameless Module Design ...... 38
Interactions and Reactions at Metal/Self-Assembled Organic Monolayer Interfaces ...... 39
Interdigitated Photovoltaic Power Conversion Device ...... 53
Interface Mechanisms in CIGS Solar Cells ...... 38
Internal Electric Field Profile of a-Si:H and a-SiGe:H Solar Cells ...... 37
Investigation of Collection Efficiencies Much Larger than Unity in a-Si:H p-i-n Structures ...... 41
Investigation of Deep Levels in GaInNAs ...... 18, 33
Investigation of Induced Recrystallization and Stress in Close-Spaced Sublimated and Radio-Frequency Magnetron Sputtered CdTe Thin Films ...... 42
Iron-Gallium Pair Defects in Float-Zoned Silicon ...... 34
70 Information Resources Catalogue Issues in Emissivity of Silicon ...... 33
Junction Formation in CuInSe2-Based Thin-Film Devices ...... 44
Kinetics of Light-Induced Defect Formation and Annealing in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Alloyed with Sulfur ...... 49
Large-Area, High-Intensity PV Arrays for Systems Using Dish Concentrating Optics ...... 48
Large-Signal Injection-Level Spectroscopy of Impurities in Silicon ...... 33
Lasers and Beam Delivery Options for Polycrystalline Thin-Film Scribing ...... 34
Lessons Learned from the NREL Village Power Program ...... 47
Light-Induced Change of Si-H Bond Absorption in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon ...... 49
Light-induced D Diffusion Measurements in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon: Testing H Metastability Models ...... 34
Light-Trapping in a-Si Solar Cells: A Summary of the Results from PV Optics ...... 46
Low Defect Density Microcrystalline-Si Deposited by the Hot Wire Technique ...... 41
Low Temperature Hydrogen Diffusion in Silicon: Influence of Substrate Quality and the Surface Damage . . . .46
Low Temperature Vibrational Properties of Amorphous Silicon ...... 35
Low-Cost Modification for the High-Frequency Raster on the Cameca IMS-3F Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer ...... 44
Manufacturing Improvements in the Photovoltaic Manufacturing Technology (PVMaT) Project ...... 48
Manufacturing Issues for Large Volume Production of Amorphous Silicon Alloy Photovoltaic Modules ...... 37
Manufacturing Technology Development of the Powergrid™ Linear Focus Photovoltaic Concentrator System ...... 39
Market-Driven EFG Modules: Annual Subcontract Report, 14 December 1996—13 February 1998 ...... 19
Market-Driven EFG Modules: Final Report, 14 December 1995—30 June 1999 ...... 19
Material Issues in the Commercialization of Amorphous Silicon Alloy Thin-Film Photovoltaic Technology . . . .37
Measurement of the Tempertaure-Dependent Recombination Lifetimes in Photovoltaic Materials ...... 38
Mechanism of Zn and Si Diffusion from a Highly Doped Tunnel Junction for InGaP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cells ...... 46
Method for Analyzing Series Resistance and Diode Quality Factors from Field Data of Photovoltaic Modules ...... 35
Microcrystalline Silicon n-i-p Solar Cells Deposited Entirely by the Hot-Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique ...... 47
Microstructure of Amorphous-Silicon-Based Solar Cell Materials by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering: Final Subcontract Report, 6 April 1994—30 June 1998 ...... 21
Minority Carrier Diffusion Length Degradation in Silicon: Who is the Culprit? ...... 48
Modeling Emissivity of Rough and Textured Silicon Wafers ...... 46
Module Energy Rating Candidate Reference Days: Criteria and Selection Process ...... 42
Title Index 71 Module Interconnects on Flexible Substrates ...... 48
Molecular Hydrogen in Hot-Wire Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon ...... 40
Monolithic Amorphous Silicon Modules on Continuous Polymer Substrates ...... 34
Monolithically Interconnected Silicon-Film™ Module Technology ...... 36
Morphology and Microstructure of Thin-Film GaAs on Mo Substrates ...... 39
Morphology, Microstructure, and Luminescent Properties of CdS/CdTe Films ...... 33
Nanoparticle Precursors for Electronic Materials ...... 37
Nanoparticle-Based Contacts to CdTe ...... 45
Nanoparticulate Film Precursors to CIS Solar Cells: Spray Deposition of Cu-In-Se Colloids ...... 45
Nanostructure of Hot-Wire-Deposited a-SiGe:H Alloys by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering ...... 48
NCPV FY 1998 Annual Report ...... 13
New Concepts for High-Intensity PV Modules for Use with Dish Concentrator Systems ...... 48
New Directions in Amorphous and Thin Film Silicon Materials and Devices ...... 35
New Encapsulant Material for Photovoltaic Modules ...... 38
New Materials for Future Generations of III-V Solar Cells ...... 37
New Microscopic Model of the Staebler-Wronski Effect in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon ...... 34
New Opportunities in Crystalline Silicon R&D ...... 47
New Technology and Cost Reductions in the Phase 4A2 and 5A2 PVMaT Programs of ASE Americas ...... 39
Next Generation Thin Films for Photovoltaics: InGaAsN ...... 38
Ninth Workshop on Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Materials and Processes: Extended Abstracts and Papers of the Workshop, 9-11 August 1999, Breckenridge, Colorado ...... 20
Nonlinear Dependence of N Incorporation on In Content in GaInNAs ...... 37
Novel “Flat-Plate” PV Concentrator Package ...... 49
Novel Glass-Ceramic Substrates for Thin Film Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells ...... 43
Novel Materials for Photovoltaic Technologies ...... 33
NREL Outdoor Accelerated-Weathering Tracking System and Photovoltaic Module Exposure Results ...... 33
NREL PV Working With Industry, Third Quarter 1998 ...... 13
NREL PV Working With Industry, Second Quarter 1999 ...... 13
NREL PV Working With Industry, First Quarter 1999 ...... 13
Nucleation of p-Type Microcrystalline Silicon on Amorphous Silicon for n-i-p Solar Cells Using B(CH3)3 and BF3 Dopant Source Gases ...... 40
On the Performance Limiting Behavior of Defect Clusters in Commercial Silicon Solar Cells ...... 46
Optical Investigation of GaNAs ...... 39
72 Information Resources Catalogue Optimization of Processing and Modeling Issues for Thin-Film Solar Cell Devices: Annual Report, 3 February 1997—2 February 1998 ...... 18
Overcoming the Efficiency-Limiting Mechanisms in Commercial Si Solar Cells ...... 46
Particulate Contacts to Si and CdTe: Al, Ag, Hg-Cu-Te, and Sb-Te ...... 45
Passivation of Interfaces in High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Devices ...... 19, 40
Performance and Modeling of Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaics for Building-Integrated Applications ...... 19
Performance Losses in Rooftop-Mounted PV Modules from Long-Term Environmental Exposure at Las Cruces, New Mexico ...... 45
Phase Selection in a Mechanically Alloyed Cu-In-Ga-Se Powder Mixture ...... 46
Phase Separation and Facet Formation during the Growth of (GaAs)1-x(Ge2)x Alloy Layers by Metal Organic Vapour Phase Epitaxy ...... 20
Photocharge Transport and Recombination Measurements in Amorphous Silicon Films and Solar Cells by Photoconductive Frequency Mixing: Final Subcontract Report, 13 May 1994—15 January 1998 ...... 18
Photochemical Solar Cells Based on Dye-Sensitization of Nanocrystalline TiO2 ...... 35
Photo-Induced Structure Metastability and the Staebler and Wronski Effect in a-Si:H ...... 37
Photoluminescence Study of Cu Diffusion in CdTe ...... 37
Photovoltaic Cz Silicon Module Improvements: Final Subcontract Report, 9 November 1995—8 November 1998 ...... 19
Photovoltaic Cz Silicon Module Improvements ...... 38
Photovoltaic Devices Comprising Cadmium Stannate Transparent Conducting Films and Method for Making ...... 53
Photovoltaic Energy Program Contract Summary, Fiscal Year 1998 ...... 13
Photovoltaic Energy Program Overview, Fiscal Year 1998 ...... 13
Photovoltaic Industry Survey on Post-Lamination Module Manufacturing ...... 43
Photovoltaic Spectral Responsivity Measurements ...... 36
Photovoltaic Systems: An End-of-Millenium Review ...... 47
Photovoltaics Characterization: A Survey of Diagnostic Measurements ...... 39
Photovoltaics Characterization: An Overview ...... 39
Photovoltaics for Buildings: Key Issues in Pursuit of Market Readiness ...... 38
Physical and Numerical Modeling of Gettering of Precipitated Metallic Impurities in Si ...... 44
Physics of Iron in Silicon: How Much Do We Know After 35 Years of Research? ...... 38
Polycrystalline Thin-Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition: Final Technical Report, 20 March 1995—15 June 1998 ...... 20
PowerGuard® Manufacturing Innovation and Expansion ...... 36
Preparation and Characterization of Micro-Crystalline Hydrogenated Silicon Carbide p-Layers ...... 36
Title Index 73 Preparation of a-Si:H and a-SiGe:H i-Layers for n-i-p Solar Cells at High Deposition Rates Using a Very High Frequency Technique ...... 39
Preparation of a-Si:H and a-SiGe:H n-i-p Cells at High Rates Using a 70 MHz VHF PECVD Technique ...... 39
Procedures for Determining the Performance of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems ...... 19
Process Development for CIGS-Based Thin-Film Photovoltaic Modules: Phase I Technical Report, 5 February 1998—4 February 1999 ...... 18
Process Monitoring in Solar Cell Manufacturing ...... 46
Production of Solar Grade (SoG) Silicon by Refining Molten Metallurgical Grade (MG) Silicon ...... 39
Production of Solar-Grade Silicon by Refining of Liquid Mettalurgical-Grade Silicon ...... 39
Profiling of Cross-Sectional a-Si:H Solar Cells Using a Scanning Tunneling Microscope ...... 33
Progress in Photovoltaic System and Component Improvements ...... 47
Progress in PV Manufacturing Technologies ...... 41
Progress Toward a CdTe Cell Life Prediction ...... 41
Purification of Metallurgical-Grade Silicon by Porous-Silicon Etching ...... 42
PV Cell and Module Performance Measuerment Capabilities at NREL ...... 45
PV Electrification in India and China: The NREL Experience in International Cooperation ...... 46
PV System Testing and Standards ...... 35
PVMaT 1998 Overview ...... 20, 42
R&D Challenges and Opportunities in Si Photovoltaics ...... 45
R&D Issues in Scale-Up and Manufacturing of Amorphous Silicon Tandem Modules ...... 33
Ramakrishna Mission Economic PV Development Initiative ...... 46
Rapid Thermal Processing and Screen-Printing for Low Cost Silicon Solar Cells ...... 44
Recent Developments in High Efficiency Photovoltaic Cells ...... 35
Recombination Lifetime of InxGa1-xAs Alloys Used in Thermophotovoltaic Converters ...... 18, 33
Research on High-Bandgap Materials and Amorphous Silicon-Based Solar Cells: Final Technical Report, 15 May 1994—15 January 1998 ...... 20
Research Opportunities in Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics for the 21st Century ...... 33
Results from Undergraduate PV Projects at Seven Historically Black Colleges and Universities ...... 41
Review of the Field Performance of One Cadmium Telluride Module ...... 35
Review of the Photothermal Stability of EVA Pottants: Effects of Formulation on the Discoloration Rate and Mitigation Methods ...... 43
Scaling and Qualifying CdTe/CdS Module Production ...... 44
Scanning Room-Temperature Photoluminescence in Polycrystalline Silicon ...... 47
74 Information Resources Catalogue Search for Factors Determining the Photodegradation in High-Efficiency a-Si:H-Based Solar Cells: Phase I Annual Technical Progress Report, 16 January 1998—15 January 1999 ...... 19
Silicon Ingot Lifetime Tester for Industrial Use ...... 20, 47
Silicon-Film™ Solar Cells by a Flexible Manufacturing System: Annual Subcontract Report, 16 April 1998—31 January 1999 ...... 18
Silicon-Film™ Solar Cells by a Flexible Manufacturing System ...... 44
Silicon-Film™ Substrates Adapted for Low-Cost GaAs-Based Solar Cells ...... 41
SIMS Characterization of Amorphous Silicon Germanium Alloys Grown by Hot-Wire Deposition ...... 44
Solar Cell Efficiency Tables (Version 13) ...... 37
Spatial Nonuniformities in the Minority-Carrier Diffusion Length/Lifetime: Measurement and Implications on a Large-Area Device Performance ...... 46
Specimen Handling, Preparation, and Treatments in Surface Characterization: Methods of Surface Characterization Series, Volume 4...... 46
Spectral Measurements of Pulse Solar Simulators ...... 18, 34
Spectroscopic Analysis of Impurity Precipitates in CdS Films ...... 48
Stability of CdTe Solar Cells at Elevated Temperatures: Bias, Temperature, and Cu Dependence ...... 38
Status of Polysilicon Feedstock ...... 42
Status Report of Task VII of the IEA Program: PV In Buildings ...... 45
Structural, Defect, and Device Behavior of Hydrogenated Amorphous Si Near and Above the Onset of Microcrystallinity ...... 37
Structure of Ge(100) Surfaces for High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Applications ...... 43
Studies of Heat Treated CSS CdS Films ...... 41
Study of Contacts and Back-Surface Reflectors for 0.6-eV Ga0.32In0.68As/InAs0.32P0.68 Thermophotovoltaic Monolithically Interconnected Modules ...... 21, 48
Study of Sputter Deposition of ITO Films for a-Si:H n-i-p Solar Cells ...... 36
Study of Triple-Junction Amorphous Silicon Alloy Solar Cells ...... 36
SunSine™300: Manufacture of an AC Photovoltaic Module; Final Report, Phases I and II, 25 July 1995—30 June 1998 ...... 19
Surface Analysis of CdTe After Various Pre-Contact Treatments ...... 48
Surface Analytical Study of CuInSe2 Treated in Cd-Containing Partial Electrolyte Solution ...... 18, 33
Surface Science in an MOCVD Environment: Arsenic on Vicinal Ge(100) ...... 42
Synthesis and Processing of a Cu-In-Ga-Se Sputtering Target ...... 46
Temperature-Induced Changes in the Performance of Amorphous Silicon Multi-Junction Modules in Controlled Light-Soaking ...... 35
Thermophotovoltaic Cell Temperature Measurement Issues ...... 20, 42
Title Index 75 Thin Polycrystalline Silicon Films by HWCVD ...... 33
Toward Achieving Efficient III-V Space Cells on Ge/GeSi/Si Wafers ...... 44
Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation and First-Principles Calculation of the Phase Stability in Epitaxial CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2 Films ...... 46
Transparent Conducting Oxides: Status and Opportunities in Basic Research ...... 35
Trapping of Hydrogen at Native Defects ...... 37
Ultra Accelerated Testing of PV Module Components ...... 20, 44
Update on the Million Solar Roofs Initiative ...... 38
Use of Photovoltaics for Rural Electrification in Northwestern China ...... 47
Use of the Effective Heat of Formation Model to Determine Phase Formation Sequences of In-Se, Ga-Se, Cu-Se, and Ga-In Multilayer Thin Films ...... 42
UV-VIS-IR Spectral Responsivity Measurement System for Solar Cells ...... 19, 36
Validation of a Photovoltaic Module Energy Ratings Procedure at NREL ...... 19
Vapor CdCl2—Optimization and Screening Experiments for an All Dry Chloride Treatment of CdS/CdTe Solar Cells ...... 41
Viewpoint: Photovoltaics in Transit to Significant Role ...... 33
Why Do Copper Precipitates Reduce Carrier Lifetimes? ...... 36
Why is the Open-Circuit Voltage of Crystalline Si Solar Cells so Critically Dependent on Emitter- and Base-Doping? ...... 47
Wide-Gap a-SiC:H PV-Powered Electrochromic Window Coating ...... 30
X-Ray Fluorescence as an In-Situ Composition Monitor During CuInxGa1-xSe2 Deposition ...... 36
Solar Energy—Radiation
Calculating the Diffuse Responsivity of Solar Pyranometers ...... 21
Effective Accuracy of Satellite-Derived Hourly Irradiances ...... 49
Optimal Measurement of Surface Shortwave Irradiance Using Current Instrumentation ...... 49
Production of the Weather Year for Energy Calculations Version 2 (WYEC2) Data Sets ...... 49
Silicon Cell Pyranometers: The Cost of Accuracy ...... 49
Solar Energy—Thermal
Characterization of Alternative Hybrid Solar Thermal Electric Systems ...... 21
Characterization of Alternative Hybrid Power Tower Systems ...... 50
Creation of a Comprehensive Solar Water Heater Deployment Strategy ...... 21
Financing Solar Thermal Power Plants ...... 21, 50
Flux Mapping Using Transmitting Lambertian Targets ...... 50
76 Information Resources Catalogue Heliostat Manufacturing for Near-Term Markets: Phase II Final Report ...... 21
Method and Apparatus for High-Efficiency Direct Contact Condensation ...... 53
Parabolic-Trough Solar Power for Competitive U.S. Markets ...... 21, 50
Parabolic-Trough Technology Roadmap: A Pathway for Sustained Commercial Development and Deployment of Parabolic-Trough Technology ...... 21
Performance History and Future Costs of Parabolic-Trough Solar Electric Systems ...... 49
Potential for Low Cost Electricity from Concentrating Solar Power Systems ...... 21
Report on Pool Heating Quantitative Survey: August 1998—December 1998 ...... 21
Solar Two Performance Evaluation ...... 21
Solar Two Performance Evaluation Methodology ...... 21, 49
Solid State Spectroscopy
Alloy Ordering in GaInP Alloys: A Cross-Sectional Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study ...... 50
Effects of Excitons on Solar Cells ...... 50
Electrochromic Mechanism in a-WO3-y Thin Films ...... 50
Electronic and Optical Properties of Periodically Stacked Orientational Domains in CuPt-Ordered GaInP2 . . . .50
Electroreflectance Measurements of Electric Fields in Ordered GaInP2 ...... 50
Excitons and Recombination in Photovoltaic Materials ...... 50
Laterally Modulated Composition Profiles in AlAs/InAs Short-Period Superlattices ...... 50
Phonon Signatures of Spontaneous CuPt Ordering in Ga0.47In0.53As/InP ...... 50
Photoluminescence Up-Conversion in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs Heterostructures ...... 50
Raman Spectroscopic Studies of Electrochromic a-WO3 ...... 50
Scaling of Exciton Binding Energy and Virial Theorem in Semiconductor Quantum Wells and Wires ...... 50
Spatially Resolved Photoluminescence in Partially Ordered GaInP2 ...... 50
Spontaneous Lateral Composition Modulation in InAlAs and InGaAs Short-Period Superlattices ...... 50
Strain-Dependent Morphology of Spontaneous Lateral Composition Modulations in (AlAs)m(InAs)n Short Period Superlattices Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy ...... 50
X-Ray Diffraction and Excitation Photoluminescence Analysis of Ordered GaInP ...... 50
Solid State Theory
Band Structure and Stability of Zinc-Blende-Based Semiconductor Polytypes ...... 51
Effects of Na on the Electrical and Structural Properties of CuInSe2 ...... 51
Electronic Consequences of Lateral Composition Modulation in Semiconductor Alloys ...... 51
Electronic Structures of [110]-Faceted Self-Assembled Pyramidal InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots ...... 51
Title Index 77 Elements of Doping Engineering in Semiconductors ...... 51
Excitonic Exchange Splitting in Bulk Semiconductors ...... 51
Fitting of Accurate Interatomic Pair Potentials for Bulk Metallic Alloys Using Unrelaxed LDA Energies ...... 50
How to Describe the Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Quantum Dots ...... 51
InAs Quantum Dots: Predicted Electronic Structure of Free-Standing versus GaAs-Embedded Structures ...... 51
Indirect Band Gaps in Quantum Dots Made from Direct-Gap Bulk Materials ...... 51
Linear Combination of Bulk Bands Method for Large-Scale Electronic Structure Calculations on Strained Nanostructures ...... 51
Magnetic Destabilization of Ni7Al ...... 51
Many-Body Pseudopotential Theory of Excitons in InP and CdSe Quantum Dots ...... 51
Multiband Coupling and Electronic Structure of (InAs)n/(GaSb)n Superlattices ...... 51
Phonons in GaP Quantum Dots ...... 51
P-P and As-As Isovalent Impurity Pairs in GaN: Interaction of Deep t2 Levels ...... 51
Predicted Bond Length Variation in Wurtzite and Zinc-Blende InGaN and AlGaN Alloys ...... 51
Resonant Hole Localization and Anomalous Optical Bowing in InGaN Alloys ...... 50
Short-Range versus Long-Range Electron-Hole Exchange Interactions in Semiconductor Quantum Dots ...... 51
Spin Polarization of Photoelectrons from Ordered Semiconductor Alloys ...... 51
Theory of Systematic Absence of NaCl-Type (beta-Sn–Type) High Pressure Phases in Covalent (Ionic) Semiconductors ...... 51
Superconductivity
Electroless Deposition of Cu-In-Ga-Se Thin Films ...... 51
First True Inorganic Fullerenes? ...... 52
Magnetoresistivity Measurements of Tl1Ba2Ca2Cu3Ox (Tl-1223) High Temperature Superconductor Films Synthesized via an Electrodeposited Precursor ...... 51
Superconducting Epitaxial (TlBi)0.9Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3Ag0.2Ox Film from an Electrodeposited Precursor ...... 51
Superconducting Thallium Oxide Films by Electrodeposition Method ...... 51
Vertical Two Chamber Reaction Furnace ...... 53
Transportation
Additional Development of a Dedicated Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV) . . .22
ADVISOR 2.0: A Second-Generation Advanced Vehicle Simulator for Systems Analysis ...... 22
ADVISOR 2.1: A User-Friendly Advanced Powertrain Simulation Using a Combined Backward/Forward Approach ...... 52
Alternative Fuel News: Official Publication of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Clean Cities Network and the Alternative Fuels Data Center; Vol. 2, No. 4 ...... 14
78 Information Resources Catalogue Alternative Fuel News: Official Publication of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Clean Cities Network and the Alternative Fuels Data Center; Vol. 2, No. 5 ...... 14
Alternative Fuel News: Official Publication of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Clean Cities Network and the Alternative Fuels Data Center; Vol. 2, No. 6 ...... 14
Alternative Fuels News: Official Publication of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Clean Cities Network and the Alternative Fuels Data Center; Vol. 3, No. 1 ...... 14
Alternative Fuel News: Official Publication of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Clean Cities Network and the Alternative Fuels Data Center; Vol. 3, No. 2 ...... 14
Alternative Fuel Vehicle Fleet Buyer’s Guide ...... 52
Assessment of Nontailpipe Hydrocarbon Emissions from Motor Vehicles ...... 52
Barwood Cab Fleet Study Summary ...... 14
CALGRID Photochemical Modeling of Air Quality Impacts of Alternative Transportation Fuel Use in Los Angeles ...... 22
Cummins Engine Company B5.9 Propane Engine Development, Certification, and Demonstration Project: February 1997—June 1998 ...... 22
Dedicated CNG Ford F250 Pickup ...... 14
Denver SuperShuttle CNG Fleet Evaluation ...... 14
Development of LNG-Powered Heavy-Duty Trucks in Commercial Hauling ...... 22
Emissions from Trucks Using Fischer-Tropsch Diesel Fuel ...... 52
Experience with Bi-Fuel LPG Pickups in Texas ...... 14
Final Results from the State of Ohio Ethanol-Fueled Light-Duty Fleet Deployment Project ...... 52
Ford Taurus Ethanol-Fueled Sedan ...... 15
Guide to Alternative Fuel Vehicles Incentives & Laws ...... 15
Interim Results from Alternative Fuel Truck Evaluation Project ...... 52
Methylal and Methylal-Diesel Blended Fuels for Use in Compression-Ignition Engines ...... 52
Ohio’s First Ethanol-Fueled Light-Duty Fleet ...... 15
Ohio’s First Ethanol-Fueled Light-Duty Fleet: Final Study Results ...... 22
Opportunities to Reduce Air-Conditioning Loads through Lower Cabin Soak Temperatures ...... 22
Particulate Measurements and Emissions Characterization of Alternative Fuel Vehicle Exhaust ...... 22
Perspectives on AFVs: State and City Government Fleet Driver Survey ...... 22
Real-World Vehicle Emissions: A Summary of the Eighth Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop ...... 52
Reduction in Vehicle Emissions Attributable to Alternative Transportation Fuels and Its Prospective Impact on Air Quality and Public Health ...... 52
Speciation of Organic By-Products from the Thermal Decomposition of Alternative Automotive Fuels ...... 52
Title Index 79 Starting Smart: Lessons Learned in the Launch of SuperShuttle’s Denver CNG Fleet ...... 52
SULEV and “Off-Cycle” Emissions Benefits of a Vacuum-Insulated Catalytic Converter ...... 52
Texas Bi-Fuel Liquefied Petroleum Gas Pickup Study: Final Report ...... 22
UPS Delivers with Alternative Fuels ...... 15
Utilizing LNG as a Fuel in Heavy-Duty Tractors ...... 22
Waste Management’s LNG Truck Fleet: Startup Experience ...... 15
Utilities
Biomass Gasification: A Growing Business ...... 27
Choices for a Brighter Future: Perspectives on Renewable Energy ...... 15
Grappling with Change: The South African Electricity Supply Industry ...... 22
Green Power Marketing in Retail Competition: An Early Assessment ...... 22
Independent System Operators and Biomass Power ...... 22
Information Brief on Green Power Marketing, Fourth Edition ...... 22
Summary of the Third National Conference: Selling Green Power in Competitive Markets ...... 30
Willingness to Pay for Renewable Electricity: A Review of Utility Market Research ...... 22
Village Power
Energia Renovable para Centros de Salud Rurales ...... 15
Renewable Energy for Rural Health Clinics ...... 15
Village Power ‘98: Scaling Up Electricity Access for Sustainable Rural Development (CD-ROM) Proceedings of the Village Power ‘98 Conference, 6-8 October 1998, Washington, DC...... 52
Wind Energy
Analysis and Tests of Pultruded Blades for Wind Turbine Rotors ...... 22
Avian Risk and Fatality Protocol ...... 23
Blade Design Trade-Offs Using Low-Lift Airfoils for Stall-Regulated HAWTS ...... 23
Case for Including Atmospheric Thermodynamic Variables in Wind Turbine Fatigue Loading Parameter Identification ...... 23
Choosing Wind Power Plant Locations and Sizes Based on Electric Reliability Measures Using Multiple-Year Wind Speed Measurements ...... 23
Code Development for Control Design Applications, Phase I: Structural Modeling ...... 22
Control Method for Improved Energy Capture Below Rated Power ...... 23
Conversion of Phase II Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment Data to Common Format ...... 23
Design of a Tapered and Twisted Blade for the NREL Combined Experiment Rotor, March 1998—March 1999 ...... 23
80 Information Resources Catalogue Dominican Republic Wind Energy Resource Atlas Development ...... 23
Effects of Grit Roughness and Pitch Oscillations on the S812 Airfoil ...... 24
Evaluation of Optimal Distribution of Wind Power Facilities in Iowa for 2015 ...... 23
Fatigue of Composite Material Beam Elements Representative of Wind Turbine Blade Substructure ...... 23
Feasibility of Hybrid Retrofits to Off-Grid Diesel Power Plants in the Philippines ...... 22
GPP Version 6 User’s Guide: A General-Purpose Postprocessor for Wind Turbine Data Analysis ...... 22
Hawaii Zuteck Rotor Project: Compilation of Project Reports ...... 24
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Aerodynamics: Three-Dimensional, Unsteady and Separated Flow Influences ...... 24
Hybrid Power Systems with Diesel and Wind Turbine Generation ...... 52
Implementation of a Two-Axis Servo-Hydraulic System for Full- Scale Fatigue Testing of Wind Turbine Blades ...... 23
Measurement of Truck Cab Flow in Support of Wind Turbine Testing ...... 23
Modal Testing of Advanced Wind Turbine Systems ...... 23
New Wind Energy Technologies are Cost-Effective in Federal Applications ...... 16
Non-Linear and Linear Model Based Controller Design for Variable-Speed Wind Turbines ...... 23
On the Use of Reanalysis Data for Wind Resource Assessment ...... 24
Operating Modes of a Teetered-Rotor Wind Turbine ...... 22
Performance and Economics of a Wind-Diesel Hybrid Energy System: Naval Air Landing Field, San Clemente Island, California ...... 23
Population Study of Golden Eagles in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area: Population Trend Analysis, 1994-1997 ...... 24
Power Flow Management in a High Penetration Wind-Diesel Hybrid Power System with Short-Term Energy Storage ...... 23
Predicting Ultimate Loads for Wind Turbine Design ...... 23
Progress Report on the Characterization and Modeling of a Very Flexible Wind Turbine Design ...... 23
Short-Term Power Fluctuation of Wind Turbines: Analyzing Data from the German 250-MW Measurement Program from the Ancillary Services Viewpoint ...... 23
Small Wind Turbine Testing and Applications Development ...... 22
Software Quality-Control Guidelines for Codes Developed for the NWTC ...... 22
Some Analyses of Energy Production from the NWTC Variable Speed Test Bed ...... 22
Status of the U.S. Department of Energy/National Renewable Energy Laboratory Avian Research Program . . .24
Trends in the Evolution of Wind Turbine Generator Configurations and Systems ...... 52
Unsteady Aerodynamics Experiment Phases II-IV: Test Configurations and Available Data Campaigns ...... 24
U.S. Department of Energy Wind Turbine Development Projects ...... 23
Title Index 81 Use of Reanalysis Data for Wind Resource Assessment at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory ...... 24
Validation of a Model for a Two-Bladed Flexible Rotor System: Progress to Date ...... 24
Web Publishing of Expert Group Study on Recommended Practices for Wind Turbine Testing and Evaluation 9. Lightning Protection for Wind Turbine Installations ...... 23
What is Happening with Independent System Operators? ...... 24
Wind Conditions for Wind Turbine Design Proposals for Revision of the IEC 1400-1 Standard ...... 52
Wind Energy in the United States: Market and Research Update ...... 23
Wind Power Today: 1998 Wind Energy Program Highlights ...... 16
Wind Resource Estimation and Mapping at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory ...... 24
Wind (Turbine) Power Quality Test for Comparison of Power Quality Standards ...... 23
82 Information Resources Catalogue About the Catalogue
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s (NREL) sixth annual Information Resources Catalogue can help keep you up-to-date on the research, development, opportunities, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory available technologies in energy efficiency and renewable energy. The catalogue includes 1617 Cole Boulevard five main sections with entries grouped according to subject area. Golden, Colorado 80401-3393
Most of the publications in this catalogue—and many others on energy efficiency and NREL is a U.S. Department of Energy National Laboratory renewable energy—can be found on Web sites developed and/or maintained by NREL. The first Operated by Midwest Research Institute ¥ Battelle ¥ Bechtel section provides a listing of these “Internet Resources,” which is especially helpful if you’d like to NREL/BK-310-27838 access information quickly. You can also access the latest information using these resources. March 2000 A good place to start a search for information is on NREL’s Publications Database at www.nrel.gov/publications/.
The second section provides concise descriptions of the “General Interest Publications” produced by NREL during its 1999 fiscal year. These publications highlight the advances in energy NOTICE: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States efficiency and renewable energy technologies, as well as the NREL and U.S. Department of Energy government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes (DOE) programs that encourage their advancement and use. any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its The last three sections in the catalogue—“Technical Reports,” “Conference Papers, Journal use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any Articles, Book Chapters,” and “Patents”—can help the research community and industry stay specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its updated on the latest innovations from NREL’s labs. endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors We hope you find this catalogue useful and informative. expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof.
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