DOCSLIB.ORG

Rfe/Ri. Inc. Broadcast Archive Daily

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rfe/Ri. Inc. Broadcast Archive Daily RFE/RI. INC. DAILY BROADCAT RL- QuAci-ct,v) BROADCAST ARCHIVE ANALYSES 9g6 ickA4 a JAN vAK/ RADIO FREE EUROPE RADIO UBERTY RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS RUSSIAN SERVICE (For a summary of the news coverage used by the Russian Service please see the end of the DBA.) (An * next to a program indicates designated for translation.) Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis Wednesday, 1 January 1986 D. Felton A. USSR TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL: 1. Soviet-US Relations. STARTING THE DAY (Voznesenskaya, M 5) recalled the case of American schoolgirl Samantha Smith, who was invited to the USSR after having written a letter to the Kremlin asking why the Soviet leaders were threatening the world with war and who was killed last August in an air crash. The program spoke of a propaganda maneuver by the USSR, and said that while she might have been a source of irritation upon returning home, like other pacifists in the West she was not subjected to any persecution, in contrast to pacifists in such countries as the USSR and the GDR. Commenting on an article in Pionengmya Pravda suggesting that the air crash could have been the work of "enemies" who saw Samantha Smith as an "agent of Moscow," the program said the international declaration of children's rights describes instilling in children a hatred of other peoples as a crime and cited the Bible that those whom miskod children should have a millstone tied around their neck and be thrown into the sea. 2. Dissidents and Human Rights. In HUMAN RIGHTS (Alexeyeva, NY 20), a RERUN from December 26, veteran human rights activist Lyudmila Alexeyeva commented on the deteriorating human rights situation in the USSR in 1985. DOCUMENTS AND PEOPLE (Fedoseyeva, M 1 and Alexeyeva, NY 19) recalled some of the samizdat documents appearing in 1985 concerning social and political topics, as well as human rights violations. Reference was also made to the publication of religious samizdat. 2 3. The Economy. RADIO JOURNAL ON THE SOVIET UNION (Roitman, Kroncher, and Chianurov, M 20), a RERUN from December 25, consisted of a round-table discussion of the USSR's economic performance in 1985. The discussants, observed that hopes of serious economic reforms under Gorbachev have so far failed to materialize, that the agricultural situation remains unchanged, and that there was a certain improvement in the housing sector. 4. Culture. RUSSIA YESTERDAY, TODAY, TOMORROW (V1. Tolz, M 29) gave a recording of a paper delivered by Prof. German Yermolayev of Princeton University at the Third World Congress on the Study of the USSR and Eastern Europe on the treatment of the subject of terror under the Bolsheviks in Soviet writer Yury Trifonov's novel The Old Man. SPECIAL FEATURE (Matusevich, L 29) presented a review of the Soviet cinema scene in 1985. The program said excellent films were the exception, giving as an example the showing of Sergey Paradzhanov's films "The Color of a Pomegranate" from 1969 at the Moscow Film Festival, as well as his "Legend of the Suram Fortress." -The program gave negative reviews of Elem Klimov's overdrawn "Go and See," about the Nazis, and the neo-Stalinist"Victory," but noted signs at the end of the year of an abatement of the neo-Stalinist trend and concluded by citing Soviet press criticism of stagnation in the Soviet cinema. FROM THE OTHER SHORE (Henkina, M 27) featured the 10th and final installment of the late Russian opera singer Fedor Shalyapin's memoirs entitled The Mask and the Soul, published in Paris in 1932 and serialized in the Russian emigre journal Vremya In the version published in the USSR, chapters were expurgated in which Shalyapin expressed his attitude to the Soviet regime in no uncertain terms. 5. Religion. THE WAY AND THE LIFE (Benigsen, NY RERUN from 9), a May 22, included an item on the liturgy of St. Basil the Great. 6. A New Year's Greeting by RL Employees. CULTURE, FATES, TIME (Perouansky, M 2:30; Axenov, W 5:30; Gladilin and Nekrasov, P 5:30; Voynovich, M 4:30; Dovlatov, NY 2:30; and Glikman, M 2) featured New Year's greetings to RL's listeners by Soviet emigre cultural persona- lities on the RL staff. Vasily Axenov spoke of the end of a "sclerotic" period in the USSR and the hopes of the Soviet population for something new. As regards Gorbachev's anti-alcoholism campaign, Axenov suggested that it would be better to fight for more moderate drinking habits rather than against alcohol consumption as such. Commenting on Yevtushenko's exhortation to rest from Soviet emigre hands the possibility of bad-mouthing the USSR, Axenov pointed to the suppression of information in the USSR itself. Anatoly Gladilin invited listeners to dream of the possibility of freely travelling abroad and returning. Viktor Nekrasov proposed a New Year's toast. Vladimir Voynovich remarked that he will see the New Year in with "Gorbatschow" vodka and said that while at the turn of the year the Soviet citizen thinks of the new tasks facing him, the previous goals set by the party were unrealistic. 3 Sergey Dovlatov addressed New Year's greetings to his friends in Leningrad: specifically his literary friends Mikhail Meylakh, Konstantin Azadovsky, and Oleg Okhapkin, and said that as long as they are repressed, an improvment in the world political climate in the wake of the Reagan-Gorbachev summit will have no meaning for him. Finally, artist and sculptor Gavriil Glikman expressed the hope that someone, somewhere has been listening to his recollections and said that God is the only hope for saving Russia. B. CROSS -REPORTING AND OTHER TOPICS OF COMMUNIST AFFAIRS: None C. msrnmArmtmL POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC TOPICS: 1. France. In SPECIAL FEATURE (Mirsky, Salkazanova, and Gladilin, P 29) RL's Paris correspondents reviewed major events in France in 1985, focusing, particularly, on Gorbachev's visit (the French were impervious to Gorbachev's efforts to charm them); the demons- trations and meetings preceding the visit in defense of human rights in the USSR; Jaruzelski's visit (a scandal); the dwindling power of the socialists; the growing strength of the National Front; the Rainbow Warrior incident; France's economic successes; the Eureka and Hermes space projects; Soviet espionage activities; terrorist acts; Soviet protests against French TV programs on Sakharov, Afghanistan, etc.; the deaths of Simone Signoret and Marc Chagall; the showing of Tarkovsky's latest film; and Lyubimov's staging of Dostoevsky's Devils. D. CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND SCIENTIFIC TOPICS OF NON-COMMUNIST COUNTRIES: 1. Religion. THE WAY AND THE LIFE (Aksenov-Meyerson, NY 8:30), a RERUN from May 22, continued an introduction to the Christian faith with a program on Christ's church. THE WAY AND THE LIFE (Kulomzina, NY 10), a RERUN from May 22, featured a talk for parents on how to explain to their children the mystery of the Holy Trinity. There was no WORLD TODAY nd/SL NEWS COVERAGE ALL RFE SERVICES AND RL/NS CARRIED THESE ITEMS IN THEIR NEWSCASTS OF 1 JANUARY 1986: RONALD REAGAN AND MIKHAIL GORBACHEV HAVE TOLD EACH OTHER'S PEOPLE THEY WANT PEACE AND THE END OF DISTRUST IN US-SOVIET RELATIONS. LIBYAN LEADER GADDAFI SAYS ANY ATTACK ON LIBYA IN RETALIATION FOR THE ROME AND VIENNA AIRPORT ATTACKS WOULD SPARK WAR IN THE MIDDLE EAST. THE SOVIET-BACKED GOVERNMENT IN AFGHANISTAN HAS INFORMALLY PRESENTED A TIMETABLE FOR THE WITHDRAWAL OF SOVIET TROOPS. LEBANESE PRESIDENT GEMAYEL IS TO TRAVEL TO DAMASCUS FOR TALKS ON A SYRIAN-BACKED AGREEMENT TO END LEBANON'S 10-YEAR-OLD CIVIL WAR. VIOLENCE IN SOUTH AFRICA CONTINUES TO CLAIM LIVES. SPAIN AND PORTUGAL HAVE JOINED THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY. CZECHOSLOVAK ICE HOCKEY STAR MIROSLAV IHNACAK HAS DEFECTED TO THE WEST AND PLANS TO JOIN HIS BROTHER PLAYING IN CANADA. BOMB EXPLODED OUTSIDE THE BULGARIAN NATIONAL TOURIST AGENCY IN AMSTERDAM, INJURING A PASSER-BY AND SHATTERING THE OFFICE WINDOW. RADIO FREE EUROPE RADIO UBERTY RADIO LIBERTY DAILY BROADCAST ANALYSIS RUSSIAN SERVICE (For a summary of the news coverage used by the Russian Service please see the end of the DBA.) (An * next to a program indicates designated for translation.) S Russian Daily Broadcast Analysis for Thursday, 2 January 1986 D. Felton and E. Romano A. SOVIET TOPICS -- POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL: 1. Soviet-US Relations. PANORAMA (Matusevich, L 5), commenting on the exchange of New Year messages between President Reagan and Gorbachev, spoke of the refreshing absence of anti-American rhetoric in Gorbachev's message, although this does not mean that Soviet media have been freed of anti -Americanism. Foreign correspondents in Moscow were quoted on the positive impression made by President Reagan on Soviet viewers. Walker of The Guardian was quoted that while Gorbachev has given the Soviet people a greater feeling of security, they now expect improvements in their daily lives. PANORAMA (Tarasenkov, W 4:30) reviewed US comments on the exchange of New Year's messages between President Reagan and Gorbachev. The program cited US newspaper commentators that the exchange was a hopeful beginning to the New Year, President Reagan's statement in Palm Springs on the exchange being a continuation of the Geneva dialogue, and White House officials' positive appraisal of Gorbachev's message as constructive in both tone and content. Special reference was also made to President Reagan's expression of hope in his message that both superpowers could liquidate all their offensive weapons and rely entirely on defensive ones. PANORAMA (Mirsky, P 4:30) cited commentaries on the exchange of New Year's messages between President Reagan and Gorbachev in Le Matin de Paris, Le Quotidien de Paris, and Le Figaro.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Helsinki Watch Committees in the Soviet Republics: Implications For
    FINAL REPORT T O NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR SOVIET AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARC H TITLE : HELSINKI WATCH COMMITTEES IN THE SOVIET REPUBLICS : IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SOVIET NATIONALITY QUESTIO N AUTHORS : Yaroslav Bilinsky Tönu Parming CONTRACTOR : University of Delawar e PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS : Yaroslav Bilinsky, Project Director an d Co-Principal Investigato r Tönu Parming, Co-Principal Investigato r COUNCIL CONTRACT NUMBER : 621- 9 The work leading to this report was supported in whole or in part fro m funds provided by the National Council for Soviet and East European Research . NOTICE OF INTENTION TO APPLY FOR COPYRIGH T This work has been requested for manuscrip t review for publication . It is not to be quote d without express written permission by the authors , who hereby reserve all the rights herein . Th e contractual exception to this is as follows : The [US] Government will have th e right to publish or release Fina l Reports, but only in same forma t in which such Final Reports ar e delivered to it by the Council . Th e Government will not have the righ t to authorize others to publish suc h Final Reports without the consent o f the authors, and the individua l researchers will have the right t o apply for and obtain copyright o n any work products which may b e derived from work funded by th e Council under this Contract . ii EXEC 1 Overall Executive Summary HELSINKI WATCH COMMITTEES IN THE SOVIET REPUBLICS : IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SOVIET NATIONALITY QUESTION by Yaroslav Bilinsky, University of Delawar e d Tönu Parming, University of Marylan August 1, 1975, after more than two years of intensive negotiations, 35 Head s of Governments--President Ford of the United States, Prime Minister Trudeau of Canada , Secretary-General Brezhnev of the USSR, and the Chief Executives of 32 othe r European States--signed the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperatio n in Europe (CSCE) .
    [Show full text]
  • Juliana Geran Pilon Education
    JULIANA GERAN PILON [email protected] Dr. Juliana Geran Pilon is Research Professor of Politics and Culture and Earhart Fellow at the Institute of World Politics. For the previous two years, she taught in the Political Science Department at St. Mary’s College of Maryland. From January 1991 to October 2002, she was first Director of Programs, Vice President for Programs, and finally Senior Advisor for Civil Society at the International Foundation for Election Systems (IFES), after three years at the National Forum Foundation, a non-profit institution that focused on foreign policy issues - now part of Freedom House - where she was first Executive Director and then Vice President. At NFF, she assisted in creating a network of several hundred young political activists in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. For the past thirteen years she has also taught at Johns Hopkins University, the Institute of World Politics, George Washington University, and the Institute of World Politics. From 1981 to 1988, she was a Senior Policy Analyst at the Heritage Foundation, writing on the United Nations, Soviet active measures, terrorism, East-West trade, and other international issues. In 1991, she received an Earhart Foundation fellowship for her second book, The Bloody Flag: Post-Communist Nationalism in Eastern Europe -- Spotlight on Romania, published by Transaction, Rutgers University Press. Her autobiographical book Notes From the Other Side of Night was published by Regnery/Gateway, Inc. in 1979, and translated into Romanian in 1993, where it was published by Editura de Vest. A paperback edition appeared in the U.S. in May 1994, published by the University Press of America.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ukrainian Weekly 2007, No.49
    www.ukrweekly.com INSIDE: • “Song of Ukraine” heard in California — page 12. • Jack Palance remembered in New York — page 13. • “Holodomor Through the Eyes of Ukrainian Artists” — page 17. HE KRAINIAN EEKLY T PublishedU by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profitW association Vol. LXXV No. 49 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, DECEMBER 9, 2007 $1/$2 in Ukraine At emergency meeting, Democratic coalition succeeds in electing Yatsenyuk as Rada chair by Zenon Zawada Ukraine’s elite decries Kyiv Press Bureau KYIV – The newly formed Democratic sorry state of cultural life Forces Coalition on December 4 elected Arseniy Yatsenyuk as the Verkhovna by Zenon Zawada Rada’s new chairman. The 33-year-old is Kyiv Press Bureau known as an independent politician widely KYIV – A tour guide in Ukraine’s expected to neutralize the polarized capital, Tetiana Nechai comes across Parliament and establish compromise daily evidence of Ukraine’s historical between the pro-Western and Russian-ori- inheritance under threat. ented forces. She discovered that an underground Although elected as part of the pro- gym built next to the 11th century St. presidential Our Ukraine – People’s Self- Sophia Cathedral – the center of Defense bloc, Mr. Yatsenyuk is a pragmat- Ukrainian Orthodoxy, actually extends ic centrist with considerable experience in underneath its walls. working with Ukraine’s Russian-oriented “And every day 200 cars safely drive politicians. in and out of an underground garage “President Yushchenko suggested under the walls of St. Sophia Cathedral,” Yatsenyuk himself, knowing he is not she said, addressing what she called politically compromised,” said Kyiv’s cultural ruination.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Russian Literaturepart I Russian Literature: Background, Foreground, Creative Cognition
    The Mythopoetic “Vectors” of Russian LiteraturePART I Russian Literature: Background, Foreground, Creative Cognition Chapter 1 The Mythopoetic “Vectors” of 27. Russian Literature1 Any national literature is to some significant extent a mirror held up to its people’s collective countenance: its myths, aspirations, national triumphs and traumas, current ideologies, historical understanding, lin guistic tra- ditions. But it is also more than that — more than a reflection in the glass of what has come before and what is now, even as one glances into it, passing from view. It is, in a real sense, generative of new meaning, and thus capable of shaping that countenance in the future. For the society that takes its literary products seriously, the text of a novel or poem can be a kind of genetic code2 for predicting, not concrete outcomes or actual progeny, but something no less pregnant with future action: the forms of a culture’s historical imagination. The variations seem limitless, and yet how is it we are able to determine any given work of literature is clearly identifiable as Russian? Why could Flaubert’s Emma Bovary in some sense not be imagin- ed by the great realist who created Anna Karenina? How is Dostoevsky’s 1 Originally appeared 2 See Chapter 4 in Part 1 as part 1 of the essay/chapter of the present volume with its “Russian Literature,” in Cambridge discussion of how genes and Companion to Modern Russian “memes” work together to create Culture, ed. Nicholas Rzhevsky an individual’s and a culture’s (Cambridge: Cambridge University views of itself.
    [Show full text]
  • Documento Scaricato Dal Sito Mininterno.Net - Il Portale Per La Preparazione Ai Concorsi Pubblici - Esercitati GRATIS On-Line! N
    N. Domanda A B C D 1 Dove si trova il Darfur, regione in cui Somalia Uganda Sudan Eritrea nel 2003 è iniziato un drammatico conflitto? 2 A quale partito è appartenuto Oscar Partito Repubblicano Partito Socialista Partito Democratico Democrazia Cristiana Luigi Scalfaro? 3 Quale dei seguenti politici italiani è Gianni Letta Raffaele Fitto Graziano Delrio Filippo Patroni Griffi stato sottosegretario alla Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, nei governi Berlusconi? 4 Il 6/1/1980 venne ucciso dalla mafia Presidente della Presidente della Segretario della Sindaco di Palermo Piersanti Mattarella: quale carica Commissione Regione Siciliana Democrazia Cristiana ricopriva? antimafia 5 Alla storia recente di quale paese è Messico Bolivia Venezuela Colombia legata principalmente la figura di Hugo Chavez? 6 Alla storia recente di quale paese è Bielorussia Georgia Russia Ucraina legata principalmente la figura di Julija Tymosenko? 7 Quale incarico ha ricoperto Emma Ministro per gli affari Ministro degli esteri Vicepresidente del Ministro per i rapporti Bonino nel governo Letta europei Consiglio col Parlamento (2013-2014)? 8 Alla storia recente di quale paese è Costa Rica Messico Cuba Venezuela legata principalmente la figura del "subcomandante Marcos"? 9 Nel 2012 è sorta fra Italia e India una La MCS Melody La Exxon Valdez L'Enrica Lexie La Sirius Star controversia internazionale in merito all'arresto di due marò italiani imbarcati, come nuclei militari di protezione, a bordo di quale nave? 10 Quale carica ha ricoperto Yanis Ministro delle finanze
    [Show full text]
  • Sculptor Nina Slobodinskaya (1898-1984)
    1 de 2 SCULPTOR NINA SLOBODINSKAYA (1898-1984). LIFE AND SEARCH OF CREATIVE BOUNDARIES IN THE SOVIET EPOCH Anastasia GNEZDILOVA Dipòsit legal: Gi. 2081-2016 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/334701 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ca Aquesta obra està subjecta a una llicència Creative Commons Reconeixement Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution licence TESI DOCTORAL Sculptor Nina Slobodinskaya (1898 -1984) Life and Search of Creative Boundaries in the Soviet Epoch Anastasia Gnezdilova 2015 TESI DOCTORAL Sculptor Nina Slobodinskaya (1898-1984) Life and Search of Creative Boundaries in the Soviet Epoch Anastasia Gnezdilova 2015 Programa de doctorat: Ciències humanes I de la cultura Dirigida per: Dra. Maria-Josep Balsach i Peig Memòria presentada per optar al títol de doctora per la Universitat de Girona 1 2 Acknowledgments First of all I would like to thank my scientific tutor Maria-Josep Balsach I Peig, who inspired and encouraged me to work on subject which truly interested me, but I did not dare considering to work on it, although it was most actual, despite all seeming difficulties. Her invaluable support and wise and unfailing guiadance throughthout all work periods were crucial as returned hope and belief in proper forces in moments of despair and finally to bring my study to a conclusion. My research would not be realized without constant sacrifices, enormous patience, encouragement and understanding, moral support, good advices, and faith in me of all my family: my husband Daniel, my parents Andrey and Tamara, my ount Liubov, my children Iaroslav and Maria, my parents-in-law Francesc and Maria –Antonia, and my sister-in-law Silvia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cases of Venedikt Erofeev, Kurt Vonnegut, and Victor Pelevin
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Scholarship@Western Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 8-21-2012 12:00 AM Burying Dystopia: the Cases of Venedikt Erofeev, Kurt Vonnegut, and Victor Pelevin Natalya Domina The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Professor Calin-Andrei Mihailescu The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Comparative Literature A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Master of Arts © Natalya Domina 2012 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Comparative Literature Commons Recommended Citation Domina, Natalya, "Burying Dystopia: the Cases of Venedikt Erofeev, Kurt Vonnegut, and Victor Pelevin" (2012). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 834. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/834 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BURYING DYSTOPIA: THE CASES OF VENEDIKT EROFEEV, KURT VONNEGUT, AND VICTOR PELEVIN (Spine Title: BURYING DYSTOPIA) (Thesis Format: Monograph) by Natalya Domina Graduate Program in Comparative Literature A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts The School of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada Natalya Domina 2012 THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO SCHOOL OF GRADUATE AND POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES CERTIFICATE OF EXAMINATION Supervisor Examiners ____________________________ ________________________________ Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Prenesi Datoteko Prenesi
    From War to Peace: The Literary Life of Georgia after the Second World War Irma Ratiani Ivane Javakhishvili, Tbilisi State University, Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature, 1 Chavchavadze Ave, Tbilisi 0179, Georgia [email protected] After the Second World War, political changes occurred in the Soviet Union. In 1953 Joseph Stalin—originally Georgian and the incarnate symbol of the country— died, and soon the much-talked-about Twentieth Assembly of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union headed by Nikita Khrushchev followed in 1956. In Georgia, Khrushchev’s speech against Stalin was followed by serious political unrest that ended with the tragic events of March 9th, 1956. It is still unclear whether this was a political event or demonstration of insulted national pride. Soon after that, the Khrushchev Thaw (Russian: Ottepel) occurred throughout the Soviet Union. The literary process during the Thaw yielded quite a different picture compared to the previous decades of Soviet life. Under the conditions of political liberalization, various tendencies were noticed in Georgian literary space: on the one hand, there was an obvious nostalgia for Stalin, and on the other hand there was the growth of a specific model of Neo-Realism and, of no less importance, the rise of women’s writing. Keywords: literature and ideology / Georgian literature / World War II / Khrushchev thaw / Soviet Union Modifications of the Soviet regime Georgian literature before the Second World War was by no means flourishing. As a result of the political purges of the 1930s conducted by Soviet government, the leading Georgian writers were elimi- nated.
    [Show full text]
  • Yelena Bonner—A Commanding Voice for Human Rights & Heroic Figure for Karabagh Armenians Passes Away
    ZORYAN INSTITUTE OF CANADA, INC. PRESS RELEASE FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT: Patil Halajian DATE: June 23, 2011 Tel: 416-250-9807 Yelena Bonner—a Commanding Voice for Human Rights & Heroic Figure for Karabagh Armenians Passes Away Armenians mourn the loss of Yelena Bonner, a great humanist, and a leading combatant against the injustices of the Soviet era. She will forever remain relevant and inspirational to people worldwide, and to Armenians particularly, because of her forceful advocacy on behalf of the people of Karabagh. Yelena Bonner, the wife of Andrei Sakharov, the Soviet Union's most prominent dissident scientist, and developer of Russia‟s first hydrogen bomb, was co-founder the Moscow Helsinki Group in the 1970s. By relentlessly challenging state oppression, it quickly became the most active rights group in the entire movement. The organization‟s mission was to publicize Soviet violations of the Helsinki Accord signed in 1975, recognizing Soviet hegemony in photo by Mikhail Lemkhin return for assurance of fundamental freedoms and human rights guarantees. Throughout her lifetime, Ms. Bonner lent her voice to many causes. She spoke very passionately on the human rights violations committed by Azerbaijan in Karabagh and virtually from the onset of the national liberation movement there, she defended the right of the Armenian nation to self-determination. She did so from the highest platforms, calling international attention to the issue. Among her public appearances was a lecture on “Nationalities in the Soviet Union: Possible Solutions within the Framework of a Revised Constitution,” which she made under the auspices of the Zoryan Institute and the Amnesty International Group of Harvard Law School in 1990.
    [Show full text]
  • Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past: a Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region
    CBEES State of the Region Report 2020 Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past A Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region Published with support from the Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies (Östersjstiftelsen) Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past A Comparative Study on Memory Management in the Region December 2020 Publisher Centre for Baltic and East European Studies, CBEES, Sdertrn University © CBEES, Sdertrn University and the authors Editor Ninna Mrner Editorial Board Joakim Ekman, Florence Frhlig, David Gaunt, Tora Lane, Per Anders Rudling, Irina Sandomirskaja Layout Lena Fredriksson, Serpentin Media Proofreading Bridget Schaefer, Semantix Print Elanders Sverige AB ISBN 978-91-85139-12-5 4 Contents 7 Preface. A New Annual CBEES Publication, Ulla Manns and Joakim Ekman 9 Introduction. Constructions and Instrumentalization of the Past, David Gaunt and Tora Lane 15 Background. Eastern and Central Europe as a Region of Memory. Some Common Traits, Barbara Trnquist-Plewa ESSAYS 23 Victimhood and Building Identities on Past Suffering, Florence Frhlig 29 Image, Afterimage, Counter-Image: Communist Visuality without Communism, Irina Sandomirskaja 37 The Toxic Memory Politics in the Post-Soviet Caucasus, Thomas de Waal 45 The Flag Revolution. Understanding the Political Symbols of Belarus, Andrej Kotljarchuk 55 Institutes of Trauma Re-production in a Borderland: Poland, Ukraine, and Lithuania, Per Anders Rudling COUNTRY BY COUNTRY 69 Germany. The Multi-Level Governance of Memory as a Policy Field, Jenny Wstenberg 80 Lithuania. Fractured and Contested Memory Regimes, Violeta Davoliūtė 87 Belarus. The Politics of Memory in Belarus: Narratives and Institutions, Aliaksei Lastouski 94 Ukraine. Memory Nodes Loaded with Potential to Mobilize People, Yuliya Yurchuk 106 Czech Republic.
    [Show full text]
  • Reading and Writing Against Destruction
    Transcultural Studies, 4 (2008), 107-117. EKATERINA NEKLYUDOVA READING AND WRITING AGAINST DESTRUCTION This article deals with the tactics of survival that the inmates of Gulag (the penitentiary system of prisons and labor camps in the Soviet Union)1 practiced while imprisoned. In particular, I focus on the theme of reading and writing in the conditions of the Soviet prisons and labor camps, where writing was mostly prohibited, and reading was limited and highly regulated and censored. However, the inmates of Soviet prisons managed to create, read, write and even publish their notes while incarcerated. I show how three survivors of the Soviet camps – Varlam Shalamov, Evgenia Ginzburg, and Eduard Kuznetsov used the acts of reading and writing to preserve their identities from complete corruption and disintegration. I argue that word as a grammatical unit of text initiates the process of the recovery and deliverance of prisoners’ morale. Varlam Shalamov (1907-1982), a writer and a journalist, was born in Rus- sian city of Vologda. He spent seventeen years in total in prisons and labor camps of Kolyma (1929-1931, 1937-1943, 1943-1951). When Shalamov was released and returned from the camps to the Western part of Russia (Kalinin- grad), he started recording his camp experience in the form of the semi- fictional, semi-documentary Kolymskie rasskazy [Kolyma Tales].2 Even though his camp prose was never published in the Soviet Union in his lifetime, it received worldwide publicity: Kolyma Tales was distributed by the under- ground movement of Samizdat and published abroad. The impact of these short stories was immense: they were considered as the most authentic and merciless descriptions of prisoners’ sufferings in the Soviet camps of the Sta- linist regime.
    [Show full text]
  • Soviet Jewry (8) Box: 24
    Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Green, Max: Files Folder Title: Soviet Jewry (8) Box: 24 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ Page 3 PmBOMBR.S OP CONSCIBNCB J YLADDllll UPSIDTZ ARRESTED: January 8, 1986 CHARGE: Anti-Soviet Slander DATE OF TRIAL: March 19, 1986 SENTENCE: 3 Years Labor Camp PRISON: ALBXBI KAGAllIIC ARRESTED: March 14, 1986 CHARGE: Illegal Possession of Drugs DATE OF TRIAL: SENTENCE: PRISON: UCHR P. O. 123/1 Tbltsi Georgian, SSR, USSR ALEXEI llUR.ZHBNICO (RE)ARRBSTBD: June 1, 1985 (Imprisoned 1970-1984) CHARGE: Parole Violations DA TB OF TRIAL: SENTENCE: PRISON: URP 10 4, 45/183 Ulitza Parkomienko 13 Kiev 50, USSR KAR.IC NBPOllNIASHCHY .ARRESTED: October 12, 1984 CHARGE: Defaming the Soviet State DA TB OF TRIAL: January 31, 1985 SENTENCE: 3 Years Labor Camp PRISON: 04-8578 2/22, Simferopol 333000, Krimskaya Oblast, USSR BETZALBL SHALOLASHVILLI ARRESTED: March 14, 1986 CHARGE: Evading Mllltary Service DA TE OF TRIAL: SENTENCE: PRISON: L ~ f UNION OF COUNCILS FOR SOVIET JEWS 1'411 K STREET, NW • SUITE '402 • WASHINGTON, DC 2<XX>5 • (202)393-44117 Page 4 PIUSONB'R.S OP CONSCIBNCB LBV SHBPBR ARRESTED:
    [Show full text]