Bab Vii Perlunya Memahami Perbedaan Prosedur Epistemologi Teologi Setiap Agama
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Journal of Human Values
Journal of Human Values http://jhv.sagepub.com/ Why Should I Be Ethical? Some Answers from Mahabharata Sankaran Manikutty Journal of Human Values 2012 18: 19 DOI: 10.1177/097168581101800103 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jhv.sagepub.com/content/18/1/19 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Journal of Human Values can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jhv.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jhv.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://jhv.sagepub.com/content/18/1/19.refs.html >> Version of Record - Jan 10, 2012 What is This? Downloaded from jhv.sagepub.com by guest on March 14, 2014 Military-Madrasa-MullahAArticle Global Threat Complex 1919 Journal of Human Values Why Should I Be Ethical? Some 18(1) 19–32 © 2012 Management Centre Answers from Mahabharata for Human Values SAGE Publications Los Angeles, London, New Delhi, Singapore, Washington DC DOI: 10.1177/097168581101800103 Sankaran Manikutty http://jhv.sagepub.com Abstract The article seeks to answer the question: Why should I be ethical? For an answer, it examines Mahabharata, the ancient Indian epic. It seeks to explore the complex ethical issues posed by Mahabharata, how they are relevant to us as individuals and to us as managers and teachers of management in business schools and enables us to understand how possibly we could use the insights to better our lives and of those around us. Mahabharata’s central message, concludes the article, is that ethics is not for convincing anyone; it is about convincing oneself. -
Attitude Towards Vaishnavas
Attitude towards Vaishnavas Thank you for this opportunity that we have today with you. You are all Bhakti Shastris, Bhakti Shastragya meaning also like you are scientist. One who knows the Shastras – Shastragya . ‘Gya’ means one who knows, Shastragya:-one who knows shastras is scientist; this is yet another vaishnav definition for understanding of who is a scientist. “yah sastra-vidhim utsrjya vartate kama-karatah na sa siddhim avapnoti na sukham na param gatim” (Bhagavad Gita 16.23) Lord Krishna says: One who discards all the shastras and he is busy doing activities but he has given up all the shastras abandoned, that person “na sa sukham avapnoti” that person will never ever be happy, what else? ‘na sukham avapnoti’ (in audience param gatim) ‘param gatim’ and there is one more (in audience) ‘na siddhim’- No perfection, no happiness, no final destination is achieved by those who reject, abandon, discard the shastric injunctions. Now you have become shastragyas you are scientist, I am happy I am able to meet scientist or social scientist here in Mayapur. You are completing now your 3 more days to go and you are done with it. Now is a time to apply the knowledge science that you have been studying, what you are studying Upadesamrta like that Isopanishad, Nectar of Devotion and Bhagavad Gita. I think one year I taught Isopanishad and of course you were not there and then another year I had taught something else. So I have been asked I am given some homework today and next 2 days. You need 7 attitudes towards Vaishnavas (Students handbook page 110) Learning objectives it says at the top, Discuss appropriate attitudes towards senior devotees in temple who have not completed Bhakti Shastri degree. -
Bhoga-Bhaagya-Yogyata Lakshmi
BHOGA-BHAAGYA-YOGYATA LAKSHMI ( FULFILLMENT AS ONE DESERVES) Edited, compiled, and translated by VDN Rao, Retd. General Manager, India Trade Promotion Organization, Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, currently at Chennai 1 Other Scripts by the same Author: Essence of Puranas:-Maha Bhagavata, Vishnu Purana, Matsya Purana, Varaha Purana, Kurma Purana, Vamana Purana, Narada Purana, Padma Purana; Shiva Purana, Linga Purana, Skanda Purana, Markandeya Purana, Devi Bhagavata;Brahma Purana, Brahma Vaivarta Purana, Agni Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Nilamata Purana; Shri Kamakshi Vilasa Dwadasha Divya Sahasranaama: a) Devi Chaturvidha Sahasra naama: Lakshmi, Lalitha, Saraswati, Gayatri; b) Chaturvidha Shiva Sahasra naama-Linga-Shiva-Brahma Puranas and Maha Bhagavata; c) Trividha Vishnu and Yugala Radha-Krishna Sahasra naama-Padma-Skanda-Maha Bharata and Narada Purana. Stotra Kavacha- A Shield of Prayers Purana Saaraamsha; Select Stories from Puranas Essence of Dharma Sindhu Essence of Shiva Sahasra Lingarchana Essence of Paraashara Smtiti Essence of Pradhana Tirtha Mahima Dharma Bindu Essence of Upanishads : Brihadaranyaka , Katha, Tittiriya, Isha, Svetashwara of Yajur Veda- Chhandogya and Kena of Saama Veda-Atreya and Kausheetaki of Rig Veda-Mundaka, Mandukya and Prashna of Atharva Veda ; Also ‘Upanishad Saaraamsa’ (Quintessence of Upanishads) Essence of Virat Parva of Maha Bharata Essence of Bharat Yatra Smriti Essence of Brahma Sutras Essence of Sankhya Parijnaana- Also Essence of Knowledge of Numbers Essence of Narada Charitra; Essence Neeti Chandrika-Essence of Hindu Festivals and Austerities- Essence of Manu Smriti*- Quintessence of Manu Smriti* - *Essence of Pratyaksha Bhaskara- Essence of Maha Narayanopanishad*-Essence of Vidya-Vigjnaana-Vaak Devi* Note: All the above Scriptures already released on www. -
Lms-Political Science Topic-Ancient Indian Political Thought Iii.B.A,Paper-V-Manusmrithi )
LMS-POLITICAL SCIENCE TOPIC-ANCIENT INDIAN POLITICAL THOUGHT III.B.A,PAPER-V-MANUSMRITHI ) Smt.M.C.SAHITYA Lecturer in Political Science GOVT.COLLEGE FOR MEN, KURNOOL(A.P) Manusmriti/ManuDharmasa stra MANU DHARMA SASTRA Introduction- nd nd ❖ 2 century B.C-2 century A.D Manu Dharma samhitha- 12 chapters, 2685 slokas- ❖ George Buhler- translate text in English ‘sacred Books of the East” in 1886 Described Manu as ‘‘ the Legendary first man” ‘Adam of the Hindhus’ Goshal- ‘Abudance of details on ancient Indian thought’. 1. LEARNING OBJECTIVES To teach on the basic text written by Manu, on Ancient Indian political thought. To educate the students on the various concepts introduced by Manu on caste system. To Analyze the working of the social and political changes brought by teachings in Manusmrithi. Previous knowledge on theTopic To study the various ancient texts like the Vedas Brahmanas and Puranas for the better understanding on the ancient Indian political thought. To know the historical background of various socio-political and cultural periods prevalent during that times. Divine origin theory State of Nature –Might is Right-Jungle law Saptanga theory –organs of the state 1. King 2. Ministers 3. Capital 4. Population 5. Treasury 6. Army 7. friend No.of No. of Content Chapters Versus 1 119 Origin of the Universe, Sources of Law. 2 249 The first stage of Brahman’s life, the studentship 3 286 The second stage of life, the Householder and his religious studies 4 260 Subsistence and private morals of the brahman householder 5 169 Food-ceremonial purification, Duties of woman 6 97 The third and fourth stages of life 7 226 The king’s duties, the second caste, etc; 8 420 Civil and criminal laws 9 336 Civil and criminal laws 10 131 The mixed caste and classes, procedure in times of need 11 266 Penance, expiation etc; 12 126 Exposition of philosophical principles, acquisition of final happiness Total 2685 MANUDHARAMA SASTRA 1. -
Chapter 2 INDEX
Chapter 2 INDEX S. No. Title Page No. IV Chapter 2 1. Verse 1 23 2. Verse 2 24 3. Mahabharata – Family Tree 26 4. Verse 3 27 5. Verse 4 28 6. Verse 5 30 7. Verse 6 31 8. Verse 7 33 9. Verse 8 34 10. Verse 9 36 11. Verse 11 38 12. Verse 12 40 13. Verse 13 42 [i] S. No. Title Page No. 14. Verse 14 44 15. Verse 15 47 16. Verse 16 48 17. Verse 17 50 18. Verse 18 52 19. Verse 19 54 20. Verse 20 56 21. Verse 21 58 22. Verse 22 60 23. Verse 23 62 24. Verse 24 63 25. Verse 25 65 26. Verse 26 70 27. Verse 27 71 28. Verse 28 73 [ii] S. No. Title Page No. 29. Verse 30 75 30. Verse 31 77 31. Verse 32 79 32. Verse 33 80 33. Verse 34 81 34. Verse 35 82 35. Verse 36 84 36. Verse 37 85 37. Verse 38 87 38. Verse 39 90 39. Verse 40 92 40. Verse 41 95 41. Verse 45 97 42. Verse 46 100 43. Verse 47 102 [iii] S. No. Title Page No. 44. Verse 48 105 45. Verse 49 107 46. Verse 50 109 47. Verse 51 110 48. Verse 52 112 49. Verse 53 113 50. Verse 54 117 51. Verse 55 120 52. Verse 56 123 53. Verse 57 126 54. Verse 58 128 55. Verse 59 131 56. Verse 60 133 57. Verse 61 136 58. Verse 62, 63 138 [iv] S. -
The Mahābhārata: the Epic of the Greater Good
Mahābhārata: the the ejamespic l. fitzgerald of the greater good 27th j. gonda lecture 2019 The : the epic of the greater good Mahābhārata 27th J. Gonda Lecture 2019 1 The : the epic of the greater good Mahābhārata 27th J. Gonda Lecture 2019 © 2020 Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Some rights reserved. License, Attribution 3.0 Netherlands. To view a copy of this licence, visit: Usage and distribution of this work is defined in the Creative Commons http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nl/ Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences T +31 (0)20 551 0700 P.O. Box 19121, NL-1000 GC Amsterdam [email protected] www.knaw.nl pdf available on www.knaw.nl Typesetting: Ellen Bouma Illustration cover: The wrath of Jarasandha at Mathura, Indian miniature (tbetween 1850-1900), Kangra, India. Rijksmuseum Amsterdam, inv. no. RP- T-1979-33. Preferred citation: James L. Fitzgerald (2020). The : the epic of the greater good. Amsterdam, J. Gonda Fund Foundation of the KNAW. Mahābhārata ISBN 978-90-6984-738-2 2 The : the epic of the greater good Mahābhārata 27th J. Gonda Lecture 2019 james l. fitzgerald The Mahābhārata: the epic of the greater good September 2020 3 The : the epic of the greater good Mahābhārata 27th J. Gonda Lecture 2019 The Mahābhārata: the epic of the greater good1 My subject here is some portion of the way that the Sanskrit Mahābhārata (MBh) deals with violence and aggression on the part of the armed stratum of society. In spite of being a vast epic of war, some important parts of the MBh made a sustained effort to ‘soothe the savage breast’ of humankind with epic ślokas 2 How success- ful this effort was across the past two millennia of South Asian civilization is , to borrow a phrase from William Congreve. -
The Gita According to GANDHI
The Gita according to GANDHI The Gospel of Selfless Action OR The Gita according to GANDHI By: Mahadev Desai First Published: August 1946 Printed & Published by: Vivek Jitendrabhai Desai Navajivan Mudranalaya Ahmedabad 380 014 (INDIA) www.mkgandhi.org Page 1 The Gita according to GANDHI Forward The following pages by Mahadev Desai are an ambitious project. It represents his unremitting labours during his prison life in 1933-'34. Every page is evidence of his scholarship and exhaustive study of all he could lay hands upon regarding the Bhagavad Gita, poetically called the Song Celestial by Sir Edwin Arnold. The immediate cause of this labour of love was my translation in Gujarati of the divine book as I understood it. In trying to give a translation of my meaning of the Gita, he found himself writing an original commentary on the Gita. The book might have been published during his lifetime, if I could have made time to go through the manuscript. I read some portions with him, but exigencies of my work had to interrupt the reading. Then followed the imprisonments of August 1942, and his sudden death within six days of our imprisonment. All of his immediate friends decided to give his reverent study of the Gita to the public. He had copies typed for his English friends who were impatient to see the commentary in print. And Pyarelal, who was collaborator with Mahadev Desai for many years, went through the whole manuscript and undertook to perform the difficult task of proof reading. Hence this publication. Frankly, I do not pretend to any scholarship. -
Essence of Sanatsujatiya of Maha Bharata
ESSENCE OF SANATSUJATIYA OF MAHA BHARATA Translated, interpreted and edited by V.D.N.Rao 1 Other Scripts by the same Author: Essence of Puranas:-Maha Bhagavata, Vishnu, Matsya, Varaha, Kurma, Vamana, Narada, Padma; Shiva, Linga, Skanda, Markandeya, Devi Bhagavata;Brahma, Brahma Vaivarta, Agni, Bhavishya, Nilamata; Shri Kamakshi Vilasa- Dwadasha Divya Sahasranaama:a) Devi Chaturvidha Sahasra naama: Lakshmi, Lalitha, Saraswati, Gayatri;b) Chaturvidha Shiva Sahasra naama-Linga-Shiva-Brahma Puranas and Maha Bhagavata;c) Trividha Vishnu and Yugala Radha-Krishna Sahasra naama-Padma-Skanda-Maha Bharata and Narada Purana. Stotra Kavacha- A Shield of Prayers -Purana Saaraamsha; Select Stories from Puranas Essence of Dharma Sindhu - Dharma Bindu - Shiva Sahasra Lingarchana-Essence of Paraashara Smriti- Essence of Pradhana Tirtha Mahima- Essence of Ashtaadasha Upanishads: Brihadarankya, Katha, Taittiriya/ Taittiriya Aranyaka , Isha, Svetashvatara, Maha Narayana and Maitreyi, Chhadogya and Kena, Atreya and Kausheetaki, Mundaka, Maandukya, Prashna, Jaabaala and Kaivalya. Also ‗Upanishad Saaraamsa‘ - Essence of Virat Parva of Maha Bharata- Essence of Bharat Yatra Smriti -Essence of Brahma Sutras- Essence of Sankhya Parijnaana- Essence of Knowledge of Numbers for students-Essence of Narada Charitra; Essence Neeti Chandrika-Essence of Hindu Festivals and AusteritiesEssence of Manu Smriti- Quintessence of Manu Smriti- Essence of Paramartha Saara; Essence of Pratyaksha Bhaskra; Essence of Pratyaksha Chandra; Essence of Vidya-Vigjnaana-Vaak Devi; Essence -
Kunti, Satyavati's Grand
unti, Satyavati’s grand- Part III: Five Holy Virgins, Five Sacred Myths daughter-in-law, is a remarkable study in K 1 womanhood. Kunti chooses the handsome Pandu in a bridegroom- “One-in Herself” choice ceremony, svayamvara, only to find Bhishma snatching away her Why Kunti Remains a Kanya happiness by marrying him off again immediately to the captivating Madri. Pradip Bhattacharya She insists on accompanying her husband into exile and faces a horripilating situation: her beloved husband insists that she get son after In the first two parts of this quest we have explored two of son for him by others. It is in this 2 the five kanyas, Ahalya and Mandodari of the Ramayana, husband-wife encounter that Kunti’s seeking to understand what makes them such remarkable individuality shines forth. At first she women, as well as describe what special features firmly refuses saying, “Not even in characterise all these kanyas.We are now entering the dense thought will I be embraced by another (I.121.5).” forest of the Mahabharata to discuss Kunti. To help the Her statement is somewhat readers through its thickly interwoven maze of relationships, devious, as already she has embraced I have provided the broad linkages of these characters in a Surya and regained virgin status by separate box (see opposite page).* virtue of his boon after delivering Karna. It is, however, evidence of her and tries to persuade her urging that Shvetaketu’s scriptural directive for resolve to maintain an unsullied (a) she will only be doing what is implicitly obeying the husband’s reputation. -
Shiva ≡ the Supreme
|| || ॐ नमो भगवते वासुदेवाय || नमः || ी कृ णाय Shiva ≡ The Supreme It is a foregone conclusion in Advaita Vedanta that Vishnu = Shiva. Why then point to scriptural passages that extol Shiva (also) as the Supreme? There is one purpose, though not very lofty. Most Hindus grow up in families that read the Ramayana and the Gita, celebrate festivals like Ramanavami and Gokulashtami, and make a pilgrimage to Tirupathi. This does not go unnoticed by some Vaishnavas, who time and again selectively quote the scriptures to ‘prove’ that Vishnu alone is the Supreme, and that Shiva is an ‘inferior’ deity. They (often) go on to claim that Vishnu is to be exclusively worshipped, suggesting that worshipping Shiva is less recommended in the Scriptures – or worse, that it may actually be ‘wrong’ to do so! As this issue keeps popping up repeatedly, this present write-up will (hopefully) end any doubts in that regard. Only two Scriptures will be cited here, which are accepted by all Hindus – the Mahabharata and the Yajur-Veda. The English translation of a verse will be supplied first, after which will follow (in most cases) its Sanskrit transliteration (saMskRRitam ) in the ITRANS format. The translation of the Mahabharata by Kisari Mohan Ganguli has been used almost verbatim, with negligible changes. Unless otherwise specified, “Shiva” will refer to the Being who resides in Kailasa, has a Blue Throat, uses Nandi for a vehicle, etc.; and “Vishnu” will denote the Being who resides in Vaikuntha, bears the Kaustubha gem, uses Garuda for a vehicle, etc. If one wants to skip the explicit details and directly obtain the conclusion, please visit the last Section V below. -
Srimad Bhagavad Gita
Srimad Bhagavad Gita Introduction & Chapter 1 Arjuna Vishaada Yogah: Yoga of the Despondency of Arjuna Transliterated Sanskrit Text Free Translation & Brief Explanation By T.N.Sethumadhavan Published In Esamskriti.com & Medhajournal.com Nagpur September 2010 [email protected] Srimad Bhagavad Gita Methodology of Presentation T.N.Sethumadhavan The radiance of the Bhagavad Gita is being brought to the readers under this column through the means of easy to handle tools. This arrangement consists of a series of essays covering the entire Gita in a simple, direct and interactive style employing the technique of a Distance Education Programme. The presentation of each Chapter of the Gita will have ¾ All transliterated Sanskrit Verses with a lucid translation and explanatory notes divided into different topics for a clear-cut grasp of the subject ¾ A brief account of the issues and concepts involved ¾ Strategies to put the ideas discussed into practice and ¾ A questionnaire for self-assessment by the reader The periodicity of posting these essays would be about once in a fortnight barring unforeseen circumstances. In preparing these essays I have steered clear off all the scholastic debates and controversies with a view to reach out to the average modern educated young people who require the strength of the Gita to wade through the current day troubled waters. My purpose is just to help them to understand the essential message of the Gita so that they will blossom into integrated persons full of equanimity of mind, speech and action. Their needs in the context of our present habits of study were fully kept in view in this process. -
Essence of Sankhya Pari Jnana
ESSENCE OF SANKHYA PARIJNANA (Knowledge of Numbers) Translated and edited by V.D.N. Rao, former General Manager of India Trade Promotion Organisation, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi, Ministry of Commerce, Govt. of India now at Chennai 1 Other Scripts by the same Author: Essence of Puranas:- Maha Bhagavata, Vishnu Purana, Matsya Purana, Varaha Purana, Kurma Purana, Vamana Purana, Narada Purana, Padma Purana; Shiva Purana, Linga Purana, Skanda Purana, Markandeya Purana, Devi Bhagavata;Brahma Purana, Brahma Vaivarta Purana, Agni Purana, Bhavishya Purana, Nilamata Purana; Shri Kamakshi Vilasa Dwadasha Divya Sahasranaama: a) Devi Chaturvidha Sahasra naama: Lakshmi, Lalitha, Saraswati, Gayatri; b) Chaturvidha Shiva Sahasra naama-Linga-Shiva-Brahma Puranas and Maha Bhagavata; c) Trividha Vishnu and Yugala Radha-Krishna Sahasra naama-Padma-Skanda-Maha Bharata and Narada Purana. Stotra Kavacha- A Shield of Prayers Purana Saaraamsha Select Stories from Puranas Essence of Dharma Sindhu Essence of Shiva Sahasra Lingarchana Essence of Paraashara Smtiti Essence of Pradhana Tirtha Mahima Dharma Bindu Essence of Upanishads : Brihadaranyaka , Katha, Tittiriya, Isha, Svetashwara of Yajur Veda- Chhandogya and Kena of Saama Veda-Atreya and Kausheetaki of Rig Veda-Mundaka, Mandukya and Prashna of Atharva Veda ‘Upanishad Saaraamsa’ (Quintessence of Upanishads) Essence of Virat Parva of Maha Bharata* Essence of Bharat Yatra Smriti* Essence of Brahma Sutras* Essence of Sankhya Parijnaana* [Note: All the above Scriptures already released on www. Kamakoti. Org/news as also on Google by the respective references. The one with * is under process] 2 PREFACE Here are simple explantions of Vedic Numbers, but not indeed of Sankhya Yoga nor its Mimaamsa. General awareness of the common meanings and the power of numbers is useful to realize.