DOCSLIB.ORG

Review of Tularemia in Utah and the Great Basin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Review of Tularemia in Utah and the Great Basin Great Basin Naturalist Volume 39 Number 2 Article 1 6-30-1979 Review of tularemia in Utah and the Great Basin Harold E. Stark Environmental and Ecology Branch, U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, Dugway, Utah Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Stark, Harold E. (1979) "Review of tularemia in Utah and the Great Basin," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 39 : No. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol39/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. The Great Basin Naturalist Published at Provo, Utah, by Brigham Young University ISSN 0017-3614 Volume 39 June 30, 1979 No. 2 REVIEW OF TULAREMIA IN UTAH AND THE GREAT BASIN Harold E. Stark' Abstract.— This is a compilation of tularemia research conducted in Utah, particularly at U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground (DPG), Utah, and an evaluation of this information in relation to the current status of tularemia studies. A brief history of tularemia in Utah and a review of field and laboratory studies are included. Human cases of tularemia occur throughout Utah during all seasons of the year. An analysis of recent human disease reveals a concentration of cases in rural areas, with a greater seasonal occurrence in late summer and early fall. Research on tularemia as a zoonotic in- tularemia in recent years; Jellison and Parker fection in and around the U.S. Army Dugway (1945), Bell (1965), Olsuf'yev and Rodnev Proving Ground (DPG), Utah, has established (I960), Hopla (1974), and Olsen (1975) are the existence of natural foci of infection, cy- examples. In addition, several bibliographies cles of activity, and probable reservoir hosts have been compiled, e.g.: the U.S. Army and vectors. In addition, studies have been Chemical Corps (1958), Hoogstraal et al. directed toward determination of survival (1970-1972), and Pollitzer (1967). Cox (1964), times of the organism as aerosols and as con- at Brigham Young University, prepared a taminants on surfaces in the laboratory and in "Bibliography of Tularemia" with references nature under varying field conditions. Field arranged by subject matter, similar to the one and laboratory work also have been con- published by the U.S. Army Chemical Corps. ducted at Brigham Young University and the Jellison was author (1950) and coauthor University of Utah; several species of deer fly (1945, 1951, 1956), of specific and general ar- (Chrysops spp.) were found infected in na- ticles on tularemia (many of them on tula- ture. remia in Utah), and he prepared a current re- view and bibliography on tularemia (1974). Human tularemia is commonly a rural dis- Much of the information given here is a re- ease, probably with an eight-year cyclic ten- view of large quantities of data from DPG re- dency in Utah. It is transmissible to man ports and records not ordinarily available to through direct contact with the host, con- the scientific community. Since the data are tamination of water and food, vectors, in- voluminous, not all can be analyzed; many halation of dust as from tick feces while DPG reports and articles are referenced for shearing sheep, and, uniquely in the Great further analysis (if desired) by the reader. Basin, by the bite of deer flies. Other portions of this work constitute a liter- There have been several review articles on ature survey. 'Environmental and Ecology Branch, U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, Dugway, Utah ! 103 104 Great Basin Naturalist Vol. 39, No. 2 History ance and display varying pathogenesis. Bio- chemical reactions (glycerine fermentation The etiologic agent of tularemia, Franci- and the presence or absence of citruUine sella tularensis, was not identified until this ureidase) have been related to virulence century (McCoy 1911, McCoy and Chapin (Marchette and Nicholes 1961). Some strains have ap- 1912). However, tularemia may resist streptomycin. Eigelsbach, Braun, and in rural Utah. pared earlier among humans Herring (1951), Skrodsky (1966), and Domin- physician, Pearse (1911), a Brigham City owska (1967) observed a correlation between studied six human cases of an imknown dis- the colonial morphology and the pathogeni- ease which occurred in August 1908 in the city and immunogenic properties of a given area. It is believed Brigham City-Tremonton isolate. to be the first clinical description of tula- Based on virulence, chemical reactions, remia in the English language. Pearse left the morphology, geographic origin, epizootiol- disease unnamed. Later medical accounts re- ogy, epidemiology, vectors, reservoirs, associ- viewing epidemiologic and clinical aspects of ation of different habitats, and modes of the disease assumed deer fly bites were asso- transmission, two basic subspecies of tula- ciated with it, although no infected insects remia have gained recognition. These are were captured or identified. commonly referred to as types A and B (Bell Francis, another physician, first isolated F. 1965). Subspecific designations also have tularensis from wild mammals and their ecto- been made referring to types A and B. The parasites in detailed 1919 and conducted less virulent of the two is palaearctica (Type studies near Holden in the Delta area of Mil- B) and is more frequently associated with ag- lard County (Francis 1921, 1927). Before ricultural areas and lotic waters, and may be ' referred the disease as "Pahvant 1920 he to maintained by chronic tularemia nephritis in Valley plague" and "deer fly fever." Later muskrats, beavers, and voles. Voles may be established the tula- (1921) he and used name the primary reservoir in some areas in west- remia for the disease. Simpson (1929) wrote a ern North America. Chronically infected ver- textbook on medical aspects of the disease, tebrates urinate onto watersheds, sometimes assembling knowledge to that time. He asso- causing widespread and protracted human the cases in largely with deer fly ciated Utah epidemics (Bell and Stewart 1975). bites. Human infection with palaearctica has oc- curred during threshing operations in the Etiologic Agent USSR. Possible similar occurrence of human tularemia in the Great Basin is discussed later Francisella is distinctive and only distantly imder tularemia in soils. Another proposed related to other bacterial organisms. Buchan- name, holarctica, for Type B, implies that an and Gibbons (1974) gave no hierarchical this type occurrs throughout all land masses arrangement for it. The genus is placed with of the Northern Hemisphere. Though holarc- Brucella, to which it is not closely related," in tica is less restrictive in concept, palaearctica a group of genera of uncertain affiliation en- has taxonomic priority. Francisella t. tula- titled "Gram-negative aerobic rods and coc- rensis (Type A, also designated F. t. nearc- ci." There has been no general compilation tica) is more virulent and is frequently associ- of strains published to date, although there ated with infection in lagomorphs (hares and are significant differences in levels of viru- rabbits) and nonaquatic (xeric or mesic) ro- lence among strains of F. tularensis. Yet viru- dents, more frequently involves human cases lence alone does not provide a basis for clas- contracted during hunting, and is often asso- sification, because under laboratory culture ciated with vectorborne transmission than is and storage it can change. Different labora- palaearctica (Bell 1965). tory hosts express different levels of resist- Besides the currently recognized sub- 'There is some serologic cross reaction between F. tularensis and Brucella (Hopla 1974, Quan 1978). June 1979 Stark: Review of Utah Tularemia 105 species, two additional nomenclatural desig- Hamilton, Montana, preserves numerous nations have been proposed, }aponica (Ro- strains by lyophylization, but effort is not de- dianova 1967) (for Japanese isolates) and voted to identification and cataloging; it is mediasiatica (Aikimbaev 1966) (for a central more convenient to obtain fresh material Asian strain). Aikimbaev (1966) and Olsul'yev from nature for ongoing research. (1970) regard the latter as primitive. Aikim- Storage and preservation or cultivation (es- baev proposed subspecific status for media- pecially in egg yolk) in the laboratory reduc- siatica. Taxonomic status has not been eval- es virulence of the organism (Owen 1970). uated for either of these two names. Green (1943) increased virulence of unnamed The tularemia organism in nature is ubiq- strains of F. tularensis by passage through uitous, but simultaneously demonstrates cottontail rabbits and hares. On the other ubiety with regard to strain differentiation. hand, he contended that passage through Numerous strains have been recognized. grouse reduced virulence. Owen et al. (1961) These often have been designated with num- failed to enhance the virulence of F. tula- bers or initials. At DPG, nine strains are rensis by experimentally passing strains maintained and studied: Jap 4, Ohara, Live through hosts or ectoparasites. Some strains Vaccine, S. C, Russ, Max, 38, 38A, and Schu have considerable vitality for sustaining their 5. Similar groups have been kept at several characteristics. There are great variations of educational institutions, the U.S. Public virulence in strains isolated in nature. Older Health
Load more

Recommended publications
  • US Army Has Admitted to Conducting 100S of Germ Warfare Tests on Americans
    US Army Has Admitted to Conducting 100s of Germ Warfare Tests On Americans The U.S. Army has admitted that it secretly conducted at least 239 germ warfare tests in locations across the country, targeting unsuspecting Americans. By Rachel Blevins, April 28, 2018 https://thefreethoughtproject.com/army-admitted-conducting-hundreds-germ-warfare-tests- americans/ While the United States government claims to be horrified every time there are reports of a chemical attack that was allegedly carried out by the Syrian government, history serves as a reminder that the U.S. is responsible for carrying out a number of chemical attacks on thousands of unsuspecting Americans, and some of the innocent victims are still suffering from the effects today. In 1977, the U.S. Army admitted that it secretly conducted at least 239 germ warfare tests in the open air in cities across the country between 1949 and 1969. The areas where the lethal germs were simulated on the public were typically in major cities such as Washington D.C., San Francisco, New York City, Key West and Panama City, according to a report the Army submitted to the Senate Health Subcommittee. In the report, the Army insisted that the purpose of the tests was to study how biological warfare affects the public, in case it needs to defend against it. Calling tests “essential,” the Army claimed it needed to “substantiate theories and fill knowledge gaps and to determine vulnerability to attack.” According to a report from the Washington Post, the release of the Army’s censored report was “the most complete official version of this nation’s biological warfare effort,” and it revealed that in addition to public areas, military personnel and their families were also targeted: “The Army listed 27 times that it tested simulated toxins on public property, including releasing spores in two tunnels on a stretch of Pennsylvania Turnpike.
    [Show full text]
  • Transparency in Past Offensive Biological Weapon Programmes
    Transparency in past offensive biological weapon programmes An analysis of Confidence Building Measure Form F 1992-2003 Nicolas Isla Occasional Paper No. 1 June 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary................................................................................................................................ 3 1. Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Analysis and evaluation of declared data on past offensive BW programmes........................ 8 2.1. Canada....................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2. France........................................................................................................................................ 10 2.3. Iraq............................................................................................................................................. 13 2.4. Russian Federation................................................................................................................... 15 2.5. South Africa.............................................................................................................................. 18 2.6. United Kingdom...................................................................................................................... 20 2.7. United States............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Utah's Defense Sector: Economic Impacts of the Military and Veterans
    Utah’s Defense Sector: Economic Impacts of the Military and Veterans Authored by: John Downen and Levi Pace March 2017 (Updated September 2020) Utah’s Defense Sector: Economic Impacts of the Military and Veterans Table of Contents: Executive Summary .........................................2 Section 8. Defense Grants and Contracts ....................27 Economic Impacts ........................................2 8.1 DOD and VA Contracts and Grants in Utah, Fiscal Impacts .............................................4 FY 2000 to 2015 ....................................27 Federal Defense Employment .............................4 8.2 FY 2015 Contracts and Grants ......................28 Section 1. Study Methods ...................................5 8.3 Impacts of Defense Grants .........................30 1.1 Terms Used in This Report ...........................5 8.4 Impacts of Other Defense Contracts ................32 1.2 Data Collection .....................................6 Section 9. Trends in Defense Employment 1.3 Estimating Economic Impacts .......................7 and Compensation ................................33 1.4 Estimating Fiscal Impacts ...........................8 9.1 Defense Employment in Utah, 1990 to 2015 ........33 1.5 Acknowledgments ..................................8 9.2 Compensation from Defense Employment, Section 2. Hill Air Force Base Current Operations ............10 1990 to 2015. .34 Section 3. Dugway Proving Ground .........................13 Section 10. Hill Air Force Base Closure Scenario .............36
    [Show full text]
  • UTAH STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY 300 Rio Grande Salt Lake City, UT 84101-1182 (801) 533-3535
    From the Archives: Sources 145 From the Archives: Sources UTAH STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY 300 Rio Grande Salt Lake City, UT 84101-1182 (801) 533-3535 HOURS OF OPERATION 10 a.m.-5 p.m., Monday through Friday 10 a.m.-2 p.m., Saturday Closed Mondays and legal holidays SERVICES AVAILABLE The Library is a public, tax supported institution and is available to every- one. Most patrons visit our library in person where professional reference assis- tance is available. We are happy to respond to telephone and mail requests for information if they are limited to simple questions of fact. A photocopy machine and microfilm reader/printer are available and photographic prints can be made in various sizes for a reasonable fee. With the exception of the general reference material available to patrons in the reading room and photograph library, the collections are housed in a closed stacks area. Access to the collection is through the main card catalog and the General Index (periodicals). The General Index is divided into two sections “Subject” and “Biographical.” The “Biographical” file indexes approximately 93,000 individuals and is arranged alphabetically, giving specific references to publications in the Library. TYPES OF MATERIAL AVAILABLE The Library collects material primarily on Utah history, though some mate- rial is available on adjacent states and on states where Mormons have been sig- 146 Nauvoo Journal nificantly concentrated. We have few government records and no records of the LDS Church. We do have thousands of books, pamphlets, periodicals, manu- scripts, maps, architectural drawings, and photographs on Utah history and related fields and areas.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Biological Weaponization
    The History of Biological Weaponization PART ONE OF THREE W M The following study is from Chapter on San Francisco, to assess the ability of pathogens to Four of our newly revised and greatly en- spread through urban centers. The germs were meant 1 larged book, Vaccination Crisis. The entire to be harmless. However, they were not harmless enough. 1 3 book is now available from us (see bottom Eleven patients were admitted to Standard University 8 of this page). Part One deals with adult Hospital with sarratia infection. One patient, Edward J. vaccination problems. Part Two is about Nevin, died. The physicians were so astonished at the childhood vaccines, and is an expansion of outbreak of a totally rare disease that they wrote it up in the first edition of Vaccination Crisis; but a medical journal. Years later, in 1981, the government it now includes still more information on denied any responsibility and the judge dismissed a law- how to avoid childhood vaccination. —vf suit (Cole, Clouds of Secrecy, pp. 52-54, 75-104). Clusters of anthrax. Another U.S. project consisted BEGINNINGS of cluster bombs, each of which held 536 bomblets. Upon hitting the ground, each bomblet would emit a little more How it began. The Soviet germ weapon program began in the 1920s and gradually grew into a mammoth than an ounce of anthrax mist. This terrible disease, if operation. The objective was to develop weapons capable untreated, kills nearly every infected person (a very high of infecting people with anthrax, typhus, and other dis- mortality rate, even compared with the Bubonic plague eases.
    [Show full text]
  • The University of Utah Campus Master Plan
    THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH CAMPUS MASTER PLAN 3. Discovery CHAPTER 3: DISCOVERY & ANALYSIS Introduction During the Discovery and Analysis phase of this pro- cess the University’s current physical campus structure, buildings, infrastructure systems, transportation and transit use, housing needs and academic space assess- ment were examined. It was the goal of this phase of the work to gain as much understanding regarding the campus’ existing conditions and operations as possible in order to glean the major planning issues that needed to be addressed in a comprehensive campus master plan. The documentation of the analysis phase of discovery is presented in one of three sections of this overall document. The analysis that can simply be reported and those recommendations that can be outlined in a summary fashion for further implementation strategies that will be discussed later in the book. The analysis is presented in this chapter. When the analysis and information gathering defines a very specific problem or issue that has been addressed by the Plan, this document presents that analysis and observational material in the “Plan Elements” or “Transformative Projects” chapters. This chapter orga- nization allows these issues and recommendation to be more closely tied. This decision also serves to minimize redundant information, which in a campus planning project of this size and complexity, would only serve to frustrate the reader. 3 – 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH CAMPUS MASTER PLAN The University of Utah 2008 (view east) 3 – 3 CHAPTER 3: DISCOVERY & ANALYSIS Campus Setting Wasatch Mountain Range Regional Context The product of 20 million years of The 1500-acre University of Utah campus is dramatical- The eastern and northern portions of the City are locat- geologic faulting, volcanic activity, and ly located at the foothills of a mountain valley with the ed on a series of terraces, or former beaches, which are glaciation, the Wasatch Mountains, the Wasatch Mountains to the east and north.
    [Show full text]
  • Commandant's Annual Report, 1971-1972
    ANNUAL REPORT 1971-1972 The Judge Advocate General's School U. S. Army Charlottesville, Virginia 22901 . , SHOULDER SLEEVE INSIGNIA APPROVED FOR JAG SCHOOL Under the provisions of paragraphs 14-16, AR 670-5, the Com­ mandant received approval on 21 January 1972 for a shoulder sleeve insignia for uniform wear by Staff, Faculty, and Advanced Class personnel of The Judge Advocate General's School from the Chief of Heraldry, Institute of Heraldry, U.S. Army. The patch design is adapted from the School's distinctive crest. It is em­ blazoned across a shield of traditional blue. Its lighted torch symbolizes the illumination of intellect and leadership supplied by the School. The torch is surmounted by a gold open laurel wreath, below a gold sword and pen, with points downward, the tip ends of the wreath passing under the sword blade and pen quill FOREWORD The Judge Advocate General's School soon begins its twenty­ second year on the Grounds of the University of Virginia. In these years "the Home of the Military Lawyer" has consistently sought to serve the Army Lawyer in the field-by preparing him in our resident courses, keeping him supplied with the most recent legal information in a clear and concise form, and providing good quality continuing legal education programs both in the resident short courses and in our nonresident extension courses. But our active lawyer is only one part of our Corps and the School has likewise become the home for the lawyers in the Army Reserve and the Army and Air National Guard-the other two vital parts of our Army.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Us Biological Warfare Programs Volume I
    DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY US ARMY RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING COMMAND 5183 BLACKHAWK ROAD ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD 21010-5424 REPLY TO ATTENTION OF: December 3, 2009 Office of the Chief Counsel Mr. John Greenewald Dear Mr. Greenewald: This is the final response to your FOIA request dated March 13, 2009, for a copy of all documents pertaining to a 1977 incident that the U.S. Army had staged a mock biological attack on San Francisco, California. The Research, Development and Engineering Command located the record, US Army Activity in the U.S. Biological Warfare Program, 1942-1977s, Volume 1. 25 February 1977. I enclosed a redacted version of the record. Additionally, we located an excerpt from the book Clouds of Secrecy, The Army’s Germ Warfare Tests over Populated Areas, written by Leonard A. Cole. Mr. Cole’s book is available to the general public on the open market. The redacted record was subject to FOIA exemption (b)(2) HIGH. Exemption (b)(2) HIGH protects substantial internal matters where disclosure would risk circumvention of a legal requirement. Additionally, the redacted information is sensitive to internal Army operations. Mr. Brian May, Research, Development and Engineering Command’s Freedom of Information Act Officer, conducted a brief search of the Defense Technical Information Center secure library and determined additional records may exist. If you seek additional information on this subject, I suggest you submit a Freedom of Information Act request with the Defense Technical Information Center using the title of the enclosed record. I provided the Defense Technical Information Center, Freedom of Information Act Office’s website below.
    [Show full text]
  • April 2004 Steering Committee Materials Will Provide Needed Information
    UEN Insert cover new.final 2/13/03 2:59 PM Page 1 In Partnership with Utah State Office of Education ■ Utah System of Higher Education U TAH EDUCATION NETWORK S TEERING COMMITTEE AGENDA APRIL 16, 2004 SUBCOMMITTEES – 9:00 AM – 11:00 AM STEERING COMMITTEE – 11:00 AM 11:00 a.m. - Steering Committee Meeting 1:00 p.m. Welcome and Introductions Committee of the Whole Tab 1 NEW MEMBERS OF THE UEN STEERING COMMITTEE – ACTION ...... 1-1 Tab 2 PLANNING FOR FY 2005 STRATEGIC PLAN AND .................... 2-1 BUDGET DEVELOPMENT – ACTION Tab 3 QUARTER 3 PROGRESS REPORT ON FY 2004....................... 3-1 STRATEGIC PLAN – INFORMATION FY 2004 Strategic Plan Quarter 3 Update...................... 3-3 Tab 4 IP VIDEO PROJECT UPDATE, EQUIPMENT AND INITIAL............... 4-1 INSTALLATION RECOMMENDATIONS – ACTION IP Video Equipment Packages ................................... 4-5 IP Video Classroom Site List and Budget....................... 4-7 9:00 a.m. - Instructional Services Subcommittee Agenda 11:00 a.m. Tab 5 IP VIDEO PROJECT REPORT, APPROVAL OF ......................... 5-1 EQUIPMENT RECOMMENDATIONS – ACTION -1 UEN Steering Committee - April 2004 Tab 6 REPORT ON E-LEARNING WORKSHOP AND ........................... 6-1 BROADCAST CHANGES – ACTION Re-Thinking E-Learning Workshop Participant Feedback .... 6-3 Tab 7 UIMC GROUP BUY REPORT – INFORMATION ......................... 7-1 Tab 8 NEW CORE CURRICULUM WEB SITE – INFORMATION ................. 8-1 Tab 9 PLANNING PROCESS FOR FY 2005 – INFORMATION ................. 9-1 Planning Process Graphic......................................... 9-3 Tab 10 SUBCOMMITTEE REPORTS - INFORMATION.......................... 10-1 9:00 a.m. - Technical Services Subcommittee Agenda 11:00 a.m. Tab 11 IP VIDEO PROJECT REPORT, APPROVAL OF ....................... 11-1 SITE UPGRADES AND BUDGET – ACTION Tab 12 FORMATION OF THE UTAH SECURITY ADVISORY ..................
    [Show full text]
  • ARMY INSTALLATIONS (To Include Joint Bases)
    ARMY INSTALLATIONS (to include joint bases) TOTAL DIVIDEND ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND, MD $267,371 ANNISTON ARMY DEPOT, AL $24,566 ARMY RESERVE CENTER IN SAIPAN, MARIANA ISLANDS $501,101 AS SAYLIHAY ARMY BASE, QATAR $101,328 BARRIGADA ARMY NATIONAL GUARD, GUAM $208,844 BELLWOOD DEFENSE SUPPLY CENTER, RICHMOND, VA $32,034 BISMARCK ARMY NATIONAL GUARD ARMORY, ND $5 CAMP ARIFJAN, KUWAIT $755,817 CAMP ASHLAND TRAINING SITE, ASHLAND, NE $15,453 CAMP ATTERBURY, EDINBURGH, IN $24,055 CAMP BEAUREGARD, PINEVILLE, LA $22,992 CAMP BONDSTEEL, BOSNIA $47,345 CAMP CARROLL LODGING, WAEGWAN, KOREA $8,187 CAMP GRAFORTON, DEVILS LAKE, ND $1,362 CAMP GRAYLING MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD, MI $11,829 CAMP GRUBER, OKLAHOMA CITY, OK $6,649 CAMP GUERNSEY JOINT TRAINING CENTER, WY $378 CAMP HUMPHREYS LODGING, KOREA $8,269 CAMP JOHNSON COLCHESTER, VT $12,591 CAMP KEYS, AUGUSTA, ME $15,187 CAMP LINCOLN, SPRINGFIELD, IL $3,438 CAMP MABRY, AUSTIN, TX $39,740 CAMP MCCAIN TRAINING FACILITY, GRENADA, MS $5,805 CAMP PARKS RESERVE FORCES TRAINING, DUBLIN, CA $7,535 CAMP PERRY NATIONAL GUARD, PORT CLINTON, OH $3,117 CAMP RILEA ARMED FORCES TRAINING FACILITY, WARRENTON, OR $3,411 CAMP RIPLEY, LITTLE FALLS, MN $37,487 CAMP ROBERT, SAN MIGUEL, CA $3,903 CAMP ROWLAND, NIANTIC, CT ($5,010) CAMP SAN LUIS OBISPO, CA $994 CAMP SANTIAGO, SALINAS, PUERTO RICO $3,907,558 CAMP SHELBY JOINT FORCES TRAINING CENTER, MS $24,152 CAMP WALKER LODGING, KOREA $8,222 CAMP WALKER, DAEGU, KOREA $323 CAMP WILLIAMS, RIVERTON, UT $51,417 CAMP ZAMA, JAPAN $322,217 CARLISLE BARRACKS, PA $271,328 CHARLES
    [Show full text]
  • SOURCE LIST APPLICATION TO: (Enter Name & Address of Exchange Purchasing Activity) DATE
    ARMY & AIR FORCE EXCHANGE SERVICE SOURCE LIST APPLICATION TO: (enter name & address of Exchange purchasing activity) DATE INITIAL APPLICATION REVISED APPLICATION SECTION I - GENERAL This is an application to be added to the Exchange source file to provide the merchandise, food, supplies, equipment, services or construction indicated herein. Send an application to all Exchange activities where you desire to be included in the source file. The application must be signed by an officer of your firm. If you fail to respond to solicitations or presolicitation notices it will be understood by the Exchange to indicate lack of interest and concurrence in the removal of your name from the source files for the items/services concerned. SECTION II - SOURCE FILE DATA FIRM NAME & ADDRESS (enter complete address, including PERSON(S) AUTHORIZED TO COMMIT YOUR FIRM CONTRACTUALLY zip code, actual street address preferred) NAME TITLE EMAIL a. b. c. E-MAIL: (required) TIN NO. DUNS NO. TELEPHONE NO. FAX NO. TYPE OF ORGANIZATION TYPE OF BUSINESS INDIVIDUAL MANUFACTURER OR PRODUCER ADDRESS TO WHICH SOLICITATIONS ARE TO BE MAILED (If different from above) PARTNERSHIP REGULAR DEALER CORPORATION, INCORPORATION SERVICE ESTABLISHMENT IN THE STATE OR COUNTRY OF CONSTRUCTION FIRM OTHER (specify): OTHER (specify): TYPE OF OWNERSHIP: (check only where the contract is to be performed in the United States, its possessions and Puerto Rico) VETERAN-OWNED BUSINESS MINORITY BUSINESS ENTERPRISE (see definition below & check appropriate box) WOMEN-OWNED BUSINESS SMALL BUSINESS TOTAL SALES FOR LAST (see definition below) TWELVE MONTHS SMALL DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS YES NO (see definition below) OTHER SERVICE DISABLED VETERAN-OWNED BUSINESS INDICATE IF OWNER OR OFFICER IS ACTIVE The term "minority business" means a business concern (1) which is at least 51 percent YES NO MILITARY, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • US Biological Warfare Program Historical
    Description of document: U.S. Biological Warfare Program Historical Preservation, BW Database Thesaurus, prepared for: Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) Alexandria, VA, November 22, 1993 Posted date: 04-June-2008 Title of Document As above DTRA FOIA Contacts: FOIA/PA Office (DIR-COSM-F) Defense Threat Reduction Agency 8725 John J. Kingman Road MSC 6201 Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6201 FOIA/Privacy Hotline: Voice: (703)767-1792 Fax Requests: (703)767-3623 E-Mail Requests: [email protected] Notes: Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) was renamed the Defense Special Weapons Agency (DSWA) in 1996 Defense Special Weapons Agency was rolled into the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) at its creation in 1998 The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. ,: .. ,­ Contract No. DlA 900-86-C-2045 Modification No P00345, Clin No. 0002MZ DNA MIPR # 93-663 U.S. BIOLOGICAL WARFARE PROGRAM HISTORICAL PRESERVATION BW DATABASE THESAURUS Prepared For: DEFENSE NUCLEAR AGENCY ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA ,...
    [Show full text]