29-02Varbulletin A1b.Pdf (8.478Mb)
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
US Army Has Admitted to Conducting 100S of Germ Warfare Tests on Americans
US Army Has Admitted to Conducting 100s of Germ Warfare Tests On Americans The U.S. Army has admitted that it secretly conducted at least 239 germ warfare tests in locations across the country, targeting unsuspecting Americans. By Rachel Blevins, April 28, 2018 https://thefreethoughtproject.com/army-admitted-conducting-hundreds-germ-warfare-tests- americans/ While the United States government claims to be horrified every time there are reports of a chemical attack that was allegedly carried out by the Syrian government, history serves as a reminder that the U.S. is responsible for carrying out a number of chemical attacks on thousands of unsuspecting Americans, and some of the innocent victims are still suffering from the effects today. In 1977, the U.S. Army admitted that it secretly conducted at least 239 germ warfare tests in the open air in cities across the country between 1949 and 1969. The areas where the lethal germs were simulated on the public were typically in major cities such as Washington D.C., San Francisco, New York City, Key West and Panama City, according to a report the Army submitted to the Senate Health Subcommittee. In the report, the Army insisted that the purpose of the tests was to study how biological warfare affects the public, in case it needs to defend against it. Calling tests “essential,” the Army claimed it needed to “substantiate theories and fill knowledge gaps and to determine vulnerability to attack.” According to a report from the Washington Post, the release of the Army’s censored report was “the most complete official version of this nation’s biological warfare effort,” and it revealed that in addition to public areas, military personnel and their families were also targeted: “The Army listed 27 times that it tested simulated toxins on public property, including releasing spores in two tunnels on a stretch of Pennsylvania Turnpike. -
Transparency in Past Offensive Biological Weapon Programmes
Transparency in past offensive biological weapon programmes An analysis of Confidence Building Measure Form F 1992-2003 Nicolas Isla Occasional Paper No. 1 June 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary................................................................................................................................ 3 1. Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Analysis and evaluation of declared data on past offensive BW programmes........................ 8 2.1. Canada....................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2. France........................................................................................................................................ 10 2.3. Iraq............................................................................................................................................. 13 2.4. Russian Federation................................................................................................................... 15 2.5. South Africa.............................................................................................................................. 18 2.6. United Kingdom...................................................................................................................... 20 2.7. United States............................................................................................................................ -
Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents
War Related Illness and Injury Study Center WRIISC Post-Deployment Health Services _____Department of Veterans Affairs ] CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS - FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQs) A RESOURCE FOR VETERANS, SERVICE MEMBERS, AND THEIR FAMILIES To help WRIISC best respond to the concerns of Veterans and health care providers, we've compiled a list of frequently asked questions. WHAT ARE CHEMICAL AND These were classified medical studies that the BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS? Department of Defense (DoD) did to evaluate the impact of low-dose chemical warfare agents on • Use of military chemical warfare agents has been military personnel and to test protective clothing and reported since World War I. pharmaceuticals. • Biological and chemical warfare agents include a wide o The National Academies of Science (NAS) variety of substances that are typically defined as reviewed the potential for long term health being toxic or harmful to the human body. effects and did not find any significant long term • Examples of chemical warfare agents include nerve physical harm except for Veterans exposed to agents like sarin and soman; blister agents like sulfur larger doses of mustard agents. These studies mustard; and toxic industrialized chemicals such as were published in "Possible Long-Term Health chlorine or ammonia that are released by using a Effects of Short Term Exposure to Chemical weapon. Examples of biological warfare agents may Agents." In a follow-up study, NAS reported that include anthrax and viruses that cause disease such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could occur smallpox. as a result of "perceived exposure to biochemical warfare agents." • These “warfare” agents are intentionally released into the environment with the goal of causing harm to humans. -
SIPRI Yearbook 2004: Armaments, Disarmament and International
16. Chemical and biological warfare developments and arms control RICHARD GUTHRIE, JOHN HART, FRIDA KUHLAU and JACQUELINE SIMON I. Introduction A new form of annual meetings for states parties to the 1972 Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC)1 and the First Review Conference of the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) were held in 2003,2 and a new ad hoc cooperative mechanism aimed at stopping the spread of chemical and biological methods of warfare, the Proliferation Security Initiative (PSI), was established.3 In 2003 the military occupation of Iraq also occurred, and Libya unilaterally renounced chemical and biological weapons. The first of the annual series of expert and political meetings of states par- ties to the BTWC was held in accordance with the decision of the reconvened 2002 Fifth BTWC Review Conference. These are scheduled to continue until the Sixth Review Conference in 2006. The focus of the meetings in 2003 was on ensuring that the parties adopt the necessary national measures to imple- ment the convention’s prohibitions, including through the enactment of penal legislation, and on establishing and effectively implementing national mechan- isms to maintain the security and oversight of pathogenic organisms and toxins. The First Review Conference of the CWC agreed two documents: a political declaration and a consolidated review document that identifies implementation areas requiring attention and recommends measures for improvement. A special conference of the parties to the CWC, held during the review confer- ence, took a final decision to implement a policy that limits the tenure of employees in the Technical Secretariat (TS) of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) to seven years. -
2. History of Chemical and Biological Warfare
History of Chemical and Biological Warfare: An American Perspective Chapter 2 HISTORY OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WARFARE: AN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVE JEFFERY K. SMART, M.A.* INTRODUCTION PRE–WORLD WAR I DEVELOPMENTS WORLD WAR I THE 1920S: THE LEAN YEARS THE 1930S: THE GROWING THREAT OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WARFARE THE 1940S: WORLD WAR II AND THE NUCLEAR AGE THE 1950S: HEYDAY OF THE CHEMICAL CORPS THE 1960S: DECADE OF TURMOIL THE 1970S: THE NEAR END OF THE CHEMICAL CORPS THE 1980S: THE RETURN OF THE CHEMICAL CORPS THE 1990S: THE THREAT MATERIALIZES SUMMARY *Command Historian, U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5423 9 Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare INTRODUCTION Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary defines or biological warfare went virtually unnoticed by the term “chemical warfare,” first used in 1917, the U.S. Army. By the end of World War I, the situ- as “tactical warfare using incendiary mixtures, ation had drastically changed. Chemical warfare smokes, or irritant, burning, poisonous, or asphyx- had been used against and by American soldiers iating gases.” A working definition of a chem- on the battlefield. Biological warfare had been used ical agent is “a chemical which is intended for covertly on several fronts. In an effort to determine use in military operations to kill, seriously injure, what had gone wrong with their planning and train- or incapacitate man because of its physiological ing, U.S. Army officers prepared a history of chemi- effects. Excluded from consideration are riot con- cal and biological warfare. To their surprise, they trol agents, chemical herbicides and smoke found numerous documented cases of chemical and and flame materials.”1(p1-1) Chemical agents were biological agents having been used or proposed to usually divided into five categories: nerve agents, influence the outcome of a battle or campaign. -
MICROCOMP Output File
S. HRG. 107–861 THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE’S INQUIRY INTO PROJECT 112/SHIPBOARD HAZARD AND DE- FENSE (SHAD) TESTS HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON PERSONNEL OF THE COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED SEVENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION OCTOBER 10, 2002 Printed for the use of the Committee on Armed Services ( U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 84–856 PDF WASHINGTON : 2003 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 11-SEP-98 08:18 Apr 03, 2003 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 84856.CON SARMSER2 PsN: SARMSER2 COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES CARL LEVIN, Michigan, Chairman EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts JOHN WARNER, Virginia ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia STROM THURMOND, South Carolina JOSEPH I. LIEBERMAN, Connecticut JOHN MCCAIN, Arizona MAX CLELAND, Georgia BOB SMITH, New Hampshire MARY L. LANDRIEU, Louisiana JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma JACK REED, Rhode Island RICK SANTORUM, Pennsylvania DANIEL K. AKAKA, Hawaii PAT ROBERTS, Kansas BILL NELSON, Florida WAYNE ALLARD, Colorado E. BENJAMIN NELSON, Nebraska TIM HUTCHINSON, Arkansas JEAN CARNAHAN, Missouri JEFF SESSIONS, Alabama MARK DAYTON, Minnesota SUSAN COLLINS, Maine JEFF BINGAMAN, New Mexico JIM BUNNING, Kentucky DAVID S. LYLES, Staff Director JUDITH A. ANSLEY, Republican Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON PERSONNEL MAX CLELAND, Georgia, Chairman EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts TIM HUTCHINSON, Arkansas JACK REED, Rhode Island STROM THURMOND, South Carolina DANIEL K. AKAKA, Hawaii JOHN MCCAIN, Arizona BILL NELSON, Florida WAYNE ALLARD, Colorado JEAN CARNAHAN, Missouri SUSAN COLLINS, Maine (II) VerDate 11-SEP-98 08:18 Apr 03, 2003 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 84856.CON SARMSER2 PsN: SARMSER2 C O N T E N T S CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF WITNESSES THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE’S INQUIRY INTO PROJECT 112/SHIPBOARD HAZARD AND DEFENSE (SHAD) TESTS OCTOBER 10, 2002 Page Thompson, Hon. -
In the Us Biological Warfare Programs Volume I
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY US ARMY RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING COMMAND 5183 BLACKHAWK ROAD ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD 21010-5424 REPLY TO ATTENTION OF: December 3, 2009 Office of the Chief Counsel Mr. John Greenewald Dear Mr. Greenewald: This is the final response to your FOIA request dated March 13, 2009, for a copy of all documents pertaining to a 1977 incident that the U.S. Army had staged a mock biological attack on San Francisco, California. The Research, Development and Engineering Command located the record, US Army Activity in the U.S. Biological Warfare Program, 1942-1977s, Volume 1. 25 February 1977. I enclosed a redacted version of the record. Additionally, we located an excerpt from the book Clouds of Secrecy, The Army’s Germ Warfare Tests over Populated Areas, written by Leonard A. Cole. Mr. Cole’s book is available to the general public on the open market. The redacted record was subject to FOIA exemption (b)(2) HIGH. Exemption (b)(2) HIGH protects substantial internal matters where disclosure would risk circumvention of a legal requirement. Additionally, the redacted information is sensitive to internal Army operations. Mr. Brian May, Research, Development and Engineering Command’s Freedom of Information Act Officer, conducted a brief search of the Defense Technical Information Center secure library and determined additional records may exist. If you seek additional information on this subject, I suggest you submit a Freedom of Information Act request with the Defense Technical Information Center using the title of the enclosed record. I provided the Defense Technical Information Center, Freedom of Information Act Office’s website below. -
US Biological Warfare Program Historical
Description of document: U.S. Biological Warfare Program Historical Preservation, BW Database Thesaurus, prepared for: Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) Alexandria, VA, November 22, 1993 Posted date: 04-June-2008 Title of Document As above DTRA FOIA Contacts: FOIA/PA Office (DIR-COSM-F) Defense Threat Reduction Agency 8725 John J. Kingman Road MSC 6201 Fort Belvoir, VA 22060-6201 FOIA/Privacy Hotline: Voice: (703)767-1792 Fax Requests: (703)767-3623 E-Mail Requests: [email protected] Notes: Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) was renamed the Defense Special Weapons Agency (DSWA) in 1996 Defense Special Weapons Agency was rolled into the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) at its creation in 1998 The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. ,: .. , Contract No. DlA 900-86-C-2045 Modification No P00345, Clin No. 0002MZ DNA MIPR # 93-663 U.S. BIOLOGICAL WARFARE PROGRAM HISTORICAL PRESERVATION BW DATABASE THESAURUS Prepared For: DEFENSE NUCLEAR AGENCY ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA ,... -
Medical Aspects of Chemical and Biological Warfare, Index
Index INDEX A Aircrew uniform, integrated battlefield (AUIB), 373 Air delivery Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, 398, 409–410 history, 28, 31, 34–35, 49–50 See also Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland See also Aerosol; Inhalational injury; specific agent ABG Airplane smoke tanks, 31 See Arterial blood gases (ABG) AIT Abortion See Aeromedical Isolation Team (AIT) septic, in brucellosis, 516 Alarms, 377–383 Abrin, 610, 632 biological agent, 431 Abrus precatorius, 610, 632 history, 23, 53, 60–62, 66–67 AC LOPAIR, E33 Area Scanning, 53 See Hydrogen cyanide (AC) M8A1 Automatic Chemical Agent, 380–381 Acetaminophen, 627 M21 Remote Sensing Chemical Agent (RSCAAL), 381 Acetylcholine (ACh), 132–134, 136, 159, 647 Portable Automatic Chemical Agent, 60–62 Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), 131–132, 134, 182–184 See also Detection Acetylene tetrachloride, 34 Alastrim, 543 Acid hydrolysis, 355 Alexander, Stewart, 103 Action potential, 133 Algal toxins, 457, 609, 617 Activated charcoal, 217, 362–363, 366, 370, 373, 670 Alimentary toxic aleukia (ATA), 659, 667 Adamsite Alkaline hydrolysis, 355 See DM (diphenylaminearsine) Allergic contact sensitivity, 238–239, 249, 314, 316–317 Additives, 122 a -Naphthylthiourea (ANTU), 638 Adenine arabinoside (Ara-A), 553 Alphaviruses, 562 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), 275, 383, 431 antigenic classification, 564–565 S-Adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase inhibitors, 552 structure and replication, 569–570 Adenoviridae, 575, 683 See also Viral encephalitides; specific virus Adrenaline, 132 Alphavirus virion, 569 Adrenergic nervous system, -
Assessing Health Outcomes Among Veterans of Project SHAD (Shipboard Hazard and Defense)
Assessing Health Outcomes Among Veterans of Project SHAD (Shipboard Hazard and Defense) Committee on Shipboard Hazard and Defense II (SHAD II) Board on the Health of Select Populations Institute of Medicine Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Assessing Health Outcomes Among Veterans of Project SHAD (Shipboard Hazard and Defense) THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 This activity was supported by Task Order No. 2 under Contract No. VA241-P-2024 from the Department of Veterans Affairs, with additional support from the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Medicine. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-38071-3 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-38071-5 Additional copies of this report are available for sale from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu. Copyright 2016 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2016. Assessing health outcomes among veterans of Project SHAD (Shipboard Hazard and Defense). Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Assessing Health Outcomes Among Veterans of Project SHAD (Shipboard Hazard and Defense) The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. -
Guide to the Sussex Harvard Information Bank
July 2010 Guide to the Sussex Harvard Information Bank Origin, purpose and scope Otherwise known as SHIB, the Sussex Harvard Information Bank on Chemical/Biological-Warfare Armament and Arms Limitation is a component of the Harvard Sussex Program (HSP) that charitable foundations have long been supporting at Harvard and Sussex universities so as to promote scholarly inputs into the formation of public policy regarding chemical and biological weapons (CBW). SHIB is the product of a concerted and continuing effort to acquire up-to-date information about CBW and to make that information available not only to HSP staff and associates but also (within obvious limits) to the wider community. It gives strength to the research, teaching and wider outreach activities of HSP. Possession of CBW is nowadays prohibited by international law binding upon the great majority of states. HSP looks for ways of preventing any resurgence of CBW through governance of applicable technology. So SHIB exists in order to facilitate and empower policy- orientated research in the field of CBW disarmament, technology governance and associated international regime formation and implementation. The secrecies and sensitivities associated with CBW have always restricted the information available for such research. The design and content of SHIB are meant as countermeasures. This objective directs the emphases in SHIB's holdings and in the way in which the holdings are organized. Thus, there is a particular emphasis on acquisition of uptodate political information, a current-awareness function that is also expressed in the News Chronology section of the HSP quarterly journal, The CBW Conventions Bulletin, founded in 1988 (as Chemical Weapons Convention Bulletin until its renaming in 1997). -
T To: 1 Inel Info Eytor
A F T DEPARTNENT OF THE ARMY CiiEHXCAL CORPS ADVISORY COUNCIL Army Chemica Center, Md. CMLAC 31- l962 SUBJECT8 R€prt8 and Recowndations To: Medmra, ,Chemical Coxpa Advisory Counoil Associate Msmbers, Chemical Corps Advlaory Co&il 1, Ths inclosed reports and recommendations, nrde by the Conmittees of the Chemical Corps Adaory Counoil during the period 1 January 1962 to 31 May 1962, will be considered by the Council at its 18-19 Jam 1962 .nmting, 2, In the rewrt to be given on the oombined meeting of the Agqtnta and Engineering and Production Committees, the Agent8 Committee will report on Observations 70, 9- and 10162, and Recomnendation8 3- and 84. T?rs Engineering and Produation Codttee will report on Observations 8- and 11.62, and Recomnendations I-, So, 6- and 7-62. 3. Council members are advised that tb time alloted for preparing the observations and reconrmendations for preesntstion to the chief Chem%aal Officer is limited to tm, hours, Therefore, meadPers should brin&$L draft copy, with any changes or suggestfons noted thereon, to thecounc meeting. 4, Thb copies furnished to Asaoahte Hembers are for informtion and should be brought to the meeting for referenee purpose^^^ 1 Inel AC-62-c-6 Info eytor Pers, OCCmlO Log Dir, OCCmlO Dr, Glassman G91 C z r w- I. , NCLRSSlFl ED 4 REPORTS AND RZCOMMEIIIDATIONS OF THE MEETINGS OF THE COMMITTEES OF THE CHEMICAL CORPS ADVISORY COUNCIL Schools and Wainha Committee 23-24 February 1962 9 Agents and Engineering & Production Comndt tees 8-9 March 1962 6 Protective Committee 3-3 April 1962 12 Dissemination & Testing Committee May Field 17-18 1962 16 I Medical Committee 24-25 May 1962 20 This document consists of .