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Tapioca Vermicelli Consumption of the Household Around Tapioca Vermicelli Agroindustry at Metro City, Lampung Province

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Tapioca Vermicelli Consumption of the Household Around Tapioca Vermicelli Agroindustry at Metro City, Lampung Province Journal of Sustainability Science and Management eISSN: 2672-7226 Volume 15 Number 2, February 2020: 45-55 © Penerbit UMT TAPIOCA VERMICELLI CONSUMPTION OF THE HOUSEHOLD AROUND TAPIOCA VERMICELLI AGROINDUSTRY AT METRO CITY, LAMPUNG PROVINCE WURYANINGSIH DWI SAYEKTI*, DYAH ARING HEPIANA LESTARI AND RADEN HANUNG ISMONO Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro No. 1 Bandar Lampung, 35145 Indonesia. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: Tapioca vermicelli as local food processed potential for food diversification. This research aimed to study the pattern of tapioca vermicelli consumption of the household around vermicelli agroindustry and to analyse factors which influenced the household vermicelli consumption. This research was conducted by survey method, located at Metro City Lampung Province. The population of this research were household around the tapioca vermicelli agroindustry. The 71 household sample was taken proportionally random and the respondent was housewives. Interview base on the questionnaire was used for collecting data and the vermicelli consumption data were collected by recall method on February-April 2017. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistic and multiple linear regression. The result showed that the household tapioca vermicelli consumption was 124,30 gram/household/week, the frequency was 3 times a week, and consumed as bakso (meatball). The factors that influenced the household tapioca vermicelli consumption were household income, knowledge of diversification, and the psychological readiness to food diversification. Keywords: Consumption, diversification, pattern, tapioca, vermicelli. Abbreviations: [Tapioca Vermicelli Consumption of the Household in Metro City Lampung]. Introduction capita/day. Therefore, the appropriate strategy The food diversification program has long been is needed to increase the consumption of tubers proclaimed by the Indonesian government (Ministry of Agriculture, 2017). To accelerate since 1974 with the issuance of Presidential food diversification, in 2009 the government Instruction (Inpres) about Improvement of the issued Presidential Decree No 22 of 2009 about People’s Food Menu. Although the program of Food Diversification Acceleration Policy Based food diversification has long been declared the on Local Resource. The presidential regulation results have not been as expected. The food becomes a stepping stone in developing local diversification program that the achievement food in realizing food diversification. Local is measured by the Food Hope Pattern (Pola food can be either fresh or processed. There is Pangan Harapan/PPH) shows that PPH score of no legal or universally accepted definition of 2016 is 86.0 just slightly below the target of 86.2. local food. In part, it is a geographical concept However, when seen from the consumption per related to the distance between food producers food group has not reached the ideal conditions. and consumers. In addition to the geographic Tuber, animal, bean, vegetable, and fruit food proximity of producer and consumer, however, groups have increased but are still under ideal local food can also be defi ned in terms of social conditions (Ministry of Agriculture, 2017). and supply chain characteristics (Martinez et al., 2010). Eating locally is correlated with improved In the annual report of Food Security nutrition, increased likelihood of making Agency 2016, it was stated that the consumption healthier food choices, obesity prevention, and of energy of the tubers of 49.5 kcal/capita/day reduced risk of diet-related chronic disease. This is still far below the PPH standard of 120 kcal/ Wuryaningsih Dwi Sayekti et al 46 is mainly because the food is more nutritious, or consumer behaviour (Drewnowski, 2012). fresher, and less processed (Martinez et al., Proposed a consumer decision-making model 2010). Local food commodities that have been that has three components: input, process, and studied and have been tested on an industrial output (Schiffman & Kanuk, 2007; Milner & scale include sweet potato, corn, and cassava Rosenstreich, 2013). The input types are grouped (Muchtadi & Sukmawati, 2012; Khaeron, 2016; into marketing inputs and socio-cultural input. Glenna et al., 2017; Epeju & Rukundo, 2018). Associated with the socio-cultural aspects, this Among the various processed foods based study adopted the concept of psychological on cassava, noodles made from cassava is one readiness on food diversification (Hidayah, of the products that have been cultivated in the 2011). Psychological readiness to diversify National Strategic Leading Research (Rusnas) food will determine the success of socialization in 2002 (Muchtadi & Sukmawati, 2012). In of food diversification (Hidayah, 2011). Lampung Province, the vermicelli made from Psychological readiness on food diversification cassava, known as mi aci (tapioca vermicelli) includes knowledge, attitudes toward food have been known for a long time in certain diversification, and a tendency to consume areas, but not evenly distributed throughout food sources of non-rice carbohydrates. The the region, even in Bandar Lampung (Capital concept of psychological readiness delivered of Lampung Province), tapioca vermicelli is by Hidayah (2011) was applied in this study not available in the market. It shows that the to determine its effect on one of the specific socialization of tapioca vermicelli as one of the processed cassava consumption as potential locally processed food in the diversification of diversification food, namely tapioca vermicelli. food consumption is not yet widely known, so Hidayah’s research (2011) does not connect its consumption is still limited. psychological readiness and other variables with specific commodities, such as this Economically and nutrition, cassava research. From this research, it is expected to is feasible to be developed as a staple food obtain information on factors that determine the (Arief, Novitasari, & Asnawi, 2018). Tapioca potential specific food for consumption food vermicelli agroindustry in Lampung Province diversification. Tapioca vermicelli is a potential gives positive added value (Lestari, 2007; food to support food diversification because Fitriani, Unteawati, Mutaqin, & Sutarni, 2018; vermicelli is a type of noodle food, meanwhile, Milner & Rosenstreich, 2013). If economically noodles are a type of food whose consumption is profitable and feasible to be developed, tapioca significantly increased in the food consumption vermicelli has potential as local food processed patterns of Indonesian. This study aims to study that can accelerate the diversification of food the consumption pattern of tapioca vermicelli consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to by households around tapioca vermicelli examine the consumption pattern of tapioca agroindustry and analyze the factors that affect vermicelli in the community. the consumption of tapioca vermicelli. Food consumption is related to food selection. Various factors affect the selection Materials and Methods of food. The selection of food is determined by economic factors and access to food and Location, Time of Study, and Sampling behavioural factors (Drewnowski, 2012; Vabo & Technique Hansen, 2014; Dimitri & Rogus, 2014). Access The study was conducted in the Metro City of to food is related to food availability and affects Lampung Province, using the survey method. food consumption of carbohydrate sources Site selection is done purposively with the (Kearney, 2010; Apriani & Baliwati, 2011; consideration of Metro City is the production Muchtadi & Sukmawati, 2012). Behavioural centre of tapioca vermicelli. Data collection was factors, in this case, are individual behaviour conducted from February to March 2017. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management Volume 15 Number 2, February 2020: 45-55 TAPIOCA VERMICELLI CONSUMPTION OF THE HOUSEHOLD AROUND TAPIOCA VERMICELLI 47 Households around the tapioca vermicelli Results and Discussion agroindustry of Cap Bulan, Cap Dua Jangkar, Social Economic Condition of Household Cap Motor, and Cap Monas Lancar in Metro City covered in three urban villages are the The number of respondents who are all population of this study, while households are housewives is 71 people. Age of housewives the unit of analysis. Several households in that mostly ranged from 23-43 years as many as area are 1,022 families. Based on the formula 48 people (63.38%). The level of education of Isaac and Michael, from the study population of housewives is mostly between 6-12 years determined a sample of 71 families (Isaac old (SD-SLTA) that is as many as 33 people & Michael, 1995). The number of samples (46.48%). Households in the study area were from each urban villages was determined included in the criteria of small households with proportionally, so that the samples obtained the number of members ≤ 4 persons as many as 57 in the villages of Banjarsari, Karangrejo, households (80.28%). Most housewives do not and Iringmulyo were 40, 24, and 7 families, work for a living, this group includes 43 people respectively. The selection of household samples (60.56%). Household income in Metro City was carried out in a simple random sampling ranges from Rp750,000.00 to Rp5,000,000.00 with an average of Rp2,149,295.00 per month. Data Collection and Analysis Level of Introduction of Tapioca Vermicelli The type of data used is primary and secondary data. Primary data included income data, Vermicelli is one type of noodle
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