Indicator-Based Pharmacovigilance Assessment Tool: Manual for Conducting Assessments in Developing Countries
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Drug Safety Oversight Board Members
April 29, 2021 Drug Safety Oversight Board (DSOB) Roster Chair • Douglas Throckmorton, M.D., Deputy Director for Regulatory Programs Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Executive Director • Terry Toigo, R.Ph, MBA Associate Director for Drug Safety Operations, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) Office of the Center Director (OCD) Primary Member: • Robert Temple, M.D., Deputy Director for Clinical Science Office of New Drugs (OND) Primary Member: • Mary Thanh Hai, M.D., Deputy Director, Office of New Drugs Alternate Members: • Peter Stein, M.D., Director, Office of New Drugs • Ellis Unger, M.D., Director, Office of Office of Cardiology, Hematology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology (OCHEN) Office of Medical Policy (OMP) Primary Member: • Jacqueline Corrigan-Curay, Director Alternate Member: • Leonard V. Sacks, Mgr. Supervisory Medical Officer Office of Generic Drugs (OGD) Primary Member: • Linda Forsyth, M.D., Division of Clinical Review Alternate Member: • Vacant Office of Surveillance and Epidemiology (OSE) Primary Members: • Mark I. Avigan, M.D., Associate Director for Critical Path Initiatives • Judy Zander, M.D., Director, Office of Pharmacoviligance and Epidemiology (OPE) Alternate Members: • Gerald DalPan, M.D., M.H.S., Director, OSE • S. Chris Jones, Deputy Director, Division of Pharmacovigilance (DPV) II • Judy Staffa, Ph.D., R.Ph., Associate Director for Public Health Initiatives -Page 1 of 4- April 29, 2021 • Cynthia LaCivita, R.Ph, Director, Division -
2020 Standards for Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services
2020 Standards for Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services The International Network of Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services The International HPH Secretariat is based out of the office of OptiMedis AG: Burchardstrasse 17 20095 Hamburg Germany Phone: +49 40 22621149-0 Fax: +49 40 22621149-14 Email: [email protected] © The International Network of Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services 2020 The International Network of Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services welcomes requests for permission to translate or reproduce this document in part or full. Please seek formal permission from the International HPH Secretariat. Recommended citation: International Network of Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services. 2020 Standards for Health Promoting Hospitals and Health Services. Hamburg, Germany: International HPH Network; December, 2020. Acknowledgements This document is the result of the efforts of many individuals and groups dedicated to the implementation of health promotion in and by hospitals and health services. We would like to thank members of the International HPH Network for their support of and input to the development process and all former and current leaders and members of HPH Task Forces and Working Groups for the production of standards on which this comprehensive standards set is based. Special thanks are due to National and Regional HPH Network Coordinators, subject experts, Standing Observers, and our Governance Board who devoted their time and provided invaluable input during consultation processes. We would further like to acknowledge Dr. Rainer Christ, Ms. Birgit Metzler, Ms. Keriin Katsaros, Dr. Sally Fawkes, and Prof. Margareta Kristenson who advised on the process leading to this document and critically assessed its content. -
Medical Toxicology Milestone Project
The Medical Toxicology Milestone Project A Joint Initiative of The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and The American Board of Emergency Medicine July 2015 The Medical Toxicology Milestone Project The Milestones are designed only for use in evaluation of the fellow in the context of their participation in ACGME-accredited residency or fellowship programs. The Milestones provide a framework for assessment of the development of the fellow in key dimensions of the elements of physician competency in a specialty or subspecialty. They neither represent the entirety of the dimensions of the six domains of physician competency, nor are they designed to be relevant in any other context. i Medical Toxicology Milestones Chair: Susanne White, MD Working Group Advisory Group Michele M. Burns, MD, MPH Timothy Brigham, MDiv, PhD Beth Baker, MD Wallace Carter, MD Laura Edgar, EdD, CAE William W. Greaves, MD, MSPH Lewis Nelson, MD Robert Johnson, MD Louis Ling, MD Earl Reisdorff, MD ii Milestone Reporting This document presents milestones designed for programs to use in semi-annual review of fellow performance and reporting to the ACGME. Milestones are knowledge, skills, attitudes, and other attributes for each of the ACGME competencies organized in a developmental framework from less to more advanced. They are descriptors and targets for fellow performance as a fellow moves from entry into fellowship through graduation. In the initial years of implementation, the Review Committee will examine milestone performance data for each program’s fellows as one element in the Next Accreditation System (NAS) to determine whether fellows overall are progressing. For each period, review and reporting will involve selecting milestone levels that best describe a fellow’s current performance and attributes. -
Approach to the Poisoned Patient
PED-1407 Chocolate to Crystal Methamphetamine to the Cinnamon Challenge - Emergency Approach to the Intoxicated Child BLS 08 / ALS 75 / 1.5 CEU Target Audience: All Pediatric and adolescent ingestions are common reasons for 911 dispatches and emergency department visits. With greater availability of medications and drugs, healthcare professionals need to stay sharp on current trends in medical toxicology. This lecture examines mind altering substances, initial prehospital approach to toxicology and stabilization for transport, poison control center resources, and ultimate emergency department and intensive care management. Pediatric Toxicology Dr. James Burhop Pediatric Emergency Medicine Children’s Hospital of the Kings Daughters Objectives • Epidemiology • History of Poisoning • Review initial assessment of the child with a possible ingestion • General management principles for toxic exposures • Case Based (12 common pediatric cases) • Emerging drugs of abuse • Cathinones, Synthetics, Salvia, Maxy/MCAT, 25I, Kratom Epidemiology • 55 Poison Centers serving 295 million people • 2.3 million exposures in 2011 – 39% are children younger than 3 years – 52% in children younger than 6 years • 1-800-222-1222 2011 Annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System Introduction • 95% decline in the number of pediatric poisoning deaths since 1960 – child resistant packaging – heightened parental awareness – more sophisticated interventions – poison control centers Epidemiology • Unintentional (1-2 -
Medical Toxicology Education in US Emergency
YAJEM-57358; No of Pages 2 American Journal of Emergency Medicine xxx (2018) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect American Journal of Emergency Medicine journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ajem Medical toxicology education in US emergency medicine residencies pursuing fellowship while programs with a rotation (elective or manda- tory) reported an average of 1.15 graduates (SD: 1.4; range: 0–7) (p = 0.015). Programs offering a rotation had a statistically significantly Keywords: higher number of TOX faculty than those without (p = 0.008). Emergency medicine Medical toxicology Amongst the 57 programs that did not respond to the survey re- Residency quest, 25 had neither a mandatory or elective rotation listed on their Education website. Only 5 of these programs had at least 1 board certified/eligible medical toxicology faculty. 8 programs offered an elective in medical toxicology and 24 offered a mandatory rotation. Programs with rotation had an average of 1.25 faculty (SD 1.22 and range 0–5). Duration of Medical toxicology (TOX), a core content area of the American Board rotations was: 4 weeks (n = 20; 63%), 3 weeks (n = 3; 9%), 2 weeks of Emergency Medicine [1] and an American Board of Medical Special- (n = 6; 19%), and 1 week (n = 3; 9%). ties (ABMS) recognized subspecialty of Emergency Medicine (EM), We describe the nature of TOX education amongst US-EM-residency Pediatrics, and Preventive Medicine [2] focuses on the “diagnosis, man- programs. agement, and prevention of poisoning and other adverse effects due to We demonstrate a statistically significant difference in the number medications, occupational and environmental toxicants and biological of board-certified TOX faculty and graduates pursuing TOX fellowship agents” [3] The importance of TOX training has long been recognized. -
Promoting Hygiene
74 CHAPTER 9 Promoting hygiene The goal of hygiene promotion is to help people to understand and develop good hygiene practices, so as to prevent disease and promote positive atti- tudes towards cleanliness. Several community development activities can be used to achieve this goal, including education and learning programmes, encouraging community management of environmental health facilities, and social mobilization and organization. Hygiene promotion is not simply a matter of providing information. It is more a dialogue with communities about hygiene and related health problems, to encourage improved hygiene practices. Some key steps for establishing a hygiene promotion project, possibly with support from an outside agency, are listed in the text box below. Establishing a hygiene promotion project • Evaluate whether current hygiene practices are good/safe. • Plan which good hygiene practices to promote. • Implement a health promotion programme that meets community needs and is understandable by everyone. • Monitor and evaluate the programme to see whether it is meeting targets. 9.1 Assessing hygiene practices To assess whether good hygiene is practised by your community, some of the methods discussed in section 2.2 can be used. It is particularly important to identify behaviours that spread pathogens. The following are the riskiest behaviours: • The unsafe disposal of faeces. • Not washing hands with soap after defecating. • The unsafe collection and storage of water. CHAPTER 9. PROMOTING HYGIENE 75 Key questions for assessing hygiene -
Public Health Promotion and Protection, Disease Prevention,And Emergency Preparedness
Chapter 3 Strategic Goal 2: Public Health Promotion and Protection, Disease Prevention,and Emergency Preparedness Prevent and control disease, injury, illness, and disability across the lifespan, and protect the public from infectious, occupational, environmental, and terrorist threats. CHAPTER 3: PUBLIC HEALTH PROMOTION AND PROTECTION, DISEASE PREVENTION,AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS Throughout the 20th century, advances in public health and medicine resulted in reduced morbidity and mortality STRATEGIC GOAL 2: from infectious diseases, including influenza, polio, and PUBLIC HEALTH PROMOTION AND PROTECTION, foodborne and waterborne illnesses. Chronic diseases, DISEASE PREVENTION, AND EMERGENCY such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, and diabetes, PREPAREDNESS replaced infectious diseases as the major cause of illness Strategic Objective 2.1: and death in the United States in the latter part of the 20th Prevent the spread of infectious diseases. century. In the new millennium, the Nation continues to face the challenge of chronic disease because of unhealthy Strategic Objective 2.2: and risky behaviors, environmental exposures, and an Protect the public against injuries and aging population. environmental threats. Strategic Objective 2.3: Promote and encourage preventive health care, including mental health, lifelong healthy behaviors, and recovery. Strategic Objective 2.4: Prepare for and respond to natural and manmade disasters. HHS STRATEGIC PLAN FY 2007-2012 59 CHAPTER 3: PUBLIC HEALTH PROMOTION AND PROTECTION, DISEASE PREVENTION,AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS Today, chronic diseases continue to be significant health The 21st century is also marked by the threat of public problems that face Americans. As HHS works to address health emergencies. These threats have become a these health issues, infectious diseases have reemerged significant focus for public health at the Federal, State, as a priority for public health in the United States. -
Hygiene Promotion – Hubley, J
WATER AND HEALTH – Vol. I - Hygiene Promotion – Hubley, J. HYGIENE PROMOTION Hubley J. Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds, United Kingdom Keywords: hygiene promotion, hygiene behaviours; health education; community participation, mass media; schools. Contents 1. Introduction 1.1 Terminology 1.2. The importance of hygiene promotion 2. Overviews of hygiene promotion 2.1 Component activities of hygiene promotion 3. Situation analysis 3.1 General information required in situation analysis 3.2. Identification of target hygiene practices 3.3. Community participation in assessing needs 4. Planning and implementation of hygiene promotion 4.1 Service improvement component 4.2. Advocacy component 4.4.3 Health education component 4.3.1 Who should it be directed at? 4.3.2 Who should carry out the health education? 4.3.3 What should the health education consist of? 4.3.4 How should the education be carried out? 5. Monitoring and evaluation of hygiene promotion 6. Conclusions Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary Hygiene promotion involves activities directed towards the improvement in health through UNESCOthe promotion of uptake, maintenan – ceEOLSS and use of water and sanitation systems and accompanying support behaviours such as appropriate storage and use of water in the home, washingSAMPLE of hands and face, safe disposal CHAPTERS of faeces and hygienic preparation of food. Effective hygiene promotion usually involves a mix of three activities: health education directed at individuals, families and communities to adopt hygiene behaviours, service improvements such as the development of outreach and support services and latrine components, and advocacy directed at encouraging appropriate policies. The first step in carrying out hygiene promotion is an assessment of the target community to determine the relative importance of different disease transmission routes, current hygiene practices, beliefs and other factors which determine those ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) WATER AND HEALTH – Vol. -
Pharmacovigilance in the European Union
Michael Kaeding Julia Schmälter · Christoph Klika Pharmacovigilance in the European Union Practical Implementation across Member States Pharmacovigilance in the European Union Michael Kaeding · Julia Schmälter Christoph Klika Pharmacovigilance in the European Union Practical Implementation across Member States Prof. Dr. Michael Kaeding Julia Schmälter Christoph Klika Universität Duisburg-Essen Duisburg, Deutschland ISBN 978-3-658-17275-6 ISBN 978-3-658-17276-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-658-17276-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017932440 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017. This book is published open access. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. -
Stanford Health Policy Phd Handbook
2016- 2017 STANFORD HEALTH A supplement to be used POLICY in conjunction with the Stanford Bulletin and the PHD Stanford Graduate Academic Policies and PROGRAM Procedures Handbook Stanford University School of Medicine STANFORD HEALTH POLICY PHD HANDBOOK Revised 11/2016. The department reserves the right to make changes at any time without prior notice. Stanford Health Policy PhD Handbook 2016-2017 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 3 PROGRAM DESCRIPTION........................................................................................................................... 3 PURPOSE OF THIS HANDBOOK ................................................................................................................. 4 STANFORD BULLETIN ................................................................................................................................ 4 GRADUATE ACADEMIC POLICIES AND PROCEDURES (GAP) ..................................................................... 4 PROGRAM INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................ 5 PROGRAM COMMITTEE, DIRECTORS & MANAGERS ................................................................................ 5 Program Director .................................................................................................................................. 5 Program Director -
Drug Policy 101: Pharmaceutical Marketing Tactics
Institute for Health Policy Drug Policy 101: Pharmaceutical Marketing Tactics This brief describes the types of marketing tactics that pharmaceutical companies use and the adverse impacts those tactics can have on patients, clinicians, and the health care system. Pharmaceutical marketing aims to shape both patient and clinician perceptions about a drug’s benefit. However, prescription drugs are not typical consumer products. Patients rely heavily on conversations with and advice from clinicians to make decisions, including when faced with choices about whether and which drugs are appropriate treatment options. In addition, patients often do not know the true cost of a prescription drug as it is often subsidized by insurance. Likewise, clinicians may be unaware of and not financially affected by the drug’s underlying cost. Therefore, they might not take into account considerable disparities in price between different, but comparably effective, options for patients. As a result, both patients and clinicians are often insulated from the direct financial impact of selecting a higher-priced product. Due to these dynamics, pharmaceutical marketing can significantly impact patient and clinician decisions that then greatly affect outcomes, in addition to draining government and health care Pharmaceutical companies spend billions system resources. on marketing $20.3B Marketing tactics can drive overprescribing through higher doses and longer courses of treatment than are necessary, as well as overuse $15.6B of newer, higher-priced drugs instead -
Eugenics and Domestic Science in the 1924 Sociological Survey of White Women in North Queensland
This file is part of the following reference: Colclough, Gillian (2008) The measure of the woman : eugenics and domestic science in the 1924 sociological survey of white women in North Queensland. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/5266 THE MEASURE OF THE WOMAN: EUGENICS AND DOMESTIC SCIENCE IN THE 1924 SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WHITE WOMEN IN NORTH QUEENSLAND Thesis submitted by Gillian Beth COLCLOUGH, BA (Hons) WA on February 11 2008 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Arts and Social Sciences James Cook University Abstract This thesis considers experiences of white women in Queensland‟s north in the early years of „white‟ Australia, in this case from Federation until the late 1920s. Because of government and health authority interest in determining issues that might influence the health and well-being of white northern women, and hence their families and a future white labour force, in 1924 the Institute of Tropical Medicine conducted a comprehensive Sociological Survey of White Women in selected northern towns. Designed to address and resolve concerns of government and medical authorities with anxieties about sanitation, hygiene and eugenic wellbeing, the Survey used domestic science criteria to measure the health knowledge of its subjects: in so doing, it gathered detailed information about their lives. Guided by the Survey assessment categories, together with local and overseas literature on racial ideas, the thesis examines salient social and scientific concerns about white women in Queensland‟s tropical north and in white-dominated societies elsewhere and considers them against the oral reminiscences of women who recalled their lives in the North for the North Queensland Oral History Project.