Panolis Flammea
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Western Ghats), Idukki District, Kerala, India
International Journal of Entomology Research International Journal of Entomology Research ISSN: 2455-4758 Impact Factor: RJIF 5.24 www.entomologyjournals.com Volume 3; Issue 2; March 2018; Page No. 114-120 The moths (Lepidoptera: Heterocera) of vagamon hills (Western Ghats), Idukki district, Kerala, India Pratheesh Mathew, Sekar Anand, Kuppusamy Sivasankaran, Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu* Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract The present study was conducted at Vagamon hill station to evaluate the biodiversity of moths. During the present study, a total of 675 moth specimens were collected from the study area which represented 112 species from 16 families and eight super families. Though much of the species has been reported earlier from other parts of India, 15 species were first records for the state of Kerala. The highest species richness was shown by the family Erebidae and the least by the families Lasiocampidae, Uraniidae, Notodontidae, Pyralidae, Yponomeutidae, Zygaenidae and Hepialidae with one species each. The results of this preliminary study are promising; it sheds light on the unknown biodiversity of Vagamon hills which needs to be strengthened through comprehensive future surveys. Keywords: fauna, lepidoptera, biodiversity, vagamon, Western Ghats, Kerala 1. Introduction Ghats stretches from 8° N to 22° N. Due to increasing Arthropods are considered as the most successful animal anthropogenic activities the montane grasslands and adjacent group which consists of more than two-third of all animal forests face several threats (Pramod et al. 1997) [20]. With a species on earth. Class Insecta comprise about 90% of tropical wide array of bioclimatic and topographic conditions, the forest biomass (Fatimah & Catherine 2002) [10]. -
Biodiversity Climate Change Impacts Report Card Technical Paper 12. the Impact of Climate Change on Biological Phenology In
Sparks Pheno logy Biodiversity Report Card paper 12 2015 Biodiversity Climate Change impacts report card technical paper 12. The impact of climate change on biological phenology in the UK Tim Sparks1 & Humphrey Crick2 1 Faculty of Engineering and Computing, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB 2 Natural England, Eastbrook, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge, CB2 8DR Email: [email protected]; [email protected] 1 Sparks Pheno logy Biodiversity Report Card paper 12 2015 Executive summary Phenology can be described as the study of the timing of recurring natural events. The UK has a long history of phenological recording, particularly of first and last dates, but systematic national recording schemes are able to provide information on the distributions of events. The majority of data concern spring phenology, autumn phenology is relatively under-recorded. The UK is not usually water-limited in spring and therefore the major driver of the timing of life cycles (phenology) in the UK is temperature [H]. Phenological responses to temperature vary between species [H] but climate change remains the major driver of changed phenology [M]. For some species, other factors may also be important, such as soil biota, nutrients and daylength [M]. Wherever data is collected the majority of evidence suggests that spring events have advanced [H]. Thus, data show advances in the timing of bird spring migration [H], short distance migrants responding more than long-distance migrants [H], of egg laying in birds [H], in the flowering and leafing of plants[H] (although annual species may be more responsive than perennial species [L]), in the emergence dates of various invertebrates (butterflies [H], moths [M], aphids [H], dragonflies [M], hoverflies [L], carabid beetles [M]), in the migration [M] and breeding [M] of amphibians, in the fruiting of spring fungi [M], in freshwater fish migration [L] and spawning [L], in freshwater plankton [M], in the breeding activity among ruminant mammals [L] and the questing behaviour of ticks [L]. -
Panolis Flammea (Denis & Schiffermüller)
Pine Beauty Screening Aid Panolis flammea (Denis & Schiffermüller) Todd M. Gilligan1 and Steven C. Passoa2 1) Identification Technology Program (ITP) / Colorado State University, USDA-APHIS-PPQ-Science & Technology (S&T), 2301 Research Boulevard, Suite 108, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526 U.S.A. (Email: [email protected]) 2) USDA-APHIS-PPQ, The Ohio State University and USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, 1315 Kinnear Road, Columbus, Ohio 43212 U.S.A. (Email: [email protected]) This CAPS (Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey) screening aid produced for and distributed by: Version 2.0 USDA-APHIS-PPQ National Identification Services (NIS) 30 Jun 2014 This and other identification resources are available at: http://caps.ceris.purdue.edu/taxonomic_services The pine beauty, Panolis flammea (Denis & Schiffermüller), is a serious pest of Pinaceae in Europe. Larvae have been recorded on Douglas-fir, fir, juniper, larch, pine (lodgepole pine, Scots pine), and spruce. Early instar larvae feed inside the needles of new growth and later instars feed on older foliage. Outbreaks of P. flammea in pine plantations in the United Kingdom and Continental Europe have caused damage to thousands of acres and resulted in significant tree mortality. In the UK, adults are present from March through May. Twenty to eighty year old pine monocultures are especially at risk, and lodgepole pine, common in the western U.S., has been attacked when planted in Scotland (see Bradshaw et al. 1983; Sukovata et al. 2003). Panolis flammea is a member of the Noctuidae (tribe Hadenini), the family of moths (Lepidoptera) with the largest number of total species and also the most pest species. -
Noctuid Moth (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) Communities in Urban Parks of Warsaw
POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES • INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY MEMORABILIA ZOOLOGICA MEMORABILIA ZOOL. 42 125-148 1986 GRAŻYNA WINIARSKA NOCTUID MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE) COMMUNITIES IN URBAN PARKS OF WARSAW ABSTRACT A total of 40 noctuid moth species were recorded in four parks of Warsaw. Respective moth communities consisted of a similar number of species (17—25), but differed in their abundance index (3.5 —7.9). In all the parks, the dominant species were Autographa gamma and Discrestra trifolii. The subdominant species were represented by Acronicta psi, Trachea atriplicis, Mamestra suasa, Mythimna pallens, and Catocala nupta. There were differences in the species composition and dominance structure among noctuid moth communities in urban parks, suburban linden- oak-hornbeam forest, and natural linden-oak-hornbeam forest. In the suburban and natural linden-oak-hornbeam forests, the number of species was higher by 40% and their abundance wao 5 — 9 times higher than in the urban parks. The species predominating in parks occurred in very low numbers in suburban and natural habitats. Only T. atriplicis belonged to the group of most abundant species in all the habitats under study. INTRODUCTION In recent years, the interest of ecologists in urban habitats has been increasing as they proved to be rich in plant and animal species. The vegetation of urban green areas is sufficiently well known since its species composition and spatial structure are shaped by gardening treatment. But the fauna of these areas is poorly known, and regular zoological investigations in urban green areas were started not so long ago, when urban green was recognized as one of the most important factors of the urban “natural” habitat (Ciborowski 1976). -
Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae) Species of Iran
Turk J Zool 2012; 36(6): 752-758 © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1111-15 A survey of the Perigrapha Lederer (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae) species of Iran Asghar SHIRVANI1,*, Mohammad Ali SHOGHALI2, Shamsi FEIZPOOR3 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, 76169-133 Kerman – IRAN 2No. 51, 24 Azar Street, Kerman – IRAN 3Young Researchers Society, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman – IRAN Received: 14.11.2011 ● Accepted: 25.03.2012 Abstract: Four species of the genus Perigrapha Lederer are reviewed in Iran. Two species, P. annau Varga & Ronkay, 1991 and P. fl ora Hreblay, 1996, are reported for the fi rst time from the fauna of Iran. Adult and genitalia images are illustrated and identifi cation keys for the external and genital features are given. Key words: Perigrapha, Iran, new records, identifi cation key Introduction large-scale variation in morphological features and Th e tribe Orthosiini Guenée, 1837, with 7 genera relegated them as members of 3 genera, Anorthoa, (Panolis Hübner, [1821], Dioszeghyana Hreblay, Harutaeographa, and Perigrapha. 1993, Orthosia Ochsenheimer, 1816, Anorthoa Berio, Perigrapha, a Holarctic genus belonging to the 1980, Harutaeographa Yoshimoto, 1993, Perigrapha perigraphoid generic complex with hairy eyes typical Lederer, 1857, and Egira Duponchel, 1845), is for the subfamily Hadeninae (sensu Hampson), represented by early-fl ying, univoltine species that comprises 3 subgenera, Opacographa Hreblay, 1996, prefer mountainous and semimountainous regions Rororthosia Beck, 1999, and Perigrapha Lederer, in Iran. Th e classifi cation and taxonomic rank of 1857. Th is genus is represented in Europe by the species groups within this tribe has been a matter last 2 subgenera and 4 species (Ronkay et al., 2001). -
Field Identification Guide Pine Processionary Moth
Field Identification Guide Pine processionary moth Photograph: Mat Holloway, Observatree volunteer Observatree Holloway, Mat Photograph: Funded by the EU’s LIFE programme Pine processionary moth The caterpillars (larvae) of the pine processionary moth (PPM) (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) can threaten the health of pine trees (Pinus species) by feeding on their needles. Large populations cause extensive defoliation of pine trees, leaving them vulnerable to attack by other pests and diseases, and less able to withstand adverse environmental events such as floods and droughts. Timber production and tree growth can be reduced as a result of attack. The caterpillars are also a significant public and animal health risk, as they bear toxic hairs which can cause itching skin rashes, eye and throat irritation and breathing problems. Hence it is important not to approach or touch the caterpillars, or their nests. Species affected The main hosts for PPM are pine trees with our native Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and the widely planted Corsican pine (P. nigra ssp. laricio) being at the greatest risk from this pest in the UK. Other species that are susceptible include the Aleppo pine (P. halepensis), Austrian pine (P. nigra), Canary Island pine (P. canariensis), lodgepole pine (P. contorta), maritime pine (P. pinaster), Monterey pine (P. radiata) and stone pine (P. pinea). The Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica) and European larch (Larix decidua) are also occasionally attacked. Signs and The main indicator of PPM attack is the presence of nests symptoms that are constructed by the caterpillars amongst the branches and foliage of pine trees. The caterpillars start to build the nests shortly after hatching. -
ADAPTATION of FORESTS and PEOPLE to CLIMATE Change – a Global Assessment Report
International Union of Forest Research Organizations Union Internationale des Instituts de Recherches Forestières Internationaler Verband Forstlicher Forschungsanstalten Unión Internacional de Organizaciones de Investigación Forestal IUFRO World Series Vol. 22 ADAPTATION OF FORESTS AND PEOPLE TO CLIMATE CHANGE – A Global Assessment Report Prepared by the Global Forest Expert Panel on Adaptation of Forests to Climate Change Editors: Risto Seppälä, Panel Chair Alexander Buck, GFEP Coordinator Pia Katila, Content Editor This publication has received funding from the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, the United Kingdom´s Department for International Development, the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, and the United States Forest Service. The views expressed within this publication do not necessarily reflect official policy of the governments represented by these institutions. Publisher: International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) Recommended catalogue entry: Risto Seppälä, Alexander Buck and Pia Katila. (eds.). 2009. Adaptation of Forests and People to Climate Change. A Global Assessment Report. IUFRO World Series Volume 22. Helsinki. 224 p. ISBN 978-3-901347-80-1 ISSN 1016-3263 Published by: International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) Available from: IUFRO Headquarters Secretariat c/o Mariabrunn (BFW) Hauptstrasse 7 1140 Vienna Austria Tel: + 43-1-8770151 Fax: + 43-1-8770151-50 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.iufro.org/ Cover photographs: Matti Nummelin, John Parrotta and Erkki Oksanen Printed in Finland by Esa-Print Oy, Tampere, 2009 Preface his book is the first product of the Collabora- written so that they can be read independently from Ttive Partnership on Forests’ Global Forest Expert each other. -
The External Morphology and Postembryology of Noctuid Larvae
m 'n a ^ 4 I ! 7 ^JNiVSi "VTV rv or , iVn C^F Of The person charging this material is re- sponsible for its return on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutilation, and underlining of books are reasons for disciplinary action and may result in dismissal from the University. University of Illinois Library MAy2n 1%9 DEC 6lp78 SEP 12 1988 L161—O-1096 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/externalmorpholo08ripl ILLINOIS BIOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS Vol. VIII October, 1923 No. 4 Editorial Committee Stephen Alfred Forbes William Trelease Henry Baldwin Ward Published xtnder the Auspices op the Graduate School by THE University op Illinois Copyright, 1924 by The University of Illinois Distributed October 29, 1924 THE EXTERNAL MORPHOLOGY AND POSTEMBRYOLOGY OF NOCTUID LARVAE WITH EIGHT PLATES " BY .- LEWIS BRADFORD RIPLEY Contribution from the Entomological Laboratories of the University of Illinois No. 86 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN ENTOMOLOGY IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF TKE, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS ,cv'';;';^'' 1921 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 7 Larval Morphologj' 9 Fixed Parts of the Head 9 Endoskeleton 12 Movable Parts of the Head 15 Spinneret 19 Prepharynx 25 Setae of Trunk 27 Larvapods 34 Postembryolog}"^ 37 Number of Molts 37 Postembryonic Changes 43 Adfrontal Sutures 46 Epicranial Stem 47 Determination of Burrowing Habit 49 Resistance to Submergence 52 Epicranial Index and Subterranean Habit 56 Postembryology of Labium and Spinneret 69 Larvapods 75 Crochets 79 Sunmiary 80 Postscript 82 Bibliography - 83 Explanation of Plates 87 2491 NOCTUID LARVAE—RIPLEY INTRODUCTION The principal object sought in this work is to investigate the value of certain more or less neglected lines of evidence as a source of phylogenetic information. -
The Nantucket Pine Tip Moth: Old Problems, New Research
Unitfxi States Department of The Nantucket Pine Tip IMoth: Agriculture Old Problems, New Research Forest Service Proceedings of an Informal Conference The Entomological Society of America, Annual Meeting Southern Research Station General Technical Atlanta, Georgia Report SRS-51 December 12-I 6, 1999 Cover: Nantucket pine tip moth adult. Photo by Julie C. Weatherby. DISCLAIMER The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture of any product or service. PESTICIDE PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENT This publication reports research involving pesticides. It does not contain recommendations for their use, nor does it imply that the uses discussed here have been registered. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and/or Federal agencies before they can be recommended. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish or other wildlife if they are not handled or applied properly. Use all herbicides selectively and carefully. Follow recommended practices for the disposal of surplus pesticides and their containers. Papers published in these proceedings were submitted by authors in electronic media. Editing was done to ensure a consistent format. Authors are responsible for content and accuracy of their individual papers. June 2002 Southern Research Station P.O. Box 2680 Asheville, NC 28802 The Nantucket Pine Tip Moth: Old Problems, New Research Proceedings of an Informal Conference The Entomological Society of America, Annual Meeting December 12-I 6, 1999 Atlanta, Georgia Edited by C. Wayne Berisford, Professor Department of Entomology University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-2603, USA Donald M. -
Research Indicators – Herbarium
State Herbarium of South Australia Research Prospectus 2008–09 The State’s key institution for advancing and disseminating knowledge of plants, algae and fungi Table of Contents Overview..............................................................................................................................3 Background .........................................................................................................................3 Reporting .........................................................................................................................3 History..............................................................................................................................3 Vision & Mission ..................................................................................................................5 Research expertise, strengths and opportunities.................................................................6 Background......................................................................................................................6 Current strengths .............................................................................................................7 Taxonomic expertise ........................................................................................................8 Key groups.......................................................................................................................9 Opportunities .....................................................................................................................10 -
Catalogue of Pheromones
Table of Contents List of pheromones 3–4 Calendar 5 Products 6 Pests 7–41 Nun moth 7 Gypsy moth 8 Larger pine shoot beetle 10 May bug 11 Striped ambrosia beetle 12 Fir engraver beetle 14 Small spruce bark beetle 15 European spruce bark beetle 17 Larch bark beetle 18 Sharp toothed bark beetle 20 Six-toothed bark beetle 21 Northern bark beetle 23 Western larch case-bearer 24 Codling moth 25 Winter moth 27 Six-toothed spruce bark beetle 29 Western corn rootworm 30 Pine beauty 32 Large pine weevil and spruce weevil 33 Larch tortrix 35 Bud moth 36 Oak pinhole borer 37 Rose tortrix 38 Summer fruit tortrix 39 Pine shoot moth 40 Green oak tortrix 41 Acknowledgements 43 Contact 44 2 Product Species Trap type Trap placement Periods of trap placement Pine and spruce stands over 20 years old, Until mid-July LYMODOR Nun moth IBL-1 in the same places every year LYMODOR Gypsy moth IBL-1 Deciduous stands and orchards Until the end of June Pine stands and stands End of February TOMODOR Larger pine shoot beetle IBL-3 with a large share of pine Stands with a large share of Mid-April MELOLODOR May bug IBL-5 deciduous trees, especially oaks Stands, piles of debarked wood End of March TRYPODOR Striped ambrosia beetle IBL-2, IBL-3 trunks, wood material depots Fir stands and stands with Turn of April and May CURODOR Fir engraver beetle IBL-2, IBL-3 a large share of fir Turn of July and August AMITODOR Small spruce bark beetle IBL-2, IBL-3 Spruce stands End of April and the second half of June Spruce stands and stands End of April and the second half of June -
Effects of Pure and Mixed Pine and Oak Forest Stands on Carabid Beetles
diversity Article Effects of Pure and Mixed Pine and Oak Forest Stands on Carabid Beetles Alexandra Wehnert *, Sven Wagner and Franka Huth Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Silviculture and Forest Protection, TU Dresden, 01737 Tharandt, Germany; [email protected] (S.W.); [email protected] (F.H.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-351-4633-1338 Abstract: The multiple-use approach to forestry applied in Germany aims to combine timber pro- duction and habitat management by preserving specific stand structures. We selected four forest stand types comprising (i) pure oak, (ii) equal oak–pine mixtures, (iii) single tree admixtures of oak in pine forest and (iv) pure pine. We analysed the effects of stand composition parameters on species representative of the larger carabid beetles (Carabus arvensis, C. coriaceus, C. hortensis, C. violaceus, Calosoma inquisitor). The main statistical methods used were correlation analyses and generalised linear mixed models. Cal. inquisitor was observed in pure oak forests exclusively. C. coriaceus and C. hortensis were absent from pure pine stands. High activity densities of C. arvensis and C. violaceus were observed in all four forest types. When assessed at the smaller scales of species crown cover proportions and spatial tree species effect zones, C. hortensis was found to be positively related to oak trees with a regular spatial distribution, whereas C. coriaceus preferred lower and more aggregated oak tree proportions. C. violaceus showed strong sex-specific tree species affinities. Information about preferences of carabid beetles is necessary for management activities targeting the adaptation of forest structures to habitat requirements.