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UNSCEAR 2006 Report to the General Assembly with Scientific Annexes

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UNSCEAR 2006 Report to the General Assembly with Scientific Annexes EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation UNSCEAR 2006 Report to the General Assembly with Scientific Annexes VOLUME II Scientific Annexes C, D and E UNITED NATIONS New York, 2009 NOTE The report of the Committee without its annexes appears as Official Records of the General Assembly, Sixty-first Session, Supplement No. 46 and corrigendum (A/61/46 and Corr. 1). The report reproduced here includes the corrections of the corrigendum. The designation employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations con- cerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The country names used in this document are, in most cases, those that were in use at the time the data were collected or the text prepared. In other cases, however, the names have been updated, where this was possible and appropriate, to reflect political changes. UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales No. E.09.IX.5 ISBN 978-92-1-142270-2 Corrigendum to Sales No. E.09.IX.5 May 2011 Effects of Ionizing Radiation: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 2006 Report to the General Assembly, with Scientific Annexes—Volume II Annex E (“Sources-to-effects assessment for radon in homes and workplaces”), paragraph 460 The ninth sentence should read For residential exposure to 150 Bq/m3, the authors estimated a combined OR of 1.1 (95% CI: 1.0, 1.3). V.11-82963 (E) *1182963* ANNEX E Sources-to-effects assessment for radon in homes and workplaces Contents Page INTRODUCTION . 201 I . SOURCES AND LEVELS OF RADON EXPOSURES . 203 A . Outdoors . 203 B . Indoors . 203 C . Workplaces . 211 D . Measurements of radon and radon decay products . 211 II . DOSIMETRY . 215 A . Dosimetric models . 215 B . Dosimetry of radon and thoron . 215 C . Dose conversion factors . 218 D . Uncertainties in dose conversion factors . 218 E . Exposures in homes and in workplaces other than uranium mines . 219 III . EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES . 221 A . Animal experiments . 221 B . Biomarkers . 223 IV . EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINERS . 229 A . United States: Colorado Plateau miners . 229 1 . Introduction . 229 2 . Radon and radon decay products . 230 3 . Exposure estimation . 232 4 . Other hard rock mining exposures . 234 5 . Epidemiological analyses . 236 6 . Evaluation . 238 B . Canada: Ontario uranium miners . 238 1 . Introduction . 238 2 . Radon and radon decay products . 239 3 . Exposure estimation . 240 4 . Epidemiological analyses . 241 5 . Evaluation . 242 C . Czechoslovak miners . 242 1 . Introduction . 242 2 . Radon and radon decay products . 243 3 . Exposure estimation . 245 4 . Epidemiological analyses . 245 5 . Evaluation . 247 197 Page D . Swedish iron ore miners . 247 1 . Introduction . 247 2 . Radon and radon decay products . 247 3 . Exposure estimation . 248 4 . Epidemiological studies . 249 5 . Evaluation . 249 E . Canada: Beaverlodge, Saskatchewan, miners . 250 1 . Introduction . 250 2 . Radon and radon decay products . 251 3 . Exposure estimation . 254 4 . Epidemiological studies . 258 5 . Evaluation . 261 F . Germany: Wismut miners . 261 1 . Introduction . 261 2 . Radon and radon decay products . 261 3 . Epidemiological studies . 262 4 . Evaluation . 265 G . Canada: Port Radium miner study . 266 1 . Introduction . 266 2 . Radon and radon decay products . 267 3 . Exposure estimation . 268 4 . Epidemiological studies . 268 5 . Evaluation . 268 H . French uranium miners . 269 1 . Introduction . 269 2 . Radon and radon decay products . 269 3 . Exposure estimation . 269 4 . Epidemiological studies . 270 5 . Evaluation . 271 I . Canada: Newfoundland fluorspar miners . 272 1 . Introduction . 272 2 . Radon and radon decay products . 273 3 . Exposure estimation . 273 4 . Epidemiological studies . 274 5 . Evaluation . 276 J . Chinese miners . 276 K . Australia: Radium Hill uranium miners . 277 L . Overall evaluation of miner studies . 277 V . EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURES . 281 A . Introduction . 281 B . Case–control studies of residential radon . 281 C . Ecological studies of residential radon . 285 D . Overall evaluation of residential radon studies . 287 VI . EFFECTS OF RADON ON ORGANS AND TISSUES other THAN THE lung . 295 A . Dosimetric considerations . 295 B . Epidemiology of cancers other than lung . 297 C . Effects other than cancer . 298 198 Page VII . Implications FOR RISK ASSESSMENT . 301 A . General studies of exposure uncertainty . 301 B . Biologically based models . 303 C . Risk projection . 305 VIII . OVERALL Conclusions . 309 APPENDIX . 311 REFERENCES . ..
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