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References Agricola, G RADON 241 4.5 Evaluation! There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of radon and its decay products in experimental animaIs. There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of radon and its decay products in humans. Overall evaluation Radon and its decay products are carcinogenic ta humans (Group 1). 5. References Agricola, G. (1556) De Re Metallca, New York, Dover Publications, pp. 214-218 Alter, H.W. & Fleischer, R.L. (1981) Passive integrating radon monitor for environmental monitoring. Health Phys., 40, 693-702 Alter, H.W. & Oswald, R.A. (1987) Nationwide distribution of indoor radon measure- ments: a preliminary data base. J. Air Pol/ut. Control Assac., 37,227-231 Andreev, S. V. (1966) Accumulation of long-lived daughter products of radon in human body in drinking of radon waters (Russ.). Gig. Sanit., 31, 36-42 Anthoine, D., Braun, P., Cervoni, P., Schwartz, P. & Lamy, P. (1979) Can we consider bronchial cancer in iron ore miners of Lorraine an occupational cancer? On 270 new cases observed in 1964-1978 (Fr.). Rev.fr. Mal. respir., 7,63-65 Aoyama, T., Y onehara, H., Sakanoue, M., Kobayashi, S., lwasaki, T., Mifune, M., Radford, E.P. & Kato, H. (1987) Long-term measurements ofradon concentrations in the living environments in Japan. A preliminary report. ln: Hopker, P.K., ed., Radon and lts Decay Products. Occurrence, Properties, and Health Effects (A CS Symposium Series 331), Washington DC, American Chemical Society, pp. 124- 136 Archer, V.E., Magnuson, H.J., Holaday, D.A. & Lawrence, P.A. (1962) Hazards to health in uranium mining and miling. J. occup. Med., 4, 55-60 Archer, V.E., Wagoner, J.K. & Lundin, F.E. (1973a) Lungcancer amonguranium miners in the United States. Health Phys., 25,351-371 Archer, V.E., Wagoner, J.K. & Lundin, F.E., Jr (l973b) Uranium mining and cigarette smoking effects on man. J. occup. Med., 15, 204-211 Archer, V.E., Saccomanno, G. &Jones, J.H. (1974) Frequency of different histologie types of bronchogenic carcinoma as related to radiation exposure. Cancer, 34, 2056-2060 Archer, V.E., Ginam, J.D. & James, L.A. (1975) Respiratory Disease Mortality Among Uranium Min ers as Relatedto Height, Radiation, Smoking and Latent Period(HRP- 0006691), Springfield, V A, National Technical Information Service ! For definitions of the italicized terms, see Preamble pp. 28-34. 242 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 43 Archer, V.E., Ginam, J.D. & Wagoner, J.K. (1976) Respiratory disease mortality among uranium miners. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 271, 280-293 Ardashnikov, S. N. & Rait, M. L. (1960) Bioelectric activity changes of the cere braI cortex of rabbits during radon inhalation and application of radioactive bandages (Russ.). Med. Radial., 5, 18-22 Arnstein, A. (1913) The so-caned 'Schneeberg lung cancer' (Ger.). Verh. dtsch. pathol. Ges., 16, 332-342 Aurand, K. & Schraub, A. (1954) Behaviour of radon and its decay products in the body after oral administration (GeL). Strahlentherapie, 94, 272-286 Aurand, K., Feine, U., Jacobi, W. & Schraub, A. (1957) Studies on the question of radiation burden of the lung when staying in an atmosphere containing radon (Ger.). Strahlentherapie, 104, 345-354 Axelson, O. & Edling, C. (1980) Bealth hazards Irom radon daughters in dwellngs in Sweden. ln: Rom, W.N. & Archer, V.E., eds, Health Implications of New Energy Technologies, Ann Arbor, MI, Ann Arbor Science, pp. 79-87 Axelson, O. & Rehn, M. (1971) Lung cancer in miners. Lancet, ii, 706-707 Axelson, O. & Sundell, L. (1978) Mining, lung cancer and smoking. Scand. J. Work Environ. Bealth, 4, 46-52 Axelson, O., Edling, C. & Kling, H. (1979) Lung cancer and residency - a case referent study on the possible impact of exposure to radon and its daughters in dwellngs. Scand. J. Work Environ. Health,5, 10-15 Band, P., Feldstein, M., Saccomanno, G., Watson, L. & King, G. (1980) Potentiation of cigarette smoking and radiation. Evidence from a sputum cytology survey among uranium miners and controls. Cancer, 45, 1273-1277 Barcinski, M.A., Abreu, M.D.C.A., de Almeida, J.C.c., Naya, J.M., Fonseca, L.G. & Castro, L. E. (1975) Cytogenetic investigations in a Brazilian population living in an area of high natural radioactivity. Am. J. hum. Genet., 27, 802-806 Bauman, A. & Horvat, D. (1981) The impact of natural radioactivity from a coal-fired power plant. Sci. total Environ., 17, 75-81 Bean, J.A., Isacson, P., Hahne, R.M.A. & Kohler, J. (1982) Drinking water and cancer incidence in Iowa. II. Radioactivity In drinking water. Am. J. Epidemiol., 116,924-932 Ben, R.F. & Gililand, J.c. (1964) Urinary lead-210 as index ofmine radon exposure. ln: Radiological Health and Salety in Mining and Miling of Nuclear Materials. Proceedings 01 a Symposium, VoL. II, Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency, pp.411-423 Bergman, H., Edling, C. & Axelson, O. (1986) Indoor radon daughter concentrations and passive smoking. Environ. int., 12,17-19 Bianco, A., Gibb, ER. & Morrow, P.E(1974) lnhalationstudyofa submicroii size lead-212 aerosol. ln: Enycer, X., ed., Proceedings 01 the 3rd International Congress 01 the International Radiation Protection Association, Washington 1973 (CONF-730907- P2), Oak Ridge, TN, US Atomic Energy Commission, pp. 1214-1219 RADON 243 Bignon, J., Monchaux, G., Chameaud, J., Jaurand, M.C., Lafuma, J. & Masse, R. (1983) Incidence of various types of thoracic malignancy induced in rats by intrapleural injection of 2 mg of various mineraI dusts after inhalation of 222Ra. Careinogenesis, 4, 621-628 Black, S.c., Archer, V.E., Dixon, W.c. & Saccomanno, G. (1968) Correlation ofradiation exposure and lead-21O in uranium miners. Health Phys., 14, 81-93 Blanchard, R.L., Archer, V.E. & Saccomanno, G. (1969) Blood and skeletallevtls of 2lOPb-2lOpo as a measure of exposure to inha1ed radon daughter products. Health Phys., 16, 585-596 Bonnaud, F. (1976) Experimental Tumours. Anatomopathological Modifications of the Lung and Lymph Node Produced in Rats by Inhalation of Radon-222 and lts Decay Products (Fr.), Thesis No. 26, Limoges, University of Limoges Bonneville Power Administration (1987) Radon Monitoring Resultsfrom BPA s Residen- tial Weatherization Program (Report No. 5), Portland, OR, US Department of Energy Booker, D.V., Chamberlain, A.C., Newton, D. & Stott, A.N.B. (1969) Uptake of radioactive lead following inhalation and injection. Br. J. Radiol., 42, 457-466 Boudene, c., Malet, D. & Masse, R. (1977) Fate oPIOPb inhaled by rats. Toxicol. appl. Pharmacol., 41, 271-276 Boyd, J.T., Doll, R., Faulds, J.S. & Leiper, J. (1970) Cancer of the lung in iron ore (haematite) miners. Br. J. ind. Med., 27, 97-105 Brandom, W.F., Saccomanno, G., Archer, V.E., Archer, P.G. & Bloom, A.D. (1978) Chromosome aberrations as a biological dose-response indicator of radiation exposure in uranium miners. Radiat. Res., 76, 159-171 Bruno, R.C. (1983) Sources of indoor radon in houses: a review. J. Air Pollut. Control Assac., 33, 105-109 Budnitz, R.J. (1974) Radon-222 and its daughters - a review of instrumentation for occupational and environmental monitoring. Health Phys., 26, 145-163 Butler, c., Samet, J.M., Kutvirt, D.M., Key, C.R. & Black, W.C. (1985) Cigarette smoking and lung cancer cell types in uranium miners (Abstract). Am. Rev. respir. Dis., 131, A176 Butler, C., Samet, J.M., Black, W.c., Key, C.R. & Kutvirt, D.M. (1986) Histopatho10gic findings of lung cancer in Navajo men: relationship to uranium mining. Health Phys., 51,365-368 Bykhovskii, A.V., Khachirov, G., Shishkanov, N.G., Dubrovin, S.A. & Klyuch, V.E. (1972) Dose to the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract from radon and its daughter products (Russ.). Health Phys., 23, 13-22 Castrén, O., Voutilainen, A., Winqvist, K. & Mäkeläinen, 1. (1985) Studies ofhigh indoor radon areas in Finland. Sei. total Environ., 45, 311 -318 Castrén, O., Mäkeläinen, 1., Winqvist, K. & V outilainen, A. (1987) Indoor radon measurements in Finland: a status report. ln: Hopke, R.K., ed., Radon and lts Decay Products. Occurrence, Properties, and Health Effects (A CS Symposium Series 331), Washington DC, American Chemical Society, pp. 97- 103 244 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 43 Chamberlain, A.C. & Dyson, E.D. (1956) The dose to the trachea and bronchi from the decay products of radon and thoron. Br. J. Radial., 29, 317-325 Chameaud, J., Perraud, R., Lafuma, J., Collet, A., Daniel-Moussard, H. (1968) Experi- mental study in rats of the action of radon on normal and dusty lung (Fr.). Arch. Mal. prof Méd. Trav. Séc. soc., 29, 29-40 Chameaud, J., Perraud, R., Lafuma, J., Masse, R. & Pradel, J. (1974) Lesions and lung cancers induced in rats by inhaled radon 222 at various equilbriums with radon daughters. ln: Karbe, E. & Park, J.F., eds, Experimental Lung Cancer. Carcinogenesis and Bioassays, New York, Springer, pp. 411-421 Chameaud, J., Perraud, R., Masse, R., Nenot, J.c. & Lafuma, J. (1976) Lung cancer induced in rats by radon and its decay products at diferent concentrations (Fr.). ln: Biological and Environmental Effects of Low-level Radiation, VoL. II, Vien na, International Atomic Energy Agency, pp. 223-228 Chameaud, J., Perraud, R., Chrétien, J., Masse, R. & Lafuma, J. (1978) Experimental study of the combined action of cigarette smoke and an active burden ofradon (Fr.). ln: Late Biological Effects of lonizing Radiation, VoL. II, Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency, pp. 429-436 Chameaud, J., Perraud, R., Chrétien, J., Masse, R. & Lafuma, J. (1982) Lung carcino- genesis during in vivo cigarette smoking and radon daughter exposure in rats. Recent Results Cancer Res., 82,11-20 Chameaud, J., Masse, R. & Lafuma, J. (1984) Influence ofradon daughterexposure at low doses on occurrence of lung cancer in rats. Radiat. Protect. Dosimetry, 7, 385-388 Chameaud, J., Masse, R., Morin, M. & Lafuma, J. (1985) Lung cancer induction by radon daughters in rats.
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