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The Making of Modern Japan
The Making of Modern Japan The MAKING of MODERN JAPAN Marius B. Jansen the belknap press of harvard university press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England Copyright © 2000 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Third printing, 2002 First Harvard University Press paperback edition, 2002 Book design by Marianne Perlak Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Jansen, Marius B. The making of modern Japan / Marius B. Jansen. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 0-674-00334-9 (cloth) isbn 0-674-00991-6 (pbk.) 1. Japan—History—Tokugawa period, 1600–1868. 2. Japan—History—Meiji period, 1868– I. Title. ds871.j35 2000 952′.025—dc21 00-041352 CONTENTS Preface xiii Acknowledgments xvii Note on Names and Romanization xviii 1. SEKIGAHARA 1 1. The Sengoku Background 2 2. The New Sengoku Daimyo 8 3. The Unifiers: Oda Nobunaga 11 4. Toyotomi Hideyoshi 17 5. Azuchi-Momoyama Culture 24 6. The Spoils of Sekigahara: Tokugawa Ieyasu 29 2. THE TOKUGAWA STATE 32 1. Taking Control 33 2. Ranking the Daimyo 37 3. The Structure of the Tokugawa Bakufu 43 4. The Domains (han) 49 5. Center and Periphery: Bakufu-Han Relations 54 6. The Tokugawa “State” 60 3. FOREIGN RELATIONS 63 1. The Setting 64 2. Relations with Korea 68 3. The Countries of the West 72 4. To the Seclusion Decrees 75 5. The Dutch at Nagasaki 80 6. Relations with China 85 7. The Question of the “Closed Country” 91 vi Contents 4. STATUS GROUPS 96 1. The Imperial Court 97 2. -
Chapter V. Public Safety Commission System and Police Activity Support Section 1
Chapter V. Public Safety Commission System and Police Activity Support Section 1. The Police Organization and Public Safety Commission System 1. The Police Organization (2) National Police Organization (1) The Public Safety Commission System While the Prefectural Police assume all duties, the The Public Safety Commission System was NPA, as a national organization, bears the established with the thought that – given the strong responsibility of making proposals for the police executive power of police administration and in order system as well as the role of carrying out police to see that the administration maintains political operations related to matters of national safety and neutrality and guards against self-righteous operations coordinating police administration and duties at the – it would be appropriate to have a system through heart of police activities, such as education and which people representing the good sense of the public training, communication, and criminal investigation. supervise the police. The National Public Security Also, under the supervision of the NPSC, the Commission is in place to manage the NPA and the Commissioner General of the NPA supervises and Prefectural Public Security Commissions to manage controls Prefectural Police organizations within the Prefectural Police. The Minister of State is positioned NPA’s defined duties. as the Chairman of the NPSC to facilitate a balance between the two requisitions: ensuring political neutrality and clarifying the Cabinet’s responsibilities regarding public safety. -
After Banning the Netra Bikram Led Nepal
NEW SPOTLIGHTFORTNIGHTLY Notes From The Editor Vol.: 12, No.-16, March 29, 2019 (Chaitra.15.2075) Price: NRs. 100 After banning the Netra Bikram led Nepal Mao- ist Communist Party, the government has been Editor and Publisher Keshab Poudel launching massive drives to contain violent and illegal activities of Chand led parties. Although the Contributor government has had a major success in arresting Sabine Pretsch top leaders of Chand Led Maoists, the extortion Cover Design/Layout threat in the rural municipalities is yet to recede. Sahil Mokthan, 9863022025 As Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli and Chand led Marketing Manager Maoist parties both are taking a hard stand, there Madan Raj Poudel are no chances of political negotiations happening Tel: 9841320517 any time soon. Despite Chand led Maoists’ claim of not having any plans to attack the police force now, Nabin Kumar Maharjan Tel: 9841291404 but elected representatives living in rural parts of Nepal have started leaving their homes after feeling Editorial Office threatened. Instead of a political issue, we have de- Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 977-1-4430250 cided to issue a Citizenship Certificate cover story E-mail this week. The House of Representatives is now [email protected] discussing the provisions of the new citizenship P.O.Box: 7256 Website bill because of the large number of people living www.spotlightnepal.com without citizenship certificates, deprived from facilities provided by the state. With two third of Kathmandu DAO Regd. No. 148/11/063/64 its majority in the parliament, the communist led Central Region Postal Regd. government is pushing harsh provisions in the act No. -
Emperor Naruhito's Ascension
4 | The Japan Times | Wednesday, May 1, 2019 Emperor Naruhito’s Ascension Ceremonies mark start of Reiwa Era KYODO Japan’s imperial succession entered a key stage on Wednesday with ceremonies mark- ing Emperor Naruhito’s ascension to the throne, a day after his 85-year-old father abdicated as the first living Japanese mon- arch in over 200 years to do so. As a member of the Japanese monarchy, Emperor Naruhito can claim a number of firsts. None of the previous emperors had the experience of studying abroad, and he is also the first emperor to not be separated from his family and brought up largely by nannies. Then-Crown Prince Naruhito and then-Crown Princess Masako visit a temporary housing shelter The 59-year-old earlier signaled his intent on Sept. 26 in Asakura, Fukuoka Prefecture, after torrential rains hit the area in July 2017. KYODO to adapt to “the changing times,” while also saying his years with his parents would Chronology of major events related to Emperor Naruhito serve as “major guideposts” for him as he performs his nonpolitical duties as the sym- The following is a timeline of Emperor Naruhito’s life and major events that have occurred bol of the state in the years ahead. throughout it so far. “I would like to pursue my duties as the Feb. 23, 1960 — Born the eldest son of Emperor Emeritus Akihito and Empress Emerita symbol (of the state) by always being beside Emperor Naruhito KYODO Then-Crown Prince Naruhito celebrates his 59th birthday with then-Crown Princess Masako at Michiko. -
Draft Landmark Designation Report
DRAFT LANDMARK DESIGNATION REPORT Peace Pagoda & Peace Plaza Peace Plaza, Japantown Draft Article 10 Landmark Designation Report submitted to the Historic Preservation Commission, XXXXXXXX City and County of San Francisco Planning Department Landmark No. Edwin M. Lee, Mayor John Rahaim, Director XXX Cover: Peace Pagoda, 2013. The Historic Preservation Commission (HPC) is a seven-member body that makes recommendations to the Board of Supervisors regarding the designation of landmark buildings and districts. The regulations governing landmarks and landmark districts are found in Article 10 of the Planning Code. The HPC is staffed by the San Francisco Planning Department. This Draft Landmark Designation Report is subject to possible revision and amendment during the initiation and designation process. Only language contained within the Article 10 designation ordinance, adopted by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, should be regarded as final. CONTENTS OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 BUILDING DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Peace Pagoda ........................................................................................................................................................... 4 Peace Plaza .............................................................................................................................................................. -
INDEX of GHQ/SCAP Records, Government Section (GS) Administrative Division
INDEX of GHQ/SCAP Records, Government Section (GS) Administrative Division Election File, 1945-51 Box Number: 2030 Folder 1. Gumma Prefecture Local Elections〔Gumma〕 1947/03-1949/10. Folder 2. Hiroshima Prefecture Local Elections〔Hiroshima〕 1947/03-1949/09. Folder 3. Hokkaido Prefecture Local Elections〔Hokkaido〕 1947/04-1949/10. Folder 4. Hyogo Prefecture Local Elections〔Hyogo〕 1947/04-1949/06. Folder 5. Ibaraki Prefecture Local Elections〔Ibaraki〕 1947/04-1949/04. Folder 6. Ishikawa Prefecture Local Elections〔Ishikawa〕 1947/04-1949/04. Folder 7. Iwate Prefecture Local Elections〔Iwate〕 1947/04-1949/10. Folder 8. Mie Prefecture Local Elections〔Mie〕 1947/04-1949/08. Folder 9. Miyagi Prefecture Local Elections〔Miyagi〕 1947/04-1949/02. Folder 10. Miyazaki Prefecture Local Elections〔Miyazaki〕 1947/04-1949/09. Folder 11. Nagano Prefecture Local Elections〔Nagano〕 1947/07-1949/06. Folder 12. Nagasaki Prefecture Local Elections〔Nagasaki〕 1947/04-1949/06. Folder 13. Niigata Prefecture Local Elections〔Niigata〕 1947/04-1949/09. Folder 14. Nara Prefecture Local Elections〔Nara〕 1947/04-1949/10. Box Number: 2031 Folder 1. Oita Prefecture Local Elections〔Oita〕 1947/04-1949/10. Folder 2. Osaka Prefecture Local Elections〔Osaka〕 1947/04-1949/10. Folder 3. Saga Prefecture Local Elections〔Saga〕 1947/04-1949/10. Folder 4. Saitama Prefecture Local Elections〔Saitama〕 1947/04-1949/09. Folder 5. Shiga Prefecture Local Elections〔Shiga〕 1947/04-1949/10. Folder 6. Shimane Prefecture Local Elections〔Shimane〕 1947/04-1949/10. Folder 7. Shizuoka Prefecture Local Elections〔Shizuoka〕 1947/07-1949/02. Folder 8. Tochigi Prefecture Local Elections〔Tochigi〕 1947/04-1949/10. -
Traditional Styles Adapt to Changing Times New Emperor and Spears Will Be Planted and Ceremonial Officials Will Carry Swords and Bows
123rd year | no. 42,916 ISSN 0289-1956 © THE JAPAN TIMES, LTD., 2019 Emperor’s Enthronement TUESDAY, OCTOBER 22, 2019 Traditional styles adapt to changing times New emperor and spears will be planted and ceremonial officials will carry swords and bows. Drum expected to uphold and gong players will also take part in the ceremony. Guests will be seated in rooms progressive ways and hallways surrounding the courtyard, of predecessor with monitors set up to enable them to watch the rituals. SAYURI DAIMON Breaking precedent STAFF WRITER Just like how the enthronement cer- emony has changed to adopt modern Emperor Naruhito will formally declare aspects, many changes were brought to his ascension as Japan’s 126th monarch in the imperial family during the Heisei Era front of about 2,000 leaders and represen- led by then-Emperor Akihito and Empress tatives from over 170 countries and regions Michiko. at the Imperial Palace on Tuesday. Midori Watanabe, a former producer for The Sokuirei Seiden no Gi (enthrone- Nippon TV, who extensively covered the ment ceremony) will represent the old tra- imperial family, remembers how she was dition that has been carried on over 1,000 surprised to see the changes in the imperial years, but at the same time, it will be closely family traditions. watched by people around the world as “When Emperor Showa and Empress the beginning of the new era led by a new Nagako went out, they always traveled generation of the imperial family. with a huge entourage, and Empress Emperor Naruhito ascended the chry- Nagako used to walk several steps behind santhemum throne on May 1 following the the emperor. -
On the Publication of the White Paper on Police 2010
On the publication of the White Paper on Police 2010 The White Paper on Police 2010 has been created to further the understanding among the people of the current status of the activities of the police in Japan. This year’s White Paper contains a special feature which focuses on the theme of “Globalization of Crimes and Police Efforts.” Looking at the current state of crime involving foreigners in Japan, it is apparent that criminal organizations working on a global scale are invading Japan and that those already operating in this country are internationalizing their ranks. We are seeing a situation which can only be described as “globalized crime,” in which criminal acts develop on a global scale, posing grave threats to public order. The special feature analyzes each global criminal organization by their worldwide areas of operation and explains how organizations subject to investigation become opaque and fluid, dispersing their bases of operation all over the world through the division of roles and systematic support within the network of these bases. It also explains what the police are doing to fight this immense threat. Aside from the special feature, this White Paper contains a number of topics which the police would like to share with the people, including explanations on five special subjects, including “Toward the success of APEC 2010.” Finally, this White Paper discusses the current state of public order and police actions to reassure it. The section entitled “The Frontlines of Police Activity” contains articles featuring the honest feelings of the police men and women who are actually working on the street to protect Japan. -
Medieval & Early Modern Japan
HANDBOOK b LIFE d H MEDIEVAL & c l EARLY MODERN d c M JAPAN WILLIAM E. DEAL uuc A n v d cc uuN o s l u V J HANDBOOK TO LIFE IN MEDIEVAL AND EARLY MODERN JAPAN HANDBOOK TO LIFE IN MEDIEVAL AND EARLY MODERN JAPAN WILLIAM E. DEAL Case Western Reserßve University ETFacts On File An imprint of Infobase Publishing Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan Copyright © 2006 by W illiam E. Deal All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Deal, W illiam E. Handbook to life in medieval and early modern Japan / William E. Deal. p. cm. — (Handbook to life) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1.Japan—Civilization—Tb 1868. 2. Japan—History—1185-1868. I. Title. II. Series. DS822.2.D33 2005 952,.02—dc22 2005003371 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfile.com Text design by Cathy Rincon Cover design by Semadar Megged Illustrations by Jeremy Eagle Printed in the United States of America VB FOF 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper.