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Palma Carey (Cordyline Rubra)

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Palma Carey (Cordyline Rubra) Palma carey (Cordyline rubra) Distribución: Es una planta de origen australiano, que por su uso ornamental se encuentra en otras partes del mundo, incluyendo Venezuela. Clasificación taxonómica: Reino: Plantae División: Magnoliophyta Clase: Monocotiledónea Orden: Asparagales Familia: Asparagaceae Subfamilia: Lomandroideae Género: Cordyline Especie: C. rubra (OTTO & A.DIETR.) KUNTZE Hábitat: Se trata de una planta de lento crecimiento y tallo erecto, que puede crecer desde 30 cm. hasta 4 m. de altura, según la especie. Cuando la planta es joven, el tallo es corto y está completamente recubierto por las bases de sus hojas. Al pasar el tiempo se alarga y la planta va perdiendo sus hojas inferiores. Los tallos son simples no ramificados. A medida que la planta crece las hojas bajeras mueren dando origen a un tallo desnudo y robusto. Esta especie se identifica principalmente por los tallos foliares, planos o algo cóncavos y cuya longitud es de unos 5 a 20 cm. Las hojas, de color verde mate, son estrechamente elongadas y tienen entre 15 a 50 cm de largo por 3 a 5,5 cm de ancho. La floración se da en verano, las pequeñas flores de color lila surgen del ápice de la planta. Las flores son poco significativas ornamentalmente. Aparecen en los meses secos en algunos ejemplares maduros dando lugar aún tallo largo con numerosas flores estrelladas de color crema. El fruto, una baya de color rojo brillante de unos 10 mm de diámetro, surge en panículas de 10 a 40 cm de largo. Temperatura y Humedad: A temperaturas mayores de 30°C se acelera demasiado el proceso de fotosíntesis y respiración produciendo una demanda alta de agua, la cual si no se satisface puede causar el colapso de la planta. Algunos autores sugieren que las altas tasas de transpiración registradas en zonas tropicales llevan a la acumulación de sales tóxicas en las plantas como sodio (Na+), cloruros (Cl-) y otras que producen quemaduras en los bordes de las hojas depreciando la calidad del follaje. También las hojas son más flácidas, menos consistentes y con una coloración verde claro que desmerece la calidad. La humedad relativa debe ser del 60% a fin de evitar deshidratación y desecamiento de hojas. Luz: Son plantas ávidas de luz, necesaria para mantener el colorido de las hojas. Sin embargo, se debe evitar una insolación excesiva, principalmente durante las horas de máxima intensidad de los meses más cálidos. Las variedades verdes necesitan menos luz que las variegadas. El intervalo óptimo está entre 20.000 y 30.000 lux. Para mantener el color de las hojas deben ubicarse en donde reciban abundante cantidad pero sin sol directo, especialmente en los meses más cálidos. Sólo los ejemplares de hojas verde oscuro toleran una iluminación deficiente y resisten temperaturas más bajas. Suelo: Debe presentar una buena aireación y drenaje. El pH óptimo está entre 6,5 a 7. Debe tener buen contenido de calcio, ausencia de flúor, contenido moderado de boro y C.E de 1dS/m ya que no soportan niveles altos de salinidad. Usos y cultivo: Esta especie se reproduce fácilmente a partir de semillas o esquejes de tallo. El cultivo de C. rubra no está tan extendido como el de Cordyline australis, sin embargo también es adecuada para su uso en jardines con suelos húmedos y en semisombra o como planta de interior. Es una planta resistente que tolera la falta de cuidados. En estado silvestre puede hibridar ocasionalmente con Cordyline petiolaris. Referencias: Cordyline rubre (Artículo en línea). Disponible en: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordyline_rubra Lección 22. Cultivo de Cordelyne (Artículo en línea). Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia. Disponible en: http://datateca.unad.edu.co/contenidos/302568/Material_didactico_definitivo/leccin_ 22_cultivo_de_cordelyne.html Romero D. Galería Fotográfica Personal. .
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