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Proquest Dissertations The female body in medieval China. A translation and interpretation of the "Women's Recipes" in Sun Simiao's "Beiji qianjinyaofang" Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Wilms, Sabine Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 05/10/2021 11:55:56 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280225 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typevwiter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overiaps. ProQuest Infomnation and Leaming 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 THE FEMALE BODY IN MEDIEVAL CHINA A TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION OF THE "WOMEN'S RECIPES" IN SUN SIMIAO'S BEIJI OlANJIN YAOFANG by Sabine Wilms Copyright © Sabine Wilms 2002 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF EAST ASIAN STUDIES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2002 UMI Number: 3073276 Copyright 2002 by Wilms, Sabine All rights reserved. ® UMI UMI Microform 3073276 Copyright 2003 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company, All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA ® GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Final Examination Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Sabine Wilms entitled The Female Body in Medieval Chinese Medicine. A Translation and Interpretation of the "Women's Recipes" in Sun Simiao's Beiii qianiln vaofane and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Donald Harper Date Anna M, ShieL 'lAe/oZ Date Mark Nichter // /03- Charlotte Furth 1 f, Date Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate's submission of the final copy of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. '} n! 01^ Dissertation Director Date Donald Harper STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in part:ial fulfillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgement of source is made. Requests for permission for e.xtended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the copyright holder. SIGNED 4 Acknowledgements This study would have been impossible without the help from countless sources. 1 am deeply grateful to my patient supervisor of ten years, Donald J. Harper, whose meticulous sinological scholarship and uncompromising standards provided me with an academic model unattainable for ordinary mortals. Thanks also go to the other members of my committee: to Charlotte Funh for being a kind, and yet critical mentor in the best sense of that term, to Mark Nichter for asking exciting questions I would have never dreamed of before taking his ethnomedicine classes, and to Anna Shields for her encouragement and limitless energy. In addition, Elizabeth Harrison's human support has been essential for surviving the academic pressures - if I could have figured out a way to incorporate Japanese religion into my dissertation, 1 would have. The kind advice and interest in my project by many scholars in the field of history of Chinese medicine has been an unexpected but essential fountain of support. These include Dan Bensky, Marta Hanson, T.J. Hinrichs, Elisabeth Hsu, Vivienne Lo, John Moffet, Yili Wu, and the friendly members of the Chimed discussion listserve. I want to thank all my friends and colleagues at the East Asian Studies department of the University of Arizona, including Dolma Huihsin Wang, Scott Hurley, Yang Li. and many others. Special thanks to Chieko Nakano for her support in too many areas of my life to list. During a much too brief research stay in 2001 at the Academia Sinica in Taipei, many professors and colleagues gave so freely of their time that the foundations for this dissertation were laid there in only six months. These include Lee Jen-der, Li Jianmin, Liu Chao-hui, Enno Giele, Gil Raaz, Jennifer Eichman and Li Jianjing. My dear friends Tseng Ya-ping, Lin Ying-yi. Liza Saludares, and Amie Perr> made sure Taiwan will always be a second home for me. I gratefully acknowledge the generous assistance by the Center for Chinese Studies in Taipei which financed this trip. In addition, dissertation writing grants from the Graduate College at the University of Arizona and the China Times Cultural Foundation were essential in the formative stages of this project. Last but not least, this entire project would have been utterly impossible w ithout the enduring assistance, love, and example of my parents and family, including Ruth Pancoast. Thanks also to my faithful childcare providers and to my musical partners, especially to Jesus Garcia for Mexican polkas, to Carol Ostrander for Jazz serenades, and to Mars and Mayre Burnside for Scottish contradances. 1 would have surely lost my mind without all of you! This work is. of course, dedicated to my favorite peach, my daughter Momo. whose birth provided the first spark for the topic, whose faith in me has been limitless, whose singing has kept me going, and whose lack of patience and refusal to let me work at home has saved my sanity! 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract 9 A. PROLEGOMENA 10 A.l. Introduction 11 A.2. Sun Simiao and the Beiii qianiin vaofang 22 A.2.a. Summary of Sun's Life and Work 22 A.2.b. The Qianiinfang in the Context of Recipe Literature 37 A.2.C. Editorial History of the Qianiinfang 53 A.3. The Content of Sun Simiao's "Women's Recipes" 59 A.3.a. Reproduction 61 Case Study: an Interpretation of Section 1, "Seeking a Child" 63 A.3.b. Miscellaneous Treatments and Supplementing 83 A.3.C. Menstrual Problems and Vaginal Discharge 85 A.3.d. Conclusion 93 A.4. Topics for Future Research 96 A.4.a. General Issues 96 A.4.b. Reproduction 103 A.4.C. Physiology 106 A.4.d. The Truly Gendered Body 109 A.5. Conclusion 113 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued B. TRANSLATION 115 B. 1. Translation of Scroll 2 116 B.l.a. Seeking a Child 116 B. 1 .b. Aversion Obstruction in Pregnancy [Jg. 137 B.l.c. Nurturing the Fetus 146 Xu Zhicai's Month-by-Month Recipes for Nurturing the Fetus 148 B. 1 .d. The Various Illnesses of Pregnancy H |0 168 B.l.d.i. Fetal Commotion and Repeated Miscarriage fpi/jlit ^|]n '68 B.I.d.ii. Leaking Womb jHI® 170 B.l.d.iii. Child Vexation y-'Hl 172 B.l.d.iv. Heart, Abdominal, and Waist Pain, and Intestinal Fullness 'Ommm&mm 173 B.l.d.v. Cold Damage 176 B.l.d.vi. Hot and Cold Disease 180 B.l.d.vii. Vaginal Bleeding TOS. '81 B.l.d.viii. Urinary Disorders 185 B.l.d.ix. Bowel Disease T01 '88 B.I.d.x. Water Swelling '9' 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued B.l.e. Childbirth Complications 193 B.l.f. Death of the Child in Abdomen 201 B. 1 .g. Breech Birth 206 B. 1 .h. Failure to Expel the Placenta ffifp 209 B. 1 .i. Bringing Down the Breastmiik ~f -13 8.2. Translation of Scroll 3 221 B.2.a. Depletion Injury ;j§|i 221 B.2.b. Depletion Vexation iMM 236 B.2.C. Wind Stroke 241 B.2.d. Heart and Abdominal Pain L 258 B.2.e. Malign Dew 261 B.2.f. Bowel Disease 7^ ^ 282 B.2.g. Strangury and Dehydration 290 B.2.h. Miscellaneous Treatments |t;tj 295 B.3. Translation of Scroll 4 319 B.3.a. Supplementing and Boosting 319 B.3.b. Stopped Menstrual Flow 331 8 TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued B.3.C. Red and White Vaginal Discharge, Collapse of the Center and Leaking Discharge 354 B.3.d. Irregular Menstruation If 391 C. APPENDICES 401 C.l. Sun's Biography in the Jiu Tangshu 402 C.2. Materia Medica Index 409 C.3, Symptoms, Syndromes, and Diseases Index 452 C.4. Tang Weights and Measures 462 D. REFERENCES 463 D.l. Primary Sources 464 D.2. Secondary Sources 466 9 ABSTRACT This dissertation investigates the medical treatment of the female body in medieval China based on the women-related sections of a pivotal work in the history of Chinese medicine, the second through fourth scrolls of Sun Simiao's ^ Beiii qianiin vaofang flm^ ^ ^ 77 (completed ca.
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