1898. Congressional Record-Senate

1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 471

correct the 1·ecordof TheronR. Powell, of Orange County, N.Y. to organize a board of not less than three competent persons wb..ose to the Committee on Military Affairs. duty it shall be to inquire into and determine how much the hull, By Mr. OTJEN: Petition of M. Zolsman and 20 other citizens of machinery, and appurtenances of the U.S. revenue cutter Daniel Milwaukee, Wis., in opposition to the so-called anti-scalping bill or Manning, contracted for by the Department, cost the contractors any similar measure-to the Committee on Interstat9 and Foreign over and above the contract price, but stating the necessity of an Commerce. appropriation of $1,000 by Congress for the purpose; which was By Mr. PARKER of New. Jersey (by request): Petition of Bene ordered to lie on the table and to be printed. dictPrieth and 125othercitizens of Newark, N. J.,members of the Turner Bnnd, in opposition to the ''educational test" in tho Lodge S.A.LES OF INDIA.N L.A.:f\TDS. immigration bill-to the Committee on Immigration and N aturali The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica zation. tion from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting a letter By Mr. RICHARDSON: Petition of William H. Huggins, of from the Auditor for the Interior Department upon the subject Dekalb County, Tenn., asking for a pension-to the Committee of liabilities of registers and receivers on their bondi for the pro on Invalid Pensions. ceeds arising from the sales of Indian lands, t>.nd recommending Also, petition of R. D. Warren and 110 other citizens of Lincoln immediate legislation for the security and protection of the inter County, Tenn., asking for a survey of Elk River and opening the ests of the United States and the Indians; which, with the accom same for navigation from Fayetteville to its mouth-to the Com panying paper, was referred to the Committee on Public Lands, mittee on Rivers and Harbors. and ordered to be printed. By Mr. ROBINSON of Indiana: Resolutions adopted at a meet-· ing of citizens of Fort Wayne, Ind., remonstrating against any PETITIO:NS .A.ND MEMORIALS. treaty of alliance with England-to the Committee on Foreign Mr. :MILLS presented a memorial of sundry business firms of Affairs. Bonham, Tex., remonstrating against any change being made in By Mr. SPERRY (by request): Petition of railway postal clerks the present system of ticket brokerage; which was referred to the detailed as transfer clerks, for leave of absence, with pay, in each Committee on Interstate Commerce. year-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Mr. ALLEN presented memorials of Gustav Belitz and sundry By Mr. STEELE: Petition of W. I. Leffel and other citizens of other citizens of Bancroft; of Rev. M. Winters, of Leigh; of D. Deedsville, Ind., asking a pension for Thomas Stevenson, father Kuhlman and sundry other citizens of Graft; of J. Anderson and of .James G. Stevenson-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. sundry other citizens of Hay Springs, and of Otto Siemers and sun dry other citizens of Dunbar, all in the State of Nebraska, remon strating against the enactment of legislation restricting immigra tion; which were ordered to lie on the table. SENATE. He also presented a petition of sundry labor unions and organi zations of San Francisco, Cal., praying that relief be granted from :MoNDAY, January 10, 1898. the competition of prison labor in that State; which was referred Prayer by Rev. STEPHEN M. MERRILL, D. D., of Chicago, Ill. to the Committee on Education and Labor. · The Journal of the proceedings of Friday last was read and He also pre3ented the affidavit of G. R. Turner, of Blue Springs, approved. Gage County, Nebr., in support of the bill (S. 2304) granting a THE CIVIL SERVICE. pension to G. R. Turner, of Blue Springs, Nebr.; which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica Mr. McMILLAN presented memorials of Longshoremen's Union tion from the Secretary of the Navy, transmitting, in response to No. 30, of Port Huron; of Detroit River Lodge, No. 2, Association the resolutions of the 18th ultimo, certain information as to the of Amalgamated Iron and Steel Workers, of Detroit; of Cigar appointive positions in his Depa1·tment which should, in his Makers' Union No. 184, of Bay City; of Retail Clerks' Union No. opinion, be excepted from the operation of the rules governing the 165, of Saginaw, and of Local Union No. 26, of Grand Rapids, all civil service or the rules established by the Civil ~en-ice Com in the Sta.te of Michigan, remonstrating against any change be mission, and stating that in the opinion of the Department the ing made in the present system of ticket brokerage; which were only amendment which its experienee suggests in the laws gov referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. erning the civil service or the rules established by th~ Civil Service Mr. FAIRBANKS presented the petitions of W. H. Martin and Commission relates to the rules; which was referred to the Com 27 other citizens of Dayton, Ohio; of Thomas Baldwin and 47 other mittee on Civil Service and Retrenchment, and ordered to be citizens of Colfax, lll.; of George L. Spinning and 40 other citi printed. zens of South Orange and Clarksburg, N.J.; of William Duffey He also laid before the Senate a communication from the Post and 48 other citizens of Hilton, Irvington, Newark, and Maple master-General, transmitting, in response to the resolutions of wood, all in the State of New J~rsey; of Charles Wiseand20other the 18th ultimo, certain information relative to what appointive citizens of North Industry, Howenstine, and Canton, in the State positions in his Department should, in his opinion, be excepted of Ohio; of Emery Yoder and 24 other citizens of North Industry from the operation of the laws governing the civil service or the and Battlesburg. in the State of Ohio, and of A. B. Gauze and 75 rules established by the Civil Service Commission, and recommend other citizens of Howenstine, North Industry, Bancroft, and Otter ing that certain positions should be excepted from the rules gov bein, in the State of Ohio, praying for the enactment of legislation erning the classified civil service in addition to those of private which will more effectually restrict immigration and prevent the secretary and confidential clerk to the Postmaster-General and admission of illiterate~ pauper, and criminal classes to the United unskilled laborers, which are now exempt; which was referred to States; which were ordered to lie on the table. the Committee on Civil Service and Reti·enchment, and ordered .M:r. McBRIDE presented the memorial of W. S. Cutler aJnd 20 to be printed. other citizens of Portland, Oreg., remonstrating against any He also laid before the Senate a communication from the Secre change being made in the present system of ticket brokerage; tary of the Interior, transmitting, in response to the resolutions of which was referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. the 18th ultimo relative to appointive positions in his Department l\.fr. ALLISON presented a petition of sundry clergymen of to be excepted from the operation of the laws governing the civil Dubuque, Iowa, praying for the creation of a commission to in service, or the rules established by the Civil Service Commission, a vestigate the labor problem; which was referred to t#le Committee list of certain positions in his Department which should, in his on Education and Labor. opinion, be excepted; which was referred to the Committee on He also presented a petition of sundry letter carriers of Des Civil Service and Retrenchment, and ordered to be printed. Moines, Iowa, praying for the retention upon the statute books of PROTECTION OF FUR SEALS. the present law relating-to the civil service; which was referred The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica to the Committee on Civil Service and Retrenchment. tion from the Secretary of State, transmitting, in response to a He also presented a petition of sundry clergymen of Dubuque, resolution of May25, 1897, a complete and accurate copy of a note Iowa, praying for the enactment of legislation to limit absolute of instruction of April 21, 1897, from Lord Salisbury to Sir Julian divorces in the District of Columbia and the Territories; which Pauncefote in relation to the protection of fur seals in Bering Sea, was referred t-o the Committee on the District of Columbia. an important typewritten page of the copy heretofore submitted He also presented a petition of sundry clergymen of Dubuque, having been omitted; which, with the accompanying papers, was Iowa, praying for the enactment of a Sunday-rest law for the Dis referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations, and ordered to be trict of Columbia; which was referred to the Committee on the printed. District of Columbia. He also presented a petition of sundry clergymen of Dubuque, REVENUE CUTTER DANIEL J1I.A.NNING. Iowa, praying for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica interstate ti·ansmission of lottery or other gambling messages by tion from the Secretary of the Treasury, in response to a resolution telegraph; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. of the 5th instant, expressing the willingness of the Department He also presented a petition of sundry clergymen of Dubuque, 472 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY lOt

Iowa, praying for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the sale Crawford and 51 other citizens ·of Philadelphia, and of W. H. o:f mto.A'icating liquors in all Government buildings; which was Hendershot and 72 other citizens of Royalton, West Londonderry, referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Middletown, and Harrisburg, all in the State of Pennsylvania, He also presented a petition of sundry clergymen of Dubuque, praying for the enactment of legislation which will more effectu Iowa, praying for the enactment of legislation raising the age of ally restrict immigration and prevent the admission of illiterate, protection for girls to 18 years in the District of Columbia and the pauper, and criminal cla-sses to the United States; which were Territories; which was referred to the Committee on the District ordered to lie on the table. of Columbia. Mr. TILLMAN presented the affidavit of Dr. F. W: P. Butler, He also presented_a memorial of the Iowa Mutual Protective of Edgefield, S. C., in support of the bill (S. 2098) for the relief of Association of Stacyville, Iowa, remonstrating against the passage J. E. Davis.; which was referred to the Committee on Claims. of the so-called Lodge immigration bill; which was ordered to lie on the table. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. He also p1·esented a petition of sundry cleTgymen of Dubuque, Mr. NE.LSON, from the Committee on Public LRnds, to whom Iowa, praying for the enactment of legislation excluding illiterate was referred the bill (S. 2755) to authorize the President of the immigrants; which was ordered to lie on the table. United Stutes to cause certain lands heretofore withdrawn from He also presented a petition of sundry clergymen of Dubuque, market for reservoir purposes to be restored to the public domain, Iowa, praying for the enactment of legislation substituting vol subject to entry under the homestead law with· certain restric untary arbitration for railway strikes; which was referred to the tions, reported it with amendments, and submitted a report Committee on Education and Labor. thereon. He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Dubuque, He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the Iowa, praying for the enactment of legislation to prohibit the bill (S. 886) for the relief of applicants to purchase public lands transmission by mail or interstate commerce of newspaper descrip under the timber and stone act, reported it with amendments# tions of prize fights; which was referred to the Committee on the Mr. ALLEN, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom Judiciary. was referred the bill (S.1247) to prohibit railroad companies from He also presented a petition of sundry clergymen of Dubuque, charging more than 3 cents per mile for canying passengers Iowa, pra:yin.g for the enactment of legislation to prohibit kineto through the Indian Territory, reported it without amendment, scope reproductions of pugilistic t\ncounters in the District of and submitted a report thereon. Columbia and the Territories, and the interstate transmission of :Mr. BERRY. I am directed by the Committea on Public Lands, mateTials for the same; which was ordered to lie on the table. to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 4.221) to confirm cert::Lin cash He also presented a memorial of the Board of Trade of Water entries of publiclands, to report it back favorably, without amend-. loo, Iowa, remonstrating against the enactment of legislation ment, and submit a 1·eport thereon. I should like to state that establishing a uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the this is a very short bill, which has been reported on favorably by United States; which was .referred to the Committee on the Judi the Secretary of the Interior and passed by the House; and as it is ciary. important, on account of certain suspended entries, that it should He also presented a petition of sundry labor unions and organi become a law, I ask unanimous consent to have it considered now. zations of San Francisco, Cal. praying that relief be g:ranted from It will take but a very few moments, and I think there will be no the competition of prison labor in that State; which waa refen·od objection to it. to the Committee on Education and Labor. The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the present con· Mr. COCKRELL presented petitions of the Woman's Christian sideration of the bill? Temperance unions of Rushville, Monroe City, Warrensburg, and Mr. ALLISON. Let it be read. Lancaster, all in the State of Missouri! and a petition of the congre Mr. HALE. It ·seems to me we had better have the regular gation of the Methodist Episcopal Chmch t>f Freeman, Mo., pray order. Otherwise all the time will be taken up by requests for the ing for the enactment of legislation to protect State anticigarette immediate consideration of bills that we do not know anything laws bypro-viding that cigarettes imported in original packages on about. I do not know anything about this bill; I do not know entering any S'tate shall become subject to its laws; which were that I have anything against it at all; but we can certainly get refened to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. along better if we proceed in regular order and let the reports and IU:r. DANIEL presented a memorial of Staunton Council, No. the other routine business come :in in due course. 113. Order of United Commercial Tra:velers of America, of Staun Mr. BERRY. l hope the Senator from Maine will enforce that ton·, Va._, remonstrating against any change being made in the rule on all occa-sions. It has b9en very customary recently to pass present system of ticket brokerage; which was referred to the Com bills of this characte1· upon being reported. I regret to have the mittee on Interstate Commerce. Senator draw the line on this particular bill at this time. I should 1\ofr. W~

thereon; which was agreed to, and the bill was postponed in title, and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the Commit definitely. tee on Military Affairs. M1·. HANSBROUGH, from the Committee on the District of He also introduced a bill (S. 3086) granting a pension to John Columbia, to whom was referred the joint resolution (S. R. 4) Can·, of Arkansas City, Kans.; which was read twice by its title, providing for the appointment of a commission to report upon and referred to the Committee on Pensions. the practicability of establishing near Washington, D. C., a ground He also introduced a bill (S. 3087) to refund internal-revenue map of the United Stat-es , asked to be discharged from its further taxes paid by owners of pri-vate dies; which was read twice by its consideration and that it be referred to the Committee on Public title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. Buildings and Grounds; which was agreed to. :Mr. HEITFELD introduced a bill (S. 3088) to amend "An act Mr. BACON, from the Committee on the District of Columbia, to provide the times and places for holding terms of the United to whom was referred the bill (S. 915) to incorporate the Wash States courts in the States of Idaho and Wyoming," approved ington Cooling Company and grant thereto the right to lay pipes July 5, 1892, as amended by the amendatory act approved No for distribution of materials for refrigerating purposes, submitted vember 3, 1893; which was read twice by its title, and referred an adverse report thereon; which was agreed to, and the bill was to the Committee on the Judiciary. postponed indefinitely. Mr. WALTHALL introduced the following bills; which were He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the severally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee bill (S. 2323) supplemental to the act of February 9, 1821, incor on Claims: porating the Columbian College in the District of Columbia, and A bill (S. 3089) for the relief of the estate of Ann Sum, deceased, the acts amendator y thereof, reported it without amendment, and late of Warren Conn ty, Miss.; and submitted a rep01"t thereon. A bill (S.3090) for the relief of Archilles M. H araway,of DeSoto BILLS INTRODUCED. County, Miss. Mr. JONES of Arkansas introduced a bill (S. 3091) to author Mr. LODGE introduced a bill (S. 3066) granting an increase of ize the Chickasaw Nation to appeal certain cases from the district pension to Henry Chapman; which was read twice by its title, and court to the Supreme Court of the United States; which was read referred to the Committee on Pensions. twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. 1\Ir. KYLE (by request) introduced a bill (S. 3067) for the relief Mr. McMILLAN introduced a bill (S. 3092) to amend the mili of Sarah M. Dove, widow of the late Benjamin M. Dove, com tary rec9rd of James H. Gould; which was read twice lJy its title, mander, United States Navy; which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee and, with the accompanying paper, referred to the Committee on on Military Affairs. Pensions. He also introduced a bill (S. 3093) to change the names of cer Mr. DANIEL (by request) introduced a bill (S.3068) for there tain thoroughfares in the county of Washington, D. C.; which lief of George W. Rosen berger, of Newmarket, Va.; which was was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on the read twice by its title, and refeTred to the Committee on Claims. He also (by request) introduced a bill (S. 3069) for the relief of District of Columbia. Phillip W. Engs, of New York City, N.Y., and Enoch M. Mar Mr. SPOONER introduced a bill (S. 3094) to indemnify the shall, of Fauquier County, Va.; which was read twice by its title, State of Wisconsin for swamp and overflowed lands therein, and referred to the Committee on Claims. granted by Congress to said State, but disposed of by the Gove.rn Mr. ALLISON introduced a bill (S. 3070) for the construction ment, for cash and otherwise, and to quiet the title of settlers and of a public building at Clinton, Iowa; which was read twice by other purchasers of lands within said State from the United States, and for other purposes; which was read twice by its title, its title, ~-nd referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. and referred to the Committee on Public Lands. He also introduced the following bills; which were severally He also introduced a bill (S. 3095) increasing the pension of read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on Pen Katherine L. Cushing, widow of William B. Cushing, late com sions: mander in United States Navy; which was read twice by its title, A bill (S. 3071) granting an increase of pension to Adam Craw and referred to the Committee on Pensions. 1\lr. FAIRBANKS introduced the following bills; which were I shaw; J A bill (S. 3072) granting an increase of pe:r;tsion to Maj. John H. severally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee Gearkee; on Pensions: A bill (S. 3073) granting a pension to Anna.M. Tate; A bill (S. 3096) granting pensions to Levina Pendock and Me A bill (S. 3074) granting an increase of pension ·to George F. lisa Pendock, daughters of Samnel Pendock, deceased, who was a White; and soldier in the Revolutionary war and the war of 1812 (with ac A bill (S. 3075) granting an increase of pension to Col Benja companying papers); min Beach. A bill (S. 3097) increasing the pension of Alexander Hughes, of Mr. ALLISON introduced a bill (S. 3076) granting an honorable Petersburg, Pike County, Ind. (with accompanying papers); and discharge to Prentice Holmes; which was read twice by its title, A bill (S. 3098) increasing the pension of Lorinda N. Smith, of and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. Collins, Ind. (with accompanying papers). Mr. CHILTON introduced a bill (S. 3077) to grant the right of Mr. HOAR introduced a bill (S. 3099) to amend the act provid way through the Indian Territory to the Denison, Bonham and ing for the holding of terms of the district court at Pawhuska, in New Orleans Railway Company for the purpose of constructing a the Osage .Reservation, in Oklahoma Territory, and for other railway, and for other purposes; which was read twice by its title, purposes; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. CAFFERY (by request) introduced the following bills; He also (by request) introduced a bill (S. 3100) to prevent the which were severally read twice by their titles, and referred to desecration of the national flag; which was read twice by its title, the Committee on Claims: and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. A bill (S. 3078) for the relief of Mollie S. Wossman, of East Car Mr. HALE introduced a bill (S. 3101) to increase the number of roll Parish, La. · assistant paymasters in the Navy; which was read twice by its A bill (S. 3079) for the relief of Toussaint Ecby, of Lafayette, title, and referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. La.; Mr. PETTIGREW introduced a bill (S. 3102) granting an in A bill (S. 3080) for the relief of Augustin Lastrappes, of Lafay crease of pension to William H. Clark; which was read twice by ette, La.; its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. A bill (S. 3081) for the relief of J. M. Charpentier, of St. Mary Mr. MORGAN introduced a bill (S. 3103) for the relief of Jona Parish, La.; and than Paulk, of Lauderdale County, Ala.; which was read twice A bill (S. 3082) for the relief of Joe CaiToll, of Monroe, La. by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. Mr. RAWLINS introduced a bill (S. 3083) to provide for the Mr. THURSTON introduced a bill (S. 3104) for the relief of refunding of certain moneys illegally assessed and collect-ed in Maj. W. W. Lowe; which was read twice by its title, and referred the district of Utah; which was read twice by its title, and re to the Committee on Military Affairs. ferred to the Committee on Claims. Mr. HAWLEY introduced a bill (S. 3105) to correct the mili Mr, ALLEN introduced a bm (S. 3084) to repeal the charter tary record of Pet-er Buckley; which was read twice by its title, and all acts of Congress incorporating the Capitol, North OStreet and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. and South Washington Railway Company, now the Belt Railway Mr. HANSBROUGH introduced a bill (S. 3106) to prevent the Company, in the city of Washington and District of Columbia, desecration of the national flag; which was read twice by its title, and all acts and parts of acts amendatory thereof, and for other and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. purposes; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the 1\fr. LODGE introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 80) authorizing Committee on the District of Columbia. the Secretary of War to prepare and submit estimates for the Mr. BAKER introduced a bill (S. 3085) for the relief of John improvement of the harbor at Lynn, :Mass.; which was read twice Courtney, of Tl.·adingpost, Kans.; which wa.s read twice by its by its title, and referred to the Committee on Colillllerce. 474 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. JANUARY 10,

Mr. ELKINS introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 81) authoriz· FINANCIAL POLICY, ing the Director of the Geological Survey to prepare a map of Alaska; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Mr. ALLEN. On the 7th of this month I introduced a rasolu· tion, which is to be found on page 418 of the R ECORD. The reso. Committee on Printing. lution under the rules, at the conclusion of the debate, passed AMENDMENT TO INDIAN APPROPRIATIO~ BILL. to the Calendar. In view of the fact that more remarks are Mr. THURSTON submitted an amendment intended to be pro to be submitted in support of the views there expressed, I ask posed by him to the Indian appropriation bill; which was referred that the order be changed and that the resolution lie on the table to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. subject to call. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The Chair understands that the reso. FOURTH OF JULY CLAIMS. lution is now on the Calendar and that it can be called up on mo Mr. COCKRELL. I desire to have a statement printed for the tion at any time. use of the Senate, containing letters of the Quartermaster-General Mr. ALLEN. The resolution I think has gone to the Calendar and the Commissary-General, showing the number of claims pre by the operation of the rule, and to avoid the necessity of reintro· sented under the law of July 4,1864, for stores and supplies fur ducing it for further discussion I ask that the order be changed nished or taken during the late war, the action had thereon, their and that the resolution may lie on the table subject to call. present status: the law of July 4, 1864, and amendatory acts, and The VICE-PRESIDENT. There being no objection, that will the rules and regulations of the War Department regarding them. be the order. The Chair hears none. The resolution lies on the There are a great many of those claims in various States, and the table. applicants are asking for information about them. This state REVENUE CUTTER DANIEL MANNING. ment will give the desired information regarding nearly all of them, and it will be useful to the Committee on Claims and to the Mr. HOAR. I submit a resolution for which I ask immediate Senate. consideration. The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there any objection to the request The resolution was read, as follows: of the Senator from Missouri? The Chair hears none; and it is Resolved, Tha.t the Secretary of the Treasury be requested to organize a board of not less than three competent persons, who shall inquire into and ordered as requested. determine how much the hull, machinery, and appurtenances of the U. S. DISTRICT WATER SUPPLY. revenue cutter Daniel Manning, contracted for by the Department, cost the cont ractors over and above the contract price, if anything, and report the Mr. McMILLAN. I submit a resolution and ask for 'its pres same to the Senate, the cost of said proceeding to be secured and defrayed by ent consideration. lihe parties in interest. The resolution was read, as follows: The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is thereobjection to the present con· Resolved, That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, requested to sideration of the resolution? report to the Senate any infor mation that inay be in possession of the War Mr. ALLEN. I do not want to object to the consideration of Department in r elation to the fi1 tration of the water supply of the District of Columbia, together with any suggestions that may be made by the Snrgeon the resolution, but I think we are entitled to an explanation from Gi3neral of the .A.rmy and the officer in charge of the Washington Aqueduct the Senator from Massachusetts respecting it. relative to such subject. . Mr. HOAR. I do not hear the Senator. The Senate, by unanimous consent, proceeded to consider the Mr. ALLEN. I do not understand the propriety of the Gov· resolution. ernment paying out $1,000 for a board to make the examination Mr. HALE. Mr. President, I hope the Committee on the Dis called for in the resolution when there is evidently competent trict of Columbia, to whom this resolution goes, will ba able to authority in the Navy Department to make the investigation devise and bring about some method by which the suffering peo without charge to the Government. ple of this District can be furnished with a supply of good, pure, Mr. HOAR. If the Senator will allow me to make a brief ex clean, sweet water. planation, I think he will see that his objection has been encoun I venture to say that· in no part of the United States is a com tered by the rt:Jsolution. munity of the size of that represented by the population of this There are several precedents where, when these matters were District so imposed upon and abused in this most important re somewhat complicated and important, the parties have requested spect as the people of the District of Columbia. It is not alone the Secretary of the Treasury to organize a board of this kind. A we who suffer who come here, but all the denizens of the District resolution to this effect passed the Senate th~ other day, making are confronted with the everyday use of bad, foul water, which is no suggestion about defraying the cost~ whereupon the Secretary dangerous to drink and which makes it irksome even to take a of the Treasury reports that it would give him pleasure to organ· bath. This is what ought not to be the case. We have suffered ize the board, but that there is no provision for paying the expense. for years, on the principle, I suppose, that what is everybody's This resolution repeats the other one with the addition, provided business is nobody's business. I have great faith in the efficiency that the expense shall be defrayed and secured by the parties in of the Committee on the District of Columbia and the chairman interest, so that the party gets the finding of the facts by an offi· of that committee in doing something to free us from the misera cer appointed by.the Government, but pays the charge himself ble condition we are in now. under the resolution. Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, before the resolution passes, Mr. ALLEN. I recollect the passage of the resolution a few I desire, as a member of the Committee on the District of Colum days ago, and I thought then that it would be a wise thing to in· bia , to make a single observation in answer to the very proper quire into this method of proceeding. I doubt the propriety of criticisms in certain directions of the Senator from Maine. the Government or anybody else paying the judge who passes upon I wish to say in behalf of the Committee on the District of Co this case. lumbia., of which I chance to be a member, that that committee 1\fr. HOAR. It is to be paid bythe petitioner entirely. All the has not been unmindful of the fact that the water supply of the cost is to be paid by him. District of Columbia is not only in an unfiltered state, but that we Mr. ALLEN. But what I most desire to suggest is, that if the likewise have an inadequate supply of water for the people of this Government has power to enter into contract, as it has, for the District. The committee, in inquiring into this matter, has felt constl·uction of machinery, or for the construction of anything that the fu·st requisite is in some way to get an adequate supply of else that maybe necessary, it has the incidental power to pass upon water and then to adopt some system of filtl·ation that would the question of the fulfillment of the contl·act. The power to con· purify the water. tract without the power to determine the fulfillment of the con· My impression is that the water which is furnished to the citi tract can hardly be supposed. If it be true that we have made a zens of this District is not impure in quality. I think that chem contract with these parties, whoever they may be, and there has ical analyses have shown from time to time that the water is not not been a fulfillment of the terms of that contl·act, is there not hurtful to the health of the people. That it ought to be filtered expert authority somewhere in the Depat·tment that can be detailed goes without the saying; but a system of filtration will be an ex to pass on the question without the payment of extra money out pensive matter, and under the condition of the Treasury it is very of the Treasury? natural that the committee has moved slowly with a view to hav Mr. HOAR. Unquestionably. Will the Senator allow me to ing its recommendations adopted when it got around to the mak read the resolution again carefully? Perhaps I do not fully under ing of those recommendations. I believe it was the late Senator stand his question. Ingalls who said that the water of a certain river in this country Mr. ALLEN. I shall not object to the resolution, however. is too thick to drink and a little too thin for agricultural pur Mr. HOAR. I think the Senator will find it is a claim under poses. That applies very well to the water of the Potomac River. peculiar circumstances of equity by the contl·actors to be reim But I will say to the Senator from 1\Iaine and to the Senate that bursed a certain sum above the contract price on the ground that the Committee on the District of Columbia is struggling with this the article cost more than the contract price. It is not proposed matter, and that in due time the members hope to be able to solve to deal with that matter now, but the contractor desires that the the problem, asking the cooperation of·the Senate in their very Treasury officials shall ascertain whether it has actually cost him laudable undertaking. more than he is entitled to receive, with a view of submitting to The resolution was agreed to. Congress his equities. This resolve p1·ovides that the Secretary of 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 475

the Treasury may do that, the contractor paying all the costs of the compensation they are receiving to organize a board of indi proceeding, so that it will not cost the Government a dollar. viduals outside to pass upon the question whether the contract Mr. ALLEN. Suppose the board, or the commissioners, what has been complied with and whether in equity the contractor evei· they may be called, shall report to the Secretary_ <;>f the should receive greater compensation than he has agreed to take? Treasury that the material cost much m01·e than was anticipated What I want to emphasize is the fact that on every conceivable at the time the contract was made, that of course is· to furnish occasion opportunities ar.a sought to bring into the public servjce the basis for a claim against the Government. useless persons or useless boards and organizations to expend the 1\Ir. HOAR. For an application to Congress. public money. We have, in round numbers, over 120,000 people in Mr. ALLEN. For an application to Congress. While I do not the civil service of the Government to-day. There are 25,000 object to the Senator havjng the resolution passed, because it is a people in the city of Washington occupying positions under the mere bagatelle so far as the amount expended is concerned, I do Government and drawing salaries from the Government who are want to register my protest against any man entering into a con absolutely useless and render no efficient service, and yet we are tract with the Government of the United States and pleading the pushing the number higher and higher, and every conceivable pre baby act. · text is seized on to furnish some place seeker either temporary or Whenever a man enters into a contract to furnish material or permanent employment at the expense of the Government. to furnish labor, let him stand by that contract. Let him be bound The VICE-PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the present con by its terms. If the Senator from Massachutfetts should enter into sideration of the resolution? The Chair hears none. a contract with a builder to furnish m~terials for the construction Mr. ALLISON. Let the resolution be again read. of a house he would not release that builder from the terms of his The VICE-PRESIDENT. The resolution will be again read at contract because the material might cost him more when he came the request of the Senator from Iowa. to build the house than he anticipated at the time he made the The Secretary again read the resolution. contract. If we are to pursue the course this firm, or this gentle Mr. RAWLINS. I should like to ask the Senator from Massa man (I do not remember whether it is a firm or an indivjdual), chusetts, if he will permit me to do so, if he does not think that wants us to pursue, then every time a man makes a contract with the resolution ought to authorize the commission, if it shall find the United States he will do so in anticipation of getting the Gov that the cost exceeded the contract price under circumstances ernment to allow him more than he originally contracted to do the which would make it proper that the Government should pay the work or to furnish the material for, and the time would never increased cost, also to find whether such claim has been settled or come, under such circumstances, when the Government, like an released? There are numerous claims of this description pending individual, could be said to be rid of tbe terms or obligations of before the Committee on Claims based upon just such reports as its contract. this commission is req"!-lired to make, but they do not furnish suf Then I submit another point. Upon every simple pretext the ficient information to enable that committee intelligently to pass Treasury Department and other Departments are running to Con upon the claims. gress for small appropriations to create a board or a commission Mr. HOAR. I have no objection to adding, at the suggestion to do this and to do that. Here is the Treasury Department, with of the Senator from Utah and also at the suggestion of the Senator hundreds and thousands of employees in the service who are paid from Iowa [Mr. ALLISON], made to me in private, the words "and by the Government and who are doing all kinds of work. the facts and circumstances which led to such increased cost." Mr. HOAR. May I ask the Senator whether he understands The VICE-PRESIDENT. The resolution will be modified as that this particular expense is to be paid wholly by the contract suggested by the Senator from Massachusetts. The question is ors and that the United States are to pay nothing whatever? on the adoption of the resolution as modified. Mr. ALLEN. I infer if the board reports that the material fur The resolution as modified was agreed to. nished by the contractor was more valuable than he agreed to MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. furnish, we will be besought to allow him more than his contract calls for, and that in the end the Government will pay it. A message fTom the House of Representatives, by M.r. W. J. Mr. HOAR. If the Senator will allow me, he has stated very BROWNING, its Chief Clerk, transmitted to the Senate the resolu strongly and very clearly and persuasively a proposition in which tions of the House as a tribute to the memory of Hon. AsHLEY B. I am fully in accord with him. But there is one exception. There WRIGHT, deceased, late a member of the House of Representatives is one thing which takes this class of cases out of that general from the State of Massachusetts. consideration. and that is that the contracts for naval machinery EXECUTIVE SESSION. and the· newly invented naval vessels are made in regard to a :Mr. DAVIS. I move that the Senate proceed to the considera matter where there are processes of invention and improvement tion of executive business. going on all over the world. A naval vessel is very often com The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the con pleted at the request of the Government and for the benefit ofthe sideration of executive business. After three hours spent in Government in a way not contemplated in the original contract, executive session the doors were reopened, and (at 3 o'clock and and the changes which are made in the contract by the direction 50 minutes p. m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Tues of the Government causes a delay which makes a change in the day, January 11, 1898, at 12 o'clock meridian. cost of materials even in carrying out the plans which are not changed. As I put the illustration some time ago, it is as if I should agree with a contractor to build me a cottage at Newport, NOMINATIONS. with the understanding that I might, as we went on, make such Executit•e nominations received by the Senate January 10, 1898. changes in the plans as I should see fit, and before he got through RECEIVER OF PUBLIC MONEYS. I required him to build a Fifth Avenue Hotel in New York City. So far as the additions are concerned, that matter is probably Cyrus Anderson, of Blakeman, Kans., \o be receiver of public covered by the provjsion that the contractor shall be paid reasona moneys at Colby, Kans., vice Thomas J. McCue, whose term will bly for the extras; but in making these changes he is obliged to expire January 15, 1898. wait and delay, and to make the part of the boat which is not REGISTERS OF 'J.'HE LAND OFFICE. changed at all at a time when the cost of labor and materials has Thomas A. Scates, of Liberal, Kans., to be register of the land risen. In such cases we have, although there has been great re office at Dodge City, Kans., vice John I. Lee, whose term will ex sistance, always paid the contractor without a dissenting vote in pire January 15, 1898. the Senate. But in this case we are not concluded about that Kleber E. Willcockson, of Oakley, Kans., to be register of the matter at all The resolution only says that when the question of land office at Colby, Kans., vice James N. Fike, whose term will how much the extra cost is shall be determined, instead of the expire January 15, 1898. contracto1· bringing in his own witnesses to prove it, it shall be ascertained by persons selected by the Government, but whose PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY. costs. charges, expenses, and compensation are to be entirely de- Cavalry a1"Tl1. . frayed by him. Second Lieut. John William Furlong, First Cavalry, to be first That is the way the resolution reads. If the Senator can sug- lieutenant, December 11, 1897, vice Harman, Sixth Cavalry, ap gest any way of guarding it more thoroughly than it is now pointed regimental quartermaster. guarded, I shall consent to it, of course. Mr. ALLEN. I understand the case to be exactly as the Sena- Injant1-y a1"11'!.. tor from Massachusetts has stated; but what I say is that theGov- First Lieut. JonasAdenEmery,Eleventhinfantry, to be captain, ernment retains in its contract the right to modify its specifica- December 16, 18!>7, vice Heistand, Eleventh Infantry, appointed tions and to change the plans from time to time. The Government assistant adjutant-gene1·al. who resigns his line commission. has in its employ a vast army of experts, competent men, who can Second Lieut. Melville Shinn Jarvis. Fourth Infantry, tCI be first go and examine this vessel and determine whether the contract lieutenant, December 1G, 1897, vice Baxter, Fifth Infantry, ap has been complied with or not. Under those circumstances why pointed assistant quartermaster, who resigns his line commission. expend any money in addition to the salaries of the experts and I Second Lieut. John William Heavey, Fifth Infantry, to be first 476 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY10, lieutenant, December 16, 1897, vice Emery, Eleventh Infantry, William W. Arnold, to be postmaster at Fulton, in the county promoted. of Callaway and State of Missouri~ in the place of William V. Berry, POSTMASTERS. whose commission expired December 21, 1897. McCord L. Coleman, to be postmaster at Aurora, in the county Herman Jacoby, to be postmaster at San Pedro, in the county of Lawrence and State of Missouri, in the place of Luther C. of Los Angeles and State of California, ~n the place of James H. Adams, 1·esigned. Dodson, whose commission exph·ed September 28, 1897. William E. Crow, to be postmaster at Desoto, in the county of T. A. Nelson, to be postmaster at Stockton, in the county of Jefferson and State of Missouri, in the place of William G. Goff, San Joaquin and State of California, in the place of Eli E. Thrift, resigned. • removed. Samuel H. Elkins, to be postmaster at Columbia, in the county E. E. Eversole, to be postmaster at :Monte Vista, in the county of Boone and State of Missouri, in the place of R. J. Bouchelle, of Rio Grande and State of Colorado, in the place of James W. whose commission expired December 20, 1897. Nelson, whose commission expired September 28, 1897. William H. Garanfio, to be postmaster at New Madrid, in the Mary B. G. Bullard, to be postmaster at Guilford, in the county county of New Madrid and State of Missouri, in the place of W es of New Ha-v.en and State of Connecticut, in the place of Mary B. ton Dawson, removed. Griswold, who changed her name by marriage. John W. Smith, to be postmaster a.t Thayer, in the county of L. C. Brown, to be postmaster at Wheaton, in the county of Oregon and State of• Missouri, in the place of Harris N. Powell, Dupage and State of Illinois, in the place of L. L. Stark, removed. resigned. ALson H. Keeler, to be postmaster at Belvidere, in the county of Charles Strobach, to be postmaster at Rolla, in the county of Boone and State of illinois, in the place of C. N. Smith, whose Phelps and State of Missouri, in the place of Ewing Y. Mitchell, commission expired January 3, 1898. whose commission expired October 4, 1897. T. W. Price, to be postmaster at Astoria, in the county of Fulton Andrew J. Anderson, to be postmaster at Neligh, in the county and State of Illinois, in the place of S. R. D. Palmer, removed. of Antelope and State of Nebraska, in the place of George W. Samuel B. Brillhart, to be postmaster at Kendallville, in the Mye:rs, whose commission expired October 20, 1897. · county of Noble and State of Indiana, in the place of Jeremiah Henry C. Booker, to be postmaster at Gothenburg, in the county Foley, whose commission expires February 7, 1898. of Dawson and State of Nebraska, in the place of J. R. Holcombe, LuciusP.Chapin, tobepostmasteratGreencastle,in thecountyof remov-ed. Putnam and State of Indiana, in the place of Willis G. Neff, whose Percy A. Brundage, to be postmaster at Tecumseh, in the county commission expjres February 7, 1898. of Johnson and StateofNebraska,in the place of HughL.Cooper, Enoch D. Moffett, to be postmaster at Hartford City, in Ute county whose commission expired December 12, 1897. of Blackford and State of Indiana, in the place of James B. Chap Alexander Graham, to be postmaster at Beatrice, in the county man, whose commission expired December 19,1897. of Gage and State of Nebraska, in the place of George P. Marvin, Frank I. Safrit, to be postmaster at Washington, in the county whose commission expired December 11, 1.897. of Daviess and State of Indiana, in the place of John W. McCarty, Charles V. Hay, to be postmaster at Weeping Water, in the whose commission expires February 5, 1898. county of Cass and State of Nebraska, in the place of Isaac F. William E. Ward, to be postmaster at Ridgeville, in the county Travis, whose commission expired December 12, 1897. of Randolph and State of Indiana, in the place of Joseph E. Car Leander Jewett, to be postmaster at Brokenbow, in the county rier, removed. of Custer and State of Nebraska, in the place of James G. Leming, William H. Letts, to be postmaster at Columbus Junction, in removed. the county of Louisa and State of Iowa, in the place of 0. I. WmiamA. McCool, tobepostmaster atindianola, in the county Jamison, whose commission expired December 19, 1897. of Redwillow and State of Nebraska, in the place of Joseph V. Melville Sheridan, to be postmaster at Osceola, in the county of Harrison, removed. Clarke and State of Iowa, in the place of John H. Sherman, whose Richard C. Perkins, to be postmaster at St. Paul, in the county commission exuired December 14, 1897. of Howard and State of Nebraska, in the place of Rogers Scribner, A. B. Powell-, to be postmaster at Coffeyville, in the county of whose commission expired September 7, 1897. Montgomery and State of Kansas, in the place of Charles A. Wells, Jasper L. Rewey, to be postmaster at Wisner, in the county of removed. Cuming and State of Nebraska, iu the place of Charles Richard John F. Jones; to be postmaster at Catletteburg, in the county son, removed. of Boyd and State of Kentucky, in the place of J. J. Montague, Griffith J. Thomas, to be postmaster at Harvard, in the county whose commission exph·ed September 19,1897. of Clay and State of Nebraska, in the place of George A. Herzog, Thomas Mason, to be postmaster at Ludlow, in the county of whose commission expired December 21, 1897. Kenton and State of Kentucky, in the place of Abner V. C. Grant, Leopold Steiner, to be postmaster at Austin, in the county of removed. Lander and State of Nevada, the appointment of a postmaster for Alexander Smith, to be postmaster at Baton Rouge, in the par the said office having, by law, become vested in the President on ish of East Baton Rouge and State of Louisiana, in the place of and after October 1, 1896. Joseph E. Blouin, whose commission exph·ed September 23, 1897. Thomas A. Adams, to be postmaster at Gorham, in the county Walter E. Clark, to be postmaster at Waldoboro, in the county of Coos and State of New Hampshire, in the place of Frederick of Lincoln and State of Maine, in the place of Jesse K. Willett, Ingalls, resigned. whose commission expires January 30, 1898. James S. Butler, to be postmaster at Hillsboro Bridge, in the John A. Horner, to be postmaster at Emmitsbm·g, in the county county of Hillsboro and State of New Hampshire, in the place of of Frederick and State of Maryland, in the place of James B. Frank M. Parker, whose commission expired January 8, 1898. Elder, whose commission exph·ed December 12, 1897. Eri Oakes, to be postmaster at Lisbon, in the county of Grafton Ja.mes A. Eldridge, to be postmaster at Williamstown, in the and State of New Hampshire, in the pla.ce of Jenifer Moulton, county of Berkshire and State of Massachusetts, in the place of whose commission eXpires January 17, 1898. Bushnell Danforth, resigned. ]forrest W. Peavey, to be postmaster atWolfboro, in the county Myron H. French, to be postmaster at West Branch, in the of Carroll and State of New Hampshire, in the place of Frank P. county of Ogemaw and State of Michigan, in the place of Reuel Hobbs, whose commission expired January 8, 1898. H. Cooper, whose commission expired December 12, 1897. David M. Anderson, to be postmaster at Gloucester City, in the Edwin D. Holmes, to be postmaster at DetroitCity, in the county county of Camden and State of New Jersey, in the place of Charles of Becker and State of Minnesota, in the place of Casper Wack C. Collings, whose commission exph·ed December 14, 1897. man, resigned. William V. Burhans, to be postmaster at Saugerties, in the Eugene M. Harkins, to be postmaster at Sherburne, in the county of Ulster and Stato of New York, in the place of Edmund county of ·Martin and State of Minnesota, the appointment of a M. Wilbur, whose commission expired October 20, 1897. postmaster for the said office having, by law, become vested in Clark E. Churchill, to be postmaster at Arcade, in the county the President on and after January 1, 1898. of Wyoming and State of New York, in the place of Hiram Steele, Laurence O'Brien, to be postmaster at Preston, in the county of removed. Fillmore and State of Minnesota, in the place of Myers C. Shook, Clara Doughty, to be postmaster at Garden City, in the county whose commission expired December 19, 1897. of Queens and State of New York, the appointment of a post Wilbur W. Washburn, to be postmaster at Spring Valley, in the master for the said office having, by law, become vested in the county of Fillmore and State of Minnesota, in the pla.ce of Stephen President on and after January 1, 1898. 1\I. Wilder, whose commission expired December 1!), 1897. Henry A. France, to be postmaster at Far Rockaway, in the W. A. Jewell, to be postmaster at Greenville, in the county of county of Queens and State of New York, in the place of Andrew Washington and State of Mississippi, in the place of Lizzie G. McTigue, whose commission expires January 29, 1898. Hunt, whose commission expired December 11, 1897. Albert Humm, to be postmaster at College Point, in the county Aaron M. Storer, to be postmaster at Kosciusko, in the county of Queens and State of New York, in the pla.ce of Nicholas Couzet, of Attala and State of Mississippi, in the place of Hettie J. Foose, jr., whose commis..oion expires January 29, 1898. whose commission expires January 12, 1898. Albert H. Lapham, to be postmaste1· at East Aurora, in the 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. ·477 county of Erie and State of New York, in the place of H. C. Sar county of Cumberland and State of Pennsylvania., in the place of gent, removed. Calvin Clendenin, whose commission expired December 20, 1897. Charles H. Putnam, to be postmaster at Deposit, in the county Frank J. Cory, to ba postmaster at Watertown, in the county of of Broome and State of New York, in the place of Charles T. Al Codington and State of South Dakota, in the place of E. H. Ulrich, verson, whose commission expires January 29, 1898. resigned. James Ross, to be postmaster at New Rochelle, in the county of Jerome T. Smith, to be postmaster at Scotland, in the county Westchester and State of New York, in the place of W. V.Mol of Bonhom.me and State of South Dakota, in the place of Albertis loy, resigned. E. Parment-er, whose commission expired January 9, 1898. Melvin J. Stearns, to be postmaster at Massena, in the county John A. Stanley, to be postmaster at Hot Springs, in the county of St. Lawrence and St.ate of New York, the appointment of a of Fall River and Stab of South Dakota, in the place of Edwin S. postmaster for the said office having, bylaw, become vested in the Ames, removed. President on and after January 1, 1898. W . S. McCauley, to be postmaster at Sweetwater, in the county George R. Vail, to be postmaster at Chester, in the county of of Monroe and State of Tennessee, in the place of D. L. Smith, Orange and State of New York, in the place of John J. Hallahan, whose commission ex-pired December 19, 1897. whose commission expires January 31, 1898. Giles Rives, to be postmaster at Brownsville, in the county of Frank C. Wilcox, to be postmaster at Painted Post, in the county Haywood and State of Tennessee, in the place of E. H. Taylor, of Steuben and State of New York, the appointment of a postmas whose commission expired January 3, 1898. ter for the said office having, by law, become vested in the Presi James P. Madsen, to be postmaster at Manti, in the county of dent on and after January 1, 1898. Sanpete and State of Utah, the appointment of a postmaster for M.P. Brewer, to be postmaster at Bowling Green, in the county the said office having, by law, become vested in the President on of Wood and State of Ohio, in the place of John H. Crane, whose and after January 1, 1898. commission expired December 12, 1897. T. Hull Page, to be postmaster at Hydepark, in the county of George E. Cam1ing, to be postmaster- at Mount Vernon, in the Lamoille and State of Vermont, in the place of Henry :M:. Noyes, county of Knox and State of Ohio, in the place of Charles E. whose commission expired December 19, 1897. Critchfield, whose commission expired January 9, 1898. Ervin H. Thorp, to be postmaster at Middlebury, in the county Oliver M. Greenbank, to ba postmaster at Woodsfield, in the of .Addison and State of Vermont, in place of Joseph M. Burke, county of Monroe and State of Ohio, the appointment of a post whose commission expired December 21, 1897. master for the said office having, by law, become vested in the John B. Kimberly, to be postmaster at Fortress Monroe, in the President on and after January 1, 1898. county of Elizabeth City and State of Virginia, in the place of Philip H. Lybrook, to be postmaster at Winston, in the county George Booker, removed. of Forsyth and State of North Carolina, in the place of Edgar H. George W. Parker, to be postmaster at Smithfield, in the county Wilson, whose commission expired December 21, 1897. of Isle of Wight and State of Virginia, in the place of Emmett M. Joseph D. Martin, to ba postmaster at Tarboro, in the county of Morrison, whose commission expires January 12, 1898. Edgecombe and State of North Carolina, in the place of Elijah W. A. E. Montgomery, to be postmaster at Montgomery, in the Rawls, whose commission expires January 12, 1898. county of Fayette and State of West Virginia, in the place of William P. Ormsby, to be postmaster at Salem, in the county Willis M. Dent, removed. of Forsyth and State of North Carolina, in the place of Robert W. Albert E. Fontaine, to be postmaster at Grand Rapids, in the Belo, whose commission expired December 21, 1897. county of Wood and State of Wisconsin, in the place of E. B. Onesimus P. Shaffer, to be postmaster at Youngstown, in the Brundage, whose commission expired December 21, 1897. county of Mahoning and State of Ohio, in the place of George B. Frank M. Givens, to be postmaster at Fond du Lac, in the Snyder, whose commission expired December 19, 1897. county of Fond du Lac and State of Wisconsin, in the place of John W. Steele, to be postmaster at Oberlin, in the county of Samuel M. Smead, whose commission expires January 12, 1898. Lorain and State ~f Ohio, in the place of Flavius A. Hart, whose George Graham, to be postmaster at Tomah, in the county of commission expired January 9, 1898. Monroe and State of Wisconsin, in the place of Gustav A. Atteu JohnS. Badger, to be postmaster at Pawnee, in the county of berg, whose commission expired December 12, 1897. Pawnee and "Territory of Oklahoma, in the place of Mary J. George J. Kispert, to be postmaster at Jefferson, in the county Jacobs, removed. of Jefferson and State of Wisconsin, in the place of John 0. Per Richard E. Jenness, to be postmaster at Chandler, in the county kins, whose commission expired December 20, 1897. of Lincoln and Territory of Oklahoma, the appointment of a post Stephen Manning, to be postmaster at Columbus, in the county master for the said office having, by law, become vest-ed in the of Columbia nnd State of Wisconsin, in the place of John Toppe, President on and after January 1, 1898. whose commission expires January 12, 1898. George Engle, to be postmaster at Ashla.nd, in the county of Joseph J. Schultz, to be postmaster at Kewaunee, in the county Jackson and State of Oregon, in the place of William H. Brunk, of Kewaunee and State of Wi"iconsin, in the place of John H. whose commission expired December :d1.1897. Rooney, whose commission expired December 12, 1897. George W. Best, to be postmaster at East Brady, in the cmmty E. R. Stillman, to be postmaster at Milwaukee, in the county of of Clarion and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of James W. Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, in the place of George W. Bennett, removed. Porth, whose commission expired December 12, 1897. Louis Biltz, to be postmaster at Girardville, in the county of Albert S. Dickinson, to b3 postmaster at Waitsburg, in the Schuylkill and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of P. J. Bir county of Wallawalla and State of Washington, the appointment mingham, whose commission expired December 12, 1897. of a postmaster for the said office having, by law, become vested Clark Collins, to be postmaster at Connellsville, in the county in the President on and after January 1, 1898. of Fayette and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of Harry George W. Temple, to be postmaster at Spokane, in the county Marietta, removed. of Spokane and State of Washing'"IJOn, in the place of Howard T. Henry Davis, to ba postmaster at Catasauqua, in the county of Mallon: removed. Lehigh and State of Pennsylvani..1:, in the place of Jonas F. Moyer, whose commission expires January 12, 1898. CONFIRMATIONS. Jonathan C. Gallup, to be postmaster at Smethport, in the county of :McKean and St.o:tte of Pennsylvania, in the place of Executive nmninations confirmed b-y the Senate January 10, 1898, W. P. Walsh, whose commission expires January 12, 1898. SECRETARY OF LEGATION. Daniel S. Knox, to be postmaster at Tionesta, in the county of Herbert G. Squiers, of New York, to be secretary of the lega Forest and State of Pennsylvania, the appointment of a postmast-er tion of the United States at Peking, China. for thE' said office having, by law, become vested in the President 001\""SUL-GENERAL. on and after January 1, 1898. James G. Stowe, of Missouri. to be consul-general of the United B. R. Linder~ to be postmaster at Orwigsburg, in the county of Schuylkill and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of George A. States at Cape Town, Cape of Good Hope. Rehr, whose commission e.A--pired September 0, 1897. CO:NSULS. Christian J. Reiff, to be -postmaster at Manheim, in the county William H. H. Graham, of Indiana, to be consul of the United of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of Benjamin States at Winnipeg, Manitoba. K. Donovan, whose commission expired December 14, 1897. Charles W. Erdman, of Kentucky, now consul at Fiirth, Bava· John R. Roberts, to be postmaster at Slatington, in the county ria, to be consul of the United States at Breslau, Germany. of Lehigh and State of Pennsylvania, in place of Sarah A. Bach- John H. Grout, jr., of Mas.::acbusetts, to ba consul of the United man, removed. . States at Malta. Henry Thorpe, to be postmaster at Greenville, in the county of Edmond Z. Brodowski, of illinois, now consul at Breslau, Ger Mercer and State of Pennsylvania, in the place of Orson A. Carlin, many, to be consul of the United States at FUrth, Bavaria. whose commission expired December 14, 1897. Neal McMillan, of Michigan, to be consul of the United States .Tohn S. Weaver, to be postmaster at Mechanicsburg, in the at Port Sarnia, Ontario. 478 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 10,

E. Theophilus Liefeld, of Connecticut, to be consul of the United George A. Smith, of Utah, to be receiver of public moneys at States at Freiburg, Baden. S.3.lt Lake City, Utah. CIDEF JUSTICE COURT PRIVATE LAND CLAIMS. George W. Warner, of Fort Morgan, Colo., to be receiver of public moneys at Akron, Colo. Joseph R. Reed, of Iowa, to be chief justice of the Court of Pri Henry G. McCrossen, of Wausau, Wis., to be receiver of publio vate Land Claims. moneys at Wausau, Wis. ASSOCIATE JUSTICES COURT PRIVATE LAND CLAIMS. Edward F. Hobart, of Hobart, N.Mex., to 1Je receiver of publio William W. Murray, of Tennessee, to be associate justice of the moneys at Santa Fe, N. Mex. Court of Private L and Claims. George B. Rogers, of Blackfoot, Idaho, to be receiver of publio Thomas C. Fuller, of North Carolina, to be associate justice of moneys at Blackfoot, Idaho. the Court of Private Land Claims. Rudolph B. Welch, of Topeka, Kans., to be receiver of publio Henry C. Sluss, of Kansas, to be associate justice of the Court moneys at Topeka, Kans. of Private Land Claims. Albert W. Thompson, of Clayton, N.Mex., to be receiver of Wilbur F. Stone, of Colorado, to be associate justice of the public moneys at Clayton, N.Mex. Court of Private Land Claims. Stephen J. Loughran, of Des Moines, Iowa, to be receiver of public moneys at Des Moines, Iowa. REGISTERS OF LAND OFFICE. George M. Laing, of Windom, Minn., to be receiver of publio James Hill, of Jackson, Miss., to be register of the iand office at moneys at Marshall, ::1\Iinn. Jackson , Miss. Alvah Eastman, of St. Cloud, Minn., to be receiver of public John I. Worthington, of Green Forest, Ark., to be register of moneys at St. Cloud, Minn. · the land office at Harrison, Ark. Nels Auley, of Phillips, Wis., to be receiver of public moneys Robert Barber, of Birmingham, Ala., to be register of the land at Ashland, Wis. office at Montgomery, Ala. John E. Bush, of Litt1'e Rock, Ark., to be receiver of publio Joseph Donahue, of Fort Pierre, S.Dak., to be register of the moneys at Little Rock, Ark. land office at Pierre, S. Dak. Frank A. Brown, of Aberdeen, S.Dak., to be receiver of publio James A. Layton, of Grand Junction, Colo., to be register of the moneys at Aberdeen, S. Dak. land office at Montrose, Colo. Thomas C. Burns, of Mitchell, S.Dak., to be receiver of publio Charle:.; D. Ford, of Monument, Colo., to be register of the land moneys at Mitchell, S.Dak. office at Denver, Colo. J. H. Battenfield, of Russellville, Ark., to be register of the COLLECTORS OF CUSTOMS. land office at Dardanelle, Ark. Thomas 0. Thompson, of Connecticut, to be collector of cus John W. Dudley, of Washington, D. C., to be register of the toms for the district of New London, in the State of Connecticut. land office at Sitka, Alaska. Frank J. Naramore, of Connecticut, to be collector of customs Edward W. Bartlet~, of Lagrande, Oreg., to be register of the for the district of Fairfield, in the State of Connecticut. land office at Lagrande, Oreg. Olin Merrill, of Vermont, to be collector of customs for the dis Charles B. Moores, of Salem, Oreg., to be register of the land trict of Vermont. office at Oregon City, Oreg. Zophar M. Mansur, of Vermont, to be collector of customs for Isaac T. Purcell, of Grainfield, Kans., to be register of the land the district of Memphremagog, in the State of Vermont. office at Wakeeney, Kans. Charles H. Maris, of Texas, to be collector of customs for the dis Lorenzo R. Thomas, of Rexburg, Idaho, to be register of the trict of Brazos de Santiago, in the State of Texas. land office at Blackfoot, Idaho. MARSHALS. David H. Budlong, of Coour d'Alene, Idaho, to be register of the land office at Coour d'Alene. Idaho. William Edgar Sterne. of Kansas, to be marshal of the United Manuel R. Otero, of Albuquerque, N.Mex., to be register of the States for the district of Kansas. • land office at Santa Fe, N.Mex. Leo E. Bennett, of Indian Territory, to be marshal of the United Howard Leland, of Albuquerque, N. ::1\Iex., to be register of the States for the northern district of the Indian Territory. land office at Roswell, N.Mex. · John Cannon Short, of Delaware, to be marshal of the United Thomas Scadden, of Crystal Falls, Mich., to be register of the States for the district of Delaware. land office at Marquette, Mich. Henry C. Dockery, of North Carolina, to be marshal of the United Seymore S. Price, of Oklahoma, Okla., to be register of the land States for the eastern district of North Carolina. office at Oklahoma, Okla. George Louis Siebricht, of Texas, to be marshal of the United Emory D. Brownlee, of Enid, Okla., to be register of the land States for the western district of Texas. office at Kingfisher, Okla. Frederick C. Leonard, of Pennsylvania, to be marshal of the Thoma-s E. Olsgard, of Minot, N. Dak., to be register of the land United States for the western district of Pennsylvania. office at Minot, N.Dak. UNITED STATES ATTORNEYS. August Doenitz. of Ashland, Wis., to be register of the land office at Ashland, Wis. Isaac W. Dyer, of Maine, to be attorney of the United States Edgar T. Wheelock, of Wausau, Wis., to be register of the land for the district of Maine. office at Wausau, Wis. James L. Martin, of Vermont, to be attorney of the United J ame3 B. Cullison, of Enid, Okla., to be register of the land States for the distlict of Vermont. office at Enid, Okla. ASSISTANT SOLICITOR OF THE TREASURY. George E. F oster, of Alexandria, S. Dak., to be register of the Felix A. Reeve, of Tennessee, to be Assistant Solicitor of the land office at Mitchell, S.Dak. Treasury. Charles A. Blake, of Vl essington, S. Dak., to be register of the SURVEYOR-GENERAL OF FLORIDA. land office at Huron, S.Dak. Edward W. Fox, of mayton, N.Mex., to be register of the land Richard L. Scarlett, of Orange Hill, Fla., to be surveyor-general office at Clayton. N.Mex. of Florida. Jacob B. Friedheim, of Camden, Ark., to be register of the land JUDGE OF POLICE COURT. office at Camden, Ark. Charles F. Scott, of the District of Columbia, to be judge of the William G. Whipple, of Little Rock, Ark., to be register of the police court of the District of Columbia. land office a.t Little Rock, Ark. J ohnS. Vetter, of Aberdeen, S.Dak., to be register of the land DISTRICT JUDGE. office at Aberdeen, S. Dak. Hosea Townsend, of Colorado, to be judge of tJie United States court of southern district of the Indian Territory. RECEIVERS OF PUBLIC MONEYS. TERRITORIAL ASSOCIATE JUSTICES, William R. Akers, of Gering, Nebr., to be receiver of public moneys at Alliance, Nebr. Frank W. Parker, of the Territory of New Mexico, to be asso Robley D. Harris, of Arlington, Nebr., to be receiver of public ciate justice of the supreme court of the Territory of New Mexico. moneys at Sidney, Nebr. Jonathan W. Crumpacker, of Indiana, to be associate justice John G. Chitwood, of Prairie View, Ark., to be receiver of pub- of the supreme court of the Territory of New Mexico. lic moneys at Dardanelle, Ark. · SURVEYOR-GENERAL. George E. :Matthews, of Eva, Miss., to be receiver of public Frank A. Morris, of Tripp, S. Dak., to be surveyor-general of moneys at Jackson, Miss. South Dakota. John C. Leftwich, of Montgomery, Ala., to be receiver of public moneys at Montgomery, Ala. DISTRICT JUDGE, Roswell Shelley, of Portland, Oreg., to be receiver of public Francis C. Lowell, of Massachusetts, to be United States district moneys at Sitka, Alaska. judge for the district of Massachusetts. . 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 479

ASSIS!I'ANT APPRAISER OF MERCHANDISE. Benjamin M. Chiswell, of .Maryland, to be a second lieutenant. Thomas C. Wordin, of Connecticut, to be assistant appraiser of Harry G. Hamlet, of Massachusetts, to be a second lieutenant. merchandise in the district of New York, in the State of New George H. Mann, of Michigan, to be a thil·d lieutenant. York. Albert H. Buhner, of California, to be a third lieutenant. COLLECTOR OF CUSTOMS. MARSHALS. John Quincy Adams, of Michigan, to be collector of customs for Canada H. Thompson, of Oklahoma Territory, to be marshal of the district of Superior, in the State of Michigan. the United States for the Territory of Oklahoma. SURVEYORS-GENERAL. Glen Miller, of Utah, to be marshal of the United States for the district of Utah. Joseph Perrault, of Boise, Idaho, to be surveyor-general of Ed ward G. Kennedy, of South Dakota, to be marshal of the Idaho. · United States for the district of South Dakota. Jacob B. Blair, of Salt Lake City, Utah, to be surveyor.:general Zoeth Houser, of Oregon, to be marshal of the United States for of Utah. the district of Oregon. _ William L. Distin, of Quincy, lll., to be surveyor-general of John S. Hammer, of Indian Territory, to be marshal of the Alaska. United States for the southern district of the Indian Territory. SURVEYORS OF CUSTOMS. Frederick W. Collins, of Mississippi, to be marshalof the United Charles H. Morrill, of Nebraska, to be surveyor of customs for States for the southern district of Mississippi. the port of Lincoln, in the State of Nebraska. Silas C. Croft, of New York. to be surveyor of customs in the POSTMASTERS. district of New York, in the State of New York. Eugene Stark, to be postmaster at Virginia City, in the county of Madison and State of Montana. APPRAISER OF MERCHANDISE. Onesimus P. Shaffer, to be postmaster at Youngstown, in the Owen Summers, of Oregon, to be appraiser of merchandise in county of Mahoning and State of Ohio. the district of Willamette, in the State of Oregon. Thomas J. 'Pollard, to be postmaster at Glendive, in the county REGISTER OF THE TREASURY. of Dawson and State of Mont.ana. Blanche K. Bruce, of the District of Columbia, to be Register Wynne H. Roberts, to be postmaster at Hamilton, in the county of the Treasury. · ' of Ravalli and State of 1\Ionta.na. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE. Alfred J. Stephens, to be postmaster at Lewistown, in the county of Fergus and State of Montana. . Oliver P. Johnson, of the District of Columbia, to be a justice Carlos G. Wilson, to be postmaster at Milledgeville, in the of the peace in the District of Columbia (assigned to the city of county of Baldwin and State of Georgia. Wash~ton). Maurice Deering, jr., to be postmaster at Marysville, in the ASSAYER OF THE MINT. county of Lewis and Clarke and State of Montana. James L. Hodges, of Colorado, to be assayer in charge of the Perley N. Bernard, to be postmaster at Kalispell, in the county mint of the United States at Denver, Colo. of Flathead and State of Montana. APPRAISERS OF MERCHANDISE. Walter Akerman, to be postmaster at Cartersville, in the county James H. &:One, of Michigan, to be appraiser of merchandise in of Bartow and State of Georgia. the district of Detroit, in the State of .l\[ichigan. William H . Smyth, to be postmaster at Atlanta, in the county of John T. Dare, of California, to be appraiser of merchandise in Fulton and State of Georgia. the district of San Francisco, in the State of California. William B. Burket, to be postmaster at Bozeman, in the county of Gallatin ~md State of Montana. COLLEdTOR OF CUSTOMS. Harry A. Marsh, to be postmaster at Upper Alton, in the county Anlli·ew W. Francisco, of California, to be collector of customs of Madison and State of Illinois. for the district of Los Angeles, in the State of California. Harry D. Hemmens, to be postmaster at Elgin, in the county of UNITED STATES ATTORNEYS. Kane and State of lllinois. Mack A. Montgomery, of Mississippi, to be attorney of the L. D. Hartwell, to be postmaster at Marion, in the county of United States for the northern district of Mississippi. Williamson and State of Illinois. Albert M. Lea, of Mississippi, to be attorney of the United States Andrew E. Sheldon. to ba postmaster at Pa:fton, in the county for the southern district of Mississippi. of Ford and State of Illinois. Alfred E. Holton, of North Carolina, to be attorney of the H. P. Nichols, to be postmaster at Maywood, in the county of United States for the western district of North Carolina. Cook and State of Illinois. Daniel B. Heiner, of Pennsylvania, to be att01ney of the United Robert W. McKnight, to be postmaster at Girard, in the county States for the western district of Pennsylvania. of :llacoupin and State of Illinois. John H. Hall, of Oregon, to be attorney of the United States for Horace L . Cushing, to be postmaster at Assumption, in the the district of Oregon. county of Christian and State of Illinois. Joseph N. Stripling, of Florida, to be attorney of the United Walter Colyer, to be postmaster at Albion, in the county of States for the southern district of Florida. Edwards and State of lllinois. Lewis Miles, of Iowa, to be attorney of the United States for John Culbertson, to be postmaster at Sumner, in the county of the southern district of Iowa. Lawrence and State of lllinois. Robert V. Cozier, of Idaho, to be attorney of the United States Francis A. Freer, to ba postmaster at Galesburg, in the county for the district of Idaho. of Knox and State of Illinois. Charles A. Wilson, of Rhode Island, to be attorney of the United Russell W . Folts, to be postmaster at Atlanta, in the county of States for the district of Rhode Island. Logan and State of Illinois. John H. Wilkins, of Indian Territory, to be attorney of the Milton A. Ewing, to be postmaster at Neoga, in the county of United States for the central distl:ict of the Indian Territory. Cnmberland and State of lllinois. Sardis Summerfield, of Nevada, to be attorney of the United Andrew Challman, to be postmaster at Batavia, in the county States for the district of Nevada. of Kane and State of Illinois. Peleg A. Coal, to be postmaster at Gibson City, in the county of PROMOTIONS IN THE NAVY. Ford and State of Illinois. Assistant Naval Constructors Robert Stocker, Frank W. Hibbs, William T. Gossett, to be postmaster at Roseville, in the county and E tliot Snow, to be naval constructors. of Warren and State of Illinois. Passed Asst. Surg. Franc~s W. F. Wieber, to be a surgeon. William. F . Calhoun , to be postmaster atDecatm·, in the county Paymaster George H. Griffing, to b e a pay inspector. of J.\Iacon and State of Illinois. John H. Creager, to ba postmaster at West Chicago, in the PROliOTIONR IN THE MARINE-HOSPITAL SERVICE. county of Dupa.ge and State of Illinois. Passed Asst. Surg. Parker C. Kalloch, of Pennsylvania, to be a James F. Crawford, to be postmaster at Warsaw, in the county surgeon in the Marine-Hospital Service of the United States. of Hancock and State of Illinois. Ra.lph F. Bradford, to be postmaster at Pontiac, in the county APPOINTMENTS L"l" THE REVENUE-CUTTER SERVICE. of Livingston and State of Illinois. William C. Myers, of Tennessee, to be a first assistant engineer. Allen '.r. Barnes, to be po3tmaster at Bloomington, in the county H:1ny L. Taylor, of Maryland, to be a first assistant engineer. of McLean and State of Illinois. Frederick C. Billard, of Maryland, to be a second lieutenant. Starr H . Beatty, to be postmaster at Delavan, in the county of Eben Barker, of Massachusetts, to be a third lieutenant. Tazewell and State of Illinois. Ernest E. Mead, of Massachusetts, to be a third lieutenant. Hugh Bennett, to be postmaster at Coal City, in the county of Charles Satterlee, of Connecticut, to be a third lieutenant. Grundy and State of Illinois. Bernard H. Camden, of \Vest Virginia, to be a second lieutenant. S[\muel L. Bennett, to be postmaster at Robinson, in the county Cllarles W. Cairnes, of :Maryland, to be a third lieutenant. of Crawford and State of Illinois. 480 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. J.ANU.ARY 10,

Sylvester A. Ballou, to bepostmasteratNaperville, in the county Henry B. Hildreth, to be postmaster at Townsend, in the county of Dupage and State of illinois. of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts. . James E. Gregory, to be postmaster at Moweaqua, in the county William I. Marble, to be postmaster at Webster, in the county of Shelby and State of illinois. · of Worcester and State of Massachusetts. · Cad Allard, to be postmaster at Beardstown, in the county of William Harvey Merrill, to be postmaster at Salem, in the Cass and State of illinois. county of Essex and State of Massachusetts. ' Lucian Bullard, to be postmaster at Forrest, in the county of William E. Dunbar, to be postmaster at Taunton; in the county Livingston and State of Illinois. of Bristol and State of Massachusetts. Harrison P. Huntsinger, to be postmaster at Pinckneyville, in John F. Freese, to be postmaster at East Walpole, in the county the county of Perry and State of illinois. of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts. Clarence E. Holt, to be postmaster at Hospital, in the county of Henry A. Hutchinson, to be postmaster at Walnut Hill, in the Kankakee and State of illinois. county of Norfolk and State of :Ma.ssachusetts. William Graue, to be postmaster at Elmhurst, in the county of Arthur Bliss, to be postmaster at Andover, in the county of Dupage and State of illinois. Essex and State of Massachusetts. Freeman A. High, to be postmaster at Havana, in the county of Robert A. Beckwith, to be postmaster at Southbridge, in the Mason and State of Illinois. county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts. William W. Hogue, to be postmaster at Marshall, in the county Frank P . Clark, to be postmaster at Ware, in the county of of Clark and State of illinois. Hampshire and State of Massachusetts. William H. Hainline, to be postmaster at Macomb, in the county ·Nelson H. Norman, to be postmaster at Wynne Wood, Chicka of McDonough and State of illinois. saw Nation, Ind T. William H. Lathrop, to be postmaster at Newton, in the county Walter N. Beal, to be postmaster at Rockland, in the county of of Jasper and Sta te of Illinois. :Plymouth and State of Massachusetts. Christian A. Kuhl, to be postmaster at Pekin, in the county of George F . Bourne, to be postmaster at Lenox, in the county of Tazewell and State of illinois. Berkshire and State of Ma'3sachusetts. Fred C. Kile, to be postmaster at Blue !Bland, in the county of William H . McNeal. to be postmaster at Wayne, in the county Cook and State of illinois. of Wayne and State of Nebraska. . George Riddle, to be postmaster at Le Roy, in the county of Joseph S. Paradis, to be postmaster at Alliance, in the county McLean and State of illinois. of Boxbutte and State of Nebraska. William L. Ranton, to be postmaster at Sheldon, in the county James L . Stewart, to be poatmaster at Randolph, in the county of Iroquois and Stat-e of illinois. of Cedar and State of Nebraska. George J. Price, to be postmaster at Flora, in the county of Clay George W. Jackson, to be postmaster at Fairmount, in the and State of illinois. county of Fillmore and State of Nabraska. Charles W. Ta}'lor, to be postmaster at Carthage, in the county Martin V. King, to be postmaster at Geneva, in the county of of Hancock and State of Illinois. Fillmore and State of Nebraska. GeorgeS. Roush, to be postmaster at Lena, in the county of Arthur A. Logan, to be postmaster at Creighton, in the county Stephenson an

Levi M. Copeland, to be postmaster at :Minden, in the county Aaron R. Wheeler, to be postmast-er at St. Louis, in the county of Kearney and State of Nebra.ska. of Gratiot and State of Michigan. Hugh Cramer, to be postmaster at Hailey, in the county of Melvin A. Bates, to be postmaster at Grayling, in the county of Blaine and State of Idaho. Crawford and State of Miclrigan. . Non-is L. Yarnall, to be -postmaster at Thurlow, in the county Abram Babcock, to be postmaster at Morenci, in the county of of Delaware and State of Pennsylvania. Lenawee and State of Michigan. Jacob R. Zuck, to be postmaster at Mount Pleasant, in the Thaddeus B. Bailey, to be postmaster at Manchester~ in the county of Westmoreland and State of Pennsylvania. county of Washtenaw and State of Michigan. George L. Minott, to be postmaster at West Gardner, in the Milo B. Halliwill, to be postmaster at Flushing, in the county county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts. of Genesee and State of Michigan. Samuel M. Turk, to be postmaster at Parkers Landing, in the Aaron W. Cooper, to be postmaster at Fowleryille, in the county county of Armstrong and State of Pennsylvania. of Livingston and State of Michigan. Samuel Wallace, to be postmaster at Bennett, in the county of James C. Wooster, to be postmaster at Cheboygan, in the county Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania. of Cheboygan and State of Michigan. William Day Wilson, to be postmaater at Clarion, in the county Frank P. \"Vare, to be postmaster at Brightwood, in the county of Clarion and State of Pennsylvania. of Hampden a.nd State of Massachusetts. Clayton 0. Slater·, to be postmaster at Latrobe, in the county of William H. Hutton, to he postmaster at Northville, in the county Westmoreland and State of Pennsylvania. of Wayne and State of Michigan. · George Sowa.sh, to be postmaster at Irwin, in the county of · Henry Loss, to be postmaster at Wayne, in the county of Wayne Westmoreland and State of Pennsylvania. and State of Michigan. Charles Seger, to be postmaster at Emporium, in the county George E. Work, to be postmaster at Sistersville, in the county of Cameron and State of Pennsylvania. of Tyler and State of West Virginia. James I. McKenna, to be postmaster at California, in the county George Wise, to be postmaster at Wheeling, in the county of of Washington and State of Pennsylvania. Ohio and State of West Virginia. John D. Scott, to be postmaster at Coraopolis, in the county of George K. Stratton, to be postmaster at Gardner, in the county Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania. of Worcester and State of :Massachusetts. John W. Stuart, to be postmaster at State College, in the John 0. Huey, to be postmaster at Mannington, in the county county of Center and State of Pennsylvania. of Marion and Stat-e of West Virginia. Thomas L. Hicks, to bepostmasteratPhiladelphia,in the county Alonzo E. Linch, to be postmaster at MoundsYille, in the county of Philade1phia and State of Pennsylvania. of Marshall and State of West Virginia. John C. Koch, to be postmaster at St. Marys, in the county of Stuart F. Reed, to be postmaster at Clarksburg in the county Elk and State of Pennsylvania. of Harrison and State of West Virginia. George H. 1.1:oore, to be postmaster at Verona, in the county of William A. Chapline, to be postmaster at Shepherdstown, in the Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania. county of Jefferson and State of West Virginia. George W. Heinbacll, to be postmaster at St. Clair, in the county Jacob R. GroYe, to be postmaster at Harpers Ferry, in the of Schuylkill and State of Pennsylvania. county of Jefferson and State of West Virginia. FrankE. Hollar, to bepostmasteratShippensburg, in the county James Forsyth Han'ison, to be pmtmaster at Piedmont, in the of Cumberland and State of Pennsylvania. county of Mineral and Stat-e of West Virginia. Henry T. Hall, to be postmaster at Lock Haven, in the county Joseph E. Roach, to bs postmaster at Atlanta, in the county of of Clinton and State of Pennsylvania. Cass and State of Texas. Benjamin F. Davis, to be postmaster at Freeland, in the county Edmund F. Seydler, to be postmaster at Weimar, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania. of Colorado and State of Texas. Joseph E. Euwer, to be postmaster at Natrona, in the county of Marshall Smith, to be postmaster at Brownwood, in the county Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania. of Brown and State of Texas. Daniel D. Groves, to be postmaster at Brockwayville, in the John M. Parish, to· be postmaster at Huntsville, in the county county of Jefferson and State of Pennsylvania. of Walker and State of Texas. Samuel 0. Comly, to be postmaster at Watsontown, in the Theodore Ray, to be postmaster at Midland, in the county of county of N01·thumberland and State of Pennsylvania. Midland and State of Texas. Robert B. Clayton, to be postmaster at Ashland, in the county Harry W. Rankin, to be postmaster at Hempstead, in the county of Schuylkill and State of PennsylYania. of Waller and State of Texas. Henry J. Van Dusen, to be po3tlnaster at Hastings, in the Jacob Mayfield, to be postmaster at Whitesboro, in the county county of Cambria and State of Pennsylvania. of Gravson and State of Texas. James Bickerton, to be postmaster at Duquesne, in the county James R. Neece, to be postmaster at Mexia, in the county of of Allegheny and State of PennsylYania. Limestone and State of Texas. Frank R. Cyphers, to be postmaster at East Pittsburg, in the Henry Palm, to be postmaster at Albany, in the county of county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania. Shackelford and State of Texas. Daniel R. C01·bus, to ba postmaster at New Brighton, in the Columbus Emanuel, to be postmaster at Jacksonville, in the county of Beaver and State o: Pennsylvania. cot_mty of Cherokee and State of Texas. Jabez A. Fe1t, to b3 postmaster at Hennessey, in the county of \'V'Hliam H. Harvey, to be postmaster at Belton, in the county Kingfisher and Territmy of Oklahoma. of Bell and State of Texas. MerYain L. Thomas, to be postmast~r at Pondcraek, in the county At.Btin 0. Spoor, to be postmaster at Winooski, in the county of of Grant and Territory of Oklahoma. Chitt~mden and State of Vermont. George W. Brown, to be postmaster at Wayne, in the county General B. Clark, t1 be postmaster at Itasca, in the county of of Delaware ap.d State of Pennsylvania. Hm and State of Texas. Louis 0. Fullen, to be postmaster at Eddy, in the county of John T.Cunningham, tobepostmasteratGraham, in the county Eddy and Territory of New Mexico. of Y om1g and State of Texas. John A. Buckles, to be postmaster at Enid, in .the county of William E. Dwyer, to be postmaster at Brenham, in the county Garfield and Territory of Oklahoma. of \Vashington and State of Texas. William C. Doug1ass, to be postmaster at Alva, in the county Jesse M . Robertson, to be postmaster at Laurens, in the county of Woods and Territory of Oklahoma. of Laul'ens and State of South Carolina. John D. Stephens, to be postmaster at Negaunee, in the county Presto:1 Rion. t0 be po:stmaster at Winnsboro, in the county of of Marquette and State of Michigan. Fairfield and Sta.te of South Carolina.. Richard M. Sampson, jr., to be postmaster at Norway, in the Harry H. Cooper, to be postmaster at Nacogdoches, in the county of Dickinson and State of :Michigan. county of Naco~d cches and State of Texas. Ma1·y J. Cun Iffe, to be postmaster at Las Cruces, in the county Henry F. HPisler, to be postmaster at St. Marys, in the county of of Donna Ana and Territory of New Mexico. Pottawatomie and Sta~e of Kau_sas. George W. Raff, to be postmaster at Traverse City, in the John W. Cass, to be postmaster at Woonso ~ket, in the county county of Grand Traverse anc1 State of Michigan. of Providence and St..

Elwin A. Howe, to be postmaster at Ludlow, in the county of Wallace K. Deem, to be postmaster at Knightstown, in the Windsor and State of Vermont. - county of Henry and State of Indiana. Joseph B. Eldredge, to be postmaster at Randolph, in the county Il:a H. Butterfield, to be postmaster at Agricultural College, in of Orange and State of Vermont. the county of Ingham and State of Michigan. Trescott A. Chase, to be postmaster at Bradford, in the county Frederick J. 1\Ieech, to be postmaster at Charlevoix, in the of Orange and State of Vermont. county of Charlevoix and State of Michigan. John P. Webster, to be postmaster at Lyndonville, in the county Samuel H. Young, to be postmaster at Rocky Ford, in the of Caledonia and State of Vermont. county of Otero and State of Colorado. Paul G. Ross, to be postmaster at Poultney, in the county of Arthur S. Coutant, to be postmaster at Mount Pleasant, in the Rutland and State of Vermont. county of Isabella and State of Michigan. Burt Merritt, to be postmaster at Brandon, in the county of Charles Brown, to be postmaster at Vicksburg, in the county of Rutland and State of Vermont. Kalamazoo and State of Michigan. Arthur T. Moor, to be postmaster at Farmington, in the county James A. Button, to be postmaster at Flint, in the county of of Franklin and State of Maine. Genesee and State of Michigan. George T. Hodgman, to be postmaster at Camden, in the county Alfred W. Smith, to be postmaste1· at AdTian, in the county of of Knox and State of Maine. Lenawee and State of Michigan. . Ellery H. Webster, to be postmaster at Barton, in the county of Francis E. Marsh, jr., to be postmaster at Quincy, in the county Orleans and State of Vermont. of Branch and State of Michigan. Frank A. Knight, to be postmaster at North Berwick, in the Freeman B. Dickerson, to be postmaster at Detroit, in the county county of York and State of Maine. of Wayne and State of Michigan. . Fred E. Littlefield, to be postmaster at Vinal Haven, in the William Webster, to be postmaster at Sault de Ste. Made, in the county of Knox and State of Maine. county of Chippewa and State of Michigan. Isaac A. Macur<1a, to be postmaster at Wiscasset, in the county Cary W. Vining, to be postmaster at Lakeview, in the county of Lincoln and State of Maine. of Montcalm and State of Michigan. Elisha E. Clark, to be postmaster at Biddeford, in the county of Faustina M. Towle, to be postmaster at Gaylord, in the county York and State of Maine. of Otsego and State of Michigan. J. Wesley Gilman, to be postmaster at Oakland, in the county Jnlius 0. Becraft, to be postmaster at Dowagiac, in the county of Kennebec and State of Maine. of Cass and State of Michigan. Edward Harding, to be postma~ter at Gorham, in the county of Orrin G. Youngquist, to be postmaster at Marquette, in the Cumberland and State of Maine. county of Marquette and State of Michigan. Ole Howard, to be postmaster at Hillsboro, in the county of Fred A. Woodruff, to be postmaster at St. Joseph, in the county Traill and State of North Dakota. of Berrion and State of Michigan. Frank M. Hume, to be postmaster at Houlton, in the county of William G. Hudson, to be postmaster at Ludington, in the Aroostook and State of Maine. county of Mason and State of Michigan. Walter D. Stinson, to be postmaster at Augusta, in the county Henry Clark, to be postmaster at South Grand Rapids, in the of Kennebec and State of Maine. county of Kent and State of Michigan. FrankS. Goddard, to be postmaster at Ellendale, in the county Charles F. Brown, to be postmaster at Alma, in the county of of Dickey and State of N mth Dakota. Gratiot and State of Michigan. Patrick McHugh, to be postmaster at Langdon, in the county of Fred E. Moffatt, to be postmaster at Stanton, in the county of Cavalier and State of North Dakota. Montcalm and State of Michigan. Clarence E. Nichols, to be postmaster at Mandan, in the county Frank L. Irwin, to be postmaster at Albion, in the county of of Morton and State of North Dakota. Calhoun and State of Michigan. George W. Anthony, to be postmaster at New Milford, in the Alfred Milnes, to be postmaster at Coldwater, in the county of county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut. Branch and State of Michigan. John F. Callahan, to be postmaster at Casselton, in the county Thomas J. Wilson, to be postmaster at Corydon, in the county of Cass and State of North Dakota. of Harrison and State of Indiana. Martin N. Chamberlin, to be postmaster at Oakes, in the county Philipp Wilhelm, to be postmaster at Seymour, in the county of of Dickey and State of North Dakota. Jackson and State of Indiana. Tudor Gowdy, to be postmaster at Thompsonville, in the county Calvin A. Palmer, to be postmaster at Manistee, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut. of Manistee and State of Michigan. Marshall Emmons, to be postmaster at East Haddam, in the Albert C. Bearss, to be postmaster at Peru, in the county of county of Middlesex and State of Connecticut. Miami and State of Indiana. Roswell S. Edgcomb, to be postmaster at Groton, in the county Wallace W. Williamson, to be postmaster at Columbia City, in of New London and State of Connecticut. the county of Whitley and State of Indiana. J. Henry Roraback, to be postmaster at Canaan, in the county DavidS. Wilber, to be postmaster at Rising Sun, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut. of Ohio and State of Indiana. William H. Marigold, to be postmaster at Bridgeport, in the James M. Hundley, to be postmaster at Summitville, in the county of ]'airfield and State of Connecticut. county of Madison and State of Indiana. Almon E. Fuller, to be postmaster at Litchfield, in the county Perry J. Freeman to be postmaster at Richmond, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut. of Wayne and State of Indiana. Hubert Williams, to be postmaster at Lakeville, in the county George E. Burbank, to be postmaster at Oakland City, in the of Litchfield and State of Connecticut. county of Gibson and State of Indiana. WilliamS. Judd, to be postmaster at New Britain, in the county Coursen J. Stright, to be postmaster at Albany, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut. of Delaware and State of Indiana. . Joseph W. Chandler, to be postmaster at Staff01·d Springs, in the Andrew Morrissey, to be postmaster at Notre Dame, in the c.0unty of Tolland and State of Connecticut. county of St. Joseph and State of Indiana. Ed win Price, to be postmaster at Grand Junction, in the county Walter S. Montgomery, to be postmaster at Greenfield, in the of Mesa and State of Colorado. county of Hancock and State of Indiana. Homer H . Grafton, to be postma ter at Manitou, in the county J. B. Woods, to be postmaster at Hammond, in the county of of El Paso and State of Colorado. Lake and State of Indiana. Mary E. Bostwick, to be postmaster at Blackhawk, in the county William C. Vance, to be postmaster at Noblesville, in the county of Gilpin and State of Colorado. of Hamilton and State of Indiana. Francis M. Tague, to be postmaster at Las Animas, in the county Charles Sullivan, to be postmaster at Garrett, in the county of of Bent and State of Colorado. Dekalb and State of Indiana. James 1\1. Simms, to be postmaster at Fort Collins, in the county WilliamS. Chase, to be postmaster at Sturgis, in the county of of Larimer and State of Colorado. Meade and State of South Dakota. Henry J. Sears, to be postmaster at Central City, in the cotmty DuncanMcA. Williams, to be postmaster at Fowler, in the county of Gilpin and State of Colorado. of Benton and State of Indiana. Frank M. Reardon, to be postmaster at Victor, in the county of Vinson V. "'\Villiams, to be postmaster at Bedford, in the county El Paso and State of Colorado. of Lawrence and State of Indiana. Roberb J. McCartney, to be postmaster at Silverton, in the FrankL. Mease, to be postmaster at Madison, in the county of county of San Juan and State of Colorado. Lake and State of South Dakota. Daniel E. Cooper, to be postmaster at Lamar, in the county of Marcellus B. Kent, to be postmaster at Elk Point, in the county Prowers and State of Colol'ado. of Union and State of South Dakota. Charles D. Parks, to be postmaster at La Junta, in the county David B. Jeffris, to be postmaster at Huron, in the county of of Otero and State of Colorado. Beadle and State of South Dakota. Anna G. Derry, to be postmaster at Ouray, in the county of Ach·jan Reynolds, to be postmaster at Sedan, in the county of Ouray and State of Colorado. Chautauqua and State of Kansas. 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 483

Frank H. Roberts, to be postmaster at Oskaloosa, in the county Thomas N. Edwards, to be postmaster at Lawrenceburg, in the of J efferson and State of Kansas. county of Anderson and State of Kentucky. John Bell, to be postmaster at Spearfish, in the county of Law James C. Florence, to be postmaster at Stanford, in the county rence and State of South Dakota. of Lincoln and State of Kentucky. John Guthrie, to be postmast-er at Topeka, in the county of James M. Cole, to be postmaster at Murray, in the county of Shawnee and State of Kansas. Calloway and State of Kentucky. Frank Harlow, to be postmaster at Kingman, in the county of James William Thomason, to be postmaster at Uniontown, in Kingman and State of Kansas. the county-of Union and State of Kentucky. J. E. Humphrey, to be postmaster at Nickerson, in the county B. F. Ginn, to be postmaster at August.a, in the county of of Reno and State of Kansas. Bracken and State of Kentucky. Horace K. Bechtel, to be postmaster at Augusta, in the county Thomas Sympson, to be postmaster at Franklin, in the county of Butler and State of Kansas. of Simpson and State of Kentucky. Russell W. Branson, to be postmaster at Cherokee, in the county William A. Banks, to be postmaster at Laporte, in the county of Crawford and State of Kansas. of Laporte and State of Indiana. John Collins, to be postmaster at Horton, in the county of Brown William J. Baird, to be postmaster at Vevay, in the county of and State of Kansas. Switzerland and State of Indiana. John H. Madden, to be postmaster at Mound City, in the county J. F. Taylor, to be postmaster at Glasgow, in the county of Bar of Linn and State of Kansas. ren and State of Kentucky. John Q. Royce, to be postmaster at Phillipsburg, in the county William H. Bonner, to be postmaster at Clinton, in the county of Phillios and State of Kansas. of Vermilion and State of Indiana. Henry-B. Van Nest, to be postmaster at Peabody, in the county Elliott E. Barnard, to be postmaster at Delphi, in the county of of Marion and State of Kansas. "" Carroll and State of Indiana. Frank R. Lanter, to be postmaster at Olathe, in the county of William L. Boyce, to be postmaster at Mount Vernon, in the Johnson and State of Kansas. county of Posey and State of-Indiana. Charles E. McNall, to be poEttmaster at Lebanon, in the county James F. Branaman, to be postmaster at Alexandria, in the of Smith and State of Kansas. county of Madison and Stataof Indiana. William F. McGill, to be postmaster at Oswego, in the county John R. Bonnell, to be postmast9r at Crawfordsville, in the of Labette and State of Kansas. county of Montgomery and State of Indiana. Harry D. Falls, to be postmaster at Brazil, in the county of Clay Charles B. Bentley, to be postmaster at Warsaw, in the county and State of Indiana. of Kosciusko and State of Indiana. • Matthew Erwin, to be postmaster at Bourbon, in the county of James L. Caldwell, to be postmaster at Lafayette, in the county Marshall and State of Indiana. of Tippecanoe and State of Indiana. David L. Elliott, to be postmaster at Warren, in the county of Milton A. Cornell, to be postmaster at Goshen, in the county of Huntington and State of Indiana. Elkhart and State of Indiana. J ames B. Johns, to be postmaster at Tipton, in the county of Scott Cole, to be postmaster at Huntington, in the county of Tipton and State of Indiana. Huntington and State of Indiana. John H. Hoffman, t;o be postmaster at Ligonier, in the county of Henry B. Whitney, to be postmaster at Phelps, in the county of Noble and State of Indiana. Ontario and State of New York. Granville H. Forkner, to be postmaster at Auburn, in the county Francis H. ·wilson, to be postmaster at Brooklyn, in the county of Dekalb and State of Indiana. of Kings and State of New York. John W. Lewis, to be postmaster at Huntingburg, in the county George F. Pyles, to be postmaster at Anacostia, in the county Of Dubois and State of Indiana. of Washington and District of Columbia. Donald McCallum, to be postmaster at Batesville, in the county John T. Robinson, to be postmaster at Elmhurst, in the county of Ripley and State of Indiana. of Queens and State of New York. Joseph 0. Lambert, to be postmaster at Middletown, in the Prine Riggs, to be postmaster at Sodus, in the county of Wayne county of Henry and State of Indiana. and State of New York. Mahlon W. Marshall, to be postmaster at Rockville, in the Samuel D. Willard, to be postmaster at Geneva, in the county county of Parke and State of Indiana. of Ontario and State of New York. William W. McColloch, to be postmaster at Monticello, in the John J. Inman, to be postmaster at Salamanca, in the county of county of White and State of Indiana. Cattaraugus and State of New York. William H. Mallory, to be postmaster at Veedersburg, in the James C. McCarty, to be postmaster at Rhinebeck, in the county county of Fountain and State of Indiana. of Dutchess and State of New York. Ernest H. Niebaum, to be postmaster at Aurora, in the county John D. Nicholson, to be postmaster at Elizabethtown, in the of Dearborn and State of Indiana. county of Essex and State of New York. Fred H. Nauer, to be postmaster at North Vernon, in the county Hollis G. De Baun, to be postmaster at Haverstraw, in the of Jennings and State of Indiana. county of Rockland and State of New York. Maurice Morris, to be postmaster at New Albany, in the county Edward C. Fisk, to be postmaster at Mayville, in the county of of Floyd and State of Indiana. Chautauqua and State of New York. Clarkson D. Overman, to be postmaster at Fairmount, in the Max Geldner, to be postmaster at New Dorp, in the county of county of Grant and State of Indiana. Richmond and State of New York. Frank Oldham, to be postmaster at Sheridan, in the county of Frederick G. Shafer, to be postmaster at Cape Vincent, in the Hamilton and State of Indiana. cotmty of Jefferson and State of New York. Elam H. Neal, to be postmaster at Jonesboro, in the county of George Ripperger, to be postmast-er at Long Island City, in the Grant and State of Indiana. county of Queens and State of New York. RobertS. Potts, to be postmaster at Thorntown, in the county John F. Wilkin, to be postmaster at Montgomery, in the county of Boone and State of Indiana. of Orange and State of New York. James D. Parvin, to be postmaster at Evansville, in tlie county Charles Hapgood, to be postmaster at Marysville, in the county of Vanderburg and State of Indiana. of Yuba and State of California. Albert S. Peacock, to be postmaster at Attica, in the county of Francis I. Gardiner, to be postmaster at Soldiers Home, in the Fountain and State of Indiana. county of Los Angeles and State of California. Adolphus C. Stephenson, to be postmaster at Worthington, in Albert P. Seaton, to be postmaster at New Hartford, in the the county of Greene and State of Indiana. county of Oneida and State of New York. Joe E. Shryer, to be postmaster at Bloomfield, in the county of Sheldon Littlefield, to be postmaster at Anaheim, in the county Greene and State of Indiana. · of Orange and State of California. · George H. Service, to be postmaster at New Carlisle, in the Allen B. Lemmon, to be postmaster at Santa Rosa, in the county county of St. Joseph and State of Indiana. of Sonoma and State of California. John D. Martin, to be postmaster at Madisonville, in the county Frank Hickman, to be postmaster at Hanford, in the county of of Hopkins and State of Kentucky. Kings and State of California. Walter W. Wills, to be postmaster at Linton, in the county of Benjamin A. Osborn, to be postmaster at Watsonville, in the Greene and State of Indiana. countv of Santa Cruz and State of California. Thomas T. Whiteker, to be postmaster at Kokomo, in the county Lee·:McLaughlin, to be postmaster at Sanger, in the county of of Howard and State of Indiana. Fresno and State of California. George l\1. Crider, to be postmaster at Marion, in the county of Robert J. Nixon, to be postmaster at Yreka, in the county of Crittenden and State of Kentucky. Siskiyou ancl State of California. Thomas F. Beadles, to be postmaster at Fulton, in the county of George Stickles, to be postmaster at Angels Camp, in the county Fulton and State of Kentucky. of Calaveras and State of California. John 1\I. Jameson, jr., to be postmaster at Millersburg, in the Austin Wiley, to be postmaster at Arcata, in the county of county of Bourbon and State of Kentucky. Humboldt and State of California. 484 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 10,

Robert Shaw, to be postmaster at Hollister, in the county of San Gideon M. Gifford, to be postmaster at Elkader, in the county Benito and State of California. of Clayton and State of Iowa. Samuel W. Metcalf, to be postmaste1· at Sisson, in the county of Samuel D. Henry, to be postmaster at Coon Rapids, in the county Siskiyou and State of California. of Carroll and State of Iowa. William N. Anderson, to be postmaster at San Rafael, in the James A. Henderson, to be postmaster at Cherokee, in the county county of Marin and State of California. of Cherokee and State of Iowa. George W. Lovie, to be postmaster at Redwood City, in the James J. Elliott, to be postmaster at Onawa, in the county of county of San Mateo and State of California. Monona and State of Iowa. Richard :M:. Ryan. to be postmaster at Gilroy, in the county of Thomas A. Ferguson, to be postmaster at Lenox, in the county Santa Clara and State of California. of Taylor and State of Iowa. Frank J. Payne, to be postmaster at Sutter Creek, in the county Thomas G. Gilson, to be postmaster at Knoxville, in the county of Amador and State of California. of Marion and State of Iowa. George B. Baer, to be postmaster at Cloverdale, in the county William G. Crow, to be postmaster of Eldon, in the county of of Sonoma and State of California. Wapello and State of Iowa. Thomas C. King, to be postmaster at Carrollton, in the county James P. Davis, to be postmaster at Bonaparte, in the county of Carroll and State of Kentucky. of Van Buren and State of Iowa. Benjamin W. Hall, to be postmaster at Mount Sterling, in the James T. Ellis, to be postmaster at Panora, in the county of county of J\{ontgomery and State of Kentucky. Guthrie and State of Iowa. Lafayette VanDusen, to be postmaster at Ukiah, in the county Phil A. Boland, to be postmaster at Lemars, in the county of of Mendocino and State of California. Plymouth and State of Iowa. William A. Waters, to be postmaster at Springfield, in the August F. Bergman, to be postmaster at Spirit Lake, in the county of Washington and State of Kentucky. county of Dickinson and State of Iowa. - Henry P. Waits, to be postmaster at Midway, in the county of John J. Clark, to be postmaster at Bedford, in the county of Woodford and State of Kentucky. Taylor and State of Iowa. Orrin A. Reynolds, to be postmaster at Covington, in the county I William F. Atkinson, to be postmaster at Laurens, in the county of Kenton and State of Kentucky. of Pocahontas and State of Iowa. Charles E. Fell, to be postmaster at-Pendleton, in the county of John Bird, to be postmaster at Parkersburg, in the county of Umatilla and State of Oregon. Butler and State of Iowa. John C. Ardrey, to be postmaster at La Grande, in the county David L. Boynton, to be postmaster at Denison, in the county' of Union and State of Oregon. of Crawford and State of Iowa. Byron 'i'. Potter, to be postmaster at Baker (,"ity, in the county Henry A. Perrin~ to be postmaster at Monroe, in the county of of Baker anrl State of Oregon. Jasper and Stat~ of Iowa. James H. Morrison, to be postmaster at Seymour, in the county Charles J. Adams, to be postmaster at Reinbeck, in the county of Wayne aud State of Iowa. of Grundy and State of Iowa. Thomas B. Megear~ to be postmaster at Smyrna, in the county Daniel M. Anderson, to be postmaster at Albia, in the county of of Kent and State of Delaware. Monroe and State of Iowa. Burtis W. Johnson, to be postmaster at Corvallis, in the county Francia M. Reeves, to be postmaster at Mena, in the county of of Benton and State of Oregon. Polk and State of Arkansas. John Ledgerwood, to be postmaster at Leon, in the county of Henry J. Muhs~ to be postmaster at Akron, in the county of Decatur .and State of Iowa. Plymouth and State of Iowa. Charles M.l\Iarshall, to be postmaster at Moulton, in the cotmty Hanno P. Newton, to be postmaster at Keota, in the county of of Appanoose and State of Iowa. Keokuk and State of Iowa. Frank H. 1\IcCabe, to be postmaster at Logan, in the county of Charles E. Slate, to be postmaster at Winchester, in the county Harrison and State of Iowa. of Cheshire and State of New Hampshire. Fred W. Browne, to be postmaster at Belle Plaine, in the county Albert Clement, to be postmaster at Antrim, in the county of of Benton and State of Iowa. · Hillsboro and State of New Hampshire. Edward P. Heizer, to be postmaster at Sioux City, in the county William L. Jefferies, to be postmaster at Clarendon, in the county of Woodbm·y and State of Iowa. of :Monroe and State of Arkansas. W. A. De Lashmutt, to be postmaster at Mount Ayr, in the Ira A. Ramsay, to be postmaster at Colebrook, in the county of county of Ringgold and State of Iowa. Coos and State of Nflw Hampshire. Horatio Ed. Smith, to be postmaster at Dows, in the county of William H. Small, to be postmaster at New Market, in the county Wright and State of Iowa. of Rockingham and State of New Hampshire. Frederick J. Will, to be postmaster at Eagle Grove, in the county Walter H. Stewart, to be postmaster at Franklin, in the county of Wright and State of Iowa. of Merrimack and State of New Hampshire. E. H. Allison, to be postmaster at Grundy Center, in the county Enoch H. Vance, jr., to be postmaster at Malvern, in the county of Grundy and State of Iowa. of Hot Spring and State of Arkansas. Gerald L. Whinery, to be postmaster at Iowa Falls, in the Allen N. Vanhooser, to be postmaster at Siloam Springs, in the eounty of Hardin and State of Iowa. county of Benton and State of Arkansas. Clinton L. Zollinger, to be postmaster at Ogden, in the county A. Elmer Bean, to be postmaster at Berlin, in the county of of Boone and State of Iowa, Coos and State of New Hampshire. Theodore H. Haecker, to be postmaster at Hampton, in the John W. Matthewson, to be postmaster at Mammoth Spring, in county of Franklin and State of Iowa. the county of Fulton and State of Arkansas. John Tooley, to be postmaster at New Hampton, in the county William A. Price, to be p<;>stmaster at Clarksville, in the county of Chickasaw and State of Iowa. of Johnson and State of Arkansas. Ebenezer A. Teeling, to be postmaster at Charles City, in the Jacob Shaul, to be postmaster at Marianna, in the county of county of Floyd and State of Iowa. Lee and State of Arkansas. James W. Wilson, to be postmaster at Sac City, in.the county Winfield S. Holt, to be postmaster at Litt.le Rock, in the county of Sac and State of Iowa. . of Pulaski and State of Arkansas. Isaac C. Munger, to be postmasteratWaterloo, in"thecountyof John W. Howell, to be postmaster at HotSprings,in the county Blackhawk and State of Iowa. of Garland and State of Arkansas. Albert Romey, to be postmaster at Sibley, in the county of William P. Jones, to be postmaster at Batesville, in the county Osceola and State of Iowa. of Independence and State of Arkansas. Willard W. Reynolds, to be postmaster at Sheldon, in the county Dora Clow, to be postmaster at Arkadelphia, in the county of · of O'Brien and State of Iowa. Clark and State of Arkansas. Innes Mackenzie, to be postmaster at Sioux Rapids, in the William B. Empie, to be postmaster at Newport, in the county county of Buena Vista and State of Iowa. of Jackson and State of Arkansas. Sherman F. Myers, to be postmaster at Anita, in the county of Leo K. Fesler, to be postmaster at Rogers, in the county of Cass and State of Iowa. Benton and State of Arkansas. Bernard Murphy to he postmaster at Vinton, in the county of John A. Brouse, to be postmaster at Lonoke, in the county of Bent-on and State of Iowa. Lonoke and State of Arkan::as. John B. Hungerford, to be postmaster at Carroll, in the county William K. Baker, to be postmaster at Wynne, in the county of of Carroll and State of Iowa. Gross and State of Arkansas. William F. Judiesch, to be postmaster at Holstein, in the county Samuel I. Clark, to be postmaster at Helena, in the county of of Ida and State of Iowa. Phillips and State of Arkansas. Thomas D. Long, to be postmaster at Manson, in the county of G. B. Russell, to be postmaster at Audubon, in the county oi Calhoun and State of Iowa. Audubon and State of Iowa. - 1898. .CONGRESSIONAL-- RECORD-·HOUS]1. 485"

E . G . Swift, to be postmaster at State Cent-31", in-the county of The CHAI RMAN. The H ouse is in Com mittee of the Whole Marshall and State of Iowa. H ouse on the state of the Union for t he further consideration of R. C. White, to be po3tmaster at Glenwood, in the county of the bill H . R . 4751. The gentleman from Missouri [Mr. DocKERY] Mills and State of Iowa. is recognized for fifteen minutes. JosephS. Garrett; to be postmaster at Columbus, in the county M1~. DOCK ERY. I yield that time to my colleague [Mr. of :Muscogee and State of Georgia. Coo~EY] . Daniel E. Pond, to be postmaster at Monticello, in the county of ~li·. COONEY. Mr. Chairman, in the eagerness with which Jones and State of Iowa. some gentlemen have rushed forward as defenders of the President Frank H . Robbins, to be postmaster at Waukon, in the county as a civil-service reformer they have rudely brushed up against of Allamakee and State of Iowa. the Assistant Secretary of the Treasury with rough and unsympar thetic shoulders. I have waited to see his defender issue forth from that side of the Chamber , but he has not come. All ar e preoccupied, either in HOUSE QF REPRESENTATIVES. pra~sing the President for what he has done as a civil-service re former in the past, or are encouraging and elaborately defending :MoNDAY, January 10, 1898. the President for what they hope and desire he may do as a spoils The House met at 12 o'clock m . Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. man in the future. HENRY N. COUDEN. Under these circumstances I may not be blamed with presump The Journal of Saturday's proceedings was read and approved. tion if a spirit of justice and fair play urges me to defend that honorable gentleman in some of the propositions set forth in his DIS'l'RICT BUSINESS. statement of December 15last, and to enter a protest against the Mr. CURTIS of Iowa. ]olr. Speaker, this being the second :Mon manner in which that valuable statement was received, first by day of January, the day under the rule, I believe, is set apart for an evasive deni:l.l and then forgotten, by his party friends on this consideration of District of Columbia business. In theabsenceof floor. That statement contains three simple prop.ositions of fact: the chairman on the Committee on the District of Columbia, I First, that the condition of affairs brought about in his Depart am requested to ask unanimous consent that Monday, one week men t by the operation of the civil-service law has become a menace from to-day, be substituted for to-day. to efficient labor in his Department. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Iowa, on behalf of the Second, that to relieve the Department from this menace it pro Committee on the District of Columbia, asks unanimous consent posed to reduce to a salary of 3900 those who are now receiving that Monday next be substituted for the present day for the con double that amount or more and who have grown old and ineffi sideration of business of that committee. Is there objection? cient in the service of the Government, exacting from them only [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. a moderate amount of labor and time, and advancing young and SENATE BILLS REFERRED. efficient men to their positions. Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV,Senate bills of the following titles Third, that this method is practically pensioning the old clerks were taken from the Speaker's table and referred to their appro at the rate of $75 a month, which, through the force of the civil priate committees, as indicated below: serv'ice law, may be put into immediate a.nd successful operation S. 1197. An act for the relief of Rinaldo P . Smith, of Baltimore, without the aid of any other legislation or act of Congress. 1\!d.-to the Committee on Claims. Not one of these pr opositions has yet been successfully refuted S. 103-4. An act for the relief of James Eganson, of Henderson, on this floor. Not one of them has yet been dignified with an Ky.-to the Committee on Pensions. opposition of strength greater than an evasive denial; ancl yet, S. 948. An act granting a pension to J osepb :M:. Waddell- to the taken together· and coming from such a source, they constitute Committee on Pensions. an indictment against the whole law which, in the judgment of the nation, has condemned it beyond redemption by any modification DEBATE ON THE CIVIL SERVICE. that has yet been proposed by its friends. Mr. 1\IOODY. .Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent of the The honorable and able member fTom Indiana [Mr. JoHNso~] House that upon the subject now under consideration in Com has been so frequently referred to in the course of this debate mittee of the Whole House on the state of the Union, members that any remarks would appear out of harmony with the occasion ha\e leave to print remarks for ten days. thatdo not continue that reference. He is the Michael of reform, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Massachusetts asks who has received commission to go forward and boldly strike out unanimous consent that general leave to print on the civil-service with his mailed fist, and more firmly plant in the Departments of branch of the bill under consideration in Committee of the Whole the Government that shield that ha.s inscribed on it the strange House on the state of the Union be given for ten days from this device of the American mugwump. day. He has denounced this statement as being unfortunate at this Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, I do not know that I hall object. juncture in public affairs. He has characterized it as a badge of A great deal of time has been given to this matter, discussion has incompetency upon the part of the Assistant Secretary of the taken a very wide range, and it seems to me that it is hardly wise Treasury to administer the civil-service law, and has warned the to make this extension. Secretary of the Treasury to be more careful how he permits his Mr. MOODY. Mr. Speaker, I agree entirely with what the gen assistant to talk upon this subject in the future. And why? Sim tleman from Iowa has said. A great deal of time has been spent, ply because that statement discloses at an inopportune time for but there is a. desire on the part of a good many members on both the gentleman the existence of a pension attachment to the civil sides of the House to avail themselves of this leave to print; and, service law. It is useless for gentlemen to undertake now to blind after consu1tation with members, I think it would tend to hasten themselves or to blinu others by passionate denials of Mr. Vander tho appmach of the close of this debate. I do not propose at this lip's construction of the law, or to intimate that he is an enemy of time to ask the attention of the House to the latter subject, but if the law, or that he is a wolf from the camp of the spoils system this leave be given, I entertain the hope that at a later hour in the found in the fold of those whose fleeces are washed whiter than day it may be possible for us to make some agreement. I trust snow. gentlemen will not object. I do not ask leave to print for more He is as honest and sincere a friend of the law as any reformer on than ten days. this floor; he has fortified his judgment of the law by the opinion Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, I am decidedly in favor of any of the Civil Service Commission, and his statement before pub motion that will bring this debate to an early conclusion. My lished had the approval of members of this House who know the own judgment is that the whole business is unfortunate; and law and are in sympathy with it. Personally I do not believe that with the understanding that this lea.ve to print shall be confined the law in its scope is constitutional, only in the sense that disease to what members would say for themselves-original matte1·-and is said to bo constitutional and gathers its strength and develops what they would say upon the floor of this House, and with the its force and jurisdiction over the body by age. assurance-- But, admitting the law to be constitutional, we must then admit M.r. STEELE. Mr. Speaker, I think I shsJl object anyhow. that the construction placed on it by Mr. Vanderlip is not strained, Tile SPEAKER. Objection is made. but is inevitably necessary. That law provides for life tenure of .Mr. :MOODY. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House resolve itself office. Those who favor it hold that to be the cardinal principle into Committee of tho Who!e House on the state of the Union for anu vital point of the law. Is not, then, Mr. Vanderlip's propo tile further consideratton of the legislative appropriation bill. sition in the interest of economy under that law? Is not his prop The motion was agreed to. osition an honest effort to carrv out and ·nreserve the life-tenure The SPE...<\.KER. In the absence of the gentleman from Illinois features of the law, while at the same tiine he aims to preserve rl\!r. HOPKINS]' the Chair will appoint the gentleman from New the service of his Department from the incompetency and destruc York [Mr. PAYrm] as Chairman of the Committee of the Whole tion with which it is threatened by that law? But gentlemen say E:oase on the state of the Union. that he has the power and it is his duty to dismiss incompetent The House accordingly resolved itself into -Committee of the men. There is where the law is a dead letter. It only weakens Whole House on the state of the Union, Mr. PAYNE in the chair, and discourages in officers the exercise of that duty. Those upou 486 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE. J .ANU.ARY 10, whom this duty is imposed are in office but temporarily them ernment that knowledge and adeptness which is necessary to con selves. dtlct its business and which experience alone can supply. Yet They come with a retinue of friends who are seeking positions. we now have the declaration from one of the great Departments To be a political enemy and in office fills full the measure of in of the Government that the law and the argument are br oken competency in the eyes of these men. The law may be a splendid down; that under the test of experience both have failed; and the machine for the pm·pose of manufacturing angels out of dead men, tree that has been transplanted fi·om the soil of the mother country, but it can not make one out of a live man. It can not change the and he;re welcomed and warmed by the ardent embraces and current of human nature and of human passions. It is folly for watered by the loving tears of the reformer , has, in the language you to expect that these men will dismiss their own political of Mr. Vanderlip, "become dead at the top, as it were." friends, whose competency has already been passed upon by your Mr. Chairman, in the hands of any political party the present law or by the Civil Service Commi&>ion, and who ai·e clothed with law is nothing more than a trick, a cheat, an arrant swindle, and certain rights to their offices which the law sustains and supports. is an instrument proper for only knaves to handle. It might be easy enough to dismiss a man who had never b een My first experience with the practical.operations of the civil competent. but your law is antagonistic to the very idea that time service law occurred last spring at the Pension Bureau. There is and service can render any man incompetent so long as he is able a board of examining commissioners in a town of about 35,000 to crawl to his desk. Once competent, then the exercise of official inhabitants in my district, which was incidentally informed duties only raises the degree of a man's competency, is an axiom through the public press that its annual earnings did not exceed which runs with every line of the civil-service law. If it is pro $000 and that it was subject to be decapitated at the pleasure of posed now to modify this law, I would suggest a modification whie;h the Administration. would certainly be in harmony with its whole spirit and history; In the interest of the board I visited the Bureau and had are that is, to increase your appropriation and create a new and addi casting of its accounts, which showed the earnings to be about tional civil service commission at the other end of your law, whose 8915, placing it within the protection of the law. The clerk with duty it shall be t o pass upon and to issue degrees and certificates whom I transacted the business was a new man recently elevated of incompetency. to his position. I was a new member, and presuming that I had For I hold that it requires as varied and as exalted power of como in the interest of the policies of the new Administration, he discrimination and judgment to determine the hour or the day or undertook to sympathize with me on account of what appeared to the year when the gout or the stone may render a Department him to be a formidable barrier in my way to the removal of the clerk unfit for his duties as it does in the first instance to pa s old board and the inst~'lllation of one that bore the complexion of upon his qualifications for the office. To deal \vith age and its in the present Administration. firmities constitutes a subject the intricacies of which render it He informed me that I could relieve myself by preferring some possible for ordinary mortals to say with Oliver Wendell Holmes charge against the board, and if I did not have any serious charge that •' to be 70 years young is sometimes more cheerful and hope I could found one on ill or rough treatment, or language used by ful than to be 40 vears old . '~ the board or by any of its members in the examination of the old But, Mr. Chairman, it is not for a moment to be believed that soldier, and that would be sufficient. When I had the opportu the men and the influences which have spent and are now devot nity, I informed the gentleman that I was a Democrat, that I had ing so much time and patient energy to the building up of a class come to the Department in the interest of the board, and was in the service of the Gover nment will permit their proteges to be happy to inform him that the members of that board were men cast out and forsaken in the hour of their decrepitude and old who stood high in their profession, and besides were gentlemen age. Their aim is' to establish in the Departments a civic body against whom I did not believe anyone could be found to bring that shall rank in importance with the Army and the Navy, and the slightest charge. be as exclusively distinct and removed from the influences and rHere the hammer fell.] . the impulses of the people. And the plain statement of the As Mr. DOCKERY. I ask unanimous consent that the gentle sistant Secretary of the Treasury that there is waiting for this man's time be extended for ten minutes. class a law which already bears in its bosom the healthy germ of There was no objection. a pension system has aroused every thoughtful and disinterested .1\lr. COONEY. I left that Department agreeably conscious that citizen to the evil possibilities of that law. here, at least, were three Democrats in my district whose interest This has been foretold by the prophets and heralded by the in their petty offices could not be disturbed by a change in the evangelists of civil-service reform for years; but now is the first Administration. Ah, gentlemen, I was sadly mistaken. In about time that the subject has been taken from the realm of doubt and a month or six weeks thereafter, this Department, recognizing the speculation and dignified by the announcement of one of the great faet that $915 must bring very onerous work upon one board, Departments of Government of its entire conversion to the dogma. thought it was to the interest of the service to give them some Those who accuse Mr. Vanderlip of a desire to start a pension relief. So it appointed a new and additional board at the same system in his Department have not read his statement closely and point, and through the favors of that Department it is expected are not impressed with the full significance of the facts contained that this new board will so divide the fees with the old that in a therein. His proposition is not to create a pension system, but to little while there will be no board left at that point that will be regulate and to apply the common principles of economy to a sys under the protection of the hw, and the field will be clear to the tem of pensioning which he found in practical operation in the Administration to install permanently a new one of its own that Department when he entered office. bears its own trade-mar k and wears its own collar. The day that this law was launched upon its mission of t·eform, The Civil Service Commission, that Briareus of a hundred pow fifteen years ago, then its pensionary functions went into imme erful arms, that Argus with a hundred all-seeing eyes, that has diate operation; and although the standard of service may have been set up as a terror to the unregenerate and the unreformed been maintained and elevated by more critical and thorough ex who dare to enter the precincts or pollute the altar of civil-service aminations of applicants, and by agencies that are foreign to and reform with their presence, has, as I understand, folded up its not to be credited to the law, such as the application of new meth hundred arms and has closed ninety-nine of its hundred eyes, ods brought about by time and invention, and by the constant ad while it keeps one open with which to wink at the evasions of the dition of new forces in the Departments, yet the fact still remains law. [Laughter.l that during all that time, through the silent yet energetic influ It says that "it has no power to remedy this wrong; that such ences of the life-tenure featm·e of your law, there has been in the is the law, and such is civil-serrice reform." [Applause.] That Depa1'tments a constant accretion of incompetents maintained at same board is composed of gentlemen very pleasantly situated the expense of the Government, until now they have reached such ther:1sel-res, scholarly gentlemen, who with great politeness can formidable proportions that one of the chief officers of the Admin anu do answer all manner of questions in all manner of ways istration , a friend of the law, is constrained to declare that their that may be propounded to them. .This commission initiates the numbers have become a menace to the service of the Government. neophyte from the rural districts into a comprehension of the grew His testimony does not stand alone. The Commissioner of some pleasures and grim jokes of civil-service reform; and to those Pensions before the Senate committee said that in his Bureau who inquire concerning their tenure of office its reply is as clear, there are one hundred such employees who are practically p en as satisfactory, and as prophetically true as that given by the sioners upon the bounty of the Government, and if he could re ancient Pythian to the king who asked the same question: duce his force by that number the service in his Department Yes, you and your posterity shall enjoy the office, until an ass shall ascend would be more satisfactory. Of all the arguments that have been to tho throne. put forth to sustain this law, not one exists whose force has not [Applause and laughter.] been shattered and broken down by the operation of the law The President has informed us that he has issued an order to itself. All the bright hopes of patriots and friends of good gov the different Departments of the Government to remove clerks ernment that have clustered around it from the beginning have ''only on written charges and hearings." We must admit that in the fierce light of experience either faded or turned into con this would seem to be in the interest of justice, ancl it is where tempt. the clerk and the head of the Department are of the same political The only moral argument that can sustain this law is that long p ersuasion; but where they are of different politics the clerk is a and untrammeled tenu1'e of office brings to the service of the Gov- fool who will tarry for the hearing, 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 487

These hearings and written charges are no new methods of ac- who come after us than that which is now urged by the disciples complishing partisan purposes. They are not unknown to his- of this law. [Applause.] tory. Such written charges and hearings were co~mon in the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from West Virginia [Mr. merry old days of England when Jeffreys sat at the "bloody as- DoRR] is recognized for twenty minutes. sizes" and yelled out to the trembling accused, "Cut your words Mr. DORR. Ur. Chairman, I have grown weary of the conten short, you villain, and plead guilty, you most infamous scoundrel, tion, so often made on this floor and elsewhere, that the Republican or it will be worse for you!" I do not desire now t.o change my party is irrevocably committed to the maintenance of the present opinion of Mr. Jeffreys, and therefore I am not willing to class civil-service law. I regard my duty to my country as my first and with him the Republican party, or to cast upon it or its Adminis- highest duty as a member of this House. Therefore, believing that tration any abuse for their tortuous methods in evading, in the the fundamental principles of that law are on-American and interest of their own ,political friends, a law that the people have fraught with danger to the Republic, I shall vote for its repeal, never sanctioned, which has been enlarged upon by powers over regardless of political platforms. which they have had no control and under pretenses that are But, Mr. Chairman, I do not regard a declaration in favor of darkly false and fraudulent. "civil-service reform" as an approval of the Ia was it is now en- The efforts of the Republican party to evade this law is e"idence forced in this country. The "civil service" embraces not merely to my mind that the constituents of that party still believe in the "classified" positions, but all branches of the public service popular government; still have faith in the people's ability to except the military. To reform is to correct, to form anew, to govern themsel"es; and that they are not yet ready to relinquish amend. Therefore reform in any branch of the civil service is int.o the hands of any•class the benefits and rights that flow to "civil-service reform." That which would be retorm in the opin them froi:n that government. ion of one might be retrogression in the opinion of another. In In this I rejoice. It is likewise an evidence to my mind that other words, it is merely a question of opinion as to what ".civil there are many Representatives of that party upon the floor of service reform" really is. 1\:Ioreover, the act of 1883 was not this House who only play the part of being struck speechless at passed as a partisan measure. Even though it had been distinc the ludicrous spectacle of some enthusiastic reformer jumping up tively a Republican measure and the subsequent platform declara and grasping the specter of the spoils system and advancing it up tions of the party in favor of "civil-service reform " had been and down yonder aisles as the mace of authority and obedience to intended as a specific indorsement of that act, it was only an experi the law. ment, like the Sherman silver law, for example, and if our expe- In their speechlessness they still know, and the people know, rience proves that its enactment was an error, it is our duty tore-· and God Almighty knows, that the present law, with its attend- peal it, regardless of the political organization to which we may ant life-tenure feature, is a more surreptitious, far-rea~hing, rapa- belong. cious, cowardly, sordid, and mean spoils system than any that has I am opposed to the civil-service law because it was an innova ever yet been invented in this country by cunning greed to glut a tion upon the system established by our forefathers, the wisdom pampered class by robbing the hardy sons of American citizens of of which has been demonstrated by experience. I am opposed to a heritage and ambition that ennoble them. We are not con- it because it is a contradiction of the proud boast of Americans fronted by the alternative of clinging to this law or adopting the that the pathway of the humblest citizen in the land to any posi old spoils system. There is another system of civil service in this tion within the gift of the people is always open and untrammeled. country which exists in practical operation throughout the sev.- I am opposed to it because it favors the classes against the masses. eral States, which has been tried for years and which has met I am opposed to it because it creates life tenure of office, thereby with t he approbation of the people. building up a favored class of Government beneficiaries. to the Every article of the Constitution of our country breathes ani- exclusion of the great body of the people. I am opposed to it be mosity against the idea of life tenure in office. As has been said, cause it violates the foundation principles of our Government. I there is but one exception, and that is in the case of the judiciary. am opposed to it because it is a step in the direction of reestab This Constitution and the constitutions and laws of the several lishing the form of government that was repudiated by the AIDer States lay down the correct American theory of civil service in ican people in 1776. this country-a term of years founded upon qualification, justice, Until this foreign system was thrust upoti us the American idea and certainty. If you adopt this theory upon which to build your had always been that this is a people's Government. '.fhe just and law of 1·eformation, then you can not go ash·ay, nor can you logicalsequenceisthatwhenanofficerischosen bythepeopleandis build too high. Your law will then be in line with American responsibletothepeopleforhisofficialactsheshou1dhavethepower institutions, and the American people will sustain and support it. to choose his subordinates, for whose action he is also responsible This law, founded upon the English system, has now been in to the people. But a new ligh't seems to have dawned upon a par force some fifteen years, yet it has not brought satisfaction or tion of our people, who imagine that they can see danger in the peace for a single day. But I warn gentlemen not to dally with contest of political parties for power and positions, and they there this insidious law muc.;h longer. Time may ripen the forces of fore seek to transfer the power of government from the people to despotism that lie hidden in its besom, and instead of being what a commission. Such an idea of government is in harmony with it now appears to be to us-a mere carpet, woven from the threads a monarchy, but it can not prevail in a republic. of .Arabian imagination, which by the shifting magical wa.nd of Gentlemen, ours is a government of the people, and such it must political power may be made to cover much or to cover nothing- remain. Instead of the contest for office being an evil, it affords it may crystallize itself into a potent law in the h ands and for the the only school for the political education of the people. The idea benefit of those in whose interest it was first ingrafted upon the that by divorcing the Government, or any part of it, from polit laws of this country, and the rich, and the powerful, and the col- ical contests it can be made better is a false one. The Govern lege-bred classes, who are now only waiting for the opportunity ment can not be better than the political party controlling it, ~s they only know how to wait, will come forward and take con- commission or no commission. A stream can not rise higher trol of the Departments of the Government at the expense of your than its source. own constituents. If our popular form of government is to be thus throttled, we This law was not founded so much upon the them·yof qualifica- might as well abandon the voting process entirely and substitute tion as upon the heredity of class. commissioners for the examination of all candidates for office, The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman has expired. from President down, and install those who obtain the highest per- . Mr. DOCKERY. I ask that the gentleman be allowed to proceed 1 centage. There is no middle ground upon which we can consist- for three minutes longer. ently stand. No good reason has ever been given, and none can be There was no objection. . 1 given, for applying the civil-service law to the minor places and. . ¥r. COONEY. It. is not founded so m.uch.upon qualifi<:atio~ as 1 not to ~he higher ones. ~f. competitive ex:a ~ations give ~etter It IS upon the heredity of class. Exammatwn and quahficat10n 1 results m one class of positiOns, they would g1ve better serVIce in were required before this law ever saw the light of existence. It all. In fact, there js even a stronger reason. if this system be is only the heredity of class that has been added. I believe in correct, for applying the law to the Cabinet officers than to their qualification, no matter how high, and I am in favor of it. I clerks, because the duties of the former positions require more believe, too, in heredity, but only to despise and hate it. knowledge and p, higher order of ability. That is the badge that was placed upon our first parents to show At present we have the political system for the one class and the that they had sinned; and from that day down to this there has so-called merit s:rstem for the other. The two are antagonistic. never been, and from this day to the crack of doom there can never· If we are going to continue this civil-service system, let us be con be, a single instance of thorough, permanent, and practicalrefor· sistent, like the Chinese, who for thousands of years have applied mation. either in morals or in politics, that is not in antagonism it to all of their officials save the Emperor. It is probably satis to heredity. Any system founded upon or allied with heredity is factory to them, because they have no intelligent conception of a movement backward and downward; based upon opposition to popular government. But it is a sad reflection upon a people like it is forward and upward. If this system is to be perpetuated as ours, whq have been educated for freedom and are capable of self an institution of this country, I predict that its results will be the government. cr.:ation of those conditions in the life of the Republic which will I deny that competitive examinations improve the public gerv require a very different kind of reformation at the hands of those ice. Our experience does not prove it. They may secure pc,rsons 488 CON.GRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. J ANUARY 10,

with a higher degree of technical education, but not with a last fiscal year alone by persons who, aside from their loss of greater degree of efficiency in the discharge of public duty. This time, did n ot r eceive the slighte3t benefit in r eturn for their depends upon qualifications that can not be determined, as a gen expenditure. Anot her r esult of these fruitless examina:ions is eral rule, by any test of literary training. l\1ost of the positions that the energy of the applicant is paralyzed by the hope of an in the public service could be filled with persons possessing a com appoint ment thus held out to him, and in consequence the avenues mon-school education and common sense, who would render just open to him for other employment are neglected. as efficient service as the average Yale or Harvard graduate. The for egoing are not the only evil effect~:; of this system. I am A favorite contention of the advocates of the civil-service law is informed that there is in this city an institution called "The that it is its purpose to place the public service on a business National Correspondence Institute," which is conducted by Mr. basis. But is there a single business house, bank, or railroad in J. W . McKinley. Its claim to patronage is ba.Sed upon the theory the country that would be willing to accept· its clerical force or that it h as peculiar facilities for preparing applicants for a civil· other employees from the certifications of the Civil Service Com service examination. It is situated in the very shadow of the mission or that would exchange with the commission its metl:od headquarters of the Civil Service Commission. It has patrons all of selecting its employees? Not one. I do not contend that there over the country, and I am informed that it expends annually should not be a test of qualifications, but I do insist that a sepa thousands of dollars for advertisements and that it has on its pay r ate bureau is not essential in making the test. rolls from time to time almost a hundred clerks and experts. 'fhe If Iwerecharged with themanagementofapublicoffice, I would fees paid to this institutiOn by those who successfully passed the prefer to select my subordinates as did Jefferson and Jackson. examjna.tions ~Jnd by those who obtained appointments have not First of all, I should ask: "Is he a Republican?" If answered in only met this enormous expen~e, but have netted Mr.l'rlcKinley a the negative, that would end the examination. If an affirmative handsome for tune. answer were given, then I would ask: "Is he honest?" " Is he All of this money comes from a credulous and hopeful people, capable?" "Is he faithful?" A satisfactory answer having been who imagine that, in some mysterious way, the institution can ob· given to these questions, I would then consider him eligible to an taiu them admission to the sacred portals of the Civil Service Com· appointment. Being responsible for his official action, I would mission. It is not my purpose to question th(l legitimacy of the prefer t o be the judge of his eligibility. If there be positions in methods of this institution, nor to seek to injure the young man's the public service requiring the retention of experienced persons, business. On the contrary, I rather admire, and feel constrained and where a change would, for that reason, be inadvisable, the to commend, his enterprising genius. The wrong is not in him .head of the Department is certainly competent to ascertain that but in the law that enables his business to thrive. The institution fact, and he ought to be h·usted to protect himself and the public is the logical and legitimate result of a pernicious principle-a interests accordingly. fungus growth upon a false system-and I m erely mention it as It is alleged that the public service was demoralized by whole an object lesson of the expensive results and burdensome folly of sale dismissals under the old system. This allegation is not SU'p the civil-service law. :ported by the facts: No Admini.,tration ever has and no Admin Under the plausible but misleading title of "the merit system" IStration ever will make a clean sweep of the offices upon its the advoc.:'ttes of the civil-service law seek to make the impression accession to power. I doubt if there was as much demoralization that under i t pub'j_c patronage is equally and fairly distributed. then as there is now. Under the old system reduction!') and re This is not the case. T he term is a misnomer , because the law has movals were made openly and honestly. Under the civil-service !lOt given pro rata recognition to the people of all the States and law they are made clandestinely and by indirection. The effect Territories. It has enabled those living at or near the seat of Gov of this is to build up and encom·age a system of espionage and ernment to obtain the greater share of pah·onage. For example, persecution, the most potent agencies of demoralization that could the District of Columbia, which, under a fair apportionment, would be put into oper ation. In the one case the employee knows what be entitled to only 39 positions in the Departments here, has re to expect and governs himself accordingly. In the other he is ceived 2,396. And it has been shown that 500 of these were constantly on the "anxious seat" and knows not at what hour chosen from the certifications of the coiili!lission during the last nor in what way he may be assailed. Administration of President Cleveland and appointed in the The civil-service law is not only wrong in principle and pro Treasury Department alone. These excesses have been taken from ductive of injustice and inequality of privileges in the public the rightful patronage of the less-favored section of the country. service, but it is a constant and useless drain upon the public reve It may be contended that the same inequality would result un nues, as well as upon the incomes of the people who are deceived der the old system. But under that system the wrong could be by its false allurements. In addition to 8120,659.52 expended dur righted by the heads of the Departments, while now this can not be ing the fiscal year ending June 3D, 1897, for the salaries of the done. The civil-service law perpetuates the wrong. After Mr. regular force of the commission and to meet the expenses of the Cleveland had snugly tucked his party friends into the public examinations held elsewhere than at the seat of Government, the service, removing Republicans without giving them a chance to annual salary of the force now on detail at the commission~ who show that they were competent and worthy of retention aside are paid out of the appropriations for the various Departments to from their political opinions, we now return to power, and when which they respectively belong, is in the aggregate $50,864. those who were thus summarily removed seek reinstatement they In addition to this, it is estimated that there have been no less are confronted with the "one-year rule," and required to show than 200 suits instituted involving various questions raised in con cause, other than politics, for the removal of the men wht> took struing this law. This litigation not only embarrasses the admin their places, and also to give them written notice of the cause and istration of the public service, but results in a waste of much of the allow them an opportunity to make defense. time of the com·ts and other officials that could be profitably de These are privileges that were not accorded Republicans. Such voted to business of more importance to the Government. Add a rule is practically a disbarment from the service, because the to all this the energy and eloquence wasted in useless and unprofit greater part of those who now occupy these places are efficient able diseus::ion of these questions by statesmen in and out of Con and worthy of retention, save ;.s to their Democracy. Such treat gress, and you will then begin to realize the enormous burden that ment is not just to the men who lost their positions becausa of this incubus upon popular government entails upon the people. their politics and then went out on the battlefield and he1 ped us And still there is more. Dm·ing the last fiscal year there were to win another victory. They should at least have the same op 50,244 applicants examined. Although 2-1,163 of these successfully portunities as did their Democratic successors. passed the examination, only 3,308 were given places. So, aside Not content with the injury and injustice it has already from the 25,000 and more who waited in uncertainty for months wrought, this octopus is still reaching out its arms for further before they were notified of their failm·e to pass, here is a vast spoliation. In o~e of its annual reports the commission says: army of nearly 21,000 who, notwithstanding their eligibility, had It is the opinion of the commission that the fourlh-cla.ss post-office:'! may be all of their trouble for nothing. And the greatest injustice of it included in the classific..'lt.ion by Executive order. When these exten<;ions of all is that the chief reason they failed to get appointments was be the classification have b oen made, and the four-year tenure-of -office acts are r epealed, and when regulations are in succe sful operation in all tho De cause the positions were filled, in a great measure, by those who partments r equiring that promotions be based on the efficiency of tho em never passed a competitive examination, but were appointed as a ployees, the reforms in the executive civil service will be practically com recognition of party service, classified by an extension order issued plete. The service will then be r e tored to th::t.t condition in which it was by an Executive of their own political faith, and are now protected mtended to be kept by the wiso fouuders of our Government. from removal by a law with the requirements of which they did If this report had included a recommendation for the estr.blish· not comply when they entered the service. ment of a civil pension list, which is the ultimate intent of these Such gross injustice deserves to be called a political crime, and theorists and the logical result of their theory, the structure thus if, with the power in our hands, we allow it to stand, we are described would, from their standpoint, have been complete. guilty of compounding the crime. No political party can hope But these propositions, when put into operation, will complete to remain in power if it permits such an injustice to the rank and the perversion rather than the restoration of the pnrpo es of the file of its organization. ' . wise founders of our Government. Instead of laying the founda Twenty dollars is a conservative estimate of the average ex tion for universal life tenure in office, the framers of om· funda penses of an applicant attending these examinations. So that, in mental law were extremely jealous of conferring this specious r ound numbers, there was a million dollars expended during the pTivilege, wisely confining it to the Federal judiciary. I am CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE. 489

unalterably opposed to the repeal·of the tenure-of-office acts. I ernment placed upon the poor but industrious people. · [Loud regard them as one of the surest safeguards of the Republic, and applause on the Democratic side.] rotation in office as an imperative demand of the American peo- But, Mr. Chairman, I did not intend to enter into a general dis pie. To carry out these recommendations of the commission cussion of the civil service. Our friends on the other side, I think, would endanger the perpetuity of our free institutions and would are engaged in a very profitable discussion, one that will demon be a deathknell to popular government in this country. strate to the country the insincerity of their platform and their While I do not approve of the application of the vulgar term of inability to administer the principles upon which they were "spoilsmen" to those of us who are pleading for the equal rights elected. I was a long time in the brush before I knew who was of the people, yet, in order that I may be fully understood, I will chargeable with this civil-servic.e storm. The Republican con use the term in its common acceptation, and declare that I am a vention relieves me of further doubt. The platform reads: ''spoilsman." I have no patience with that class of people who The civil-service law was placed upon the statute b()ok by the Republican are constantly sneering at the" office seekers'' when they them- party- selves have been seeking office all of their lives. I am an office And this is the :first timein the history of thisHousethat a party seeker. I do not deny it. So are you all, 1\fr. Chairman and gen- has turned to destroy its own progeny- tlemen of the House. Let us accord to others the same privileges which has always sustained it- we claim for ourselves. And they say- The ambition of the humbleat applicant for office is just as com- and we renew our repeated declarations that it shall be thoroughly and mendable and jusp as dear to him as the lofty ambition of those honestly enforced and extended wherever practicable. who seek the highest offices in the land. It is contended by some No modification is suggested, no repeal suggested. But we find that the people are in favor of this law. I beg to call attention when we come to this Congress that men who were elected upon to the fact that a very respect3.ble minority of 6,000,000 of voters that platform seek now to destroy it, and I am reminded of the in this country recently supported a platform declaring against couplet of Sir Walter Scott: its fundamental principle. Unless I am sadly misled as to the Oh, what a tangled web we weave sincerity of gentlemen, there are a few in this and the other bTanc)l When first we practice to deceive . . of Congress who did not support that platform but oppose this rLaughter.] law. And there are indications that this character of opposition Gentlemen, you find yourselves divided, and you will find your- is not confined to Congress. selves incapable of dealing with this evil unless you receive the We have only had one separate, direct vote upon the question. sapport of the Democratic side; and you will not receive that on That was in the State of Maryland last November. Although any amendment you may offer whereby you may expect to rele this is a Republican Stat.e, the vote was 87,000 against the law gate Democrats out and Republicans in. If you want. to re>peal and only 15,000 for it. This verdict is only a counterpart of the it, if you want to strike down the evil, I believe yon will have the recent declarations of the Republicans of the great States of Penn- support of almost all gentlemen on this side of the House: but no sylvania, Ohio, and Kentucky. . . amendment which does not cany out, in good faith, the demands Mr. Chairman. the people of th1s country have been misled as of the Democratic platform can receive our support. to the extent and purport of this law. They are just beginning Now, Mr. Chairman, on January5 my friend from Indiana [Mr. to underFt:md its iniquities, and they are rising up in arms against LAKDIS] made use of this truthful language, this real prophecy, it. If we do not meet the question here we will have to meet it this inspired truth, as the future will demonstrate: at the ballot box in 1900. We propose that they shall be corrected- The voice of the people cries out for repeal. "The voice of the Speaking of the evils of the civil service- people is the voice of God," and woe be unto the political fortunes and if this Congress does not correct them, the people, shod with indigna.· of him who does not heed it. [Applause.] tion and clothed with wrath, will send a Congress here that will correct; them. During the delivery of the foregoing remarks the time of Mr. Right, my friend! A Congress will be here after the next elec· DoRR having expired, by unanimous consent, at the request of tion. and a Congress bold enough and true enough to the American J.Ur. !d.AHA~Y. it was extended for five minutes. people to deal with this question and all other public questions as Mr. McRAE. I yield three minutes to the gentleman from they should be-in the interests of the people. The gentleman Tennessee [1\fr. Cox]. seems to have lo~t hope. :Mr. COX. Mr. Chairman, I have no disposition whatever to .Also the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. PEARSON1, on make an argument upon this question. I desire to state that this January 5, made use of this prophetic language: .bill. if caiTied into 1.1.w, makes an appropriation for $93,340 for the expenses of the Civil Servics Commission. In the Fifty-third Con- And 1 tell the gentleman from Pennsylvania- gress a ye_ -and-nay vote was taken on a motion to strike this item Speaking to Mr. BROSIUS- out of tho approp1"iation bill. The striking out of the appropria- .And I tell the gentlem::.nfromPennsylvania,and with this I close, that ever ld 1 h lt b t I tt · d slnce this law was passed-the Democrats ought not to hear tills, I.Jut they tion won~ scarce Y reac any resu~ ; u am sou erly oppose know it [laug-hterl- aver since t his law was pas ed, at every election follow- to this whole system of civil service and its legislation that I voted in ~ theoelectwn of a President the Honse of Represent;stiYes goes against the at that time to strike out the appropriation,..and I shall be exceed- p nr ~ y in power, and at the next qn::tdrennialelection it goes against the party in_g:ly o-Jad if our friends on the other side will afford me an oppor- in power for t.he control of the Presidency, and it will be so just as long as 0 ·J the Republican party will permit itself and its policy to be guided by tlle tunity to vot e for the entire repeal of this vicious legislation. pious and holy gentlemen in WiHiam street and their disciples. Mr. McRAE. I yield the remainder of my time, twenty min- These gentlemen seem to have lost all hope for the future of the utes, to my col.eague (~J:r. LITTLE]. grand old party. I commend to them the following lines, which Mr. LITTLE. Mr. Chairman, standing with the Democratic are, I believe, from Milton: p:uty and its platform, I desire to say that I am opposed to the So farewell hope, and with hope farewell fear; civil s~rvice in principle, in theory, and in practice. lt3 princi- Farewell ramorse; all good to me is lost. pies as now practiced I regard as undemocratic, contrary to the Evil, be thou my good. genius of our Republic, and positivelyobno:rioustothegreatmass But, Mr. Speaker, the distinguished and original gentleman of the p ~ ople of our country. In its theories it is a humbug; it from North Carolina [Mr. LINNEY~' on December 10, 1897, more pr omises and never performs. In practice it is a colossal fraud. vividly portrayed the evil way of tne Republican party and its If administered aceording to the intention of its authors and advo- dismal future in this splendid, inimitable declaration: cates, it leads to a life tenure in office which ought to be and is The gentleman can roly m uch 0:1 party organization. into~erable to every patriotic American citizen. · Referring to the gentleman from Mississippi [:M:r. ALLEr ] , I I have never been able to discover, Mr. Chairman, why a man believe. w:t.o h::ts enjoyed his share of the good things of life when he was The gentleman can rely much on party organization. I must r ely upon young, occupying a good position, drawing a good.mlary, and the _purifying p~·ocess of reasoning addressed to the intellect and cons.::ience. doing light work, when he grows old should be enhtled to any And let me tell you t hat if this system of civil ser vice continues I will not m ore of the benefactions of the Government than the man who get 19,000 votes next year. Neither will the Repub!ican party in my St.1.te llas been compelled to toil in the snnshine and storm to make a presant force enough to grease a gimlet to bore a hole to bury ourselve3. lhingfor himself and his family. The only exception madeunder The truth is that prophecy will be true not only inNorth Caro our Con ~titution in favor of life t enure in office was yielded to lina, but nowhere in this g1·eat country 'vill there be enough of t he Federal judiciary, and that after a long and co:1tinued con the old machine left to serve the pm·pose indica ted by the gentle tc::;t; aml I l;elie>e, Mr. Chairman, if the present has not estulJ man from North Car.olina. To him I breathe these pleasant LS.led the fact, that the future will demonstrate that this was one lines: • , :t 1 . th · d d h f c1 Come, disappointment, come, of the gre~t ~lStaKes macte uy e wiSe an goo. ~en w o rame But not in thy terrors clad, our Constitution. rApplau se on the DemocratiC Slde.] Come in thy meekest, saddest guise If, sir, the men who occupy seats jn the Supreme Court of this To the reckless and the bad. Go\ern:aent had to respond t<> the vcice of the people, we would 1'1r. Cbairman, not only has the Republican party gone back on haso no fea.r tbn.t there ever would be a rale -permanently estab-~ this part of its platform, but we aU know that during tho last lic:: h::;d in this (;{)Untry whereby the property and incomes of the campaign you were all bimetallisto of the international kind. rich would be exempt from taxation and the burdens of the Go-v- To-day you are but the chained sla-ves of gold monometallism, 490 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 10, unable to free yourselves from its embrace. The Secretary of N ancys "-a terrible piece of invective certainly, and one sanc the Treasury, :Mr. Gage, the financial high priest and mouthpiece tioned by long usage. That epithet was made to do service of the .Administration, declares that the purposes of the bill pre nearly twenty years ago but I supposed that it had now passed pared by him which has been presented to the Committee on into a deserved retirement. Banking and Currency is designed to more thoroughly and per Now, Mr. Chairman, this matter is not to be settled by the call manently commit the country to the gold standard; and it pro ing of names. I do not think, however, that the advocates of the poses to go beyond that and destroy the greenback, to destroy the other side of the question have anything to complain of in this re silver certificates, and to surrender the sovereignty of this Gov gard. It seems to me that, considering the ability of gentlemen ernment to the national banks, and thereby make the burdens of who have taken part in opposition to this law, the debate has been the people more intolerable. · very infertile of any real argument against it. The gentleman Mr. Chairman, if this was all the wrath of the people might be from Indiana fMr. LANDIS] left nothing to be said by way of en stayed for a time; but there is a sadder question. There is a ques tertaining the House, and he also left nothing to be said against the tion involving human liberty, the life of a struggling people-a evils of the old spoils system, for he rehearsed here by the hour question whether the go:)d offices of this Government shall be trn.nsactions that had occurred under that system and before the used in behalf of the struggling patriots of Cuba. Let m.e read, rules were applied to the offices to which he referred as a reason Mr. Chairman, a declaration of Gen. Maximo Gomez, a message for repealing the law. sent by him to the American people on Christmas morning. He The gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. PEARSONl, a gentle says: man of rare scholarship, made a speech which was indeed rich in All that I have to say regarding this great and heroic war in Cuba is a com diction, but which was very unfruitful of any real reason why plete r atification of our manifesto issued at Monte Christo. You may make the law should be changed. If, as he alleged, this law bad been It known to the American people that it is the firm r esolution of the army improperly extended to laborers, and they have been brought into and people of Cuba, who have ~bed so much blood in order to gain t h eir inde pendence, not to falter in their just cause until death or triumph crowns classified service, the remedy for that certainly is not in repealing their efforts. the law, but in punishing those who were guilty uf violating it. M. GOMEZ. Wo can take nearly all of their arguments, and we find that they Language as eloquent a~ ever dropped from the burning lips of singularly fail to fit the conclusions reached by the gentlemen. Patrick Henry. It comes fi·om a man whose patriotism and cour They show defective administration. They show that the officers age rank high among the patriots and soldiers of any age. appointed to administer this statute have done things which they These people struck the blow for libm::ty, and for three years ought not to have done; and what do they propose? Do they pro they have maintained it with a courage and sacrifice and devotion pose some new penal provisions of the statute? Do they propose that has won the love and respect of liberty-loving people all over an inquiry or an impeachment of those officers who have violated the world. One-third of their population has been destroyed, and the law? Not at all; but they propose that the law shall be abso every breeze that blows from the sunlit shores of that ill-fated lutely repealed. They propose a return to the abominations of the island bears upon its bosom the tears and prayers of a struggling old system, with a recital of which they decorate their speeches. people. They learned their s0ngs of liberty from our people, they Mr. Chairman, in endeavoring to find the amount of legislation gathered the hope of freedom from our flag, and yet the majority that will satisfy the opponents of this system, I have carefully lis on the other side of this House sit unmoved and unconcerned. tened to the arguments, but I have failed to see what amount of Mr. Chairman, the same tyranny that rides down these people change would satisfy them. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. has insulted our flag. It hns destr oyed twenty millions of prop Gr..osvENOR] was more nearlyfrankthananybodyelse. You will erty of our people and has imprisoned and outraged our citizens. remember that he first perverted and then indorsed George Wash How long shall this great couutry sutmit to these great outrages ington, with reference to his expressions in the Pickering letter, at the hands of this puny :md decaying monarchy? Mr. Chair when he said, speaking of the office of Attorney-General, that he man, bow lopg must liberty, bJeedin~, wait for affirmative action did not propose to appoint any man to" an office of consequence" upon the part of our Government? Let us act p:romptly, let us who differed from him in political views. act now, let our love for liber ty and hamanity inspire us to uphold Now, the gentleman from Ohio fMr. GROSVENOR] made an es the banner of liberty in the hands of these struggling people. timate. He said, '·Is not that office an office of consequence?" Ob, ~ive, gren.t God, to freedom·s waves to ride And w going through the list, he concluded that the ·'offices of Sublime o'er Conquest, Avarice, and Pride- consequence" to which George Washington must have alluded To sweep where Pleasure decks her guilty bowers, would be about 95 per cent of all the offices of the Govern And dark Oppression builds her thick-ribb'd towers. nlent. Those offices h e would exclude, because they were impor Touch but the shores of Cuba \vith our flag, and the shouts of tant. Very shortly after that he came to some offices that he her freedom will roll round the world. [Applause.] would exclude because they were unimportant, positions like [Mr. BRUMM addressed the committee. See Appendix.] those of janitors, laborers, and conductors of elevators. He would exclude these because they were unimportant. He did not state Mr. McCALL. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Iowa [1\Ir. the proportion that these offices bore to the whole number of HEPBURN] who addressed the House on Saturday with a very able offices in the service,·but on looking at the reports I find that they argument aO'ainst the ex.isting law complained that the advocate3 cover about £0 per cent of the whole number. So, as I under of the merit system had ta"ken a certain advantage. He said that stand, the gentleman from Ohio [1\Ir. GROSVE:NOR] is in favor of they had adopted the nomenclature, that they had established the reform to this extent-he would appoint about 115 per cent of all names, and the result was that the opponents of the law were our officers under the S!)Oils system. [Laughter.] stigmatized by epithets which were not complimentary. Now, Now, 1\ir. Chairman, the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. HEPBURN] 1\Ir. Chairman, I have lis~ened with quite a degree of attention to made a very coherent argument and one that was directed to the this debate, and I do not think thftt either side can lay claim to a system. He advocated the old methods of m aking appointments. monopoly of epithets. I remembe~ very clearly the speech of the He thought that the l\Jember of Congress or the Senator from the distina-uished gentleman from Oh10 [Mr. GROSVENOR], who at place which the appointee came from was the best qualified to tacked and denounced the supporters of this law, not merely piek oat the officer. He said that the member of Congress would individually, but en m:1.·so-not only the living, but also the dead. be apt to know the applicants. In the next place the member The gentleman from Ohio stigmatized a whole convention of would be directly answerable to the people. Well, this is all yery men, a convention hehl iu the city of Cincinnati, as" foul-mouthed well in theory, but as a matter of fact how would it work? The demagogues." This m?.y te highly argumentative, but I do not member of Congress does know the applicants; but suppose he think it can be called stridly complimentary. Then the gentle picks out a man in his district absolutely with reference to the man from Ohio, if I remember correctly, did not express the most public good, and with reference to the man's ability to render unqualified approval of the career of Mr. Carl Schurz, or of Mr. public service and without reference to his political pull? Is not George William Curtis, u ~entlcman who was advocating the lib the member going to get into trouble? It would b3 known be erty of the slave and was roinbng the way to freedom and the north forehand that he \Yould h:1ve the selection of the officer. star before the gentleman from Ohio began his political life, and Here are numerous men who have been working for him. It is before tha Republican pa.rty was born, and who, for over thirty known that a certain office is to be filled. Immediately there are years, valiantly fought th'3 bl:l.. ttles of that party. They were stig two or three or half a dozen hostile camps, each bringing to bear matized by the gentleman from Ohio as traitors. upon the member of Congress the strongest pull of which it is And how about the Civil Service Commissioners? I have a capable. Now, if the member disregards all these pulls and picks recollection that something denunciatory of tho3e gentlemen has out the best man, i.t may be a man of his own party. but some one been uttered on this floor. In fact, as I haYe listened to the of modest merit who has not made much noise in the campaign, speeches of the opponents of this law concerning the Civil Servic-e and if he acts against the wishes of the leading politicians of the Commissioners and their crimes the wonder has grown from district, when he comes to account to the people, where is t he what quarter of the globe, from what shore, such monsters of member of Congress going to be found? iniquity as these three men could have come. Mr. COOPER of Wisconsin. He will not be found at all. Again we have had paraded here that very ancient individual, [Laughter.J "Miss Nancy." Supporters of the law have been called "Miss Mr. McCALL. Why, he will be defeated. He will not be found 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 491 at all, as my friend here suggests. The trouble is that the mem whom we selected, and whose views we knew upon this question: ber of Congress does not exercise his own judgment. The ques treachery to the great party to which we belong, and which had tion as to who shall hold these offices is settled purely upon polit for a generation declared the same way-if to-day we falter in our ical grounds, and is decided in favor of the person having the support of this principle. · greatest political pull. Then the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. :Mr. Chairman, in the light of these facts, in the light of the decla HEPBURNl said that this method of appointment through the rations of our parties and of the positions of om· Presidents, I have members of Congress would tend to keep alive party spir:t and listened with a good deal of astonishment to the course of this party enthusiasm, which otherwise would die out. Well, that is debate. We have heard the old spoils system proclaimed here in very good in theory, but as a matter of fact it tends to produce all its pristine and original eorruption, and as vigorously as it was divisions in parties. ever pronounced or put in practice by Andrew Jackson. The Let us apply the theory for just a moment. Suppose since general mm-ement in our politics for the last twenty-five years President McKinley came into office the old system h ad been for the restoration of the ancient principles of our Government thoroughly applied. Suppose every Democrat had been turned and for a return to the practices of the founders of the Constitu out of the public service and a Republican had been put in his tion have been disregarded. The wide range of the debate makes place? Would this produce party enthusiasm? What effect would it n ecessary to revert not merely to these early teachings, but to this have upon the nineteen applicants for every office who did not some of the primary notions of popular government. When get that office? Would they be enthusiastic in the next campaign George Washington was put at the head of the Government there over their failure to get office? 'Why. certainly not. Then the may have been factions, but there were no parties, and it was one enthusia m of the party in power would be confined to men who of the public sorrows of that great man that he could not check held office; and the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. HEPBU&~], under the tendency, so certain and so inesistible in popular govern his theory, would expect them to take part in running the cam ments, to the formation of parties. paign and in managing the politics of the p eople. That is the John Acams succeeded to the office and the politic.al views of sort of "enthusiasm ' that the American people resent. Here George Wa3hington, and the fil'st appearance of political parties again the theory does not work very well in practice. in theh· full development was during his term. Thoma,s .Jefferson But if you want an object lesson, all you have to do is to visit was elected Pr ~s: dent after a contest as heated as any political countl'ies where what is called the merit system is applied, and contest we wage to-day. His friends demanded to be recognized you will find there that, although these nonpolitical office3 are with offices. They said that they had be2n excluded from the taken out of politics, party spirit rage3 high whenever there is a government, and they demanded that the incumbents of the offices great issue presented. I deny that the American people, in order should be removed and that they be put in their places. to get enthusiastic in a campaign, must hav-e held out before their Thomas Jefferson wrote-and I commend this to our Demo hope 100,000 or 20J,000 or any number of offices. cratic friends who make him the patron saint of their party-a That is a libel upon popular government. If it is a fact that we lette1· to Dr. Rush about three weeks after his inauguration, can not take an interest in public affairs and can not decide ques and he declared that his party should come in for the vacs.ncies tions in the way in which it has been thought best for a free peo that might occur until something like an equilibrium between the ple to decide them, upon their merits as public policies. then it parties should be restored, bnt that he would not create vacancies seems to me self-gove1·nment comes very near being a failure. for the purpose of filling them with his supporters. "Of the :Mr. Chairman, if there is any one principle that can bB consid thousands of officers, therefore," said he, "in the United States, a ered as established in our system by the faith of party platfmms, very few individuals, probably not twenty, will be removed, and it is that nonpolitical offices ought to be taken out of politics. those only for doing what they ought not to have done. I know The distinguished gentleman from Ohio [Mr. GROSVENOR] has that in stopping tbus snor t in the career of removals I shall give alluded to exceptional things which have crept into our platforms, great offense to many of my friends. That torrent will be press like the advocacy of woman suffrage, issues that have made a sin ing me heavily, lmtmymaxim is' Fiat justitia, ruatcrelum."' In gle appearance in national platforms, and he cites them as prece his eight years of office he made only thirty-nine r emovals. dents for disregarding· our pledges upon civil-service reform. In Madison's Administration there \\·ere but five removals, in What is the fact with reference to this reform? Our Republican Monroe's eight, and in John Quincy Adams'stwo. So that during convention in 1872 declared in as strong terms as it could possibly the firEt forty years of this Government, of men holding office there employ in favol' of reform in the civil service, and every national were removed only about sixty, all to~d , and a committee of this platform adopted by our party from that time until1896 has had House, which carefully investigated the facts, reported that dur substantially the same declaration. How has it been with regard ing these forty years not a siugle man was removed from office on to the platforms of the Democratic party? That party is usually account of his -political views. Then Jackson came in. He had a found lagging behind its great rival anywhere from a decade to a verbal record upon this question. No man had uttered more lofty generation; and yet we find that it is not much behind on this declarations against the evils of patronage th~n be. One of the question. In 1872 it declared that civil-service reform was vitally last things he did as Senator from Tennessee was to introduce an necessary in this country, and every platform adopted by that amendment to the Constitution prohibiting a second term to the partv from 1872 to 1896 has reiterated this declaration in even President, in order to avoid the misuse of the offices. He was more emphatic language. The platform of 1896 commended the finally elected after two very warm contests. His passions were m erit system. It was for the merit system as against filling these aroused. He was a man who believed a political enemy was a per minor political offices upon mere political considerations. It did sonal foe. He had plenty of bad and interested advisers, although declare against life tenure in holding office, but few believe in that. his hot zeal needed no kindling. H e made indiscriminate remov So I say that if anything can be regarded as settled in this als and looted the public ser vice in a way that has made him the country by the declaration of political parties, it is that the merit envy and despair of every spoilsman from that day to this. system is a fixture in our politics. The declaration in its favor is His course was condemned by the greatest and purest statesmen not one that has appeared in a single platform or in only two of both parties living at that time. Henry Clay condemned it. He platforms, but in all platforms adopted by both the great parties said that course followed od would destroy popular government in this country for the last generation, and any man who believes and establish a despotism. Daniel Webster condemned it. Cal in party faith, with these r epeated and reiterated declarations in houn condemned it, and it was not supported by any prominent its favor, must consider himself bound by them. man who is to·day known as a statesman. - But not merely the declarations of your platforms, but the posi Jackson's doctrine was as forcibly stated by Swartwout, of New tion of every man in the Presidency elected since the civil war York, as by l\1arcy. He declared soon after Jackson was elected has been in favor of the civil-service r efOl'm. General Grant that" no damned rascal who tr~ed to keep Adams in and .Jackson favored it. Garfield and Hayes advocated it. I myself, nearly ten out was entitled to the least mercy from that Administration years ago, in the city of Chicago, heard these words pronounced in mve that of hanging." Swartwout well mush·ated in his own the national Republican convention by one who has been chosen person the new system then inaugurated. He was made collector to the Presidency: of the port of New York and promptly p1·oceeded to make way The reform in the civil service, auspiciously begun under the Republican Adminish·ation, should be completed by the further exteusion of the reform not only with his own salary but with the public money of the system already established by law to all the grades of the service to whi::h Government. it is applicable. The spirit and purpose of the reform should be observed in The proscription put in practice by Jackson invited counter all Executive appointments, and all laws at variance with the ob.iect of ex istin$' reform legisl:ltion should be repealed, to the end that the clangers to proscription from the other party, so that as the Administrations free mstitutions which lurk in the power of official patronage may be wisely alternated from that time until the til!le of the civil war, each and effectually discontinued. Administration tried to get even with the one that had preceded I myself, in 1888, heard those words fall from the lips of Wil it. And yet au attempt was made by some Administrations to do liam McKinley. When you nominated him twoyearsagoasyour away with the spoils system. Daniel Webster was one of its con candidate for thG Presidency you knew precisely what his position spicuous opponents, and when he was Secretary of State he ad was. When we elected him upon the Republican platform we knew dressed a letter, dated l!Iarch 22, 1841, to Mr. St. Clair Clarke and precisely what his position was; there was no doubt as to that. other gentlemen, who were upon a commission which the Presi And I say that it would be a double treason-t1·eachery to the man dent had appointed to make certain inquiries in rega:r;d to the 492 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. JANUARY 10, serviee, in which he laid down these instructions for the guidance doubling of the number of employees and· a doubling of the of the commissioners. He said: amount of salaries. Mr. DINGLEY. Does the gentleman include the membera' If you have auy reason t.o suppose that anyone has been guilty of miscon duct, you will state .the charge to him and give him an opportunity to answer clerks? it, and will report no evidence of which the party shall not have had notice. Mr. McCALL. I did not include them. You will inqmre into no man's political opinions or preferences, but if it be Mr. PEARSON. Is not that the principal item of increase? alleged that any person having the power of employins- and dismis..

Mr. PEARSON. We claim that you shut both the front door Mr. McCALL. Well, I do not know where my friend gets his and the back door and shut Democrats on the inside. [Laughter.] figures, I am sure. Mr. McCALL. Well, now, Mr. Chairman, I will consider that Mr. PEARSON. I get them from the Public Printer. statement of thegentleman. I do not regard the career of Grover Mr. JOHNSON of Indiana. I want to ask the gentleman if the Cleveland with unmixed admiration, and even those who do must Public Printer's well-known prejudice in favor of the civil-service admit that he has displayed thrift as a reformer, and that he has law may not bias those figures? triumphantly restrained his apostolic zeal until very late in his Mr. PEARSON. The gentleman speaks so rapidly that I did term of service naugbter], and then has extended the rules-- not catch everything he said. Mr. PEARSON. \Ve agree with you there. Mr. JOHNSON of Indiana. Is it not highly probable that the Mr. McCALL. Has extended the rules when such extension well-known bias of the Public Printer in favor of the spirit and would not have the effect of hampering him, but might make his letter of the civil-service law might bias those figures, so that they successor good. But he was only in the Presidency two terms, are not entirely reliable? and he accomplisbed great work-for a reformer, he accomplished Mr. PEARSON. I suppose he is capable of speakingthe honest a great work in the way of equalizing the offices between the par truth, notwithstanding the fact that he is a Republican, and I ties. But suppose we stop to-day. Suppose we say, if we can know he has the right to have a desire to stand by his party and faii·ly stop this contest for the offices, we will let the old regime go his party friends. by. Let us see how the offices stand to-day in this country. There Mr .. JOHNSON of Indiana. I suppose the gentleman intended can be no doubt that in 1883, when this law went into effect, all that as an answer to my question. the national civil offices in the country were held by Republicans. Mr. McCALL. In order that I may conclude what I have to Then look at the extens:on of the rules. say, I will simply say with reference to this statement that, ad Take even the Government Printing Office, which Mr. Cleve mitting that there are only 400 Republicans in the Public Print land put under the civil-service rules, and with regard to which ing Office, which I am quite sure is a ridiculously low estimate, there has been so much declamation here. It appears that at the if you carry the computation through the different extensions time these rules were applied there were 1,200 appointees of Mr. you will still find that a majority of the offices in the clas3ified Palmer, Republican, and only· 800 appointees of Mr. Benedict, service are held by Republicans. Democrat. 'fhere were probably 50 per cent more Republicans Mr. Chairman, I was alluding to the civil service of England. than Democrats. Then trace through these different extensions It wa.s alleged against the reform there that no one but co1lege from time to time, and I venture to say that in the classified serv graduates would have an opportunity, the same allegation that ice to-day you will find at least 20 per cent, if not 30 per cent, we hear made in this country. Very early in the operation of more Republicans than Democrats. that law a classification was made of some 390 men who had pass£d Mr. PEARSON rose. the examination. Mr. McCALL. Now, if the gentleman will permit me to de It was found that of those 390 men a very large proportion velop my point (because he has led me away from the point of were the sons of tradesmen and artisans, classes that before that my argument), how are the people of this country divided polit time had been not very largely represented in the public service, ically? They are about equally divided. If we are going to cry classes representing the people, and that only 8 of those 390 were a halt upon using the public offices as spoils, we should cry a halt graduates of colleges. And with reference to those who passed when the offices are nearly equally divided between the two par the examinations under our own law, we find that over 80 per ties. But the Republican party to-day has not merely25 per cent cent were graduates of our public schools, and that only 10 per more than it:; share of the classified offices, but it has nearly cent had ever graduated from college. 100.000 of the unclassified offices which it can use as spoils. The gentleman from North Carolina, who always entertains the Mr. PEARSON. Will the gentleman refer to his authority for House-l refer to the colleague of my friend on my right-taunted that statement. the gentleman from Indiana with the statement that if the gen Mr. McCALL. Well, the authority for that statement rests in tleman from Indiana should go into one of the Departments the the whole list. clerks there would regard him very much as they would an ordi~ Mr. PEARSON. Just for a moment. How many of the 31,000 nary mortal-that there would be no sensation shown by the men tha,t Mr. Cleveland put in under that order alleged to have clerks at their desks when the gentleman from Indiana approached. been made on May G, but really made on January 12 following Now, I wondel'ed what it was that the gentleman from North how many of that 31,000 men and women are not Democrats? Carolina [Mr. LINNEY] desired. I suppose that it would be more The CHAIRMAN. The time of the gentleman from Massa~ in harmony with his idea of the simplicity of republican gov chusetts bas expired. ernment that the clerks of the Department, when a mighty Con~ Mr. McCALL. I should like a little extension. gressman should come near them, should proceed to grovel. Ml·. PEARSON. I am sorry to have been the cause of the gen [Laughter.] tleman not completing his argument. Mr. JOHNSON of Indiana. In behalf of the clerks of the Mr. JOHNSON of Indiana. I ask unanimous consent that the Departments, I will say, since my name has been suggested in that gentleman from Massachusetts be allowed to conclude his remarks. connection. that their behavior is not at all different now to the Mr. MOODY. Make a definite time. behavior With which I have always been treated outside of the Mr. McCALL. I will conclude inside of fifteen minutes. Departments. Mr. JOHNSON of Indiana. I ask, then, that the gentleman be .Mr. McCALL. Always as a gentleman. I simply desire to say allowed fifteen minutes in which to conclude his remarks. in regard to that that the gentleman from North Carolina, it The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Indiana asks unani~ seemed to me, in the extravagance of his satire, has shown one of mous consent that the gentleman from Massachusetts be allowed the benefits of this system. It shows that a man who holds a fifteen minutes additional. Is there objection? Government office is not of necessity, as James Madison said in There was no objection. regard to the effect of the tenure-of-office act, a sycophant of his Mr. McCALL. Now, M1·. Chairman, I will say in reply to the member of Congress or his Senator. The clerks of the Depart question of my friend from North Carolina [M1·. PEARSON] that ments are American citizens. Certainly they are the polilical if we proceed alone upon the basis that every branch of the serv equals, and in O(!casional instances they are the personal equals, ice which was included in tha successive Executive orders had at of members of Congress, and it seems to me it is a tribute in favor the time of the promulgation of each orde1· no one in it but those of this system that they can hold office and at the same time retain holding the politics of the President making tlle order, and if he their self-respect. [Applause.] will trace the successive steps, he will finu that probably a ma Mr. Chairman, there are a great many things which I desired jority of the men in the classified service to-day are Republicans. to call to the attention of the House to wbi:;h I shall not have an It is not a very long computation to make, and I would ask my opportunity to allude. If our letters are to be canied and ele~ friend to make it. vators run by officers who havo the political views of the party in I was saying that it was not a fact that the offices to which power, it seems to me that there is no reason why this idea should these different extensions applied were in every instance filled by not be extended to all the functions of government. There is men in sympathy with the President making the order. I money in the offices, but there is also money in contracts. Why instanced a particular department co~ cerning which there has should not our ships, when a Republican Administration is in been more criticism upon this floor than concerning any other power, be built by Republicans? Why are not Government' con department. That is the Public Printing Office. I instanced tracts as fail· a spoils for the party patriot? There is no logical that to show that there were more appointees of the Republican stopping place short of n. prostitution of all ends of government to Public Printer in it at that time than of the Democrat. the personal advantage of the people who happen at the time to Mr. PEARSON. I understand that at the present time there be in control. The one idea underlying it is simply this, that are about four or five hundred Republicans in the Public Printing government is an instrumentality by which one set of people are Office, and that about twenty-six hundred of those employees in enabled to plunder the rest of the people. the Public Printing Office are Democrats-about in that pro As my time is expiring, I will enumerate a few of the advantages portioil. of civil-service reform: In the first place, it secures a more efficient 494 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 10, and economical public service. In the next place, it gives to all I in taxation, t.ariff, finance, police, and every direction. It seems who desire to enter the service an equal opportunity through the unavoidable. open door of merit and takes away from the privileged few the The growth of offices has been such that to-day there is actually power to pay their political debts with places in the people's serv- in this country one United States officer for every 100 grown men. ice. It lessens the power of bossism and favoritism, already too After you take out the judiciary, officers of the Army and Navy, strong in this country. It dries up most fruitful sources of angry postmasters (which, being local, are left really to the will of the political contentions. locality), and mere laborers, there are still left 87,000 employees It takes away from Congressmen executive powers which they who must be appointed, but who are now shielded from the power have so long usurped and gives to them the time to perform the of political patronage by the civil-service law. dnties which are theirs under the Constitution and which they Now, that was not always so. As young as some of us are, we were elected to discharge. It pre::;erves the independence of the remember when it was not so. And we recall what took place, legislative branch of the Government, which is destroyed if mem- when hundreds and thousands of men went into the navy-yards bers of Congress and Senators are continually going to the White just before election, and went out just after election. We recall House and importuning the President for offices. I can show you the character of the appointments. It is true that those in Wash more than one instance where appointments have been made for ington and especially in the Treasury Department were carefully the purpose of pushing legislation through the two Houses of made and not confirmed unless appointees were fit to do their duty; Congress. And then it secures to popular elections their real dig- but how about the Indian agents, Western post-office agents and nity and value, by enabling the people to express their will in the inspectors-what sort were these? choice of political officers free from the corrupting influence of When it was a matter of political patronage, men were sent into hundreds of thousands of placemen on the one hand and hundreds the West and what corruption did you not afterwards hear of? It of thousands of place hunters on the other. was cheating Indians out of their food and cheating the country This is a question in which both sides of the House, aye, the in the carriage of mails. We all remember it and more. We re whole American people, are interested. The Democrats believe member that when a man got an office he was expected to work that they have vital principles, and that if the people can fairly for the party or to contribute to the campaign fund of the party, pass upon them they will pronounce in their favor, and that or both. If a poor man got an office, or a poor woman was fortu those policies and principles will be put in force for the benefit of nate enough to get one, both had to contribute to the political fund the country. We believe also in the policies and principles which of the party out of their salary, and the salaries paid by the Gov we advocate on this side. Let us then join hands and take away ernment were used for the protection of whatever party hap the corrupting influence of these thousands of nonpolitical offices, pened to be in power. and then the policies which you represent and the policies which We all know it. We kllow more. Divided among the districts, we represent can be submitted in the great constitutional forum the salaries through the United States would be 5300.000 to each and can be decided by a free and unbought expression of the will district every year. Ten per cent of that would be 830,000, and 5 of the American people. [Loud applause on the Republican side.] per cent $15,000. That is what some Congressmen want to control. Mr. COWHERD. Mr. Chairman, I do not want to enter into Yet we are told that we should return to the old system in order to any discussion of the merits or demerits of the civil-service sys- getridoftherichmeninCongress. Thatisnotall. Thereare2,000 tern, but simply ask for a moment or two to call attention of this men.employed in the New York custom-house. Their salariesare House to what I deem to be a violation of thecivil-service law and over $2,000,000, and these gentlemen want the control of the New regulations. The gentleman from Ohio (Mr. WARREN, I think York custom-house, with its patronage of 82,000,000 a year. it was) the other day, in talking about the law, and later some In 1881, by the contest between patronage and the President, other gentlemen, attacked it on the ground that they could not the great State of New York lost two Senators, one of them the remove the members of the pension boards of examining surgeons. Senator whom we looked up to as the incarnation of Republican Now, it is a fact, and I suppose it is known to nearly every strength. member of this House, that in many, if not all, of the large cities 1\Ir. BRUMM. Will the gentleman allow me a question? of the country where these boards are under the protection of the Mr. PARKER of New Jersey. Certainly. law a board No. 2 of examining surgeons has been appointed. Mr. BRUMM. You say that two Senators were lost by reason It is a fact that since the appointment of these boards no exami- of the conflict between the President and the patronage system. nations have been sent to boards No. 1 in any one of these cities. The question I want to ask is, would not that all be cured by your It is a further fact that these boards have been appointed without people voting as earnestly as you do for this measure for an any examination, without any recommendation from the Civil amendment to the Constitution giving the people the power to Service Commission, and this in plain and open violation of the elect the Senators? civil-service law. Mr. PARKER of New Jersey. I am not dealing with ifs and All I choose to say at this time is this: If this law is to remain possibilities, but with the Constitution as it is. Do not keep me on the statute books, then it, like every other law, ought to be en- away from the line of my argument with such a question as that. forced. And I take this occasion to call the attention of the House I am charging that the loss of the Senators from New York was to the fact that this is a plain, open, and intentional violation of due to the desire for patronage. the law. This, of course, could not be done without the knowl- The conflict which lost that State two of its Senators did more. edge of the Secretary of the Interior, who has control of it, and it It almost disrupted the United States. It caused a public excite seems to me that the President of the United States, if he means ment, in which a crank, disappointed in office seeking, shot down to stand by the message that he has sent to this House, should not the President. It was then that men of all parties resolved that wink at such a violation of the law as this. this system should come to an end. · Whatever may be the dissensions and divisions among the The blood of Garfield spoke to the people of the United States in members of this House on that side of the Chamber, surely the 1881, and within two years they had placed upon the statute books President can prevent members of his own official family from a law which said that the principle of civil service should be ex thus violating both the letter and the spirit of the law he has so tended even to the New York custom-house with its 2,000 em lately told us ha.s his unqualified approval. ployees, and that this system of political patronage, empl6yment Mr. PARKER of New Jersey. Mr. Chairman, this is a sub- by districts, should come to an end in favor of a merit svstem. ject which seems to me to be of too great public importance to Now, I am not going to say that the system which was adopted be tinged by any personal rancor. Let us look at the practi- has worked entirely well. I believe that the Presidents who issued cal facts. There are 87,000 offices under the civil-service law. their proclamations, although tardy, were in earnest. The man The proposition made to this House by many members, some of who has the responsibility of the Government of the United States one party and some of the other, is that these 87,000 employees, usually ends by being in earnest. I believe that the commission their salaries amounting to $100,000,000 a year, shall be placed ers were in earnest. The man who is now our Assistant Secretary under the control of Congress or other political district control. of the Navy and the man now at the head of the Civil Service The proposition can have no other meaning; short terms of Commission are thoroughly in earnest. I believe they were op office mean the same thing. It may be said that the power of ap- posed. Some gentlemen on our side did not then believe in this pointment is going back to the President, where the Constitution system. Many gentlemen on the other side were always against placed it; but the number of offices in this country is now so great it. The love of power is always against it. Most of the gen that the President can not make appointments to them all. tlemen on the other side of the House come to us now with a free Seventy-five postmasters were appointed by George Washington. offer: "Sweep this system away and we will take our chances of There a1·e 70,000 at the present time. The population of the coun- getting control of the offices of the United States." try has increased about twenty-five times, while the number of That is their offer. Gentlemen on this side of the House, do you postmasters has increased nearly one thousand times. And the want to take the wooden horse? Is it a system that will help or same increase has taken place in other branches of the Govern- hurt an honest party-that gives most power to the honest parti ment-in the Indian service, the Patent Office, the various san who tries to keep good men in office without taxation or to the branches of the Interior, the Library, the Treasury, the secret ringster who ta.kes money or services as he can get them? I ask service, and the customs service. It is an increase that has ac- you, will you put the Democratic saddle upon the Republican companied the modern extension of the powers of government horse? 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 495

I say this law had its enemies. They bored holes in it. The strengthening the service. make the mistake of their lives. I law says that after an examination the offices shall be filled by believe they forget history that is yet fresh in their memories selection according to grade from the highest on the list; but instead and in their own expe1•ience. I believe that they are trying to of filling them by selection according to grade from the highest on replace in themselves a power of appointment, which was never the list-which means that in making the selection they should given to them by tho Constitution or intended to be given to first take No.1, then No.2, then No. 3-they filled them by nomi members of a legislature. nating three persons and allowing the head of the Department to I believe that they unintentionally urge a course that would select which one he pleased from those three-perhaps for politi corrupt the springs of politics, that they run the risk of making calreasons. I am told that sometimes in the Treasury Department this body a body of place hunters and place rulers instead of a successive lists of three have been rejected until they got to the body of statesmen. I believe they weaken the sinews of any hon name that they wanted. est party, be it Republican or Democratic, and that they strengthen Again, the law says that promotion shall be from one step to the power of the forces of evil, be they called Republican or Dem another and upon examination. But instead of having a competi ocratic, Tammany or Bryanist, the forces that seek not to make tive examination to test each man's work, and abilities, they laws, but to get offices. [Applause.] have had a mere pass examination. It is easy enough, if I walk Mr. SULLOWAY. Mr. Chairman, the bombardment that the from one of these rows of seats to another, and another, and then civil-service law and the Civil Service Commission have received another, to pass the whole line. Men were promoted by grade to the from the brains in this House leads me to query whether be who chief positions, their fellows being hopped over. For instance, a interferes with the remains at this late hour in the discussion will man would enter as a laborer without an examination. and then not be liable to prosecution under the statute which prohibits would jump through the remaining grades like a man at·checkers, cruelty to animals. [Laughter.] The hypocrisy and iniquity of until he landed as king in the last row. this commission have been thoroughly exposed, and the duty that I That is the way the party in power dealt with the civil-service have to perform is a very simple one, one that is usually assigned law. And then they delayed its application to various depart to kids in the section of country from which I come, namely, rak ments, and meanwhile, as we are told, they turned out old soldiers, ing after the cart. tm'Iled out people who were in, and then, after putting in others, To avoid repeating what has been said by others so much better put the shield of the law over them. There were continual viola than I could possibly say it, and to bridle my tongue, lest, if I tions of law-a disposition not to abide by it. Can a party which should undertake to descdbe this commission and the iniquities thus cheats the law be trusted with its execution? Look at the vic that it has perpetrated under that law, in the words of the present tory of Tammany in the city of New York; look at the wholesale Assistant Secretary of the Navy, my utterances might be unfit to removals of everybody up to boards of education that have already print, I am going to attempt, for the first time in my life, to talk taken place in that city since January 1. from notes. It may be a failure, but I do not know of any better I do not say this to accuse those who are opposed to me. There place on earth to fail than right here. [Laughter.] If opposition has been too much abuse in this debate. I only say that those to the methods by which appointments are made to the civil serv who propose the repeal of this law are those who know their ice, and opposition to the civil-service law itself, make a man a business and believe that the repeal will give them a bigger prize spoilsman, then I am a spoilsman, without any mental reservation to clutch in case of victory at the polls and more to fight for. or evasion whatsoever. fApplause.] Under the doctrine of patronage the "outs" always have the If during my remarks may chance to refer to my civil-service advantage over the "ins," because the "ins," out of mere decency, friends by calling them pet names it will be in a kindly, loving, must reappoint, while the "outs" go in to get the game. and Christian spirit, friendly like that which prompts them to Mr. BRUMM. May I ask the gentleman a question? call me a "spoilsman." I shall do it to distinguish them from the Mr. PARKER of New Jersey. I have very little time left, but common herd, of which I am one, and dignify and class them as if the gentleman will ask his question promptly, let him go ahead. their rank and contentions demand. [Laughter.] Mr. BRUMM. The gentleman has spoken of the rule of Tam I believe the Government belongs to its friends. It should be many and its results. I want to ask him whether the mugwumps managed and operated by its friends in every department. [Ap of New York are not more responsible for the Tammany victory plause.] They who are responsible and accountable for results, than all other parties put together? And this civil-service hum and they only, should participate in working out results. bug was their great principle. I am proud to be known as a spoilsman, and still prouder of Mr. PARKER of New Jersey. I accuse nobody. But I do not the fact that the party to which I belong has within its ranks men think splits in parties are good things. What I wish to say is this, qualified and worthy to till every position in every department of that instead of political patronage givingstrength to a party, it is our Government. the 1·ock upon which parties split. It is the rock upon which par I believe it is the duty of an Administration to prefer its friends ties in the city of New York have split. always, at all times, to its enemies, for each and every position in Mr. BRUMM. Nobody but the mugwumps split upon it. its power to fill. Men who think alike should work together. It Mr. PARKER of New Jersey. It is the rock upon which par o rves its existence to the labors and efforts of its friends; they won ties in other States of this country seem to have split. It is for it all the patronage at its disposal. Only baseness and in the rock on which Garfield's Administration split and which gratitude could induce action that should take from the victors later brought in a Democratic Administration. Patronage is not the fruits they won and distribute them among their foes. He to be trusted as the strength of a party. Political patronage-the who attempts it will lose the confidence and respect of those who right to administer in each district 5300,000 worth of annual sal gave him the position he occupies, be it high or low. [Applause.] aries, and, if need be, to displace 250 men, is a power that does I am in favor of the immediate and unconditional repea.l of the not and ought not to belong to members of a legislature. It is civil-service law. [Applause.l It was conceived in iniquity and arbitrary power which belongs neither to the members of Con born of hypocrisy, has been administered infamously, and is sus gress nor to the President nor to the whole nation. The nation tained by cowardice and demagogy. It has been construed in has to be governed bylaw. . The power of patronage is corrupting. a manner never dreamed of by its authors, and enlarged by des I have compared the Departments and their reputation in the potic orders without a shadow of authority in law, until it is old days with what it is now. Let gentlemen answer-do not our hated, despised, loathed, and execrated by the intelligent people Departments hold a hlgher reputation for honesty than they did of this country, almost universally, regardless of party affiliations in the days of Credit Mobilier? I ask you, even in the few years or views entertained on all other subjects. [Applause.] since so many offices have been put under the control of the civil It is un-American, unrepublican, antagonistic to all the his service, if the general tone of Congress has not improved, I can tory and traditions of om· party. The construction given to it by say for myself that whatever I may formerly have heard of Con those in power, the methods which it tolerates, and the results it gress, I am now proud of my associates, and I know not one produces outrage the sentiments and feelings of all men who be whom I will not trust. lieve in a republican form of government by and for the people. But I do not trust human nature. Given the case that the It denies to the active, efficient, worthy, and competent patri President has to appoint without rule, and he will appoint on the otic citizen all opportunity to participate as an agent or servant in recommendation of his friend from that district. Given that the employ of the Government. power of appointment, that power of political patronage which It builds up an aristocracy of officeholders with life tenure now exists as to post-offices-although I do not know that in that unless ti·ansferred to the penitentiary, who, experience has shown, case it does any particular harm, because post-offices are local are totally unfit for the positions they occupy; generally selected given that power, and it is too much temptation for human na because they lack capacity to earn a livelihood in competition with ture. The man who has that power of recommendation can not their fellows, and are pensioned onto the Government to be cared, help using it for political purposes. He can not help wanting to for through life, as barnacles attach themselves to a ship, not having remove the man who is useless to him, whether he is good for the energy and capacity enough to move with their own unaided Government or not. efforts. [Laughter.] Only one sentence mo;e. I believe that these men who so rashly I am for the repeal of this law because I believe the public weal taJk of abolishing the merit system, instead of improving and demands it, because I see no other way in which the many thousand 496 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-H-OUSE. JANUARY 10, worthless drones and good-for-nothing employees in the public that they could induce anybody else to believe that they had such service, who render no adequate service for the money they are articles as souls. Why, my friends, think of attending a mort drawing from the Treasury, can be got rid of. gagee sale of a mugwump's soul. What under heaven would the I know of no way, so long as this nuisanCe act remains in force auctioneer describe it to be? fLaughter.l n.aughter], by which faithful, active, competent men, such as the I think the gentleman from fowa [Mr. IlEPBURN] struck the key :Rupublican party has always when in power given to the civil note to the situation when he said, in substance-I will nt>t quote service, can get there until this mother of deadbeats is w]ped out, that the name given to the system, "merit system," and so often and meritorious, deserving men enter into the places now occupied repeated, has led some people who are not familiar with the man by the litter hatched, almost always from bad eggs. [Laughter.] ner appointments are made to think there may be merit in it. We owe it to ourselves, our friends, and the country. The good I do not think the shallow, cheap humbuggery, the hypocrisy, name of our party and its past history demand it. Republicans and deceitfulness of these charlatans has ever been exposed. everywhere are expecting it; they demand immediate action. Mankind almost universally abhors them, and ignores them' and Every hour that we permit the unjust and iniquitous orders of their teachings as unclean things. Here and there an editor, Grover Cleveland to remain in force unrevoked when we have the whose principal subsistence comes from blackmail, gives them a power to wipe them out, 10,000 steam shovels are digging the passing notice, and another class of editors, always hostile to the grave of the Republican party. [Applause.] And every man Republican party, but powerless to injure it, m·ge the Adminis who has any conception of the sentiment and feelings of the voters tration and party to continue on the line of civil service, knowing of this country knows it, if he is so constituted that he can know that such action means suicide. anything. [Laughter.] . These eunuchs in politics pretend to desire to improve the pel' For one, I am unwilling that our party shall be sacrificed and sonnel of the service, and therefore insist that all who are out of led to the slaughter by a few mugwumps who belong to no party, the service shall pass an examination which shall evidence their are deadly parasites upon any to which they attach themselves. literary ability and educational fitness, measured by a standard [Applause:] The Democrats havenoquartersforthem; we ought fixed by these squawmen in politics, as a test of qualification for not to have. Let them camp out this winter. the position desired, which, if passed successfully, entitles the If they have no quarters, I will wire some farmer in my district applicant to a position for life, and gives him priority over all to send a hay cap that will inclose ample space for them all, and other American citizens solely because he has a certificate from a if they have no provisions, I will ask him to ship a farrow cow. committee of mugwumps. She will afford all the nourishment they can use, and they will Nothing more js required. Nothing could better illustrate the have milk to sell instead of offices to distribute. It will make a hypocrisy and cheap deception of these men than the fact that all slight change in their· occupation. [Laughter.] I have no sym examinations end just where there is need of education or peculiar pathy whatever with those who apologize for the original enact training and experience. I will, by permission, insert in the REc ment because, as they say, its authors understood that it could at ORD at this point in my remarks an exact copy of what is required most apply to but a few in number; that is no justification. It of an applicantforeachandeveryoneof thepositiousnamed; what was absolutely wrong in principle, whether it was jntended to be the examination is that is expected to demonstrate his ability, or applied to ten or ten thousand officeholders. [Applause.] lack of ability, to fill the positions or any one of them named. It The evil results might be mitigated by lessening the number of is exactly the same for each and every one of the occupations, 1m beneficiaries under the act; but so long as one employee of the Gov less I have noted wherein it differs. ernment in any single Department to which this statute is appli .Adjuste1·s, mint and assay service. cable is' given a life tenure, and millions of citizens excluded therefrom, whose capacity and ability are equal and supel'ior to Subjects. Weights. his-can by a mere order of a President like Cleveland, who, when he issued some of the decrees, blanketing in for life his friends and excluding all other men, had not supporters enough to elect a Per cent. L Spelling: Twenty simple words in ordinary use .------·------·- 20 moderator in a single school district meeting in the United States 2. Arithmetic: Embraces simple tests in addition, subtraction, mul so long, I say, as there remains on our statutes a law that per tiplication, division, and United States money---·-- __ ·------· 20 mits such gross injustice to our constituents, which deprives the 3. Letter writing: Lett-er of not less than 100 words to be written on given general to~ic, to test competitor's knowledge of sim- worthy and meritorious of all opportunity to participate as em ple English composition and general intelligence. ______20 ployees in the service of the Government, so long will Congress be 4. Penmanship: Markedonlegibility,nea.tne s,andgenera.la.ppear· guilty, and must stand adjudged guilty, of the crime, as I view it, ance ------·------·------20 of attempting to revolutionize this Government, deprive the citi 5. c~E~;ffu~~·~l~~~C:lit!~~-~~-~~~~-~~~~t-~~-~~~~-~~-~~-~~~i~-~ - 20 zens thereof of the rights enjoyed by them from its foundation; and, aping English lords and nobles, build up a so-called aiistoc 100 racy of officeholders, who as a rule have not brains, energy, or capacity enough to earn a living in competition with those who Adjusten; and reviewers, mint and a.ssay service. are excluded from employment in the Government service. Annealer, mint and assay service. If it is thought best to make the Departments of the Govern Apprentice, departmental service. ment in the city homes, hospitals, and asylums for such as are Assistant dam tender, engineer service. now here under the merit system, so called, in the ·name of God Assistant engineers, mint and assay service. and humanity I ask that once in four years the unfortunates who Assistant in acid room, mint and assay service. are outside the breastworks and off the pay roll may have an op Assistant melter, mint and assay service. portunity to compete with those on the inside and on the pay roll As.sistant torpedo-station keeper. by being examined by disinterested, competent persons other than Attendant, customs service. mugwumps, for it may happen in the chapter of accidents or Attendant, Government Hospital for the Insane. providence of God that 8ome outside may be found more useless, Blacksmith. worthless, and shiftless than some one on the inside, and if that Boatman. be so, he ought to be recognized and crowned as winner and his Bookbinder. name placed on the pay roll under the merit system. Bullion sampler. Let us act as becomes broad-gauge statesmen on this great ques Capt-ain of the watch, mint and assay service, tion, affecting as it does the rights of our constituents, and if ''by Carpenters, mint and assay service. our works we are to be known," let whoever looks at one of the Classified laborer, customs service. specimens I have described, in any bureau or department of the Classified laborer, subtreasury service. Government, think as he admiTes him that he won the position Classified workmen, mint and assay servic-e. that he occupies through the merit syr:;tem; that the vulgar influ Cleaner, mint and assay service. ence of a spoilsman contributed not one little bit in elevating him Conductors, mint and assay service. to the proud position of a salary grabber in his country's hospital. Counter, Government Printing Office. There was nothing in his borning. nothing that he had ever Custodian, engineer service. done or will do. He played fair, dealt squarely, and won it Cutter, mint and a-ssay service. through the merit ystem as the most useless, worthless, and Electrotype molder, Government Printing Office. good-for-nothing individual under the American flag for any Elevator conductor, departmental service. bruriness purpo es. Elevator conductor, engineer service. No educational test re- The gentleman from Indiana [Mr. JoHNSON] gave a reason quired. for continuing this law or a similar one that I never had heard Employees in sweep cellar, mint and assay service. suggested befoTe. He says such a law is necessary in order to pre Engineer, in subtreasury. vent men from mortgaging their souls for place. Well, I knew Engineers, mint and assay service. that these mugwumps would do anything for place. I knew they Dam tender, engineer service. would sell their· voice, their influence. I had heard it said they Deposit melter , mint and assay service." would sell th~ir votes. I never knew before that it was possible Detectives, subtreasury service. 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 497

Feeder, Government Printing Office. Mr. Procter says, "How many fingers on that hand?" "Four." Fine-gold melter, mint service. "Right." And Mr. Procter's eyes begin to sparkle. Now, be says, Fireman, mint service. " I inclose two of them, how many of them are there left?'' '' Two." Fireman, ordnance service. No test required. "Correct." Then, turning to his associate commissioners, he says, Folder, Government Printing Office. ''Give this man a certificate to go into the Government ser vice Foreman, customs service. for life, as a farrier. He has displayed excellent qualities for Fort keeper, engineer service. shoeing a kicking mule." [LaughteT.] There is still another Gas fitter, mint. test. He must be able to count United States money. Gate keeper, mint. Well, Mr. Procter lays down a dime and a cart-wheel dollar. Gold boiler, mint. He says, ' ' My friend, the Government of the United States has Gold melter, mint. metallic money. One of these pieces is a 10-cent piece and the Laboratory helper, m4lt. other is a cart-wheel dollar. Which is the cart-wheel dollar? 11 Light keeper, engineer service. The candidate answers correctly, and then Mr. Procter says, ''We Knife grinder. No educational test required. Age, between 25 have paper money, several varieties of it. Here are two samples. and 4.5. I have here now a piece of Continental money and a greenback. Janitor, customs service. Tell me which is the greenback." He tells him, and :M:r. Procter Janitor, subtreasury. says, "Give this gentleman a certificate to go into the service for Inspectress, customs service. life as a detective in a subtreasury," which is one of the places Machinist, mint and assay service. for which this examination is made. Marine engineer, Marine-Hospital Service. Then he is obliged to w1·ite ''with his own hand." His best girl Messenger, customs service. Excepted from this formula. or his wife can not help him out. Mter the gentleman applicant Messenger, departmental service. writes, Mr. Procter looks at it and says: "Look at the line of Messenger, internal-revenue service. Must understand elemen- beauty in that capital; give this applicant a certificate for dam tary physics. tender for life," and sends him. into the service. Looking over the Trackman, engineer service. writing a little further, he says, '"'He is also competent for knife Valve tender, engineer service. grinder; certify him for a knife grinder foT life. And if the dam Watchman, customs service. gets away he will not be ont of a job." ~ Watchman, departmental service. The parrot, educated pig, or 10-year-old boy that can spell twenty Vitrioler, Ordnance Department. Must be free from physical simple words, or a part of twenty, can add, subtract, multiply, and defects; no test. divide (a simple test),.and can count United States money-mark Watchman, engineer service. No educational test required. the last qualification; that is to preyent his mugWu.mp brother Watchman, subtreasury service. from robbing him when he is paid off-a very wise provision which Helper, assayer's department. evidences the tender solicitude of the commiss~oners for the pro Helper, Government Printing Office. tection of these superior but inexperienced squawmen who never Stereotyper, Government Printing Office. earned or handled any United States nioney until they became pen Superintendent of building, subtreasury service. sioners of the United States nnuer civil-service rnles. The ridicu Roller, mint and assay service. lousness of this examination, to pass which gives the candidate a Silver reducer, mint and assay service. life tenure in office as a superior being, is enough to make a sphinx Skilled laborer, departmental service. laugh itself hoarse with hiccoughs. He who was nimble of foot Skilled workman, assayer's department. and got where he could endure the crucial test first wins not exactly Messenger boy, Ordnance Department. Absence of physical de- an 4runortal crown, but a position for life, to the exclusion of all fect gives rating of 100 per cent; a perfect anatomy is required. other Americans, because of his superior qualifications. This is Messenger boy, departmental service. _ christened by the political eunuch who invented it "the merit Messenger-janitor, engineer service. system., .. Messenger, mint and assay service. What a libel on our 10-year-old schoolboys! What an insult to Messenger, subtreasury service. some thousand colored boys in this District to-day. .An outra Millwright, mint and assay service. geous, infamous, hypocritical, deceitful attempt to impose upori Millwright, Ordnance Department. No educational test; per- the people an aristocracy of officeholders with life tenure, and fect anatomy required. exclude the bright, active, worthy, and deserving men and women Night inspector, customs service. from participating in the a-dministering of the offices of this Gov Numberer, Government Printing Office. ernment. Oiler, mint and assay service. The matchless idiocy that presumes that any body of men can pre Opener and packer, customs service. scribe a formulae by which they can examine and judge of a man's - Painter,engineerservice. No educational test; perfectanatomy fitness for one in every hundred of the places that are filled by _required. appointment is too ridiculous to merit consideration. Eve1·y man Painter, mint and assay service. of average intelligence knows that experience alone tests a man's Overseer receiving $900 or less, engineer service. Perfect anat capacity for any position. There are many educated fools that omy is required (discount for defects, such as wens and warts, can spell "cow,"that do not know how to milk. [Laughter.] _I suppose). There are men who can pass the examination I have de_scribed Plumber, mint and assay service. for detectives who would steal postage stamps. Plumber, Ordnance Department. . No educational test;. perfect There are experienced, gifted men in every avocation of life anatomy required. who are superior in their line who could not account for the spots Porter, customs service. on the sun any better than they could for the ign.Ol'ance of the Pressman, Government Printing Office. examining board before whom they are being examined on sub Printer, Ordnance Department. No educational test; must jects- entirely foreign to their line of business. I have heard it said bank on his anatomy. that somewhere in the South a bright colored boy was being ex _ Printer's assistant, Bureau of Engraving and Printing. amined for a position as letter carrier. The first question asked Prover, mint and assay service. him was, "How far. is it from the earth to the moon?" He ex . They always tell us that they are laboring to perpetuate this claimed," My God, massa, if you are going to put me on that system in order to help the poor farmer boy on the hillside. I rol}.te I \vill withdraw," took his hat, and left. know all about the poor farmer boy on the hillside, for I was one. Many of the writers on agriculture who know all about the I was poor then, and have held my own admirably in that respect properties of the soil, are familiar with all that is known of chem aver since. I could sympathize with all that if there was any isti·y and fertilizers, can tell exactly what constitutes a potato, thing in it. Now, in these examinations there is one test, the ·kernel of corn, a grain. of wheat, or a head of cabbage, would spelling of twenty simple words in ordinary use around the farm. perhaps starve if they had only what with their own hands they Are they such words as "man," "hen,"" dog," "cat," "cow?" could raise to feed upon. No, they are not EO hard as that, for there is an inspector in the One of the best lawyers that I ever met 1.--n.ewso little of human service under this law at one of the stock yards who, every time nat-a.re that he could seldom win a verdict at the hands of a jury. he makes his report to the Commissioner of Agriculture soells cow I fear he would have starved had he been forced to live on the and car with a "k." [Laughter.] . - amounts that he won in verdicts. - No doubt he is a competent man who can tell when a. cow has Let us follow one of these who has credentials for an office for the horn ail or pleuro-pneumonia, but it shows the shallow hum life in his pocket. There are still some thorns in the pathway of buggery, the imposition, and the fraud that they attempt to prac this gi~nt intellect of the nineteenth century. tice upon the American people by this formula of examination8. He will enter upon the discharge of the duties of the office It embraces simple tests in addition and subtraction. I fancy a which the soul-tearing examination referred to has evidenced his man coming up to Mr. Procter, the chairman, to be examined. capacity to fill when the hearse takes away from the Department XXXI-32 498 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. J.ANU.ARY 10,

the remains of one discharged by Providence, in violation of the implacable enemies, open and defiant., ready at all times, by all ru1es and regulations of the civil service, without preferring means, to contribute what they can to make it a failure and odious charges. [Laughter and applause.] to the people. The presence of such in any bureau or department In his anxiety to become an officeholder, not like spoilsmen are, of the G-overnment to-day is an injustice to the millions of men but under the merit system, he thanks God that Providence is who made this Administration and are of right entitled to these not yet under civil-service regulations. [Laughter.] positions. But there are some traces of humanity left in him yet; he has To such proportions has this matchless fraud obtained that been partially born again, but he still hankers after what spoilsmen those who are responsible in some degree to the people for results are willing to secure for those who were loyal to their party and in their Department have spoken, and already there has come to convictions. He has submitted to the examination prescribed by us through the public press, from the Assistant Secretary of the these wise men, who assured him that they were experienced, ex Treasury of the United States, the proposition or suggestion that pert midwives, who had attended professionally nearly 100,000 we eliminate from those relied upon for actual service sixty or cases, every one of which was born alive, and their names were to seYentyof thesegood-for-nothing, useless, and other superannuated be found in their books born ont from among the common herd fossils by pemdoning them at 8900 per year each for life, and into the exalted companionship of those who preach the merit thereby make room for men who can and will rendei· some service system and hold office by appointment. Aided by the experienced to the Government. accoucheurs, he has made every effort in his power to corkscrew · It will cost $63,000 a year to support these now on hand, first himself out of the womb of politics and away from vile men of invoice under the merit system, in one Department of the Govern the world who are known as politicians and make Administrations ment, who are so useless and worthless in the service that the and wipe them out when tha public weal demands it. Assistant Secretary of the Treasury suggested this met hod of get He has been vaccinated with mugwump virus for an office, by ting rid of them as a matter of economy, I suppose, notwithstand appointment, on the merit-system plan; so he sits at the gate with ing the great burden that will be imposed upon us by so doing. the Lazzaroni in politics, watches for the hearse, and wonders if He thinks it better. and I presume cheaper, than existing condi a mugwump will ever die. [Laughter..] tions. His suggestion was most timely, and called the attention He waits long, his hopes constantly failing, his faith growing of the country to the fruits which the so-called merit system has smaller, as he thinks if it be true that death really loves a shining already borne. mark that he will never follow the track of a mugwump or squaw It is the logical and inevitable result of such a practice, and was man in politics. [Laughter.] advocated by George W. Curtis in his communication to General If heaven, like earth, abhors monstrosities, what use cou1d death Grant on the subject of civil service, and is the bed-rock position make of such a specimen, unless a single one might be desired to of allj honest advocates of a genuine civil-service system, and ob exhibit to Washington, Jefferson, Jackson, Lincoln, and Grant, tains wherever that system is practiced . . It js the creature of that they might congratulate themselves that they made their monarchical and despotic government, devised and designed to escape from this planet before this species of parasite attached keep official position out of the hands and control of the people. themselves to any political party in the United States? It is the most dangerous foe that has ever yet threatened our demo A party that permits it is doomed in this world. I do not know cratic form of government, and unless it is destroyed will insidi what may be the fate of such in the next. This I do know: If our ously rob this people of the liberty they have heretofore possessed Civil Service Commission goes into business over there, and St. and the power to select and elect their officials and rulers. Peter should call on them for bookkeepers, gate tenders, detect In a short time, if we continue to increase the number of those ives of treasury, night watchmen to patrol the golden streets, having life tenure in office, as bas been done the past two years, heaters, and melters, and they presented themselves du1y certified there will be a vast army of 200,000 or more drawing annually as competent for the position, the old saint would exclaim, "My many millions from the Treasury of our country, beyond the reach God, I have not seen such a gang as this since the day I was cru of our people in power to remove, who will dictate to or defeat cified. [Great laughter and applause.] I am not certain but legislators and rule over those who are rulers to-day. I warn my these were there-some of them." countrymen, and especially those of my party, that if you consent He had once met a eunuch who wanted to be baptized; he had to ~he encroachment upon and curtailment of the rights our people never before been surrounded with such a bevy of eunuchs, each enJOY we shall be torn and scattered by a cyclone of public indig wanting an office, and expecting to obtain it on such cred~ntia.ls nation, born of justice and love of liberty. as those presented to him. [Laughter.] These appointees have a life tenure, and are subject to removal These drillmasters of Providence and opponents of spoilsmen only after charges are preferred and a hearing is had. Neither methods, when any other than their strikers are candidates for sickness nor old age constitute an offense or crime, and therefore position, evidence to the world most beautifully that they are hypo are not a cause for removal. It must be remembered that there crites and Pharisees by indorsing and sustaining the action of that are seven other Departments of the Government stuffed and padded matchless spoilsman, Grover Cleveland, who, when nearing the with similar incompetent employees, who r.9nder no beneficial end of his Administration, scorned to make any discrimination be service, and are a hindrance rather than help. tween his supporters and gave to every one an office, some 50,000, So we must multiply $63,000 by 7, and we have nearly half a blanketed them in for life, and went out of office leaving a few, million dollars as the amount required annually to pP-nsion off and only a few, places unfilled with his henchmen, not because he de get rid of worthless and incompetent employees now in the De sired to do so, but for the reason that he had not quite friends partments under the deceitful name of merit system. enough to go round. That is not all, the gentlemen who are running the incubator These wet and dry nurses of the merit system [laughter] when that hatches such worthless ducks [laughter], known in the ver they oppose the repeal of a law under which so great an outrage nacular of squawmen as the Civil Service Commission, wants upon the rights of all other American citizens was perpetrated about $100,000 more to keep the machine in gear for the next year, stand before the world with these words emblazoned upon their making some $600,000 that we should appropriate for the current foreheads, ''Hypocrites" and ''Pharisees," to be t·ead by all men year, not to make more efficient the service that we are to have, who see them and known by all men who hear of them. but to care for the hatchery and support the worthless beats, bar Who are these pensioners for life upon t he Government under nacles, and fossils [laughter] who render no adequate service for what our squaw-men friends are pleased to call the merit system? the money they receive, that the so-called merit system has already Are they experts in any business? Are they capable of performing burdened us with. [Laughter and applause.] any service? I believe it has debauched the public service; that there is not a What have they, or any of them, ever done that endears them, to Department of the Government in this city to-day that is as effi the exclusion of all other men, to these mugwumps-charlatans? cient, as intelligent, or has the capacity to render t hree-fourths One thing, and that only. They grabbed an office for life, and as much intelligent service as was obtained under the system that commends them to the admiration of these eunuchs in poli practiced under Washington, Jefferson, Jackson, Lincoln, and tics, office by appointment and office for life being the only aim Grant. and ambition that a half-breed in politics ever had. No one of I believe the Departments, some of them at least, are hives in them was ever elected, or could be, hogreeve on such an issue. which drones are housed and fed-large colonies of drones. The American people have some self-respect. Competent, intelligent, and faithful employees during Cleve It is a notorious fact, well known to all men to-day, that under land's last Administration were singled out and discharged, or the so-called merit system the Departments are filled, honey were reduced and obliged to resign, and incompetent persons, combed, with worthless, useless, inefficient, and good-for-nothing ward strikers, political tricksters, and heelers pensioned on t he employees, who are an actual hindrance to the proper performance Government for life under the merit system. of the public business. I believe I am stating facts, and those who have had experience They are absolutely destitute of capacity and ability to render under both systems know my statements are:true. any adequate service to the Government, upon which they have These are . the penalties we are paying because we abandoned been pensioned for life as superior beings, selected by the test re the wise and patriotic policy that obtained from Washington to quired to be used under the merit system. They have no sym Grant, inclusive, and followed some jaek-o'-lantern statesmen, pathy with the aims and objects of the present Administration, no one of whom ever yet has given a reason why this theory would 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECO~D-HOUSE. 499

work in practice half as substantial as Cotton Mather gave some rendered which was an adequate consideration for the compensa· years ago in Massachusetts for hanging one woman because an tion that he or she received. He must exhibit fruits and results, other called her a witch. fLaughter.] or get, and give place to one ready to produce such. I am not certain butthatthemugwump descended from Mather. He was dependent; the creature of this bastard merit system is I think there are a few specimens in Massachusetts now. absolutely independent. From $72 to $144 per year is regarded as a liberal pension by He has won a position for life by spelling dog and cat. He mugwump editors and statesmen to soldiers who slept on the has evidenced his mathematical superiority over the rest of man ground in storms and mud, in snow and rain, were roasted and kind by counting the four fingers on one hand. He has satisfied frozen, lived on salt hog or horse, and in prisons on dogs, cats, and the Civil Service Commission that if two were cut off he would rats, were shot and sabered until health and comfort in life were still have two left. [Laughter.] forever destroyed. He has copied "with his own hand" several words. He has They received $13 per month for being shot at. But to the per evidenced his familiarity with United States money by telling sons who sit in a Department of the Government never more which was a dime and which a cart-wheel dollar in silver; and than eight hours a day for not more than two-thirds of the days when asked to look at some Continental money and a greenback in a year and received on an average $1,500 a year-they are to be and tell which the greenback was, he pointed to the greenback and pensioned at $900. [Applause.] was complimented by the commissioners for his m atchless sagac You pension the old soldier at from $6 to $12 per month; the ity. [Laug}lter.] worthless mugwump at never less than $75, as now suggested. He has a certainty. Administrations may come and go, parties I said that under the "merit system" during Cleveland's last may rise and fall, floods, earthquakes, pestilence, and famine may Administration the worthy and best were discharged from the scourge mankind; he is still there.. [Laughter.] service, or their salaries reduced, and they obliged to resign, and He adjusts his anatomy to an easy-chair, places his feet upon their places filled with his strikers. Following is a list of remov the desk, takes a chew of fine-cut tobacco, and thanks God for the als and resignations and the number appointed during the time Civil Service Commission and that he is not like other men. To covered by the reports of his Secretaries: him the future is secure. Under Mr. GROSVENOR'S resolutions, ex-Secretary Carlisle re Who are they who have clamored the loudest for the applica ported to the House January 11, 1897, that from March 3, 1893, to tion of civil-service regulations, or the merit system, as they are October 31, 1896, he had removed 1,123 persons in the Treasury pleased to call it for deceitful and hypocritical purposes? Are Department, had reduced 418, that 669 had t·esigned, that 1,615 they not the enemies of the R epublican party, and, in fact, of all had been promoted, and 1,870 appointed. .Among those removed parties? They, prating their own virtues, denounce Washington, were 169 ex-Union soldiers. That is about as good a record as Jefferson, Jackson, Lincoln, and Grant as spoilsmen. Why? Be would have been made under the "spoils" system. cause, when elevated to the highest position in governmental · The ex-Secretary of the Interior reported to the House January affairs by the votes of men who believed as they did, their sense 9, 1897, that between March 4, 1893, and the date of his report of honor, of duty, and decency impelled them to act with loyalty there had been in his Department 415 removals, 541 resignations, toward those who placed them in the exalted position which they 668 reductions, 1,029 appointments, and 1,567 promotions. Here occupied, instead of excluding them from employment in the Gov we have 956 resignations and removals, and there were only 325 ernment service and filling the positions with their political foes, reinstatements, leaving net 631 removed or forced to resign. Of thereby giving aid and comfort to their enemies. the removals and resignations 305 were ex-Union soldiers. (See Loyalty and fidelity, gratitude, honorable and decent conduct House Document 167, Fifty-fourth Congress, second session.) toward those who are true to convictions are offenses in the eye Mr. Morton, ex-Secretary of Agriculture, under date of Feb and understanding of these eunuchs and Ishmaelites in politics ruary 8, 1897, reported to the House of Representatives that during that should be prohibited by statute. [Laughter.] his term of office, March 5, 1893, to January 15, 1897, he removed Their patron saint is Benedict Arnold. Their code of morals 1,116 persons; that he reduced 189 employees and promoted 1,059; must have been copied from an epilogue in Captain Kidd's log that of ex-Union soldiers he removed 117, reduced 36. (See House book, and the ancestors of some of them may have been captured Document 275, Fifty-fourth Congress, second session, page 86.) by General Stark at Bennington. [Laughter.] The ex-Secretary of War reported to the House January11, 1897, They, immediately after the inauguration of McKinley, with that between March 4, 1893, and the date of his report he had appa1ling presumption, amazing audacity, matchless impudence, removed 303 persons, reduced 267, appointed 187, resigned 115, re and paralyzing arrogance, hovered round the heads of Depart duced 270, and promoted 315; of those removed (outside of Record ments and proposed that they be allowed to dictate to their vic and Pension Office) 46 were ex-Union soldiers. torious political foes how they should manage in selecting laborers, Ex-Postmaster-General Wilson reported to the House January employees, and officials; who should or not be promoted or dis 11, 1897, that between March 4, 1893, and June 5, 1896, he had re charged, and especially that our enemies, defeated, routed, should moved 89 persons; reduced 62; that 81 had resigned, 24 of the continue to retain positions of honor and emolument and Repub removals having been ex-Union soldiers. licans be excluded therefrom. The ex-Secretary of the Navy reported January 8,1897, that be And this came, and continues to come, from a little band of de tween March 4, 1893, and the date of hiS r~port there were feated guerrillas whose only object in life and means of subsist removed 4, with 20 reductions, 13 resignations, 39 appointments, ence is political plunder. and 45 ;promotions. Eight of the reductions and all4 of the re If they had been treated as the Cuban patriots recently did one movals were ex-Union soldiers. who entered their lines to induce whoever he might to betray Were 4,375 people removed and forced to resign found efficient their associates, there would have not been any great boom in the by one man and inefficient by his successor? undertakers' business, but a few less Hessians. It that a record to go to the country on to prove the efficiency of I hope for the immediate independence of Cuba and its annexa civil-service appointees? What other inference can be drawn? tion to the United States, if for no other reason, that we ma,yhave Only this, that they were gotten out of the way for political rea a few men under our flag who are not afraid of that corpse known sons! If either proposition is true, it calls for the repeal of this as the Spanish Government , that has existed only in imagination law. It is a confessed fraud, a sham, and a delusion; to us a snare. as one of th~ powers of the earth for the last half century, and It will be seen that 709 of those forced out of the service were will not become her ally on land or sea in perpetrating crimes Union soldiers. against a weak but brave people whose only offense consists in Let us turn from this state of facts, loathsome to every Ameri defending themselves against Spanish ba.rbarities, the blackest, can who has any self-respect, in which there stand out conspicu most infamous and fiendish that ever disgraced man, shocked ously imbecility, hypocrisy, and successful debauchery of the civil heaven, or could be conceived in hell. [Laughter.] service of the Government to an extent never before supposed to be I have stated that I am a spoilsman, and as such have desired possible, filling the offices and positions with worthless beats, and still desire to obtain positions for constituents of mine who unfortunate for the Government, not yet dead, facts which ought need no certificate from a mugwump commission to evidence their to mantle the cheeks of 70,000,000 people with the crimson tint of capacity to fill any Government position, from that of President shame, that with Congress in session a law which tolerates such down, with as much ability as they are ordinarily filled, and in shameful abuses and taxes the people to support those who would saying this I mean no discourtesy or disparagement to any, and I be tramps but for the salaries they draw from the Government in no wise exaggerate the capacity and ability of those for whom can remain for one hour unrepealed. I speak. As men and women in all avocations and walks of life I said, "Let us turn from this condition of things which has they have demonstrated that they are the peers of any in the Gov grown up in a short time, and is the logical and inevitable result ment in peace and war. I go to a Department and ask that the of this bastard called the metit system [laughterl, to the true and widow of a Union soldier be given a clerkship; she is competent, only merit system-that which commended itself to the wisdom a correct accountant and excellent penwoman. I am refused; of the fathers, their patriotic sons and grandsons, from Washing- there is no place for this lady. under civii service, in the employ of ton to Grant. i the Government. But the widow of General Pickett, who led the That system required every employee in the Government service, charge against the Union forces at Gettysburg in resisting which when night came, to point to some labor performed. some service my constituent's husband fell mortally wounded, is an employee 500 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 10, in that Department, blanketed in for life under civil-service rules. cation are demanded by a patriotic people in behalf of needy and I go to a Department to solicit a position for the daughter of a long-suffering claimants. Union soldier whose father died in his boots at Spottsylvania, shot I have spoken more particularly of the Pension Bureau for the through the body while upholding our flag. There is no place for reason that I believe it is an insult to every loyal man or woman her, but two daughters, or sisters, I am not certain which, of in this country to place the interests of Union soldiers and their Jackson, who killed Colonel Ellsworth, are in that Department, widows in the bands of their enemies for adjudication. on the pay roll for life. But every department of the Government is full of Confederates During Cleveland's Administration one Colonel Williams, Audi and Bryanites. In the Government Printing Office there are 2,000 tor for the Interior Department, one day called up sixteen Union enemies of the Republican party and about 500 of its friends. soldiers and asked them how they voted. They told him as they As a rule, when yon find a Union soldie1· in the service, he was fought~ for the Union, the Republican ticket. He said, "Gentle reduced under Cleveland to a very low salary, and to-day he is men, you can not expect us to keep you; we must care for our under a Confederate who is chief of a division, auditor, or some own. •~ They were discharged, and, as I am informed, Confederate thing of that kind, and the Union soldier takes orders fi·om one soldiers took their places, or the places of most of them. They are whom he never took orders from on fields where blood ran, and still there, pensioners for life on t~e bounty of a Government they was not then and is not now his inferior. fought to destroy. That condition of things exists in the Departments of the Gov The Pension Bureau to-day is honeycombed, crowded with men, · ernment in this city to-day. Confederates almost invariably have adjusting the claims of Union soldiers for pensions, who are hos the places that pay the best, and this in the teeth of the platform tile, some of whom served in the Confederate army and shot off of every national convention of the Republican party ever since the arms and legs of the claimants and caused the disabilities for 1 64, in defiance of the law which gives preference to Union sol which the Govm-nment is asked to allow them a pension. diers. I went to a. Department a few days since in behalf of an These same Confederate~ and Bryanites are the judges of wid old soldier whose salary had been reduced, under Cleveland, by ows' claims whose husbands they killed, or who died of disease a Confederate. contracted from expmmre in resisting their efforts to shoot this This old hero, wounded in the service, who is by statute law Government out of existence; these are blanketed in office for life· entitled to a preference, had been recommended by the chief offi under the merit system and Union soldiers walk the streets of cial in that office and the chief of his division for restoration to this capital begging for employment and at times for bread. his former salary, and I was refused, with the suggestion that he Yon who will may support, sustain, and apologize for and ex would not be able to pass the civil-service examination. Think of cuse the outrages perpetrated under this system. I for one am it! A man who has been in the Department for years, an expert in for the immediate and unconditional repeal of the law, regardless his line, recommended by the chief official having charge of work of who favors it or the position they occupy. in his line, also by the chief of his division; this man who from We have plenty of men in this country who fought under the Bull Run to Appomattox had faced the enemies of his country in flag that floats over the Pension Office, competent to do all that deadly combat, one whom the civil-service law declares shall have need be done there by men, and it is both an insult and outrage a preference, turned down, refused restoration to the position he to exclude them and employ those who brought all the misery, formerly occupied, in the matter of salary, for the alleged reason anguish, and woe upon those who have been and are suffering, and that he would not be able to -crawl through the meshes of the burdened the nation with a tax of 8140,000,000 annually for pen Civil Service Commission's examination in the precise manner sions, which is not more than. two-thirds of what it really ought those wet nurses might suggest as the test oi his capacity to do the to be and that justice demands that it should be. work he is now and for years has been doing to the perfect satis There are enough widows and daughters of Union soldiers faction of those having charge of that work and who are respon- whose husbands and fathers were slain in resisting that bell-born sible for results. · crusade against liberty and humanity, to perform all the duties By the side of this old soldier, who is an expert in his line, in for women to do in that Bureau, without the aid of Mrs. General the same office is a man from the South who came in as a laborer. Pickett, Miss Jackson, and other female Confederates. No examination was required of him, he has been ranked up to A Republican Congress that has it in its power to wipe out a $1,600 annua.lly, and the old soldier, wearing the sears of saber statute that in effect pensions Confederate soldiers and the wives cuts received in battle, his body disfigured with wounds made by and daughters of Confederate soldiers for services in obstructing bullets which sped from rifles held in the hands of some Con and rejecting the claims of Union soldiers, their widows. and de federate, it may not be the man who works beside him, has been pendent, helpless orphans, for a pension, will find a long list of reduced to the lowest possible figure above starvation rate and those lost in action when the roll is called next November, if it refused restoration. fails to do it. These are the results that come from worshiping that queen of I am for the Union soldiers, their widows and orphans, when harlots, the boss prostitute in American politics, that ha8 done on dress parade, but no more so than when on duty in this House. and is doing more to-day to debauch our politics and destroy the I am not a mugwump; I vote as I believe to be right and take or efficiency of those in the civil service of the Government than all ders from no one. [Applause.] other influences combined since the organization of the Govern I may be in error, but it is my opinion that if the Pension Bu ment-the so-called merit svstem. reau was purged, as it should be, of good-for-nothing, worthless To yon gentlemen on the other side of the House I say, if in employees, and those who are hostile to pension claimants, who the chapter of accidents you ever again control this Government, were educated under Cleveland to reject claims that could not I want you to have a clean deck and men of your own choice to longer be held up by reason of pressure for a decision, and who manage what will then soon be a wreck, as it always has been were promoted for the number they rejected rather than for an when you were in power. honest1 just, and equitable determination under the law, at least But when the Republican party is in power, none of you, who 25 per cent of those now employed would be discharged and at attempted to destroy the Union of States, the would-be wreckers least 25 per cent more accomplished than is being done to-day. of our financial system and the national honor, should be on duty It is notorious to all who have any experience in these matters in in any Department of the Government and Union soldiers ex that Bureau that when a claimant, after waiting years, having cluded. furnished all the evidence required by the rules of the Bureau, To my friends on this side of the House I desire to suggest that asks why his or her claim is not adjudicated, he or she will receive in supporting this commission you are false to principles you in reply a call for evidence whieh is then on file and has been for have in every platform in our national conventions declared to be years, which win be again furnished, and when in perhaps six sacred, from 1864 to 1896. months or a year the claimant again asks the cause of delay, the You repudiate declarations, made to the people, of your purpose same evidence is again called for. I think I have known this call to give preference to soldiers of the Union Army for places in the made as many as five times in a single case and the evidence fur employ of the Government. niGhed as many times. This held up the claim for years, deprived In your haste to embraee this prostitute in politics called the th:meedyand suffering claimant of what was his or her due. under merit system you strike down the Union soldiers, their widows th"9law, and, what was of no little consequence to the clerk, did and children; hold them out of positions they onee held and not lessen his chance to keep his job. · were driven from to make places for Confederates; you ratify the Ofton it happens that when a claim has been pending for years acts of an Administration elected by Confederates that reduced and eyidence fm-nished upon which it should have been adjudi the few now remaining in the service to almost starvation rates, ~ted, in response to an inquiry by the claimant for cause of hoping thereby to humiliate and cause them to resign, and placed delay, he will be informed that there is no such claim on file. over them by promotion men whose only claim to the position to These a:.·e the leeches who are pensioned onto the Government for which they were appointed came from the fact that during the tiro unde.r the operation of the civil-service law, called the "merit four ye..·us that the fa-te of the nB.tion hung trembling in the bal· sy~tem." There is no rea-son or excuse fol' the delay in adjudicat ance the blood of Union soldiers was dripping from every finger ing clainu in that office, such as exist to-day, unless it be that the on their hands. · force is worthless. An immediate change and more rapid adjudi- Gentlemen, the American people are intensely loyal to those 1898. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 501 who defended this Government against its enemies with arms-in when he felt constrained to expose them in the following unam· their hands from '61 to '65. Their gratitude to them, their widows biguous language: and orphans, is deep seated, well grounded, and can not be eradi Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye devour widows' cated by any men or party for the next quarter of a century. The houses, and for a pretence make long prayer: therefore ye shall receive the greater damnation. men or party who attempt to withhold from them what a grate Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye compass sea and ful and patriotic people are eager to give in pensions and position, land to make one proselyte, and when he is made, ye make him twofold more under existing laws and others that are certain ere long to be the child of bell than yourselves. Ye blind guides, which strain at a gnat, and swallow a cameL enacted, to the honor of those who are enjoying the benefits and Woe unto yon, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye make clean the blessings purchased by their sacrifices and sufferings, and for the outside of the cup and of thepla.tter, but within they are fullofex:tortionand benefit of those who sa.crificed, will be rebuked as was Cleveland ex: cess. Even so ye also outwardly appear righteous unto men, but within ye are and his officials. There was not enough left of them to be digni full of hypocrisy and iniquity. fied to the importance of a corps. Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, bow can ye escape the damnation of If we walk in their footpl'ints, follow in their wake, we shall hell? indeed have economy in one direction: There will be no tise for Gratitude, fidelity, and loyalty to those who are true to you hacks, a hearse, or even a wheelbarrow at our funeral; the remains are as old and just as God. He rewards His friends and excludes can be carried to the place of interment in a peck basket, and it His enemies from all positions in His government. will not be half full. David, with an inspired hand, wrote: "Thou shalt not plow with I have no sympathy with those who seem to be hostile to those the ox and ass yoked together." No mugwumpism in that, but an who have accumulated property; I rejoice that they have it, and absolute prohi bition of their pet method of doing business. David, will go as far as anyone in supporting legislation to protect their looking down through the ages to come, beheld the mugWUlllp, as property and them in the enjoyment of )t. I believe it should be God beholds the proud afar off, and warned mankind against his done, by men with arms in their hands if necessary. That is one of teaching and practices. the things for which government among men was instituted. And Paul, the grandest old Roman of the New Dispensation, wrote on the other hand I will insist that they who preserved the Gov to Timothy, who was afflicted in his surroundings with Pharisees ernment when traitors with shot and shell assailed it, who gave and hypocrites: "But if any provide not for his own, and spe to its bonds every penny in value they possess to-day-that the cially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is pittance they are entitled to under the law shall in no wise be worse than an infidel." withheld or their rights in that direction be abridged one iota. I say to the gentleman from Indiana who talks about platforms: We are not poor, but the wealthiest nation of earth. To listen That is om· platform. We ask no more; God willing, we will take to some speeches made on this floor one from a far-cff country no less. [Laughter and applause.] If the gentleman from In would think he had found a convention of tramps, assembled as diana [Mr. JOHNSON] and the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. a committee of ways and means to fix on a location where they BA.RRETT] had been present when Timothy read that letter, they could camp out for the night. [Laughter.l would have repaired to some public place and denounced Paul as Outside of the beneficiaries who are holding office under this a "spoilsman." [Great laughter.] The truth is that these men, nuisance act, the odds and ends, flood-wood and Hessians, who occa while clamoring and asking why the Government should not do sionally vote our ticket that thrift may follow fawning [laughter], its business as business men do theirs, are attempting to inaugu I do not believe there can be found 1,000 Republicans who under rate a method that no individual, partnership, or corporation ever stand the workings and operations of this demoralizing and ex attempted, ever can or will attempt so long as reason guides them. pensive method of doing Government business who favor it. How long would a merchant do business with his clerks advising There are innocent theorists who have no .lmowledge of the prac his customers to go elsewhere to make their purchases? tical workings and increased expense to the Government that may How long would an insurance company employ men for solicit incline toward its support. I have never yet looked one in the ing agents who at all times and to everybody were recommending eye on the floor of this House who practiced it. some other company as more beneficial to the insured than the one No matter how emphatically or often in public places, like the they represented? . ancient Pharisee, he thanks God he is not like other men, and man How long would the director.s and managing men in a railroad kind almost universally thank God they are not what he is, yet corporation continue to hold then· positions if they were contin when he selects his private secretary he does not consult the Civil ually seeking to influence the patrons of their road to do their ServiceJJommission. He does not appoint a Democrat; he does business over some other line? not select a man who is opposed to his renomination and who will No party can live in this country that turns its back on its vote against him and for a Democrat or Populist, if he is nomi friends and gives the patronage at its disposal to its political foes. nat€d, and against the party to which he belongs. It ought not to, and the good sense of the American people will Show me one of these new-born etmuchs in the political arena, see to it that any party which attempts it dies young in the prac no matter whether it be in this House or the Senate end of the tice, and, like the young widow, with her brow craped in mourn Capitol, and I will show you invariably a man who has pursued ing, as she looked·down upon the remains of her husband in the the President and the heads of Departments crying" give me pa casket, will exclaim, "How beautiful in death!" [Laughter.] tronage for my friends," with all the energy and persistency that a I am a party man, a partisan. I was elected as such. I stand sleuthhound follows his game. [Laughter.] here to-day to represent and not to betray or turn my back on the I am a spoilsman. I have been there and tried to get something men who elected me. My convictions are the same here as when for my constituents who are qualified, merit, and deserve recog on dress parade soliciting votes for the candidates of the Repub nition at the hands of a Republican Administration which they lican party from President to overseer of the poor. I am for Re contributed their full share to create. I never got there so early publicans for each and every position and for the exclusion of or stayed so late that I could not see around me these great reform Bryanites. ers, with a merry twinkle in their eyes and a hungry look upon My constituents need no certificate that they are qualified for their faces as they approached the President and heads of Depart any position signed by a commission of mugwumps. They object ments and eloquently, and sometimes as piteously as a tramp-asks to being taxed to pay the expense of such a commission-S200,000 for bread, explain how necessary and important it was that their annually to keep their enemies in office and fence them out. strikers be appointed to almost every position from minister pleni "The voluntary tribute of a persistent fool is the legitimate potentiary to Great Britain down through the wl.tole list to char harvest of a wise man." I do not want my party to be that fool woman in every Department of the Government. [Laughter.] or its opponents to reap the harvest. If we could have printed the recommendations of those who de I have not forgotten October, 1896, when I canvassed my dis claim the most vociferously for civil service in the Senate and in trict for the Republican ticket. Our meetings in that latitude at the House, it would be found that the paper on which their solici that season of the year are usually held in the. evening-that tations were made would paper the walls of each Chamber, and if means in the night. I remember well the efforts of the young they could be read as clearly as Belshazzar read the writing on the men at those meetings, marching with kerosene torches above wall, their knees might not tremble as he did, but their voices their heads, mud sometimes ankle deep, in the procession, some would be as silent as the tomb, and I have no doubt that some of times only a few companies, at others miles of them. They made them have traveled a distance greater than that across the conti the welkin ring with cheers for McKinley, protection, and sound nent from Maine to California searching, begging, and beseech money. They quickened with gladness the pulsations of my heart, ing the President and heads of Departments to appoint their and sent the blood to the extremities of my slight frame with in· friends to office. creased velocity. [Applause.] Gentlemen, you mu.st have -observed that most of them look There was not a mugwump in the ranks. They were partisans, tired, and especially so since the discussion of this subject com politicians, patriots. These men saved this nation from everlast menced. [Laughter.) ing disgrace. I say to you here to-day that had I the power, and A photograph of the President, taken almost any day since he one of those boys applied to me for a place that he was competent entered the White House from 10 a.m. to 12 m., surrounded by ap to fill-and he would not ask for one that he could not :fi.ll-I plicants for the appointment of their friends to positions would would kick out of office the best-looking mugwump God ever exhibit the faces of more hypocrites than Christ had about him made, and give him the place. [Laughter and applause.] 502 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- ROUSE. J.ANUARY 10,

My position is that he who will turn his back on those who by I Before discussing the question of civil-service reform, I desire their votes elected him to an office to represent them evidences to to state that I believe the original advocates of civil-service reform, my mind the total depravity of man, and would lead me to hope likewise all converts to the system, have been and are absolutely for what I never yet believed, that there ought to be a hell. honest in their convictions. I will also sta.te at this time that I [Laughter.] do not advocate the repeal of the civil-service law in its entirety; I have intimated, rather delicately perhaps, that the fruit this but when a person criticises civil-service reform or any part civil service bears is a worthless, good-for-nothing article; that the thereof, the civil-service reformers jump to their feet and vehe commission is an unnecessary luxury not desired by our people, mently cry "Spoils system!" "Corrupt patronage!" etc. and if we have got them on hand to support, I will suggest that Now, Mr. Chairman, such implications have never sent me we had bettar ship them to Cuba, tender them to Blanco with the into spasms. I stand on a higher plane than patronage while suggestion that he send them to Gomez to solicit submission advocating some check upon the present civil-service system, on the plan of aut

CHA.NGE OF REFERENCE. widow of Dr. James H. Currey-to the Committee on Invalid Under clause 2 of Rule XXII, the Committee on Claims was dis Pensions. charged from the consideration of the bill (H. R. 2910) for the Also, a bill (H. R. 6167) to pension ·George L. Benner-to the relief of A. T. Hensley, survivor of Fulton & Hensley, doing busi Committee on Invalid Pensions. ness under the na.me of the Lavaca Wharf Company, and the Also, a bill (1!. R. 6168) to pension John W. Roberts-to the same was referred to the Committee on War Claims. Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 6169) to pension Ferdinand Keller-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND MEMORIALS By Mr. BROWN: A bill (H. R. 6170) for the relief of Lewis INTRODUCED. Powers-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions, and memorials Also, a bill (H. R. 6171) granting a pension to Martha Edging of the following titles were introduced and severally referred as ton, widow of Brice V. Edgington-to the Committee on Invalid follows: Pensions. By Mr. BODINE: A bill (H. R. 6152) for the erection of a pub Also, a bill (H. R. 6172) granting a pension to Minerva E. lic building at Chillicothe, Mo.-to the Committee on Public Sweny, widow of Frank H. Sweny-to the Committee on Invalid Buildings and Grounds. _ Pensions. By 1\Ir. LITTL.E: A bill (H. R. 6153) authorizing William W. Also, a bill (H. R. 6173) to remove the charge of desertion from Campbell and Susan F. Lynch to construct a bridge across the the military record of JesseP. Brown-to the Committee on Mili Arkansas River at·or near Webbers Falls, Ind. T.-to the Com tary Affairs. mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Also, a bill (H. R. 6174) to remove the charge of desertion from By Mr. HAWLEY: A bill (H. R. G154) for improving the mouth the military record of Julius Shelley-to the Committee on Mili of the Brazos River, Texas-to the Committee on Rivers and tary Affairs. Harbors. Also, a bill (H. R. 6175) for the relief of James A. McElroy, By Mr. CONNELL: A bill (H. R. 6155) to create a new Federal guardian of Nora Wilson, an insane member of Company H, One judicial district in Pennsylvania, to be called the middle district, hundred and eighty-ninth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry-to and providing for a circuit and district court of the United States the Committee on Claims. to be held therein-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Also, a bill (H. R. 6176) to remove the charge of desertion from By Mr. BAILEY (by request): A bill (H. R. 6156) to grant the the military record of A. D. Patton-to the Committee on Mill· right of way through the Indian TeTTitory to the Denison, Bon tary Affairs. ham and New Orleans Railway Company for the purpose of Also, a bill (H. R. 6177) for the relief of Warner R. Hancock constructing a railway, and for other purposes-to the Committee to the Committee on Military Affairs. on Indian Affairs. By Mr. BROWNLOW: A bill (H. R . 6178) for the relief of By Mr. TONGUE: A bill (H. R. 6157) to provide for the exam James Vandergriff-to the Committee on War Claims. ination and classification of certain lands in the State of Califor Also, a bill (H. R. 6179) to carry out the findings of the Court nia-to the Committee on the Public Lands. of Claims in the case of the estate of William Irwin, deceased By 1dr. CALLAHAN: A bill (H. R. 6158) granting the use of to the Committee on War Claims. certain grazing lands in the Territory of Oklahoma to said Terri Also, a bill (H. R. 6180) for the relief of W. R. Sentell-to the tory for school purposes-to the Committee on the Public Lands. Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. ARNOLD: A bill (H. R. 6159) to amend the national Also, a bill (H. R. 6181) for the relief Of· Louisa Harwood-to banking laws prohibiting officers of national banks to act as ex the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ecutors, etc.-to the Committee on Banking and Currency. -Also, a bill (H. R. 6182) for the relief of Joseph Fawbush-to the By Mr. ALEXANDER: A bill (H. R. u160) to amend s~ction Committee on Military Affairs. 4746 of the Rerued Statutes of the United States-totheCommit Also, a bill (H. R . 6183) for the relief of John Wells-to the tee on the Judiciary. Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. CURTIS of Iowa: A bill (H. R. 6161) for the protection Also, a bill (H. R. 6184) for the relief of J. J . Starnes-to the of fish in the District of Columbia, for the maintenance of a per Committee on War Claims. manent spawning ground in the Potmac River in said District, Also, a bill (H. R. 6185) to carry out the findings of the Court and for other purposes-to the Committee on the District of of Claims in the case of the estate of William W alla.ce, deceased Columbia. to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. BABCOCK: .A bill (H. R. 6248) to provide for the dis By Mr. BRUMM: A bill (H. R. 6186) for the relief of Thomas position of assessment certificates of the District of Columbia, and Hopkins-to the Committee on War Claims. for other purposes-to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Also (by request), a bill (H. R. 6187) for relief of the owners or By Mr. OGDEN: A bill (H. R. 6249) authorizing the Shreve legal representatives of canal boats Swan and Leu-is and Butler port and Red River Valley Railway Company to construct and to the Committee on War Claims. maintain a bridge across the Loggy Bayou, in Louisiana-to the By Mr. BURLEIGH: A bill (H. R. 6188) to amend the naval Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. record of Lieut. Commander William L . Stone-to the Committee By Mr. CURTIS of Kansas: A bill (H. R. 6250) in regard to the on Naval Affairs. employment of ex-Union soldiers, and for other purposes-to the By Mr. CALLAHAN: A bill (H. R . 6189) for the relief of Committee on Reform in the Civil Service. Edward Kolb-to the Committee on Claims. · By Mr. DOVENER: Joint resolution (H. Res. 114) authoriz By Mr. CIDCKERING: A bill (H. R. 6190) granting an honor ing the Secretary of War to make a preliminary survey of the able discharge to Charles King, late of Company C, Seventy-sixth South Fork River, West Virginia, and prepare estimates of the Regiment New York Infantry-to the Committee on Military cost thereof-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. Affairs. By Mr. BERRY: Joint resolution (H. Res. 115) for the im Also, a bill (H. R. 6191) granting a pension to Mary Danahay, provement of Big Sandy River and tributaries in Kentucky and invalid sister of Daniel Danahay, late a private in Company H, West Virginia-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. Eighteenth New York Cavalry- to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. GRAFF: Resolution (House Res. No. 155) to pay the Pensions. heirs of James F. Wilson, late messenger on the soldiers' roll of Also, a bill (H. R. 6192) to restore Ellen R . Klock, mother of the House, a sum equal to six months' salary and funeral ex Gleason R. Wellington, late of Company A, Twelfth New York penses-to the Committee on Accounts. Volunteer Cavalry, to the penBion roll- to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 6193) grantin~ a rating to Benton C. Barnes, PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS INTRODUCED. late of Company C, Twenty-fourth New York, and Company C, One hundred and forty-sixth New York Infantry, for wounds Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills and resolutions of the received in the service-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. following titles were introduced and severally referred as follows: By 1\fr. CLARK of Iowa: A bill (H. R. 6194) for the relief of By :Mr. BABCOCK: A bill (H. R. 6162) removing the charge of Eliza E. S. Malcom-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. iesertion from the record of Robert V. Hancock-to the Commit By I\ir. CONNELL: A bill (H. R. 6195) for the relief of Will· tee on Military Affairs. iam Burke-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 6163) removing the charge of desertion from By :M::r. DE VRIES. A bill (H. R . 6196) to remove the charge of the record of W. T. Hyde-to the Committee on Military Affairs. desertion and grant an honorable discharge from the United States Also, a bill (H. R. 6164) granting a. pension to George J. Coler, Army to James H. Treanor-to the Committee on Military Affairs . . of Dell, Vernon County, Wis.-to the Committee on Invalid Pen Also, a l>ill (H. R. 6197) to grant the successors in interest to sions. certain land claims in California lien certiiicates therefor-to the By Mr. BODINE: A bill (H. R. 6165) for the relief of John H. Committee on Private Land Claims. Phelps-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 6198) for the relief of the legal representatives By Mr. BOOZE: A bill (H. R. 6166) ~ pellSion Maitha Currey, of P atrick Elliott, deceased-to the Committee on War Claims. 506 CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD...:_HOUSE. JANUARY 10,

Also, a bill (H. R. 6199) to grant a pension to Catherine Doan, Also, a bill (H. R. 6236) for the relief of A. T. Sands-to the Com widow of Wallace Doan-to the Committee on Invalid P ensions. mittee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 6200) to grant a pension to Felix Spurgeon By .1\Ir. SETTLE: A bill (H. R. 6237) for the relief of Oldham to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. County, Ky.-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 6201) to grant a pension to Susan Yeates, Also, a bill (H. R. 6238) for the relief of W. A. Bohannon, of widow of Richard Yeates-to the Committee on Pensions. Smithfi~ld, Ky.-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 6202) to grant a pension to Sarah Charles, By Mr. SIMPKINS of Massachusetts: A bill (H. R. 6239) grant widow of Henry Charles-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ing a pension to Sergt. William II. Carney, for exb.-aordinary and By M1·. FENTON: A bill (H. R. 6203) for the relief of Robert distinguished services rendered in the Fifty-fourth Regiment Mas W. Caldwell-to the Committee on Military Affairs. sachusetts Infantry during the late war of the rebellion-to the By :Mr. FISCHER: A bill (H. R. 6204) to remove the charge of Committee on Invalid Pensions. desertion from the military record of Michael Foley, alias Michael By Mr. SMITH of Illinois: A bill (H. R. 6240) for the relief of McNulty-to the Committee on Military Affairs. the heirs of James Goodloe, deceased-to the Committee on War By Mr. FITZPATRICK: A bill(H. R. 6205)givingmilitaryrecord Claims. to J ame3 Grooms-to the Committ.ee on .Military Affairs. By Mr. STEPHENS of Texas: A bill (H. R. 6241) for the relief Also, a bill (H. R. 6206) authorizing the Secretary of the Interior of C. W. Reid and Sam Daube-to the Committee on Claims. to pension Alfred Little at the rate of 830 per month-to the Com By Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota: A bill (H. R. 6242) to restore mittee on Invalid Pensions. the name of Dr. J. C. Kinkle to the pension roll-to the Committee Also, a bill (H. R. 6207) removing charge of desertion from the on Pensions. military record of John Russell, deceased-to the Committee on By Mr. WILLIAM A. STONE: A bill (H. R. 6243) to remove Military Affairs. the charge of desertion from the military record of Thomas Con By 1\ir. GIBSON: A bill (H. R. 6208) to pension Harvey Grant elly-to the Co mmittee on Military Affairs. to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By M.r. WADSWORTH: A bill (H. R. 6244) for the relief of Also, a bill (H. R. 6209) to pension William Stephenson Smith Catharine R. Brown, widow of Joseph B. Brown, late a colonel and to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. surgeon in the United States Army-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. GREENE: A bill (H. R. 6210) granting a pension to Pensions. John Brown, of Lexington, Nebr.-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. WARNER: A bill (H. R. 6245) to pension Harriette F. Pensions. Hovey-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. HENRY of Connecticut: A bill (H. R. 6211) granting a By Mr. WEYMOUTH: A bill (H. R. 6246) granting a pension peruion to Isabella G. Daniels, widow of Milton T. Daniels-to the to Havilah Flint Libby--to the Committee on Pensions. Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. WHEELER of Alabama: A bill (H. R. 6247) for there By Mr. HENRY of Texas: A bill (H. R. 6212) for the relief of lief of Anderson Malone-to the Committee on Military Affairs. W. B. Morrow-to the Committee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 6213) granting a pension to Celestia R. Barry to the Committee on Pensions. PETITIONS, ETC. By 1\Ir. HOPKINS: A bill (H. R. 6214) to amend the military Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, the following petitions and papers record of Henry Keeler-to the Committee on Military Affairs. were laid on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows: Also, a bill (H. R. 6215) to correct the military record of Benja By Mr. BAILEY: Petition of members of the bar of Collin min F. Herrington, late a private of Company H, Fourth Michigan County, Tex.,forrelief in the matter of the judgeship of the north Infantry, and a corpor'al of Company D, Eleventh Michigan In- ern district of Texas-to the Committee on the Judiciary. fantry-to the Committee on Military Affairs. · By Mr. BAKER of illinois: Resolutions of the executive com By Mr. HOWARD of Alabama: A bill (H. R. 6216) for the re mittee of the Grand Council of the State of illinois, Order of the lief of John A. Bates-to the Committee on War Claims. United Commercial. Travelers of America, condemning House By Mr. HULL: A bill (H. R. 6217) for the relief of the heirs of bill No. 30, forbidding railroad ticket brokerage-to the Commit the late C'tOl. Israel C. Woodruff, Corps of Engineers-to the Com tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. mittee on Military Affairs. By 1\I.r. BROWNLOW: Petition of William B. Hodges, admin By Mr. JETT: A bill (H. R. 6218) for relief of Louisa M. Kep istrator of Jacob E. Hodges, deceased, for relief-to the Commit pler-to the Committee on Claims. tee on War Claims. Also, a bill (H. R. 6219) for relief of Isaac N. Enloe-to the Com By Mr. BURKE: Petition of the attorneys of Bosque County, mittee on War Claims. Tex., for the relief of the northern judicial district of Texas-to By Mr. KNOX: A bill (H. R. 6220) for the correction of the rec the Committee on the Judiciary. ord of Michael Reahel-to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. CANNON: Papers to accompany House bill No. 6111, By Mr. LITTAUER: A bill (H. R. 6221) to remove charge of to correct the militarv record of William T. Pratt-to the Com desertion from the record of Charles Sandfordt-to the Committee mittee on Military Affairs. on Military Affairs. By Mr. CATCHINGS: Resolutions of a mass meeting at Biloxi, By Mr. MOON: A bill (H. R. 6222) for the relief of Thomas Miss., and protest of A. S. Bullis, of Gulfport, Miss., against the Caldwell, of Bradley County, Tenn.-to the Committee on War removal of the quarantine station from Ship Island-to the Com Claims. mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Also, a bill (H. R. 6223) for the relief of Cumberland Female Also, resolutions of the board of supervisors of Jackson County, College, of McMinnville, Tenn.-to the Committee on War Claims. Miss., asking that the Gulf quarantine station be fixed at Petit Also, a. bill (H. R. 6224) for relief of Thomas Robert Harris, of Bojs Island-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com Marion County, Tenn.-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. merce.· Also, a bill (H. R. 6225) for relief of Sampson D. Bridgeman, of Also, resol ntions of the board of supervisors of Jackson County, Hamilton County, Tenn.-to the Committee on Pensions. Miss., favoring a national quarantine system-to the Committee Also, a bill (H. R. 6226) for relief of William Capehart, of War on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. ren County, Tenn.-to the Committee on Pensions. By Mr. CONNELL: Resolution of the St. Joseph Society of Also, a bill (H. R. 6227) to complete the military record of Dan Scranton, Pa., in opposition to t he Lodge immigration bill-to iel Cook, deceased, and for an honorable discharge-to the Com the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. mittee on :Military Affairs. By Mr. CORLISS: Petition of J. W. Hawke and others, F. W. Also, a bill (H. R. 6228) for the relief of Charles W. Wiseman Parsons and others, and W. H. Gibson and others, citizens of De to the Committee on War Claims. troit, Mich., in oppositio;n to the so-called anti-scalping bill or any Also, a bill (H. R. 6229) for the relief of James Nipper, of Cleve similar measure-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com land, Tenn.-to the Committee on Military Affairs. merce. By Mr. ODELL: A bill(H. R. 6230) for the relief ofNancyRose, By Mr. DALZELL: Resolutions of the Young Men's Repub light-house keeper-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign lican Club of Chester, Pa., against the civil-service law-to the Commerce. Committee on Reform in the Civil Service. By Mr. OLMSTED: A bill (H. R. 6231) for the relief of the heirs Also, protests of the Diocesan League of Pittsburg and the Charles of Margaretta E. Fenn, deceased-to the Committee on War Literary and Dramatic Society of Pittsburg, Pa., in opposition to Claims. further restriction of immigl'ation-to the Committee on Immi By Mr. OVERSTREET: A bill (H. R. 6232) for the relief of gration and Naturalization. William Allen-to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. DE VRIES: Papers to accompany House bill No. 5691, Also, a bill (H. R. 6233) for the relief of James N. Robinson and for the relief of Mrs. Rosa G. Thompson-to the Committee on Same B. McComb-to the Committee on War Claims. Invalid Pensions. By Mr. PETERS: A bill (H. R. 6234) granting a pension to Also, papers to accompany House bill No. 5692, for the relief of Charles E . Jones-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Gebrge N. McMurry-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. RICHARDSON: A bill (H. R. 6235) for the relief of Mrs. By Mr. DORR: Petition of John Rogers, of Fayette County, Catherine O'Dea, of Washington, D. C.-to the Committee on War W. Va., praying that his war claim be referred to the Coru·t of Claims. Claims-to the Committee on War Claims. 1898. \.- CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 507

Also, petition of George A. Darlington, of Fayette County, Michael Raehel, of Togus, Me.-to the Committee on Military W.Va., praying that his war claim be refen-ed to the Court of Affairs. Claims-to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. LANHAM: Petitions of attorneys of the counties of By Mr. ERMENTROUT: Petition of George F. Metzger, of Hood and Runnells, Tex., for relief in the matter of the judge· West Bethlehem, Pa., protesting against the free distribution of ship of the northern district of Texas-to the Committee on the seeds by the Government-to the Committee on Agriculture. Judiciary. Also, petition of the Mellor & Rittenhouse Company and Shoe By Mr. LITTLE: Petition of Jacob Miller and 40 other citizens m aker & Busch, of Philadelphia, Pa., in favor of the Torrey bank of Malvern, Ark., opposing the further restriction of immigra ruptcy bill-to the Committee on the Judiciary. tion-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. By Mr. EVANS: Petition of certain citizens of Louisville, Ky., By Mr. LLOYD: Petition of the Woman's Christian Temper asking that immigration to the United States be not further ance Union of Lancaster, Mo., for the passage of a bill to protect restricted-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. State anticigarette laws by providing that cigarettes imported in By Mr. FISCHER: Papers to accompany House bill to remove original packages on entering any State shall become subject to the charge of desertion from the military record of Michael Foley, its laws-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. alias Michael McNulty-to the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. MADDOX: Petition of the heirs of HenryS. Carlton, By Mr. FITZPATRICK: Papers bearing upon the claim of deceased, late of Paulding County, Ga., requesting reference of James Grooms-to the Committee on Military Affairs. his claim to the Court of Claims under act of March 3, 1883-to By Mr. FLETCHER: Resolutions of the Lincoln Republican the Committee on War Claims. Club, of St. Paul, Minn., in relation to civil service and opposing Also, petition of Wyatt Lee, administrator of Hartwell Lee, a civil pension list-to the Committee on Reform in the Civil deceased, late of Paulding County, Ga., asking reference of his Service.- claim to the Court of Claims-to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. HENDERSON: Resolutions of the St. Francis Congt·e Also, petition of Jonathan D. Vaughn, of Paulding County, Ga., gation, of Dyersville, Iowa, protesting against the passage of the asking reference of his claim to the Court of Claims-to the Com· Lodge Immigration bill-to the Committee on Immigration and mittee on War Claims. Naturalization. Also, petition of the heirs of J.P. Maxwell, deceased, late of Also, resolutions of the Waterloo Board of Trade, of Iowa, in' Bartow County, Ga., asking reference of his claim to the Court opposition to the passage of Senate bill No. 1035, to create a uni of Claims-to the Committee on War Claims. form bankruptcy law throughout the United States-to the Com- Also, petition of the heir of Frederick Thompson, deceased, mittee on the Judiciary. . late of Paulding County, Ga., asking reference of his war claim By Mr. HENRY of Mississippi: Papers relating to the claim of to the Com·t of Claims-to the Committee on War Claims. Martha L. Dixon, of Hinds County, Miss.-to the Committee on Also, petition of the heirs of Daniel Zuber, deceased, late of War Claims. Floyd County, Ga., asking reference of his claim to the Court of Also, memorial of numerous citizens of the counties of Frank Claims-to the Committee on War Claims. lin, Adams, Amite, and Wilkinson, Miss., for the improvement of By Mr. McCLEARY: Petition of W. H. Rowe and other veterans the Homochitto River-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. living at Springfield, Minn., favoring the passage of an act grant· By Mr. HOPKINS: Petition of Benjamin F. Herrington, late a ing a reasonable service pension to every honorably discharged private of Company H, Fourth Michigan Infantry (reorganized), soldier and sailor of our late war-to the Committee on Invalid for correction of his military record and an honorable discharge; Pensions. also sundry affidavits in relation thereto-to the Committee on By Mr. McCORMICK: Papers to accompany House bill No. Military Affairs. 4274, for the relief of James S. Chapman_:_to the Committee on By Mr. JENKINS: Resolution of the St. Paul's Society, of Invalid Pensions. Bloomer, Wis., in opposition to the Lodge immigration bill-to Also, papers to accompany House bill No. 4266, for the relief of the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. Simeon Metz, Nathaniel Robbins, and William J. Sloan-to the By Mr. JOY: Petition of the Lucas Avenue Cumberland Pres Committee on Claims. byterian Church, of St. Louis, Mo., praying for the enactment of By Mr. MOON: Paper to accompany House bill for the relief of legislation to substitute voluntary arbitration for railway strikes W. H. Copehart-to the Committee on Pensions. to the Committee on Labor. Also, paper to accompany House billfortherelief of Charles W. Also, petition of the Lucas Avenue Cumberland Presbyterian Wjseman-to the Committee on War Claims. Chm·ch, of St. Louis, Mo., praying for the enactment of legisla By Mr. PERKINS: Resolution of the St. Boniface Society, of tion prohibitingkinetoscopereproductions of prizefights in the Dis Sioux City, Iowa, in opposition to the Lodge bill for the further trict of Columbia and the Territories-to the Committee on the restriction of immigration-to the Committee on Immigration and District of Columbia. Naturalization. Also, petition of the Luca-S A venue Cumberland Presbyterian By Mr. SHAFROTH: Petition of certain citizens of Colorado, Church, of St. Louis, Mo., praying for the enactment of legisla in favor of postal savings banks-to the Committee on the Post tion to prohibit the publication of pictures and descriptions of Office and Post-Roads. suicides, except in scientific journals or on judicial order for By Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota: Petitions of the West Side identification-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Turnverein and St. Peter's German Society, of St. Paul, Minn.: Also, petition of the Lucas A venue Cumberland Presbyterian and St. Joseph Society, of Stillwater, Minn., in opposition to fur Church, of_St. Louis, Mo., praying for the enactment of legisla ther restriction of immigration-to the Committee on Immigra tion excluding illiterate immigrants-to the Committee on Immi tion and Naturalization. gration and Naturalization. Also, resolutions of Lincoln Club, St. Paul, Minn., in favor of Also, petition of the Lucas Avenue Cumberland Presbyterian the modification of the civil-service law-to the Committee on Re Church, of St. Louis, Mo., asking for the passage of a bill to raise foi·m in the Civil Service. the age of protection to 18 years in the District of Columbia-to Also, petition of H. H. Hart, secretary of the National Board of the Committee on the District of Columbia_. Correction and Charities, in favor of the passage of a bill to abol· Also, petition of the Lucas A venue Cumberland Presbyterian ish railroad-ticket brokerage-to the Committee on Interstate and Church, of St. Louis, Mo., favoring the passage of a Sabbath law Foreign Commerce. for the national capital-to the Committee on the District of Also, petition of Griggs -Bros., of St. Paul, Minn., against free Columbia. distribution of seeds-to the Committee on Agriculture. Also, petition of the Luca-S Avenue Cumberland Presbyterian By Mr. WlLLIAM A. STONE: Petitions of W. E. Schuler, W. Church, of St. Louis, Mo., for the passage of a bill to prohibit the H. Beech, John Fawst, and other citizens of Pottstown, Mont sale of liquors in Government buildings-to the Committee on gomery County, Pa., in favor of a per diem or graded service pen Pub1ic Buildings and Grounds. sion-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, petition of the Lucas Avenue Cumberland Presbyterian By Mr. UPDEGRAFF: Resolutions of the Board of Trade of Church, of St. Louis, Mo., for the passage of a bill to forbid inter Waterloo, Iowa, in opposition to the proposed bankruptcy bill state transmission of lottery and other gambling matter by tele to the Committee on the Judiciary. graph-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. - Also, petitions of Herman Ihm and 39 other citizens of Clayton Also, petition of the Lucas Avenue Cumberland Presbyterian County, Gustav Dietsch and 17 others of Postville, and St. Joseph Church, of St. Louis, Mo., urging the passage of a bill to prohibit Society of Stacyville, Iowa, in opposition to the Lodge bill for the the transmission by mail of newspaper de8criptions of prize fights further restriction of immigt·ation-to the Committee on Immigra to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. tion and N aturrJization. Also, petition of the Lucas A venue Cumberland Presbyterian By Mr. \VEYJUOUTH: Petition of W. C. Jennison and 21 other (,"'burch, of St. Louis, Mo., praying for the enactment of legisla citfz:ms of Natick, Mass., protesting against the free distribution tion to protect State anti-cigarette laws by providing that ciga of seeds-to the Committee on Agriculture. rettes imported in original packages on entering any State shall be Also, paper to accompany House bill granting a pension to come subject to its laws-to the Committee on the Judiciary. Havilah Flint Libby-to the Committee on P ensions. By Mr. KNOX: Paper to accompany House bill for the relief of By Mr. YOST: Petition of Alexander Fultz and other citizens of 508 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 11,

Staunton, Va.; also petition of CigarMakers'LocalUnionNo.133, Mr. GALLINGER presented a petition of the congregation of of Richmond, Va., protesting against the passage of the so-called the Congregational Church of Hollis, N.H., praying for the enact anti-scalping bill or any similar measure-to the Committee on ment of legislation to protect State anti-cigarette laws by pro Interstate and Foreign Commerce. viding that cigarettes imported in original packages on entering By Mr. ZENOR: Paper to accompany House bill No. 2956, for any State shall become subject to its laws; which was referred to the relief of William H. Pfrimmer-to the Committee on Claims. the Committee on Interstate Commerce. Also, paper to accompany House bill No. 3120, for the relief of Mr. WELLINGTON presented the petitions of C. M. Rawlings Capt. N. N. Morgan-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and other citizens of Glyndon and Reisterstown; of 1\f. A. Hogan Also, paper to accompany House bill No. 3121, for the relief of and 75 other citizens of Oella, Ellicott City, and llchester; of Lieut. Philip H. Odell-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Emanuel Pierce and 41 other citizens of Wetherdsville; of W. Also, paper to accompany House bill No. 3551, for the relief of Ernest 8anders and other citizens of Kennedyville, Centerville, John Stephens-to the Committee on Pensions. Locust Grove, and Chestertown; of Theodore Gritzan and 23 other citizens of Baltimore, and of William Bauman and 24 other citi zens of Baltimore, all in the Stata of Maryland, praying for the SENATE. en actment of legislation which will more effectually restrict im migration and prevent the admission of illiterate, pauper, and TUESDAY, Januar-y 11, 1898. criminal classes to the United States; which were ordered to lie on Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. the table. . Mr. PLATT of Ne~ York presented a petition of the congrega The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. tion of the Presbytenan Church of Shelter Island, N.Y., praying MISSION INDI.A.NS IN CALIFOR:r-."'IA. for the enactment of legislation prohibiting the sale of intoxicat The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica ing liquors in all Government buildings; which was referred to tion from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting a draft of a the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. bill prepared by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs to amend an He also presented the petitions of W. Brown and 25 other citi act entitled "An act for the relief of the Mission Indians in the zens of Brooklyn; of Lewis A. Newton and 108 other citizens of Mid State of California," and recommending its favorable considera dletown; of A. Bellinger and 78 other citizens of Syracuse, and of tion; which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to the E. Lockwood and 146 other citizens of Corning, all in the State of Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. New York, praying for the enactment of legislation which shall WILLIAM KLYVER. more effectually restrict immigration and prevent the admission of illiterate, pauper, and criminal classes into the United States; The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica which were ordered to lie on the table. tion from the Secretary of State, transmitting copies of c.orre He also presented a petition of the congregation of the Presby spondence in regard to the claim of William Klyver, a Danish teiian Church of Shelter Island, N.Y., praying for the enactment subject, for $206.70 on account of the destruction of a trunk and of legislation prohibiting the transmission by mail or interstate its contents by :fi~e on the 14th of June last at Ellis Island, while commerce of pictures or descriptions of prize fights; which was in the custody of the United States customs officers there, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. recommending the matter to the favorable consideration of Con He also presented a petition of the congregation of the Presby gress; which, with the accompanying papers, was referred to the terian Church of Shelter Island, N. Y., praying for the enactment Committee on Foreign Relations, and ordered to be printed. of legislation to prohibit interstate gambling by telegraph; which PE'l!ITIONS .AND MEMORIALS. was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. PENROSE presented a petition of sundry railroad em He also presented a petition of the congregation of the Presby ployees of the United States, praying for the enactment of legisla terian Church of Shelter Island, N.Y., praying for the enactment tion authorizing the adoption of the Lee car coupler; which was of legislation raising the age of protection for girls to 18 years in referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. the District of Columbia and the Ten·itories; which was referred He also presented the petition of C. S. Hebenthall and 25 other to the Committee on the District of Columbia. citizens of Stauffer, Mount Pleasant, and Connellsville, all in the He also presented a petition of the congregation of the Presby State of Pennsylvania, praying for the enactment of legislation terian Church of Shelter Island, N.Y., praying for the enactment which will more effectually restrict immigration and prevent the of legislation to prohibit traffic and public sports in the Disb.ict of admission of illiterate, pauper, and criminal classes to the United Columbia on the first day of the week; which was referred to the States; which was ordered to lie on the table. Committee on the District of Columbia. He also presented the memorial of J. J. Sharpe and 20 other He also presented a petition of the congregation of the Presby citizens of Titusville, Pa;, remonstrating against any change being terian Church of Shelter Island, N. Y. ~praying for the enactment made in the present system of ticket brokerage; which was re of legislation t.o prohibit kinetoscope reproductions of prize fights feiTed to the Committee on Interstate Comme1·ce. in the District of Columbia and the Territories and the interstate He also presented a petition of sundry Methodist clergymen of transportation of such brutalizing shows; which was ordered to Philadelphia, Pa., praying for the enactment of legislation to lie on the table. limit absolute divorce in the District of Columbia and the ·rerri Mr. WETMORE presented a petition of the Business Men's tories; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Association of East Providence, R.I., praying for the passage of He also presented a memorial of the Young Men's Republican the so-called anti-scalping ticket bill; which was referred to the Club of the Twentieth Ward of Philadelphia, Pa., remonstrating Committee on Interstate Commerce. againstthefurtherenforcementofthepresentcivil-servicelaw,and Mr. GORMAN presente1 the memorials of W. Walter Smith praying for its speedy repeal; which was referred to the Commit and 20 other citizens, of P. H. Moritz and 20 other citizens, and tee on Civil Service and Retrenchment. of the ATID.Strong Cator Company and sundry citizens, all of Bal He also pr·esented a petition of the Pennsylvania State Legisla timore, Md., remonstrating against any change being made in the ture Board of Railroad Employees, praying for the enactment of present system of ticket brokerage; which were referred to the legislation relative to contempts in Federal courts and providing Committee on Interstate Commerce. for trials by jury in certain cases of contempt, and also for the Mr. FAIRBANKS presented the petitions of Joseph Marugg and passage of the so-called anti-scalping ticket bill; which was re 102 othe1· citizens of Pueblo, Denver, Rockvale, and Colorado ferred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Springs, in the State of Colorado; of Ella M. Thurlow and 77 He also presented a petition of the Woman's Home Missionary other citizens of Denver; Colo.; of E. A. Kilts and 120 other citi Society of the Methodist Episcop·al Church of Cincinnati, Ohio, zens of Hannibal and Sedalia, Mo.; and of Lee B. Wilson and 129 praying for the passage of the so-called anti-scalping ticket bill; other citizens of Ja-ckson, Spring Creek, Claybrook, and Pinson, which was referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. in the State of Tennessee, prayingforthe enactmentoflegislation Mr. HALE presented the memorial of Charles F. Scales and 40 which will more effectually restrict immigration and prevent the other citi~ens of Guilford, Me., remonstrating against any change admission of illiterate, pauper, and criminal classes to the United being made in the present system of ticket brokerage; which was States; which were ordered to lie on the table. referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. 1\Ir. ELKINS presented the memorials of S.M. Anderson and Mr. SEWELL presented the petitions of Ellsworth Jacobus and 19 other citizens; of I. N. Beeson and 19 other citizens; of W. B. 52 other citizens of Boonton~ Dover, Harrison, and Wyoming; of Freeborn and 15 other citizens, and of A. Paul aud 49 other citi William Hobrough and 48 other citizens of Little Silver, Ocean zens, all in the State of West Virginia, remonstrating against any port, Fairhaven, and Redbank; of Alfred Linden a.nd 45 other cit change being made in the present system of ticket brokerage; izens of Madison; of RobertS. Brown and 78 other citizens of Vin which were refered to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. centown, Mount Holly, and Tabernacle, and of Bell Yanzer and Mr. GRAY presented a petition of 100 members of Union Vet 31 other citizens of Hamburg, all in the State of New Jersey, eran Legion No. 45, of Butler, Pa., praying for the enactment of praying for the enactment of legislation which will more effectu legislation granting a per diem or graded service pension to every ally restrict immigration and prevent the admission of illiterate, honorably discharged soldier, sailor, marine, or their widows; pauper, and criminal classes to the United States; which were which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. ordered to lie on the table. Mr. FORAKER presented the petitions of Augusta L. Logan