Chapter VI

Michigan’s Congressional Delegation

Introduction...... 405 ’s Congressional Delegation — The 114th U .S . Congress...... 407 Former Members of the U .S . Congress From Michigan...... 419 Dates of Congressional Elections, 1835-2014...... 440

2015–2016

INTRODUCTION

The Congress is the lawmaking branch of the federal government. It is a bicameral (two-house) legislature, consisting of the 100-member senate and the 435-member house of repre­ senta­tives. Each state has 2 senators who are elected statewide and serve 6-year terms. A senator must be at least 30 years of age, a citizen of the United States for at least 9 years, and a resident of the state from which he or she is elected. The number of members a state has in the house of representatives is determined according to population. A house member, who serves a 2-year term, must be at least 25 years of age, a citizen of the United States for at least 7 years, and a resident of the state from which he or she is elected. The house of representatives is reapportioned after each decennial census to accommodate shifts in population. Michigan’s 16-member congressional delegation consists of 2 senators, both of whom are elected on a statewide basis, and 14 members of the house of representatives who are elected from congressional districts last apportioned by Act 128 of the Public Acts of 2011, enacted on August 24, 2011. The average population of these house districts is 705,974. After reaching a peak representation of 19 members in the house during the 1960s, the state’s delegation lost one house seat after the 1980 census, two more house seats after the 1990 census, and one more house seat after both the 2000 and 2010 census, reducing the number of Michigan seats in the house of representatives to 14.

Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION • 405

MICHIGAN’S CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION THE 114TH U.S. CONGRESS

U.S. SENATORS

Gary Peters (D–Bloomfield Township) (Term Expires January 3, 2021)

Debbie Stabenow (D–Lansing) (Term Expires January 3, 2019)

U.S. REPRESENTATIVES (Terms Expire January 3, 2017)

Justin Amash (R–Grand Rapids)...... District 3 (R–Crystal Falls)...... District 1 Michael D. Bishop (R–Rochester)...... District 8 , Jr. (D–) ...... District 13 (D–Dearborn) ...... District 12 (R–Zeeland) ...... District 2 Daniel Kildee (D–Flint)...... District 5 (D–Southfield)...... District 14 Sander M. Levin (D–Royal Oak)...... District 9 Candice S. Miller (R–Harrison Township). . . . District 10 (R–Midland) ...... District 4 (R–Birmingham)...... District 11 Fred S. Upton (R–St . Joseph)...... District 6 (R–Tipton) ...... District 7

Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION • 407 SENATOR

Office: 724 Hart Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20510. Phone: (202) 224-6221

Biography: Democrat, of Bloomfield Township; born December 1, 1958, in Pontiac; fifth generation­ Oakland County resident; married to Colleen Ochoa; father of 3 children, Gary, Jr., Madeleine, and Alana; graduate, Rochester High School; B.A., ; M.B.A., finance, University of Detroit; J.D., Law School; master’s degree, philosophy, Michigan State University; Lieutenant Commander, United States Naval Reserve; more than 20 years of experience in financial sector as an investment advisor; professor, ; former professor, Central Michigan University; former Michigan Lottery Commissioner; former member, Rochester Hills City Council, 1991-1992; elected to the , 1995 to 2002; elected to the U.S. House of Representa­ tives, 2008, 2010, 2012; member, House Financial Services Committee; elected to the U.S. Senate, November 2014; currently serves on the Joint Economic Committee and the Senate Committees on Commerce, Science, and Transportation; Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs; Small Business and Entrepreneurship.

408 • Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 SENATOR

Office: 133 Hart Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20510-2203, (202) 224-4822, www.stabenow.senate.gov

Biography: Democrat, of Lansing; born April 29, 1950, in Gladwin, raised in Clare; two children, Todd and Michelle; a daughter-in-law, Sara; a son-in-law, Scott; three grandchildren; B.A., Michigan State University, 1972; M.S.W., Michigan State University, 1975; served in Michigan House of Representatives, 1979-1990, and Michigan Senate, 1991-1994; chair, Ingham County Board of Commissioners, 1975-1978; co-founder of the Michigan Leader­ ship Institute, Inc., which specializes in leadership development and team building training for organizations and individuals; member, United Methodist Church; elected to U.S. House of Representatives, November 1996, served two terms; elected to U.S. Senate, November 2000; currently serving on the Joint Committee on Taxation and the Senate Committees on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry; Budget; Energy and Natural Re­sources; and Finance. The Senator has been recognized nationally with over 200 awards by families, small businesses, and organizations for leadership and public service­ including Michiganian of the Year (1982), The Detroit News; Outstanding Young American (1986), U.S. Jaycees; Legislator of the Year (1989), Child Welfare League of America; 1990 ATHENA Award; Congressional Leadership Award (2005), National Urban League; Great Lakes Legislator of the Year (2005), Great Lakes Maritime Task Force; Legis­lator of the Year (2005), Michigan Association of Firefighters; Health Care Cham­ pion Award (2012), American Hospital Association; Nathan Davis Award for Outstanding­ Government Service (2012), American Medical Association; Champion of Agriculture (2013), Michigan Agri-Business Association.

Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION • 409 U.S. Representative R–3rd Congressional District

District: Counties of Barry, Ionia, and Kent (part) Office: 114 Cannon House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-3831 Biography: Republican, of Cascade; born April 18, 1980, in Grand Rapids; wife, Kara; children, Alexander, Anwen and Evelyn; A.B., economics, ; J.D., Univer­ sity of Michigan Law School; business lawyer and small business owner; member, St. Nicholas Antiochian Orthodox Christian Church, State Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids Bar Association, Right to Life of Michigan, National Rifle Association, The Economic Club of Grand Rapids, Kent County Republican Executive Committee, Alumni Associa­ ­ tion of the University of Michigan, American Legislative Exchange Council Civil Justice Task Force; commissioner, Uniform Law Commission; chair, Liberty Caucus; elected Republican precinct delegate, 2008; elected to the Michigan House of Representatives, 2008; elected to 112th Congress, November 2010, re-elected in 2012 and 2014; serves on the Joint Economic Committee and House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.

U.S. Representative DAN BENISHEK R–1st Congressional District

District: Counties of Alcona, Alger, Alpena, Antrim, Baraga, Benzie, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Emmet, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Houghton, Iron, Kalkaska, Keweenaw, Leelenau, Luce, Mackinac, Manistee, Marquette, Mason (part), Menominee, Montmorency, Ontonagon, Oscoda, Otsego, Presque Isle, and Schoolcraft Office: 514 Cannon House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-4735, Website: benishek.house.gov Biography: Republican, of Crystal Falls; born in Iron River; wife, Judy; 5 children, 4 grandchildren; 1970 graduate of West Iron County High School; bachelor’s degree in biology, Univer­ sity of Michigan, 1974; graduate of Wayne State University Medical School, 1978; family practice internship, St. Joseph’s Hospital in Flint; general surgery residency, Wayne State University; private practice general surgeon in Upper Peninsula since 1983; part- time staff at Oscar G. Johnson VA Medical Center, Iron Mountain, 20 years; avid hunter and fisherman; member, National Rifle Association, Gun Owners of America; elected to 112th Congress, November 2010, re-elected in 2012 and 2014; member, Agriculture Committee, Natural Resources Committee, and Veterans’ Affairs Committee.

410 • Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 U.S. Representative MICHAEL D. BISHOP R–8th Congressional District

District: Counties of Ingham, Livingston, Oakland (part) Office: 428 Cannon House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-4872 Biography: Republican, of Rochester; born at Almont, Michigan; married to Cristina; son Benjamin, daughter Gabriella, son Nathan Michael; B.A., history, 1989, University of Michigan; Spanish language and Spanish history study abroad, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain, summer 1988; J.D., 1993, Detroit College of Law with a term studying international law and business at Cambridge University in England and the University of Paris-Sorbonne in France; real estate broker’s license, 1994, Curry Management Institute; member, Bar of the Supreme Court of the United States, State Bar of Michigan, Washington D.C. Bar, American Bar Association, Oakland County Bar Association, Sports Lawyers Asso­ ciation; member, Michigan Association of REALTORS; president and owner of Freedom Realty, Inc., and of Pro Management, Inc.; former local prosecuting attorney; practicing attorney; formerly employed, Chief Legal Office, International Bancard Corporation; formerly taught at Thomas M. Cooley Law School; member, Republican State Com­ mittee; 1996 Republican nominee for the University of Michigan Board of Regents; elected to the House of Representatives, 1998, 2000; elected to the State Senate, 2002, 2006; elected Senate Majority Leader, 2007; elected U.S. House of Representatives, 2014. Currently serving on the House Committee on the Judiciary and the House Education and the Workforce Committee.

Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION • 411 U.S. Representative JOHN CONYERS, JR. D–13th Congressional District

District: Counties of Allegan (part), Kent (part), Lake, Mason, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oceana, and Ottawa Office: 2426 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-5126, Website: www.conyers.house.gov Biography: Democrat, of Detroit; born May 16, 1929, son of John and Lucille Conyers; B.A., Wayne State University, 1957; J.D., Wayne State Law School, 1958; honorary LL.D., Wilberforce University, 1969; married to Monica; two sons, John III and Carl Edward; Tabernacle Baptist Church; officer, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, served one year in Korea, awarded combat and merit citations; legislative assistant to Congressman , 1958-1961; senior partner in firm of Conyers, Bell and Townsend, 1959-1961; referee, Michigan Workmen’s Compensation Department, 1961-1963; director of edu­ca­ tion, Local 900 UAW; executive board member, Detroit Branch NAACP and Wolverine Bar Association; advisory council member, Michigan Civil Liberties Union; general counsel, Detroit Trade Union Leadership Council; vice chair, National Board of Americans for Democratic Action, National Advisory Board – American Civil Liberties Union; board member, director, sponsor, and/or member of over 75 other organiza­ tions, including the African-American Institute, Trans Africa Commission for Racial Justice, Detroit Institute of Art, National Alliance Against Racist and Political Repression, and National League of Cities; author of numerous articles; ranking member, Judiciary Committee; founding member and dean, Congressional Black Caucus; recipient, Southern Christian Leadership Conference award and honorary degree from several colleges and universities; first elected to the 89th Congress in 1964, and reelected to each succeeding Congress.

412 • Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 U.S. Representative DEBBIE DINGELL D–12th Congressional District

District: Counties of Washtenaw (part) and Wayne (part) Office: 116 Cannon House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-4071 Biography: Democrat, of Dearborn; born in Detroit; married to former U.S. Congressman John Dingell, Jr.; extensive extended family of stepchildren, godchildren, grandchildren and nieces and nephews; bachelor’s degree in foreign service from Georgetown University and master’s degree in liberal studies from Georgetown University; presi­ dent of the GM Foundation and a senior executive responsible for public affairs; member, former Wayne State University Board of Governors, 8 years; founding chair, National Women’s Health Resource Center and Children’s Inn at the National Institutes of Health; member, Michigan Women’s Foundation, Michigan Women’s Economic Club, Susan B. Koman Foundation, and Barbara Karmanos Cancer Center; co-founder, Race for the Cures in Michigan and Washington, D.C.; former chair, Michigan Infant Mortality Task Force – Baby your Baby public education campaign; board member, Michigan’s Children; served on the Early Childhood Investment Corporation and the Cherry Commission on Higher Education and Economic Growth; chair, Metropoli­ ­tan Affairs Coalition; past chair and member of the Parade Company board of directors; co-hosted “Am I Right” on Detroit Public Television; member, Democratic National Committee; elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, 2014. The Congresswoman­ is currently a member of the House Budget Committee and the House Natural Resources Committee.

Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION • 413 U.S. Representative BILL HUIZENGA R–2nd Congressional District

District: Counties of Allegan (part), Kent (part), Lake, Mason, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oceana, and Ottawa Office: 1217 Longworth House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-4401, Website: huizenga.house.gov Biography: Republican, of Zeeland; born January 31, 1969; graduated from Holland Christian High School; bachelor’s degree, political science, Calvin College; wife, Natalie; 5 children; realtor, co-owner, Huizenga Gravel; former director of public policy, Congress man ; member, National Federation of Independent Business, local chamber of commerce; president, College Republican Club at Calvin College; Michigan Rural Health Association and Right to Life of Michigan representative; elected to the Michigan House of Representatives, 2002, 2004, 2006; elected to the 112th Congress, November 2010, re-elected 2012 and 2014; serves on the Committee on Financial Services and is Vice-Chair of the Monetary Policy and Trade Subcommittee.

U.S. Representative DANIEL T. KILDEE D–5th Congressional District

District: Counties of Genesee, Bay, Arenac, Iosco and parts of Saginaw and Tuscola Office: 227 Cannon House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-3611, Website: www.dankildee.house.gov Biography: Democrat, of Flint; born August 11, 1958, in Flint; married to Jennifer, three children, Ryan, Kenneth, and Katy; B.A., Central Michigan University, completed a fellowship at the Kennedy School at in 2005; co-creator, Genesee County Land Bank, president/co-founder, Center for Community Progress; former treasurer, Genesee County; former commissioner and chair of the board of commissioners, Genesee County; former member Flint Board of Education; elected to Congress in 2012 and 2014; member, House Financial Services Committee; currently serves as Senior Whip and on the House Democratic Policy and Communications Committee and the President’s Export Council.

414 • Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 U.S. Representative BRENDA LAWRENCE D–14th Congressional District

District: Counties of Oakland (part) and Wayne (part) Office: 1237 Longworth House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-5802 Biography: Democrat, of Southfield; born in Detroit; married to McArthur; two children and one granddaughter; bachelor’s degree in Public Administration from Central Michigan University; employed 30 years with the U.S. Postal Service; member, the Miracle League and Girl Scouts of America; member, U.S. Conference of Mayors and the Democratic National Committee; served on the Southfield School Board as president, vice-president, and secretary; served on the Southfield City Council, 11 years as mayor of Southfield; elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, 2014. Serves as a Senior Whip and member of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee and the Small Business Committee.

U.S. Representative SANDER M. LEVIN D–9th Congressional District

District: Counties of Oakland (part) and Macomb (part) Office: 1236 Longworth House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-4961, Website: www.house.gov/levin; District Office: 27085 Gratiot Avenue, Roseville, MI 48066, (586) 498-7122, (248) 968-2025 Biography: Democrat, of Royal Oak; born September 6, 1931, at Detroit; widowed, married over 50 years to the former Victoria Schlafer; children, Jennifer, Andrew, Madeleine, Matthew; ten grandchildren; married to Pamela Cole; graduate, Central High School, Detroit; B.A., University of , 1952; M.A., international relations, Columbia University, 1954; LL.B., Harvard University, 1957; practiced law with Schwartz, O’Hare and Levin, specializing in labor-management relations law and trust fund work; Oakland County Board of Supervisors, 1961-1964; Michigan State Senate, 1965-1970; former Democratic candidate for governor, 1970 and 1974; adjunct professor of law, Wayne State University, 1971-1974, teaching courses in legislation and urban law; counsel to firm of Jaffee, Snider, Raitt, Garratt and Heuer, Detroit, 1971-1974; Assistant Administrator for Population Programs, Agency for International Development, 1977‑1981; elected to the 98th Congress, November 1982, and to each succeeding Congress; ranking member, House Ways and Means Committee.

Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION • 415 U.S. Representative CANDICE S. MILLER R–10th Congressional District

District: Counties of Huron, Sanilac, Lapeer, St. Clair, Macomb (part), and Tuscola (part) Office: 320 Cannon House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-2106 Biography: Republican, of Macomb County; born in 1964 at St. Clair Shores; attended Macomb County Community College and Northwood University; married to Macomb County Circuit Court Judge Donald G. Miller; one daughter; worked in her family’s small business before entering public service; elected to the Harrison Township Board of Trustees in 1979; elected to Harrison Township supervisor, 1980, becoming the young­ est supervisor in township’s history and the first woman elected to the post; elected Macomb County Treasurer, 1992; served two terms as Michigan’s Secretary of State, where she made customer service the operative phrase of her administra­tion; designed a program that led to vast improvements in the way the department administered service; under her leadership the Michigan Department of State became the first state agency to become interactive with its customers via the internet and become the model on how to deliver effective government service; developed Michigan’s qualified voter file which has been hailed as a national model by the Ford-Carter Commission on National Election Reform; under her leadership the Michigan Depart­ ment of State was recognized by the NAACP with the highest grade in the nation for election reform activities; elected to the 108th U.S. Congress, November 2002, and to each succeeding Congress; Chair, Committee on House Administration; Vice Chair, Committee on Homeland Security; Chair, Homeland Security Subcommittee on Border and Maritime Security; and member, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure.

U.S. Representative JOHN MOOLENAAR R–4th Congressional District

District: Counties of Clare, Clinton, Gladwin, Gratiot, Isabella, Mecosta, Midland, Missaukee, Ogemaw, Osceola, Roscommon, Saginaw, Shiawassee, and Wexford Office: 117 Cannon House Office Building, Washington DC 20515, (202) 225-3561 Biography: Republican, of Midland; born May 8, 1961; married with six children; attended , bachelor’s degree, chemistry; Harvard University, master’s degree, public administration; administrator, Midland Academy of Advanced and Creative Studies; former member, Midland city council; director of business development, MITECH+; elected to the House of Representatives, 2002, 2004, 2006; elected to the State Senate, 2010; elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, 2014; currently serves on the House Committees on Agriculture; Budget; and Science, Space, and Technology.

416 • Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 U.S. Representative DAVE TROTT R–11th Congressional District

District: Counties of Oakland (part) and Wayne (part) Office: 1722 Longworth House Office Building, Washington DC 20515, (202) 225-8171 Biography: Republican, of Birmingham; born in Michigan; married to Kathleen; children, Duke, Taylor, and Courtney; bachelor’s degree from the University of Michigan and law degree from Duke University; former owner, Trott and Trott law firm; member, Uni­ ver­sity of Michigan Advisory Board, Detroit Country Day School Board of Trustees, the Community House Board, Karmanos Cancer Center Board, Michigan State Build­ ing Authority Board of Trustees, and the Michigan Chamber of Commerce Board of Trustees; elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, 2014 and serves on the House Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on the Judiciary.

U.S. Representative FRED S. UPTON R–6th Congressional District

District: Counties of Allegan (part), Berrien, Cass, Kalamazoo, St. Joseph, and Van Buren Office: 2183 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-3761, Website: www.upton.house.gov Biography: Republican, of St. Joseph; born April 23, 1953; B.A., journalism, University of Michigan, 1975; married Amey Rulon-Miller, 1983; children, Meg and Stephen; community liaison, U.S. Representative , 1975-1980; legislative assistant, Office of Management and Budget, 1981-1983; Deputy Assistant Director for Legislative Affairs – OMB, 1983-1984; Director of Congressional Affairs – OMB, 1984-1985; elected to the 100th Congress, November 1986, and each succeeding Congress; Chair, Energy and Commerce Committee, 2011 to present.

Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION • 417 U.S. Representative TIM WALBERG R–7th Congressional District

District: Counties of Eaton, Monroe, Jackson, Branch, Hillsdale, Lenawee, and Washtenaw (part) Office: 2436 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20515, (202) 225-6276 Biography: Republican, of Tipton; born in Chicago; married to Sue; children, Matthew, Heidi, and Caleb; studied at Western University, Moody Bible Institute, Taylor University­ in Fort Wayne, Indiana (formerly Fort Wayne Bible College) and Wheaton College Gradu­ate School, earning his B.S. and M.A. degrees; served as pastor for nearly 10 years; served as member of the Michigan House of Representatives, 1983-1998, gaining a reputation as a principled voice for less government spending, lower taxes, and fewer regulations, 100 percent pro-life voting record and a lifetime A+ rating from the NRA; former president of the Warren Reuther Center for Education and Community­ Impact; former division manager for the Moody Bible Institute of Chicago; elected to the 110th Congress, November 2006 and to each succeeding Congress; member, Education and the Workforce Committee and is Chair of the Workforce Protections Subcommit­ tee.­ In addition, he serves on the House Oversight and Govern­ ­ ment Reform Committee.

418 • Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 MEMBERS OF THE U.S. CONGRESS FROM MICHIGAN, SERVING 1837-2015 U.S. SENATORS

Lucius Lyon (D)1 ...... 1836-1840 Julius C. Burrows (R) ...... 1895-1911 John Norvell1 ...... 1836-1841 Russell A. Alger (R)9 ...... 1902-1907 Augustus S. Porter2 ...... 1840-1845 (R) ...... 1907-1919 (W) ...... 1841-1847 Charles E. Townsend (R)10 . . . . . 1911-1923 (D)3 ...... 1845-1848 Truman H. Newberry (R)11 . . . . . 1919-1922 (D) ...... 1847-1853 James Couzens (R)12 ...... 1922-1936 Thomas Fitzgerald (D) ...... 1848-1849 Woodbridge N. Ferris (D)13 . . . . . 1923-1928 Lewis Cass (D) ...... 1849-1857 Arthur H. Vandenberg (R)14 . . . . . 1928-1951 Charles E. Stuart (D) ...... 1853-1859 Prentiss M. Brown (D) ...... 1936-1943 (R) ...... 1857-1875 Homer Ferguson (R) ...... 1943-1954 Kinsley S. Bingham (R)4 ...... 1859-1861 (D) ...... 1951-1953 Jacob M. Howard (R) ...... 1862-1871 Charles E. Potter (R) ...... 1953-1959 Thomas W. Ferry (R) ...... 1871-1883 Patrick V. McNamara (D)15 . . . . . 1955-1966 Isaac P. Christiancy (R)5 ...... 1875-1879 Philip A. Hart (D)16 ...... 1959-1976 Zachariah Chandler (R)6 ...... 1879-1979 Robert P. Griffin (R) ...... 1966-1979 Henry P. Baldwin (R) ...... 1879-1881 Donald W. Riegle, Jr. (D) ...... 1976-1994 Omar D. Conger (R) ...... 1881-1887 (D) ...... 1979-2014 Thomas W. Palmer (R) ...... 1883-1889 (R) ...... 1995-2000 Francis B. Stockbridge (R)7 . . . . . 1887-1894 Debbie Stabenow (D) ...... 2001-1979 James McMillan (R)8 ...... 1889-1902 Gary Peters (D) ...... 2015-1979 John Patton, Jr. (R) ...... 1894-1895

Political Party Designations D — Democrat R — Republican W — Whig Information on party affiliation was not always available; therefore, some individuals may be listed without this data.

01 First elected U.S. senator from Michigan, elected November 10, 1835, following adoption of the Constitution of 1835. However, due to Michigan’s dispute with the U.S. Congress over the Toledo Strip and the state’s admission to the Union, Congress refused to accept their credentials until it admitted Michigan as a state January 26, 1837. See U.S. Const, art I, § 3, cl 1, 2; art I, § 4, cl 1; art I, § 5, cl 1; legislative resolution approved November 10, 1835. 2 Elected January 20, 1840, for a 6-year term beginning March 4, 1839. On February 13, 1839, the legislature in joint convention failed, after six votes, to elect a successor to . A vote was not taken again until January 20, 1840. See Revised Statutes of 1838, title II, chapter 10. 3 Resigned May 29, 1848; Thomas Fitzgerald appointed to fill vacancy June 8, 1848. Cass became the 1848 Democratic nominee for U.S. president, but lost to Zachary Taylor; he was elected to fill the remainder of his own vacancy January 20, 1849. See Revised Statutes of 1846, title II, chapter 11. 4 Died October 5, 1861; Jacob M. Howard elected to fill vacancy January 4, 1862. See Act 175 of the Extra Session of 1851, Laws of Michigan. 5 Resigned February 10, 1879; Zachariah Chandler elected to fill vacancy February 19, 1879. See Act 1 of 1869, Laws of Michigan. 6 Died November 1, 1879; Henry P. Baldwin appointed November 17, 1879, and elected to fill remainder of Christiancy’s unexpired term January 19, 1881. 7 Died April 30, 1894; John Patton, Jr. appointed to fill vacancy May 5, 1894; Julius C. Burrows elected to fill remainder of unexpired term January 16, 1895. 8 Died August 10, 1902; Russell A. Alger appointed to fill vacancy September 17, 1902, and elected to fill remainder of unexpired term January 21, 1903. 9 Died January 24, 1907; William Alden Smith elected to fill remainder of unexpired term February 6, 1907. 10 First senator nominated for office through the direct primary system, September 1910, and first senator elected by direct vote of the people, November 1916. See Act 281 of 1909; U.S. Const, art XVII; Act 24 of 1915; Act 156 of 1915. 11 Resigned November 19, 1922; James Couzens appointed to fill vacancy November 29, 1922, and elected to fill remainder of unexpired term November 4, 1924. See Act 156 of 1915; Act 199 of 1923. 12 Died October 22, 1936; Prentiss M. Brown appointed to fill vacancy November 16, 1936. 13 Died March 23, 1928; Arthur H. Vandenberg appointed to fill vacancy March 31, 1928, and elected to remainder of unexpired term November 6, 1928. 14 Died April 18, 1951; Blair Moody appointed to fill vacancy April 23, 1951, and Charles E. Potter elected to fill remainder of unexpired term November 4, 1952. 15 Died April 30, 1966; Robert P. Griffin appointed to fill vacancy May 11, 1966. See Act 116 of 1954. 16 Died December 26, 1976; Donald W. Riegle, Jr., appointed to fill vacancy December 30, 1976.

Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION • 419 U.S. REPRESENTATIVES

Congress Session Years Representative District1

24 1835-1836 Isaac E. Crary (D)2 25 1837-1838 Isaac E. Crary (D) 26 1839-1840 Isaac E. Crary (D) 27 1841-1842 Jacob M. Howard (W) 283 1843-1844 James B. Hunt (D) ...... 3 Lucius Lyon (D) ...... 2 Robert McClelland (D) ...... 1 29 1845-1846 John S. Chipman (D) ...... 2 James B. Hunt (D) ...... 3 Robert McClelland (D) ...... 1 30 1847-1848 Kinsley S. Bingham (D) ...... 3 Edward Bradley (D)4 ...... 2 Robert McClelland (D) ...... 1 Charles E. Stuart (D) ...... 2 31 1849-1850 Kinsley S. Bingham (D) ...... 3 Alexander W. Buel (D) ...... 1 William Sprague (FS) ...... 2 32 1851-1852 James L. Conger ...... 3 Ebenezer J. Penniman (W) ...... 1 Charles E. Stuart (D) ...... 2 335 1853-1854 Samuel Clark ...... 3 David A. Noble (D) ...... 2 Hestor L. Stevens (D) ...... 4 David Stuart (D) ...... 1 34 1855-1856 William A. Howard (R) ...... 1 George W. Peck (D) ...... 4 David S. Walbridge (R) ...... 3 (R) ...... 2 35 1857-1858 William A. Howard (R) ...... 1 DeWitt C. Leach (R) ...... 4 David S. Walbridge (R) ...... 3 Henry Waldron (R) ...... 2 36 1859-1860 George B. Cooper (D)6 ...... 1 William A. Howard (R)6 ...... 1 Francis W. Kellogg (R) ...... 3 DeWitt C. Leach (R) ...... 4 Henry Waldron (R) ...... 2 37 1861-1862 Fernando C. Beaman (R) ...... 2 Bradley F. Granger (R) ...... 1 Francis W. Kellogg (R) ...... 3 Rowland E. Trowbridge (R) ...... 4 387 1863-1864 Augustus C. Baldwin (D) ...... 5 Fernando C. Beaman (R) ...... 1 John F. Driggs (R) ...... 6 Francis W. Kellogg (R) ...... 4 John W. Longyear (R) ...... 3 (R) ...... 2 39 1865-1866 Fernando C. Beaman (R) ...... 1 John F. Driggs (R) ...... 6 Thomas W. Ferry (R) ...... 4 John W. Longyear (R) ...... 3 Rowland E. Trowbridge (R) ...... 5 Charles Upson (R) ...... 2 40 1867-1868 Fernando C. Beaman (R) ...... 1 (R) ...... 3 John F. Driggs (R) ...... 6 Thomas W. Ferry (R) ...... 4 Rowland E. Trowbridge (R) ...... 5 Charles Upson (R) ...... 2

Information on party affiliation was not always available; therefore, some individuals may be listed without this data.

420 • Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 U.S. REPRESENTATIVES (Cont.)

Congress Session Years Representative District

41 1869-1870 Fernando C. Beaman (R) ...... 1 Austin Blair (R) ...... 3 Omar D. Conger (R) ...... 5 Thomas W. Ferry (R) ...... 4 William L. Stoughton (R) ...... 2 Randolph Strickland (R) ...... 6 42 1871-1872 Austin Blair (R) ...... 3 Omar D. Conger (R) ...... 5 Thomas W. Ferry (R)8 ...... 4 Wilder D. Foster (R) ...... 4 William L. Stoughton (R) ...... 2 Jabez G. Sutherland (D) ...... 6 Henry Waldron (R) ...... 1 439 1873-1874 Josiah Begole (R) ...... 6 Nathan B. Bradley (R) ...... 8 Julius C. Burrows (R) ...... 4 Omar D. Conger (R) ...... 7 Moses W. Field (R) ...... 1 Wilder D. Foster (R)10 ...... 5 Jay A. Hubbell (R) ...... 9 Henry Waldron (R) ...... 2 George Willard (R) ...... 3 William B. Williams (R) ...... 5 44 1875-1876 Nathan B. Bradley (R) ...... 8 Omar D. Conger (R) ...... 7 George H. Durand (D) ...... 6 Jay A. Hubbell (R) ...... 9 (Ind) ...... 4 Henry Waldron (R) ...... 2 George Willard (R) ...... 3 Alpheus S. Williams (D) ...... 1 William B. Williams (R) ...... 5 45 1877-1878 Mark S. Brewer (R) ...... 6 Omar D. Conger (R) ...... 7 Charles C. Ellsworth (R) ...... 8 Jay A. Hubbell (R) ...... 9 Edwin W. Keightley (R) ...... 4 Jonas H. McGowan (R) ...... 3 John W. Stone (R) ...... 5 Alpheus S. Williams (D)11 ...... 1 (R) ...... 2 46 1879-1880 Mark S. Brewer (R) ...... 6 Julius C. Burrows (R) ...... 4 Omar D. Conger (R) ...... 7 Roswell G. Horr (R) ...... 8 Jay A. Hubbell (R) ...... 9 Jonas H. McGowan (R) ...... 3 John S. Newberry (R) ...... 1 John W. Stone (R) ...... 5 Edwin Willits (R) ...... 2 47 1881-1882 Julius C. Burrows (R) ...... 4 Omar D. Conger (R)12 ...... 7 Roswell G. Horr (R) ...... 8 Jay A. Hubbell (R) ...... 9 Edward S. Lacey (R) ...... 3 Henry W. Lord (R) ...... 1 John T. Rich (R) ...... 7 Oliver L. Spaulding (R) ...... 6 George W. Webber (R) ...... 5 Edwin Willits (R) ...... 2 4813 1883-1884 Edward Breitung (R) ...... 11 Ezra C. Carleton (Fus) ...... 7 Byron M. Cutcheon (R) ...... 9 Nathaniel B. Eldredge (D) ...... 2 Herschel H. Hatch (R) ...... 10 Roswell G. Horr (R) ...... 8

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48 (Cont.) Julius Houseman (Fus) ...... 5 Edward S. Lacey (R) ...... 3 William C. Maybury (Fus) ...... 1 Edwin B. Winans (Fus) ...... 6 George L. Yaple (Fus) ...... 4 49 1885-1886 Julius C. Burrows (R) ...... 4 Ezra C. Carleton (Fus) ...... 7 Charles C. Comstock (D) ...... 5 Byron M. Cutcheon (R) ...... 9 Nathaniel B. Eldredge (D&U) ...... 2 Spencer O. Fisher (D) ...... 10 William C. Maybury (Fus) ...... 1 Seth C. Moffatt (R) ...... 11 James O’Donnell (R) ...... 3 Timothy E. Tarsney (Fus) ...... 8 Edwin B. Winans (Fus) ...... 6 50 1887-1888 Edward P. Allen (R) ...... 2 Mark S. Brewer (R) ...... 6 Julius C. Burrows (R) ...... 4 J. Logan Chipman (D) ...... 1 Byron M. Cutcheon (R) ...... 9 Spencer O. Fisher (D) ...... 10 Melbourne H. Ford (D) ...... 5 Seth C. Moffatt (R)14 ...... 11 James O’Donnell (R) ...... 3 Henry W. Seymour (R) ...... 11 Timothy E. Tarsney (Fus) ...... 8 Justin R. Whiting (Fus) ...... 7 51 1889-1890 Edward P. Allen (R) ...... 2 Charles E. Belknap (R) ...... 5 Aaron T. Bliss (R) ...... 8 Mark S. Brewer (R) ...... 6 Julius C. Burrows (R) ...... 4 J. Logan Chipman (D) ...... 1 Byron M. Cutcheon (R) ...... 9 James O’Donnell (R) ...... 3 Samuel M. Stephenson (R) ...... 11 Frank W. Wheeler (R) ...... 10 Justin R. Whiting (Fus) ...... 7 52 1891-1892 Charles E. Belknap (R) ...... 5 Julius C. Burrows (R) ...... 4 J. Logan Chipman (D) ...... 1 Melbourne H. Ford (D)15 ...... 5 James S. Gorman (D) ...... 2 James O’Donnell (R) ...... 3 Samuel M. Stephenson (R) ...... 11 Byron G. Stout (D&U) ...... 6 Thomas A. E. Weadock (D) ...... 10 Harrison H. Wheeler (R) ...... 9 Justin R. Whiting (Fus) ...... 7 Henry M. Youmans (D) ...... 8 5316 1893-1894 David D. Aitken (R) ...... 6 (R) ...... 11 Julius C. Burrows (R) ...... 3 J. Logan Chipman (D)17 ...... 1 James S. Gorman (D) ...... 2 Levi T. Griffin (D) ...... 1 William S. Linton (R) ...... 8 John W. Moon (R) ...... 9 George F. Richardson (D)18 ...... 5 Samuel M. Stephenson (R) ...... 12 Henry F. Thomas (R) ...... 4 Thomas A. E. Weadock (D) ...... 10 Justin R. Whiting (D) ...... 7 54 1895-1896 David D. Aitken (R) ...... 6 John Avery (R) ...... 11 Roswell P. Bishop (R) ...... 9

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54 (Cont.) Julius C. Burrows (R)19 ...... 3 John B. Corliss (R) ...... 1 Rousseau O. Crump (R) ...... 10 William S. Linton (R) ...... 8 (R) ...... 3 William Alden Smith (R) ...... 5 Horace G. Snover (R) ...... 7 (R) ...... 2 Samuel M. Stephenson (R) ...... 12 Henry F. Thomas (R) ...... 4 55 1897-1898 Roswell P. Bishop (R) ...... 9 Ferdinand Brucker (DPUS) ...... 8 John B. Corliss (R) ...... 1 Rousseau O. Crump (R) ...... 10 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 William S. Mesick (R) ...... 11 Carlos D. Shelden (R) ...... 12 Samuel W. Smith (R) ...... 6 William Alden Smith (R) ...... 5 Horace G. Snover (R) ...... 7 George Spalding (R) ...... 2 Albert M. Todd (DPUS) ...... 3 56 1899-1900 Roswell P. Bishop (R) ...... 9 John B. Corliss (R) ...... 1 Rousseau O. Crump (R) ...... 10 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 (R) ...... 3 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 William S. Mesick (R) ...... 11 Carlos D. Shelden (R) ...... 12 Henry C. Smith (R) ...... 2 Samuel W. Smith (R) ...... 6 William Alden Smith (R) ...... 5 Edgar Weeks (R) ...... 7 57 1901-1902 Henry H. Aplin (R) ...... 10 Roswell P. Bishop (R) ...... 9 John B. Corliss (R) ...... 1 Rousseau O. Crump (R)20 ...... 10 Archibald B. Darragh (R) ...... 11 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Washington Gardner (R) ...... 3 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 Carlos D. Shelden (R) ...... 12 Henry C. Smith (R) ...... 2 Samuel W. Smith (R) ...... 6 William Alden Smith (R) ...... 5 Edgar Weeks (R) ...... 7 58 1903-1904 Roswell P. Bishop (R) ...... 9 Archibald B. Darragh (R) ...... 11 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Washington Gardner (R) ...... 3 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 George A. Loud (R) ...... 10 (D) ...... 1 Henry McMorran (R) ...... 7 Samuel W. Smith (R) ...... 6 William Alden Smith (R) ...... 5 Charles E. Townsend (R) ...... 2 H. Olin Young (R) ...... 12 59 1905-1906 Roswell P. Bishop (R) ...... 9 Archibald B. Darragh (R) ...... 11 (R) ...... 1 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Washington Gardner (R) ...... 3 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 George A. Loud (R) ...... 10 Henry McMorran (R) ...... 7

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59 (Cont.) Samuel W. Smith (R) ...... 6 William Alden Smith (R) ...... 5 Charles E. Townsend (R) ...... 2 H. Olin Young (R) ...... 12 60 1907-1908 Archibald B. Darragh (R) ...... 11 Edwin Denby (R) ...... 1 Gerrit J. Diekema (R) ...... 5 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Washington Gardner (R) ...... 3 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 George A. Loud (R) ...... 10 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Henry McMorran (R) ...... 7 Samuel W. Smith (R) ...... 6 William Alden Smith (R)21 ...... 5 Charles E. Townsend (R) ...... 2 H. Olin Young (R) ...... 12 61 1909-1910 Edwin Denby (R) ...... 1 Gerrit J. Diekema (R) ...... 5 Francis H. Dodds (R) ...... 11 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Washington Gardner (R) ...... 3 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 George A. Loud (R) ...... 10 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Henry McMorran (R) ...... 7 Samuel W. Smith (R) ...... 6 Charles E. Townsend (R) ...... 2 H. Olin Young (R) ...... 12 62 1911-1912 Francis H. Dodds (R) ...... 11 Frank E. Doremus (D) ...... 1 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 George A. Loud (R) ...... 10 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Henry McMorran (R) ...... 7 John M. C. Smith (R) ...... 3 Samuel W. Smith (R) ...... 6 Edwin F. Sweet (D) ...... 5 William W. Wedemeyer (R) ...... 2 H. Olin Young (R) ...... 12 6322 1913-1914 Samuel W. Beakes (D) ...... 2 Louis C. Cramton (R) ...... 7 Frank E. Doremus (D) ...... 1 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 Patrick H. Kelley (R)23 Francis O. Lindquist (R) ...... 11 William J. MacDonald (Prog)24 ...... 12 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 John M. C. Smith (R) ...... 3 Samuel W. Smith (R) ...... 6 Roy O. Woodruff (Prog) ...... 10 H. Olin Young (R)24 ...... 12 64 1915-1916 Samuel W. Beakes (D) ...... 2 Louis C. Cramton (R) ...... 7 Frank E. Doremus (D) ...... 1 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 Patrick H. Kelley (R) ...... 6 George A. Loud (R) ...... 10 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Charles A. Nichols (R) ...... 13 Frank D. Scott (R) ...... 11 John M. C. Smith (R) ...... 3

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65 1917-1918 Mark R. Bacon (R)25 ...... 2 Samuel W. Beakes (D)25 ...... 2 Louis C. Cramton (R) ...... 7 Gilbert A. Currie (R) ...... 10 Frank E. Doremus (D) ...... 1 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 Patrick H. Kelley (R) ...... 6 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Charles A. Nichols (R) ...... 13 Frank D. Scott (R) ...... 11 John M. C. Smith (R) ...... 3 66 1919-1920 Louis C. Cramton (R) ...... 7 Gilbert A. Currie (R) ...... 10 Frank E. Doremus (D) ...... 1 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 Edward L. Hamilton (R) ...... 4 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 Patrick H. Kelley (R) ...... 6 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Clarence J. McLeod (R) ...... 13 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Charles A. Nichols (R)26 ...... 13 Frank D. Scott (R) ...... 11 John M. C. Smith (R) ...... 3 67 1921-1922 Vincent M. Brennan (R) ...... 13 George P. Codd (R) ...... 1 Louis C. Cramton (R) ...... 7 Joseph W. Fordney (R) ...... 8 William H. Frankhauser (R)27 ...... 3 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 Patrick H. Kelley (R) ...... 6 John C. Ketcham (R) ...... 4 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Frank D. Scott (R) ...... 11 John M. C. Smith (R) ...... 3 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 68 1923-1924 Robert H. Clancy (D) ...... 1 Louis C. Cramton (R) ...... 7 Grant M. Hudson (R) ...... 6 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 John C. Ketcham (R) ...... 4 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Clarence J. McLeod (R) ...... 13 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Frank D. Scott (R) ...... 11 John M. C. Smith (R)28 ...... 3 Bird J. Vincent (R) ...... 8 Arthur B. Williams (R) ...... 3 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 69 1925-1926 Louis C. Cramton (R) ...... 7 Joseph L. Hooper (R) ...... 3 Grant M. Hudson (R) ...... 6 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 John C. Ketcham (R) ...... 4 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Clarence J. McLeod (R) ...... 13 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Frank D. Scott (R) ...... 11 John B. Sosnowski (R) ...... 1

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69 (Cont.) Bird J. Vincent (R) ...... 8 Arthur B. Williams (R)29 ...... 3 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 70 1927-1928 Frank P. Bohn (R) ...... 11 Robert H. Clancy (R) ...... 1 Louis C. Cramton (R) ...... 7 Joseph L. Hooper (R) ...... 3 Grant M. Hudson (R) ...... 6 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 John C. Ketcham (R) ...... 4 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Clarence J. McLeod (R) ...... 13 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Bird J. Vincent (R) ...... 8 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 71 1929-1930 Frank P. Bohn (R) ...... 11 Robert H. Clancy (R) ...... 1 Louis C. Cramton (R) ...... 7 Joseph L. Hooper (R) ...... 3 Grant M. Hudson (R) ...... 6 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 John C. Ketcham (R) ...... 4 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R) ...... 9 Clarence J. McLeod (R) ...... 13 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Bird J. Vincent (R) ...... 8 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 72 1931-1932 Frank P. Bohn (R) ...... 11 Robert H. Clancy (R) ...... 1 Michael J. Hart (D) ...... 8 Joseph L. Hooper (R) ...... 3 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 John C. Ketcham (R) ...... 4 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 James C. McLaughlin (R)30 ...... 9 Clarence J. McLeod (R) ...... 13 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Seymour H. Person (R) ...... 6 Bird J. Vincent (R)31 ...... 8 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 7332 1933-1934 Prentiss M. Brown (D) ...... 11 Claude E. Cady (D) ...... 6 John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 George Foulkes (D) ...... 4 Michael J. Hart (D) ...... 8 Joseph L. Hooper (R)33 ...... 3 W. Frank James (R) ...... 12 John C. Lehr (D) ...... 2 John Lesinski, Sr. (D) ...... 16 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 Clarence J. McLeod (R) ...... 13 Harry W. Musselwhite (D) ...... 9 George G. Sadowski (D) ...... 1 Carl M. Weideman (D) ...... 14 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 74 1935-1936 William W. Blackney (R) ...... 6 Prentiss M. Brown (D) ...... 11 Fred L. Crawford (R) ...... 8 John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 Albert J. Engel (R) ...... 9 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4

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74 (Cont.) Frank E. Hook (D) ...... 12 Henry M. Kimball (R)34 ...... 3 John Lesinski, Sr. (D) ...... 16 Verner W. Main (R) ...... 3 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 Clarence J. McLeod (R) ...... 13 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 George G. Sadowski (D) ...... 1 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 75 1937-1938 Fred L. Crawford (R) ...... 8 John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 Albert J. Engel (R) ...... 9 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 Frank E. Hook (D) ...... 12 John Lesinski, Sr. (D) ...... 16 John Luecke (D) ...... 11 Carl E. Mapes (R) ...... 5 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 George D. O’Brien (D) ...... 13 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 George G. Sadowski (D) ...... 1 Paul W. Shafer (R) ...... 3 Andrew J. Transue (D) ...... 6 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 76 1939-1940 William W. Blackney (R) ...... 6 Fred Bradley (R) ...... 11 Fred L. Crawford (R) ...... 8 John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 Albert J. Engel (R) ...... 9 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 Frank E. Hook (D) ...... 12 Bartel J. Jonkman (R) ...... 5 John Lesinski, Sr. (D) ...... 16 Carl E. Mapes (R)35 ...... 5 Clarence J. McLeod (R) ...... 13 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 Paul W. Shafer (R) ...... 3 Rudolph G. Tenerowicz (D) ...... 1 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 77 1941-1942 William W. Blackney (R) ...... 6 Fred Bradley (R) ...... 11 Fred L. Crawford (R) ...... 8 John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 Albert J. Engel (R) ...... 9 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 Frank E. Hook (D) ...... 12 Bartel J. Jonkman (R) ...... 5 John Lesinski, Sr. (D) ...... 16 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 George D. O’Brien (D) ...... 13 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 Paul W. Shafer (R) ...... 3 Rudolph G. Tenerowicz (D) ...... 1 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 78 1943-1944 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 William W. Blackney (R) ...... 6 Fred Bradley (R) ...... 11 Fred L. Crawford (R) ...... 8

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78 (Cont.) John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 Albert J. Engel (R) ...... 9 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 Bartel J. Jonkman (R) ...... 5 John Lesinski, Sr. (D) ...... 16 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 George D. O’Brien (D) ...... 13 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 George G. Sadowski (D) ...... 1 Paul W. Shafer (R) ...... 3 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 79 1945-1946 William W. Blackney (R) ...... 6 Fred Bradley (R) ...... 11 Fred L. Crawford (R) ...... 8 John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 Albert J. Engel (R) ...... 9 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 Frank E. Hook (D) ...... 12 Bartel J. Jonkman (R) ...... 5 John Lesinski, Sr. (D) ...... 16 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 George D. O’Brien (D) ...... 13 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 George G. Sadowski (D) ...... 1 Paul W. Shafer (R) ...... 3 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 80 1947-1948 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 William W. Blackney (R) ...... 6 Fred Bradley (R)36 ...... 11 Howard A. Coffin (R) ...... 13 Fred L. Crawford (R) ...... 8 John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 Albert J. Engel (R) ...... 9 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 Bartel J. Jonkman (R) ...... 5 John Lesinski, Sr. (D) ...... 16 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 Charles E. Potter (R) ...... 11 George G. Sadowski (D) ...... 1 Paul W. Shafer (R) ...... 3 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 Harold F. Youngblood (R) ...... 14 81 1949-1950 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 William W. Blackney (R) ...... 6 Fred L. Crawford (R) ...... 8 John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 Albert J. Engel (R) ...... 9 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 John Lesinski, Sr. (D) ...... 16 Earl C. Michener (R) ...... 2 George D. O’Brien (D) ...... 13 Charles E. Potter (R) ...... 11 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 George G. Sadowski (D) ...... 1 Paul W. Shafer (R) ...... 3 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 82 1951-1952 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 William W. Blackney (R) ...... 6 Fred L. Crawford (R) ...... 8

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82 (Cont.) John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 17 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 John Lesinski, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Thaddeus M. Machrowicz (D) ...... 1 (R) ...... 2 George D. O’Brien (D) ...... 13 Charles E. Potter (R) ...... 11 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 Paul W. Shafer (R) ...... 3 (R) ...... 9 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 Roy O. Woodruff (R) ...... 10 8337 1953-1954 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 Alvin M. Bentley (R) ...... 8 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 (R) ...... 6 John D. Dingell (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 18 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 Victor A. Knox (R) ...... 11 John Lesinski, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Thaddeus M. Machrowicz (D) ...... 1 George Meader (R) ...... 2 Charles G. Oakman (R) ...... 17 George D. O’Brien (D) ...... 13 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 Paul W. Shafer (R) ...... 3 Ruth Thompson (R) ...... 9 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 84 1955-1956 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 Alvin M. Bentley (R) ...... 8 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell (D)38 ...... 15 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 George A. Dondero (R) ...... 18 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 Donald Hayworth (D) ...... 6 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 August E. Johansen (R) ...... 3 Victor A. Knox (R) ...... 11 John Lesinski, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Thaddeus M. Machrowicz (D) ...... 1 George Meader (R) ...... 2 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 Ruth Thompson (R) ...... 9 Jesse P. Wolcott (R) ...... 7 85 1957-1958 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 Alvin M. Bentley (R) ...... 8 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles E. Chamberlain (R) ...... 6 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 Robert P. Griffin (R) ...... 9 Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 August E. Johansen (R) ...... 3 Victor A. Knox (R) ...... 11 John Lesinski, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Thaddeus M. Machrowicz (D) ...... 1 Robert J. McIntosh (R) ...... 7 George Meader (R) ...... 2 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14

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86 1959-1960 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 Alvin M. Bentley (R) ...... 8 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles E. Chamberlain (R) ...... 6 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 Robert P. Griffin (R) ...... 9 Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 August E. Johansen (R) ...... 3 Victor A. Knox (R) ...... 11 John Lesinski, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Thaddeus M. Machrowicz (D) ...... 1 George Meader (R) ...... 2 James G. O’Hara (D) ...... 7 Louis C. Rabaut (D) ...... 14 87 1961-1962 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles E. Chamberlain (R) ...... 6 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 Robert P. Griffin (R) ...... 9 Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 James Harvey (R) ...... 8 Clare E. Hoffman (R) ...... 4 August E. Johansen (R) ...... 3 Victor A. Knox (R) ...... 11 John Lesinski, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Thaddeus M. Machrowicz (D)39 ...... 1 George Meader (R) ...... 2 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 1 James G. O’Hara (D) ...... 7 Louis C. Rabaut (D)40 ...... 14 Harold M. Ryan (D) ...... 14 8841 1963-1964 John B. Bennett (R) ...... 12 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles E. Chamberlain (R) ...... 6 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 Robert P. Griffin (R) ...... 9 Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 James Harvey (R) ...... 8 Edward Hutchinson (R) ...... 4 August E. Johansen (R) ...... 3 Victor A. Knox (R) ...... 11 John Lesinski, Jr. (D) ...... 16 George Meader (R) ...... 2 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 1 James G. O’Hara (D) ...... 7 Harold M. Ryan (D) ...... 14 (D)42 8943 1965-1966 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles E. Chamberlain (R) ...... 6 Raymond F. Clevenger (D) ...... 11 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Billie S. Farnum (D) ...... 19 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Robert P. Griffin (R)44 ...... 9

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89 (Cont.) Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 James Harvey (R) ...... 8 Edward Hutchinson (R) ...... 4 John C. Mackie (D) ...... 7 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 14 James G. O’Hara (D) ...... 12 Paul H. Todd, Jr. (D) ...... 3 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Weston E. Vivian (D) ...... 2 90 1967-1968 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 Garry E. Brown (R) ...... 3 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles E. Chamberlain (R) ...... 6 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Marvin L. Esch (R) ...... 2 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 James Harvey (R) ...... 8 Edward Hutchinson (R) ...... 4 Jack H. McDonald (R) ...... 19 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 14 James G. O’Hara (D) ...... 12 Donald W. Riegle, Jr. (R) ...... 7 Philip E. Ruppe (R) ...... 11 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 91 1969-1970 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 Garry E. Brown (R) ...... 3 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles E. Chamberlain (R) ...... 6 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Marvin L. Esch (R) ...... 2 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 James Harvey (R) ...... 8 Edward Hutchinson (R) ...... 4 Jack H. McDonald (R) ...... 19 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 14 James G. O’Hara (D) ...... 12 Donald W. Riegle, Jr. (R) ...... 7 Philip E. Ruppe (R) ...... 11 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 92 1971-1972 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 Garry E. Brown (R) ...... 3 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles E. Chamberlain (R) ...... 6 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Marvin L. Esch (R) ...... 2 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R) ...... 5 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 James Harvey (R) ...... 8 Edward Hutchinson (R) ...... 4 Jack H. McDonald (R) ...... 19 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 14 James G. O’Hara (D) ...... 12 Donald W. Riegle, Jr. (R) ...... 7 Philip E. Ruppe (R) ...... 11 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 9345 1973-1974 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 19 Garry E. Brown (R) ...... 3

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93 (Cont.) Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 Charles E. Chamberlain (R) ...... 6 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Marvin L. Esch (R) ...... 2 Gerald R. Ford, Jr. (R)46 ...... 5 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Martha W. Griffiths (D) ...... 17 James Harvey (R)47 ...... 8 Robert J. Huber (R) ...... 18 Edward Hutchinson (R) ...... 4 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 14 James G. O’Hara (D) ...... 12 Donald W. Riegle, Jr. (D) ...... 7 Philip E. Ruppe (R) ...... 11 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Richard F. VanderVeen (D) ...... 5 94 1975-1976 James J. Blanchard (D) ...... 18 William M. Brodhead (D) ...... 17 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 19 Garry E. Brown (R) ...... 3 M. Robert Carr (D) ...... 6 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Marvin L. Esch (R) ...... 2 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Edward Hutchinson (R) ...... 4 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 14 James G. O’Hara (D) ...... 12 Donald W. Riegle, Jr. (D) ...... 7 Philip E. Ruppe (R) ...... 11 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Richard F. VanderVeen (D) ...... 5 95 1977-1978 James J. Blanchard (D) ...... 18 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 12 William M. Brodhead (D) ...... 17 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 19 Garry E. Brown (R) ...... 3 M. Robert Carr (D) ...... 6 Elford A. Cederberg (R) ...... 10 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 7 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 14 Carl D. Pursell (R) ...... 2 Philip E. Ruppe (R) ...... 11 Harold S. Sawyer (R) ...... 5 David A. Stockman (R) ...... 4 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 96 1979-1980 Donald J. Albosta (D) ...... 10 James J. Blanchard (D) ...... 18 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 12 William M. Brodhead (D) ...... 17 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 19 M. Robert Carr (D) ...... 6 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 George W. Crockett, Jr. (D) ...... 13 Robert W. Davis (R) ...... 11 Charles C. Diggs, Jr. (D)48 ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16

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96 (Cont.) William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 7 Lucien N. Nedzi (D) ...... 14 Carl D. Pursell (R) ...... 2 Harold S. Sawyer (R) ...... 5 David A. Stockman (R) ...... 4 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Howard E. Wolpe (D) ...... 3 97 1981-1982 Donald J. Albosta (D) ...... 10 James J. Blanchard (D) ...... 18 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 12 William M. Brodhead (D) ...... 17 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 19 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 George W. Crockett, Jr. (D) ...... 13 Robert W. Davis (R) ...... 11 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 James Dunn (R) ...... 6 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Dennis M. Hertel (D) ...... 14 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 7 Carl D. Pursell (R) ...... 2 Harold S. Sawyer (R) ...... 5 Mark D. Siljander (R) ...... 4 David A. Stockman (R)49 ...... 4 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Howard E. Wolpe (D) ...... 3 9850 1983-1984 Donald J. Albosta (D) ...... 10 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 12 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 M. Robert Carr (D) ...... 6 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 George W. Crockett, Jr. (D) ...... 13 Robert W. Davis (R) ...... 11 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Dennis M. Hertel (D) ...... 14 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 7 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 17 Carl D. Pursell (R) ...... 2 Harold S. Sawyer (R) ...... 5 Mark D. Siljander (R) ...... 4 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Howard E. Wolpe (D) ...... 3 99 1985-1986 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 12 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 M. Robert Carr (D) ...... 6 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 George W. Crockett, Jr. (D) ...... 13 Robert W. Davis (R) ...... 11 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Paul B. Henry (R) ...... 5 Dennis M. Hertel (D) ...... 14 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 7 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 17 Carl D. Pursell (R) ...... 2 (R) ...... 10 Mark D. Siljander (R) ...... 4 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Howard E. Wolpe (D) ...... 3 100 1987-1988 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 12 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18

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100 (Cont.) M. Robert Carr (D) ...... 6 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 George W. Crockett, Jr. (D) ...... 13 Robert W. Davis (R) ...... 11 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Paul B. Henry (R) ...... 5 Dennis M. Hertel (D) ...... 14 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 7 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 17 Carl D. Pursell (R) ...... 2 Bill Schuette (R) ...... 10 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 4 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Howard E. Wolpe (D) ...... 3 101 1989-1990 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 12 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 M. Robert Carr (D) ...... 6 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 George W. Crockett, Jr. (D) ...... 13 Robert W. Davis (R) ...... 11 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Paul B. Henry (R) ...... 5 Dennis M. Hertel (D) ...... 14 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 7 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 17 Carl D. Pursell (R) ...... 2 Bill Schuette (R) ...... 10 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 4 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Howard E. Wolpe (D) ...... 3 102 1991-1992 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 12 William S. Broomfield (R) ...... 18 (R) ...... 10 M. Robert Carr (D) ...... 6 Barbara-Rose Collins (D) ...... 13 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 1 Robert W. Davis (R) ...... 11 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 William D. Ford (D) ...... 15 Paul B. Henry (R) ...... 5 Dennis M. Hertel (D) ...... 14 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 7 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 17 Carl D. Pursell (R) ...... 2 Bob Traxler (D) ...... 8 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 4 Guy VanderJagt (R) ...... 9 Howard E. Wolpe (D) ...... 3 10351 1993-1994 James A. Barcia (D) ...... 5 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 10 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 M. Robert Carr (D) ...... 8 Barbara-Rose Collins (D) ...... 15 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 William D. Ford (D) ...... 13 Paul B. Henry (R)52 ...... 3 Peter Hoekstra (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 9 (R) ...... 11 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Nick Smith (R) ...... 7 (D) ...... 1 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6

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104 1995-1996 James A. Barcia (D) ...... 5 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 10 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 Dick (R) ...... 8 Barbara-Rose Collins (D) ...... 15 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Vernon J. Ehlers (R) ...... 3 Peter Hoekstra (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 9 Joe Knollenberg (R) ...... 11 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Lynn Rivers (D) ...... 13 Nick Smith (R) ...... 7 Bart Stupak (D) ...... 1 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 105 1997-1998 James A. Barcia (D) ...... 5 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 10 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Vernon J. Ehlers (R) ...... 3 Peter Hoekstra (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 9 Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D) ...... 15 Joe Knollenberg (R) ...... 11 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Lynn Rivers (D) ...... 13 Nick Smith (R) ...... 7 Debbie Stabenow (D) ...... 8 Bart Stupak (D) ...... 1 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 106 1999-2000 James A. Barcia (D) ...... 5 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 10 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Vernon J. Ehlers (R) ...... 3 Peter Hoekstra (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 9 Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D) ...... 15 Joe Knollenberg (R) ...... 11 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Lynn Rivers (D) ...... 13 Nick Smith (R) ...... 7 Debbie Stabenow (D) ...... 8 Bart Stupak (D) ...... 1 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 107 2001-2002 James A. Barcia (D) ...... 5 David E. Bonior (D) ...... 10 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 16 Vernon J. Ehlers (R) ...... 3 Peter Hoekstra (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 9 Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D) ...... 15 Joe Knollenberg (R) ...... 11 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Lynn Rivers (D) ...... 13 Mike Rogers (R) ...... 8 Nick Smith (R) ...... 7 Bart Stupak (D) ...... 1 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 10853 2003-2004 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 Vernon J. Ehlers (R) ...... 3

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108 (Cont.) Peter Hoekstra (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 5 Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D) ...... 13 Joe Knollenberg (R) ...... 9 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Thaddeus G. McCotter (R) ...... 11 Candice S. Miller (R) ...... 10 Mike Rogers (R) ...... 8 Nick Smith (R) ...... 7 Bart Stupak (D) ...... 1 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 109 2005-2006 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 Vernon J. Ehlers (R) ...... 3 Peter Hoekstra (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 5 Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D) ...... 13 Joe Knollenberg (R) ...... 9 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Thaddeus G. McCotter (R) ...... 11 Candice S. Miller (R) ...... 10 Mike Rogers (R) ...... 8 John J. H. Schwarz (R) ...... 7 Bart Stupak (D) ...... 1 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 110 2007-2008 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 Vernon J. Ehlers (R) ...... 3 Peter Hoekstra (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 5 Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D) ...... 13 Joe Knollenberg (R) ...... 9 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Thaddeus G. McCotter (R) ...... 11 Candice S. Miller (R) ...... 10 Mike Rogers (R) ...... 8 Bart Stupak (D) ...... 1 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 Tim Walberg (R) ...... 7 111 2009-2010 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 Vernon J. Ehlers (R) ...... 3 Peter Hoekstra (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 5 Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick (D) ...... 13 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Thaddeus G. McCotter (R) ...... 11 Candice S. Miller (R) ...... 10 Gary C. Peters (D) ...... 9 Mike Rogers (R) ...... 8 (D) ...... 7 Bart Stupak (D) ...... 1 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 112 2011-2012 Justin Amash (R) ...... 3 Dan Benishek (R) ...... 1 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 (D) ...... 13 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 14 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 15 Bill Huizenga (R) ...... 2 Dale E. Kildee (D) ...... 5 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 12 Thaddeus G. McCotter (R) ...... 11 Candice S. Miller (R) ...... 10 Gary C. Peters (D) ...... 9

436 • Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION Michigan Manual 2015 -2016 U.S. REPRESENTATIVES (Cont.) 112 (Cont.) Mike Rogers (R) ...... 8 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 Tim Walberg (R) ...... 7 113 2013-2014 Justin Amash (R) ...... 3 Dan Benishek (R) ...... 1 (R) ...... 11 Dave Camp (R) ...... 4 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 13 John D. Dingell, Jr. (D) ...... 12 Bill Huizenga (R) ...... 2 Daniel Kildee (D) ...... 5 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 9 Candice S. Miller (R) ...... 10 Gary C. Peters (D) ...... 14 Mike Rogers (R) ...... 8 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 Tim Walberg (R) ...... 7 114 2015-2016 Justin Amash (R) ...... 3 Dan Benishek (R) ...... 1 Michael D. Bishop (R) ...... 8 John Conyers, Jr. (D) ...... 13 Debbie Dingell (D) ...... 12 Bill Huizenga (R) ...... 2 Daniel Kildee (D) ...... 5 Brenda Lawrence (D) ...... 14 Sander M. Levin (D) ...... 9 Candice S. Miller (R) ...... 10 John Moolenaar (R) ...... 4 Dave Trott (R) ...... 11 Fred S. Upton (R) ...... 6 Tim Walberg (R) ...... 7 Political Party Designations D — Democrat Ind — Independent DPUS — Democratic Peoples Union Silver R — Republican Fus — Fusionist Prog — Progressive W — Whig D&U — Democratic and Union FS — Free Soil

01 As Michigan’s admission to the Union occurred between the 1830 and 1840 decennial censuses, it was entitled to one representative until the U.S. Congress enacted a new apportionment act following the 1840 census. See U.S. Const, art I, § 2, cl 3. 2 The first elected U.S. representative from the state of Michigan, elected October 5 and 6, 1835. However, due to Michigan’s dispute with the U.S. Congress over the Toledo Strip and the state’s admission to the Union, Congress refused to accept his credentials until it admitted Michigan to the Union as a state January 26, 1837. See U.S. Const, art I, § 2, cl 1; art I, § 4, cl 1; art I, § 5, cl 1; An act in addition to an act to amend the several acts now in force, regulating the election of a delegate to the Congress of the United States, and the election of members of the legislative council of this Territory, and for other purposes, Laws of the Territory of Michigan. 3 See Act 33 of 1843, Laws of Michigan. 4 Elected November 3, 1846, but died before taking seat; Charles E. Stuart elected November 2, 1847, to fill vacancy. 5 See Act 164 of the Extra Session of 1851, Laws of Michigan. 6 George B. Cooper won the election of November 2, 1858, and was seated by the U.S. House of Representatives. William A. Howard contested the results in the U.S. House, alleging voting irregularities in several wards. Following its investigation, the Committee on Elections of the U.S. House of Representatives reported that the sitting member, Cooper, was not entitled to his seat and that the contestant Howard was. The House passed resolutions to that effect May 15, 1860, at which time Howard took the oath of office. See U.S. Const, art I, § 5, cl 1; Cong Globe, 36th Cong, 1st Sess (1859); Hinds’ Precedents of the House of Representatives of the United States, Vol I, §§ 837-838. 7 See Act 181 of 1861, Laws of Michigan. 8 Elected to U.S. Senate January 18, 1871; Wilder D. Foster elected to fill vacancy April 4, 1871. 9 See U.S. Const, art I, § 2, cl 3; art XIV, § 2; Act 44 of the Extra Session of 1872, Laws of Michigan. 10 Died September 20, 1873; William B. Williams elected November 4, 1873, to fill vacancy. 11 Died December 28, 1878; vacancy not filled. 12 Elected to U.S. Senate January 18, 1881; John T. Rich elected April 4, 1881, to fill vacancy. 13 See Act 21 of the Extra Session of 1882. 14 Died December 22, 1887; Henry W. Seymour elected to fill vacancy February 14, 1888. 15 Died April 20, 1891; Charles E. Belknap elected November 3, 1891, to fill vacancy. 16 See Act 168 of 1891. 17 Died August 17, 1893; Levi T. Griffin elected November 7, 1893, to fill vacancy. 18 George F. Richardson won the November 8, 1892, election by a plurality of 10 votes, receiving a certificate of election from the board of state canvassers. The defeated candidate, Charles E. Belknap, applied for a order (writ of mandamus) to order the Ionia County Board of Canvassers to recount that vote, alleging irregularities in the vote tabulation. The supreme court issued that order February 3, 1893; the subsequent recount resulted in a plurality of 19 votes for Belknap. The new board of state canvassers then issued a certificate of election to Belknap. The contest was brought to the floor of the U.S. House of Representatives August 8, 1893. Following debate on the validity of the contestants’ credentials, the House voted to seat Richardson, referring the matter to the Committee on Elections. Following further examination, the committee issued a report upholding Richardson’s claim to the seat. See U.S. Const, art I, § 5, cl 1; Belknap v The Board of Canvassers of Ionia County, 94 Mich. 516 (1893); Belknap v The Board of State Canvassers, 95 Mich. 155 (1893); Cong Rec, 53rd Cong, 1st Sess (1893); Hinds’ Precedents of the House of Representatives of the United States, Vol II, §1042.

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19 Elected to U.S. Senate January 16, 1895; Alfred Milnes elected April 18, 1895, to fill vacancy. 20 Died May 1, 1901; Henry H. Aplin elected October 15, 1901, to fill vacancy. 21 Elected to U.S. Senate February 6, 1907; Gerrit J. Diekema elected April 27, 1907, to fill vacancy. 22 See An act for the apportionment of Representatives in Congress among the several States under the Thirteenth Census, PL 62-5, 37 Stat 13 (1911). 23 Elected congressman at-large. On August 8, 1911, the U.S. Congress enacted the apportionment of representatives required by the U.S. Constitution, following the 1910 federal decennial census. That law increased Michigan’s congressional delegation by 1 from 12 to 13 representatives. Michigan, however, did not redraw its congressional districts until 1913. See U.S. Const, art I, § 2, cl 3; Act 337 of 1913. 24 Unofficial returns of the November 5, 1912, election indicated that William J. MacDonald, the Progressive candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives, won the seat by a plurality of 243 votes. The state board of canvassers, however, did not count 458 votes cast in Ontonagon County for Sheldon William J. MacDonald toward William J. MacDonald’s vote total. It issued a certificate of election to H. Olin Young, based on a plurality of 215 votes; Young was seated by the U.S. House of Representatives based on those credentials. The election contest was brought to the floor of the U.S. House, where it was referred to the Committee on Elections. Following examination, the committee, citing honest mistake in the way MacDonald’s name had been printed on the Ontonagon County ballot, unanimously reported a resolution awarding the 12th District seat to MacDonald. MacDonald took the oath of office August 26, 1913. See U.S. Const, art I, § 5, cl 1; Cong Rec, 63rd Cong, 1st Sess (1913). 25 Official returns of the November 7, 1916, election showed that Mark R. Bacon had been elected by a majority of 49 votes over Samuel W. Beakes. Following the election, several of the election inspectors in Jackson County concluded that a mistake had been made in the vote count. Although state law at that time did not provide for a recount of ballots in the election of federal officials, attorneys for both Bacon and Beakes agreed to unofficially have the ballots cast for Congress examined. This examination occurred during an official recount of votes for county coroner; the examination showed that Beakes was, in fact, entitled to 87 more votes than the official returns had given him. Beakes contended that since the returns were conceded to be erroneous, they should be set aside and a recount of the vote made. Bacon, citing state law, insisted that as the ballot box had not been sealed and kept in safe custody, a recount would be invalid. Both the board of state canvassers and the Michigan Supreme Court refused an application for a recount. The Committee on Elections in the U.S. House of Representatives, after reviewing the circumstances and issues involved, elected to retabulate the official returns which they deemed to be unimpeached and added to those original votes from the district which had been rejected. The revised vote gave Beakes a majority of 132 votes. The committee unanimously reported resolutions stating that Bacon had not been elected to the seat and was not entitled to it, and that, in fact, Beakes was the elected representative of the district. The House seated Beakes on December 13, 1917. See U.S. Const, art I, § 5, cl 1; Act 320 of 1913; Cong Rec, 65th Cong, 1st and 2nd Sess (1917); Hinds’ Precedents of the House of Representatives of the United States, Vol VI, § 144. 26 Died April 26, 1920; Clarence J. McLeod elected to fill vacancy. 27 Died May 9, 1921; John M. C. Smith elected June 28, 1921, to fill vacancy. 28 Died March 23, 1923; Arthur B. Williams elected June 19, 1923, to fill vacancy. 29 Died May 1, 1925; Joseph L. Hooper elected August 18, 1925, to fill vacancy. 30 Died November 29, 1932; vacancy not filled. 31 Died July 18, 1931; Michael J. Hart elected November 3, 1931, to fill vacancy. 32 See Act 20 of 1931. 33 Died February 22, 1934; vacancy not filled. 34 Died October 19, 1935; Verner W. Main elected December 17, 1935, to fill vacancy. 35 Died December 12, 1939; Bartel J. Jonkman elected February 19, 1940, to fill vacancy. 36 Died May 24, 1947; Charles E. Potter elected August 26, 1947, to fill vacancy. 37 See Act 64 of 1951. 38 Died September 19, 1955; John D. Dingell, Jr. elected December 13, 1955, to fill vacancy. 39 Resigned September 18, 1961; Lucien N. Nedzi elected November 7, 1961, to fill vacancy. 40 Died November 12, 1961; Harold M. Ryan elected February 13, 1962, to fill vacancy. 41 See 2 PL 70-13, 46 Stat 26, 2 USC 2a; PL 77-291, 55 Stat 762, 2 USC 2b. 42 Elected congressman at-large. Based on population figures compiled under the 1960 decennial census, Michigan’s congressional delegation increased by 1 member, from 18 to 19. The state legislature, however, failed to reapportion the state’s congressional districts in time for the 1962 election schedule. See U.S. Const, art I, § 2, cl 3; art XIV, 2 USC 2a-2b. 43 The enacted Act 249 of 1963 to apportion the state’s congressional districts as required by federal law. Subsequently, the apportionment was challenged in the U.S. District Court on the basis that it violated the “one man, one vote” rule. On March 26, 1964, the U.S. District Court ruled that Act 249 of 1963 violated the U.S. Constitution and was therefore void and invalid in its application. The court enjoined the secretary of state from enforcing or applying the statute in subsequent congressional elections; it also prohibited the election of Michigan’s congressional delegation by districts until the legislature passed an apportionment act which met U.S. constitutional requirements. As a result, the legislature enacted Act 282 of 1964 to comply with the court order; it also enacted legislation, Act 280 of 1964, to change the election schedule for 1964 only due to the delay in the apportionment process. See U.S. Const, art I, § 2, cl 3; 2 USC 2a-2b; Act 249 of 1963; Act 282 of 1964; Calkins v Hare, 228 F. Supp. 824 (E.D. Mich. 1964). 44 Resigned May 11, 1966; appointed to U.S. Senate; Guy VanderJagt elected November 8, 1966, to fill vacancy. 45 Based on population figures compiled under the 1970 decennial census, federal law required Michigan’s legislature to reapportion the state’s congressional districts to reflect population shifts among the districts. Having failed to do so as 1971 ended, suit was filed in the U.S. District Court challenging the constitutionality of Act 282 of 1964 because its districts did not reflect population changes and shifts among the districts since 1964, and seeking judicial relief in the event that the Michigan Legislature did not appropriately redistrict the state’s congressional districts. The parties to the suit agreed that if the legislature did not act by February 29, 1972, any of them could petition the court for a hearing, at which time the court could request that each of the parties present their own apportionment plans for the court’s consideration. The legislature did not enact legislation and the court requested that the parties submit their own plans. Four such plans were submitted by the plaintiffs and intervening plaintiffs. On May 31, 1972, the court ordered adoption of the plan submitted by the intervening plaintiffs, with the modifications submitted in regard to certain districts. In its order, the court stated that the plan that it was ordering to be adopted met the criteria set forth in other court cases on congressional apportionment: (1) population variances among the districts were minimal, thereby preserving the “one man, one vote” standard; (2) the districts were contiguous; (3) the districts were reasonably compact, and (4) political subdivisions in the districts were maintained intact insofar as possible. See U.S. Const, art I, § 2, cl 3; PL 70-13, 46 Stat 26, 2 USC 2a; PL 90-196, 81 Stat 581, 2 USC 2c; Dunnell v Austin, 344 F. Supp. 210 (E.D. Mich. 1972). 46 Resigned December 6, 1973, to be sworn in as vice president of the United States; Richard F. VanderVeen elected February 18, 1974, to fill vacancy. 47 Resigned January 31, 1974; Bob Traxler elected April 16, 1974, to fill vacancy. 48 Resigned June 3, 1980; George W. Crockett, Jr., elected November 4, 1980, to fill vacancy.

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49 Resigned January 27, 1981, to become the director of the Office of Management and Budget; Mark D. Siljander elected April 21, 1981, to fill vacancy. 50 Having not enacted apportionment legislation to reflect the population changes reported in the 1980 decennial census (which resulted in a reduction, from 19 to 18 members, in Michigan’s congressional delegation), suit was filed on December 12, 1981, in the U.S. District Court. The plaintiffs, alleging that the current districts were unconstitutional in view of the 1980 census data, sought to enjoin future elections in the existing districts until reapportionment occurred; to have the court set a deadline for legislative action to establish new districts, and to require the court to assume jurisdiction and develop the reapportionment plan if the legislature did not act in timely fashion. Subsequently, intervening defendants filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings. The district court, on February 24, 1982, denied the motion, reasoning that sufficient time remained for the legislature to act; it also declined to set a deadline for legislative action. The court, however, did acknowledge that the congressional elections would be seriously jeopardized if action did not occur until after the third week in April. On April 9, 1982, the court issued an order directing the parties to the suit to be prepared to submit reapportionment plans on twenty-four-hour notice. The order also stated that should the legislature fail to act by May 4, 1982, the court would invoke its jurisdiction under federal law and order the parties to submit reapportionment plans. The state legislature did pass House Bill 4020, which was vetoed by Governor William G. Milliken on April 27, 1982, as being unfair. Subsequently, the district court ordered the parties to submit redistricting plans on May 5, 1982, and to be prepared to argue the merits of the plans on May 7, 1982. On May 24, 1982, the court issued its opinion, choosing what it called Democratic Plan A as the more balanced consideration of all factors in the apportionment process. The court, however, did make modifications to Districts 5 and 9, using a revision submitted by the Republican Party. In its decision, the court offered the following facts to support its decision: (1) Plan A as modified satisfied the U.S. Constitution, article 1, section 2, as being consistent with the “one person, one vote” rule; (2) Plan A as modified represented the will of the legislature, and (3) the proposed districts of Plan A as modified were relatively regular, compact, and contiguous. See U.S. Const, art I, § 2, cl 3; 2 USC 2a, 2c; veto message of William G. Milliken, April 27, 1982, regarding Enrolled House Bill 4020, Public and Local Acts of the Legislature of the State of Michigan, passed at the regular session of 1982; Agerstrand v Austin, Civ. No. 81-40256, May 24, 1982. 51 In an order entered on March 23, 1992, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern and Western Districts of Michigan held in Good v Austin, No. 91-CV-74754DT that Michigan’s current congressional districts violated art I, sec 2 of the United States Constitution and that the court was obligated to adopt a new congressional district plan for the State of Michigan. The court further held that it would not adopt any of the proposed districting plans submitted by the parties but would adopt a plan of its own design. The court’s plan was attached to the order, and the parties were directed to show cause, in writing, not later than 5:00 p.m., Wednesday, April 1, 1992, why the court’s redistricting plan should not be adopted by the court and incorporated in a final judgment. The April 1st deadline passed, and none of the parties had filed written objections to the court’s plan. On April 6, 1992, the court ordered that: 1) The existing United States Congressional Districts of the State of Michigan, established by order of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan in Agerstrand v Austin, No. 31-40256 (E.D. Mich. May 20, 1982), are unconstitutional under art I, sec 2 of the United States Constitution because they contain substantially unequal population as reflected in the 1990 U.S. Decennial Census, and because it is necessary to reduce the number of congressional districts in Michigan from eighteen to sixteen; 2) The defendant, Richard H. Austin, Secretary of State of Michigan, and, under applicable Michigan law, its chief election officer, and all election officials who are responsible for conducting congressional elections in Michigan are enjoined from conducting any primary, general, or special elections for the office of Representative to the by use of the 1982 district plan described above; 3) The United States Congressional Districts created by the redistricting plan attached to this order, entitled “1992 Congressional Districts — U.S. House of Representatives” and including the erratum dated April 3, 1992, are adopted as the United States Congressional Districts for the State of Michigan; 4) The defendant, Richard H. Austin, Secretary of State of Michigan, and, under applicable Michigan law, its chief election officer, and all election officials who are responsible for conducting congressional elections in Michigan are directed to conduct all primary, general, and special elections for the office of Representative to the United States Congress from this day forward in accordance with this judgment and the congressional districts created by it; and 5) The opinion of the court in support of this judgment will be filed at a later date. 52 Died July 31, 1993; Vernon J. Ehlers elected to fill the vacancy at a special election on December 7, 1993. 53 On September 11, 2001, apportionment legislation (2001 PA 115) was enacted to reflect the population changes reported in the 2000 decennial census (which resulted in a reduction, from 16 to 15 members, in Michigan’s congressional delegation). A group of registered Democrats brought an action in U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Michigan (Southern Division), challenging Michigan’s 2001 congressional redistricting plan. Plaintiffs claimed that the challenged plan violated several provisions of the U.S. Constitution (Article 1, sections 2 and 4 (as amended by section 2 of the Fourteenth Amendment), the Equal Protection Clause and the Privileges and Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, the First Amendment, and the Fifteenth Amendment) and section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, 42 U.S.C. 1973. In addition, plaintiffs claimed that the plan’s legitimacy was impaired by a number of procedural defects accompanying its enactment. (The Michigan Supreme Court resolved the plaintiffs’ procedural claims against them in LeRoux v Secretary of State, 465 Mich. 594, 640 N.W.2d 849 (2002).) On May 24, 2002, the District Court dismissed plaintiffs’ equal protection claim without prejudice and plaintiffs’ remaining claims with prejudice. The Court’s order further provided that if plaintiffs did not amend their complaint within 30 days, the matter would be closed and further challenges to the redistricting plan based on new evidence after subsequent elections would require a new filing. O’Lear v Miller, 222 F. Supp. 2d 850 (E.D. Mich. 2002). The District Court’s judgment was affirmed on appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Lear v Miller, 123 S.Ct. 512 (2002).

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Congress Date Congress Date Congress Date 24 Oct. 5, 6, 1835 55 Nov. 3, 1896 86 Nov. 4, 1958 25 Aug. 21, 22, 1837 56 Nov. 8, 1898 87 Nov. 8, 1960 26 Nov. 4, 5, 1839 57 Nov. 6, 1900 88 Nov. 6, 1962 27 Nov. 1, 2, 1841 58 Nov. 4, 1902 89 Nov. 3, 1964 28 Nov. 6, 7, 1843 59 Nov. 8, 1904 90 Nov. 8, 1966 29 Nov. 4, 5, 1844 60 Nov. 6, 1906 91 Nov. 5, 1968 30 Nov. 3, 1846 61 Nov. 3, 1908 92 Nov. 3, 1970 31 Nov. 7, 1848 62 Nov. 8, 1910 93 Nov. 7, 1972 32 Nov. 5, 1850 63 Nov. 5, 1912 94 Nov. 5, 1974 33 Nov. 2, 1852 64 Nov. 3, 1914 95 Nov. 2, 1976 34 Nov. 7, 1854 65 Nov. 7, 1916 96 Nov. 7, 1978 35 Nov. 4, 1856 66 Nov. 5, 1918 97 Nov. 4, 1980 36 Nov. 2, 1858 67 Nov. 2, 1920 98 Nov. 2, 1982 37 Nov. 6, 1860 68 Nov. 7, 1922 99 Nov. 6, 1984 38 Nov. 4, 1862 69 Nov. 4, 1924 100 Nov. 4, 1986 39 Nov. 8, 1864 70 Nov. 2, 1926 101 Nov. 8, 1988 40 Nov. 6, 1866 71 Nov. 6, 1928 102 Nov. 6, 1990 41 Nov. 3, 1868 72 Nov. 4, 1930 103 Nov. 3, 1992 42 Nov. 8, 1870 73 Nov. 8, 1932 104 Nov. 8, 1994 43 Nov. 5, 1872 74 Nov. 6, 1934 105 Nov. 5, 1996 44 Nov. 3, 1874 75 Nov. 3, 1936 106 Nov. 3, 1998 45 Nov. 7, 1876 76 Nov. 8, 1938 107 Nov. 7, 2000 46 Nov. 5, 1878 77 Nov. 5, 1940 108 Nov. 5, 2002 47 Nov. 2, 1880 78 Nov. 3, 1942 109 Nov. 2, 2004 48 Nov. 7, 1882 79 Nov. 7, 1944 110 Nov. 7, 2006 49 Nov. 4, 1884 80 Nov. 5, 1946 111 Nov. 4, 2008 50 Nov. 2, 1986 81 Nov. 2, 1948 112 Nov. 2, 2010 51 Nov. 6, 1888 82 Nov. 7, 1950 113 Nov. 6, 2012 52 Nov. 4, 1890 83 Nov. 4, 1952 114 Nov. 4, 2014 53 Nov. 8, 1892 84 Nov. 2, 1954 54 Nov. 6, 1894 85 Nov. 5, 1956

440 • Chapter VI – CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION Michigan Manual 2015 -2016