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Language Planning and the British Empire: Comparing Pakistan, Malaysia and Kenya
Current Issues in Language Planning ISSN: 1466-4208 (Print) 1747-7506 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rclp20 Language Planning and the British Empire: Comparing Pakistan, Malaysia and Kenya Richard Powell To cite this article: Richard Powell (2002) Language Planning and the British Empire: Comparing Pakistan, Malaysia and Kenya, Current Issues in Language Planning, 3:3, 205-279, DOI: 10.1080/14664200208668041 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14664200208668041 Published online: 26 Mar 2010. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 305 View related articles Citing articles: 6 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rclp20 Download by: [University of Pennsylvania] Date: 02 December 2015, At: 15:06 Language Planning and the British Empire: Comparing Pakistan, Malaysia and Kenya1 Richard Powell College of Economics, Nihon University, Misaki-cho 1-3-2, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8360 Japan Thispaper seeks to provide historicalcontext for discussions of languageplanning in postcolonialsocieties by focusing on policieswhich haveinfluenced language in three formerBritish colonies. If wemeasure between the convenient markers of John Cabot’s Newfoundland expeditionof 1497and the1997 return of Hong Kong toChinesesover- eignty,the British Empire spanned 500years, 2 and atitsgreatest extent in the1920s covereda fifthof theworld’ s landsurface. Together with the economic and military emergenceof theUnited -
Francis Parkman Count Frontenac and New France
FRANCIS PARKMAN COUNT FRONTENAC AND NEW FRANCE UNDER LOUIS XIV 2008 – All rights reserved Non commercial use permitted COUNT FRONTENAC AND NEW FRANCE UNDER LOUIS XIV. BY FRANCIS PARKMAN, AUTHOR OF "PIONEERS OF FRANCE IN THE NEW WORLD," "THE JESUITS IN NORTH AMERICA," "THE DISCOVERY OF THE GREAT WEST," AND "THE OLD REGIME IN CANADA." PREFACE. The events recounted in this book group themselves in the main about a single figure, that of Count Frontenac, the most remarkable man who ever represented the crown of France in the New World. From strangely unpromising beginnings, he grew with every emergency, and rose equal to every crisis. His whole career was one of conflict, sometimes petty and personal, sometimes of momentous consequence, involving the question of national ascendancy on this continent. Now that this question is put at rest for ever, it is hard to conceive, the anxiety which it wakened in our forefathers. But for one rooted error of French policy, the future of the English-speaking races in America would have been more than endangered. Under the rule of Frontenac occurred the first serious collision of the rival powers, and the opening of the grand scheme of military occupation by which France strove to envelop and hold in check the industrial populations of the English colonies. It was he who made that scheme possible. In "The Old Regime in Canada," I tried to show from what inherent causes this wilderness empire of the Great Monarch fell at last before a foe, superior indeed in numbers, but lacking all the forces that belong to a system of civil and military centralization. -
Newfoundland at Gallipoli
Canadian Military History Volume 27 Issue 1 Article 18 2018 The Forgotten Campaign: Newfoundland at Gallipoli Tim Cook Mark Osborne Humphries Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/cmh Part of the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Cook, Tim and Humphries, Mark Osborne "The Forgotten Campaign: Newfoundland at Gallipoli." Canadian Military History 27, 1 (2018) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Canadian Military History by an authorized editor of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cook and Humphries: The Forgotten Campaign The Forgotten Campaign Newfoundland at Gallipoli TIM COOK & MARK OSBORNE HUMPHRIES Abstract : Gallipoli has no place in the collective memory of most Canadians and even among Newfoundlanders, Gallipoli has not garnered as much attention as the ill-fated attack at Beaumont Hamel. Although largely forgotten, Newfoundland’s expedition to Gallipoli was an important moment in the island’s history, one that helped shape the wartime identity of Newfoundlanders. Like other British Dominions, Newfoundland was linked to the Empire’s world-wide war experience and shared in aspects of that collective imperial identity, although that identity was refracted through a local lens shaped by the island’s unique history. Gallipoli was a brutal baptism of fire which challenged and confirmed popular assumptions about the Great War and laid the foundation of the island’s war mythology. This myth emphasized values of loyalty, sacrifice, and fidelity, affirming rather than reducing the island’s connection to Mother Britain, as was the case in the other Dominions. -
"Christopher Columbus" by Thomas C.Tirado, Permission Granted from ENCARTA
"Christopher Columbus" by Thomas C.Tirado, Permission Granted from ENCARTA (Reprint permission granted by Encarta Encyclopedia, 2000) Christopher Columbus by Thomas C. Tirado, Ph.D. Professor History Millersville University Background to the Age of Discovery: One cannot begin to understand Christopher Columbus without understanding the world into which he was born. The 15th century was a dynamic century, a century of change. There were many historical events throughout Western Europe that impacted society profoundly. Directly affecting the future explorer much closer to home, however, were three momentous events in and around the Mediterranean:1) the Conquest of Ceuta in North Africa by the Portuguese in 1415 2) the Fall of Constantinople to the Muslim Turks in 1453, and 3) the defeat of Muslim Granada by the Christian Spaniards in 1492.All three events were driven by the centuries-long conflict between the Christians and the Muslims. Ceuta: The Portuguese had successfully purged their country of Muslims by the turn of the century and had consolidated political power into a national monarchy earlier than any other Western European country. By 1415 the Portuguese were in a strong position to launch an invasion of North Africa and conquer the Muslim commercial center of Ceuta. Some historians see this as a resumption of the Christian Crusades that had been suspended over a century earlier. With a strong political and military base of operations, the Portuguese were in a position to resume Christendom's long struggle against the Muslims. Determined to destroy Islam once and for all by destroying its commercial empire, Portugal successfully conquered the city and immediately gained access to the lucrative African trade. -
Naval Documents of the American Revolution, Volume 6, Part 8
Naval Documents of The American Revolution Volume 6 AMERICAN THEATRE: Aug. 1, 1776–Oct. 31, 1776 EUROPEAN THEATRE: May 26, 1776–Oct. 5, 1776 Part 8 of 8 United States Government Printing Office Washington, 1972 Electronically published by American Naval Records Society Bolton Landing, New York 2012 AS A WORK OF THE UNITED STATES FEDERAL GOVERNMENT THIS PUBLICATION IS IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN. 1428 AMERICAN THEATRE River with a load of Ammunition bound it is imagined up the Ohio but the supposed Leader remains at New Orleans. I hourly expect a Vessel from thence with some People belonging to this Province and if the Report be true and the Spanish Governor has given them any Countenance I shall en- deavor to gain the fullest information in my power relating thereto and shall forward the same to your Lordship by the first opportunity. I have already mentioned to your Lordship that I think it my duty in this critical state of Affairs to communicate every Account relating to the proceedings of the Rebels that has the least Colour of truth, and I fre- quently lament that it is not in my power to forward more full and authen- tic Information; however whether this Account be true or not there is great Reason to apprehend if the Rebellion should continue another year that the River Mississippi will be the Channel through which the Rebels will receive very considerable supplies of Ammunition, unless We obtain strict Orders from the Court of Spain to prevent their Subjects from furnishing these Supplies and also keep a sufficient Military force upon the Mississippi to search all Boats whatever carrying Ammunition up the River. -
Annual Report of the President
THE CENTRAL PARK, NEW YORK CITY. (77th Street and Central Park West.) ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT, TREASURER'S REPORT, LIST OF ACCESSIONS, ACT OF INCORPORATION, CONTRACT WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF PARKS, CONSTITUTION, BY-LAWS AND LIST OF MEMBERS. FOR THE YEAR 1905. PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM. T H E AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. 0 r 0 CU C% cli CZ *0 *0 I 0 :En .. U :.! C's HCU CQC). C> 0UM C)d CU.0Ci 0U;:: 2:1'io.:. i.¢ * X JS; ..ma:XC) THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, CENTRAL PARK, NEW YORK CITY, Seventy-seventh Street and Central Park West. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT, TREASURER'S REPORT, LIST OF ACCESSIONS, ACT OF INCORPORATION, CONTRACT WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF PARKS, CONSTITUTION, BY-LAWS AND LIST OF MEMBERS. FOR THE YEAR 1905. NEW YORK: PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM 1 906. IRVING PRESS 111.121 East Thirty4irst Street New York CONTENTS PAGE BOARD OF TRUSTEES ............................................. 7 OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES . ........ 8 SCIENTIFIC STAFF ................... .99 FORM OF BEQUEST ......................................... IO FINANCES .................................................... ... II Permanent Endowment ...................................... II Special Funds ..............iII City Maintenance Account ........... ................ I2 General Account ..... ...................... 12 BUILDING OPERATIONS ..... ...................... 12 MEMBERSHIP ..................................................... I2 New Members....................................12.........I2 Deceased Members......................................... -
A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in Partiai Fulfhent Of
University of Alberta The Anxiety of Contact: Representations of the Amerindian in Early Modem English Colonial Writings, c. 1576-1622 Paul Warren DePasquale A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partiai fUlfhent of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Department of English Edmonton, Alberta Fall 1999 National Library Bibliothhue nationale of Canada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographic Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellingtan OttawaON KIAOM Ottawa ON KIA ON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant a la National Library of Canada to Bibliotheque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, przter, hstribuer ou copies of hsthesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette these sous paper or electronic formats. la fonne de microfiche/film, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format electronique . The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propnett du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protege cette these. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent &re imprimes reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Abstract This dissertation examines representations of Amerindians in early modem English travel narratives, colonial instructions, sermons, propaganda, letters, diaries, plays, and poems. It focuses on the primary and historical evidence associated with three key moments in England's carlicst cfforts to colonizc North Amcrica: Frobishcr's expeditions to the modem Canadian Arctic (1576-78); Ralegh's voyages to modem Carolina's Outer Banks (from 1584 and 1590); and the early years of England's colony at Jarnestown (around 1606 to 1622). -
ABSTRACT Title of Document: WRITING at THE
ABSTRACT Title of Document: WRITING AT THE EDGE OF THE EMPIRE: THE POETICS OF PIRACY IN THE EARLY MODERN ATLANTIC WORLD Jason M. Payton, Doctor of Philosophy, 2012 Directed By: Professor Ralph Bauer, Department of English and Comparative Literature My dissertation examines four pirate-authored texts from the early modern period, each of which centers on the development of piracy in the Atlantic world. Contrary to popular opinion, not all pirates were illiterate thugs. Many wrote about their experiences, and their narratives were immensely popular among early modern readers. I focus on the generic choices pirate-authors made as they crafted their narratives for popular consumption, particularly their use of chivalric romance, which they drew on to present “enchanted” histories of the Atlantic world. By representing themselves as chivalric knights-errant, pirate-authors transformed themselves from thieves to gallant knights, they recast their raids as knightly quests, and they re-imagined their gruesome acts of violence as heroic feats of daring at arms. The romance form thus allowed pirate-authors to create modern spaces of agency within empire that resembled the mythical landscapes of the medieval chivalric tradition. It also allowed them to fashion critiques of empire, which increasingly limited the social mobility of the lower social strata from which most pirates hailed. Pirates’ reflections on the violence of empire offer a disenchanting picture of the development of imperialism during the colonial American period. My dissertation begins with Sir Walter Raleigh’s 1596 Discovery of Guiana, which narrates the author’s voyage to Guiana simultaneously as a knightly quest for the mythical city of El Dorado and as a mercantilist voyage for England. -
AUTHOR Joyce, William W., Ed.; Beach, Richard, Ed. Introducing Canada
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 429 856 SO 029 181 AUTHOR Joyce, William W., Ed.; Beach, Richard, Ed. TITLE Introducing Canada: Content Backgrounders, Strategies, and Resources for Educators. NCSS Bulletin 94. INSTITUTION National Consortium for Teaching Canada.; National Council for the Social Studies, Washington, DC. ISBN ISBN-0-87986-075-8 PUB DATE 1997-00-00 NOTE 187p. AVAILABLE FROM National Council for the Social Studies, P.O. Box 2067, Waldorf, MD, 20604-2067; Tel: 800-683-0812 (Toll Free); Web site: http://www.ncss.org PUB TYPE Books (010) Collected Works General (020) Guides Classroom Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC08 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Area Studies; Class Activities; *Cultural Context; Economics; Foreign Countries; Geography; Global Education; Learning Activities; Secondary Education; Social Studies IDENTIFIERS *Canada; Canadian Government; *Canadian History; Technology Integration ABSTRACT Canada's present role in the new world order and its trade and economic dimensions are clarified in this book. Furthermore,the book explains the intricacies of Canada's history and multiculturalheritage. The chapters focus on the modes of social studies instruction, resourcesfor learning and teaching, the use of films and videos, and newtechnologies for the classroom. A student activities section provides aspringboard for teachers interested in sharing their knowledge of Canada withstudents. Following a foreword (Michael S. Bittner) and an introduction (Jeanne Kissner; Marion Salinger), chapters in the book are: (1) "An Introduction to the History of Canada" (Victor Howard); (2) "Geography of Canada" (Michael J. Broadway) ; (3) "Canadian Government and Politics" (George Sherman) ; (4) "Canada and the World" (Donald K. Alper; Matthew Sparke); (5) "The Canadian Economy" (Anthony Cicerone; Mark J. -
Across the Top of the World: the Quest for the Northwest Parted, with Six Officers and 54 Enlisted Men, Two Days Short of Her 60Th Birthday, in 2004, Passage
Across the Table of Contents Chapter 1.........................................................4 top of the Chapter 2.........................................................7 Chapter 3: The Cold War’s Impact........9 World Chapter 4.......................................................11 The U.S. Coast Guard’s 1957 Chapter 5.......................................................14 Northwest Passage Expedition Chapter 6.......................................................19 Written for the 50th anniversary Chapter 7: The Skippers...........................23 of the expedition and the occasion Chapter 8: The Cutters.............................25 of the decommissioning Bibliography.................................................30 of the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Storis By Senior Chief Petty Officer P.J. Capelotti, Ph.D., USCGR USCG Historian’s Office 2100 2nd St. SW., Washington D.C., 20593 (202) 372-4651/53 Layout and Design by PA2 Mike Lutz March 2007 and PA1 David Mosley Chapter 1 “We shall never cease from exploration And the end of all our exploring Will be to arrive where we started And know the place for the first time.” -T. S. Eliot (1888 - 1965) n the morning of Sept. 6, 1957, with the Coast Guard icebreaker Storis and the U.S. Coast Guard buoy tender Spar’s sister buoy tender Bramble. Depart- Spar reached the eastern side ing together from Seattle on July 1, 1957, of Bellot Strait. Lt. Charles V. the three cutters traveled through Unimak Cowing, Spar’s young skipper, Pass on their way to Point Barrow, Alaska, hadO a moment to write a special entry into the where they began their attempt to break vessel’s log. through the historic Northwest Passage. On 1320: Arrived eastern point Bellot Strait Sept. 4, as they passed through a series of having completed transit of Bellot Strait and straits and gulfs named for Norwegian and the Northwest Passage in company with CGC British explorers and royalty, they reached Storis (WAG 38) and CGC Bramble (WAGL the western edge of Bellot Strait, named for a 402) and the HMCS Labrador. -
Of Maud Karpeles’ “Folksongs from Newfoundland” Glenn Colton Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada I
The ‘Lost Voices’ of Maud Karpeles’ “Folksongs from Newfoundland” Glenn Colton Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada i In September 1929, Maud Karpeles of the English Folk Dance and Song Society arrived in Newfoundland for the first of two pioneering expeditions. A disciple of Cecil Sharp and friend of Ralph Vaughan Williams, Karpeles was a central figure in the British folk revival and later co- founder of the International Folk Music Council. She had initially planned to visit the island with Sharp as early as 1918, however that trip was cancelled due to funding concerns and Sharp’s untimely death foiled similar plans seven years later. Undaunted, she undertook the challenge alone, notating more than 200 tunes from singers in forty outport communities in one of the earliest Newfoundland folksong expeditions of its kind. Focusing her efforts on the East and South Coasts of Newfoundland (the former in 1929, the latter in 1930), Karpeles covered a remarkably wide area in a relatively short period. It was an arduous and remarkably courageous journey in many respects. With few paved roads in rural Newfoundland at the time, much of her travel was undertaken by small boat or rail. In some instances she travelled on foot, manuscript paper and pencil in hand, from one community to another. She was supported by Newfoundlanders such as Frederick Emerson, a cultured lawyer with an aptitude for music, yet much of the time she travelled alone in what must have surely been a bold new adventure for the 43-year old Londoner. At various times she found herself lost at sea on a foggy night, stranded in a roadside ditch after narrowly avoiding a wayward cow, seasick on a tumultuous ferry crossing, and all the while dodging the black flies that appeared drawn to her like a magnet at every turn. -
Download Lesson Plan
Educators’ Guide The Historical Society of Palm Beach County is a non-profit organization whose mission is to collect, preserve, and share the rich history and cultural heritage of Palm Beach County. This Educators’ Guide to Shipwreck: Discovering Lost Treasure was produced by the Richard and Pat Johnson Palm Beach County History Museum with the support from the Historical Society of Palm Beach County. ©2017 Historical Society of Palm Beach County 300 North Dixie Hwy* P.O. Box 4364 * West Palm Beach, FL 33402-4364 (561) 832-4164 * www.hspbc.org Writer: Rose Gualtieri For more information about the variety of educational programming offered by the Johnson History Museum and the Historical Society of Palm Beach Count, please visit our website: www.hspbc.org/in- the-classroom Historical Society of Palm Beach County BLANK PAGE 2 Historical Society of Palm Beach County The Richard and Pat Johnson Palm Beach County History Museum’s Educators’ Guide, in combination with ongoing teacher workshops and field trips to its permanent and temporary exhibitions, will help you structure learning experiences that correspond to the following Florida Sunshine State Standards. This guide contains materials and resources to supplement and enhance student learning in the classroom and during in-gallery experiences, tying the SHIPWRECK exhibit to the state standards and enhancing school field trips. 3 Historical Society of Palm Beach County Table of Content FLORIDA SUNSHINE STATE STANDARDS ................................................................. 5 Lesson