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Paavo Nurmi Marathon Turku Is the Hometown of Paavo Nurmi, the 9 Fold Olympic Gold Medalist

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Paavo Nurmi Marathon Turku Is the Hometown of Paavo Nurmi, the 9 Fold Olympic Gold Medalist running in finland – from the elite to the masses, from the clubs to the market HANNA VEHMAS & JUKKA LAHTI UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ PLAY THE GAME, ÅRHUS OCT 30, 2013 Contents “Europe on the move, running ahead” • Background of Running in Finland • Participation in Running • Running Events in Finland • On the road from the Civic activities into the Market of Running Background of running in finland W i t h t h e “ f l y i n g f i n n s ” Background of Running in Finland… • the roots of participation in running trace back to the Olympic success of Finnish long-distance runners in the early decades of 20th century. • Finnish athletes, among them Hannes Kolehmainen, Paavo Nurmi and Ville Ritola had an unquestionable impact in contributing to the national identity of the Finns through sports • influence of the Golden Years of running for the running culture in the country …Background of Running in Finland • postwar years witnessed a decline in international running success • in the 1970’s the success of Finnish long-distance runners, above them Lasse Viren regenerated Finns’ interest in the running • emphasis of running started to shift from elite sport to participation of the masses. This was illustrated in the growth of mass sport running events Participation in Running in finland the most popular sports among adult (19-66 years old) Finns Sport 1994 1997-98 2001-02 2005-06 2009-2010 Walking 2.000.000 2.160.000 1.990.000 1.840.000 1 790 000 Biking 660.000 1.000.000 922.000 828.000 845 000 Cross Country 660.000 724.000 732.000 747.000 663 000 Skiing Swimming 510.000 573.000 520.000 578.000 575 000 Gym 377.000 341.000 359.000 524.000 713 000 Jogging 445.000 477.000 356.000 496.000 639 000 Nordic walking --- --- 300.000 444.000 454 000 Floor ball 94.000 148.000 175.000 223.000 210 000 Aerobics 179.000 211.000 182.000 190.000 532 000 Football 105.000 103.000 117.000 160.000 140 000 Roller skating --- 33.000 150.000 156.000 131 000 Down hill Skiing 193.000 172.000 150.000 143.000 141 000 Badminton 174.000 171.000 127.000 142.000 151 000 Skating 67.000 59.000 60.000 56.000 88.000 Snow boarding 8.000 17.500 29.000 30.000 Finnish Adults’ participation in running Runners 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 Runners 300,000 200,000 100,000 0 2001-02 2005-06 2009-10 the most popular sport among 3-18 years old Finns Sport 1995 1997-98 2001-02 2005-06 2009-10 Football 157 000 182 000 261 000 230 000 217 000 Cycling 88 000 179 000 261 000 202 000 180 000 Cross Country 100 000 163 000 195 000 190 000 147 000 Skiing Swimming 112 000 160 000 202 000 182 000 160 000 Jogging 58 000 84 000 113 500 133 000 149 000 Floorball 96 500 127 000 160 000 131 000 144 000 Skating 63 500 92 000 125 000 121 000 115 000 Walking 72 000 113 500 132 000 113 000 114 000 Ice hockey 112 500 129 000 116 000 105 000 101 000 Athletics 64 000 68 000 75 000 72 000 54 000 Gymnastics 51 000 51 000 70 500 67 500 83 000 Dancing 40 000 45 000 70 000 70 000 78 000 Horse riding 47 000 54 400 53 000 53 000 63 000 Gym 23 000 38 000 35 000 50 000 63 000 Downhill Skiing 48 000 50 000 50 000 52 000 57 000 Snow boarding - 21 000 32 000 23 000 10 500 Finnish Children’s and youth’s participation in running 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 THE Most Popular Sports among finnish senior citizens (66-79 yrs.) 2008 2009-2010 Walking 393.000 369. 000 Biking 160.000 133. 000 Nordic walking 112.000 157.000 Cross Country Skiing 99.000 119. 000 Gymnastic 95.000 121. 000 Swimming 89.000 92. 000 Gym 43.500 69. 000 Water gymnastic 36.000 Dancing 19.500 11. 500 Jogging 15.500 13. 000 Fishing 11.500 14. 000 Golf 10.000 13. 000 Hunting 9.500 18. 000 Hiking 7.500 Background of running events in Finland • The first running competition was organised in Laukaa in central Finland in 1878, on a frozen lake with 20 competitors, among them seven women • Soon after, running events were organised also in urban settings. In Helsinki there was the so called Achilles Games organised (first time in 1882), which comprised of several distances, for example a mile and a quarter mile competitions • The first mass running event in Finland was organized in a small town called Parainen in southwest Finland in 1966 • In the 1970’s there were ca 200 mass running events organized every year • In less than 50 years the number of running events has grown tremendously • A boom in events was witnessed in the 2000’s • Nowadays there are approximately 600-700 running events each year Amount of Running Events in Finland 1979-2012 Running events 700 600 500 400 Running events 300 200 100 0 1979 2004 2008 2010 2012 Finnish runners participating in international mass running events in 2012 On the road from the Civic activities into the market of Running The organization of running events in Finland • variety on the size, location and history • most events in have originally started out as local volunteer based sport club activities • over the years however, many events have grown and begun to attract corporate sponsors • the input of the public sector, (municipalities) has also become more apparent destination image and tourism opportunities • running schools • Finnish Athletics Federation (domain organization for athletics) • active individuals’ efforts and enthusiasm Examples of Major Mass running events in Finland Naisten Kymppi Naisten Kymppi [Women’s Ten] is the biggest mass running event in Finland. It is organized only for women. Naisten Kymppi has been organized since 1984 and it gathers nearly 20 000 participants every year. Developed by five active women, who later on formed a corporation around the event. Major profit goes to support children and youth sports. Helsinki City Run Helsinki City Run (HCR) is the biggest ½ marathon and one of the most internationally oriented running event in Finland with over 15 000 participants every year. The event has been organized since 1994 by the Finnish Athletics Federation. Helsinki City Marathon Helsinki City Marathon (HCM) is the biggest full marathon event in Finland with some 4 000–6 000 participants each year. The event has been organized since 1981 and it attracts also international runners. The major organisers are Finnish Athletics Federation and local sport clubs. Examples of Major Mass running events in Finland Forssan Suvi-ilta Forssan Suvi-ilta is the second largest mass running event in Finland with a full marathon. It is a popular midsummer running event in southwest Finland and it Has been organized since 1993. The average amount of participants has been ca 3 500 during the recent years. This includes full and ½-marathon together with shorter running distances and roller skating and cycling. The event is organized by the local sport club. Paavo Nurmi Marathon Turku is the hometown of Paavo Nurmi, the 9 fold Olympic Gold Medalist. Paavo Nurmi Marathon offers three different courses to explore Turku by foot - full marathon, half marathon and 10km run - in the footsteps of legendary Paavo Nurmi. The event is organized by the local sport club. Finlandia Marathon Finlandia Marathon is the fourth biggest running event in Finland with a full marathon. It was organized for the first time in 1978’s in Jyväskylä in Central Finland. Nowadays it gathers ca 2 500 participants every year. Conclusions Running and running events are part of Finns’ leisure for various reasons: – individual leisure choice with possibilities to increase forms of physical, economic, social, cultural capital – impact of socio-economic background – goals of society providing running possibilities – cultural meaning structures enhancing active and goal and achievement-oriented leisure Thank you! [email protected] references Bale, J. (2004). Running cultures. Racing in Time and Space. Routledge. Borodulin, K. Mäkinen, T., Prättälä R. (2010). Vapaa-ajan liikuntaa ennustavat ylioppilaslakki, valkokaulus ja paksu lompakko. [High education, white-collar occupation and economic wealth predict sport particiaption]. Liikunta & tiede, 2010: 4, 4-10. European Commission (2009). Sport and Physical Activity. Special Eurobarometer 334. Jones, I. & Green, C. B. (2006). Serious Leisure, social identity and sport tourism in H. Gibson (ed.) Sport tourism. Concepts and theories. Routledge, 32–49. Kahma, Nina (2011). Yhteiskuntaluokka ja maku. [Social class and taste]. Sosiaalititeiden laitos. Helsingin yliopisto. Diss. Mäkinen, J. (2010a).Urheilun rakenteet ja tuki Suomessa, Ruotsissa ja Norjassa. [Structures and support of sport in Finland, Sweden and Norway]. Kilpa- ja huippu-urheilun tutkimuskeskus KIHU. KIHU:n julkaisusarja nro 17. Jyväskylä. Mäkinen, T. (2010b). Trends and Explanations for Socioeconomic Differences in Physical Activity. Helsingin yliopisto, lääketieteellinen tiedekunta. Diss. National Sport Surveys 2009-2010. Suomen Kuntoliikuntaliitto ry & Suomen Liikunta ja Urheilu SLU ry & Nuori Suomi ry & Suomen Olympiakomitea & Helsingin kaupunki. Helsinki: Suomen Kuntoliikuntaliitto. OKM (2011). Suomalaisten fyysinen aktiivisuus ja kunto 2010. Terveyttä edistävän liikunnan nykytila ja muutokset. Opetus- ja kulttuuriministeriön julkaisuja 2011:15. Pauliina Husu, Olavi Paronen, Jaana Suni, Tommi Vasankari. Stebbins, R. A. (2001). New directions in the theory and research of serious leisure. Mellen studies in sociology.
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