Humanism and Culture P Ha N O M E
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FENOMENOLOSKO DRUSTVO Zbirka PHAINOMENA 1. Edmund Husserl: Filozofija kot stroga znanost (1991) 2. Martin Heidegger: Platonov nauk o resnici (1991) humanism 3. Tine Hribar:.On toJoska diferenca Cl 992) 4. Dean Komel: Razprtost prebivanja ( 1996) 5. Emmanuel Levinas: Smrt in cos (1996) 6. Andrino Tonkli - Komel: Med kritiko in krizo (1997) and culture 7. Bernhard Waldenfels: Zelo tujega ( 1998) 8. Klaus Held: Fenomenoloski spisi (1998) 9. Max Scheler: Polozaj c loveka v kozmosu (1998) • 10. Proklos: Pr:vine bogoslovja (1998) 11. Hans-Georg Gadamer: lzbrani spisi C1 999) .. Tadashi Ogawa 12. Dean Kor;nel (ur.) Annoherungen. Zur hermeneutischen Phonomenologie von Sein und Zeit (1999) 13. Maurice Merlau-Ponty: Vidno in nevidno (2000) Fran9oise Dastur 14. Ivan Urbancic: Moc in oblast (2000) l S. Dean Komel: Osnutja k filozofski in kulturni hermenevtiki (200 l) Adriano Fabris 16. Martin Heidegger: Razjasnjenja ob H61derlinovem pesnistvu (2001) 17. Wilhelm Dilthey: Zgradba zgodovinskega sveta v duhoslovnih znanostih (2002) 18. Tine Hribar: Evangelij po N i etzs~heju (2002) To·ma·s 19. Jan Bednarik: Smisel sibkosti (2003) 20. Ivan Urbancic: Nevarnost biti (2004) Kacerauskas 2 1. Damir Barbaric: Pogled, trenutek, blisk (2004) -0 0 22. Johann Gottfried von Herder: Razprava o izvoru jezika (2004) 0 23. Plotin.: O vecnosti in casu (2005) N Hans Rainer 0:: w ((l Revija PHAINOMENA Se pp ~ LU l Svet zivljenja 39-40 Risbe, razrisi 2-3 0 resnici 41-42 Bivanje v interpretaciji Dean Kamel 6 4 Franz Brentano in zacetki 43-4£1 Zacetki z fenomenologije 45-46 Evropsko sporazumevanje - · <( 5-6 lntencionalnost in jezik filozofsko razumevanje z Chung-Chi Yu <( 7-8, Nietzsche 47-48 Signature :3 9-10 Fenomenologija in teologija 49-50 Kulturnost - slikovnost - ((l 11 -12 Platon pojmovnost Bernhard :::> 13-14 . Heidegger 5 1- 52 Filozofska narecja ~ 15-16 Aristotel 53-54 Hermenevtika in humanistika I Waldenfels l.() 17- 18 Descartes 55-56 Hermenevtika in humanistika II °' 19-20 Subjekt in eksistenca 57- 58 Globalizacija - svetovni mir in -S< 2 H 22 Krog razumevanja S\fetovni etos 23-24 Okrozja srnisla 59 Humanism and Culture p ha n o m e. n a 25- 26 Etika-poetika 27- 28 Tradicija in prestop 29-30 Metapolitika 31-32 Nihilizem ISSN 131 8 - 3362 33- 34 Fenomeni in pomeni 35-36 lzvornosti 37-38 Horizonti in perspektive .ll~ ~ llllll~ lllJ,lll~ll 11111 HUMANISM AND CULTURE IZDAJA - PUBLISHED BY: Tadashi Ogawa: Cortesicn Phiosophy and 1he FENOMENOLOSKO DRUSNO V LJUBLJANI Fblitical Dynamics for Peace 5 PHENOMENOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LJUBLJANA - Franyoise Daslur: The Question ofTranscendence INSTITUT NOVE REVIJE - ZAVOD ZA HUMANISTKO in HeideggerandSarte 23 Adriano Fabris: Die Person ZALOZBA - narocilo - avtorske pravice - Publishing house - Orders - als kommunikationsfahiges Wesen Copyright © zwlschen Natur und Konsens 42 Nova revija d.o.o. Tomas Kocerouskas: Existential Humanism as Human Casopisno in zaloznisko podjetje Oeotiveness so Dalmatinova 1, H:Ul Ljubljana Hans Rainer Sepp: PhCr.omenologischeMheti<. ZanJo Tomaz Zolaznik Ein geschicht1icher Abris.5 62 tel.: (386 1) 433 43 06; fax: (386 l) 433 42 50 e-mail: [email protected] Dean Kamel: Philosophy n lnterculturoity 93 Enojna stevllka: 2400 SIT/10,01 EUR Ch.Jng-ChYlJ: Heimwett, Fremdweft Lnd die Single Issue: 10 EUR. Back issues av0lilable. ZwOChenwetten 106 lnformaclje glede r.arocil: Nova revija d.o.o. Gesprbch mit Bel'l"'hard Waldenfels For subscription informations contact: Nova revija d .o.o. (Andrna Tonkli - Komel) 120 Publikacijo sofinancirajo: Ministrstvo za znanost in tehnologljo, Ministrstvo za ABSTRACTS 128 kulturo, Razlskovalni institut Filozofske fakultete ADRESSES OF THE CONTRIBUTORS 136 Supported by: Ministry of Science and Technology of Slovenia, Ministry of INSTRUCTORS FO'R AUTHORS 138 Culture of Slovenia, Research Institute at the Faculty of Arts · Revlja Phalnomena je vkljucena v: The journal Phainomena is included in: The Philosopher's Index, Sociological Abstracts, Social Services Abstracts, Worldwide Political Science Abstracts, Linguistics and Language Behaviour Abstracts, Internationale Blbliographie der Geistes und Sozialwlssenschaften. Internationale Blbliographie der Rezensionen. The Social Science Information Gateway. Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology/ Books and Journals, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory · LE.KTORIRAlA - Proof Reading: Zarika Snoj Verbovsek OBLIKOVAL - Design: Gasper Demsar TISK - Printed by: Kocevski tisk PRELOM - Layout: LlROC, d.o.o. NAKLADA - Number of copies: 500 izvodov - 500 copies LJUBLJANA 2006 HUMANISM AND CULTURE HUMANISM AND CULTURE 3 HUMANISM AND CULTURE PHAINOMENA XV/59, NOVEMBER 2006 HUMANIZEM IN KULTURA 5 Tadashi Ogawa: Kartezijanska filozofija in politicna dinamika za mir 23 Frarn;;oise Dastur: Vprasanje transcendence pri Heideggru in Sartru 42 Adtiano Fabris: Oseba kot komunikacije zmozno bitje med naravo in konsenzom 50 Tomas Kacerauskas: Eksistencialni humanizem kot cloveska ustvarjalnost 62 Hans Rainer Sepp: Fenomenoloska estetika. Zgodovinski oris 2 93 Dean Komel: Filozofija v medkulturnosti 106 Chung-Chi Yu: DomaCi svet, tuji svet in medsvet 120 Pogovor z Bemhardom Waldenfelsom (Andrina Tonkli - Komel) 128 IZVLECKI 136 NASLOVISODELAVCEV 140 NAVODILA ZA AVTORJE HUMANISM AND CULTURE HUMANISM AND CULTURE 3 HUMANISM AND CULTURE Jalashi Bgavva - C RTESIAN PHILOSOPHY AND THE POLITICAL DYNAMICS FOR PEACE In spite of the first impression evoked by the title, the intention of this article 5 lies not in political practice itself but in the purely philosophical theorization of the "peace problem." Today we have been plunged into the most developed stage of technology in the history of mankind. In this age we can hardly de- clare that the future of mankind will be bright; on the contrary, we are undeni- ably thrown into the most critical situation that our human race has ever expe rienced. Therefore we must first of all inquire into the kind of crises with which we are now confronted: what matters most is to recognize and grasp the present situation as it is. Our next problem will be to investigate the origins of such a crucial situation. By elucidating conceivable causes, the way to overcome this human difficulty will be opened up. Our final task, consequently, will be to consider how to overcome the difficulties we now face. Therefore my discussions will develop in the following three steps: 1. Diagnostic Considerations: to recognize and grasp the difficulties mankind faces today as the crises of the whole of human beings. 2. Etiological Attempts: to clarify the causes that induce these difficulties. PHAINOMENA 15/59 HUMANISM AND CULTIJRE 3. Therapeutic Solutions: to find the way to extricate ourselves from this crisis and to provide for the further survival of mankind. 1. DIAGNOSTICS "Mankind is now moaning, half-squeezed under the weight of the progress he 1 has made himself' - so wrote Bergson in 1932, in the last paragraph of the last chapter in his last book, Deux Sources de la Morale et de la Religion. It is indeed a paradox that Bergson seems to have predicted the contemporary situation of human beings, for he had main tained the impossibility to predict the future according to his original theory of time (la duree).2 More than half a century has passed since Bergson's predic tion. And today his "prophecy" is ironically gaining reality and importance. These days we are continually plagued with worsening environmental pollu tion: automobile exhaust, radioactive contamination, industrial waste water, 6 mercury poisoning causing Minamata-disease, cadmium contamination and so forth. Besides, we have seen not a few instances of deformed monkeys. One of the most shocking events in the recent world is the appearance of a deformed cow with two heads and three eyes. In Hiroshima and Nagasaki many people are still suffering because of the acute aftereffects of the Atomic Bombings in 1945: the exposure to radioactivity either directly or indirectly induces mortal diseases such as cancer at a high rate. Nevertheless, this over-developed tech nology seems to contain in itself neither controlling faculties nor controlling facilities. This means that newer and newer nuclear weapons will be developed in the future. 3 1 Henri Bergson, Les Deux Sources de la Morale et de la Religion, Alcan, Paris 1932; P.U.F., Pru.is 1962, p. 338. 2 In his theory of time, Ia dun~e , the essence of time is regarded as "the progression of the organizing unification of present time and past time." For Bergson "time future" is something inscrutable and unpredictable since prediction is supposed to belong to present time, not to future time. Cf. Bergson, Essai sur les donees immediates de la conscience. Akan, Paris 1888; P.U.F., Paris 1961, p. 78, 138. 3 Cf. Klaus Held, "Wie entstand die Wissenschaft?'', in: Klaus Held, Die Geburt der Philosophie: Zwei Vortrage in Griechenland, Tadashi Ogawa (ed), Dogakusha, Tokyo 1987, p. 38-40. It is pointed out in this lecture that the Life-World Philosophy of Husserl and its precursor the presocratic origin of thinking have relevance and importance to ecological problems. T ADASHI OGAWA: CARTESIAN PHILOSOPHY AND TIIE POLITICAL DYNAMICS FOR PEACE Is the "danger" to our survival brought about by something immanent in tech nology itself? Or, does the root of evil lie rather in the human being who uses and handles it? It is not difficult to answer the first question: no one cannot simply affirm the idea that technology contains evil in itself, considering how much benefit it has brought to human beings. Actually, technology has no doubt contributed to the increase of industrial productivity. As a result, contemporary Japan, for example, can afford to support almost three times the population compared with that of the Edo-period (1600-1868). It is not easy, however, to answer the second question, which is much more complicated. It is likely that technology invites crisis. However, by bringing the essence of being to light, it may also serve to modify and improve this being for the benefit of the human race. Hence the source of every problem centers on the relation between technology and human beings.