Atypicat Molecular Evolution of Afrotherian and Xenarthran B-Globin
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Classification of Mammals 61
© Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FORCHAPTER SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION Classification © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC 4 NOT FORof SALE MammalsOR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION © Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION. 2ND PAGES 9781284032093_CH04_0060.indd 60 8/28/13 12:08 PM CHAPTER 4: Classification of Mammals 61 © Jones Despite& Bartlett their Learning,remarkable success, LLC mammals are much less© Jones stress & onBartlett the taxonomic Learning, aspect LLCof mammalogy, but rather as diverse than are most invertebrate groups. This is probably an attempt to provide students with sufficient information NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION NOT FORattributable SALE OR to theirDISTRIBUTION far greater individual size, to the high on the various kinds of mammals to make the subsequent energy requirements of endothermy, and thus to the inabil- discussions of mammalian biology meaningful. -
Sirenian Feeding Apparatus: Functional Morphology of Feeding Involving Perioral Bristles and Associated Structures
THE SIRENIAN FEEDING APPARATUS: FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF FEEDING INVOLVING PERIORAL BRISTLES AND ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES By CHRISTOPHER DOUGLAS MARSHALL A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNrVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REOUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1997 DEDICATION to us simply as I dedicate this work to the memory of J. Rooker (known "Rooker") and to sirenian conservation. Rooker was a subject involved in the study during the 1993 sampling year at Lowry Park Zoological Gardens. Rooker died during the red tide event in May of 1996; approximately 140 other manatees also died. During his rehabilitation at Lowry Park Zoo, Rooker provided much information regarding the mechanism of manatee feeding and use of the perioral bristles. The "mortality incident" involving the red tide event in southwest Florida during the summer of 1996 should serve as a reminder that the Florida manatee population and the status of all sirenians is precarious. Although some estimates suggest that the Florida manatee population may be stable, annual mortality numbers as well as habitat degradation continue to increase. Sirenian conservation and research efforts must continue. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Research involving Florida manatees required that I work with several different government agencies and private parks. The staff of the Sirenia Project, U.S. Geological Service, Biological Resources Division - Florida Caribbean Science Center has been most helpful in conducting the behavioral aspect of this research and allowed this work to occur under their permit (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Permit number PRT-791721). Numerous conversations regarding manatee biology with Dr. -
B.Sc. II YEAR CHORDATA
B.Sc. II YEAR CHORDATA CHORDATA 16SCCZO3 Dr. R. JENNI & Dr. R. DHANAPAL DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY M. R. GOVT. ARTS COLLEGE MANNARGUDI CONTENTS CHORDATA COURSE CODE: 16SCCZO3 Block and Unit title Block I (Primitive chordates) 1 Origin of chordates: Introduction and charterers of chordates. Classification of chordates up to order level. 2 Hemichordates: General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Balanoglossus and its affinities. 3 Urochordata: General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Herdmania and its affinities. 4 Cephalochordates: General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Branchiostoma (Amphioxus) and its affinities. 5 Cyclostomata (Agnatha) General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Petromyzon and its affinities. Block II (Lower chordates) 6 Fishes: General characters and classification up to order level. Types of scales and fins of fishes, Scoliodon as type study, migration and parental care in fishes. 7 Amphibians: General characters and classification up to order level, Rana tigrina as type study, parental care, neoteny and paedogenesis. 8 Reptilia: General characters and classification up to order level, extinct reptiles. Uromastix as type study. Identification of poisonous and non-poisonous snakes and biting mechanism of snakes. 9 Aves: General characters and classification up to order level. Study of Columba (Pigeon) and Characters of Archaeopteryx. Flight adaptations & bird migration. 10 Mammalia: General characters and classification up -
Tentative Syllabus
EEB 451 Biology of Mammals - Winter 2016 Instructor - Professor Priscilla Tucker 3036 Museums Building [email protected] GSI – Lisa Walsh 3091 Museums Building [email protected] Tentative Lecture Syllabus 4151 USB Tuesday/Thursday 1:00-2:30 Jan. 7 Introduction to course 12 Introduction to mammals, origins, phylogeny - Chapters 1 and 2 in Vaughan et al. 2015 14 Introduction to mammals, origins, characteristics - Chapter 3 19 physiology, body size (activity: body size and the cost of being small) - Chapter 21 21 Monotremata and Metatheria – Chapters 5 and 6 26 Metatheria cont., marsupial reproduction – Chapters 6 and 20 28 Soricomorpha, Erinaceomorpha - Chapter 14 Feb. 2 Guest Lecturer 4 Afrotheria- Afrosoricida, Macroscelidea, Tubulidentata, Paenungulata - Chapters 8 and 9 9 Xenarthra - Pilosa, Cingulata - Chapter 10 11 Chiroptera - Chapter 15 16 Chiroptera; echolocation and other sensory systems - Chapter 22 18 Mammalian Reproduction – Chapter 28 23 Cetartiodactyla, Perissodactyla - Chapters 17 and 18 25 Cetartiodactyla continued - Chapter 20 Midterm Break Mar. 8 Carnivora I - Chapter 16 10 Carnivora II - Chapter 16 15 Carnivora III, Pholidota – Chapters 16 and 10, page 150 17 Dermoptera, Scandentia, Primates I - Chapters 11 and 12 22 Primates II - Chapter 12 24 Rodentia I- Chapter 13 29 Rodentia II - Chapter 13 31 Rodentia III and Lagomorpha - Chapter 13 Apr. 5 Conservation Concerns/Zoonoses- Chapter 26 and 28 7 Guest Lecture – Prof. Geoff Gerstner 12 Term Project Presentations 14 Term Project Presentations Grades: Lab quizzes (10) 300 mid-term exam 100 final exam 100 term project 100 total 600 Course Goals You will have the opportunity to see and learn about a large number of groups of mammals, including around 100 families, and you will also be learning to recognize around 65 species of mammals that are found in Michigan. -
The Giant Sea Mammal That Went Extinct in Less Than Three Decades
The Giant Sea Mammal That Went Extinct in Less Than Three Decades The quick disappearance of the 30-foot animal helped to usher in the modern science of human-caused extinctions. JACOB MIKANOWSKI, THE ATLANTIC 4/19/17 HTTPS://WWW.THEATLANTIC.COM/SCIENCE/ARCHIVE/2017/04/PLEIST OSEACOW/522831/ The Pleistocene, the geologic era immediately preceding our own, was an age of giants. North America was home to mastodons and saber-tooth cats; mammoths and wooly rhinos roamed Eurasia; giant lizards and bear-sized wombats strode across the Australian outback. Most of these giants died at the by the end of the last Ice Age, some 14,000 years ago. Whether this wave of extinctions was caused by climate change, overhunting by humans, or some combination of both remains a subject of intense debate among scientists. Complicating the picture, though, is the fact that a few Pleistocene giants survived the Quaternary extinction event and nearly made it intact to the present. Most of these survivor species found refuge on islands. Giant sloths were still living on Cuba 6,000 years ago, long after their relatives on the mainland had died out. The last wooly mammoths died out just 4,000 years ago. They lived in a small herd on Wrangel Island north of the Bering Strait between the Chukchi and East Siberian Seas. Two-thousand years ago, gorilla-sized lemurs were still living on Madagascar. A thousand years ago, 12-foot-tall moa birds were still foraging in the forests of New Zealand. Unlike the other long-lived megafauna, Steller’s sea cows, one of the last of the Pleistocene survivors to die out, found their refuge in a remote scrape of the ocean instead of on land. -
Constraints on the Timescale of Animal Evolutionary History
Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history Michael J. Benton, Philip C.J. Donoghue, Robert J. Asher, Matt Friedman, Thomas J. Near, and Jakob Vinther ABSTRACT Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is much debate on the most appropriate and reasonable ways in which to date the tree of life, and recent work has highlighted some confusions and complexities that can be avoided. Whether phylogenetic trees are dated after they have been estab- lished, or as part of the process of tree finding, practitioners need to know which cali- brations to use. We emphasize the importance of identifying crown (not stem) fossils, levels of confidence in their attribution to the crown, current chronostratigraphic preci- sion, the primacy of the host geological formation and asymmetric confidence intervals. Here we present calibrations for 88 key nodes across the phylogeny of animals, rang- ing from the root of Metazoa to the last common ancestor of Homo sapiens. Close attention to detail is constantly required: for example, the classic bird-mammal date (base of crown Amniota) has often been given as 310-315 Ma; the 2014 international time scale indicates a minimum age of 318 Ma. Michael J. Benton. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Philip C.J. Donoghue. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Robert J. -
Afrotherian Conservation – Number 16
AFROTHERIAN CONSERVATION Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Afrotheria Specialist Group Number 16 Edited by PJ Stephenson September 2020 Afrotherian Conservation is published annually by the measure the effectiveness of SSC’s actions on biodiversity IUCN Species Survival Commission Afrotheria Specialist conservation, identification of major new initiatives Group to promote the exchange of news and information needed to address critical conservation issues, on the conservation of, and applied research into, consultations on developing policies, guidelines and aardvarks, golden moles, hyraxes, otter shrews, sengis and standards, and increasing visibility and public awareness of tenrecs. the work of SSC, its network and key partners. Remarkably, 2020 marks the end of the current IUCN Published by IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. quadrennium, which means we will be dissolving the © 2020 International Union for Conservation of Nature membership once again in early 2021, then reassembling it and Natural Resources based on feedback from our members. I will be in touch ISSN: 1664-6754 with all members at the relevant time to find out who wishes to remain a member and whether there are any Find out more about the Group people you feel should be added to our group. No one is on our website at http://afrotheria.net/ASG.html automatically re-admitted, however, so you will all need to and on Twitter @Tweeting_Tenrec actively inform me of your wishes. We will very likely need to reassess the conservation status of all our species during the next quadrennium, so get ready for another round of Red Listing starting Message from the Chair sometime in the not too distant future. -
Checklist: Mammals of Mkomazi
CHAPTER 32 Checklist: Mammals of Mkomazi S. Keith Eltringham, Robert J. Morley, Jonathan Kingdon, Malcolm J. Coe & Nicholas C. McWilliam The following list is based on: field records by the Mkomazi Ecological Research Programme in 1992–96; small mammal records made by Larry Harris in 1964–67 (marked LH) (Harris 1972) and collections made by Rob Morley (marked RM; see Chapter 30). Additional comments and sightings by Malcolm Coe (marked MJC), Keith Eltringham (KE) and Jonathan Kingdon (JK). Historical data col- lated by Nicholas McWilliam. Species thought not to occur wild any longer in Mkomazi are marked ‘*’ and details are given at the end of this chapter. Nomen- clature (Latin and common) follows Corbett & Hill (1991), Skinner & Smithers (1990) and Kingdon (1997). MAMMALS (Class Mammalia) ?Usambara galago Galagoides orinus. Possible recording from Ibaya Hill (JK). PLACENTALS (Sub-class Eutheria) PRIMATES (Order Primates) BATS (Order Chiroptera) Cheek-pouch monkeys (Cercopithecidae) Yellow baboon Papio cynocephalus. Re- Fruit bats (Sub-order Megachiroptera) ported by JK and KE. JK has suggested Pteropodidae mixing with olive baboon (P. anubis) in Rousette bat Rousettus aegyptiacus. LH, overlap of ranges. listed as R. angolensis, but not known from Olive baboon Papio anubis. KE. this region. * Angola pied colobus Colobus angolensis. Epauletted fruit bat Epomophorus sp. LH. Reported possible sighting 19 June 1995 Probably E. wahlbergi but Eidolon helvum near Umba River. Formerly quite common. known from this area (MJC). Vervet monkey Cercopithecus pygerythrus. Sykes’ monkey Cercopithecus mitis. Insect bats (Sub-order Microchiroptera) Slit-faced bats (Nycteridae) Galagos (Galagonidae) Slit-faced bat Nycteris thebaica. LH, listed Small-eared galago Otolemur garbetti. -
Marine Mammals from the Miocene of Panama
Journal of South American Earth Sciences 30 (2010) 167e175 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of South American Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jsames Marine mammals from the Miocene of Panama Mark D. Uhen a,*, Anthony G. Coates b, Carlos A. Jaramillo b, Camilo Montes b, Catalina Pimiento b,c, Aldo Rincon b, Nikki Strong b, Jorge Velez-Juarbe d a George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA b Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama c Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA d Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology, Department of Anatomy, Howard University, WA 20059, USA article info abstract Article history: Panama has produced an abundance of Neogene marine fossils both invertebrate (mollusks, corals, Received 1 May 2009 microfossils etc.) and vertebrate (fish, land mammals etc.), but marine mammals have not been previ- Accepted 21 August 2010 ously reported. Here we describe a cetacean thoracic vertebra from the late Miocene Tobabe Formation, a partial cetacean rib from the late Miocene Gatun Formation, and a sirenian caudal vertebra and rib Keywords: fragments from the early Miocene Culebra Formation. These finds suggest that Central America may yet Panama provide additional fossil marine mammal specimens that will help us to understand the evolution, and Neogene particularly the biogeography of these groups. Miocene Ó Pliocene 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Cetacea Sirenia 1. Introduction archipelago, Panama (Fig. 1A). The Tobabe Formation is the basal unit of the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene (w7.2ew3.5 Ma) Bocas del Central America includes an abundance of marine sedimentary Toro Group, an approximately 600 m thick succession of volcani- rock units that have produced many fossil marine invertebrates clastic marine sediments (Fig. -
University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
TRACE METAL CONCENTRATIONS AND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF ZINC IN THE WEST INDIAN MANATEE (Trichechus manatus) By NOEL YOKO TAKEUCHI A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2012 1 © 2012 Noel Yoko Takeuchi 2 To my parents, for without them, I would not be where I am today. As first generation Japanese immigrants, they continue to inspire me to live the “American Dream”. 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I want to first, and foremost, thank my amazing advisor, Dr. David Barber, for his dedication to his students, his great insight to science, life and family, and for being encouraging when times were tough. I want to also give a huge thank you to my committee members: Drs. Roger Reep, Robert Bonde, Robert Cousins and Michael Walsh. This could not have been accomplished without their support, advice and expertise. The greatest part of science is working together to answer a common question. As a result, I have a number of collaborators and organizations to thank for being a part of this project. The magnificent United States Geological Survey (Sirenia Project), Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission (Dr. Charles Deutsch), Nicole Auil Gomez and Dr. James Powell (Sea to Shore Alliance), Dr. Ramiro Isaza, Carla Bernal, Natalie Hall (UF) and Dr. Ellen Wiedner (Ringling Brothers) for elephant samples, the Marine Mammal Pathobiology Laboratory (Dr. Martine deWit and staff), Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium (Joseph Gaspard), Dr. Dean Bass (Doctor’s Data, Inc.), Dr. Iske Larkin (UF) and Joyce Kleen (Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge) for plant surveys, Dr. -
The Reproductive Biology of Two Small Southern
The reproductive biology of two small southern African mammals, the spiny mouse, Acomys spinosissimus (Rodentia: Muridae) and the Eastern rock elephant- shrew, Elephantulus myurus (Macroscelidea: Macroscelididae) by Katarina Medger Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy In the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria December, 2010 © University of Pretoria II Table of Contents List of tables .............................................................................................................. vii List of figures ............................................................................................................ viii Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... x Declaration ................................................................................................................ xii SUMMARY ............................................................................................. 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 3 Seasonal reproduction ....................................................................................... 3 Temperate vs. sub-tropical and tropical regions ....................................................... 3 Food quantity and quality .......................................................................................... 4 Seasonal vs. opportunistic breeding strategies ........................................................ -
Applications of Existing Biodiversity Information: Capacity to Support Decision-Making
Applications of existing biodiversity information: capacity to support decision-making Fabio Corsi 4 October 2004 Promoters: Prof. Dr. A.K. Skidmore Professor of Vegetation and Agricultural Land Use Survey International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), Enschede and Wageningen University The Netherlands Prof. Dr. H.H.T. Prins Professor of Tropical Nature Conservation and Vertebrate Ecology Wageningen University The Netherlands Co-promoter: Dr. J. De Leeuw Associate Professor, Department of Natural Resources International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), Enschede The Netherlands Examination committee: Dr. J.R.M. Alkemade Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (RIVM/MNP), The Netherlands Prof.Dr.Ir. A.K. Bregt Wageningen University, The Netherlands Dr. H.H. de Iongh Centrum voor Landbouw en Milieu, The Netherlands Prof. G. Tosi Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Italy Applications of existing biodiversity information: capacity to support decision-making Fabio Corsi THESIS To fulfil the requirements for the degree of doctor on the authority of the Rector Magnificus of Wageningen University, Prof. Dr. Ir. L. Speelman, to be publicly defended on Monday 4th of October 2004 at 15:00 hrs in the auditorium of ITC, Enschede. ISBN: 90-8504-090-6 ITC Dissertation number: 114 © 2004 Fabio Corsi Susan, Barty and Cloclo Table of Contents Samenvatting ......................................................................................................v Summary .........................................................................................................