Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project
Baa Atoll Land Survey Report April 2007
Prepared for Ministry of Environment, Energy and Water Maldives
Prepared by Water Solutions Pvt ATOLL ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION PROJECT
BAA ATOLL LAND SURVEY REPORT
Prepared for
Ministry of Environment, Energy and Water
Prepared by
Water Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
April 2007 Baa Atoll Land Survey Report i
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... I
1 INTRODUCTION...... 3
2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ...... 3
3 PROJECT DELIVERABLES...... 3
4 METHODOLOGY...... 3
4.1 SURVEY TEAM ...... 4 4.2 EQUIPMENT ...... 4 4.3 LOCAL CONSULTATION...... 5 4.4 SURVEY METHODS...... 5 4.4.1 Urban area...... 5 4.4.2 Rural and coastal area ...... 6 4.4.3 Permanent Survey Control Marks (PSCM) ...... 7 4.5 DATA PROCESSING AND PLOTTING ...... 7
5 OBSTACLES AND SOLUTIONS...... 7
6 RESULTS AND EVALUATION...... 8
7 PRESENTATION ...... 9
8 APPENDIX 1: DETAIL SURVEY MAPS...... 10
8.1 DHARAVANDHOO ...... 8.2 DHONFANU...... 8.3 EYDHAFUSHI ...... 8.4 FEHENDHOO ...... 8.5 FULHADHOO...... 8.6 GOIDHOO...... 8.7 HITHAADHOO ...... 8.8 KAMADHOO ...... 8.9 KENDHOO...... 8.10 KIHAADHOO ...... 8.11 KUDARIKILU ...... 8.12 MAALHOS ...... 8.13 THULHAADHOO......
9 APPENDIX 2: BEACH PROFILES...... 11
9.1 DHARAVANDHOO ...... 9.2 DHONFANU......
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9.3 EYDHAFUSHI ...... 9.4 FEHENDHOO ...... 9.5 FULHADHOO...... 9.6 GOIDHOO...... 9.7 HITHAADHOO ...... 9.8 KAMADHOO ...... 9.9 KENDHOO...... 9.10 KIHAADHOO ...... 9.11 KUDARIKILU ...... 9.12 MAALHOS ...... 9.13 THULHAADHOO......
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1 Introduction
The Ministry of Environment, Energy and Water (MEEW) with consultation from Ministry of
Housing and Urban Development declared to survey all inhabitant islands of Baa Atoll to obtain base maps of the islands which is required for land use planning as well as for the Atoll Ecosystem
Conservation project (AEC). The AEC project is been executed by MEEW. The task of surveying all inhabitant islands of Baa Atoll was assigned to Water Solutions Private Limited (WS) after the bidding process. All though, the initial number of islands that were required to survey in the project was eleven, WS decided to included the two remaining islands, Fulhadhoo and Fehendhoo as a complimentary work for MEEW. In addition, reef extents of all islands were surveyed whereas on
Eydhafushi, Dharavandhoo and Eydhafushi were only required. This report is aimed to give a brief outlook on the work undertaken. A detail explanation of the methodology employed in the work and the obstacles faced are also stated in the report. The accuracy achieved in the survey is analysed and its conformity with the requirements of the TOR is given.
2 Aims and objectives
The work was planned such that requirements of the TOR are met eventually. Redundant field data were collected to maximise the accuracy of the survey. The main objective of the work was to produce detail survey maps at a higher accuracy that satisfy the requirements of a standard base map.
3 Project deliverables
As stated in the Terms of Reference (TOR), the following items have to be submitted at the end of the project.
‐ Electronic and hard copy of the survey report
‐ Soft copy of the survey maps in WGS84 (UTM Zone 43, North) mapping reference system, satisfying the terms stated in the TOR.
4 Methodology
The methods used in the work are in compliance with best survey practise as accepted internationally. Method of survey is selected to give the maximum possible accuracy and that minimises errors from instrument and avoids human errors.
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4.1 Survey team
The survey team consists of well‐experienced personal.
• Hussein Nawaaz, BSc (Hons) Surveying and mapping sciences, UK. Nawaaz has 9 years
experience in surveying and mapping. He is the project leader and coordinator. He was
involved in the surveys of urban area and also the transect levels. Establishment of
permanent survey control marks were also done under his guidance.
• Ahmed Firass Afeef, BSc Land Surveying, New Zealand. Firass has 3 years experience in
surveying. Firass also worked in the urban area survey and obtained transect levels. Firass
also aided in establishing permanent survey control marks.
• Farhath Jameel, GPS expert by experience. Farhath was involved in all GPS work. Farhath
also obtained data for beach profiles.
• Aslam Shakir, a Landuse Planner and an environmental specialist by profession. GPS
observations and beach profiles were also taken by Aslam.
Two teams worked in the urban area survey. For each team, a survey assistant and a helper from
each island was assigned.
4.2 Equipment
State‐of‐the‐art equipment was utilized through the survey work. Many equipment were invested to the project so that quality of the survey would not be compromised. The following list are the main equipments used in the survey.
Total Stations (2 sets)
- Topcon GPT 3005N Pulse Total Station (accuracy: 3 sec angular, 5mm distance) - Topcon GTS 225 Electronic Total Station (accuracy: 5 sec angular, 5mm distance)
GPS (4 sets)
- Trimble Geo XT with Zephyr antenna (accuracy: 4 cm with differential correction) - Trimble Geo XT with Hurricane antenna (accuracy: 4 cm with differential correction) - Trimble GeoXH (accuracy: 4 cm with differential correction)
Level
- Horizon Automatic Level (magnification: 30x )
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Other accessories
Other small items, ranging from Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) devices to measuring tapes were used in the survey. Communication devices and field computers were used for daily processing of the field data.
4.3 Local consultation
Upon arrival at every island the island official, usually Island Chiefs (Katheebs) were consulted and the most current map of the island obtained. This map was used as a sketch and to identify public buildings and places, newly allocated residential plots and other places of interest such as agricultural or industrial areas. The officials were also briefed about the nature of our work and the temporary difficulty it may cause to the public such as disruption to traffic in narrower streets in some larger islands. Information about underground cables and pipes was also gathered and the necessary consent obtained in order to avoid any damage caused while hammering in our temporary survey marks. Island officials were informed on the location of Permanent Survey Control Marks (PSCMs) on the island.
4.4 Survey methods
4.4.1 Urban area
The urban area mainly consists of residential blocks, roads, isolated structures such as telecommunication antennae, beach huts, ‘Hiya’, ‘Holhuashi’, harbour, seawall, coastal structures and other hard detail found in the mail land. Some significant trees were also found in the urban area.
These areas were mainly surveyed using Total Station. A local traverse in an arbitrary reference system is run through the area to provide survey control to the areas. The traverse is adjusted for misclosures and reobserved until the required accuracy for the traverse is obtained. A secondary traverse and sometimes a tertiary traverse were run to provide survey control points to difficult areas.
Once the traversed points were fixed to the accuracy higher than 0.1m, angle and distance observations were made to the block corners and other details that are required. For the curved block corners, tangents were drawn from either side of the block and the meeting point of the tangents were surveyed. This will give a higher accuracy to the block shape, size and orientation. Offsets and tape measurements were done for inconvenient places and also to minimise too many instrument set up points.
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Transect levels that are taken to the linear extent of the islands in the many cases were also surveyed by the two teams. Trignometrical levelling technique applied to obtain the levels.
The urban area was surveyed by two survey teams. For each island, the urban area was divided into two halves. The above methodology was applied in the surveys by each team, independently. Once the survey is completed, the surveys are joined by tying common traverse points that were surveyed.
Adjustments and checks were made to make the two surveys meet the accuracy of the TOR.
4.4.2 Rural and coastal area
In terms of the survey, rural area of the islands were generally made up of vegetation, large trees and agricultural land. In Goidhoo, pond and mangrove were found. Historical sites as in Maalhos were found in the rural area. Many wasteland were among the survey details of the rural area. Survey details of the coastal area were extents of reef, lagoon, low and high tide, vegetation, erosion and beach rocks. Structures of coastal defences, seawalls, and beach profiles were also among the coastal area survey details.
4.4.2.1 GPS Surveying
Differential technique of GPS surveying was method used in mapping the rural and coastal area.
Differential GPS technique yields a higher accuracy than 0.1m. The differential GPS surveying can be explained by simultaneous observation by two GPS receivers to the same constellation of satellites.
One receiver is stationery which is called the base. Base receiver was set up on an open area, safe from disturbances until the end of survey. The rover, which is the mobile receiver goes with the surveyor picking details. After end of survey, post processing is done where the corrections from the base receiver is applied to data from the rover to obtain higher accuracy data.
4.4.2.2 GPS survey reference system
Trimble Geo XT GPS receiver collects data in WGS84 reference system. The data used in the final plotting is in UTM Zone 43 North grid system. This is the reference system that was required as said in the TOR.
The above procedure was used through the survey of GPS surveying of the rural and coastal details.
Base receiver is usually set up near island office so that it can be watched. Any movement or battery failure could cost the day’s work so lot of care was taken.
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4.4.3 Permanent Survey Control Marks (PSCM)
The PSCMs served as the means to tie the urban survey to GPS surveys. It once both surveys are tied, the urban surveys will be in the required mapping frame, i.e. UTM Zone 43 North (WGS84 datum).
For this purpose, and also for the benefit of the parties who would be using the survey maps produced from this data, PSCM were surveyed at higher accuracy than any other detail. Static GPS observations were made to these marks minimum of 45 minutes and Total Station observations were made redundantly.
Care was taken in selecting the location for the PSCM. As permanent survey marks are the only means of reference of the survey on the ground, its preservation is important. Therefore, PSCMs were placed on permanent stable structures. Where in the case of absence of such structures, iron rods were place on the ground with cement reinforcement. PSCMs placed on structures are iron nails (2 inch in length). The marks are labelled and marked in spray for easy identification. These marks are usually on seawall of harbours which provide good open space for GPS observations on the mark.
4.5 Data processing and plotting
Daily processing of field data is carried out in the night. Angle and distance observations from Total
Station observations are processed and used for preliminary plotting. Data from traverse observations are processed and adjusted for any misclosures. If misclosure is more than acceptable, new observations were made on the next day to strengthen the traverse points. Likewise, GPS observations are downloaded each day to check for any errors in the data. GPS data is cleaned and edited before it is used with data from other surveys. A steady data processing night session is maintained every night so that before the survey teams leaves the island, a preliminary survey map is made and accuracy of the survey can be analysed. AutoCAD software is used for plotting. GPS data downloaded from GPS receivers are exported to AutoCAD and data is cleaned and edited.
5 Obstacles and solutions
There are minor setbacks faced during the survey work, both in the field and back in the office.
Considering the experience from the field, delays were faced due to weather change. Heavy rain took obstructed work for 4 days in the field. The following issues and their corresponding measures taken are noteworthy to mention here.
• Residential plots and blocks which have no boundary wall were experienced in almost all
islands. Many plots which were registered had no boundary walls. In addition, many plots
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and blocks had dilapidated walls where plot or block corners were not easily identifiable.
This issue was solved by consulting with officials from Island Office. Plot dimensions are
obtained from the Island Office which is used to construct the corners. However, sometimes
officials from Island Office assist the survey teams on site in these kinds of issues.
• Newly assigned plot had no corner stones. These plots were constructed on the map with
dimensions obtained from the Island Office. However, plots that were proposed which does
not have approval from Ministry of Housing and Urban Development (MHUD) were not
included in the surveying map.
• In some islands, thick vegetation made extents of cemeteries, football grounds and farm lands
hard to obtain. GPS surveying was made difficult due to overhead canopy. Likewise, Total
Station observations were hindered due to obstruction to the line of sight. With a minor
comprise to accuracy, tape measurements were made both to ends and diagonally. Diagonal
measurements would give orientation.
• Agricultural plots: inconsistency in leasing plots for agriculture in some islands made it near
impossible for us to differentiate between the different plots and their boundaries.
Boundaries of farm lands were observed using GPS.
• Roads through vegetation: the width of roads cleared through thick vegetation was hard to
determine, because the extent of the road varies and, in many such roads, coconut trees had
not been cleared, making it really hard to define the edge. In such roads, centre line of the
road were surveyed. Width of the roads was determined at various place by tape
measurements.
• Internal boundary of non‐residential plots: usually buildings in the plot obstruct any diagonal
and sometimes side measurements from been taken. Without diagonal measurements,
orientation can go erroneous. Measures were taken to get near orientation by small
triangulation technique.
• Permanent Survey Control Marks (PSCM): these marks that were established on the ground
in cement reinforcement were subject to disturbances. Marks in Kudarikilu and Kamadhoo
were disturbed and thrown away. To avoid this problem, consecutive PSCMs were
established on hard surfaces such as seawalls with iron nail. Additional PCMS were
established on seawalls on the islands where PCMS were questionable.
6 Results and evaluation
Quality of survey is always measured by the achieved accuracy. Accuracy of the surveys were easily analysed by the misclosures from the individual traverses. Additionally, checks made to formerly
Prepared by: Water Solutions Baa Atoll Land Survey Report 9 observed survey marks can also give relative accuracy of the traverse. In the case of Baa Atoll Survey, survey teams working in the urban area were able to make cross‐checks on either teams survey, i.e. traverse points. The misclosure of individual traverses was in the order of 5‐10mm. When the data of the two survey teams in the urban area were tied, misclosures were found to be in the range of 0.5‐
1.5cm. This clearly shows the accuracy of the surveys in the urban area.
When the data from the GPS were tied with the data from survey teams, which completes the detail survey map, the misclosure were found to be only 4‐9 cm in disagreement. However, the Permanent
Survey Control Marks (PSCM) that appear on the survey map is the ones observed from Total
Stations which had the accuracy of 0.5‐1.5cm. This suggests that the PSCM will provide very high accuracy to the urban area of each island. With 4‐9 cm accuracy in GPS data, it will only serve as a shift, which could be negligible in rural area where there are no hard details.
The above analysis shows that the survey of Baa Atoll was done on a very high order of accuracy.
Accuracy of 4‐9 cm in the survey conforms with the TOR.
7 Presentation
The final detail survey drawings are made in AutoCAD (version 2007). Coordinates in the drawing are in UTM Zone 43 which is in WGS84 datum. All dimensions in the map are in metres. The drawing consists of two legends; Landuse Legend and Feature Legend. The Landuse Legend is made to show the different landuses of the plots. The colour codes and titles were obtained from MHUD guideline given with the project material. Feature legend would show features such as reef line, vegetation line etc. Colour codes for these features were taken from the MHUD guidelines.
Two sets of survey maps are attached to this Report. Softcopy set have all the maps in AutoCAD format as well as in PDF file format. Hard copy prints of the survey maps, only to give a immediate view of the final product is attached. Set of beach profile data, both hardcopy and softcopy is attached.
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8 Appendix 1: Detail survey maps
8.1 Dharavandhoo
8.2 Dhonfanu
8.3 Eydhafushi
8.4 Fehendhoo
8.5 Fulhadhoo
8.6 Goidhoo
8.7 Hithaadhoo
8.8 Kamadhoo
8.9 Kendhoo
8.10 Kihaadhoo
8.11 Kudarikilu
8.12 Maalhos
8.13 Thulhaadhoo
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Baa Atoll Land Survey Report 11
9 Appendix 2: Beach profiles
9.1 Dharavandhoo
9.2 Dhonfanu
9.3 Eydhafushi
9.4 Fehendhoo
9.5 Fulhadhoo
9.6 Goidhoo
9.7 Hithaadhoo
9.8 Kamadhoo
9.9 Kendhoo
9.10 Kihaadhoo
9.11 Kudarikilu
9.12 Maalhos
9.13 Thulhaadhoo
Prepared by: Water Solutions Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Dharavandhoo Profile 1
2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Elevation (m) -0.5 02468101214 Distance (m)
P3
-0.182
0.060 0.579
1.513
Stage 13
1.535 CP2 2
Weather Mast
Holhuashi Wataniya antenna
5
CP1
1.466 1.332
Football ground
Nika
Nika
Holhuashi 4
Doctor's residence
1.384
Haruge
5
1.475 6 CommunityNursery and Learning Centre (CNLC) Weather
1.379 station (under construction)
10 8
1.539
1.255
16 P1
1.747
1.294
Nika
Nika
1.353
1.538
1.605
P2
1.695
0.476
Profile 2 Profile 3
2.5 2.5 2 2 1.5 1 1.5 0.5 1 0 Elevation (m) 0.5 0246810 0 Elevation (m) Distance (m) 024681012 Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Dhonfanu Profile 1
2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5
Elevation (m) 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Distance (m)
CP2
P4
1.320
0.987
1.146
CP1
1.159
1.154
0.928
0.807
OpenSpace
Open Space 5 0.878
0.850
1.167
4 5
0.904 6
2 P1
10
0.912
16
Profile 4 P2
2.5
2 1.037
SportsField/Football ground 1. 5
1 9
P3 0.5
1.141 0
Elevation (m) 02468101214
Distance (m)
Profile 2 Profile 3 2.5 2.5 2 2 1.5 1.5 1 1 0.5 0.5 0 0 Elevation (m) Elevation (m) 024681012 0 5 10 15 20 25 Distance (m) Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Eydhafushi
Profile 2
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0
Elevation (m) 02 46 8101214
Distance (m)
P2
Kaani
1.188
Dhiraagu Kaani 1.279
Funa
8 Stage Funa Funa
12
1.304
Feyli Jamiyya Volley and bashi court
Dhandiffaru Football ground
Boalhage School land CP1
Classrooms (temperory) 3
1.201
Hospital
5
1.152 Watertanks
5 CP3
4 STO
Multi-purpose Centre(MOE)
Dhanaalu
1.205
1
P1 1.031 2 Wataniya Powerhouse (old) CP2 10 5
1.120 4.1
1 Water tanks 2 1.078
Addana Youthcentre (under construction) Media Centre
1.096
1.055 5
7
1.159
1.152 Profile 1 16
2.5
2 P3 Haruge 1.359 1. 5
1 5
Haruge 0.5
0
Elevation (m) 024681012 1.058
0.574 Haruge Haruge P4 Distance (m) Haruge
Profile 3 Profile 4
2.5 2.5 2 2 1. 5 1. 5 1 1 0.5 0.5
Elevation (m) 0
Elevation (m) 0 0 1234 5678 910 024681012 Distance (m) Distance (m)
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Beach Profiles- Baa. Fehendhoo
Profile 2
2.5
2
1. 5
1 Profile 4 0.5
0
2.5 Elevation (m) 0 12345678910
2 Distance (m) 1. 5
1
0.5
0
Elevation (m) 024681012
Distance (m)
Profile 3
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0 Elevation (m) 0246 810121416
Distance (m)
P4
P2 1.123
8
4.1
5 5 1.503
5
Water tanks
10
24
1.356
21 (Aquarium) 4 Power house P5 (proposed land)
Bashi court 14 Volley court 1.293 P3
P1
1.350
Profile 5
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0 Elevation (m) 0 12345678
Distance (m)
Profile 1
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0
Elevation (m) 024681012
Distance (m) Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Fulhadhoo
Profile 2
2.5
2
Profile 4 1. 5
1
2.5 0.5 2 0
Elevation (m) 1. 5 024681012
1 Distance (m)
0.5
0 0 123456789
Elevation (m) -0.5
Distance (m)
Profile 3
2.5
2
1.5
1
P4 0.5
0
Elevation (m) 0123456789
Distance (m)
4
5
5
0.117 P2
1.500 Dhiraagu
14 1.431 2
1.289 CP2
8
P5 1.183
CP1 10
P1
1.313
P3
Profile 5
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0
Elevation (m) 02468101214 -0.5 Profile 1
Distance (m) 2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0 0 2 4 6 8 101214161820 -0.5Elevation (m) Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Goidhoo Profile 6
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0
Elevation (m) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Profile 1 P1 Distance (m)
2.5
2
Dhiraagu 1. 5
1
0.5 Wataniya W ataniya 0 0 102030405060 6
Elevation (m) Distance (m) giutrlArea Agricultural Area P6 R rooms ented pharmacy 4 tanks water 2 CP hne entrance Channel 14 entrance giutrlArea Agricultural holhuashi Area rpsdae for area proposed oilcentre social giutrlArea Agricultural centre area CP giutrlArea Agricultural for Area Area 13 Stage 5 P5 giutrlArea Agricultural Area Antenna giutrlArea Agricultural 8 Area Panels 5 8 P4 21 Hut Profile 3
3
2.5
2 l Cemetry Old Cemetry
Profile 5 tanks Water 1. 5 5 tanks 1 10 0.5 2.5 0 2 Elevation (m) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 1. 5 Distance (m) 1
0.5
0
Elevation (m) 0 102030405060
Distance (m) P3
Profile 4
3 2.5 2 1. 5 1 0.5 0
Elevation (m) 0 10 2030 4050 6070
Distance (m)
Profile 2 P2
3
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Elevation (m) Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Hithaadhoo
CP2 CP3
CP1 Hiyaa
Leased Land
Profile 2 P4
2.5
2 Wataniya
1. 5 2 Profile 4
1 Old Office 2.5 0.5 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 1012141618 6 1. 5
Elevation (m) Distance (m) 1
0.5
P1 0
1.550 Elevation (m) Water 1.138 0 5 10 15 2 0 2 5 Tanks Distance (m) Store 5
0.912
1.595
1.065
1.036
1.169
1.137
0 .991
1.304 5
Profile 1
2.5
1.315 1.071 Jamiyya 2
1. 5
1 P3 1.404 1.506 0.5
0 1.249
Elevation (m) 0 2 4 6 8 101214161820
Distance (m) 8 1.194 14 P1
Profile 3
4
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0
Elevation (m) 0246 81012 10 Distance (m)
Dhiraagu
13
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Kamadhoo
21
1.362
18 1.188
2 CP3
Profile 2 1.147 CP1
2.5
1.208 2 P2 1.110
1. 5 8
1.379 1 1.192
1.280 0.5 CP2 0 Profile 4 Elevation (m) 02 46 8101214
Distance (m) 1.696
1.300 2.5 14 P3 2 10 1. 5
1.621 1
0.5
1.212 0
Elevation (m) 0 123456
Distance (m) 16
1.398
1.152 5
4
Agriculture 5
1.698
Agriculture
P1
1.547
Wataniya antenna Profile 1
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
Profile 3 0 Elevation (m) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Distance (m) 2.5
2 P3 1. 5
1
0.5
0 Elevation (m) 0 1234 56
Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Kendhoo
Profile 3
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0 CP1 02 46 8101214
-0.5Elevation (m)
1.311 Distance (m)
P3
Leasedarea Ashi
1.039 Ashi
CP2 Storage& leased P2 P1 15
2 1.268
1.448 1.565 Waterstorage area
1.511
5 1.610 5 1.335
1.384
Historicalsite (Maqaam) 1.432
1.748 P4 1.055
1.216 8
10
WataniyaAntenna 1.194
5 1.197
Profile 2 14
1.241
2.5
1.304 4 2
1. 5 6 1
0.5 5
0 1.348 02468101214 -0.5
Elevation (m) Distance (m)
1.469
Youthcentre
P1
1.642
4.1 Goatfarm Volleycourt Bashicourt
Dhiraagu 13 antenna 9
Profile 1
2.5 Profile 4
2
1. 5 2.5
1 2
0.5 1. 5
1 0
Elevation (m) 0 12345678910 0.5 Distance (m) 0
Elevation (m) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Kihaadhoo Profile 1 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 CP1 Elevation (m) 1.357 P1 024681012 Holhuashi
CP2 Distance (m)
Bashi Court 8
1.582 Storage
1.355 1.366
2
1.291 Profile 2
5 0.058 0.531 2.5 0.383
1.273 2 0.512 1.5 1.315
10 0.718 1 0.853 0.5
0.793 0 6 Elevation (m) 0.622 -0.5 024681012
5 Distance (m)
4 1.268
1.272 P2
1.310
Hirundhu
1.365
Nika
Nika
1.732
FootballGround
Profile 4
2.5 P4
2 1.492 1. 5 24
1
0.5 Clearedfor Agriculture 0
Elevation (m) 024681012141618
Distance (m)
24
9
P3 Profile 3
2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Elevation (m) 012345678 Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Profile 1 Beach Profiles- Baa. Kuda Rikilu 2.5 2
1. 5
1
0.5
0
Elevation (m) 0 12345678910
Distance (m)
Profile 2
2.5 2 1.5 P1 1 Rahvehige 0.861 Socialcentre 0.5 0
1.254 Elevation (m)
CP1 8 024681012
1.455 Distance (m)
2
1.336
1.739
5
1.587
1.505
CP3 5
1.432 5
1.115
1.294
Jamiyya
1.036 Hiyaa 1.319
P2 1.609
4 10
5
1.125
CP2
1.573
Football field
1.237
Profile 4
2.5
2 P4 1. 5
0.722 1 Profile 3 0.5 P3
0
Elevation (m) 024681012 2.5 Distance (m) 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Elevation (m) 012345678 Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Beach Profiles- Baa. Maalhos Profile 1 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Elevation (m) -0.5 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
P1 Distance (m)
0.897
4
1.538 Dhiraagu Bashi court Storage
8 (old) 2 8
Nika 1.733 1.778
4.1 14 Profile 2 1.298
Volley court 1.468 2.5 2 1.5 1.360 1 0.5 0 Elevation (m) 024681012 1.085 Jamiyya Distance (m)
0.915
1.426
0.697
5
5 0.848 P2
CP3 Holhuashi
1.522
Hut CP2 0.884
Hut
10
1.496
1.895
Cultural village Tharaagandu (Historical site)
CP1
14 trunk coconut tree
Nika
Profile 3
3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 P3 0.5 0 Elevation (m)
0 5 10 15 20 24
Distance (m) P4
Profile 4
2.5
2
1. 5
1
0.5
0 024681012
Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007 Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project - Baa Atoll Land Survey MEEW
Profile 1
Beach Profiles- Baa. Thulhaadhoo 2.5 2 Sand bank 1. 5
1
Jetty 0.5
0 Elevation (m) 02 46 81012141618
Distance (m)
Leased land 1.647
Leased land Holhuashi
1.481 Open area
P5
1.079 P1
Main jetty
Holhuashi
Women'scommittee CP2 Profile 5 Holhuashi 1.269
2.5 5
2 6 1.5
1.412 1 Jamiyya
0.5 5
0 Open land 02 46 810121416
Elevation (m) 4.1 -0.5
Distance (m) 5 Water tanks
Guesthouse 1.323 Dhiraagu
2
1.501 CP1
10
3
5 1.569P4
Profile 4 1.335 P2 1.284
2.5 4
2 1.299
1. 5
1.471 1
0.5
1.425 0 02 46 8101214 -0.5Elevation (m) 1.442 Distance (m) Profile 2
1.414 2.5 P3 2 Wataniya
Hiyaa 1.439 1.5
0.759 1 Haruge 0.5
0
Elevation (m) Profile 2 02468101214
Distance (m) 9 2.5 8 2
1.5
1
0.5
0
02468101214
Elevation-0.5 (m)
Distance (m)
Prepared by - Water Solutions -2007