Spectroscopic Binary : Β
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Abstracts of Papers and Posters Presented at the 97Th Annual Meeting of the AAVSO, Held in Nantucket, Massachusetts, October 16–19, 2008
Abstracts, JAAVSO Volume 37, 2009 193 Abstracts of Papers and Posters Presented at the 97th Annual Meeting of the AAVSO, Held in Nantucket, Massachusetts, October 16–19, 2008 The International Year of Astronomy and Citizen Science Aaron Price AAVSO, 49 Bay State Road, Cambridge, MA 02138 Abstract 2009 has been endorsed as the International Year of Astronomy by both the United Nations and the United States Congress. This talk will briefly outline the IYA cornerstone projects and then will go into more detail regarding the AAVSO’s role as leading a citizen science project regarding the variable star epsilon Aurigae. Variable Star Astronomy Education Outreach Initiative Donna L. Young The Wright Center for Innovative Science, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155 Abstract The American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) published a comprehensive variable star curriculum, Hands-On Astrophysics, Variable Stars in Science, Math, and Computer Education in 1997. The curriculum, funded by the National Science Foundation, was developed for a comprehensive audience—amateur astronomers, classroom educators, science fair projects, astronomy clubs, family learning, and anyone interested in learning about variable stars. Some of the activities from the Hands-On Astrophysics curriculum have been incorporated into the educational materials for the Chandra X-Ray Observatory’s Educational and Public Outreach (EPO) Office. On two occasions, in 2000 and 2001, triggered by alerts from amateur astronomers, Chandra observed the outburst of the dwarf nova SS Cygni. The cooperation of amateur variable star astronomers and Chandra X-Ray scientists provided proof that the collaboration of amateur and professional astronomers is a powerful tool to study cosmic phenomena. -
Maria Mitchell's Legacy to Vassar College: Then And
Library and Information Services in Astronomy IV July 2-5, 2002, Prague, Czech Republic B. Corbin, E. Bryson, and M. Wolf (eds) Maria Mitchell's Legacy to Vassar College: Then and Now Flora Grabowska Vassar College Libraries, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA fl[email protected] Abstract. Maria Mitchell became Vassar's first Astronomy Professor and Observatory Director in 1865. Her teaching emphasis on students learning by direct observation and analysis is continued today at Vassar College. Several of her students went on to prominence in astronomy, two of them succeeding her at Vassar. Astronomy majors today, both male and female, consistently achieve success after Vassar, in astronomy as well as in other fields. She encouraged her students to present their findings at scientific meetings and in scientific journals, also encouraged today as undergraduates co-author research papers with faculty members. She insisted on excellent facilities and built up the library collection, maintained today to a standard remarkable for a college of just under 2,500 undergraduate students. 1. Great Beginnings Matthew Vassar was keen to have female teachers at Vassar College (Haight 1916). Maria Mitchell had achieved world fame with her 1847 telescopic discov- ery of a comet and was an excellent choice, becoming Vassar's first astronomy professor in 1865. In a eulogy at her funeral in 1889, Vassar College President Taylor concluded, \She has been an impressive figure in our time, and one whose influence lives." (Taylor 1889) Henry Albers, Vassar's fifth Observatory director (the first male!), referring to our fine facilities today, wrote, \In keeping with the legacy of Maria Mitchell, these facilities enable today's students to learn and apply the most modern astronomical techniques." (Albers 2001, 329) This presentation aims to confirm that the legacy has been self-perpetuating and lives on. -
121012-AAS-221 Program-14-ALL, Page 253 @ Preflight
221ST MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 6-10 January 2013 LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA Scientific sessions will be held at the: Long Beach Convention Center 300 E. Ocean Blvd. COUNCIL.......................... 2 Long Beach, CA 90802 AAS Paper Sorters EXHIBITORS..................... 4 Aubra Anthony ATTENDEE Alan Boss SERVICES.......................... 9 Blaise Canzian Joanna Corby SCHEDULE.....................12 Rupert Croft Shantanu Desai SATURDAY.....................28 Rick Fienberg Bernhard Fleck SUNDAY..........................30 Erika Grundstrom Nimish P. Hathi MONDAY........................37 Ann Hornschemeier Suzanne H. Jacoby TUESDAY........................98 Bethany Johns Sebastien Lepine WEDNESDAY.............. 158 Katharina Lodders Kevin Marvel THURSDAY.................. 213 Karen Masters Bryan Miller AUTHOR INDEX ........ 245 Nancy Morrison Judit Ries Michael Rutkowski Allyn Smith Joe Tenn Session Numbering Key 100’s Monday 200’s Tuesday 300’s Wednesday 400’s Thursday Sessions are numbered in the Program Book by day and time. Changes after 27 November 2012 are included only in the online program materials. 1 AAS Officers & Councilors Officers Councilors President (2012-2014) (2009-2012) David J. Helfand Quest Univ. Canada Edward F. Guinan Villanova Univ. [email protected] [email protected] PAST President (2012-2013) Patricia Knezek NOAO/WIYN Observatory Debra Elmegreen Vassar College [email protected] [email protected] Robert Mathieu Univ. of Wisconsin Vice President (2009-2015) [email protected] Paula Szkody University of Washington [email protected] (2011-2014) Bruce Balick Univ. of Washington Vice-President (2010-2013) [email protected] Nicholas B. Suntzeff Texas A&M Univ. suntzeff@aas.org Eileen D. Friel Boston Univ. [email protected] Vice President (2011-2014) Edward B. Churchwell Univ. of Wisconsin Angela Speck Univ. of Missouri [email protected] [email protected] Treasurer (2011-2014) (2012-2015) Hervey (Peter) Stockman STScI Nancy S. -
Temperature-Programmed Reduction/Oxidation/Desorption (TPR/TPO/TPD)
CATALYTIC CO2 HYDROGENATION TO CO AND METHANOL by Chen-Yu Chou A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the University of Delaware in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Chemical Engineering Spring 2019 © 2019 Chen-Yu Chou All Rights Reserved CATALYTIC CO2 HYDROGENATION TO CO AND METHANOL by Chen-Yu Chou Approved: __________________________________________________________ Eric M. Furst, Ph.D. Chair of the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Approved: __________________________________________________________ Levi T. Thompson, Ph.D. Dean of the College of Engineering Approved: __________________________________________________________ Douglas J. Doren, Ph.D. Interim Vice Provost for Graduate and Professional Education I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Raul F. Lobo, Ph.D. Professor in charge of dissertation I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Douglas J. Buttrey, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Signed: __________________________________________________________ Terry G. Dubois, Ph.D. Member of dissertation committee I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it meets the academic and professional standard required by the University as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. -
Antonia Maury, Clasificadora De Estrellas (1866-1952, Estados Unidos)
Antonia Maury, clasificadora de estrellas (1866-1952, Estados Unidos) Antonia Maury fue una astrónoma importante de finales del siglo XIX. Fue una de las primeras mujeres en publicar un trabajo sobre estrellas con su propio nombre. Sus estudios sirvieron para crear el diagrama HR, el diagrama más importante de la astrofísica estelar. Nació en 1866 en Cold Spring, Nueva York, dentro de una familia acomodada de origen portugués. Su abuelo y su tío materno eran dos astrónomos muy reputados: John William Draper y Henry Draper. Así, Maury y sus hermanos crecieron muy familiarizados con la ciencia desde pequeños. Antonia aspiró a ser astrónoma, y se graduó del Vassar College con una matrícula de honor en astronomía, física y filosofía en 1887. Su mentora fue otra astrónoma importante de la época: Maria Mitchell. En 1887 comenzó a trabajar en el Observatorio de Harvard, y entró a formar parte del grupo de mujeres computadoras de Harvard, un grupo de astrónomas encargadas de la clasificación de las estrellas bajo la dirección de Edward Pickering. Allí se encontró con otros astrónomas importantes de la época: Henrietta Swan Leavitt, Annie Jump Cannon y Williamina Fleming. Maury comenzó determinando el periodo orbital de varias estrellas binarias que giran la una alrededor de la otra, y luego se puso a clasificar estrellas según su espectro. Ahora bien, muy pronto comenzó a tener discrepancias con Pickering, tanto por el sistema de trabajo como el de clasificación estelar. Debido a estas discrepancias con el director, en 1896 dejó el observatorio y fue a trabajar a la escuela Miss Masson de Nueva York dando clases de astronomía y también se encargó de la gestión del Draper Park Museum. -
Women in Astronomy: an Introductory Resource Guide
Women in Astronomy: An Introductory Resource Guide by Andrew Fraknoi (Fromm Institute, University of San Francisco) [April 2019] © copyright 2019 by Andrew Fraknoi. All rights reserved. For permission to use, or to suggest additional materials, please contact the author at e-mail: fraknoi {at} fhda {dot} edu This guide to non-technical English-language materials is not meant to be a comprehensive or scholarly introduction to the complex topic of the role of women in astronomy. It is simply a resource for educators and students who wish to begin exploring the challenges and triumphs of women of the past and present. It’s also an opportunity to get to know the lives and work of some of the key women who have overcome prejudice and exclusion to make significant contributions to our field. We only include a representative selection of living women astronomers about whom non-technical material at the level of beginning astronomy students is easily available. Lack of inclusion in this introductory list is not meant to suggest any less importance. We also don’t include Wikipedia articles, although those are sometimes a good place for students to begin. Suggestions for additional non-technical listings are most welcome. Vera Rubin Annie Cannon & Henrietta Leavitt Maria Mitchell Cecilia Payne ______________________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents: 1. Written Resources on the History of Women in Astronomy 2. Written Resources on Issues Women Face 3. Web Resources on the History of Women in Astronomy 4. Web Resources on Issues Women Face 5. Material on Some Specific Women Astronomers of the Past: Annie Cannon Margaret Huggins Nancy Roman Agnes Clerke Henrietta Leavitt Vera Rubin Williamina Fleming Antonia Maury Charlotte Moore Sitterly Caroline Herschel Maria Mitchell Mary Somerville Dorrit Hoffleit Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin Beatrice Tinsley Helen Sawyer Hogg Dorothea Klumpke Roberts 6. -
Spectroscopy: History 1885-1927
SPECTROSCOPY: HISTORY 1885-1927 Harvard Observatory director Edward Charles Pickering hired over 80 women as technicians to perform scientific and mathematical calculations by hand. They became known as the “Harvard Computers”. This was more than 40 years before women gained the right to vote. They received global recognition for their contributions that changed the science of astronomy. Due to their accomplishments, they paved the way for other women to work in scientific and engineering careers. WHAT DID THEY DO: They studied glass photographic plates of stellar spectra created by using a spectroscope. Using a simple magnifying glass, they compared Credit: Secrets of the Universe: Space Pioneer, card 48 positions of stars between plates, calculating the temperature and motion of the stars. WHO WERE THEY: They measured the relative brightness of stars and analyzed spectra Some had college degrees, others received on-the job-training. to determine the properties of celestial objects. A few were permitted to receive graduate degrees for their accomplishments. These plates were gathered from observatories in Peru, South Africa, New Zealand, Chile and throughout the USA They worked for 25 cents an hour, six days a week in a small cramped library. Many of these women received numerous awards and honors for Harvard University Plates Stacks Digitization Project their contributions. Noteable among them were: Harvard College Observatory’s Plate Collection (also known as the Plate Stacks) is the world’s largest archive of stellar glass plate negatives. Taken between the mid 1880s and 1989 (with a gap 1953-68) the WILLIAMINA FLEMING (1857-1911) - developed the Pickering- collection grew to 500,000 and is currently being digitized. -
53-2 Spring 2016
The Valley Skywatcher Official Publication of the Chagrin Valley Astronomical Society PO Box 11, Chagrin Falls, OH 44022 www.chagrinvalleyastronomy.org Founded 1963 Contents Officers For 2016 Articles President Marty Mullet A Possible New Meteor Shower Observed Vice President Ian Cooper Near Beta Aurigae on March 9, 2016 2 Regular Features Treasurer Steve Fishman Observer’s Log 4 Secretary Christina Gibbons President’s Corner 6 Director of Observations Steve Kainec Constellation Quiz 6 Observatory Director Robb Adams Notes and News 9 Historian Dan Rothstein Reflections 10 Editor Ron Baker The Omega/Swan Nebula (M17) recorded by CVAS Member Sam Bennici. See page 10 for more information. The Valley Skywatcher • Spring 2016 • Volume 53-2 • Page 1 A Possible New Meteor Shower Observed Near Beta Aurigae on March 9, 2016 By George Gliba and Peter Gural CVAS longtime visual meteor observer George Gliba and video meteor researcher Peter Gural, observed slow mete- ors coming from the region of Beta Aurigae on the same night of March 9, 2016. George was out meteor observing visually after midnight from his dark sky site in Mathias, West Virginia, and Pete was fast asleep running an auto- mated video meteor detection system comprised of four moderate field-of-view cameras in Sterling, Virginia. Initially George reported his observation on the Internet list known as meteorobs, which is supported by members of the North American Meteor Network (NAMN). He saw a total of six meteors of medium or slow speed coming from an apparent radiant near the star Beta Aurigae. This occurred between 4:14 and 5:23 UT. -
Measure by Measure They Touched the Heaven
2019 IMEKO TC-4 International Conference on Metrology for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Florence, Italy, December 4-6, 2019 Measure by Measure they touched the heaven Luisa Spairani – Gruppo Astrofili Eporediesi – C.so Vercelli 444 10015 Ivrea – [email protected] Abstract – The measure of distances is a recurring theme in astrophysics. The interpretation of the light Distances in astrophysics are notoriously difficult to coming from a luminous object in the sky can be very calculate. It is possible to use geometric methods to different depending on the distance of the object. Two determine the objects that are in the proximity of the solar stars or galaxies may have a different real brightness, system, we say within a distance of about 150 light-years although they may look similar. The correct measures from us. Beyond it is impossible to use any simple came by women computers a century ago. Special method to calculate distances. And this was the situation mention to Williamina Fleming who supervised an in astronomical research at the beginning of the last observatory for 30 years working on the first system to century. Many new objects had been discovered, but classify stars by spectrum. Antonia Maury helped locate without knowing their distances, it was impossible to put the first double star and developed her classification them in any stellar systems model. At that time, before system. Henrietta Leavitt found a law to determine 1900, it was not known that we live in a galaxy called the stellar distances. The most famous of the Harvard Milky Way, and there are other galaxies. -
Women in Astronomy at Harvard College Observatory
Discussion Question Answers Strategies and Compromises: Women in Astronomy at Harvard College Observatory 1. What were the differences between the roles of the four women mentioned in the article? - Williamina Fleming started out simply copying and computing, but worked her way up to supervising the other women and classifying solar spectra. - Antonia Maury also classified stellar spectra, but she did so with an advanced system of her own design. The director of the observatory, Pickering, did not like her system and so she left the observatory. - Annie Jump Cannon continued the spectra work of Maury, but used the standard system. She worked for 45 years doing classification work extremely quickly and consistently. - Henrietta Leavitt studied variable stars at first, identifying thousands of new ones. She also did the research assigned to her, which related to determining how stars appeared using different photographic techniques. 2. What are the differences between their attitudes towards the roles they were assigned? - Fleming accepted any work that was asked of her, but expanded the role of women’s work by her competence in accomplishing the tasks. She was privately bitter about the low pay and status of her work. - Maury thought that her intellectual contributions were worthy of credit and regard. She insisted on being recognized in the Observatory’s publications, and she fought for her system, which was based on star’s “natural relations” to be used. However, she did not succeed in getting the system used and so left the observatory. - Cannon did not mind the role she was assigned. She did it so quickly and well she eventually gained recognition and an honorary doctorate for he accomplishments. -
Knowledge Gain in the Age of Hpc and Big Data
KNOWLEDGE GAIN IN THE AGE OF HPC AND BIG DATA SUSANNEPFALZNER SECOND BIG DATA CHALLENGE Efficiency around 1% • Extremely high efficiency most of the photons lost! at redder wavebands -- almost 100%! • Limiting magnitudes increased by four to five magnitudes! Output is digital 2 DATAWORKFLOWS Combining different wavelength Final image Data e.g. Machine reduction Combining learning single Original telescopes Astrophysical data Object 3 DATA FLOOD Second data release of Gaia 0.9 billion individual CCD observations per day •celestial positions 1.3 billion sources •stellar effective temperature, extinction, reddening, and radius and luminosity for 161 million sources Each of these needs multiple data processing AIM: high-value knowledge out of data is 4 OBSERVER Photographer Data Scientist Theoretician ? 5 ASTROPHYSICAL SIMULATIONS Observations provide only snapshots at a certain moment in time Theory (simulation) must create time sequence Several theories – Which is the right one? Predictions from theory tested by observations 6 ASTROPHYSICAL SIMULATIONS Challenges • steep spatial gradients, complex geometries, etc. (1 AU – 20 000 000 AU) But also, • often very different time scales years – several million years (Myr) • No direct comparison with experiment 7 SIM AND DATA LAB ASTRO OBSERVATIONS VS. SIMULATIONS Comparison between TWO SIMULATIONS observational data theoretical models „It looks the same“, is not enough! 9 FIRST BIG DATA CHALLENGE Photographic plates Direct image First objective, permanent record of astronomical phenomena 10 FIRST COMPUTERS ...the amount of astronomical data was surpassing the capacity of the Observatories to process it Pickering and his Computers standing in front of Building C at the Harvard College Observatory, 13 May 1913 11 BEYOND PROCESSING DATA .. -
Eclipsing Binaries Observed with the WIRE Satellite
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. betaAur c ESO 2007 April 13, 2007 Eclipsing binaries observed with the WIRE satellite. II. β Aurigae and non-linear limb darkening in light curves ? John Southworth1, H. Bruntt2, and D. L. Buzasi3 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL e-mail: [email protected] School of Physics A28, University of Sydney, 2006 NSW, Australia e-mail: [email protected] US Air Force Academy, Department of Physics, CO, USA e-mail: [email protected] Received ???? / Accepted ???? ABSTRACT Aims. We present the most precise light curve ever obtained of a detached eclipsing binary star and use it investigate the inclusion of non-linear limb darkening laws in light curve models of eclipsing binaries. This light curve, of the bright eclipsing system β Aurigae, was obtained using the star tracker aboard the wire satellite and contains 30 000 datapoints with a point-to-point scatter of 0.3 mmag. Methods. We analyse the wire light curve using a version of the ebop code modified to include non-linear limb darkening laws and to directly incorporate observed times of minimum light and spectroscopic light ratios into the photometric solution as individual observations. We also analyse the dataset with the Wilson-Devinney code to ensure that the two models give consistent results. Results. ebop is able to provide an excellent fit to the high-precision wire data. Whilst the fractional radii of the stars are only defined to a precision of 5% by this light curve, including an accurate published spectroscopic light ratio improves this dramatically to 0.5%.