Legal Definition of Ronspir Acy' Given

Home , Roy Kellerman

Legal Definition of ronspir By BERT HYDE The Louisiana statute under which Shaw is charged What is a conspiracy? makes it a violation on the part of each of the conspira- Clay L. Shaw, 55-year-old retired businessman, is on tors if any member of the conspiracy commits any act trial here on charges of conspiring to kill President John in furtherance of the plan—even if no member actually F. Kennedy. In order to obtain a conviction, the state will have takes an active part in the crime itself. to prove he participated in a combination of one or more persons (the number is unlimited) to commit a crime— SHOULD THE CRIME OCCUR, a party to the con- in this case, the murder of the president. spiracy can be charged with the commission of the crime or with conspiracy. KENNEDY WAS SHOT TO DEATH IN Dallas - Nov. Should the conspiracy occur in Louisiana and the crime 22, 1963. District Attorney Jim Garrison charges Shaw con- in another state (as is alleged in the Shaw matter), a .: spired with Lee Harvey Oswald and others here in Sep- conspirator could be charged with the crime in another tember, 15163, to commit the crime. state and still charged in Louisiana with conspiracy. According to the Warren Commission, which investi- A conspiracy can be terminated at any time prior to ' gated the s axing. Oswald acted alone in killing the presi- commission of the crime by any member of the conspir- dent. The commission reported it could find no credible acy, provided he conveys to every one of the other con- evidence of a conspiracy. spirators that he wants to get out. It cannot be broken

* * * * * * * * * * * *

acy' Given merely by dropping out unilaterally or by not showing up for the commission of the crime.

TO BE CONVICTED OF CONSPIRACY does not pre- Wednesday, January 22, 1969 * * TWENTY-ONE vent the conspirator from being prosecuted for the crime itself, in Louisiana or out of state. Whether a first offender or not, a convicted man under a 20-year sentence would automatically come up • for Louisiana law requires a 12-man jury in such cases. pardon or parole after serving a third of his sentence, or At least nine members of the jury must vote guilty to obtain a conviction. 80 months. He can be freed on parole, but the governor has the final say or pardon and restoration of citizenship. By the same token, at least nine members must vote not guilty for an acquittal to result. If nine jury members THE PARDON BOARD IS MADE UP OF the lieuten- cannot agree one way or another, a mistrial will result. ant governor, the attorney general and the presiding judge The state then has the option of setting the case for trial at the trial. again, or dropping the charges. While in prison, the convict may appear before the pardon board at any of its quarterly meetings seeking a THE PENALTY FOR CONSPIRACY is one to 20 years commutation of sentence or shortening of term merely by at hard labor in the state penitentiary. filing an application. No matter what the sentence, it is possible under Should the board recommend commutation and the Louisiana law for a first offender to apply for parole im- governor concur, the prisoner can be pardoned or paroled mediately after he is impriwned- at any time after serving a:third of his sentence. SHAW CASE Here Are Names to Remember A lot of names, many familiar, s-,me net so familiar, will be in the news as the trial of Clay L. Shaw continues. Hundreds of names have come up since District Attorney Jim Garrison's probe of the assassination of President John 'F. Kennedy was made public in February, 1967. • Here is a list of names of persons who will probably come up in the Shaw trial: James L. Alcock, chief prose- cutor for the trial. His correct title is assistant district attorney. Capt. Roy Allemand, Harbor Police, state witness. Dean A. Andrews Jr., New Orleans attorney. He told the Warren Commission a mysterious Clay Bertrand called him after the assassination and asked him to defend Lee Har- vey Oswald. ,;• - Sergio Arcadia Smith, a Cu- ban exile leader. • Bernard J. Bagert, senior —Stales-Item photo. fudge of Criminal Disaict CLAY L. SHAW, arrow, is escorted by his attorneys court. as he arrives at the Parish Prison entrance to the W. Guy Banister, deceased, Clminal Courts Bldg. yesterday for the start of private investigator. his trial on charges of conspiring to kill Presideat Alvin Beauboeuf, friend of John F. Kennedy. David Ferrie who accompanied him to Texas the day after the assassination. Mario Bermudez, an associate of Shaw. eral of the United States. Clay Bertrand, the mysterious Melvin Coffey, a friend of figure who Dean Andrews says -i. David Ferrie who went to Hous- asked him to defend Cswnli ton with him the day after the Garrison says Shaw is Ber- assassination. trand. J. B. Dauenhauer III. a Shaw Clem Bertrand, the name by associate. which Perry Raymond Russo Charles Davis, 6609 Glendale, says he was introduced to Metairie, a state witness. Shaw. Eugene C. Davis, a French Tom Bethel!, a Garrison in- Quarter bar owner who Andrews vestigator. said at one point was Clay Ber- Edgar Eugene Bradley, like trand. Shaw charged with conspiring to Ricardo Davis, an anti-Castro kill Kennedy. Cuban. Carlos Bringuier, New Or- F. Irvin Dymond, chief coun- leans Cuban exile leader. sel for Shaw. - Vernon B. Bundy, a state wit- Hugh B. Exnicios, attorney for ness. Alvin Beauboeuf, defense wit- John "the Baptist" Cancler, ness. a convicted lint• Dr. Esmond A. Fatter, a state David L. Chandler, Life witness. Magazine reporter. David William Ferrie, de- Ramsey Clark, attorney gen- ceased. Russo has testified he heard Shaw, Oswald and Ferrie plot the assassination here in September, 1963. Robert A. Frazier, Hillcrest ca, travel consultant for Shaw, Heights, Md., an FBI firearms state witness. expert. State witness. Louis Ivon, Garrison investigator. Jim Garrison, Orleans Parish Lt. Roy Jacob of the Jefferson District Attorney. Parish Sheriff's office, defense Mr. and Mrs. Jesse J. Garner, witness. .4911 Magazine, rented apartment Roy Kellerman, Bethesda, Md , to Oswald. Defense witnesses. Secaet Service agent, slate wit• Capt. Clarence Giarrusso, head of police narcotics division, ness. defense witness. Jim Kemp, WVUE newsman, Manuel Garcia Gonzales, a defense witness. mysterious Cuban sought by John F. Kennedy, President garrison. of the United States, shot to Max Gonzales, a court clerk death in Dallas Nov. 22, 1963. I Regis L. Kennedy, FBI agent, hnd Garrison associate. Leonard Gurvich, former Gar- state witness. rison aide, private detective. Connie T. Kaye, French Quar- William H. Gurvich, private ter singer, state witness. investigator, former Garrison Aaron Kohn,' Garrison foe and investigator. managing director of the IVIetro- Louis S. Gurvich, brother of potitian Crime Commission. Wiliam and Leonard, president Fred Leetnans, bathhouse and 'of New Orleans Private Patrol bar operator. James Lewailea, associate of Service Inc., a private detective hgency. Dave Ferric. David F. Lewis, former pri- Aloysius J. Habighorst, New vate investigator, state • Orleans policeman. Edward A. Haggerty Jr., ness. judge of Criminal District Court. Lynn Loisel, Garrison a'de. John Manchester, town mar- Frank Hayward, policeman `and state witness. shal of Clinton, La., a state wit- Matt Herron, 1212 Pine, de- st ness. Tense witness. Dante Marachini, connection Louis A. Heyd Jr., Criminal a to case unknown, once testified before grand jury. - sheriff of Orleans Parish. a Ray R. Hiatt, 1411 Marigny, Capt. Francis Martello, New laborer, state witness. Orleans policeman, questioned Lewis E. Hopkins, 7116 Itha- f Oswald after arrest here. Layton Martens, Ferric associate, indicted for perjury. Jack S. Martin, private investigator. Gordon Novel, fugitive witness, former N. 0. bar owner. Alvin V. Oser, assistant DA. Lee Harvey Oswald. The War- ren Commission said he acted alone in killing JFK. Manna Oswald, Lee's widow. Salvatore Panzeca, Shaw at- conspiring to kill Kennedy. torney. Peter Schuster, state witness, Pin. Girod Ray, Harbor Po- coroner's aide. lice, arrested Oswald on river- Charles H. Steele Jr., state front giving out leaflets. witness, says Oswald hired him Sgt,..Warren Roberts Jr., New to hand out leaflets. Orleans policeman, state wit- Kerry Wendell Thornley, Os- ness. wald Marine Corps buddy, John F. Reilly, New Orleans charged with perjury. policeman, state witness. Charles R. Ward, first as- Perry Raymond Russo, state sistant DA. witness, testified earlier he Edward F. Wegmaun, Shaw heard Shaw, Ferrie and Oswald counsel. plotting the assassination here William Wegmann, Shaw in September, 1963. counsel. Andrew J. Sciambra, assistant DA. latiiaal L. Shaneyfelt,' Alexan- dria, Va., FBI photography expert, state witness. Clay L. Shaw, charged with