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The Book of the Old Edinburgh Club REYNOI HISTORICAL GENEALOGY v-OLLECTION THE BOOK OF THE OLD EDINBURGH CLUB FOR THE YEAR 191 I Issued to Members July 1912 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/bookofoldedinbur4191olde GEORGE DRUMMOND, LORD PROVOST OF EDINBURGH, the by in After Portrait J. Alexander (1752) the Royal Infirmary», Edinburgh THE BOOK OF THE OLD EDINBURGH CLUB FOURTH VOLUME EDINBURGH PRINTED BY T. AND A. CONSTABLE FOR THE MEMBERS OF THE CLUB : 1766858 CONTENTS PAGE GEORGE DRUMMOND: AN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY LORD PROVOST By William Baird 1 With a portrait. THE SCULPTURED STONES OF EDINBURGH iv. Wrychtis-housis By John Geddie 55 With illustrations. THE OLD TOLBOOTH: WITH EXTRACTS FROM THE ORIGINAL RECORDS By John A. Fairley 75 With illustrations. AN OLD EDINBURGH MONUMENT NOW IN PERTHSHIRE By Thomas Ross, LL.D. 145 With illustrations. THE SOCIETY OF FRIENDLY CONTRIBUTORS OF RESTALRIG By Rev. W. Burnett 153 With an illustration. RECENT EXCAVATIONS AND RESEARCHES AT HOLYROOD By W. T. Oldrieve 191 With plans. INDEX 195 APPENDIX- FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT, LIST OF MEMBERS, ETC. PLATES GEORGE DRUMMOND, LORD PROVOST, after J. Alexander, 1752 ....... Frontispiece From the Portrait in the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh. AT PAGE THE OLD TOLBOOTH, EDINBURGH, after D. Somerville, 1817 . 75 View from the South. THE OLD TOLBOOTH, EDINBURGH, after D. Somerville, 1817 . 77 View from the West. JEAN LIVINGSTON ON THE SCAFFOLD . .104 After an Original Drawing by Charles KirJcpatrick Sharpe. FACSIMILE of a Page of the Minutes of the Restalrig Friendly Society . .164 HOLYROOD ABBEY: Plan showing existing Building, with foundations of choir, etc., as exposed, 1911, by W. T. Oldrieve, F.R.I.B.A. 192 HOLYROOD ABBEY: Sections showing existing Building, with foundations of choir, etc., as exposed, 1911, by W. T. Oldrieve, F.R.I.B.A. 193 b ILLUSTKATIONS IN THE TEXT PAGE Napier Monument, St. Giles' Church . .59 Pediments at Gillespie's School . .61 Heraldic Panel at Gillespie's School . .62 Sundial from Wrychtis-housis at Woodhouselee . .63 Pediment from Wrychtis-housis at Woodhouselee . .64 Heraldic Pediment from Wrychtis-housis at Woodhouselee . 65 Heraldic Pediment from Wrychtis-housis at Woodhouselee . 66 Heraldic Pediment from Wrychtis-housis at Woodhouselee . 67 Heraldic Pediment at St. Margaret's, N. Queensferry . .68 Heraldic Pediment at St. Margaret's, N. Queensferry . .69 Heraldic Panel at Woodhouselee . .70 Heraldic Panel at Woodhouselee . .71 Panel at Comiston Lodge . .71 Heraldic Pediment at Dairy Cemetery . .72 Monument to Bartholomew Somervell, now at Craighall . .147 An Inscribed Stone from Edinburgh, now at Craighall . .151 V GEORGE DRUMMOND : AN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY LORD PROVOST OUR interest in Old Edinburgh cannot be limited to a survey of its closes, streets, walls, and public build- ings ; for while these speak eloquently of the ancient social, religious, and civil character of its people, it is well we should know something of the men who, in their day, moulded the city's fortunes, and were responsible for the changes that have taken place in its outward appearance. There is, perhaps, no one of all these who has more dis- tinguished himself, whose efforts on its behalf have been so conspicuous, and whose memory is more deserving of per- manent record, than George Drummond, six times Lord Provost of Edinburgh. Extending over a period of eighty years, his life during the greater part of that time is linked in the closest manner with the civil history of the town, and identified in a remark- able manner with some of the most stirring epochs of its romantic past and its modern development. As a pioneer in the remarkable extension of the city's bounds in the middle of the eighteenth century, his influence predominated. He was the leading spirit in much that was done to raise it from being a squalid, unhealthy, and alto- gether old-world place to the rank and standing of a modern city. Endowed with ability of no ordinary kind, persuasive eloquence, and a statesmanlike power to control, he at an early age took a prominent place not only in the guidance of the city's affairs, but in the wider field of national politics. That he should have been elected no less than six times A 2 GEORGE DRUMMOND to be Lord Provost of Edinburgh is evidence enough that, in the opinion of his contemporaries, he was a man well qualified to be a leader of men. George Drummond, born on 27th June 1687, in Newton ( as tie, near Blairgowrie, was descended from an old and illus- trious Scottish family, whose history is traced back to 1068, in which year the traditional founder—a Hungarian noble- man—came to Scotland with Edgar Atheling, to avoid the hostility of William the Conqueror. Though the family story reveals many vicissitudes, its various branches have risen to distinction in Midlothian and Perthshire. In the time of James n., Walter Drummond of Cargill and Stobhall, the thirteenth chief of the house of Drummond, was knighted by that monarch. He succeeded to the estates in 1428, and died, or more probably was killed, in 1445. His grandson, George Drummond, purchased the lands of Newton of Blair about 1550, but it is a sad evidence of the disturbed state of the country and the local feuds then exist- ing, that he and his son William, as they were ' playand at the rowbowlis in the hie marcate gait,' near the Kirk of ' Blair, were on the 3rd June 1554 attacked and ' slaughtered by a party of armed men led by the neighbouring laird of Drumlochy. In 1634 Charles I. granted to his descendant, George Drummond of Blair, a charter in which, among other privi- leges, he erected Blairgowrie into a Burgh of Barony. (See History of Blairgowrie, Macdonald.) George Drummond's more immediate ancestors were James Drummond, youngest son of < leorge, the first laird of Newton of Blair, who purchased the lands of Forden and Boghall. He left three sons and two daughters:—!. James, 2. Robert, 3. Daniel. Robert, the leoond son, had four sons : — 1. James, 2. John, 3. Gavin, and 4. George. John, the second son, was the father of George Drummond, he being his eldest son. John is frequently referred to as the Laird of Newton of AN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY LORD PROVOST 3 ' Blair, and sometimes as a Factor ' in Edinburgh, from which it may be gathered that his lairdship not being a wealthy one, he found it necessary to carry on a business in the capital. His son George appears to have been brought up at old Newton Castle till about the fourteenth year of his age, when he was sent to Edinburgh to complete his education. At an early age he appears to have shown a remarkable aptitude in arithmetic and mathematics, and his talent in this respect was the means of bringing him into prominence when only eighteen years old, when he was entrusted with an important series of calculations for the Committee of the Scottish Parliament, bearing upon the rating and valuation of the country, during the negotiations with England for the union of the two kingdoms. The examination of the national finances was a work of great responsibility, and was carried through with much ability. Sir John Clerk of Penicuik, a leading Whig, and one of the Commissioners appointed to arrange the terms of Union, mentions in his Memoirs, under date 1704, that he framed two Reports to the —Scottish Parlia- ment, and that in the drawing up of these ' One George Drummond was my amanuensis. He was then about eighteen years of age, and wrote a good hand.' So well and carefully was this work executed, that in recognition of his ability, on the passing of the Act of Union, Drummond, on 16th July 1707, received the important appointment of Accountant-General of Excise, a new branch of revenue. In consequence of the introduction of the English system, and the unpopularity of the Union, much tact and skill were required in the management, but in working it out Drummond proved himself quite equal to the situation. The Excise Office in Edinburgh at the time was situated close to the Nether Bow Port, on the north side of the High Street. From the time of George Drummond's birth till his entry 4 GEORGE DRUMMOND upon public life was a period eventful in Scottish history. The repressive measures of Charles n. in his efforts to restore Episcopacy, with the resulting risings of Drumclog, Bothwell Bridge, the Pentlands, and the Sanquhar Declaration, and the relentless persecution which followed—sometimes called the ' killing times' —had at last culminated in the Revolution, the overthrow of James n., and the advent of William and Mary. Drummond as a boy had doubtless heard sufficient of the severity with which the Covenanters had been treated for a quarter of a century, and the struggle for freedom which successfully resulted in the Revolution of 1688, to cause him to form a strong antipathy to the Stuarts. As a matter of fact, he became a warm adherent of the Protestant cause, and throughout his after life was known as a staunch Whig in politics and a man of deep religious convictions. In 1736 he mentions in his Diary, 6 It is 32 years since the Lord engaged me in his Service.' While the Revolution doubtless yielded the blessings of freedom and settled laws, there were other grievances, chiefly of a commercial nature, which kept alive a strong popular antipathy against England and English rule. During the first years of Queen Anne's reign the ill-feeling between the two nations rose to a perfect fury, which the proposal for an incorporating union in 1706 did nothing to allay, but rather aggravated.
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