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THEIR PERCEPTIONS of WORK Iva Ventzislavova

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THEIR PERCEPTIONS of WORK Iva Ventzislavova ABSTRACT THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF BULGARIAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE CHICAGOLAND AREA: THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF WORK Iva Ventzislavova Angelova, Ed.D. Department of Counseling, Adult, and Higher Education Northern Illinois University, 2016 Barbara Schwartz-Bechet, Director The purpose of this study was to explore Bulgarian immigrants’ narratives with respect to their perceptions of immigrant work challenges; learning at work; work or occupational preferences; immigrant careers, including job transitions and professional development; strategies with respect to work; support at work; satisfaction gained from work; and life in the U.S. By examining these areas, this study can improve the learning experiences of immigrants and enhance educators’ and professionals’ understanding of immigrants as learners. The general research design of this study was qualitative. I used narrative as a method for collecting the Bulgarian immigrants’ personal experience stories. I identified four themes and multiple sub-themes that organically rose from the participants’ responses to the semi-structured interview questions. The four major themes—English language, education, work, and life in America—emerged as a result of interviewing the 21 Bulgarian immigrants in this study. This study found that upon coming to the United States, the Bulgarian immigrants experienced a different language and culture in their host country. In addition, the initial lack of recognition of their credentials forced many of them to take low-skilled jobs. However, they successfully adapted over time by improving their host language skills, continuing their education, and learning and fulfilling requirements in the local labor market so they could eventually obtain the more high-skilled jobs they desired. These Bulgarian immigrants took different career paths toward achieving their goals and aspirations. However, being highly motivated, hard-working, and persistent individuals, they not only persevered and survived, but they also said they felt successful doing their jobs in their new environment. NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY DEKALB, ILLINOIS MAY 2016 THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF BULGARIAN IMMIGRANTS IN THE CHICAGOLAND AREA: THEIR PERCEPTIONS OF WORK BY IVA VENTZISLAVOVA ANGELOVA ©2016 Iva Ventzislavova Angelova A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE DOCTOR OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF COUNSELING, ADULT AND HIGHER EDUCATION Doctoral Director: Barbara Schwartz-Bechet ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank most deeply and sincerely my dissertation director, Dr. Barbara Schwartz-Bechet, who approached me and took me as her doctoral student in a moment when I was in need of a chair. You always told me how interesting my project was, which gave me strength to continue. I will always be grateful to you for your support and guidance, refining of my work, and leading this project to a success! I also want to thank Dr. LaVerne Gyant for being a committee member. You never let me leave your office with empty hands. You photocopied and checked authors in the back of the books from your personal library collection for me to look at and gave me plentiful resources to explore. You helped me shape my dissertation proposal, including the literature review, to be detailed, comprehensive, and wide in scope, as well as helped identify a suitable methodology to investigate my research questions. You always told me to keep writing and stay encouraged, and at the end you told me how proud you were of me! Last but not least from the committee, I want to express my gratitude to Dr. Ladislava Khailova for serving on my committee. I met you during the crucial time of writing my dissertation proposal and you have always been there for me. You are a wonderful and caring person, and it was a joy to discuss various aspects of my work with you. When I needed it, you always took time from your busy schedule to sit down with me and share ideas, resources, and wisdom. You brought additional perspectives to my project, which enriched my work. Thank you so much for being there for me! iii I want to thank the participants in this study. Without you, there would have been no project. You generously shared with me your immigrant experiences. Your powerful stories touched me. I will always remember your high spirits and your narratives about finding your place in the new land. Thank you forever! I would like to thank Dr. Ximena D. Burgin for reviewing and providing feedback on my draft report. I would like to thank Dr. Vesselin Mintchev from the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, who sent me his publications on contemporary Bulgarian migration. I want to thank the Department of Special and Early Education (SEED) at NIU who hired me as their graduate research assistant during the two-and-a half years I was writing my dissertation. It was a valuable experience for me to assist the SEED faculty and staff with their projects. I enjoyed working with Dr. Gregory Conderman, Dr. Laura Hedin, Dr. Myoungwhon Jung, Dr. Toni Van Laarhoven, Dr. Sarah Johnston-Rodriquez, Dr. Leslie Hecht, Barbara Amberg, and Kate Donohue. I want to thank Laura Harris, Gail Myers, and Dr. Gregory Conderman, who provided a wonderful work environment for me and accommodated my need to go to various professional development trainings. I want to thank the director of the University Writing Center, Gail Jacky, and the staff who helped me with discussing and translating of cultural meanings. I want to thank Judy Chitwood for her classical ballet and pilates classes, and Rich Grund for his classical ballet class that I took to break away from the long hours of sitting and writing rigorously. My love for dancing and arts will always be there! I want to thank two families in the community, Tracy and Drew Wells and Millie and John Kostery, for inviting me into their homes for holidays and other social gatherings and for iv also telling me that I am welcome at any time. Thank you for making me feel cared for when I have been away from my family and being the people I could always rely on in emergency and non-emergency situations! Most of all, I want to thank my family for always loving me endlessly and unconditionally and for supporting me in all imaginable and unimaginable ways! I cannot express how much I love you: my dear parents, Tsvetana and Ventsislav, and my dear sister, Stela. It felt like yesterday when I left you and came to Midwest America to continue my studies. Although I have been so many miles away from you during the years of my doctoral studies, you have always been there with and for me, in my heart, my soul, and my mind! DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my loving, sacrificing, beautiful, intelligent, and highly educated family. TABLE OF CONTENT Page LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................ xv LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................................... xvi LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................................................. xvii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1 Researcher’s Interest in Study .................................................................................................... 1 Background ................................................................................................................................. 4 Demographic Trends in the United States .............................................................................. 4 Diversity in the United States ................................................................................................. 5 Immigrant Integration ............................................................................................................. 5 Immigrant Integration Defined ........................................................................................... 5 Immigrant Integration and Adult Education ....................................................................... 7 Purpose of Study ......................................................................................................................... 7 Problem Statement ...................................................................................................................... 8 Research Questions ..................................................................................................................... 8 Significance of Study .................................................................................................................. 9 2. FROM BULGARIA TO THE U.S.: TRANSITION, HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE .......... 10 Bulgarian Economic Transition ................................................................................................ 10 vii Chapter Page Conditions for Bulgarian Economic Transition .................................................................... 11 Phases of Economic Policy ................................................................................................... 12 Bulgaria and the European Union ............................................................................................. 12 Bulgarian Higher Education ................................................................................................. 13 Implementing the Bologna Process
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