DOCSLIB.ORG

Above Treeline Shrub-Chronologies on the Eastern Sierra Nevada Crest

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Above Treeline Shrub-Chronologies on the Eastern Sierra Nevada Crest Above-treeline Linanthus pungens shrub-chronologies on the eastern Sierra Nevada crest, Mono Co., California contain records of precipitation and temperature Rebecca Franklin, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA 1. Site Characteristics and Study Description: 4. Barney Lake Chronology Description 6. Climate-Growth Response 10 mi. Initial evaluation of climate- Barney Lake Linanthus pungens A. BLRG Residual EPS, SSS value, .85 cut-off and sample depth growth response. Marker years 1 100 1.4 N chronology in the Barney Lake chronology 0.9 0.8 80 indicate extreme growth Here I present the first shrub-ring chronology 0.7 responses to drought years (1934, 1.2 1934: drought for L. pungens in North America. In panel B is 0.6 60 1961, 1977) and to years with 0.5 the L. pungens residual index values in black BLRG res SSS record snowfall (1983, 1986, 0.4 40 with the +/- 1 SD levels shaded in gray. EPS 0.85 cutoff 1995) –as indicated in the graph 1 0.3 Woody shrub stems and taproots have values for the Barney Lake site chronology BLRG res EPS to the right. 0.2 20 been used in an increasing number of reach 0.85 (for a sample depth of 16) only after BLRG sample depth 0.1 0.8 climatological and ecological applications: 1952 so I truncate the chronology there and Wide annual rings occur during reconstructing glacial fluctuations in 2 0 use only 1952-2007 index values in my 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 drought years. L. pungens China, summer temperature and microsite 1.8 effects in the Norwegian Alps, and winter correlations and response functions. inhabits dry cool (north-facing) 0.6 precipitation, AO & NAO phase changes Barney Lake Rock Glacier Climate Normals, 1971-2000 1.6 rocky sites and is not limited (as and nutrient uptake in the Canadian Arctic. Maximum sample depth for the Barney Lake 1.4 indicated by this study) by 300 14 1983 & 1986: heavy snowfall 1.2 0.4 These plants occupy the alpine area above chronology is 95 individuals from 4 microsite moisture. Narrow rings occur 12 1 treeline and other extra-arboreal zones locations in the Barney lake cirque area. accompanying record snow pack 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 250 such as rock glaciers. Their different 10 0.8 and cool growing season growth form indicates that different 8 Subsample signal strength, EPS values and 0.6 temperatures. This could be as a environmental and climatological factors 200 sample depth are presented in panel A. 0.4 result of the mechanics of being 200 mi. may affect their annual growth increment. 6 covered by snow pack and unable to photosynthesize or from cool growing season temperatures. 0.2 B. Barney Lake Rock Glacier Residual Index +/- 1 SD These shrub chronologies are readily 150 4 comparable to adjacent tree-ring 0 2 chronologies. 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 100 0 Temperature (C) Avg Annual Precipitation: 500 mm (mm) Precipitation To study recent (past 100 years) climate A. Ranked April SWE correlations with Barney Lake Chronology B. Snowpack and Drought: correlations with BL Chronology -2 0.6 JJA Mean Temperature: 15.5 C and ecological change in the alpine Eastern 50 Barney Lake Rock Glacier Non-Rock Variable BLRG chronology Correlation df p-value Sierra Nevada I utilize the ring width -4 Glacier site 0.4 p < .05 p < .05 ~37.5N lat., 119W long. patterns archived in the taproots of woody 0 -6 By Aspect 0.2 PDSI shrubs growing above treeline. BLRG Chronology Residual Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec BLRG Site -0.29 50 < 0.05 0 Chronology 90 60 20 Level ground 230 Statistics. Standardized -0.23 50 < 0.10 chronology Ring Width -0.35 50 < 0.02 Raw Ring Widths -0.2 Site statistics are listed for with BLRG Correlation -0.4 Chronology length 1895-2007 1931-2007 1934-2007 1928-2007 1930-2007 1895-2007 SWE Number of Years 112 76 73 79 77 112 microsite chronologies -0.6 Residual -0.25 54 < 0.10 Year EPS > 0.85 1954 1948 1986 1962 1963 1959 sorted by aspect (90 deg., Standardized -0.25 54 < 0.10 2. Barney Lake Rock Glacier Botany and Wood Anatomy 60 deg., 20 deg., no aspect, -0.8 Ring Width -0.18 54 < 0.20 Average sample length 49 49 43 46 45 71 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 and 230 deg.) and are also Sample size (# plants) 95 39 22 27 19 9 April SWE relative value (deciles) 1927 - 2007 Average sorted by full site Family Species Maximum Age Mean Ring Width (mm) 0.093 0.087 0.101 0.093 0.087 0.108 Asteraceae Antennaria rosea chronology vs. non-rock Drought and snowpack variability as controls on Barney Lake L. pungens chronologies. Standard Deviation 0.18 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.29 0.26 Asteraceae Circium scaciosum glacier paired site and raw Initial correlations with a drought metric (Palmer Drought Severity Index, PDSI) and snowpack metric (April Snow Water Asteraceae Ericameria discoidea 70 years ring widths vs. standardized Equivalent) were significant but did not prove to be stable predictors of growth over time. Standardized Chronology Asteraceae Ericameria suffruticosa 70 years chronology. Mean 0.979 0.992 0.985 0.973 0.9853 0.992 To account for this relationship between shrub ring growth and snowpack I sorted years of April SWE (Tioga Pass) into deciles Asteraceae Erigeron pygmaus Standard deviation 0.138 0.148 0.163 0.167 0.2529 0.256 and regressed each of the ten deciles against ring width growth for the same years (Figure A). Both the highest deciles for SWE Asteraceae Erigeron compositus Signal to Noise Ratio 7.049 6.642 2.862 2.361 2.111 4.685 and the lowest decile for SWE were highly (r= .9 - .8) negatively correlated with ring width growth for those years (p < 0.05). Asteraceae Solidago multiradiata 14 years RBAR 0.234 0.315 0.156 0.239 0.258 0.539 Brassicaceae Arabis lemmonnii Mean Sensitivity 0.160 0.140 0.152 0.140 0.2048 0.202 Brassicaceae Erysimum capitatum var. perenne 10 years Caryophyllaceae Arenaria kingii Auto-correlation 0.296 0.221 0.283 0.398 0.4848 0.561 Caryophyllaceae Silene sargentia Correlation and Response Functions: PDO, PRISM Tmax, Tmin & Precipitation values Grossulariaceae Ribes cereum 100+ years Correlations generated for the Hydrophyllaceae Phacelia hastata ssp. compacta Thin section images of the five most common woody shrubs at BLRG site. Scale is 1 mm. Comparison of raw ring width PDO correlations significant at 95% confidence level T min correlations significant at 95% confidence level Barney Lake chronology using Lamiaceae Monardella odoratissima 45 years a) Ericameria discolor, b) Linanthus pungens, c) Monardella odoritissima, d) Phlox diffusa, e) Salix chronologies for 4 aspects at the DendroClim2002 were Onagraceae Castilleja nana spp. These species are long lived and due to completely lignified taproots have potential for high Barney Lake site. A) 90 degrees, b) 60 significant only for previous Onagraceae Castilleja appellgatia elevation dendrochronological studies. Linanthus pungens, is particularly long-lived, does not degrees, c) 25 degrees, d) level ground/no winter’s precipitation (Oct-Jan) Polemoniaceae Linanthus pungens 120 years x suffer from root-rot and has exceptionally clearly demarcated growth rings. aspect and e) 270 degrees. Chronologies and the current growing Polemoniaceae Phlox diffusa 40 years a through d are located on the Barney season’s (June/July) Polygonaceae Eriogonum ovalafolium Rock Glacier and site e is on the Barney temperature, Tmax and Tmin. Polygonaceae Eriogonum incanum A Lake non-rock glacier paired site. Response functions significant Primulaceae Primula suffretescens B C at the 95% confidence level Pteridaceae Athyrium alpestre For all raw ring width chronologies there is were only found for July Pteridaceae Pellaea brewerii an increasing trend in ring width I the latter temperatue (Tmin and Tmax) Ranunculaceae Aquilegia pubescens 25 years half of the 20th century. This is likely due to Rosaceae Holodiscus microphyllus the occurrence of younger individuals later Temperature and precipitation Salicaceae Salix spp values were taken from the in the chronology as the trend is not seen Precip correlations significant at 95% confidence level Tmax correlations significant at 95% confidence level Selaginellaceae Selaginella watsonii in the standardized chronology PRISM data set for latitude 37.56491N and longitude Photo: C. Millar, 2007 Photo: C. Millar, 2007 Species composition of BLRG. I catalogued 27 118.9701 W. species growing on the rock glacier. Nine of the x species in particular had long-lived persistent Distinct rock glacier microsites. BLRG has many discrete patches of Temperature and precipitation taproots with annual growth bands contained surface that support distinct species compositions. A) woody shrubs values for all weather stations Photo: C. Millar, 2007 therein. Ericameria spp, B) Phlox diffusa, C) Primula suffretescens 5. Climate Station and Data Issues x in the Sierra Nevada range were not significantly In high elevation areas there is a paucity of climate stations. In the central Sierra Nevada there are 17 climate stations at mid- to high elevations correlated with the Barney yet virtually all have incomplete records and missing data that makes them unsuitable for use in climate reconstruction and temperature monitoring Lake chronology in rapidly changing, climatically sensitive areas. In the figures below I show the distribution of climate stations and the lack of complete records for 3. Linanthus pungens: species selection, and cross-dating this area.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park
    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks.
    [Show full text]
  • Phlox Douglasii Hook.)
    PLANT OF THE YEAR Columbia Phlox (Phlox douglasii Hook.) James H. Locklear 7431 Briarhurst Circle, Lincoln, NE 68506 Phlox douglasii is a subshrub, branching from a woody base with herbaceous growth that dies back to the woody tissue at the end of each growing season. Flowers are borne at the top of the new growth. Photo by James Locklear. hlox douglasii is a name covering…a multitude of in 1820, and helped develop the Glasgow Botanic Garden botanical sins.” So wrote Ira Gabrielson in his 1932 where his path crossed that of a newly hired gardener (David classic, Western American Alpines, and so I discovered Douglas). Hooker was so impressed with the young Scot that for“P myself some 70 years later. With grants from the Native he recommended Douglas to the Royal Horticultural Society of Plant Society of Oregon and the North American Rock Garden London as a botanical collector (Hooker 1836). Douglas made Society, I waded into a study of the genus Phlox in general and his first collecting trip under the auspices of the Society in 1823, P. douglasii in particular. While matters of nomenclature can be traveling to the northeastern United States and Canada. In 1824 he tedious to work through, the species in question is a prominent set sail for the west coast of North America, arriving at the mouth wildflower in a number of plant communities in central and of the Columbia River in April of 1825. In this vast watershed, eastern Oregon, and a clear picture of its taxonomic identity is Douglas collected seeds and plant specimens for the Society, and important to understanding and describing the ecology of these in the process, discovered scores of new species that today bear communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Species List
    Cedar Mountain Perennials Plant List (208) 683-2387 [email protected] or [email protected] FLOWERING PERENNIALS Species Common Name Light Water Deer Other Agastache cana Hummingbird Mint Agastache occidentalis Western Giant Hyssop Allium cernuum Nodding Onion Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly Everlasting Antennaria microphylla Rosy Pussytoes Antennaria sp. Pussytoes Apocynum androsaemifolium Spreading Dogbane Aquilegia caerulea Rocky Mountain Columbine Aquilegia chrysantha Golden Columbine Aquilegia flavescens Yellow Columbine Aquilegia formosa Western Columbine Arnica cordifolia Heartleaf Arnica Arnica latifolia Broadleaf Arnica Artemisia frigida Fringed Sage Artemisia ludoviciana Silver Sage Asarum caudatum Wild Ginger Asclepias incarnata Rose Milkweed Asclepias speciosa Showy Milkweed Aster foliaceus Leafybract Aster Aster laevis Smooth Blue Aster Aster occidentalis Western Aster Balsamorhiza sagittata Arrowleaf Balsamroot Campanula rotundifolia Bluebells of Scotland Castilleja linariifolia Wyoming Paintbrush Chamerion angustifolium Fireweed Clarkia pulchella Pink Fairies Coptis occidentalis Goldthread Cornus canadensis Bunchberry Echinacea purpurea Purple Coneflower Erigeron compositus Cutleaf Daisy Erigeron peregrinus Subalpine Fleabane Erigeron speciosus Showy Fleabane Eriogonum heracleoides Wyeth Buckwheat Eriogonum ovalifolium Cushion Buckwheat Eriogonum thymoides Thyme Buckwheat Eriogonum umbellatum v. majus Wild Buckwheat Eriogonum umbellatum v. Sulphur Buckwheat umbellatum Eriophyllum lanatum Oregon Sunshine Erythronium
    [Show full text]
  • Emergent Flowering Plants, P-R – Pg.1
    Starflower Image Herbarium & Landscaping Pages Emergent Flowering Plants, P-R – pg.1 Starflower Image Herbarium Emergent Flowering Plants, P-R © Starflower Foundation, 1996-2007 Washington Native Plant Society These species pages has been valuable and loved for over a decade by WNPS members and the PNW plant community. Untouched since 2007, these pages have been archived for your reference. They contain valuable identifiable traits, landscaping information, and ethnobotanical uses. Species names and data will not be updated. To view updated taxonomical information, visit the UW Burke Herbarium Image Collection website at http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection.php. For other useful plant information, visit the Native Plants Directory at www.wnps.org. Compiled September 1, 2018 Starflower Image Herbarium & Landscaping Pages Emergent Flowering Plants, P-R – pg.2 Contents About Ann Lennartz ................................................................................................................................................................ 3 Penstemon serrulatus............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Coast Penstemon ................................................................................................................................................................ 4 Petasites palmatus ................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Washington Park Arboretum (2004) (Pdf)
    i Foreword The results of this project are from the combined efforts of a team of talented students at the University of Washington. The five members of this team came to this project with diverse experiences and knowledge. The team included Landscape Architecture students and Environmental Horticulture/ Urban Forestry students; including undergraduate and graduate students. Amongst the team were individuals with extensive experience in nursery management, municipal arboriculture, landscape design, and environmental consulting. The team even included an International Society of Arboriculture Certified Arborist and Washington State University Master Gardeners. We hope that this project will contribute significantly to the implementation of a Native Plant Synoptic Garden at Washington Park Arboretum. The information contained in this project should be used in conjunction with other previous projects that have focused on the creation of this garden. By combining all this cumulative information, the final stakeholders and designers at Washington Park Arboretum will be able to synthesize and create this world class garden. ii Contents FOREWORD……………………………………………………………………………………..i INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………..1 Site Location……………………………………………………………………………………..1 Site History……………………………………………………………………………………....1 Project Goals ……………………………………………………………………………………..2 SITE ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………………………...3 Existing Vegetation…………………………………………………………………………….....6 Topography……………………………………………………………………………………....7 Climate…………………………………………………………………………………………..8
    [Show full text]
  • Plant List Browder Ridge
    *Non-native Browder Ridge Plant List as of 7/12/2016 compiled by Tanya Harvey T14S.R6E.S10,11 westerncascades.com FERNS & ALLIES Abies procera Ribes lacustre Athyriaceae Picea engelmannii Ribes lobbii Athyrium filix-femina Pinus contorta var. latifolia Ribes sanguineum Blechnaceae Pinus monticola Ribes viscosissimum Blechnum spicant Pseudotsuga menziesii Rhamnaceae Cystopteridaceae Tsuga heterophylla Ceanothus velutinus Cystopteris fragilis Tsuga mertensiana Rosaceae Gymnocarpium disjunctum Taxaceae Amelanchier alnifolia Dennstaedtiaceae Taxus brevifolia Holodiscus discolor Pteridium aquilinum TREES & SHRUBS: DICOTS Prunus emarginata Dryopteridaceae Adoxaceae Rosa gymnocarpa Polystichum lonchitis Sambucus racemosa Rubus lasiococcus Polystichum munitum Araliaceae Rubus leucodermis Lycopodiaceae Oplopanax horridus Rubus parviflorus Lycopodium clavatum Berberidaceae Rubus spectabilis Polypodiaceae Berberis nervosa Rubus ursinus Polypodium sp. (Mahonia nervosa) Sorbus scopulina Pteridaceae Betulaceae Sorbus sitchensis Adiantum aleuticum Alnus viridis ssp. sinuata (Adiantum pedatum var. aleuticum) (Alnus sinuata) Spiraea splendens (Spiraea densiflora) Aspidotis densa Corylus cornuta var. californica Salicaceae Cheilanthes gracillima Caprifoliaceae Salix sitchensis Symphoricarpos albus Cryptogramma acrostichoides (Cryptogramma crispa) Symphoricarpos mollis Sapindaceae (Symphoricarpos hesperius) Acer circinatum Selaginellaceae Selaginella scopulorum Celastraceae Acer glabrum var. douglasii (Selaginella densa var. scopulorum) Paxistima myrsinites
    [Show full text]
  • Ground Covers Ground Covers
    TheThe AmericanAmerican GARDENERGARDENER TheThe MagazineMagazine ofof thethe AAmericanmerican HorticulturalHorticultural SocietySociety September/October 2005 Spring Bulbs Liven Up Beds and Borders Earth-Friendly TTipsips forfor FallFall CleanupCleanup SimplifyingSimplifying thethe Garden:Garden: WorkWork Less,Less, EnjoyEnjoy MoreMore shade-loving ground covers A green lawn does not have to be hazardous to your health. Why risk exposing your family to the potential health risks associated with unnecessary lawn chemical use? NaturaLawn® of America’s environmentally friendly approach creates a green lawn quickly, more naturally, and with fewer weeds. We know a one-size-fits all chemical program is simply not a safe approach. That’s why we customize a formula that’s right for your lawn. Working with nature, not against it, NaturaLawn of America strengthens your lawn’s root system by building the soil to help give you a healthy green lawn that stays that way. Call 800-989-5444 and we’ll show you that our service is as superior as the lawns we create. NaturaLawn of America, the safer way to a healthy lawn. Find out more at www.nl-amer.com. THE LEADER I N ORGANI C- BASED LAWNCARETM © 2005. NaturaLawn of America, Inc. All rights reserved. Each office independently owned and operated. www.nl-amer.com For permission to reproduce this piece, call 800-989-5444. contents Volume 84, Number 5 . September / October 2005 FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 5 NOTES FROM RIVER FARM 6 MEMBERS’ FORUM 8 NEWS FROM AHS River Farm being transformed for the Eastern Performance Trials, HGI offers new volunteer opportunities for Master Gardeners, new children’s gardening book awards debut in Atlanta.
    [Show full text]
  • Biological Surveys Conducted in the SEIS Analysis Area at Mt
    Biological Surveys Conducted in the SEIS Analysis Area at Mt. Spokane State Park During 2010 Pacific Biodiversity Institute Biological Surveys Conducted in the SEIS Analysis Area at Mt. Spokane State Park During 2010 Peter H. Morrison [email protected] and George Wooten [email protected] Pacific Biodiversity Institute P.O. Box 298 Winthrop, Washington 98862 509-996-2490 Recommended Citation Morrison P.H. and G.Wooten. 2010. Biological Surveys Conducted in the SEIS Analysis Area at Mt. Spokane State Park During 2010. Pacific Biodiversity Institute, Winthrop, Washington. 151 pp. Acknowledgements Brad McQuarrie (manager) and many of the staff at Mt. Spokane Ski Area assisted with logistics and transportation. Hans Smith, Asako Yamamuro and Juliet Rhodes all assisted with field work. Susan Snetsinger assisted with database development and analysis. Asako Yamamuro assisted with data entry. Project Funding This project was funded by the Mt. Spokane Ski Area (Mt. Spokane 2000) Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Vegetation/Habitat Surveys within the SEIS Analysis Area ............................................................... 2 Methods ................................................................................................................................................... 2 Results .....................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • American Rock Garden Society Bulletin
    American Rock Garden Society Bulletin A SIMPLE BULB FRAME—A. J. MacPhail 41 THE GLIDE WILDFLOWER SHOW—Kenneth Lodewick 46 THE GENUS SYMPHANDRA—Robert M. Senior 49 JOURNEYING IN NEW ZEALAND—Gladys Fletcher Daniels 52 THE STINSON BEACH WILDFLOWER SHOW Arthur and Barbara Menzies 55 COLLECTOR'S NOTEBOOK - DIAPENSIACEAE—Roy Davidson 58 SOME OBSERVATIONS ON PLANTED WALLS— Palmer S. Chambers 61 PLANT HUNTING IN THE CAROLINAS—Donald W. Humphrey 63 ROUGH AND READY BOTANICAL WAYSIDE— Olga W. Johnson 67 REQUESTS BY MEMBERS 71 PLANTS TO KNOW AND GROW 72 OMNIUM-GATHERUM 75 Vol. 29 APRIL, 1971 No. 2 DIRECTORATE BULLETIN Editor Emeritus DR. EDGAR T. WHERRY, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 Editor ALBERT M. SUTTON 9608 26th Ave. N.W., Seattle, Washington 98107 AMERICAN ROCK GARDEN SOCIETY President Emeritus HAROLD EPSTEIN. 5 Forest Court, Larchmont, New York * President— BERNARD E. HARKNESS, BOX 264, R.D. #1, Pre-emption Rd., Geneva, N. Y. 14456 Secretary RICHARD W. REDFIELD, Box 26, Closter, N. J. 07624 Treasurer ALEX D. REID, 260 Boulevard, Mountain Lakes, N. J. V ice-Presidents BRIAN O. MULLIGAN DONALD E. HAVENS BOYD KLINE HARRY BUTLER MRS. ARMEN GEVJAN Directors Term Expires 1971 Mrs. Herbert Brinckerhoff H. Lincoln Foster Lee Raden Term Expires 1972 Mrs. Sallie D. Allen Jerome A. Lukins Henry R. Fuller Term Expires 1973 Mrs. L. N. Roberson George Pride F. Owen Pearce Director of Seed Exchange MR. HENRY R. FULLER P.O. Box 158, Easton, Connecticut 06425 Director of Slide Collection ELMER C. BALDWIN 400 Tecumseh Road, Syracuse, N. Y. 13224 REGIONAL CHAIRMEN Northwestern CLIFFORD G.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Nevada, Reno Responses of Above- And
    University of Nevada, Reno Responses of Above- and Belowground Forb and Plant Species Diversity to Grazing Exclusion and Fire in the Northern Great Basin Sagebrush Steppe A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Animal and Rangeland Science By Mariel T. Boldis Dr. Barry Perryman/Thesis Advisor May 2020 THE GRADUATE SCHOOL We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by Entitled be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of , Advisor , Committee Member , Graduate School Representative David W. Zeh, Ph.D., Dean, Graduate School i ABSTRACT The legacy effects of improper grazing regimes in the pre-1936 Taylor Grazing Act era and historical fire suppression have contributed to an overall decrease in native deep-rooted perennial bunch grasses and forbs, an increase in annual invasive grasses, and greater sagebrush dominance. Although not as widely used as perennial bunchgrasses, forbs of the Intermountain west have also been tested for use in rehabilitation purposes in the Intermountain West. Forbs provide the majority of plant species richness in stable-state sagebrush systems of the Northern Great Basin, are important seasonal food sources for wildlife like the Greater sage-grouse, provide erosion control through rapid establishment, and help prevent soil-nutrient loss. We assessed differences in above- and belowground diversity between burned and adjacent unburned areas, and between grazed and long-term grazing excluded areas, using soil seed bank and aboveground cover attributes in order to provide insight into ecological potentials of sagebrush sites in the northern Great Basin. Based on soil texture, elevation, species richness and composition of the seed bank in burned areas at each site, aboveground diversity (Effective S) increased as the seed bank became more diverse and was likely dominated by annual herbaceous species (except Claypan 14-16 #1).
    [Show full text]
  • Landscaping in Sunriver
    Landscaping in Sunriver Finding landscaping plants and trees to suit your needs can be challenging. While one book may say a plant is fire, disease or deer resistant, another will tell you the opposite. We’ve compiled a list of landscaping plants and trees that do well in our drier region. Also, it may help to look at homes in Sunriver with landscaping three- to five-years-old to see which plants have done best. For more information, contact SROA Natural Resources Department at 541-593-1522 Flowers Yarrow Achillea millefolium Blue Flax Linum lewisii Pearly Everlasting Anaphalis margaritacea Lupine (various) Lupinus spp Rosy Pussytoes Antennaria microphylla Pink Monkey Flower Mimulus cusickii Western Columbine Aquilegia formosa Yellow Monkey Flower Mimulus guttatus Purple Aster Aster spp Evening Primrose Oenothera spp Arrow-leaf Balsamroot Balsamorhiza sagitata Penstemon (various) Penstemon spp Indian Paintbrush Castilleja spp Black-Eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta Plains Coreopsis Coreopsis tintoria Stonecrop Sedum lanceolatum or stenopetalum Purple Coneflower Echinacea purpurea Blue Eyed Grass Sisyrinchium spp Fireweed Epilobium angustifolia Oregon Checkermallow Sidalcea oregano Creamy Buckwheat Eriogonum heracleoides Scarlet Globemallow Sphaeralcea coccinea Oregon Sunshine Eriophyllum lanatum Phlox Phlox diffusa Western Wallflower Erysimum asperum Strawberry Fragaria chiloensis or vescabracteata California Poppy Eschscholtzia californica Rocky Mountain Iris Iris Missouriensis Indian Blanket Gailardia spp Russian Sage Perovskia atriplicifolia
    [Show full text]
  • Wildflowers Mountain
    Mountain Basic Guide 57Wildflowers common species in the Cascades and Olympics to Flower How many times have you been out on a trail and thought, “Wow, what is that flower?” Washington’s moun- Anatomy tains offer a rainbow of wildflowers, from shady forest floors to the highest alpine meadows. Washington STAMEN Trails is proud to present this handy field guide to wildflowers commonly seen on the trail. You won’t find The male organ of a flower, every wildflower here, but a good sampling to get you more familiar with everything from avalanche lilies composed of the anther to yarrow. This full-color insert was made possible by a grant from the Stusser Endowment for Hiker News and Reports, and by a dedicated group of wildflower enthusiasts and photographers. So, take these pages and filament. on your next hike and start learning the amazing world of mountain wildflowers! FILAMENT Fine, hair-like stalk that supports the anther. ANTHER Upper-most, pollen-bearing portion of the stamen. PISTIL The female reproductive organ of a flower, composed of the ovary, style and stigma. OVARY Found the base of the pistil, the ovary is the seed-produc- ing part of the flower. STYLE The stalk above the ovary. STIGMA The sticky center of a flower, NANCY HIGGINS RON SHOLAND this is the pollen receptacle found at the top of the pistil. GLACIER LILY Erythronium grandiflorum Distinguished from Tiger lily Lilium columbianum It’s hard to miss the distinctive PETAL avalanche lilies by their yellow flowers, glacier lilies are one of the first orange blossoms and deep red or purple “freckles” on the tiger lily.
    [Show full text]